1
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Lu S, Zhou Y, Liu M, Gong L, Liu L, Duan Z, Chen K, Gonzalez FJ, Wei F, Xiang R, Li G. Superoxide is an Intrinsic Signaling Molecule Triggering Muscle Hypertrophy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38877802 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2024.0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Aims: Redox signaling plays a key role in skeletal muscle remodeling induced by exercise and prolonged inactivity, but it is unclear which oxidant triggers myofiber hypertrophy due to the lack of strategies to precisely regulate individual oxidants in vivo. In this study, we used tetrathiomolybdate (TM) to dissociate the link between superoxide (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide and thereby to specifically explore the role of O2•- in muscle hypertrophy in C2C12 cells and mice. Results: TM can linearly regulate intracellular O2•- levels by inhibition of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). A 70% increase in O2•- levels in C2C12 myoblast cells and mice is necessary and sufficient for triggering hypertrophy of differentiated myotubes and can enhance exercise performance by more than 50% in mice. SOD1 knockout blocks TM-induced O2•- increments and thereby prevents hypertrophy, whereas SOD1 restoration rescues all these effects. Scavenging O2•- with antioxidants abolishes TM-induced hypertrophy and the enhancement of exercise performance, whereas the restoration of O2•- levels with a O2•- generator promotes muscle hypertrophy independent of SOD1 activity. Innovation and Conclusion: These findings suggest that O2•- is an endogenous initiator of myofiber hypertrophy and that TM may be used to treat muscle wasting diseases. Our work not only suggests a novel druggable mechanism to increase muscle mass but also provides a tool for precisely regulating O2•- levels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Lu
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiming Zhou
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Mincong Liu
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijun Gong
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Liu
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhigui Duan
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Keke Chen
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Fang Wei
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guolin Li
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, China
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2
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Pryor JL, Sweet D, Rosbrook P, Qiao J, Hess HW, Looney DP. Resistance Training in the Heat: Mechanisms of Hypertrophy and Performance Enhancement. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:1350-1357. [PMID: 38775794 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pryor, JL, Sweet, D, Rosbrook, P, Qiao, J, Hess, HW, and Looney, DP. Resistance training in the heat: Mechanisms of hypertrophy and performance enhancement. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1350-1357, 2024-The addition of heat stress to resistance exercise or heated resistance exercise (HRE) is growing in popularity as emerging evidence indicates altered neuromuscular function and an amplification of several mechanistic targets of protein synthesis. Studies demonstrating increased protein synthesis activity have shown temperature-dependent mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation, supplemental calcium release, augmented heat shock protein expression, and altered immune and hormone activity. These intriguing observations have largely stemmed from myotube, isolated muscle fiber, or rodent models using passive heating alone or in combination with immobilization or injury models. A growing number of translational studies in humans show comparable results employing local tissue or whole-body heat with and without resistance exercise. While few, these translational studies are immensely valuable as they are most applicable to sport and exercise. As such, this brief narrative review aims to discuss evidence primarily from human HRE studies detailing the neuromuscular, hormonal, and molecular responses to HRE and subsequent strength and hypertrophy adaptations. Much remains unknown in this exciting new area of inquiry from both a mechanistic and functional perspective warranting continued research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luke Pryor
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - Daniel Sweet
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - Paul Rosbrook
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - JianBo Qiao
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - Hayden W Hess
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and
| | - David P Looney
- United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, Massachusetts
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3
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Zhang L, Saito H, Higashimoto T, Kaji T, Nakamura A, Iwamori K, Nagano R, Motooka D, Okuzaki D, Uezumi A, Seno S, Fukada SI. Regulation of muscle hypertrophy through granulin: Relayed communication among mesenchymal progenitors, macrophages, and satellite cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114052. [PMID: 38573860 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles exert remarkable regenerative or adaptive capacities in response to injuries or mechanical loads. However, the cellular networks underlying muscle adaptation are poorly understood compared to those underlying muscle regeneration. We employed single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the gene expression patterns and cellular networks activated in overloaded muscles and compared these results with those observed in regenerating muscles. The cellular composition of the 4-day overloaded muscle, when macrophage infiltration peaked, closely resembled that of the 10-day regenerating muscle. In addition to the mesenchymal progenitor-muscle satellite cell (MuSC) axis, interactome analyses or targeted depletion experiments revealed communications between mesenchymal progenitors-macrophages and macrophages-MuSCs. Furthermore, granulin, a macrophage-derived factor, inhibited MuSC differentiation, and Granulin-knockout mice exhibited blunted muscle hypertrophy due to the premature differentiation of overloaded MuSCs. These findings reveal the critical role of granulin through the relayed communications of mesenchymal progenitors, macrophages, and MuSCs in facilitating efficient muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zhang
- Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, China; Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hayato Saito
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuyoshi Higashimoto
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kaji
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayasa Nakamura
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kanako Iwamori
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryoko Nagano
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Division of Cell Heterogeneity, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeto Seno
