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Li N, Steiger S, Zhong M, Lu M, Lei Y, Tang C, Chen J, Guo Y, Li J, Zhang D, Li J, Zhu E, Zheng Z, Lichtnekert J, Chen Y, Wang X. IRF8 maintains mononuclear phagocyte and neutrophil function in acute kidney injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31818. [PMID: 38845872 PMCID: PMC11153194 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune cells are key players in acute tissue injury and inflammation, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Their development, differentiation, activation status, and functions are mediated by a variety of transcription factors, such as interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) and IRF4. We speculated that IRF8 has a pathophysiologic impact on renal immune cells in AKI and found that IRF8 is highly expressed in blood type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s), monocytes, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and kidney biopsies from patients with AKI. In a mouse model of ischemia‒reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced AKI, Irf8 -/- mice displayed increased tubular cell necrosis and worsened kidney dysfunction associated with the recruitment of a substantial amount of monocytes and neutrophils but defective renal infiltration of cDC1s and moDCs. Mechanistically, global Irf8 deficiency impaired moDC and cDC1 maturation and activation, as well as cDC1 proliferation, antigen uptake, and trafficking to lymphoid organs for T-cell priming in ischemic AKI. Moreover, compared with Irf8 +/+ mice, Irf8 -/- mice exhibited increased neutrophil recruitment and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation following AKI. IRF8 primarily regulates cDC1 and indirectly neutrophil functions, and thereby protects mice from kidney injury and inflammation following IRI. Our results demonstrate that IRF8 plays a predominant immunoregulatory role in cDC1 function and therefore represents a potential therapeutic target in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
- Scientific Research Center, Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Stefanie Steiger
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meihua Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, People's Hospital of Banan District, 401320, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Lei
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiasi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Guo
- Scientific Research Center, Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dengyang Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Enyi Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Julia Lichtnekert
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Yun Chen
- Scientific Research Center, Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, China
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Yamasaki T, Nishiyama A, Kurogi N, Nishimura K, Nishida S, Kurotaki D, Ban T, Ramilowski JA, Ozato K, Toyoda A, Tamura T. Physical and functional interaction among Irf8 enhancers during dendritic cell differentiation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114107. [PMID: 38613785 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The production of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) requires high expression of the transcription factor IRF8. Three enhancers at the Irf8 3' region function in a differentiation stage-specific manner. However, whether and how these enhancers interact physically and functionally remains unclear. Here, we show that the Irf8 3' enhancers directly interact with each other and contact the Irf8 gene body during cDC1 differentiation. The +56 kb enhancer, which functions from multipotent progenitor stages, activates the other 3' enhancers through an IRF8-dependent transcription factor program, that is, in trans. Then, the +32 kb enhancer, which operates in cDC1-committed cells, reversely acts in cis on the other 3' enhancers to maintain the high expression of Irf8. Indeed, mice with compound heterozygous deletion of the +56 and +32 kb enhancers are unable to generate cDC1s. These results illustrate how multiple enhancers cooperate to induce a lineage-determining transcription factor gene during cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Yamasaki
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nagomi Kurogi
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koutarou Nishimura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shion Nishida
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Kitasato University School of Science, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurotaki
- Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Ban
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jordan A Ramilowski
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan; Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
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3
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Kim S, Chen J, Ou F, Liu TT, Jo S, Gillanders WE, Murphy TL, Murphy KM. Transcription factor C/EBPα is required for the development of Ly6C hi monocytes but not Ly6C lo monocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315659121. [PMID: 38564635 PMCID: PMC11009651 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315659121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Monocytes comprise two major subsets, Ly6Chi classical monocytes and Ly6Clo nonclassical monocytes. Notch2 signaling in Ly6Chi monocytes triggers transition to Ly6Clo monocytes, which require Nr4a1, Bcl6, Irf2, and Cebpb. By comparison, less is known about transcriptional requirements for Ly6Chi monocytes. We find transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) is highly expressed in Ly6Chi monocytes, but down-regulated in Ly6Clo monocytes. A few previous studies described the requirement of C/EBPα in the development of neutrophils and eosinophils. However, the role of C/EBPα for in vivo monocyte development has not been understood. We deleted the Cebpa +37 kb enhancer in mice, eliminating hematopoietic expression of C/EBPα, reproducing the expected neutrophil defect. Surprisingly, we also found a severe and selective loss of Ly6Chi monocytes, while preserving Ly6Clo monocytes. We find that BM progenitors from Cebpa +37-/- mice rapidly progress through the monocyte progenitor stage to develop directly into Ly6Clo monocytes even in the absence of Notch2 signaling. These results identify a previously unrecognized role for C/EBPα in maintaining Ly6Chi monocyte identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyung Kim
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Feiya Ou
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tian-Tian Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Suin Jo
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - William E. Gillanders
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Theresa L. Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kenneth M. Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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4
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Swann JW, Olson OC, Passegué E. Made to order: emergency myelopoiesis and demand-adapted innate immune cell production. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-00998-7. [PMID: 38467802 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-00998-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Definitive haematopoiesis is the process by which haematopoietic stem cells, located in the bone marrow, generate all haematopoietic cell lineages in healthy adults. Although highly regulated to maintain a stable output of blood cells in health, the haematopoietic system is capable of extensive remodelling in response to external challenges, prioritizing the production of certain cell types at the expense of others. In this Review, we consider how acute insults, such as infections and cytotoxic drug-induced myeloablation, cause molecular, cellular and metabolic changes in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells at multiple levels of the haematopoietic hierarchy to drive accelerated production of the mature myeloid cells needed to resolve the initiating insult. Moreover, we discuss how dysregulation or subversion of these emergency myelopoiesis mechanisms contributes to the progression of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Swann
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oakley C Olson
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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5
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Das A, Yesupatham S, Allison D, Tanwar H, Gnanasekaran J, Kear B, Wang X, Wang S, Zachariadou C, Abbasi Y, Chung M, Ozato K, Liu C, Foster B, Thumbigere-Math V. Murine IRF8 Mutation Offers New Insight into Osteoclast and Root Resorption. J Dent Res 2024; 103:318-328. [PMID: 38343385 PMCID: PMC10985390 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231222173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), a transcription factor expressed in immune cells, functions as a negative regulator of osteoclasts and helps maintain dental and skeletal homeostasis. Previously, we reported that a novel mutation in the IRF8 gene increases susceptibility to multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption (MICRR), a form of tooth root resorption mediated by increased osteoclast activity. The IRF8 G388S variant in the highly conserved C-terminal motif is predicted to alter the protein structure, likely impairing IRF8 function. To investigate the molecular basis of MICRR and IRF8 function in osteoclastogenesis, we generated Irf8 knock-in (KI) mice using CRISPR/Cas9 technique modeling the human IRF8G388S mutation. The heterozygous (Het) and homozygous (Homo) Irf8 KI mice showed no gross morphological defects, and the development of hematopoietic cells was unaffected and similar to wild-type (WT) mice. The Irf8 KI Het and Homo mice showed no difference in macrophage gene signatures important for antimicrobial defenses and inflammatory cytokine production. Consistent with the phenotype observed in MICRR patients, Irf8 KI Het and Homo mice demonstrated significantly increased osteoclast formation and resorption activity in vivo and in vitro when compared to WT mice. The oral ligature-inserted Het and Homo mice displayed significantly increased root resorption and osteoclast-mediated alveolar bone loss compared to WT mice. The increased osteoclastogenesis noted in KI mice is due to the inability of IRF8G388S mutation to inhibit NFATc1-dependent transcriptional activation and downstream osteoclast specific transcripts, as well as its impact on autophagy-related pathways of osteoclast differentiation. This translational study delineates the IRF8 domain important for osteoclast function and provides novel insights into the IRF8 mutation associated with MICRR. IRF8G388S mutation mainly affects osteoclastogenesis while sparing immune cell development and function. These insights extend beyond oral health and significantly advance our understanding of skeletal disorders mediated by increased osteoclast activity and IRF8's role in osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Das
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S.K. Yesupatham
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D. Allison
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H. Tanwar
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J. Gnanasekaran
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B. Kear
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - X. Wang
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S. Wang
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C. Zachariadou
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Y. Abbasi
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M.K. Chung
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K. Ozato
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C. Liu
- Transgenic Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B.L. Foster
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - V. Thumbigere-Math
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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6
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Swarnkar G, Semenkovich NP, Arra M, Mims DK, Naqvi SK, Peterson T, Mbalaviele G, Wu CL, Abu-Amer Y. DNA hypomethylation ameliorates erosive inflammatory arthritis by modulating interferon regulatory factor-8. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310264121. [PMID: 38319963 PMCID: PMC10873594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310264121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory arthritis. DNA hypomethylating agents, such as decitabine (DAC), have been shown to dampen inflammation and restore immune homeostasis. In the present study, we demonstrate that DAC elicits potent anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates disease symptoms in several animal models of arthritis. Transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling show that DAC-mediated hypomethylation regulates a wide range of cell types in arthritis, altering the differentiation trajectories of anti-inflammatory macrophage populations, regulatory T cells, and tissue-protective synovial fibroblasts (SFs). Mechanistically, DAC-mediated demethylation of intragenic 5'-Cytosine phosphate Guanine-3' (CpG) islands of the transcription factor Irf8 (interferon regulatory factor 8) induced its re-expression and promoted its repressor activity. As a result, DAC restored joint homeostasis by resetting the transcriptomic signature of negative regulators of inflammation in synovial macrophages (MerTK, Trem2, and Cx3cr1), TREGs (Foxp3), and SFs (Pdpn and Fapα). In conclusion, we found that Irf8 is necessary for the inhibitory effect of DAC in murine arthritis and that direct expression of Irf8 is sufficient to significantly mitigate arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Swarnkar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | | | - Manoj Arra
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Dorothy K. Mims
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Syeda Kanwal Naqvi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Timothy Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- HealthSpan Technologies, Inc, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Physical Performance, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY14642
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO63110
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7
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Nguyen LT, Zimmermann K, Kowenz-Leutz E, Lim R, Hofstätter M, Mildner A, Leutz A. C/EBPβ-induced lymphoid-to-myeloid transdifferentiation emulates granulocyte-monocyte progenitor biology. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:112-125. [PMID: 38157851 PMCID: PMC10828814 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) induces primary v-Abl immortalized mouse B cells to transdifferentiate (BT, B cell transdifferentiation) into granulocyte-macrophage progenitor-like cells (GMPBTs). GMPBTs maintain cytokine-independent self-renewal, lineage choice, and multilineage differentiation. Single-cell transcriptomics demonstrated that GMPBTs comprise a continuum of myelomonopoietic differentiation states that seamlessly fit into state-to-fate maps of normal granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs). Inactivating v-Abl kinase revealed the dependence on activated CSF2-JAK2-STAT5 signaling. Deleting IRF8 diminished monopoiesis and enhanced granulopoiesis while removing C/EBPβ-abrogated self-renewal and granulopoiesis but permitted macrophage differentiation. The GMPBT culture system is easily scalable to explore the basics of GMP biology and lineage commitment and largely reduces ethically and legislatively debatable, labor-intensive, and costly animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Thuy Nguyen
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, Berlin, Germany; Berlin School of Integrative Oncology (BSIO), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Zimmermann
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kowenz-Leutz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ramonique Lim
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Hofstätter
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Mildner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biomedicine at University of Turku, Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Achim Leutz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, Berlin, Germany.
