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Bidgood GM, Keating N, Doggett K, Nicholson SE. SOCS1 is a critical checkpoint in immune homeostasis, inflammation and tumor immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1419951. [PMID: 38947335 PMCID: PMC11211259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1419951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) family proteins are important negative regulators of cytokine signaling. SOCS1 is the prototypical member of the SOCS family and functions in a classic negative-feedback loop to inhibit signaling in response to interferon, interleukin-12 and interleukin-2 family cytokines. These cytokines have a critical role in orchestrating our immune defence against viral pathogens and cancer. The ability of SOCS1 to limit cytokine signaling positions it as an important immune checkpoint, as evidenced by the detection of detrimental SOCS1 variants in patients with cytokine-driven inflammatory and autoimmune disease. SOCS1 has also emerged as a key checkpoint that restricts anti-tumor immunity, playing both a tumor intrinsic role and impacting the ability of various immune cells to mount an effective anti-tumor response. In this review, we describe the mechanism of SOCS1 action, focusing on the role of SOCS1 in autoimmunity and cancer, and discuss the potential for new SOCS1-directed cancer therapies that could be used to enhance adoptive immunotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace M. Bidgood
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Narelle Keating
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen Doggett
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Nicholson
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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2
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Lou L, Deng T, Yuan Q, Wang L, Wang Z, Li X. Targeted silencing of SOCS1 by DNMT1 promotes stemness of human liver cancer stem-like cells. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:206. [PMID: 38867242 PMCID: PMC11170857 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human liver cancer stem-like cells (HLCSLCs) are widely acknowledged as significant factors in the recurrence and eradication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The sustenance of HLCSLCs' stemness is hypothesized to be intricately linked to the epigenetic process of DNA methylation modification of genes associated with anticancer properties. The present study aimed to elucidate the stemness-maintaining mechanism of HLCSLCs and provide a novel idea for the clearance of HLCSLCs. METHODS The clinical relevance of DNMT1 and SOCS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients was evaluated through the GEO and TCGA databases. Cellular immunofluorescence assay, methylation-specific PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation were conducted to explore the expression of DNMT1 and SOCS1 and the regulatory relationship between them in HLCSLCs. Spheroid formation, soft agar colony formation, expression of stemness-associated molecules, and tumorigenicity of xenograft in nude mice were used to evaluate the stemness of HLCSLCs. RESULTS The current analysis revealed a significant upregulation of DNMT1 and downregulation of SOCS1 in HCC tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal liver tissues. Furthermore, patients exhibiting an elevated DNMT1 expression or a reduced SOCS1 expression had low survival. This study illustrated the pronounced expression and activity of DNMT1 in HLCSLCs, which effectively targeted the promoter region of SOCS1 and induced hypermethylation, consequently suppressing the expression of SOCS1. Notably, the stemness of HLCSLCs was reduced upon treatment with DNMT1 inhibitors in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the overexpression of SOCS1 in HLCSLCs significantly mitigated their stemness. The knockdown of SOCS1 expression reversed the effect of DNMT1 inhibitor on the stemness of HLCSLCs. DNMT1 directly binds to the SOCS1 promoter. In vivo, DNMT1 inhibitors suppressed SOCS1 expression and inhibited the growth of xenograft. CONCLUSION DNMT1 targets the promoter region of SOCS1, induces hypermethylation of its CpG islands, and silences its expression, thereby promoting the stemness of HLCSLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lou
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Tingyun Deng
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Lianghou Wang
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, China.
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3
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Körholz J, Chen LS, Strauss T, Schuetz C, Dalpke AH. One gene to rule them all - clinical perspectives of a potent suppressor of cytokine signaling - SOCS1. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385190. [PMID: 38711523 PMCID: PMC11070515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) in 1997 marked a significant milestone in understanding the regulation of Janus kinase/Signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways. Subsequent research deciphered its cellular functions, and recent insights into SOCS1 deficiencies in humans underscored its critical role in immune regulation. In humans, SOCS-haploinsufficiency (SOCS1-HI) presents a diverse clinical spectrum, encompassing autoimmune diseases, infection susceptibility, and cancer. Variability in disease manifestation, even within families sharing the same genetic variant, raises questions about clinical penetrance and the need for individualized treatments. Current therapeutic strategies include JAK inhibition, with promising results in controlling inflammation in SOCS1-HI patients. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy emerge as promising avenues for curative treatments. The evolving landscape of SOCS1 research, emphasizes the need for a nuanced understanding of genetic variants and their functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Körholz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Center for Chronic Immunodeficiencies (UCID), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lan-Sun Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timmy Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Center for Chronic Immunodeficiencies (UCID), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Center for Rare Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Catharina Schuetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Center for Chronic Immunodeficiencies (UCID), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Center for Rare Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander H. Dalpke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Papadakos SP, Chatzikalil E, Arvanitakis K, Vakadaris G, Stergiou IE, Koutsompina ML, Argyrou A, Lekakis V, Konstantinidis I, Germanidis G, Theocharis S. Understanding the Role of Connexins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Molecular and Prognostic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1533. [PMID: 38672615 PMCID: PMC11048329 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Connexins, a family of tetraspan membrane proteins forming intercellular channels localized in gap junctions, play a pivotal role at the different stages of tumor progression presenting both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects. Considering the potential role of connexins as tumor suppressors through multiple channel-independent mechanisms, their loss of expression may be associated with tumorigenic activity, while it is hypothesized that connexins favor the clonal expansion of tumor cells and promote cell migration, invasion, and proliferation, affecting metastasis and chemoresistance in some cases. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), characterized by unfavorable prognosis and limited responsiveness to current therapeutic strategies, has been linked to gap junction proteins as tumorigenic factors with prognostic value. Notably, several members of connexins have emerged as promising markers for assessing the progression and aggressiveness of HCC, as well as the chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity of hepatocellular tumor cells. Our review sheds light on the multifaceted role of connexins in HCC pathogenesis, offering valuable insights on recent advances in determining their prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros P. Papadakos
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.P.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Elena Chatzikalil
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.P.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Konstantinos Arvanitakis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.); (G.V.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Vakadaris
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.); (G.V.)
| | - Ioanna E. Stergiou
- Pathophysiology Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.E.S.); (M.-L.K.)
| | - Maria-Loukia Koutsompina
- Pathophysiology Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.E.S.); (M.-L.K.)
| | - Alexandra Argyrou
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Laikon General Hospital, Athens University Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (V.L.)
| | - Vasileios Lekakis
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Laikon General Hospital, Athens University Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (V.L.)
| | | | - Georgios Germanidis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.A.); (G.V.)
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.P.P.); (E.C.)
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Jia J, Zhou X, Chu Q. Mechanisms and therapeutic prospect of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in liver cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04983-5. [PMID: 38519710 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer (LC) poses a significant global health challenge due to its high incidence and poor prognosis. Current systemic treatment options, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiofrequency ablation, and immunotherapy, have shown limited effectiveness for advanced LC patients. Moreover, owing to the heterogeneous nature of LC, it is crucial to uncover more in-depth pathogenic mechanisms and develop effective treatments to address the limitations of the existing therapeutic modalities. Increasing evidence has revealed the crucial role of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in the pathogenesis of LC. The specific mechanisms driving the JAK-STAT pathway activation in LC, participate in a variety of malignant biological processes, including cell differentiation, evasion, anti-apoptosis, immune escape, and treatment resistance. Both preclinical and clinical investigations on the JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors have exhibited potential in LC treatment, thereby opening up avenues for the development of more targeted therapeutic strategies for LC. In this study, we provide an overview of the JAK-STAT pathway, delving into the composition, activation, and dynamic interplay within the pathway. Additionally, we focus on the molecular mechanisms driving the aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in LC. Furthermore, we summarize the latest advancements in targeting the JAK-STAT pathway for LC treatment. The insights presented in this review aim to underscore the necessity of research into the JAK-STAT signaling pathway as a promising avenue for LC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunJun Jia
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xuelian Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Ilangumaran S, Gui Y, Shukla A, Ramanathan S. SOCS1 expression in cancer cells: potential roles in promoting antitumor immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362224. [PMID: 38415248 PMCID: PMC10897024 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is a potent regulator immune cell responses and a proven tumor suppressor. Inhibition of SOCS1 in T cells can boost antitumor immunity, whereas its loss in tumor cells increases tumor aggressivity. Investigations into the tumor suppression mechanisms so far focused on tumor cell-intrinsic functions of SOCS1. However, it is possible that SOCS1 expression in tumor cells also regulate antitumor immune responses in a cell-extrinsic manner via direct and indirect mechanisms. Here, we discuss the evidence supporting the latter, and its implications for antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subburaj Ilangumaran
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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7
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Chen P, Long J, Zhang J, Xie F, Wu W, Tian Z, Zhang S, Yu K. Identification and validation of the association of Janus kinase 2 mutations with the response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:263-276. [PMID: 38200372 PMCID: PMC10824873 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation plays an important role in T cell immunity. However, the effect of JAK2 mutation on immunotherapy is largely uncharacterized. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the effect of JAK2 mutation on the efficacy and outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in the discovery cohort (n = 662) and the verification cohort (n = 1423). Furthermore, we explored the association of JAK2 mutation with the tumor immune microenvironment in a multiomics cohort. RESULTS In the discovery cohort (n = 662), JAK2 mutant-type patients had a better objective response rate (58.8% vs. 26.7%, P = 0.010), durable clinical benefit (64.7% vs. 38.9%, P = 0.043), progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.431, P = 0.015), and overall survival (HR = 0.378, P = 0.025), relative to JAK2 wild-type patients. Moreover, we further verified the prognostic significance of JAK2 mutation in an independent ICI treatment cohort with a larger sample size (n = 1423). In addition, we discovered that the JAK2 mutation was remarkably related to increased immunogenicity, such as a higher TMB, higher expression of costimulatory molecules and stimulation of antigen processing mechanisms. In addition, JAK2 mutation was positively correlated with activated anticancer immunity, such as infiltration of various immune cells and higher expression of chemokines. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that JAK2 mutation is a novel marker that can be used to effectively predict prognosis and response to ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junyu Long