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - So-Ichiro Fukada
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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4
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Wang S, Wang Y, Lv J, Xu C, Wei Y, Wang G, Li M. Remote Manipulation of TRPV1 Signaling by Near-Infrared Light-Triggered Nitric Oxide Nanogenerators for Specific Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303579. [PMID: 38155564 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Specific activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid member 1 (TRPV1) channels provides a new avenue for cancer treatment by inducing excessive Ca2+ influx. However, controllable manipulation of TRPV1 signaling for clinical application has remained elusive due to the challenge in finding a mild and effective method of exerting external stimulus without adverse side effects in living systems. Herein, a TRPV1-targeting near-infrared (NIR) triggered nitric oxide (NO)-releasing nanoplatform (HCuS@PDA-TRPV1/BNN6) based on polydopamine (PDA) coated hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles (HCuS NPs) is developed for specific cancer therapy. Upon NIR irradiation, the NO donor BNN6 encapsulated in NIR-responsive nanovehicles can locally generate NO to activate TRPV1 channels and induce Ca2+ influx. This NIR controlled mode enables the nanoplatform to exert its therapeutic effects below the apoptotic threshold temperature (43°C), minimizing the photothermal damage to normal tissue. Integrating this special NO-mediated therapy with HCuS NPs mediated chemodynamic therapy, the designed nanoplatform exhibits a boosted anticancer activity with negligible systematic toxicity. Together, this study provides a promising strategy for site-specific cancer therapy by spatiotemporally controlled activation of surface ion channels, thus offering a solution to an unmet clinical need in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangling Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Yalin Wang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jie Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Chunzhe Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yuxin Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Guiying Wang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
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5
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Takeda S. Memories of Professor François Gros. C R Biol 2024; 346:45-49. [PMID: 38113106 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
I joined the laboratory of Professor Francois Gros in 1987 and worked there as a postdoc with Robert Whalen until 1992. I recount the research we carried out and mention that of the other scientists also working on skeletal muscle on the 6th floor of the Molecular Biology Department of the Institut Pasteur at that time. I then present my subsequent research when I returned to Japan. I pay tribute to the influence of Professor Gros and to his support in establishing Japanese/French meetings on muscle biology and muscular dystrophy. I also invoke personal memories of Robert Whalen and Margaret Buckingham and remember the occasions when I returned to Paris to honour François Gros.
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6
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Emanuelsson EB, Arif M, Reitzner SM, Perez S, Lindholm ME, Mardinoglu A, Daub C, Sundberg CJ, Chapman MA. Remodeling of the human skeletal muscle proteome found after long-term endurance training but not after strength training. iScience 2024; 27:108638. [PMID: 38213622 PMCID: PMC10783619 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise training has tremendous systemic tissue-specific health benefits, but the molecular adaptations to long-term exercise training are not completely understood. We investigated the skeletal muscle proteome of highly endurance-trained, strength-trained, and untrained individuals and performed exercise- and sex-specific analyses. Of the 6,000+ proteins identified, >650 were differentially expressed in endurance-trained individuals compared with controls. Strikingly, 92% of the shared proteins with higher expression in both the male and female endurance groups were known mitochondrial. In contrast to the findings in endurance-trained individuals, minimal differences were found in strength-trained individuals and between females and males. Lastly, a co-expression network and comparative literature analysis revealed key proteins and pathways related to the health benefits of exercise, which were primarily related to differences in mitochondrial proteins. This network is available as an interactive database resource where investigators can correlate clinical data with global gene and protein expression data for hypothesis generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B. Emanuelsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH – Royal Institute of Technology, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan M. Reitzner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sean Perez
- Department of Biology, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Maléne E. Lindholm
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH – Royal Institute of Technology, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Carsten Daub
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Sundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark A. Chapman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Integrated Engineering, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110, USA
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7
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Alfaro GF, Rodning SP, Moisá SJ. Fetal programming effect of rumen-protected methionine on primiparous Angus × Simmental offspring's performance and skeletal muscle gene expression. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae006. [PMID: 38198718 PMCID: PMC10881097 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Primiparous Angus × Simmental dams (n = 22) with an average body weight (BW) of 449 ± 32 kg of BW were divided based on two nutritional treatments: control (CTRL) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM). The control group received bermudagrass hay, corn gluten, and soybean hulls pellets supplementation (base diet); whereas the RPM group received the base diet in addition to 0.07% of DM of RPM at a fixed rate during the last trimester of gestation and the first ~80 d of lactation, in which calves (n = 17) were early weaned. Only male calves were included in this study. After weaning, calves born to RPM dams also received RPM from weaning (day 1) to day 100. Blood sampling and skeletal muscle biopsies for subsequent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis were conducted on days 1, 25, 50, and 100 on calves. Quantitative PCR data were analyzed using GLIMMIX, and blood metabolites concentrations, BW, and body condition score (BCS) were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. There was no difference in maternal BW and BCS between treatments. Glucose and blood metabolites that served as biomarkers for liver health (e.g., aspartate transaminase, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine transaminase) were in the normal levels for all calves (P > 0.40). Calves in the RPM group had a greater expression of adipogenic genes (e.g., PPARG, LPL, and CEBPD) at day 100 compared with CTRL (P < 0.01). In addition, DNA methylation (DNMT1) and oxidative stress-related genes (SOD2 and NOS3) in the RPM group were upregulated at day 100 compared with CTRL (P < 0.01). These results may suggest that calves born to primiparous dams exposed to RPM supplementation are more prone to develop greater adipose tissue than CTRL calves. Furthermore, RPM supplementation may improve methylation processes, as shown by the upregulation of DNMT1. The results shown in our study aim at expanding the knowledge on fetal programming and early-life growth and development of beef cattle under supplementation with RPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón F Alfaro