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8
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Galera P, Dilip D, Derkach A, Chan A, Zhang Y, Persuad S, Mishera T, Liu Y, Famulare C, Gao Q, Mata DA, Arcila M, Geyer MB, Stein E, Dogan A, Levine RL, Roshal M, Glass J, Xiao W. Acute myeloid leukemia with mixed phenotype is characterized by stemness transcriptomic signatures and limited lineage plasticity. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.01.23297696. [PMID: 37961275 PMCID: PMC10635245 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.01.23297696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Mixed phenotype (MP) in acute leukemias poses unique classification and management dilemmas and can be seen in entities other than de novo mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL). Although WHO classification empirically recommends excluding AML with myelodysplasia related changes (AML-MRC) and therapy related AML (t-AML) with mixed phenotype (AML-MP) from MPAL, there is lack of studies investigating the clinical, genetic, and biologic features of AML-MP. We report the first cohort of AML-MRC and t-AML with MP integrating their clinical, immunophenotypic, genomic and transcriptomic features with comparison to MPAL and AML-MRC/t-AML without MP. Both AML cohorts with and without MP shared similar clinical features including adverse outcomes but were different from MPAL. The genomic landscape of AML-MP overlaps with AML without MP but differs from MPAL. AML-MP harbors more frequent RUNX1 mutations than AML without MP and MPAL. RUNX1 mutations did not impact the survival of patients with MPAL. Unsupervised hierarchal clustering based on immunophenotype identified biologically distinct clusters with phenotype/genotype correlation and outcome differences. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis showed an enrichment for stemness signature in AML-MP and AML without MP as compared to MPAL. Lastly, MPAL but not AML-MP often switched to lymphoid only immunophenotype after treatment. Expression of transcription factors critical for lymphoid differentiation were upregulated only in MPAL, but not in AML-MP. Our study for the first time demonstrates that AML-MP clinically and biologically resembles its AML counterpart without MP and differs from MPAL, supporting the recommendation to exclude these patients from the diagnosis of MPAL. Future studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of mixed phenotype in AML. Key points AML-MP clinically and biologically resembles AML but differs from MPAL. AML-MP shows RUNX1 mutations, stemness signatures and limited lymphoid lineage plasticity.
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9
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Orchanian SB, Lodoen MB. Monocytes as primary defenders against Toxoplasma gondii infection. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:837-849. [PMID: 37633758 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes are recruited from the bone marrow to sites of infection where they release cytokines and chemokines, function in antimicrobial immunity, and differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells to control infection. Although many studies have focused on monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells, recent work has examined the unique roles of monocytes during infection to promote immune defense. We focus on the effector functions of monocytes during infection with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, and discuss the signals that mobilize monocytes to sites of infection, their production of inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial mediators, their ability to shape the adaptive immune response, and their immunoregulatory functions. Insights from other infections, including Plasmodium and Listeria are also included for comparison and context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B Orchanian
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Melissa B Lodoen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
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10
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Zhang T, Lian G, Fang W, Tian L, Ma W, Zhang J, Meng Z, Yang H, Wang C, Wei C, Chen M. Comprehensive single-cell analysis reveals novel anergic antigen-presenting cell subtypes in human sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1257572. [PMID: 37781404 PMCID: PMC10538568 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1257572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with high mortality. A few studies have emerged utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze gene expression at the single-cell resolution in sepsis, but a comprehensive high-resolution analysis of blood antigen-presenting cells has not been conducted. Methods All published human scRNA-seq data were downloaded from the single cell portal database. After manually curating the dataset, we extracted all antigen-presenting cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes, for identification of cell subpopulations and their gene profiling and intercellular interactions between septic patients and healthy controls. Finally, we further validated the findings by performing deconvolution analysis on bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data and flow cytometry. Results Within the traditional DC populations, we discovered novel anergic DC subtypes characterized by low major histocompatibility complex class II expression. Notably, these anergic DC subtypes showed a significant increase in septic patients. Additionally, we found that a previously reported immunosuppressive monocyte subtype, Mono1, exhibited a similar gene expression profile to these anergic DCs. The consistency of our findings was confirmed through validation using bulk RNA-seq and flow cytometry, ensuring accurate identification of cell subtypes and gene expression patterns. Conclusions This study represents the first comprehensive single-cell analysis of antigen-presenting cells in human sepsis, revealing novel disease-associated anergic DC subtypes. These findings provide new insights into the cellular mechanisms of immune dysregulation in bacterial sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guodong Lian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jicheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongna Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunting Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chengguo Wei
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Man Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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11
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Liang KL, Laurenti E, Taghon T. Circulating IRF8-expressing CD123 +CD127 + lymphoid progenitors: key players in human hematopoiesis. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:678-692. [PMID: 37591714 PMCID: PMC7614993 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Lymphopoiesis is the process in which B and T cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) develop from hematopoietic progenitors that exhibit early lymphoid priming. The branching points where lymphoid-primed human progenitors are further specified to B/T/ILC differentiation trajectories remain unclear. Here, we discuss the emerging role of interferon regulatory factor (IRF)8 as a key factor to bridge human lymphoid and dendritic cell (DC) differentiation, and the current evidence for the existence of circulating and tissue-resident CD123+CD127+ lymphoid progenitors. We propose a model whereby DC/B/T/ILC lineage programs in circulating CD123+CD127+ lymphoid progenitors are expressed in balance. Upon tissue seeding, the tissue microenvironment tilts this molecular balance towards a specific lineage, thereby determining in vivo lineage fates. Finally, we discuss the translational implication of these lymphoid precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ling Liang
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elisa Laurenti
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom Taghon
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
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12
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Hartung EE, Singh K, Berg T. LSD1 inhibition modulates transcription factor networks in myeloid malignancies. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1149754. [PMID: 36969082 PMCID: PMC10036816 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1149754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a type of cancer of the blood system that is characterized by an accumulation of immature hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and blood. Its pathogenesis is characterized by an increase in self-renewal and block in differentiation in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Underlying its pathogenesis is the acquisition of mutations in these cells. As there are many different mutations found in AML that can occur in different combinations the disease is very heterogeneous. There has been some progress in the treatment of AML through the introduction of targeted therapies and a broader application of the stem cell transplantation in its treatment. However, many mutations found in AML are still lacking defined interventions. These are in particular mutations and dysregulation in important myeloid transcription factors and epigenetic regulators that also play a crucial role in normal hematopoietic differentiation. While a direct targeting of the partial loss-of-function or change in function observed in these factors is very difficult to imagine, recent data suggests that the inhibition of LSD1, an important epigenetic regulator, can modulate interactions in the network of myeloid transcription factors and restore differentiation in AML. Interestingly, the impact of LSD1 inhibition in this regard is quite different between normal and malignant hematopoiesis. The effect of LSD1 inhibition involves transcription factors that directly interact with LSD1 such as GFI1 and GFI1B, but also transcription factors that bind to enhancers that are modulated by LSD1 such as PU.1 and C/EBPα as well as transcription factors that are regulated downstream of LSD1 such as IRF8. In this review, we are summarizing the current literature on the impact of LSD1 modulation in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells and the current knowledge how the involved transcription factor networks are altered. We are also exploring how these modulation of transcription factors play into the rational selection of combination partners with LSD1 inhibitors, which is an intense area of clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Hartung
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kanwaldeep Singh
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tobias Berg
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Escarpment Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Tobias Berg,
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13
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The early neutrophil-committed progenitors aberrantly differentiate into immunoregulatory monocytes during emergency myelopoiesis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112165. [PMID: 36862552 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory stimuli cause a state of emergency myelopoiesis leading to neutrophil-like monocyte expansion. However, their function, the committed precursors, or growth factors remain elusive. In this study we find that Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes, an immunoregulatory entity of neutrophil-like monocytes, arise from progenitors of neutrophil 1 (proNeu1). Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) favors the production of neutrophil-like monocytes through previously unknown CD81+CX3CR1lo monocyte precursors. GFI1 promotes the differentiation of proNeu2 from proNeu1 at the cost of producing neutrophil-like monocytes. The human counterpart of neutrophil-like monocytes that also expands in response to G-CSF is found in CD14+CD16- monocyte fraction. The human neutrophil-like monocytes are discriminated from CD14+CD16- classical monocytes by CXCR1 expression and the capacity to suppress T cell proliferation. Collectively, our findings suggest that the aberrant expansion of neutrophil-like monocytes under inflammatory conditions is a process conserved between mouse and human, which may be beneficial for the resolution of inflammation.