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Breast Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Fucun Xie
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhuang Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Shukla A, Khan MGM, Cayarga AA, Namvarpour M, Chowdhury MMH, Levesque D, Lucier JF, Boisvert FM, Ramanathan S, Ilangumaran S. The Tumor Suppressor SOCS1 Diminishes Tolerance to Oxidative Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:292. [PMID: 38254783 PMCID: PMC10814246 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
SOCS1 is a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, we showed that a loss of SOCS1 in hepatocytes promotes NRF2 activation. Here, we investigated how SOCS1 expression in HCC cells affected oxidative stress response and modulated the cellular proteome. Murine Hepa1-6 cells expressing SOCS1 (Hepa-SOCS1) or control vector (Hepa-Vector) were treated with cisplatin or tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). The induction of NRF2 and its target genes, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, cell survival and cellular proteome profiles were evaluated. NRF2 induction was significantly reduced in Hepa-SOCS1 cells. The gene and protein expression of NRF2 targets were differentially induced in Hepa-Vector cells but markedly suppressed in Hepa-SOCS1 cells. Hepa-SOCS1 cells displayed an increased induction of reactive oxygen species but reduced lipid peroxidation. Nonetheless, Hepa-SOCS1 cells treated with cisplatin or t-BHP showed reduced survival. GCLC, poorly induced in Hepa-SOCS1 cells, showed a strong positive correlation with NFE2L2 and an inverse correlation with SOCS1 in the TCGA-LIHC transcriptomic data. A proteomic analysis of Hepa-Vector and Hepa-SOCS1 cells revealed that SOCS1 differentially modulated many proteins involved in diverse molecular pathways, including mitochondrial ROS generation and ROS detoxification, through peroxiredoxin and thioredoxin systems. Our findings indicate that maintaining sensitivity to oxidative stress is an important tumor suppression mechanism of SOCS1 in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Shukla
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Md Gulam Musawwir Khan
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Anny Armas Cayarga
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Mozhdeh Namvarpour
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Mohammad Mobarak H. Chowdhury
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Dominique Levesque
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Jean-François Lucier
- Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - François-Michel Boisvert
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Sheela Ramanathan
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Subburaj Ilangumaran
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.S.); (M.G.M.K.); (A.A.C.); (M.N.); (M.M.H.C.); (D.L.); (F.-M.B.); (S.R.)
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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Yoshida N, Inubushi T, Hirose T, Aoyama G, Kurosaka H, Yamashiro T. The roles of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in fusion of the secondary palate. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050085. [PMID: 37846594 PMCID: PMC10602007 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleft palate has a multifactorial etiology. In palatal fusion, the contacting medial edge epithelium (MEE) forms the epithelial seam, which is subsequently removed with the reduction of p63. Failure in this process results in a cleft palate. We herein report the involvement of janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in palatal fusion and that folic acid rescues the fusing defect by reactivating JAK2/STAT3. In closure of bilateral palatal shelves, STAT3 phosphorylation was activated at the fusing MEE and mesenchyme underlying the MEE. JAK2 inhibition by AG490 inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and resulted in palatal fusion failure without removal of the epithelial seam, in which p63 and keratin 17 (K17) periderm markers were retained. Folic acid application restored STAT3 phosphorylation in AG490-treated palatal explants and rescued the fusion defect, in which the p63- and K17-positive epithelial seam were removed. The AG490-induced palatal defect was also rescued in p63 haploinsufficient explants. These findings suggest that JAK2/STAT3 signaling is involved in palatal fusion by suppressing p63 expression in MEE and that folate restores the fusion defect by reactivating JAK2/STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Inubushi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirose
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Gozo Aoyama
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurosaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamashiro
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Park H, Lee S, Lee J, Moon H, Ro SW. Exploring the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Unraveling Signaling Complexity and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13764. [PMID: 37762066 PMCID: PMC10531214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) continues to pose a substantial global health challenge due to its high incidence and limited therapeutic options. In recent years, the Janus Kinase (JAK) and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) pathway has emerged as a critical signaling cascade in HCC pathogenesis. The review commences with an overview of the JAK/STAT pathway, delving into the dynamic interplay between the JAK/STAT pathway and its numerous upstream activators, such as cytokines and growth factors enriched in pathogenic livers afflicted with chronic inflammation and cirrhosis. This paper also elucidates how the persistent activation of JAK/STAT signaling leads to diverse oncogenic processes during hepatocarcinogenesis, including uncontrolled cell proliferation, evasion of apoptosis, and immune escape. In the context of therapeutic implications, this review summarizes recent advancements in targeting the JAK/STAT pathway for HCC treatment. Preclinical and clinical studies investigating inhibitors and modulators of JAK/STAT signaling are discussed, highlighting their potential in suppressing the deadly disease. The insights presented herein underscore the necessity for continued research into targeting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway as a promising avenue for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Simon Weonsang Ro
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.M.)
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11
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Attiq A, Afzal S. Trinity of inflammation, innate immune cells and cross-talk of signalling pathways in tumour microenvironment. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1255727. [PMID: 37680708 PMCID: PMC10482416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1255727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Unresolved inflammation is a pathological consequence of persistent inflammatory stimulus and perturbation in regulatory mechanisms. It increases the risk of tumour development and orchestrates all stages of tumorigenesis in selected organs. In certain cancers, inflammatory processes create the appropriate conditions for neoplastic transformation. While in other types, oncogenic changes pave the way for an inflammatory microenvironment that leads to tumour development. Of interest, hallmarks of tumour-promoting and cancer-associated inflammation are striking similar, sharing a complex network of stromal (fibroblasts and vascular cells) and inflammatory immune cells that collectively form the tumour microenvironment (TME). The cross-talks of signalling pathways initially developed to support homeostasis, change their role, and promote atypical proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and subversion of adaptive immunity in TME. These transcriptional and regulatory pathways invariably contribute to cancer-promoting inflammation in chronic inflammatory disorders and foster "smouldering" inflammation in the microenvironment of various tumour types. Besides identifying common target sites of numerous cancer types, signalling programs and their cross-talks governing immune cells' plasticity and functional diversity can be used to develop new fate-mapping and lineage-tracing mechanisms. Here, we review the vital molecular mechanisms and pathways that establish the connection between inflammation and tumour development, progression, and metastasis. We also discussed the cross-talks between signalling pathways and devised strategies focusing on these interaction mechanisms to harness synthetic lethal drug combinations for targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Attiq
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Sheryar Afzal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Guo M, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhou Q, Zhu X, Fu X, Yang J, Liu S, Guo D, Zhang B. SOCS1 as a Biomarker Candidate for HPV Infection and Prognosis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5598-5612. [PMID: 37504269 PMCID: PMC10378037 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between HNSCC and HPV remain unclear. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the gene expression dataset of HPV-associated HNSCC based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC were screened. Gene function enrichment, protein-protein interactions (PPI), survival analysis, and immune cell infiltration of DEGs were performed. Furthermore, the clinical data of HNSCC tissue samples were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. In total, 194 DEGs were identified. A PPI network was constructed and 10 hub genes (EREG, PLCG1, ERBB4, HBEGF, ZFP42, CBX6, NFKBIA, SOCS1, ATP2B2, and CEND1) were identified. Survival analysis indicated that low expression of SOCS1 was associated with worse overall survival. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that SOCS1 expression was higher in HPV-negative HNSCC than in HPV-positive HNSCC, and there was a positive correlation between SOCS1 expression and patient survival. This study provides new information on biological targets that may be relevant to the molecular mechanisms underpinning the occurrence and development of HNSCC. SOCS1 may play an important role in the interaction between HPV and HNSCC and serve as a potential biomarker for future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Guo
- Key Lab of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiaozhen Zhou
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinrang Zhu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinyu Fu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shanhe Liu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dingcheng Guo
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Baoping Zhang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road 199, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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13
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SOCS1 Deficiency Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma via SOCS3-Dependent CDKN1A Induction and NRF2 Activation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030905. [PMID: 36765862 PMCID: PMC9913612 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
SOCS1 deficiency, which increases susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), promotes CDKN1A expression in the liver. High CDKN1A expression correlates with disease severity in many cancers. Here, we demonstrate a crucial pathogenic role of CDKN1A in diethyl nitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in SOCS1-deficient mice. Mechanistic studies on DEN-induced genotoxic response revealed that SOCS1-deficient hepatocytes upregulate SOCS3 expression, SOCS3 promotes p53 activation, and Cdkn1a induction that were abolished by deleting either Socs3 or Tp53. Previous reports implicate CDKN1A in promoting oxidative stress response mediated by NRF2, which is required for DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. We show increased induction of NRF2 and its target genes in SOCS1-deficient livers following DEN treatment that was abrogated by the deletion of either Cdkn1a or Socs3. Loss of SOCS3 in SOCS1-deficient mice reduced the growth of DEN-induced HCC without affecting tumor incidence. In the TCGA-LIHC dataset, the SOCS1-low/SOCS3-high subgroup displayed increased CDKN1A expression, enrichment of NRF2 transcriptional signature, faster disease progression, and poor prognosis. Overall, our findings show that SOCS1 deficiency in hepatocytes promotes compensatory SOCS3 expression, p53 activation, CDKN1A induction, and NRF2 activation, which can facilitate cellular adaptation to oxidative stress and promote neoplastic growth. Thus, the NRF2 pathway represents a potential therapeutic target in SOCS1-low/SOCS3-high HCC cases.