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Soren P Rodning
- Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Sonia J Moisá
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37998, USA
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8
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Qiao B, Liu X, Wang B, Wei S. The role of periostin in cardiac fibrosis. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:191-206. [PMID: 37870704 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, which is the buildup of proteins in the connective tissues of the heart, can lead to end-stage extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and ultimately heart failure. Cardiac remodeling involves changes in gene expression in cardiac cells and ECM, which significantly leads to the morbidity and mortality in heart failure. However, despite extensive research, the elusive intricacies underlying cardiac fibrosis remain unidentified. Periostin, an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein of the fasciclin superfamily, acts as a scaffold for building complex architectures in the ECM, which improves intermolecular interactions and augments the mechanical properties of connective tissues. Recent research has shown that periostin not only contributes to normal ECM homeostasis in a healthy heart but also serves as a potent inducible regulator of cellular reorganization in cardiac fibrosis. Here, we reviewed the constitutive domain of periostin and its interaction with other ECM proteins. We have also discussed the critical pathophysiological functions of periostin in cardiac remodeling mechanisms, including two distinct yet potentially intertwined mechanisms. Furthermore, we will focus on the intrinsic complexities within periostin research, particularly surrounding the contentious issues observed in experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Qiao
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xuehao Liu
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Bailu Wang
- Clinical Trial Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shujian Wei
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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9
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Sakamoto K, Kurokawa J. [Pathophysiology of skeletal muscle during sepsis]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2024; 159:112-117. [PMID: 38432919 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.23040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
While sepsis mortality is reducing in developed countries due to advances in intensive care medicine, morbidity is increasing due to aging and obesity. ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a respiratory and limb muscle weakness experienced by many sepsis survivors and is present in 50-75% of sepsis patients. ICU-AW can persist for several years, making reintegration of sepsis survivors difficult and leading to a secondary decrease in long-term survival. Exposure of septic patients to multiple muscle-damaging factors during ICU admission, including hyperglycemia, immobility, mechanical ventilation, administration of muscle relaxants, and administration of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, may compound the hyper cytokine, hyper nitric oxide, and hyper oxidative conditions, leading to the development of ICU-AW. However, the pathogenesis of ICU-AW remains unclear, and the pathophysiology of ICU-AW awaits further elucidation to develop therapeutic strategies. Recent ICU-AW studies have also revealed that skeletal muscle itself is a key organ in the inflammatory response and metabolic abnormalities in sepsis. In this article, we review the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle in sepsis and international trends in the development of therapeutic agents based on our research results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuho Sakamoto
- Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Junko Kurokawa
- Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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10
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Endo T. Postnatal skeletal muscle myogenesis governed by signal transduction networks: MAPKs and PI3K-Akt control multiple steps. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:223-243. [PMID: 37826946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myogenesis represents one of the most intensively and extensively examined systems of cell differentiation, tissue formation, and regeneration. Muscle regeneration provides an in vivo model system of postnatal myogenesis. It comprises multiple steps including muscle stem cell (or satellite cell) quiescence, activation, migration, myogenic determination, myoblast proliferation, myocyte differentiation, myofiber maturation, and hypertrophy. A variety of extracellular signaling and subsequent intracellular signal transduction pathways or networks govern the individual steps of postnatal myogenesis. Among them, MAPK pathways (the ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK5 pathways) and PI3K-Akt signaling regulate multiple steps of myogenesis. Ca2+, cytokine, and Wnt signaling also participate in several myogenesis steps. These signaling pathways often control cell cycle regulatory proteins or the muscle-specific MyoD family and the MEF2 family of transcription factors. This article comprehensively reviews molecular mechanisms of the individual steps of postnatal skeletal muscle myogenesis by focusing on signal transduction pathways or networks. Nevertheless, no or only a partial signaling molecules or pathways have been identified in some responses during myogenesis. The elucidation of these unidentified signaling molecules and pathways leads to an extensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Endo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoicho, Inageku, Chiba, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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11