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14
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Christofides A, Katopodi XL, Cao C, Karagkouni D, Aliazis K, Yenyuwadee S, Aksoylar HI, Pal R, Mahmoud MAA, Strauss L, Tijaro-Ovalle NM, Boon L, Asara J, Vlachos IS, Patsoukis N, Boussiotis VA. SHP-2 and PD-1-SHP-2 signaling regulate myeloid cell differentiation and antitumor responses. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:55-68. [PMID: 36581713 PMCID: PMC9810534 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory receptor PD-1 suppresses T cell activation by recruiting the phosphatase SHP-2. However, mice with a T-cell-specific deletion of SHP-2 do not have improved antitumor immunity. Here we showed that mice with conditional targeting of SHP-2 in myeloid cells, but not in T cells, had diminished tumor growth. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) followed by gene set enrichment analysis indicated the presence of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) with enriched gene expression profiles of enhanced differentiation, activation and expression of immunostimulatory molecules. In mice with conditional targeting of PD-1 in myeloid cells, which also displayed diminished tumor growth, TAMs had gene expression profiles enriched for myeloid differentiation, activation and leukocyte-mediated immunity displaying >50% overlap with enriched profiles of SHP-2-deficient TAMs. In bone marrow, GM-CSF induced the phosphorylation of PD-1 and recruitment of PD-1-SHP-2 to the GM-CSF receptor. Deletion of SHP-2 or PD-1 enhanced GM-CSF-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription factors HOXA10 and IRF8, which regulate myeloid differentiation and monocytic-moDC lineage commitment, respectively. Thus, SHP-2 and PD-1-SHP-2 signaling restrained myelocyte differentiation resulting in a myeloid landscape that suppressed antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthos Christofides
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xanthi-Lida Katopodi
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carol Cao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard College, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dimitra Karagkouni
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Konstantinos Aliazis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sasitorn Yenyuwadee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Halil-Ibrahim Aksoylar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rinku Pal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohamed A A Mahmoud
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Heidelberg University, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Strauss
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Sanofi /Tidal, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Natalia M Tijaro-Ovalle
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - John Asara
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ioannis S Vlachos
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolaos Patsoukis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vassiliki A Boussiotis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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15
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Zhang S, Rautela J, Bediaga NG, Kolesnik TB, You Y, Nie J, Dagley LF, Bedo J, Wang H, Sun L, Sutherland R, Surgenor E, Iannarella N, Allan R, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Xie Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Nutt SL, Lew AM, Huntington ND, Nicholson SE, Chopin M, Zhan Y. CIS controls the functional polarization of GM-CSF-derived macrophages. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:65-79. [PMID: 36471114 PMCID: PMC9794780 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00957-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) possesses the capacity to differentiate monocytes into macrophages (MØs) with opposing functions, namely, proinflammatory M1-like MØs and immunosuppressive M2-like MØs. Despite the importance of these opposing biological outcomes, the intrinsic mechanism that regulates the functional polarization of MØs under GM-CSF signaling remains elusive. Here, we showed that GM-CSF-induced MØ polarization resulted in the expression of cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CIS) and that CIS deficiency skewed the differentiation of monocytes toward immunosuppressive M2-like MØs. CIS deficiency resulted in hyperactivation of the JAK-STAT5 signaling pathway, consequently promoting downregulation of the transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8). Loss- and gain-of-function approaches highlighted IRF8 as a critical regulator of the M1-like polarization program. In vivo, CIS deficiency induced the differentiation of M2-like macrophages, which promoted strong Th2 immune responses characterized by the development of severe experimental asthma. Collectively, our results reveal a CIS-modulated mechanism that clarifies the opposing actions of GM-CSF in MØ differentiation and uncovers the role of GM-CSF in controlling allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Zhang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jai Rautela
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd, Moonee Ponds, VIC, Australia
| | - Naiara G Bediaga
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tatiana B Kolesnik
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yue You
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Junli Nie
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura F Dagley
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Justin Bedo
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hanqing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Sun
- College of Biological Science, Anhui Normal University, Hefei, China
| | - Robyn Sutherland
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Elliot Surgenor
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nadia Iannarella
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhys Allan
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yi Xie
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Duke, Singapore
| | - Qike Wang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuekang Xu
- College of Biological Science, Anhui Normal University, Hefei, China
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M Lew
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas D Huntington
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd, Moonee Ponds, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra E Nicholson
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michaël Chopin
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Yifan Zhan
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Drug Discovery, Shanghai Huaota Biopharm, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Bayik D, Bartels CF, Lovrenert K, Watson DC, Zhang D, Kay K, Lee J, Lauko A, Johnson S, Lo A, Silver DJ, McGraw M, Grabowski M, Mohammadi AM, Veglia F, Fan Y, Vogelbaum MA, Scacheri P, Lathia JD. Distinct Cell Adhesion Signature Defines Glioblastoma Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Subsets. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4274-4287. [PMID: 36126163 PMCID: PMC9664137 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In multiple types of cancer, an increased frequency in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is associated with worse outcomes and poor therapeutic response. In the glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment, monocytic (m) MDSCs represent the predominant subset. However, the molecular basis of mMDSC enrichment in the tumor microenvironment compared with granulocytic (g) MDSCs has yet to be determined. Here we performed the first broad epigenetic profiling of MDSC subsets to define underlying cell-intrinsic differences in behavior and found that enhanced gene accessibility of cell adhesion programs in mMDSCs is linked to their tumor-accelerating ability in GBM models upon adoptive transfer. Mouse and human mMDSCs expressed higher levels of integrin β1 and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) compared with gMDSCs as part of an enhanced cell adhesion signature. Integrin β1 blockade abrogated the tumor-promoting phenotype of mMDSCs and altered the immune profile in the tumor microenvironment, whereas treatment with a DPP-4 inhibitor extended survival in preclinical GBM models. Targeting DPP-4 in mMDSCs reduced pERK signaling and their migration towards tumor cells. These findings uncover a fundamental difference in the molecular basis of MDSC subsets and suggest that integrin β1 and DPP-4 represent putative immunotherapy targets to attenuate myeloid cell-driven immune suppression in GBM. SIGNIFICANCE Epigenetic profiling uncovers cell adhesion programming as a regulator of the tumor-promoting functions of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in glioblastoma, identifying therapeutic targets that modulate the immune response and suppress tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defne Bayik
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Cynthia F. Bartels
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Katreya Lovrenert
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dionysios C. Watson
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristen Kay
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Juyeun Lee
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Adam Lauko
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Case Western Reserve University, Medical Science Training Program, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Alice Lo
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Daniel J. Silver
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mary McGraw
- Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor Center, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | | | | | - Filippo Veglia
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Peter Scacheri
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justin D. Lathia
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
- Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor Center, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
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17
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Dendritic Cells: The Long and Evolving Road towards Successful Targetability in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193028. [PMID: 36230990 PMCID: PMC9563837 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a unique myeloid cell lineage that play a central role in the priming of the adaptive immune response. As such, they are an attractive target for immune oncology based therapeutic approaches. However, targeting these cells has proven challenging with many studies proving inconclusive or of no benefit in a clinical trial setting. In this review, we highlight the known and unknown about this rare but powerful immune cell. As technologies have expanded our understanding of the complexity of DC development, subsets and response features, we are now left to apply this knowledge to the design of new therapeutic strategies in cancer. We propose that utilization of these technologies through a multiomics approach will allow for an improved directed targeting of DCs in a clinical trial setting. In addition, the DC research community should consider a consensus on subset nomenclature to distinguish new subsets from functional or phenotypic changes in response to their environment.
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18
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IRF8: Mechanism of Action and Health Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172630. [PMID: 36078039 PMCID: PMC9454819 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is a transcription factor of the IRF protein family. IRF8 was originally identified as an essentialfactor for myeloid cell lineage commitment and differentiation. Deletion of Irf8 leads to massive accumulation of CD11b+Gr1+ immature myeloid cells (IMCs), particularly the CD11b+Ly6Chi/+Ly6G− polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cell-like cells (PMN-MDSCs). Under pathological conditions such as cancer, Irf8 is silenced by its promoter DNA hypermethylation, resulting in accumulation of PMN-MDSCs and CD11b+ Ly6G+Ly6Clo monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) in mice. IRF8 is often silenced in MDSCs in human cancer patients. MDSCs are heterogeneous populations of immune suppressive cells that suppress T and NK cell activity to promote tumor immune evasion and produce growth factors to exert direct tumor-promoting activity. Emerging experimental data reveals that IRF8 is also expressed in non-hematopoietic cells. Epithelial cell-expressed IRF8 regulates apoptosis and represses Osteopontin (OPN). Human tumor cells may use the IRF8 promoter DNA methylation as a mechanism to repress IRF8 expression to advance cancer through acquiring apoptosis resistance and OPN up-regulation. Elevated OPN engages CD44 to suppress T cell activation and promote tumor cell stemness to advance cancer. IRF8 thus is a transcription factor that regulates both the immune and non-immune components in human health and diseases.