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Emamgholipour S, Esmaeili F, Shabani M, Hasanpour SZ, Pilehvari M, Zabihi-Mahmoudabadi H, Motevasseli M, Shanaki M. Alterations of SOCS1 and SOCS3 transcript levels, but not promoter methylation levels in subcutaneous adipose tissues in obese women. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:7. [PMID: 36609306 PMCID: PMC9817302 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal model studies suggest that change in the members of the suppressor of the cytokine signaling (SOCS) family (mainly SOCS1 and SOCS3) is linked to the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic disorders. Moreover, epigenetic modification is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the SOCS gene family. Here, we aimed to evaluate the mRNA expression as well as gene promoter methylation of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from obese women compared to normal-weight subjects. We also intend to identify the possible association of SOCS1 and SOCS3 transcript levels with metabolic parameters in the context of obesity. METHODS This study was conducted on women with obesity (n = 24) [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m 2] and women with normal-weight (n = 22) (BMI < 25 kg/m 2). Transcript levels of SOCS1 and SOCS3 were evaluated by real-time PCR in SAT from all participants. After bisulfite treatment of DNA, methylation-specific PCR was used to assess the putative methylation of 10 CpG sites in the promoter of SOCS1 and 13 CpG sites in SOCS3 in SAT from women with obesity and normal weight. RESULTS It was found that unlike SOCS3, which disclosed an elevating expression pattern, the expression level of SOCS1 was lower in the women with obesity as compared with their non-obese counterparts (P-value = 0.03 for SOCS1 transcript level and P-value = 0.011 for SOCS3 transcript level). As for the analysis of promoter methylation, it was found that SOCS1 and SOCS3 methylation were not significantly different between the individuals with obesity and normal weight (P-value = 0.45 and P-value = 0.89). Correlation analysis indicated that the transcript level of SOCS1 mRNA expression had an inverse correlation with BMI, hs-CRP levels, HOMA-IR, and insulin levels. However, the SOCS3 transcript level showed a positive correlation with BMI, waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference, hip circumference, hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, insulin, fasting blood glucose, and total cholesterol. Interestingly, HOMA-IR is the predictor of the transcript level of SOCS1 (β = - 0.448, P-value = 0.003) and SOCS3 (β = 0.465, P-value = 0.002) in SAT of all participants. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to alterations of SOCS1 and SOCS3 transcript levels, but not promoter methylation levels in subcutaneous adipose tissues from women with obesity. Moreover, mRNA expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in SAT was associated with known obesity indices, insulin resistance, and hs-CRP, suggesting the contribution of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities. However, further studies are required to establish this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Esmaeili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shabani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Hasanpour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Pilehvari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Zabihi-Mahmoudabadi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Motevasseli
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Shanaki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Ukey S, Jain A, Dwivedi S, Vishnoi JR, Chugh A, Purohit P, Pareek P, Elhence P, Misra S, Sharma P. Global and promoter specific hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes P16, SOCS1, and SHP1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral submucous fibrosis. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:S551-S559. [PMID: 38384018 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_689_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACTS Aberrant methylation pattern leads to altered gene expression, that is, involved in the transformation of various cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the present study, an attempt has been made to examine the association of global and promoter-specific methylation of tumor suppressor genes in patients with OSCC and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Promoter-specific methylation of tumor suppressor genes P16, SOCS1, and SHP1 had been studied earlier for their aberrant methylation patterns in other cancers; however, these studies were mainly conducted in-vitro or in animal models, and as such, only a few studies are available on human samples. In the present study evaluation of promoter-specific methylation of genes P16, SOCS1, and SHP1 in 76 patients' blood and tissue samples was done and compared with methylation of 35 healthy control samples using qPCR. Further, these samples were analyzed for global methylation patterns using ELISA. The results have shown a significant decreasing trend of promoter methylation (OSCC > OSMF > Controls); the methylation indices (MI) were significantly higher in OSCC than in the controls. The median MI of three genes for OSCC were P16MI (0.96), SHP1MI (0.79), and SOCS1 (0.80). Similarly, median MIs for OSMF were P16MI (0.18), SHP1 MI (0.19), and SOCS1 MI (0.5) against controls with MI (0) for each of the three genes. The global methylation %mC values were 1.9, 0.5, and 0.1, respectively. The values of MI and %mC were found to correlate with various risk factors such as tobacco, smoking, and alcohol consumption, which are positively involved in OSMF pathogenesis followed by oral cancer progression. Further, the methylation trend in tissue was reflected in blood samples, proving a window for methylation load to be used as a lesser invasive biomarker. The sensitivity and specificity of methylation load were also found reasonable. Therefore, the current study suggests that there may be a role of global and promoter-specific methylation load in the transition of OSMF to OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Ukey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankit Jain
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailendra Dwivedi
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ankita Chugh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Puneet Pareek
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Poonam Elhence
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Shishido K, Reinders A, Asuthkar S. Epigenetic regulation of radioresistance: insights from preclinical and clinical studies. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:1359-1375. [PMID: 36524403 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2158810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oftentimes, radiation therapy (RT) is ineffective due to the development of radioresistance (RR). However, studies have shown that targeting epigenetic modifiers to enhance radiosensitivity represents a promising direction of clinical investigation. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the mechanisms by which epigenetic modifiers alter radiosensitivity through dysregulation of MAPK-ERK and AKT-mTOR signaling. Finally, we discuss the clinical directions for targeting epigenetic modifiers and current radiology techniques used in the clinic. METHODOLOGY We searched PubMed and ScienceDirect databases from April 4th, 2022 to October 18th, 2022. We examined 226 papers related to radioresistance, epigenetics, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. 194 papers were selected for this review. Keywords used for this search include, 'radioresistance,' 'radiosensitivity,' 'radiation,' 'radiotherapy,' 'particle radiation,' 'photon radiation,' 'epigenetic modifiers,' 'MAPK,' 'AKT,' 'mTOR,' 'cancer,' and 'PI3K.' We examined 41 papers related to clinical trials on the aforementioned topics. Outcomes of interest were safety, overall survival (OS), dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), progression-free survival (PFS), and maximum tolerated dose (MTD). EXPERT OPINION Current studies focusing on epigenetic mechanisms of RR strongly support the use of targeting epigenetic modifiers as adjuvants to standard cancer therapies. To further the success of such treatments and their clinical benefit , both preclinical and clinical studies are needed to broaden the scope of known radioresistant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Shishido
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL, United States of America
| | - Alexis Reinders
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL, United States of America
| | - Swapna Asuthkar
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL, United States of America
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17
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SRRM1 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Sharan M, Jha M, Chandel R, Syeda S, Mathur R, Jha NK, Jha SK, Goel H, Shrivastava A, Chauhan S, Pamidimarri S, Jha AK. Demethylation of CADM1 and SOCS1 using capsaicin in cervical cancer cell line. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 396:649-657. [PMID: 36441265 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of women's mortality in developing countries. The prevalence of cervical cancer is higher in developing countries like India and continents like Africa. Hyper-methylation of tumor suppressor genes through human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to be one of the major causes of cervical cancer. The promoter hypermethylation of the cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) and suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS1) genes due to DNMT1 overexpression leads to their epigenetic silencing followed by gene repression causing cervical cancer. In silico study on the inhibition effect of capsaicin on DNMT1 was simulated by different servers. The binding energy was observed to be -7.8 kcal/mol. In vitro studies on the effect of capsaicin on aberrant methylation of CADM1 and SOCS1 were performed on the adenocarcinoma cervical cancer cell line, HeLa. The IC50 of capsaicin was observed to be 160 μM through crystal violet assay. DNA methylation of the CADM1 and SOCS1 was analyzed by methylation-specific PCR along with their reversal using capsaicin (20 μM) by treating the cells for 72 h and 6 days. In silico results suggested that capsaicin has an inhibitory effect on DNMT1, which regulates DNA methylation leading to the hypermethylation of CADM1 and SOCS1 genes. The in vitro studies suggested that hypermethylation leads to the inhibition of CADM1 and SOCS1 expression, which could be reversed using capsaicin with visible changes in methylation-specific and unmethylation-specific bands in MS-PCR, respectively. The present study shows the reversal of methylation of CADM1 and SOCS1 after 72 h which showed a further increase in case of 6 days of treatment using 20 μM capsaicin, which makes capsaicin a potent candidate for causing demethylation of CADM1 and SOCS1 genes that may lead to the reactivation of the downregulated gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahek Sharan
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Meenakshi Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Saima Syeda
- Department of Zoology, Delhi University, Delhi, India
| | - Runjhun Mathur
- A.P.J Abdul Kalam University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India
| | - Harsh Goel
- Laboratory of the Oncology Unit, Dr. B.R.A, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | | | - Sushma Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sudheer Pamidimarri
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhimanyu Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India.