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Roberts MD, McCarthy JJ, Hornberger TA, Phillips SM, Mackey AL, Nader GA, Boppart MD, Kavazis AN, Reidy PT, Ogasawara R, Libardi CA, Ugrinowitsch C, Booth FW, Esser KA. Mechanisms of mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy: current understanding and future directions. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2679-2757. [PMID: 37382939 PMCID: PMC10625844 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy have been extensively researched since the landmark report by Morpurgo (1897) of "work-induced hypertrophy" in dogs that were treadmill trained. Much of the preclinical rodent and human resistance training research to date supports that involved mechanisms include enhanced mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, an expansion in translational capacity through ribosome biogenesis, increased satellite cell abundance and myonuclear accretion, and postexercise elevations in muscle protein synthesis rates. However, several lines of past and emerging evidence suggest that additional mechanisms that feed into or are independent of these processes are also involved. This review first provides a historical account of how mechanistic research into skeletal muscle hypertrophy has progressed. A comprehensive list of mechanisms associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy is then outlined, and areas of disagreement involving these mechanisms are presented. Finally, future research directions involving many of the discussed mechanisms are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Troy A Hornberger
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abigail L Mackey
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gustavo A Nader
- Department of Kinesiology and Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Marni D Boppart
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Andreas N Kavazis
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Paul T Reidy
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Riki Ogasawara
- Healthy Food Science Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Cleiton A Libardi
- MUSCULAB-Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank W Booth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
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12
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Mirzoev TM. The emerging role of Piezo1 channels in skeletal muscle physiology. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1171-1184. [PMID: 37975010 PMCID: PMC10643716 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Piezo1 channels are mechanically activated (MA) cation channels that are involved in sensing of various mechanical perturbations, such as membrane stretch and shear stress, and play a crucial role in cell mechanotransduction. In response to mechanical stimuli, these channels open up and allow cations to travel into the cell and induce biochemical reactions that can change the cell's metabolism and function. Skeletal muscle cells/fibers inherently depend upon mechanical cues in the form of fluid shear stress and contractions (physical exercise). For example, an exposure of skeletal muscles to chronic mechanical loading leads to increased anabolism and fiber hypertrophy, while prolonged mechanical unloading results in muscle atrophy. MA Piezo1 channels have recently emerged as key mechanosensors that are capable of linking mechanical signals and intramuscular signaling in skeletal muscle cells/fibers. This review will summarize the emerging role of Piezo1 channels in the development and regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue as well as in the regulation of skeletal muscle atrophy. In addition, an overview of potential Piezo1-related signaling pathways underlying anabolic and catabolic processes will be provided. A better understanding of Piezo1's role in skeletal muscle mechanotransduction may represent an important basis for the development of therapeutic strategies for maintaining muscle functions under disuse conditions and in some disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur M. Mirzoev
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems RAS, Moscow, Russia
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13
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Tokuda N, Watanabe D, Naito A, Yamauchi N, Ashida Y, Cheng AJ, Yamada T. Intrinsic contractile dysfunction due to impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ release in compensatory hypertrophied muscle fibers following synergist ablation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C599-C612. [PMID: 37486068 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00127.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Synergist ablation (SA) is an experimental procedure for the induction of hypertrophy. However, SA causes a decrease in specific force (i.e., force per cross-sectional area), likely due to excessive muscle use. Here, we investigated the mechanisms behind the SA-induced intrinsic contractile dysfunction, especially focusing on the excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. Male Wistar rats had unilateral surgical ablation of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles to induce compensatory hypertrophy in the plantaris muscles. Two weeks after SA, plantaris muscle was dissected from each animal and used for later analyses. SA significantly increased the mean fiber cross-sectional area (+18%). On the other hand, the ratio of depolarization-induced force to the maximum Ca2+-activated specific force, an indicator of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release, was markedly reduced in mechanically skinned fibers from the SA group (-51%). These functional defects were accompanied by an extensive fragmentation of the SR Ca2+ release channel, the ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1), and a decrease in the amount of other triad proteins (i.e., DHPR, STAC3, and junctophilin1). SA treatment also caused activation of calpain-1 and increased the amount of NADPH oxidase 2, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins (i.e., Grp78, Grp94, PDI, and Ero1), and lipid peroxidation [i.e., 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)] in SA-treated muscles. Our findings show that SA causes skeletal muscle weakness due to impaired EC coupling. This is likely to be induced by Ca2+-dependent degradation of triad proteins, which may result from Ca2+ leak from fragmented RyR1 triggered by increased oxidative stress.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Synergist ablation (SA) has widely been used to understand the mechanisms behind skeletal muscle hypertrophy. However, compensatory hypertrophied muscles display intrinsic contractile dysfunction, i.e., a hallmark of overuse. Here, we demonstrate that SA-induced compensatory hypertrophy is accompanied by muscle weakness due to impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release. This dysfunction may be caused by the degradation of triad proteins due to the reciprocal amplification of reactive oxygen species and Ca2+ signaling at the junctional space microdomain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Tokuda
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daiki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Azuma Naito
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nao Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ashida
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