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19
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Chromatin structure undergoes global and local reorganization during murine dendritic cell development and activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2207009119. [PMID: 35969760 PMCID: PMC9407307 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207009119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) are essential for immune responses and differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells via intermediate progenitors, such as monocyte-DC progenitors (MDPs) and common DC progenitors (CDPs). Upon infection, cDCs are activated and rapidly express host defense-related genes, such as those encoding cytokines and chemokines. Chromatin structures, including nuclear compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs), have been implicated in gene regulation. However, the extent and dynamics of their reorganization during cDC development and activation remain unknown. In this study, we comprehensively determined higher-order chromatin structures by Hi-C in DC progenitors and cDC subpopulations. During cDC differentiation, chromatin activation was initially induced at the MDP stage. Subsequently, a shift from inactive to active nuclear compartments occurred at the cDC gene loci in CDPs, which was followed by increased intra-TAD interactions and loop formation. Mechanistically, the transcription factor IRF8, indispensable for cDC differentiation, mediated chromatin activation and changes into the active compartments in DC progenitors, thereby possibly leading to cDC-specific gene induction. Using an infection model, we found that the chromatin structures of host defense-related gene loci were preestablished in unstimulated cDCs, indicating that the formation of higher-order chromatin structures prior to infection may contribute to the rapid responses to pathogens. Overall, these results suggest that chromatin structure reorganization is closely related to the establishment of cDC-specific gene expression and immune functions. This study advances the fundamental understanding of chromatin reorganization in cDC differentiation and activation.
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20
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Dong Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Pan X, Bai J, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Lai Z, Chen Q, Hu S, Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Ma F. Dissecting the process of human neutrophil lineage determination by using alpha-lipoic acid inducing neutrophil deficiency model. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102392. [PMID: 35797799 PMCID: PMC9287745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs) differentiate into both neutrophils and monocytes. Recently, uni-potential neutrophil progenitors have been identified both in mice and humans using an array of surface markers. However, how human GMPs commit to neutrophil progenitors and the regulatory mechanisms of fate determination remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we established a human neutrophil deficiency model using the small molecule alpha-lipoic acid. Using this neutrophil deficiency model, we determined that the neutrophil progenitor commitment process from CD371+ CD115– GMPs defined by CD34 and CD15 and discovered that critical signals generated by RNA splicing and rRNA biogenesis regulate the process of early commitment for human early neutrophil progenitors derived from CD371+ CD115– GMPs. These processes were elucidated by single-cell RNA sequencing both in vitro and in vivo derived cells. Sequentially, we identified that the transcription factor ELK1 is essential for human neutrophil lineage commitment using the alpha-lipoic acid (ALA)-inducing neutrophil deficiency model. Finally, we also revealed differential roles for long-ELK1 and short-ELK1, balanced by SF3B1, in the commitment process of neutrophil progenitors. Taken together, we discovered a novel function of ALA in regulating neutrophil lineage specification and identified that the SF3B1-ELK axis regulates the commitment of human neutrophil progenitors from CD371+ CD115– GMPs. ALA completely blocks the differentiation of human neutrophils derived from CD34+ stem cells in ex-vivo culture. CD34 and CD15 could be used to define the early differentiation stages of human neutrophil lineage determination. SF3B1-ELK1 signal axis regulates human neutrophil lineage determination.
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21
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Overbeeke C, Tak T, Koenderman L. The journey of neutropoiesis: how complex landscapes in bone marrow guide continuous neutrophil lineage determination. Blood 2022; 139:2285-2293. [PMID: 34986245 PMCID: PMC11022826 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell, and they differentiate in homeostasis in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) via multiple intermediate progenitor cells into mature cells that enter the circulation. Recent findings support a continuous model of differentiation in the bone marrow of heterogeneous HSCs and progenitor populations. Cell fate decisions at the levels of proliferation and differentiation are enforced through expression of lineage-determining transcription factors and their interactions, which are influenced by intrinsic (intracellular) and extrinsic (extracellular) mechanisms. Neutrophil homeostasis is subjected to positive-feedback loops, stemming from the gut microbiome, as well as negative-feedback loops resulting from the clearance of apoptotic neutrophils by mature macrophages. Finally, the cellular kinetics regarding the replenishing of the mature neutrophil pool is discussed in light of recent contradictory data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Overbeeke
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tamar Tak
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leo Koenderman
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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McQuaid DC, Panse G, Wang WL, Pinkus GS, Katz SG, Xu ML. Global assessment of IRF8 as a novel cancer biomarker. Hum Pathol 2022; 122:1-10. [PMID: 35085599 PMCID: PMC10621657 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is a member of the IRF family that is specific to the hematopoietic cell and is involved in regulating the development of human monocytic and dendritic-lineage cells, as well as B-cells. Because its utility as a sensitive and specific monoblast marker in the context of acute monocytic leukemias has been recently demonstrated, we hypothesized that it may also be useful as a novel immunohistochemical marker in myeloid sarcomas and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasms (BPDCNs) with respect to their differential diagnoses. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the IHC expression pattern of IRF8 in 385 patient samples across 30 types of cancers, referenced to their mRNA expression data available through The Cancer Genome Atlas. In addition, we assessed IRF8 in 35 myeloid sarcomas and 15 BPDCNs. Twenty-four of 35 cases of myeloid sarcomas (68.5%) showed positivity for IRF8, with six cases (17.1%) demonstrating IRF8 expression in the absence of CD34 and MPO. All 15 of 15 BPDCNs (100%) showed strong uniform expression of IRF8 and were occasionally more definitive than CD123. IRF8 was negative in all desmoplastic small round cell tumors, Ewing sarcomas, synovial sarcomas, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas, as well as all epithelial malignancies tested except for 2 triple negative breast cancers that showed subset weak staining. In conclusion, IRF8 is a novel marker helpful in identifying extranodal hematopoietic tumors that can otherwise be difficult to diagnose given the broad differential diagnoses and frequent loss of more common lineage-defining markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C McQuaid
- Department of Pathology, Yale New-Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Gauri Panse
- Department of Pathology, Yale New-Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Wei-Lien Wang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Geraldine S Pinkus
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Samuel G Katz
- Department of Pathology, Yale New-Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Mina L Xu
- Department of Pathology, Yale New-Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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23
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Hirahara L, Takase-Minegishi K, Kirino Y, Iizuka-Iribe Y, Soejima Y, Yoshimi R, Nakajima H. The Roles of Monocytes and Macrophages in Behçet’s Disease With Focus on M1 and M2 Polarization. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852297. [PMID: 35359926 PMCID: PMC8963421 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Behçet’s disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent oral ulcers, genital ulcers, cutaneous inflammation, and uveitis. In addition, other potentially life-threatening lesions may occur in the intestinal tract, blood vessels, and central nervous system. This heterogeneity of the BD phenotype hampers development of a targeted treatment strategy. The pathogenesis of BD is not fully elucidated, but it is likely that genetically susceptible people develop BD in response to environmental factors, such as microbiome factors. Genetic analyses have identified various BD susceptibility loci that function in HLA-antigen presentation pathways, Th1 and Th17 cells, and autoinflammation related to monocytes/macrophages, or that increase levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduce levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, or act in dysfunctional mucous barriers. Our functional analyses have revealed that impairment of M2 monocyte/macrophage-mediated anti-inflammatory function through IL-10 is crucial to BD pathogenesis. We, therefore, propose that BD is an M1-dominant disease. In this review, we describe the roles of monocytes and macrophages in BD and consider the potential of these cells as therapeutic targets.