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Sharma R, Ali T, Kaur J. Folic acid depletion as well as oversupplementation helps in the progression of hepatocarcinogenesis in HepG2 cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16617. [PMID: 36198749 PMCID: PMC9534894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate ingestion below and above the physiologic dose has been shown to play a tumorigenic role in certain cancers. Also, excessive folate supplementation after establishment of pre-established lesions led to an advancement in the growth of a few tumors. However, such information has not yet been achieved in the case of HCC. In our study, HepG2 cells were administered with three different concentrations of folic acid i.e. folic acid normal (FN) (2.27 µM), folic acid deficient (FD) (no folic acid), folic acid oversupplementation (FO) (100 µM) for 10 days. Intracellular folate levels were assayed by Elecsys Folate III kit based method. The migratory and invasive abilities were estimated by transwell migration and matrigel invasion methods respectively. FACS was done to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis. Agarose-coated plates were used to access cancer stem cells (CSCs) number. Quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting approaches were used for gene and protein expression of certain tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), respectively. FD cells depicted increased migration, invasion, apoptosis, necrosis and decreased cell viability, CSCs. On the other hand, FO cells showed increased migration, invasion, cell viability and number of CSCs and decreased apoptosis and necrosis. TSGs revealed diminished expression with both FA modulations with respect to FN cells. Thus, FA deficiency as well as abundance enhanced the HCC progression by adapting different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Taqveema Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jyotdeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
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Synthesis of naphthalimide derivatives bearing benzothiazole and thiazole moieties: In vitro anticancer and in silico ADMET study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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SP1/miR-92a-1-5p/SOCS5: A novel regulatory axis in feline panleukopenia virus replication. Vet Microbiol 2022; 273:109549. [PMID: 36037621 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are vital post-transcriptional regulators that participate in host-pathogen interactions by modulating the expression of cellular factors. Previous studies have demonstrated that feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) alters miRNA expression levels within host cells. However, the relationship between FPV replication and host miRNAs remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that FPV infection significantly altered cellular miR-92a-1-5p expression in F81 cells by upregulating the expression of specificity protein 1 (SP1). Furthermore, we observed that miR-92a-1-5p enhanced interferon (IFN-α/β) expression by targeting the suppressors of cytokine signaling 5 (SOCS5) that negatively regulates NF-κB signaling and inhibits FPV replication in host cells. These findings revealed that miR-92a-1-5p plays a crucial role in host defense against FPV infection.
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Liu M, Du L, Cheng X, Yuan M, Shang J, Shi Y, Yang H, Tang H. CpG Island Methylation of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-1 Gene Induced by HCV Is Associated With HCV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:679593. [PMID: 35733955 PMCID: PMC9207397 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.679593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1) is implicated in both virus infection and carcinogenesis. This study investigated the role of HCV infection on SOCS-1 in normal and HCV-infected tissues and revealed a possible mechanism underlying HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) genesis. In total, 10 HCV-HCC tissues, seven adjacent tissues, seven distal tissues, and 16 normal liver tissues were collected. SOCS-1 expression in tissue sections was detected by immunohistochemistry. After viral load was quantified, the correlation between SOCS-1 expression and viral load was analyzed in different tissues. Then, HCV replicon model was used to detect a relationship between HCV and SOCS-1. Subsequently, methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was applied to show the methylation status of SOCS-1 genes in normal tissues and HCV-replicating cell lines. A correlation between gene methylation, SOCS-1 expression, and HCV was analyzed. The lowest expression of SOCS-1 was observed in HCV-HCC tissues. Tissues with a higher HCV viral load showed lower SOCS-1 expression (p = 0.0282). Consistently, SOCS-1 mRNA and protein were lower in HCV-replicating cell lines than in uninfected ones. Furthermore, gene methylation was found in all examined tissues but higher in HCC tissues, and it is positively correlated with HCV viral load (r2 = 0.7309, p < 0.0001). HCV infection would upregulate methylation of the SOCS-1 gene in HCV-replicating cell lines. The downregulation of SOCS-1 in normal and HCV-replicating cell lines may result from HCV infection through epigenetic regulation, in which gene methylation in the CpG island of SOCS-1 promoters upon HCV infection suppresses its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyao Du
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Cheng
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Man Yuan
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Shang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Cell Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Shi
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailing Yang
- Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Tang,
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23
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Sartorius K, Antwi SO, Chuturgoon A, Roberts LR, Kramvis A. RNA Therapeutic Options to Manage Aberrant Signaling Pathways in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Dream or Reality? Front Oncol 2022; 12:891812. [PMID: 35600358 PMCID: PMC9115561 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.891812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the early promise of RNA therapeutics as a magic bullet to modulate aberrant signaling in cancer, this field remains a work-in-progress. Nevertheless, RNA therapeutics is now a reality for the treatment of viral diseases (COVID-19) and offers great promise for cancer. This review paper specifically investigates RNAi as a therapeutic option for HCC and discusses a range of RNAi technology including anti-sense oligonucleotides (ASOs), Aptamers, small interfering RNA (siRNA), ribozymes, riboswitches and CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The use of these RNAi based interventions is specifically outlined in three primary strategies, namely, repressing angiogenesis, the suppression of cell proliferation and the promotion of apoptosis. We also discuss some of the inherent chemical and delivery problems, as well as targeting issues and immunogenic reaction to RNAi interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Sartorius
- Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, School of Internal Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Department of Surgery, KZN Kwazulu-Natal (UKZN) Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Centre, Durban, South Africa
| | - Samuel O Antwi
- The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Anil Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Anna Kramvis
- Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, School of Internal Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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24
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Cai Z, Tang B, Chen L, Lei W. Mast cell marker gene signature in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:577. [PMID: 35610596 PMCID: PMC9128261 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09673-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells can reshape the tumour immune microenvironment and greatly affect tumour occurrence and development. However, mast cell gene prognostic and predictive value in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. This study was conducted to identify and establish a prognostic mast cell gene signature (MCS) for assessing the prognosis and immunotherapy response of patients with HNSCC. METHODS Mast cell marker genes in HNSCC were identified using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. A dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas was divided into a training cohort to construct the MCS model and a testing cohort to validate the model. Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation was used to evaluate the MCS model gene expression in tissue sections from patients with HNSCC who had been treated with programmed cell death-1 inhibitors and further validate the MCS. RESULTS A prognostic MCS comprising nine genes (KIT, RAB32, CATSPER1, SMYD3, LINC00996, SOCS1, AP2M1, LAT, and HSP90B1) was generated by comprehensively analysing clinical features and 47 mast cell-related genes. The MCS effectively distinguished survival outcomes across the training, testing, and entire cohorts as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, we identified patients with favourable immune cell infiltration status and immunotherapy responses. Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation supported the MCS immunotherapy response of patients with HNSCC prediction, showing increased high-risk gene expression and reduced low-risk gene expression in immunotherapy-insensitive patients. CONCLUSIONS Our MCS provides insight into the roles of mast cells in HNSCC prognosis and may have applications as an immunotherapy response predictive indicator in patients with HNSCC and a reference for immunotherapy decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimou Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bingjie Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Wenbin Lei
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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25
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Masuzaki R, Kanda T, Sasaki R, Matsumoto N, Nirei K, Ogawa M, Karp SJ, Moriyama M, Kogure H. Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102549. [PMID: 35626153 PMCID: PMC9139988 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide. The HCC generally develops in the liver of patients already suffering from chronic liver disease. There have been significant advances in both the curative and palliative treatment of HCC. Although liver resection is a curative treatment for HCC, its indication is often limited due to an impaired liver function reservoir. There is still a need to understand how to control liver regeneration after resection and find better cancer immunotherapy and anticancer drugs for advanced HCC. Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) negatively regulate cytokine signaling related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune response; therefore, SOCS are thought to play an important role in HCC development and liver regeneration. Abstract Cytokines are secreted soluble glycoproteins that regulate cellular growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins negatively regulate cytokine signaling and form a classical negative feedback loop in the signaling pathways. There are eight members of the SOCS family. The SOCS proteins are all comprised of a loosely conserved N-terminal domain, a central Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, and a highly conserved SOCS box at the C-terminus. The role of SOCS proteins has been implicated in the regulation of cytokines and growth factors in liver diseases. The SOCS1 and SOCS3 proteins are involved in immune response and inhibit protective interferon signaling in viral hepatitis. A decreased expression of SOCS3 is associated with advanced stage and poor prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DNA methylations of SOCS1 and SOCS3 are found in HCC. Precise regulation of liver regeneration is influenced by stimulatory and inhibitory factors after partial hepatectomy (PH), in particular, SOCS2 and SOCS3 are induced at an early time point after PH. Evidence supporting the important role of SOCS signaling during liver regeneration also supports a role of SOCS signaling in HCC. Immuno-oncology drugs are now the first-line therapy for advanced HCC. The SOCS can be potential targets for HCC in terms of cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and immune response. In this literature review, we summarize recent findings of the SOCS family proteins related to HCC and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Masuzaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (T.K.); (R.S.); (N.M.); (K.N.); (M.O.); (M.M.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3972-8111
| | - Tatsuo Kanda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (T.K.); (R.S.); (N.M.); (K.N.); (M.O.); (M.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Reina Sasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (T.K.); (R.S.); (N.M.); (K.N.); (M.O.); (M.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Naoki Matsumoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (T.K.); (R.S.); (N.M.); (K.N.); (M.O.); (M.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Kazushige Nirei
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (T.K.); (R.S.); (N.M.); (K.N.); (M.O.); (M.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Masahiro Ogawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (T.K.); (R.S.); (N.M.); (K.N.); (M.O.); (M.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Seth J. Karp
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Mitsuhiko Moriyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (T.K.); (R.S.); (N.M.); (K.N.); (M.O.); (M.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Hirofumi Kogure
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (T.K.); (R.S.); (N.M.); (K.N.); (M.O.); (M.M.); (H.K.)