- The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Takashi Yamada
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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14
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Henriquez-Olguin C, Meneses-Valdes R, Raun SH, Gallero S, Knudsen JR, Li Z, Li J, Sylow L, Jaimovich E, Jensen TE. NOX2 deficiency exacerbates diet-induced obesity and impairs molecular training adaptations in skeletal muscle. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102842. [PMID: 37572454 PMCID: PMC10440567 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 has been linked to both insulin resistance and exercise training adaptations in skeletal muscle. This study explores the previously unexamined role of NOX2 in the interplay between diet-induced insulin resistance and exercise training (ET). Using a mouse model that harbors a point mutation in the essential NOX2 regulatory subunit, p47phox (Ncf1*), we investigated the impact of this mutation on various metabolic adaptations. Wild-type (WT) and Ncf1* mice were assigned to three groups: chow diet, 60% energy fat diet (HFD), and HFD with access to running wheels (HFD + E). After a 16-week intervention, a comprehensive phenotypic assessment was performed, including body composition, glucose tolerance, energy intake, muscle insulin signaling, redox-related proteins, and mitochondrial adaptations. The results revealed that NOX2 deficiency exacerbated the impact of HFD on body weight, body composition, and glucose intolerance. Moreover, in Ncf1* mice, ET did not improve glucose tolerance or increase muscle cross-sectional area. ET normalized body fat independently of genotype. The lack of NOX2 activity during ET reduced several metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle, including insulin signaling and expression of Hexokinase II and oxidative phosphorylation complexes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that NOX2 mediates key beneficial effects of exercise training in the context of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henriquez-Olguin
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Exercise Science Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Roberto Meneses-Valdes
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Steffen H Raun
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Samantha Gallero
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas R Knudsen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhencheng Li
- College of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, CN, China
| | - Lykke Sylow
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Enrique Jaimovich
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas E Jensen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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15
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Takagi R, Tabuchi A, Hayakawa K, Osana S, Yabuta H, Hoshino D, Poole DC, Kano Y. Chronic repetitive cooling and caffeine-induced intracellular Ca 2+ elevation differentially impact adaptations in slow- and fast-twitch rat skeletal muscles. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R172-R180. [PMID: 37335015 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00063.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is considered important in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass. This study tested the hypothesis that chronic repeated cooling and/or caffeine ingestion would acutely increase [Ca2+]i and hypertrophy muscles potentially in a fiber-type-dependent manner. Control rats and those fed caffeine were subjected to repeated bidiurnal treatments of percutaneous icing, under anesthesia, to reduce the muscle temperature below ∼5°C. The predominantly fast-twitch tibialis anterior (TA) and slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were evaluated after 28 days of intervention. The [Ca2+]i elevating response to icing was enhanced by caffeine loading only in the SOL muscle, with the response present across a significantly higher temperature range than in the TA muscle under caffeine-loading conditions. In both the TA and SOL muscles, myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) was decreased by chronic caffeine treatment (mean reductions of 10.5% and 20.4%, respectively). However, in the TA, but not the SOL, CSA was restored by icing (+15.4 ± 4.3% vs. noniced, P < 0.01). In the SOL, but not TA, icing + caffeine increased myofiber number (20.5 ± 6.7%, P < 0.05) and satellite cell density (2.5 ± 0.3-fold) in cross sections. These contrasting muscle responses to cooling and caffeine may reflect fiber-type-specific [Ca2+]i responses and/or differential responses to elevated [Ca2+]i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takagi
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ayaka Tabuchi
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosei Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shion Osana
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Sport and Medical Science, Kokushikan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yabuta
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hoshino
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David C Poole
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
| | - Yutaka Kano
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Nanba D, Sakabe JI, Mosig J, Brouard M, Toki F, Shimokawa M, Kamiya M, Braschler T, Azzabi F, Droz-Georget Lathion S, Johnsson K, Roy K, Schmid CD, Bureau JB, Rochat A, Barrandon Y. Low temperature and mTOR inhibition favor stem cell maintenance in human keratinocyte cultures. EMBO Rep 2023:e55439. [PMID: 37139607 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult autologous human epidermal stem cells can be extensively expanded ex vivo for cell and gene therapy. Identifying the mechanisms involved in stem cell maintenance and defining culture conditions to maintain stemness is critical, because an inadequate environment can result in the rapid conversion of stem cells into progenitors/transient amplifying cells (clonal conversion), with deleterious consequences on the quality of the transplants and their ability to engraft. Here, we demonstrate that cultured human epidermal stem cells respond to a small drop in temperature through thermoTRP channels via mTOR signaling. Exposure of cells to rapamycin or a small drop in temperature induces the nuclear translocation of mTOR with an impact on gene expression. We also demonstrate by single-cell analysis that long-term inhibition of mTORC1 reduces clonal conversion and favors the maintenance of stemness. Taken together, our results demonstrate that human keratinocyte stem cells can adapt to environmental changes (e.g., small variations in temperature) through mTOR signaling and constant inhibition of mTORC1 favors stem cell maintenance, a finding of high importance for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nanba
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Division of Aging and Regeneration, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Sakabe
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and A*STAR Skin Research Labs, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Johannes Mosig