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24
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Barak M, Fedorova V, Pospisilova V, Raska J, Vochyanova S, Sedmik J, Hribkova H, Klimova H, Vanova T, Bohaciakova D. Human iPSC-Derived Neural Models for Studying Alzheimer's Disease: from Neural Stem Cells to Cerebral Organoids. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:792-820. [PMID: 35107767 PMCID: PMC8930932 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10254-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
During the past two decades, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been widely used to study mechanisms of human neural development, disease modeling, and drug discovery in vitro. Especially in the field of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where this treatment is lacking, tremendous effort has been put into the investigation of molecular mechanisms behind this disease using induced pluripotent stem cell-based models. Numerous of these studies have found either novel regulatory mechanisms that could be exploited to develop relevant drugs for AD treatment or have already tested small molecules on in vitro cultures, directly demonstrating their effect on amelioration of AD-associated pathology. This review thus summarizes currently used differentiation strategies of induced pluripotent stem cells towards neuronal and glial cell types and cerebral organoids and their utilization in modeling AD and potential drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Barak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Fedorova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Pospisilova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Raska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Vochyanova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Sedmik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hribkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Klimova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Vanova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dasa Bohaciakova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
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25
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Kesper C, Viestenz A, Wiese-Rischke C, Scheller M, Hammer T. Impact of the transcription factor IRF8 on limbal epithelial progenitor cells in a mouse model. Exp Eye Res 2022; 218:108985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Ahmed N, Etzrodt M, Dettinger P, Kull T, Loeffler D, Hoppe PS, Chavez JS, Zhang Y, Camargo Ortega G, Hilsenbeck O, Nakajima H, Pietras EM, Schroeder T. Blood stem cell PU.1 upregulation is a consequence of differentiation without fast autoregulation. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20202490. [PMID: 34817548 PMCID: PMC8624737 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate cell fates, and their expression must be tightly regulated. Autoregulation is assumed to regulate many TFs' own expression to control cell fates. Here, we manipulate and quantify the (auto)regulation of PU.1, a TF controlling hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), and correlate it to their future fates. We generate transgenic mice allowing both inducible activation of PU.1 and noninvasive quantification of endogenous PU.1 protein expression. The quantified HSPC PU.1 dynamics show that PU.1 up-regulation occurs as a consequence of hematopoietic differentiation independently of direct fast autoregulation. In contrast, inflammatory signaling induces fast PU.1 up-regulation, which does not require PU.1 expression or its binding to its own autoregulatory enhancer. However, the increased PU.1 levels induced by inflammatory signaling cannot be sustained via autoregulation after removal of the signaling stimulus. We conclude that PU.1 overexpression induces HSC differentiation before PU.1 up-regulation, only later generating cell types with intrinsically higher PU.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouraiz Ahmed
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Etzrodt
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philip Dettinger
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kull
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Loeffler
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp S. Hoppe
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - James S. Chavez
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Germán Camargo Ortega
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Hilsenbeck
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eric M. Pietras
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Timm Schroeder
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
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27
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Murphy TL, Murphy KM. Dendritic cells in cancer immunology. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:3-13. [PMID: 34480145 PMCID: PMC8752832 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical success of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) has produced explosive growth in tumor immunology research because ICT was discovered through basic studies of immune regulation. Much of the current translational efforts are aimed at enhancing ICT by identifying therapeutic targets that synergize with CTLA4 or PD1/PD-L1 blockade and are solidly developed on the basis of currently accepted principles. Expanding these principles through continuous basic research may help broaden translational efforts. With this mindset, we focused this review on three threads of basic research directly relating to mechanisms underlying ICT. Specifically, this review covers three aspects of dendritic cell (DC) biology connected with antitumor immune responses but are not specifically oriented toward therapeutic use. First, we review recent advances in the development of the cDC1 subset of DCs, identifying important features distinguishing these cells from other types of DCs. Second, we review the antigen-processing pathway called cross-presentation, which was discovered in the mid-1970s and remains an enigma. This pathway serves an essential in vivo function unique to cDC1s and may be both a physiologic bottleneck and therapeutic target. Finally, we review the longstanding field of helper cells and the related area of DC licensing, in which CD4 T cells influence the strength or quality of CD8 T cell responses. Each topic is connected with ICT in some manner but is also a fundamental aspect of cell-mediated immunity directed toward intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa L. Murphy
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Kenneth M. Murphy
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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28
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Malengier-Devlies B, Metzemaekers M, Wouters C, Proost P, Matthys P. Neutrophil Homeostasis and Emergency Granulopoiesis: The Example of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:766620. [PMID: 34966386 PMCID: PMC8710701 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are key pathogen exterminators of the innate immune system endowed with oxidative and non-oxidative defense mechanisms. More recently, a more complex role for neutrophils as decision shaping cells that instruct other leukocytes to fine-tune innate and adaptive immune responses has come into view. Under homeostatic conditions, neutrophils are short-lived cells that are continuously released from the bone marrow. Their development starts with undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells that pass through different immature subtypes to eventually become fully equipped, mature neutrophils capable of launching fast and robust immune responses. During severe (systemic) inflammation, there is an increased need for neutrophils. The hematopoietic system rapidly adapts to this increased demand by switching from steady-state blood cell production to emergency granulopoiesis. During emergency granulopoiesis, the de novo production of neutrophils by the bone marrow and at extramedullary sites is augmented, while additional mature neutrophils are rapidly released from the marginated pools. Although neutrophils are indispensable for host protection against microorganisms, excessive activation causes tissue damage in neutrophil-rich diseases. Therefore, tight regulation of neutrophil homeostasis is imperative. In this review, we discuss the kinetics of neutrophil ontogenesis in homeostatic conditions and during emergency myelopoiesis and provide an overview of the different molecular players involved in this regulation. We substantiate this review with the example of an autoinflammatory disease, i.e. systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Malengier-Devlies
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Metzemaekers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) at University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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29
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Dang D, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Li H, Wang Y, Wu H. Identification of a novel IRF8 homozygous mutation causing neutrophilia, monocytopenia and fatal infection in a female neonate. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 96:105121. [PMID: 34666172 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) result from mutations in genes involved in host immune defense and immune regulation. Herein, we report the identification of a novel IRF8 mutation in a neonate with an IEI. DNA samples from both the neonate and her parents were subjected to DNA sequencing, and the immune status of the patient was assessed. We identified a mutation (c.331C > T, p. Arg111*) in the interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) gene that manifested as sever dysfunctional neutrophilia (96.53 × 109/l) and monocytopenia (0.02 × 109/l). The patient's CD3+ T cell and CD8+ T cell counts were decreased. Her levels of IFN-γ were low even during severe infection. The mRNA expression levels of IRF8 were lower than normal. Her clinical manifestations included a recurrent and progressively fatal infection. Since IRF8 plays a key role in the differentiation and development of immune cells, we suspected that the novel mutation (c.331C > T, p. Arg111*) may be consistent with a severe loss of IRF8 function and result in a failure of immune cells to differentiate and maturation, and lead to a severe infection with early onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Dang
- Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Research Institute of pediatrics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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30
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Chiaranunt P, Tai SL, Ngai L, Mortha A. Beyond Immunity: Underappreciated Functions of Intestinal Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:749708. [PMID: 34650568 PMCID: PMC8506163 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.749708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract hosts the largest compartment of macrophages in the body, where they serve as mediators of host defense and immunity. Seeded in the complex tissue-environment of the gut, an array of both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells forms their immediate neighborhood. Emerging data demonstrate that the functional diversity of intestinal macrophages reaches beyond classical immunity and includes underappreciated non-immune functions. In this review, we discuss recent advances in research on intestinal macrophage heterogeneity, with a particular focus on how non-immune functions of macrophages impact tissue homeostasis and function. We delve into the strategic localization of distinct gut macrophage populations, describe the potential factors that regulate their identity and functional heterogeneity within these locations, and provide open questions that we hope will inspire research dedicated to elucidating a holistic view on macrophage-tissue cell interactions in the body's largest mucosal organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pailin Chiaranunt
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Siu Ling Tai
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Louis Ngai
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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31
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Li D, Zhang Y, Qiu Q, Wang J, Zhao X, Jiao B, Zhang X, Yu S, Xu P, Dan Y, Xiao X, Wang P, Liu M, Xia Z, Huang Z, Zhang R, Li J, Xie X, Zhang Y, Liu C, Liu P, Ren R. IRF8 Impacts Self-Renewal of Hematopoietic Stem Cells by Regulating TLR9 Signaling Pathway of Innate Immune Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101031. [PMID: 34365741 PMCID: PMC8498865 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
IRF8 is a key regulator of innate immunity receptor signaling and plays diverse functions in the development of hematopoietic cells. The effects of IRF8 on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are still unknown. Here, it is demonstrated that IRF8 deficiency results in a decreased number of long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs) in mice. However, the repopulation capacity of individual HSCs is significantly increased. Transcriptomic analysis shows that IFN-γ and IFN-α signaling is downregulated in IRF8-deficient HSCs, while their response to proinflammatory cytokines is unchanged ex vivo. Further tests show that Irf8-/- HSCs can not respond to CpG, an agonist of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in mice, while long-term CpG stimulation increases wild-type HSC abundance and decreases their bone marrow colony-forming capacity. Mechanistically, as the primary producer of proinflammatory cytokines in response to CpG stimulation, dendritic cells has a blocked TLR9 signaling due to developmental defect in Irf8-/- mice. Macrophages remain functionally intact but severely reduce in Irf8-/- mice. In NK cells, IRF8 directly regulates the expression of Tlr9 and its deficiency leads to no increased IFNγ production upon CpG stimulation. These results indicate that IRF8 regulates HSCs, at least in part, through controlling TLR9 signaling in diverse innate immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghe Li
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Yuyin Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Qingsong Qiu
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Jinzeng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Xuemei Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Shanhe Yu
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Yuqing Dan
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Peihong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Zhizhou Xia
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Zhangsen Huang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Jiaoyang Li
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Xi Xie
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Chenxuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Ping Liu
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
| | - Ruibao Ren
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory for Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineInternational Center for Aging and CancerCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200025China
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32
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Compromised anti-tumor-immune features of myeloid cell components in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18046. [PMID: 34508131 PMCID: PMC8433374 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97371-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a form of myeloproliferative neoplasm caused by the oncogenic tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL. Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors have dramatically improved the prognosis of patients with CML, several problems such as resistance and recurrence still exist. Immunological control may contribute to solving these problems, and it is important to understand why CML patients fail to spontaneously develop anti-tumor immunity. Here, we show that differentiation of conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), which are vital for anti-tumor immunity, is restricted from an early stage of hematopoiesis in CML. In addition, we found that monocytes and basophils, which are increased in CML patients, express high levels of PD-L1, an immune checkpoint molecule that inhibits T cell responses. Moreover, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that basophils express genes related to poor prognosis in CML. Our data suggest that BCR-ABL not only disrupts the “accelerator” (i.e., cDCs) but also applies the “brake” (i.e., monocytes and basophils) of anti-tumor immunity, compromising the defense against CML cells.