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26
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Aytac HM, Pehlivan S, Pehlivan M, Oyaci Y. Quantitative detection of methylated SOCS-1 in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder considering SOCS-1 -1478CA/del polymorphism and clinical parameters. Ir J Med Sci 2022; 192:775-783. [PMID: 35593996 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the quantitative detection of methylated suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) in schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), considering SOCS-1 -1478CA/del polymorphism and clinical parameters. METHODS Our research is a case-control study in which 114 patients with SCZ, 86 patients with BD, and 80 volunteers as a healthy group participated. Bisulfite-converted DNA samples were analyzed using the real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMS-PCR) method to measure the methylation level of the SOCS-1 gene. In addition, SOCS-1 -1478CA/del gene polymorphism was analyzed with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS When the SOCS-1 promoter methylation levels of SCZ and BD patients were compared with the control group, the methylation levels of SCZ and BD were significantly lower than the control group. An earlier age of illness onset was significantly related to the SOCS-1 promoter hypermethylation in DNA samples of SCZ patients. Again, SOCS-1 promoter hypermethylation was significantly associated with the higher Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score in BD patients. While the SOCS-1 CA/CA genotype frequency was significantly higher in the control group than in the BD group, the del/del genotype was significantly related to a higher frequency of rapid cycling and a lower frequency of family history in the BD patient group. CONCLUSION In summary, the methylated SOCS-1 quantity in DNA samples of SCZ and BD patients were significantly lower than in control samples. Whereas the SOCS-1 -1478CA/del polymorphism was not related to SCZ, it may be associated with the BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Mervan Aytac
- Department of Psychiatry, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Pehlivan
- Department of Hematology, Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Oyaci
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ryu JY, Oh J, Kim SM, Kim WG, Jeong H, Ahn SA, Kim SH, Jang JY, Yoo BC, Kim CW, Lee CE. SOCS1 counteracts ROS-mediated survival signals and promotes apoptosis by modulating cell cycle to increase radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells. BMB Rep 2022. [PMID: 35321782 PMCID: PMC9058468 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.4.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As negative regulators of cytokine signaling pathways, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins have been reported to possess both pro-tumor and anti-tumor functions. Our recent studies have demonstrated suppressive effects of SOCS1 on epithelial to mesenchymal signaling in colorectal cancer cells in response to fractionated ionizing radiation or oxidative stress. The objective of the present study was to determine the radiosensitizing action of SOCS1 as an anti-tumor mechanism in color-ectal cancer cell model. In HCT116 cells exposed to ionizing radiation, SOCS1 over-expression shifted cell cycle arrest from G2/M to G1 and promoted radiation-induced apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner with down-regulation of cyclin B and up-regulation of p21. On the other hand, SOCS1 knock-down resulted in a reduced apoptosis with a decrease in G1 arrest. The regulatory action of SOCS1 on the radiation response was mediated by inhibition of radiation-induced Jak3/STAT3 and Erk activities, thereby blocking G1 to S transition. Radiation-induced early ROS signal was responsible for the activation of Jak3/Erk/STAT3 that led to cell survival response. Our data col-lectively indicate that SOCS1 can promote radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells by counteracting ROS-mediated survival signal, thereby blocking cell cycle progression from G1 to S. The resulting increase in G1 arrest with p53 activation then contributes to the promotion of apoptotic response upon radiation. Thus, induction of SOCS1 expression may increase therapeutic efficacy of radiation in tumors with low SOCS1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Ryu
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Oh
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Su-Min Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Won-Gi Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Colorectal Cancer Branch, Research Center, National Cancer Institute, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Hana Jeong
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Shin-Ae Ahn
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Seol-Hee Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Jang
- Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc, Seoul 03127, Korea
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Colorectal Cancer Branch, Research Center, National Cancer Institute, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Kim
- Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc, Seoul 03127, Korea
| | - Choong-Eun Lee
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Sk MF, Jonniya NA, Roy R, Kar P. Phosphorylation-Induced Conformational Dynamics and Inhibition of Janus Kinase 1 by Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling 1. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3224-3239. [PMID: 35443129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c10733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dysfunction of the JAK/STAT (Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription) pathway results in several pathophysiological conditions, including autoimmune disorders. The negative feedback regulators of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS), act as a natural inhibitor of JAK and inhibit aberrant activity. SOCS1 is the most potent member of the SOCS family, whose kinase inhibitory region targets the substrate-binding groove of JAK with high affinity and blocks the phosphorylation of JAK kinases. Overall, we performed an aggregate of 13 μs molecular dynamics simulations on the activation loop's three different phosphorylation (double and single) states. Results from our simulations show that the single Tyr1034 phosphorylation could stabilize the JAK1/SOCS1 complex as well as the flexible activation segment. The phosphate-binding loop (P-loop) shows conformational variability at dual and single phosphorylated states. Principal component analysis and protein structure network (PSN) analysis reveal that the different phosphorylation states and SOCS1 binding induce intermediate inactive conformations of JAK1, which could be a better target for future JAK1 selective drug design. PSN analysis suggests that the com-pY1034 system is stabilized due to higher values of network hubs than the other two complex systems. Moreover, the binding free energy calculations suggest that pTyr1034 states show a higher affinity toward SOCS1 than the dual and pTyr1035 states. We believe that the mechanistic understanding of JAK1/SOCS1 complexation will aid future studies related to peptide inhibitors based on SOCS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Fulbabu Sk
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nisha Amarnath Jonniya
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rajarshi Roy
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Parimal Kar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India
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29
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Iatsiuk V, Malinka F, Pickova M, Tureckova J, Klema J, Spoutil F, Novosadova V, Prochazka J, Sedlacek R. Semantic clustering analysis of E3-ubiquitin ligases in gastrointestinal tract defines genes ontology clusters with tissue expression patterns. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:186. [PMID: 35413796 PMCID: PMC9006408 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02265-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ubiquitin ligases (Ub-ligases) are essential intracellular enzymes responsible for the regulation of proteome homeostasis, signaling pathway crosstalk, cell differentiation and stress responses. Individual Ub-ligases exhibit their unique functions based on the nature of their substrates. They create a complex regulatory network with alternative and feedback pathways to maintain cell homeostasis, being thus important players in many physiological and pathological conditions. However, the functional classification of Ub-ligases needs to be revised and extended. Methods In the current study, we used a novel semantic biclustering technique for expression profiling of Ub-ligases and ubiquitination-related genes in the murine gastrointestinal tract (GIT). We accommodated a general framework of the algorithm for finding tissue-specific gene expression clusters in GIT. In order to test identified clusters in a biological system, we used a model of epithelial regeneration. For this purpose, a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model, following with in situ hybridization, was used to expose genes with possible compensatory features. To determine cell-type specific distribution of Ub-ligases and ubiquitination-related genes, principal component analysis (PCA) and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection technique (UMAP) were used to analyze the Tabula Muris scRNA-seq data of murine colon followed by comparison with our clustering results. Results Our established clustering protocol, that incorporates the semantic biclustering algorithm, demonstrated the potential to reveal interesting expression patterns. In this manner, we statistically defined gene clusters consisting of the same genes involved in distinct regulatory pathways vs distinct genes playing roles in functionally similar signaling pathways. This allowed us to uncover the potentially redundant features of GIT-specific Ub-ligases and ubiquitination-related genes. Testing the statistically obtained results on the mouse model showed that genes clustered to the same ontology group simultaneously alter their expression pattern after induced epithelial damage, illustrating their complementary role during tissue regeneration. Conclusions An optimized semantic clustering protocol demonstrates the potential to reveal a readable and unique pattern in the expression profiling of GIT-specific Ub-ligases, exposing ontologically relevant gene clusters with potentially redundant features. This extends our knowledge of ontological relationships among Ub-ligases and ubiquitination-related genes, providing an alternative and more functional gene classification. In a similar way, semantic cluster analysis could be used for studding of other enzyme families, tissues and systems. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-022-02265-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Iatsiuk
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Malinka
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Computer Science, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Pickova
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jolana Tureckova
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Klema
- Department of Computer Science, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Spoutil
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Novosadova
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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30
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Ryu JY, Oh J, Kim SM, Kim WG, Jeong H, Ahn SA, Kim SH, Jang JY, Yoo BC, Kim CW, Lee CE. SOCS1 counteracts ROS-mediated survival signals and promotes apoptosis by modulating cell cycle to increase radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells. BMB Rep 2022; 55:198-203. [PMID: 35321782 PMCID: PMC9058468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As negative regulators of cytokine signaling pathways, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins have been reported to possess both pro-tumor and anti-tumor functions. Our recent studies have demonstrated suppressive effects of SOCS1 on epithelial to mesenchymal signaling in colorectal cancer cells in response to fractionated ionizing radiation or oxidative stress. The objective of the present study was to determine the radiosensitizing action of SOCS1 as an anti-tumor mechanism in colorectal cancer cell model. In HCT116 cells exposed to ionizing radiation, SOCS1 over-expression shifted cell cycle arrest from G2/M to G1 and promoted radiation-induced apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner with down-regulation of cyclin B and up-regulation of p21. On the other hand, SOCS1 knock-down resulted in a reduced apoptosis with a decrease in G1 arrest. The regulatory action of SOCS1 on the radiation response was mediated by inhibition of radiation-induced Jak3/STAT3 and Erk activities, thereby blocking G1 to S transition. Radiation-induced early ROS signal was responsible for the activation of Jak3/Erk/STAT3 that led to cell survival response. Our data collectively indicate that SOCS1 can promote radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells by counteracting ROS-mediated survival signal, thereby blocking cell cycle progression from G1 to S. The resulting increase in G1 arrest with p53 activation then contributes to the promotion of apoptotic response upon radiation. Thus, induction of SOCS1 expression may increase therapeutic efficacy of radiation in tumors with low SOCS1 levels. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(4): 198-203].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Ryu