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Brouard
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fujio Toki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Division of Aging and Regeneration, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Shimokawa
- Division of Aging and Regeneration, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mako Kamiya
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Braschler
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fahd Azzabi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Droz-Georget Lathion
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kai Johnsson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Keya Roy
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and A*STAR Skin Research Labs, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Christoph D Schmid
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bureau
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ariane Rochat
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yann Barrandon
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and A*STAR Skin Research Labs, Singapore City, Singapore
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17
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Vilchinskaya N, Lim WF, Belova S, Roberts TC, Wood MJA, Lomonosova Y. Investigating Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase/Eukaryotic Translation Elongation Factor 2 Pathway Regulation and Its Role in Protein Synthesis Impairment during Disuse-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023:S0002-9440(23)00060-3. [PMID: 36871751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The principal mechanism underlying the reduced rate of protein synthesis in atrophied skeletal muscle is largely unknown. Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2k) impairs the ability of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF2) to bind to the ribosome via T56 phosphorylation. Perturbations in the eEF2k/eEF2 pathway during various stages of disuse muscle atrophy have been investigated utilizing a rat hind limb suspension (HS) model. Two distinct components of eEF2k/eEF2 pathway misregulation were demonstrated, observing a significant (P < 0.01) increase in eEF2k mRNA expression as early as 1-day HS and in eEF2k protein level after 3-day HS. We set out to determine whether eEF2k activation is a Ca2+-dependent process with involvement of Cav1.1. The ratio of T56-phosphorylated/total eEF2 was robustly elevated after 3-day HS, which was completely reversed by BAPTA-AM and decreased by 1.7-fold (P < 0.05) by nifedipine. Transfection of C2C12 with pCMV-eEF2k and administration with small molecules were used to modulate eEF2k and eEF2 activity. More important, pharmacologic enhancement of eEF2 phosphorylation induced phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 kinase (T389) up-regulation and restoration of global protein synthesis in the HS rats. Taken together, the eEF2k/eEF2 pathway is up-regulated during disuse muscle atrophy involving calcium-dependent activation of eEF2k partly via Cav1.1. The study provides evidence, in vitro and in vivo, of the eEF2k/eEF2 pathway impact on ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity as well as protein expression of key atrophy biomarkers, muscle atrophy F-box/atrogin-1 and muscle RING finger-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wooi Fang Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom; MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas C Roberts
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom; MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J A Wood
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom; MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yulia Lomonosova
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom; MDUK Oxford Neuromuscular Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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18
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New Insights into the Regulation of mTOR Signaling via Ca 2+-Binding Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043923. [PMID: 36835331 PMCID: PMC9959742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors are important regulators of cell growth and proliferation. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central kinase that maintains cellular homeostasis in response to a variety of extracellular and intracellular inputs. Dysregulation of mTOR signaling is associated with many diseases, including diabetes and cancer. Calcium ion (Ca2+) is important as a second messenger in various biological processes, and its intracellular concentration is tightly regulated. Although the involvement of Ca2+ mobilization in mTOR signaling has been reported, the detailed molecular mechanisms by which mTOR signaling is regulated are not fully understood. The link between Ca2+ homeostasis and mTOR activation in pathological hypertrophy has heightened the importance in understanding Ca2+-regulated mTOR signaling as a key mechanism of mTOR regulation. In this review, we introduce recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of regulation of mTOR signaling by Ca2+-binding proteins, particularly calmodulin (CaM).
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19
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TRPV1 Dysfunction Impairs Gastric Nitrergic Neuromuscular Relaxation in High-Fat Diet-Induced Diabetic Gastroparesis Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:548-557. [PMID: 36740184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) is characterized by delayed gastric emptying of solid food without mechanical obstruction. Nitrergic neuron-mediated fundus relaxation and intragastric peristalsis are pivotal for gastric emptying and are impaired in patients with DGP. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channels are expressed in gastrointestinal vagal afferent nerves and have a potential role in relevant gastrointestinal disorders. In this study, mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), associated with gastroparesis, were used to determine the role of TRPV1 in DGP. After feeding with an HFD, mice exhibited obesity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and delayed gastric emptying. Cholinergic- and nitrergic-mediated neuromuscular contractions and relaxation were impaired. The antral tone of the DGP mice was also attenuated. Interestingly, activating or suppressing TRPV1 facilitates or inhibits gastric fundus relaxation in normal mice. These effects were neutralized by using a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Activation or suppression of TRPV1 also increases or reduces NO release. TRPV1 is specifically localized with neuronal NOS in the gastric fundus. These data suggest that TRPV1 activation facilitates gastric fundus relaxation by regulating neuronal NOS and promoting NO release. However, these effects and mechanisms disappeared in mice with DGP induced by an HFD diet. TRPV1 expression was only marginally decreased in the fundus of DGP mice. TRPV1 dysfunction may be a potential mechanism underlying the dysfunction of DGP gastric nitrergic neuromuscular relaxation.