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33
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França TT, Al-Sbiei A, Bashir G, Mohamed YA, Salgado RC, Barreiros LA, Maria da Silva Napoleão S, Weber CW, Fernandes Severo Ferreira J, Aranda CS, Prando C, de Barros Dorna MB, Jurisica I, Fernandez-Cabezudo MJ, Ochs HD, Condino-Neto A, Al-Ramadi BK, Cabral-Marques O. CD40L modulates transcriptional signatures of neutrophils in the bone marrow associated with development and trafficking. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e148652. [PMID: 34255742 PMCID: PMC8410015 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are produced in the BM in a process called granulopoiesis, in which progenitor cells sequentially develop into mature neutrophils. During the developmental process, which is finely regulated by distinct transcription factors, neutrophils acquire the ability to exit the BM, properly distribute throughout the body, and migrate to infection sites. Previous studies have demonstrated that CD40 ligand (CD40L) influences hematopoiesis and granulopoiesis. Here, we investigate the effect of CD40L on neutrophil development and trafficking by performing functional and transcriptome analyses. We found that CD40L signaling plays an essential role in the early stages of neutrophil generation and development in the BM. Moreover, CD40L modulates transcriptional signatures, indicating that this molecule enables neutrophils to traffic throughout the body and to migrate in response to inflammatory signals. Thus, our study provides insights into the complex relationships between CD40L signaling and granulopoiesis, and it suggests a potentially novel and nonredundant role of CD40L signaling in neutrophil development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tábata Takahashi França
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ashraf Al-Sbiei
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghada Bashir
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yassir Awad Mohamed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ranieri Coelho Salgado
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucila Akune Barreiros
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina Worm Weber
- Pediatric Allergy & Immunology Clinic, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Sanchez Aranda
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Prando
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Pelé Pequeno Principe Research Intitute, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Hospital Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mayra B de Barros Dorna
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontaro, Canada.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maria J Fernandez-Cabezudo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hans D Ochs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Basel K Al-Ramadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Otavio Cabral-Marques
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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34
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Patel A, Oba T, Kajihara R, Yokoi T, Abrams SI, Ito F. Multimodal Intralesional Therapy for Reshaping the Myeloid Compartment of Tumors Resistant to Anti-PD-L1 Therapy via IRF8 Expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1298-1309. [PMID: 34362833 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Intralesional therapy is a promising approach for remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment while minimizing systemic toxicities. A combinatorial in situ immunomodulation (ISIM) regimen with intratumoral administration of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), local irradiation, and TLR3/CD40 stimulation induces and activates conventional type 1 dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment and elicits de novo adaptive T cell immunity in poorly T cell-inflamed tumors. However, the impact of ISIM on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which may promote treatment resistance, remains unknown. In this study, we examined changes in the frequencies and heterogeneity of CD11b+Ly-6CloLy-6G+ polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs and CD11b+Ly-6ChiLy-6G- monocytic (M)-MDSCs in ISIM-treated tumors using mouse models of triple-negative breast cancer. We found that ISIM treatment decreased intratumoral PMN-MDSCs, but not M-MDSCs. Although the frequency of M-MDSCs remained unchanged, ISIM caused a substantial reduction of CX3CR1+ M-MDSCs that express F4/80. Importantly, these ISIM-induced changes in tumor-residing MDSCs were not observed in Batf3-/- mice. ISIM upregulated PD-L1 expression in both M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs and synergized with anti-PD-L1 therapy. Furthermore, ISIM increased the expression of IFN regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) in myeloid cells, a known negative regulator of MDSCs, indicating a potential mechanism by which ISIM decreases PMN-MDSC levels. Accordingly, ISIM-mediated reduction of PMN-MDSCs was not observed in mice with conditional deletion of IRF8 in myeloid cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that ISIM holds promise as a multimodal intralesional therapy to alter both lymphoid and myeloid compartments of highly aggressive poorly T cell-inflamed, myeloid-enriched tumors resistant to anti-PD-L1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Patel
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Takaaki Oba
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Ryutaro Kajihara
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Toshihiro Yokoi
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY; and
| | - Fumito Ito
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY; .,Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY.,Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY; and.,Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
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35
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Lösslein AK, Lohrmann F, Scheuermann L, Gharun K, Neuber J, Kolter J, Forde AJ, Kleimeyer C, Poh YY, Mack M, Triantafyllopoulou A, Dunlap MD, Khader SA, Seidl M, Hölscher A, Hölscher C, Guan XL, Dorhoi A, Henneke P. Monocyte progenitors give rise to multinucleated giant cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2027. [PMID: 33795674 PMCID: PMC8016882 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune response to mycobacteria is characterized by granuloma formation, which features multinucleated giant cells as a unique macrophage type. We previously found that multinucleated giant cells result from Toll-like receptor-induced DNA damage and cell autonomous cell cycle modifications. However, the giant cell progenitor identity remained unclear. Here, we show that the giant cell-forming potential is a particular trait of monocyte progenitors. Common monocyte progenitors potently produce cytokines in response to mycobacteria and their immune-active molecules. In addition, common monocyte progenitors accumulate cholesterol and lipids, which are prerequisites for giant cell transformation. Inducible monocyte progenitors are so far undescribed circulating common monocyte progenitor descendants with high giant cell-forming potential. Monocyte progenitors are induced in mycobacterial infections and localize to granulomas. Accordingly, they exhibit important immunological functions in mycobacterial infections. Moreover, their signature trait of high cholesterol metabolism may be piggy-backed by mycobacteria to create a permissive niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kathrin Lösslein
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- MOTI-VATE Graduate School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florens Lohrmann
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School for Biology and Medicine (SGBM) and IMM-PACT Clinician Scientist Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Kourosh Gharun
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jana Neuber
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Kolter
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aaron James Forde
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Kleimeyer
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ying Yee Poh
- Nanyang Technological University, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthias Mack
- University Hospital Regensburg, Internal Medicine II, Nephrology, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Antigoni Triantafyllopoulou
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Rheumatism Research Centre Berlin, Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Micah D Dunlap
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shabaana A Khader
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maximilian Seidl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency and Institute for Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany and Institute of Pathology, Heinrich Heine University and University Hospital of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Hölscher
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, Borstel, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Xue Li Guan
- Nanyang Technological University, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anca Dorhoi
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Insel Riems, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Philipp Henneke
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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36
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Kiefer KC, Cremer S, Pardali E, Assmus B, Abou-El-Ardat K, Kirschbaum K, Dorsheimer L, Rasper T, Berkowitsch A, Serve H, Dimmeler S, Zeiher AM, Rieger MA. Full spectrum of clonal haematopoiesis-driver mutations in chronic heart failure and their associations with mortality. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:1873-1884. [PMID: 33779075 PMCID: PMC8120376 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Somatic mutations in haematopoietic stem cells can lead to the clonal expansion of mutated blood cells, known as clonal haematopoiesis (CH). Mutations in the most prevalent driver genes DNMT3A and TET2 with a variant allele frequency (VAF) ≥ 2% have been associated with atherosclerosis and chronic heart failure of ischemic origin (CHF). However, the effects of mutations in other driver genes for CH with low VAF (<2%) on CHF are still unknown. Methods and results Therefore, we analysed mononuclear bone marrow and blood cells from 399 CHF patients by deep error‐corrected targeted sequencing of 56 genes and associated mutations with the long‐term mortality in these patients (3.95 years median follow‐up). We detected 1113 mutations with a VAF ≥ 0.5% in 347 of 399 patients, and only 13% had no detectable CH. Despite a high prevalence of mutations in the most frequently mutated genes DNMT3A (165 patients) and TET2 (107 patients), mutations in CBL, CEBPA, EZH2, GNB1, PHF6, SMC1A, and SRSF2 were associated with increased death compared with the average death rate of all patients. To avoid confounding effects, we excluded patients with DNMT3A‐related, TET2‐related, and other clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP)‐related mutations with a VAF ≥ 2% for further analyses. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses revealed a significantly higher mortality in patients with mutations in either of the seven genes (53 patients), combined as the CH‐risk gene set for CHF. Baseline patient characteristics showed no significant differences in any parameter including patient age, confounding diseases, severity of CHF, or blood cell parameters except for a reduced number of platelets in patients with mutations in the risk gene set in comparison with patients without. However, carrying a mutation in any of the risk genes remained significant after multivariate cox regression analysis (hazard ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.8–5.4; P < 0.001), whereas platelet numbers did not. Conclusions Somatic mutations with low VAF in a distinct set of genes, namely, in CBL, CEBPA, EZH2, GNB1, PHF6, SMC1A, and SRSF2, are significantly associated with mortality in CHF, independently of the most prevalent CHIP‐mutations in DNMT3A and TET2. Mutations in these genes are prevalent in young CHF patients and comprise an independent risk factor for the outcome of CHF, potentially providing a novel tool for risk assessment in CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina C Kiefer
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cremer
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin (partner site Frankfurt Rhine-Main), Frankurt, Germany
| | - Evangelia Pardali
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Birgit Assmus
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| | - Khalil Abou-El-Ardat
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klara Kirschbaum
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lena Dorsheimer
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tina Rasper
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Hubert Serve
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin (partner site Frankfurt Rhine-Main), Frankurt, Germany
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin (partner site Frankfurt Rhine-Main), Frankurt, Germany
| | - Michael A Rieger
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt, Germany
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37
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Murakami K, Sasaki H, Nishiyama A, Kurotaki D, Kawase W, Ban T, Nakabayashi J, Kanzaki S, Sekita Y, Nakajima H, Ozato K, Kimura T, Tamura T. A RUNX-CBFβ-driven enhancer directs the Irf8 dose-dependent lineage choice between DCs and monocytes. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:301-311. [PMID: 33603226 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor IRF8 is essential for the development of monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs), whereas it inhibits neutrophilic differentiation. It is unclear how Irf8 expression is regulated and how this single transcription factor supports the generation of both monocytes and DCs. Here, we identified a RUNX-CBFβ-driven enhancer 56 kb downstream of the Irf8 transcription start site. Deletion of this enhancer in vivo significantly decreased Irf8 expression throughout the myeloid lineage from the progenitor stages, thus resulting in loss of common DC progenitors and overproduction of Ly6C+ monocytes. We demonstrated that high, low or null expression of IRF8 in hematopoietic progenitor cells promotes differentiation toward type 1 conventional DCs, Ly6C+ monocytes or neutrophils, respectively, via epigenetic regulation of distinct sets of enhancers in cooperation with other transcription factors. Our results illustrate the mechanism through which IRF8 controls the lineage choice in a dose-dependent manner within the myeloid cell system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Murakami
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Haruka Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Kurotaki
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Kawase
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Ban
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jun Nakabayashi
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoko Kanzaki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Kitasato University School of Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sekita
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Kitasato University School of Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Program in Genomics of Differentiation, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tohru Kimura
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Kitasato University School of Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan.