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Oh
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Su-Min Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Won-Gi Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Colorectal Cancer Branch, Research Center, National Cancer Institute, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Hana Jeong
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Shin-Ae Ahn
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Seol-Hee Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Jang
- Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc, Seoul 03127, Korea
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Colorectal Cancer Branch, Research Center, National Cancer Institute, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Kim
- Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc, Seoul 03127, Korea
| | - Choong-Eun Lee
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Wang H, Man Q, Huo F, Gao X, Lin H, Li S, Wang J, Su F, Cai, L, Shi Y, Liu, B, Bu L. STAT3 pathway in cancers: Past, present, and future. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e124. [PMID: 35356799 PMCID: PMC8942302 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a member of the STAT family, discovered in the cytoplasm of almost all types of mammalian cells, plays a significant role in biological functions. The duration of STAT3 activation in normal tissues is a transient event and is strictly regulated. However, in cancer tissues, STAT3 is activated in an aberrant manner and is induced by certain cytokines. The continuous activation of STAT3 regulates the expression of downstream proteins associated with the formation, progression, and metastasis of cancers. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms of STAT3 regulation and designing inhibitors targeting the STAT3 pathway are considered promising strategies for cancer treatment. This review aims to introduce the history, research advances, and prospects concerning the STAT3 pathway in cancer. We review the mechanisms of STAT3 pathway regulation and the consequent cancer hallmarks associated with tumor biology that are induced by the STAT3 pathway. Moreover, we summarize the emerging development of inhibitors that target the STAT3 pathway and novel drug delivery systems for delivering these inhibitors. The barriers against targeting the STAT3 pathway, the focus of future research on promising targets in the STAT3 pathway, and our perspective on the overall utility of STAT3 pathway inhibitors in cancer treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han‐Qi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Qi‐Wen Man
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Fang‐Yi Huo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Xin Gao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Hao Lin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Su‐Ran Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Jing Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Fu‐Chuan Su
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Lulu Cai,
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Department of Pharmacy School of Medicine Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Yi Shi
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Bing Liu,
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Lin‐Lin Bu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
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El-shaarawy F, Abo ElAzm MM, Mohamed RH, Radwan MI, Abo-Elmatty DM, Mehanna ET. Relation of the methylation state of RUNX3 and p16 gene promoters with hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00256-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic malignancy of adults. RUNX3 and p16 are tumor suppressor genes that may be inactivated by hypermethylation which is a key epigenetic mechanism that contributes to the initiation and progression of various types of human carcinomas including HCC. The aim of this study was to assess the association of hypermethylation of RUNX3 and p16 gene promoters with the incidence of HCC in Egyptian patients. The study included 120 subjects: 30 HCC patients, 30 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) without cirrhosis, 30 cirrhotic patients, and 30 healthy volunteers. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done for detection of hypermethylated p16 and RUNX3. Serum levels of liver enzymes and albumin were detected spectrophotometrically and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was measured in serum by ELISA.
Results
Methylation of RUNX3 and p16 was detected in 25/30 (83.3%) and 26/30 (86.7%) of HCC patients, respectively. The methylation state of both RUNX3 and p16 genes was significantly higher in HCC patients compared to the control subjects (P = 0.016, OR = 4.38) and (P = 0.014, OR = 4.97), respectively. The methylation of both promoters was associated with higher AFP levels in the serum of all patients.
Conclusions
Hypermethylation of RUNX3 and p16 is significantly associated with the development of HCC and may be implicated in its pathogenesis.
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Chen SH, Xu DD, Zhou PJ, Wang Y, Liu QY, Ren Z, Liu Z, Wang X, Huang HQ, Xue X, Wang Y, Wang YF. Combination treatment with sorafenib and wh‑4 additively suppresses the proliferation of liver cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:232. [PMID: 35222709 PMCID: PMC8815050 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hong Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Xu
- College of Biotechnology, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Jun Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Ying Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Ren
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Qing Huang
- College of Biotechnology, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, P.R. China
| | - Xue Xue
- College of Biotechnology, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis Identifies TIPIN as a Prognostic Biomarker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:5764592. [PMID: 35082931 PMCID: PMC8786536 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5764592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Gene expression and DNA methylation analyses have long been used to identify cancer markers. However, a combination analysis of the gene expression and DNA methylation has yet to be performed to identify potential biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods By matching gene expression profiles and promoter methylation data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), genes with discrepant expression as well as genes with differential promoter methylation were identified. High-expression genes with low promoter methylation were defined as epigenetically induced (EI), while low-expression genes with high promoter methylation were defined as epigenetically suppressed (ES). The human protein interaction network was further integrated to construct the EI/ES gene interaction network, and the key genes in the subnet were identified as potential HCC biomarkers. The expression differences and prognostic values were verified in TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, as well as with tissue chip technology. Results Four key genes were identified: TIPIN, RBM15B, DUSP28, and TRIM31, which demonstrated the differential gene expression and prognostic value in TCGA and GEO databases. Tissue microarray analysis (TMA) revealed that TIPIN levels were altered in HCC. The upregulated TIPIN expression was associated with worse overall survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the TIPIN expression was an independent predictor of HCC. Conclusion TIPIN might be a potential novel prognostic biomarker for HCC.
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Goodman S, Chappell G, Guyton KZ, Pogribny IP, Rusyn I. Epigenetic alterations induced by genotoxic occupational and environmental human chemical carcinogens: An update of a systematic literature review. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2022; 789:108408. [PMID: 35690411 PMCID: PMC9188653 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations, such as changes in DNA methylation, histones/chromatin structure, nucleosome positioning, and expression of non-coding RNAs, are recognized among key characteristics of carcinogens; they may occur independently or concomitantly with genotoxic effects. While data on genotoxicity are collected through standardized guideline tests, data collected on epigenetic effects is far less uniform. In 2016, we conducted a systematic review of published studies of genotoxic carcinogens that reported epigenetic endpoints to better understand the evidence for epigenetic alterations of human carcinogens, and the potential association with genotoxic endpoints. Since then, the number of studies of epigenetic effects of chemicals has nearly doubled. This review stands as an update on epigenetic alterations induced by occupational and environmental human carcinogens that were previously and recently classified as Group 1 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We found that the evidence of epigenetic effects remains uneven across agents. Studies of DNA methylation are most abundant, while reports concerning effects on non-coding RNA have increased over the past 5 years. By contrast, mechanistic toxicology studies of histone modifications and chromatin state alterations remain few. We found that most publications of epigenetic effects of carcinogens were studies in exposed humans or human cells. Studies in rodents represent the second most common species used for epigenetic studies in toxicology, in vivo exposures being the most predominant. Future studies should incorporate dose- and time-dependent study designs and also investigate the persistence of effects following cessation of exposure, considering the dynamic nature of most epigenetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Goodman
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Igor P Pogribny
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Zhu H, Zhao H, Xu S, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Li J, Huang C, Ma T. Sennoside A alleviates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the hypermethylation of SOCS1 in CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105926. [PMID: 34619344 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is the consequence of chronic liver injury and is a major challenge to global health. However, successful therapy for liver fibrosis is still lacking. Sennoside A (SA), a commonly used clinical stimulant laxative, is reported to improve hepatic disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we show for the first time that SA enhanced suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) expression in a DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)-dependent manner and thereby attenuated liver fibrosis. Consistently, SA inhibited the expression of the liver fibrogenesis markers α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and type I collagen alpha-1 (Col1α1) and suppressed inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro. Coculture experiments with macrophages/hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) revealed that SA suppressed HSC proliferation by downregulating proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Mechanically, SA promoted the aberrant expression of SOCS1 in liver fibrosis. However, blocking SOCS1 expression weakened the inhibitory effect of SA on HSC proliferation, indicating that SOCS1 may play an important role in mediating the antifibrotic effect of SA. Furthermore, SA inhibited DNMT1-mediated SOCS1 and reduced HSC proliferation by inhibiting inflammatory responses in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) -induced liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huizi Zhao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Songbing Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuhao Ding
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Taotao Ma
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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The Relevance of SOCS1 Methylation and Epigenetic Therapy in Diverse Cell Populations of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11101825. [PMID: 34679523 PMCID: PMC8534387 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is a tumor suppressor gene found to be hypermethylated in cancers. It is involved in the oncogenic transformation of cirrhotic liver tissues. Here, we investigated the clinical relevance of SOCS1 methylation and modulation upon epigenetic therapy in diverse cellular populations of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC clinical specimens were evaluated for SOCS1 methylation and mRNA expression. The effect of 5-Azacytidine (5-AZA), a demethylation agent, was assessed in different subtypes of HCC cells. We demonstrated that the presence of SOCS1 methylation was significantly higher in HCC compared to peri-HCC and non-tumoral tissues (52% vs. 13% vs. 14%, respectively, p < 0.001). In vitro treatment with a non-toxic concentration of 5-AZA significantly reduced DNMT1 protein expression for stromal subtype lines (83%, 73%, and 79%, for HLE, HLF, and JHH6, respectively, p < 0.01) compared to cancer stem cell (CSC) lines (17% and 10%, for HepG2 and Huh7, respectively), with the strongest reduction in non-tumoral IHH cells (93%, p < 0.001). 5-AZA modulated the SOCS1 expression in different extents among the cells. It was restored in CSC HCC HepG2 and Huh7 more efficiently than sorafenib. This study indicated the relevance of SOCS1 methylation in HCC and how cellular heterogeneity influences the response to epigenetic therapy.