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20
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Huang K, Chiang Y, Huang T, Chen H, Lin P, Ali M, Hsia S. Capsaicin alleviates cisplatin-induced muscle loss and atrophy in vitro and in vivo. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:182-197. [PMID: 36401337 PMCID: PMC9891949 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (CP) is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug with subsequent adverse effects on different organs and tissues including skeletal muscle loss and atrophy as the most common clinical symptoms. The molecular mechanism of cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy is not clearly understood. However, recent significant advances indicate that it is related to an imbalance in both the protein status and apoptosis. Capsaicin (CAP) is one of the major ingredients in chilli peppers. It is a valuable pharmacological agent with several therapeutic applications in controlling pain and inflammation with particular therapeutic potential in muscle atrophy. However, the mechanisms underlying its protective effects against cisplatin-induced muscle loss and atrophy remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate capsaicin's beneficial effects on cisplatin-induced muscle loss and atrophy in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The anti-muscle-atrophic effect of capsaicin on cisplatin-induced muscle loss was investigated using in vivo and in vitro studies. By using the pretreatment model, pretreated capsaicin for 24 h and treated with cisplatin for 48 h, we utilized a C2 C12 myotube formation model where cell viability analysis, immunofluorescence, and protein expression were measured to investigate the effect of capsaicin in hampering cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy. C57BL/6 mice were administered capsaicin (10, 40 mg/kg BW) as a pretreatment for 5 weeks and cisplatin (3 mg/kg BW) for seven consecutively days to assess muscle atrophy in an animal model for protein and oxidative stress examination, and the grip strength was tested to evaluate the muscle strength. RESULTS Our study results indicated that cisplatin caused lower cell viability and showed a subset of hallmark signs typically recognized during atrophy, including severe reduction in the myotube diameter, repression of Akt, and mTOR protein expression. However, pretreatment with capsaicin could ameliorate cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy by up-regulating the protein synthesis in skeletal muscle as well as down-regulating the markers of protein degradation. Additionally, capsaicin was able to downregulate the protein expression of apoptosis-related markers, activated TRPV1 and autophagy progress modulation and the recovery of lysosome function. In vivo, capsaicin could relieve oxidative stress and cytokine secretion while modulating autophagy-related lysosome fusion, improving grip strength, and alleviating cisplatin-induced body weight loss and gastrocnemius atrophy. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that capsaicin can restore cisplatin-induced imbalance between protein synthesis and protein degradation pathways and it may have protective effects against cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko‐Chieh Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of NutritionTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of NutritionTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tsui‐Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and TechnologyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hsin‐Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of NutritionTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Po‐Han Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of NutritionTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Cancer Progression Research CenterNational Yang‐Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of PharmacyAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Shih‐Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of NutritionTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of NutritionTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Food and Safety, College of NutritionTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Nutrition Research CenterTaipei Medical University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- TMU Research Center for Digestive MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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21
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Kent E, Coleman S, Bruemmer J, Casagrande RR, Levihn C, Romo G, Herkelman K, Hess T. Comparison of an Antioxidant Source and Antioxidant Plus BCAA on Athletic Performance and Post Exercise Recovery of Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 121:104200. [PMID: 36577471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant supplementation decreases postexercise oxidative stress but could also decrease muscle protein synthesis. This study compared the effects of three diets: low antioxidant (control, CON), high antioxidant (AO), and branched-chain amino acid high antioxidant (BCAO) supplementation on postexercise protein synthesis and oxidative stress. We hypothesized that supplementing antioxidants with branched-chain amino acids(BCAA) would reduce oxidative stress without hindering muscle protein synthesis. Eighteen mixed-breed polo horses (11 mares and 7 geldings, with age range between 5 and 18 years, were on CON diet for 30 days (from day -45 until day 0) and then were assigned to one of the treatments after the first lactate threshold test (day 0, LT). LT were also conducted on days 15 and 30 of supplemenation. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring blood glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde concentrations before 2 and 4 hours after each LT. Muscle biopsies were taken before and 4 hours after each LT and analyzed for gene expression of protein synthesis by RTqPCR. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and compared by least-square means. A reduction in oxidative stress occurred over time (P < .05), from day 0 to day 30. An up-regulation in the abundance of muscle protein mRNA transcripts was found for CD36, CPT1, PDK4, MYF5, and MYOG (P < .05) after all lactate threshold tests, without a treatment effect. A treatment-by-exercise effect was observed for MYOD1 (P = .0041). Transcript abundance was upregulated in AO samples post exercise compared to other treatments. MYF6 exhibited a time-by-treatment effect (P = .045), where abundance increased more in AO samples from day 0 to day 15 and 30 compared to other treatments. Transcript abundance for metabolic and myogenic genes was upregulated in post exercise muscle samples with no advantage from supplementation of antioxidants with branched-chain amino acids compared to antioxidants alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kent
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO
| | - Stephen Coleman
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO
| | - Jason Bruemmer
- USDA APHIS WS, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Regan R Casagrande
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO
| | - Christine Levihn
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO
| | - Grace Romo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO
| | | | - Tanja Hess
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO.