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38
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Anderson DA, Dutertre CA, Ginhoux F, Murphy KM. Genetic models of human and mouse dendritic cell development and function. Nat Rev Immunol 2021; 21:101-115. [PMID: 32908299 PMCID: PMC10955724 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-00413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) develop in the bone marrow from haematopoietic progenitors that have numerous shared characteristics between mice and humans. Human counterparts of mouse DC progenitors have been identified by their shared transcriptional signatures and developmental potential. New findings continue to revise models of DC ontogeny but it is well accepted that DCs can be divided into two main functional groups. Classical DCs include type 1 and type 2 subsets, which can detect different pathogens, produce specific cytokines and present antigens to polarize mainly naive CD8+ or CD4+ T cells, respectively. By contrast, the function of plasmacytoid DCs is largely innate and restricted to the detection of viral infections and the production of type I interferon. Here, we discuss genetic models of mouse DC development and function that have aided in correlating ontogeny with function, as well as how these findings can be translated to human DCs and their progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Anderson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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39
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Robinson A, Han CZ, Glass CK, Pollard JW. Monocyte Regulation in Homeostasis and Malignancy. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:104-119. [PMID: 33446416 PMCID: PMC7877795 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes are progenitors to macrophages and a subclass of dendritic cells (monocyte-derived dendritic cells, MoDCs), but they also act as circulating sensors that respond to environmental changes and disease. Technological advances have defined the production of classical monocytes in the bone marrow through the identification of lineage-determining transcription factors (LDTFs) and have proposed alternative routes of differentiation. Monocytes released into the circulation can be recruited to tissues by specific chemoattractants where they respond to sequential niche-specific signals that determine their differentiation into terminal effector cells. New aspects of monocyte biology in the circulation are being revealed, exemplified by the influence of cancer on the systemic alteration of monocyte subset abundance and transcriptional profiles. These changes can act to enhance the metastatic spread of primary cancers and may offer therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Robinson
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Claudia Z Han
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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40
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Asxl1 C-terminal mutation perturbs neutrophil differentiation in zebrafish. Leukemia 2021; 35:2299-2310. [PMID: 33483612 PMCID: PMC8324474 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
ASXL1 is one of the most frequently mutated genes in malignant myeloid diseases. In patients with myeloid malignancies, ASXL1 mutations are usually heterozygous frameshift or nonsense mutations leading to C-terminal truncation. Current disease models have predominantly total loss of ASXL1 or overexpressed C-terminal truncations. These models cannot fully recapitulate leukemogenesis and disease progression. We generated an endogenous C-terminal-truncated Asxl1 mutant in zebrafish that mimics human myeloid malignancies. At the embryonic stage, neutrophil differentiation was explicitly blocked. At 6 months, mutants initially exhibited a myelodysplastic syndrome-like phenotype with neutrophilic dysplasia. At 1 year, about 13% of mutants further acquired the phenotype of monocytosis, which mimics chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, or increased progenitors, which mimics acute myeloid leukemia. These features are comparable to myeloid malignancy progression in humans. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis, inhibitor treatment, and rescue assays indicated that asxl1-induced neutrophilic dysplasia was associated with reduced expression of bmi1a, a subunit of polycomb repressive complex 1 and a reported myeloid leukemia-associated gene. Our model demonstrated that neutrophilic dysplasia caused by asxl1 mutation is a foundation for the progression of myeloid malignancies, and illustrated a possible effect of the Asxl1-Bmi1a axis on regulating neutrophil development.
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41
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Das A, Wang X, Kang J, Coulter A, Shetty AC, Bachu M, Brooks SR, Dell'Orso S, Foster BL, Fan X, Ozato K, Somerman MJ, Thumbigere-Math V. Monocyte Subsets With High Osteoclastogenic Potential and Their Epigenetic Regulation Orchestrated by IRF8. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:199-214. [PMID: 32804442 PMCID: PMC8168257 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclasts (OCs) are bone-resorbing cells formed by the serial fusion of monocytes. In mice and humans, three distinct subsets of monocytes exist; however, it is unclear if all of them exhibit osteoclastogenic potential. Here we show that in wild-type (WT) mice, Ly6Chi and Ly6Cint monocytes are the primary source of OC formation when compared to Ly6C- monocytes. Their osteoclastogenic potential is dictated by increased expression of signaling receptors and activation of preestablished transcripts, as well as de novo gain in enhancer activity and promoter changes. In the absence of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), a transcription factor important for myelopoiesis and osteoclastogenesis, all three monocyte subsets are programmed to display higher osteoclastogenic potential. Enhanced NFATc1 nuclear translocation and amplified transcriptomic and epigenetic changes initiated at early developmental stages direct the increased osteoclastogenesis in Irf8-deficient mice. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into the transcription factors and active cis-regulatory elements that regulate OC differentiation. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitabh Das
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Laboratory of Oral and Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaobei Wang
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Laboratory of Oral and Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Kang
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alyssa Coulter
- Laboratory of Oral and Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amol C Shetty
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mahesh Bachu
- Molecular Genetics of Immunity Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, USA.,Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Dell'Orso
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian L Foster
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoxuan Fan
- Flow Cytometry Shared Service, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Molecular Genetics of Immunity Section, Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martha J Somerman
- Laboratory of Oral and Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vivek Thumbigere-Math
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Laboratory of Oral and Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), Bethesda, MD, USA
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42
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Developmental pathways of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in neoplasia. Cell Immunol 2020; 360:104261. [PMID: 33373817 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become a major weapon against the war on cancer. This has culminated from decades of seminal work that led to the discovery of innovative approaches to drive adaptive immunity. Notably, was the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitory receptors on T cells, and the subsequent development of monoclonal antibodies that target those receptors, known as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Blocking those receptors using ICIs leads to sustained effector function, which has translated to enhanced antitumor responses across multiple human cancer types. However, these treatments are effective in subsets of patients, implicating significant barriers limiting therapeutic potential. While numerous mechanisms may hinder immunotherapy potency, one prominent mechanism is the production of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). MDSCs comprise monocytic and granulocytic cell types and mediate pro-tumorigenic and immune suppressive activities. Here, we summarize several pathways by which MDSCs arise in cancer, providing a conceptual framework for identifying unique combination therapeutic interventions.