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Yoshimura A, Ito M, Mise-Omata S, Ando M. SOCS: negative regulators of cytokine signaling for immune tolerance. Int Immunol 2021; 33:711-716. [PMID: 34415326 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are important intercellular communication tools for immunity. Many cytokines promote gene transcription and proliferation through the JAK/STAT (Janus kinase / signal transducers and activators of transcription) and the Ras/ERK (GDP/GTP-binding rat sarcoma protein / extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathways, and these signaling pathways are tightly regulated. The SOCS (suppressor of cytokine signaling) family are representative negative regulators of JAK/STAT-mediated cytokine signaling and regulate the differentiation and function of T cells, thus being involved in immune tolerance. Human genetic analysis has shown that SOCS family members are strongly associated with autoimmune diseases, allergy and tumorigenesis. SOCS family proteins also function as immune-checkpoint molecules that contribute to the unresponsiveness of T cells to cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minako Ito
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Setsuko Mise-Omata
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ando
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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39
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Moser B, Edtmayer S, Witalisz-Siepracka A, Stoiber D. The Ups and Downs of STAT Inhibition in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1051. [PMID: 34440253 PMCID: PMC8392322 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a highly heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy. The management of AML is complex and despite impressive efforts into better understanding its underlying molecular mechanisms, survival rates in the elderly have not shown a substantial improvement over the past decades. This is particularly due to the heterogeneity of AML and the need for personalized approaches. Due to the crucial role of the deregulated JAK-STAT signaling in AML, selective targeting of the JAK-STAT pathway, particularly constitutively activated STAT3 and STAT5 and their associated upstream JAKs, is of great interest. This strategy has shown promising results in vitro and in vivo with several compounds having reached clinical trials. Here, we summarize recent FDA approvals and current potential clinically relevant inhibitors for AML patients targeting JAK and STAT proteins. This review underlines the need for detailed cytogenetic analysis and additional assessment of JAK-STAT pathway activation. It highlights the ongoing development of new JAK-STAT inhibitors with better disease specificity, which opens up new avenues for improved disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dagmar Stoiber
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Division Pharmacology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria; (B.M.); (S.E.); (A.W.-S.)
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40
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Abo El-Khair SM, Elalfy H, Diasty M, Ebrahim EE, Elsamanoudy AZ. Methylation degree of metalloproteinase inhibitor RECK gene: Links to RECK protein level and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic HCV infection patients. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22886. [PMID: 34392581 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The RECK gene, a tumor suppressor gene, inhibits angiogenesis, invasion, and tumor metastasis. Epigenetic regulation of the RECK gene constitutes a potent approach to the molecular basis of liver malignancy. This study aims to evaluate the promoter methylation status of the RECK gene and its serum level in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the potential association of RECK gene methylation with clinical criteria of HCC. One hundred and fifty-five subjects were included (healthy control [55], chronic HCV patients [55], HCV-related HCC patients [45]). The methylation status of the RECK gene promoter and serum RECK level were investigated by methylation-specific PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques, respectively. RECK gene promoter hypermethylation was recorded in 46.7% of HCC patients, and 10.9% of HCV patients, but not in control subjects (0%). It was related to RECK protein level, varices, edema, ascites, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and the largest diameter of focal lesions. Meanwhile, it was not associated with focal lesion number nor distant metastasis of HCC. In conclusion, RECK gene promoter hypermethylation is linked to HCV genotype-4-related HCC. Moreover, different degrees of RECK gene promoter methylation are associated with serum RECK level, lymph node metastasis, and vascular invasion, which could prove its pathogenic role in hepatocarcinogenesis in chronic HCV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa M Abo El-Khair
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hatem Elalfy
- Tropical Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Diasty
- Tropical Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman E Ebrahim
- Tropical Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ayman Z Elsamanoudy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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41
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Keewan E, Matlawska-Wasowska K. The Emerging Role of Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) in the Development and Progression of Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4000. [PMID: 34439155 PMCID: PMC8393695 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are pleiotropic signaling molecules that execute an essential role in cell-to-cell communication through binding to cell surface receptors. Receptor binding activates intracellular signaling cascades in the target cell that bring about a wide range of cellular responses, including induction of cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. The Janus kinase and transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways are activated upon cytokines and growth factors binding with their corresponding receptors. The SOCS family of proteins has emerged as a key regulator of cytokine signaling, and SOCS insufficiency leads to constitutive activation of JAK/STAT signaling and oncogenic transformation. Dysregulation of SOCS expression is linked to various solid tumors with invasive properties. However, the roles of SOCS in hematological malignancies, such as leukemia, are less clear. In this review, we discuss the recent advances pertaining to SOCS dysregulation in leukemia development and progression. We also highlight the roles of specific SOCS in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment and their possible involvement in anti-tumor immunity. Finally, we discuss the epigenetic, genetic, and post-transcriptional modifications of SOCS genes during tumorigenesis, with an emphasis on leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra’a Keewan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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42
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Kakoki M, Ramanathan PV, Hagaman JR, Grant R, Wilder JC, Taylor JM, Charles Jennette J, Smithies O, Maeda-Smithies N. Cyanocobalamin prevents cardiomyopathy in type 1 diabetes by modulating oxidative stress and DNMT-SOCS1/3-IGF-1 signaling. Commun Biol 2021; 4:775. [PMID: 34163008 PMCID: PMC8222371 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02291-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with long-standing diabetes have a high risk for cardiac complications that is exacerbated by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We found that feeding cyanocobalamin (B12), a scavenger of superoxide, not only prevented but reversed signs of cardiomyopathy in type 1 diabetic Elmo1H/H Ins2Akita/+ mice. ROS reductions in plasma and hearts were comparable to those in mice treated with other antioxidants, N-acetyl-L-cysteine or tempol, but B12 produced better cardioprotective effects. Diabetes markedly decreased plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels, while B12, but not N-acetyl-L-cysteine nor tempol, restored them. B12 activated hepatic IGF-1 production via normalization of S-adenosylmethionine levels, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)-1/3a/3b mRNA, and DNA methylation of promoters for suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1/3. Reductions of cardiac IGF-1 mRNA and phosphorylated IGF-1 receptors were also restored. Thus, B12 is a promising option for preventing diabetic cardiomyopathy via ROS reduction and IGF-1 retrieval through DNMT-SOCS1/3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Kakoki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Purushotham V Ramanathan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John R Hagaman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ruriko Grant
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer C Wilder
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joan M Taylor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Charles Jennette
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Oliver Smithies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nobuyo Maeda-Smithies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Chen B, Jia Y, Lu D, Sun Z. Acute glucose fluctuation promotes in vitro intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammation via the NOX4/ROS/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:688. [PMID: 33986853 PMCID: PMC8112130 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High blood glucose commonly occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus, but little is known of its effects on intestinal epithelial cells, or its associated mechanisms of action therein. In the present study, intestinal epithelial cells were assigned to five groups: i) The normal glucose (NG) group, incubated in 5.0 mmol/l glucose; ii) the constant high glucose (CHG) group, treated with 25.0 mmol/l glucose; iii) the intermittent high glucose (IHG) group, treated with alternating doses of 5.0 and 25.0 mmol/l glucose every 8 h; iv) the mannose group, cultured in 25.0 mmol/l mannose (the osmotic control); and v) the IHG glucose + GKT137831 group, pretreated with 100 nmol/l NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) inhibitor, GKT137831, and then exposed to IHG. TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 levels were quantified using ELISA kits. Intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and oxidative stress was evaluated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) detection. The expression levels of proteins associated with apoptosis and involved in the signal transduction of Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT3 pathway were assessed using western blot analysis. The results indicated that NOX4 expression was significantly higher in the CHG group than in the NG group (P<0.01), but lower than in the IHG group (P<0.001). The IHG group exhibited apoptosis and oxidative stress accompanied by the most significant increase in MDA, ROS and inflammatory cytokine levels (P<0.001), which was followed by that of the CHG group. Additionally, the IHG group exhibited reduced Bcl-2, as well as enhanced Bax and cleaved caspase-3 levels compared with the CHG group (P<0.001). Furthermore, the level of phosphorylated (p-)JAK/p-STAT3 was increased to a greater extent in the IHG group than in the CHG group (P<0.001). In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that CHG may trigger intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammation through the NOX4/ROS/JAK/STAT3 pathway, which may be aggravated by acute glucose fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210017, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
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Sivasudhan E, Blake N, Lu ZL, Meng J, Rong R. Dynamics of m6A RNA Methylome on the Hallmarks of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642443. [PMID: 33869193 PMCID: PMC8047153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data consistently rank hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, often posing severe economic burden on health care. While the molecular etiopathogenesis associated with genetic and epigenetic modifications has been extensively explored, the biological influence of the emerging field of epitranscriptomics and its associated aberrant RNA modifications on tumorigenesis is a largely unexplored territory with immense potential for discovering new therapeutic approaches. In particular, the underlying cellular mechanisms of different hallmarks of hepatocarcinogenesis that are governed by the complex dynamics of m6A RNA methylation demand further investigation. In this review, we reveal the up-to-date knowledge on the mechanistic and functional link between m6A RNA methylation and pathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi Sivasudhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Blake
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Zhi-Liang Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jia Meng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rong Rong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Lin L, Chen S, Wang H, Gao B, Kallakury B, Bhuvaneshwar K, Cahn K, Gusev Y, Wang X, Wu Y, Marshall JL, Zhi X, He AR. SPTBN1 inhibits inflammatory responses and hepatocarcinogenesis via the stabilization of SOCS1 and downregulation of p65 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Theranostics 2021; 11:4232-4250. [PMID: 33754058 PMCID: PMC7977457 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Spectrin, beta, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1), an adapter protein for transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling, is recognized as a tumor suppressor in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this tumor suppression remain obscure. Methods: The effects on expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon the inhibition or impairment of SPTBN1 in HCC cell lines and liver tissues of Sptbn1+/- and wild-type (WT) mice were assessed by analyses of quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting and gene array databases from HCC patients. We investigated the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory responses by immunoprecipitation-Western blotting, luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative real time PCR (ChIP-qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in liver, spleen, bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from WT and Sptbn1+/- mice were measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Further, the hepatocacinogenesis and its correlation with inflammatory microenvironment by loss of SPTBN1/SOCS1 and induction of p65 were analyzed by treating WT and Sptbn1+/- mice with 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). Results: Loss of SPTBN1 in HCC cells upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, and IL-6, and enhanced NF-κB transcriptional activation. Mechanistic analyses revealed that knockdown of SPTBN1 by siRNA downregulated the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), an E3 ligase of p65, and subsequently upregulated p65 accumulation in the nucleus of HCC cells. Restoration of SOCS1 abrogated this SPTBN1 loss-associated elevation of p65 in HCC cells. In human HCC tissues, SPTBN1 gene expression was inversely correlated with gene expression of IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6. Furthermore, a decrease in the levels of SPTBN1 gene, as well as an increase in the gene expression of IL-1β or IL-6 predicted shorter relapse free survival in HCC patients, and that HCC patients with low expression of SPTBN1 or SOCS1 protein is associated with poor survival. Heterozygous loss of SPTBN1 (Sptbn1+/-) in mice markedly upregulated hepatic expression of IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6, and elevated the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Foxp3+Treg) cells in the liver, promoting hepatocarcinogenesis of mouse fed by DDC. Conclusions: Our findings provided evidence that loss of SPTBN1 in HCC cells increases p65 protein stability via the inhibition of SOCS1 and enhances NF-κB activation, stimulating the release of inflammatory cytokines, which are critical molecular mechanisms for the loss of SPTBN1-induced liver cancer formation. Reduced SPTBN1 and SOCS1 predict poor outcome in HCC patients.