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Tsukasaki M, Huynh NCN, Okamoto K, Muro R, Terashima A, Kurikawa Y, Komatsu N, Pluemsakunthai W, Nitta T, Abe T, Kiyonari H, Okamura T, Sakai M, Matsukawa T, Matsumoto M, Kobayashi Y, Penninger JM, Takayanagi H. Stepwise cell fate decision pathways during osteoclastogenesis at single-cell resolution. Nat Metab 2020; 2:1382-1390. [PMID: 33288951 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are the exclusive bone-resorbing cells, playing a central role in bone metabolism, as well as the bone damage that occurs under pathological conditions1,2. In postnatal life, haematopoietic stem-cell-derived precursors give rise to osteoclasts in response to stimulation with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, both of which are produced by osteoclastogenesis-supporting cells such as osteoblasts and osteocytes1-3. However, the precise mechanisms underlying cell fate specification during osteoclast differentiation remain unclear. Here, we report the transcriptional profiling of 7,228 murine cells undergoing in vitro osteoclastogenesis, describing the stepwise events that take place during the osteoclast fate decision process. Based on our single-cell transcriptomic dataset, we find that osteoclast precursor cells transiently express CD11c, and deletion of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB specifically in CD11c-expressing cells inhibited osteoclast formation in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we identify Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator with Glu/Asp-rich carboxy-terminal domain 2 (Cited2) as the molecular switch triggering terminal differentiation of osteoclasts, and deletion of Cited2 in osteoclast precursors in vivo resulted in a failure to commit to osteoclast fate. Together, the results of this study provide a detailed molecular road map of the osteoclast differentiation process, refining and expanding our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Tsukasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Okamoto
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Muro
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Terashima
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kurikawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Komatsu
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Warunee Pluemsakunthai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nitta
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaya Abe
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamura
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mashito Sakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiya Matsukawa
- Department of Molecular Metabolic Regulation, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiro Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular Metabolic Regulation, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kobayashi
- Division of Hard Tissue Research, Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Josef M Penninger
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna, Austria
- Life Science Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Takayanagi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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44
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Impact of Porcine Arterivirus, Influenza B, and Their Coinfection on Antiviral Response in the Porcine Lung. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110934. [PMID: 33187194 PMCID: PMC7697066 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) cytokines induce an autonomous antiviral state in cells of the infected site to restrict virus spreading and critically regulate overall antiviral response. The antiviral state leads to host protection through expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes that restrict viral infection through multiple mechanisms, for example, directly in viral genome degradation and indirectly through cellular metabolic inhibition. Young pigs were split into four treatment groups: control, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV, also known as porcine arterivirus) infected, influenza B virus (IBV) infected, and IBV/PRRSV coinfection. Lung tissue was collected at 3, 5, and 7 days post infection (dpi) for control, PRRSV and IBV/PRRSV coinfection, and at 3 and 5 dpi for IBV. Transcriptomic analysis, using usegalaxy.org tools, was performed against the S.scrofa 11.1 reference genome. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was carried out using DeSeq2 based on the model treatment + dpi + treatment:dpi + E. Downstream analysis examined the interaction of DEG at each dpi for over-enriched gene ontology (G.O.) terms and pathways. Comparisons of the infected groups vs. the controls yielded a total of (n = 1412) DEGs for the PRRSV group and (n = 1578) for the IBV/PRRSV group across all timepoints. The IBV group had (n = 64) total DEGs across 3 and 5 dpi. Expression data were considered statistically significant based on false discovery rate (FDR) ⫹ 0.1. Venn diagram comparisons of the DEGs across dpi showed that groups shared only 16 DEGs at 3 dpi, no DEGs were shared at 5 dpi, and for 7 dpi, only the PRRSV and IBV/PRRSV groups were compared and shared a total of 43 DEGs. Across the comparisons, differential expression was observed in antiviral genes such as IRF1, MX1, and OAS2. The IBV and IBV/PRRSV groups showed higher expression of antiviral genes at earlier dpi than the PRRSV group. Additionally, downregulated genes from the comparisons clustered around Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways effecting lung development and cellular integrity. Early expression of host IFN and antiviral genes may lead to viral RNA degradation, and assembly and transcription inhibition in the IBV infections. In comparison, expression of antiviral genes in the PRRSV group decreased across time. The decrease may explain why PRRSV infections persist, while IBV clears. Moreover, all infected groups showed prolonged upregulation in neutrophil degranulation pathway activity, possibly exacerbating symptomatic lung lesion pathology seen in these respiratory infections.
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45
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Chauvistré H, Seré K. Epigenetic aspects of DC development and differentiation. Mol Immunol 2020; 128:116-124. [PMID: 33126080 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review we introduce the basic principles of epigenetic gene regulation and discuss them in the context of dendritic cell (DC) development and differentiation. Epigenetic mechanisms control the accessibility of chromatin for DNA binding proteins and thus they control gene expression. These mechanisms comprise chemical modifications of DNA and histones, chromatin remodeling and chromatin conformation. The variety of epigenetic mechanisms allow high-end fine tuning and flexibility of gene expression, a prerequisite in the process of DC lineage development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Chauvistré
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Essen, Germany
| | - Kristin Seré
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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46
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Xia X, Wang W, Yin K, Wang S. Interferon regulatory factor 8 governs myeloid cell development. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 55:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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47
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Environmental Pollutants on Hematopoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196996. [PMID: 32977499 PMCID: PMC7583016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a complex and intricate process that aims to replenish blood components in a constant fashion. It is orchestrated mostly by hematopoietic progenitor cells (hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)) that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. These cells can originate other cell subtypes that are responsible for maintaining vital functions, mediate innate and adaptive immune responses, provide tissues with oxygen, and control coagulation. Hematopoiesis in adults takes place in the bone marrow, which is endowed with an extensive vasculature conferring an intense flow of cells. A myriad of cell subtypes can be found in the bone marrow at different levels of activation, being also under constant action of an extensive amount of diverse chemical mediators and enzymatic systems. Bone marrow platelets, mature erythrocytes and leukocytes are delivered into the bloodstream readily available to meet body demands. Leukocytes circulate and reach different tissues, returning or not returning to the bloodstream. Senescent leukocytes, specially granulocytes, return to the bone marrow to be phagocytized by macrophages, restarting granulopoiesis. The constant high production and delivery of cells into the bloodstream, alongside the fact that blood cells can also circulate between tissues, makes the hematopoietic system a prime target for toxic agents to act upon, making the understanding of the bone marrow microenvironment vital for both toxicological sciences and risk assessment. Environmental and occupational pollutants, therapeutic molecules, drugs of abuse, and even nutritional status can directly affect progenitor cells at their differentiation and maturation stages, altering behavior and function of blood compounds and resulting in impaired immune responses, anemias, leukemias, and blood coagulation disturbances. This review aims to describe the most recently investigated molecular and cellular toxicity mechanisms of current major environmental pollutants on hematopoiesis in the bone marrow.
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48
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Wei C, Yu P, Cheng L. Hematopoietic Reprogramming Entangles with Hematopoiesis. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:752-763. [PMID: 32861580 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis generally refers to hematopoietic development in fetuses and adults, as well as to hematopoietic stem cell differentiation into progeny lineages. The multiple processes that generate diverse hematopoietic cells have been considered to be unidirectional. However, many reports have recently demonstrated that these processes are not only reversible but also interconvertible via cell reprogramming. The cell reprogramming that occurs in hematopoietic cells is termed hematopoietic reprogramming. We focus on both autogenous and artificial hematopoietic reprogramming under physiological and pathological conditions that is mainly directed by the actions of transcription factors (TFs), chemical compounds, or extracellular cytokines. A comprehensive understanding of hematopoietic reprogramming will help us not only to generate desirable cells for cell therapy but also to further analyze normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuijin Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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49
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Cytlak U, Resteu A, Pagan S, Green K, Milne P, Maisuria S, McDonald D, Hulme G, Filby A, Carpenter B, Queen R, Hambleton S, Hague R, Lango Allen H, Thaventhiran JED, Doody G, Collin M, Bigley V. Differential IRF8 Transcription Factor Requirement Defines Two Pathways of Dendritic Cell Development in Humans. Immunity 2020; 53:353-370.e8. [PMID: 32735845 PMCID: PMC7447982 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The formation of mammalian dendritic cells (DCs) is controlled by multiple hematopoietic transcription factors, including IRF8. Loss of IRF8 exerts a differential effect on DC subsets, including plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and the classical DC lineages cDC1 and cDC2. In humans, cDC2-related subsets have been described including AXL+SIGLEC6+ pre-DC, DC2 and DC3. The origin of this heterogeneity is unknown. Using high-dimensional analysis, in vitro differentiation, and an allelic series of human IRF8 deficiency, we demonstrated that cDC2 (CD1c+DC) heterogeneity originates from two distinct pathways of development. The lymphoid-primed IRF8hi pathway, marked by CD123 and BTLA, carried pDC, cDC1, and DC2 trajectories, while the common myeloid IRF8lo pathway, expressing SIRPA, formed DC3s and monocytes. We traced distinct trajectories through the granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP) compartment showing that AXL+SIGLEC6+ pre-DCs mapped exclusively to the DC2 pathway. In keeping with their lower requirement for IRF8, DC3s expand to replace DC2s in human partial IRF8 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Cytlak
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Anastasia Resteu
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sarah Pagan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Kile Green
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Paul Milne
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sheetal Maisuria
- Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - David McDonald
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Gillian Hulme
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Andrew Filby
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Benjamin Carpenter
- Oxford Genomics Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Rachel Queen
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Rosie Hague
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Hana Lango Allen
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK; NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - James E D Thaventhiran
- MRC Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Gina Doody
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Matthew Collin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Venetia Bigley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK.
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50
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Nishiya K, Sawada M, Dijkstra JM, Miyamae J, Okano M, Katakura F, Moritomo T. A fish cytokine related to human IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF, induces development of eosinophil/basophil/mast-cell type (EBM) granulocytes. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 108:103671. [PMID: 32147469 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-5, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are related cytokines that signal through receptors possessing the β common (βc) chain. As a family, these cytokines combine rather non-specific hematopoietic growth factor properties with a special importance for eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells. In fish the cytokines of this family are called IL-5fam, and the present study, using carp, constitutes their first functional analysis. Carp il-5fam expression was enhanced by stimulation with phytohemagglutinin and killed bacteria. Reminiscent of mammalian IL-3/IL-5/GM-CSF family members, recombinant carp IL-5fam (rcIL-5fam) induced activation of transcription factor STAT5 and efficiently promoted proliferation and colony-formation of eosinophil/basophil/mast-cell type (EBM) granulocytes. Upon addition of recombinant carp βc the growth effect of rcIL-5fam was reduced, suggesting βc participation in the signaling route. In summary, despite differences in individual cytokines and cell populations, fish and mammalian IL-3/IL-5/GM-CSF family members share growth factor functions for non-neutrophil granulocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Nishiya
- Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Mai Sawada
- Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Johannes M Dijkstra
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Dengakugakubo 1-98, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Jiro Miyamae
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ikoino-oka 1-3, Imabari, Ehime, 794-8555, Japan
| | - Masaharu Okano
- Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Katakura
- Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan.
| | - Tadaaki Moritomo
- Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Kameino 1866, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
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