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Dees C, Pötter S, Zhang Y, Bergmann C, Zhou X, Luber M, Wohlfahrt T, Karouzakis E, Ramming A, Gelse K, Yoshimura A, Jaenisch R, Distler O, Schett G, Distler JH. TGF-β-induced epigenetic deregulation of SOCS3 facilitates STAT3 signaling to promote fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:2347-2363. [PMID: 31990678 DOI: 10.1172/jci122462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are key effector cells in tissue remodeling. They remain persistently activated in fibrotic diseases, resulting in progressive deposition of extracellular matrix. Although fibroblast activation may be initiated by external factors, prolonged activation can induce an "autonomous," self-maintaining profibrotic phenotype in fibroblasts. Accumulating evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations play a central role in establishing this persistently activated pathologic phenotype of fibroblasts. We demonstrated that in fibrotic skin of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), a prototypical idiopathic fibrotic disease, TGF-β induced the expression of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and DNMT1 in fibroblasts in a SMAD-dependent manner to silence the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) by promoter hypermethylation. Downregulation of SOCS3 facilitated activation of STAT3 to promote fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, collagen release, and fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Reestablishment of the epigenetic control of STAT3 signaling by genetic or pharmacological inactivation of DNMT3A reversed the activated phenotype of SSc fibroblasts in tissue culture, inhibited TGF-β-dependent fibroblast activation, and ameliorated experimental fibrosis in murine models. These findings identify a pathway of epigenetic imprinting of fibroblasts in fibrotic disease with translational implications for the development of targeted therapies in fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Dees
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Pötter
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Bergmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Luber
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wohlfahrt
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Karouzakis
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kolja Gelse
- Department of Trauma Surgery - Orthopedic Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rudolf Jaenisch
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oliver Distler
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hw Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Sheikh T, Sen E. p53 affects epigenetic signature on SOCS1 promoter in response to TLR4 inhibition. Cytokine 2021; 140:155418. [PMID: 33476981 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS1) functions as a negative regulator of toll-like receptor (TLR) induced inflammatory signaling. As silencing of SOCS1 is concomitant with elevated TLR4 levels in glioblastoma, we investigated the effect of TLR4 inhibition on SOCS1 expression. Pharmacological inhibition of TLR4 signaling by TAK242 or its siRNA-mediated knockdown in p53 mutant or wild-type glioma cells resulted in either increased or decreased SOCS1 expression and promoter activity, respectively. Genetic manipulation of p53 indicated that SOCS1 expression upon TLR4 inhibition is dependent on p53 mutational status. Increased SOCS1 level was concomitant with diminished nucleosomal occupancy around p53-binding site on SOCS1 promoter. This altered nucleosomal landscape was accompanied by (i) diminished nuclear H3K9me3 and (ii) increased JMJD2A and Brg1 levels. JMJD2A inhibition or ectopic expression of ATPase-deficient BRG1 prevented TAK242 mediated increase in SOCS1 expression. Recruitment of Brg1-p53-JMJD2A complex on p53 binding sites of SOCS1 promoter upon TLR4 inhibition was concomitant with increased SOCS1 expression in p53-mutant cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset indicated an inverse correlation between TLR4 and SOCS1 levels in p53 mutant but not in p53WT GBM. Taken together, p53 mutational status regulates transcriptional plasticity of SOCS1 promoter through differential recruitment of chromatin remodelers and epigenetic regulators in response to TLR4 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touseef Sheikh
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122 052, India
| | - Ellora Sen
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122 052, India.
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Iguchi E, Takai A, Takeda H, Kumagai K, Arasawa S, Eso Y, Shimizu T, Ueda Y, Marusawa H, Seno H. DNA methyltransferase 3B plays a protective role against hepatocarcinogenesis caused by chronic inflammation via maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21268. [PMID: 33277576 PMCID: PMC7719166 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) develop on the basis of chronic hepatitis, but the mechanism of epigenetic regulation in inflammatory hepatocarcinogenesis has yet to be elucidated. Among de novo DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), DNMT3B has lately been reported to act specifically on actively transcribed genes, suggesting the possibility that it plays a role in the pathogenesis of cancer. We confirmed that DNMT3B isoforms lacking its catalytic domain were highly expressed in HCCs compared with non-tumorous liver tissue. To elucidate the role of DNMT3B in hepatocarcinogenesis, we generated a genetically engineered mouse model with hepatocyte-specific Dnmt3b deletion. The liver of the Dnmt3b-deficient mice exhibited an exacerbation of thioacetamide-induced hepatitis, progression of liver fibrosis and a higher incidence of HCC compared with the liver of the control mice. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing verified a lower CG methylation level in the Dnmt3b-deficient liver, demonstrating differentially methylated regions throughout the genome. Transcriptome analysis revealed decreased expression of genes related to oxidative phosphorylation in the Dnmt3b-deficient liver. Moreover, primary hepatocytes isolated from the Dnmt3b-deficient mice showed reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity, leading to the enhancement of oxidative stress in the liver tissue. Our findings suggest the protective role of DNMT3B against chronic inflammation and HCC development via maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Iguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Haruhiko Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ken Kumagai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Soichi Arasawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuji Eso
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Ueda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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Tabatabaeian H, Peiling Yang S, Tay Y. Non-Coding RNAs: Uncharted Mediators of Thyroid Cancer Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3264. [PMID: 33158279 PMCID: PMC7694276 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent malignancy of the endocrine system and the ninth most common cancer globally. Despite the advances in the management of thyroid cancer, there are critical issues with the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer that result in the poor overall survival of undifferentiated and metastatic thyroid cancer patients. Recent studies have revealed the role of different non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) that are dysregulated during thyroid cancer development or the acquisition of resistance to therapeutics, and may play key roles in treatment failure and poor prognosis of the thyroid cancer patients. Here, we systematically review the emerging roles and molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs that regulate thyroid tumorigenesis and drug response. We then propose the potential clinical implications of ncRNAs as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Tabatabaeian
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Samantha Peiling Yang
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yvonne Tay
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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50
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Role of the JAK/STAT Pathway in Cervical Cancer: Its Relationship with HPV E6/E7 Oncoproteins. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102297. [PMID: 33076315 PMCID: PMC7602614 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is associated with the regulation of essential cellular mechanisms, such as proliferation, invasion, survival, inflammation, and immunity. Aberrant JAK/STAT signaling contributes to cancer progression and metastatic development. STAT proteins play an essential role in the development of cervical cancer, and the inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway may be essential for enhancing tumor cell death. Persistent activation of different STATs is present in a variety of cancers, including cervical cancer, and their overactivation may be associated with a poor prognosis and poor overall survival. The oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a critical role in the progression of cervical cancer and may mediate the activation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Inhibition of STAT proteins appears to show promise for establishing new targets in cancer treatment. The present review summarizes the knowledge about the participation of the different components of the JAK/STAT pathway and the participation of the human papillomavirus (HPV) associated with the process of cellular malignancy.
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