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22
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Martínez-Ferrán M, Berlanga LA, Barcelo-Guido O, Matos-Duarte M, Vicente-Campos D, Sánchez-Jorge S, Romero-Morales C, Munguía-Izquierdo D, Pareja-Galeano H. Antioxidant vitamin supplementation on muscle adaptations to resistance training: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Nutrition 2023; 105:111848. [PMID: 36283241 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine whether antioxidant vitamin supplementation with vitamin C (VitC) and vitamin E (VitE) affects the hypertrophic and functional adaptations to resistance training in trained men. METHODS This was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial in which participants were supplemented daily with VitC and VitE ( n = 12) or placebo ( n = 11) while completing a 10-wk resistance training program accompanied by a dietary intervention (300 kcal surplus and adequate protein intake) designed to optimize hypertrophy. Body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), handgrip strength, and one-repetition maximum (1-RM), maximal force (F0), velocity (V0), and power (Pmax) were measured in bench press (BP) and squat (SQ) tests conducted before and after the intervention. To detect between-group differences, multiple-mixed analysis of variance, standardized differences, and qualitative differences were estimated. Relative changes within each group were assessed using a paired Student's t test. RESULTS In both groups, similar improvements were produced in BP 1-RM , SQ 1-RM SQ, and BP F0 (P < 0.05) after the resistance training program. A small effect size was observed for BP 1-RM (d = 0.53), BP F0 (d = 0.48), and SQ 1-RM (d = -0.39), but not for SQ F0 (d = 0.03). Dominant handgrip strength was significantly increased only in the placebo group (P < 0.05). According to body composition data, a significant increase was produced in upper body fat-free mass soft tissue (FFMST; P < 0.05) in the placebo group, whereas neither total nor segmental FFMST was increased in the vitamin group. Small intervention effect sizes were observed for upper body FFSMT (d = 0.32), non-dominant and dominant leg FFMST (d = -0.39; d = -0.42). Although a significant increase in total body fat was observed in both groups (P < 0.05) only the placebo group showed an increase in visceral adipose tissue (P < 0.05), showing a substantial intervention effect (d = 0.85). CONCLUSIONS The data indicated that, although VitC/VitE supplementation seemed to blunt upper body strength and hypertrophy adaptations to resistance training, it could also mitigate gains in visceral adipose tissue elicited by an energy surplus.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Ferrán
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Luis A Berlanga
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Barcelo-Guido
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Diego Munguía-Izquierdo
- Physical Performance and Sports Research Center, Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Helios Pareja-Galeano
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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23
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Yuan J, Wu L, Xue Z, Xu G, Wu Y. Application and progress of blood flow restriction training in improving muscle mass and strength in the elderly. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1155314. [PMID: 37035674 PMCID: PMC10079911 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1155314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
As an emerging training method, blood flow restriction training has been proved to promote the growth of muscle mass and strength. In recent years, it has been gradually applied in different populations. However, there are few studies on how blood flow restriction training affects muscle mass and strength in the elderly. The relevant literature is compiled and summarized in this study. Through the comparison of blood flow restriction training with traditional training methods and its application in the elderly, it shows that blood flow restriction training can effectively increase muscle mass and strength, prevent muscle atrophy, improve cardiopulmonary function, facilitate injury and postoperative rehabilitation, and intervene in related degenerative diseases as a training method suitable for the elderly,. The main mechanism of blood flow restriction training promoting muscle mass and strength growth is metabolic stress response, including muscle fiber recruitment, protein synthesis signal pathway activation, hormone secretion, etc., and is also related to cell swelling caused by pressure. At present, although the application of blood flow restriction training in the elderly population is increasing, there is a lack of personalized programs. In the future, more research on the dose effect and safety of blood flow restriction training is needed to develop more accurate personalized training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guodong Xu
- *Correspondence: Guodong Xu, ; Yuxiang Wu,
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- *Correspondence: Guodong Xu, ; Yuxiang Wu,
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24
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Calella P, Cerullo G, Di Dio M, Liguori F, Di Onofrio V, Gallè F, Liguori G. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of spirulina in exercise and sport: A systematic review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1048258. [PMID: 36590230 PMCID: PMC9795056 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1048258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrospira platensis, also known as spirulina, is currently one of the most well-known algae supplements, mainly due to its high content of bioactive compounds that may promote human health. Some authors have hypothesized that spirulina consumption could protect subjects from exercise-induced oxidative stress, accelerate recovery by reducing muscle damage, and stimulate the immune system. Based on this, the main goal of this review was to critically analyze the effects of spirulina on oxidative stress, immune system, inflammation and performance in athletes and people undergoing exercise interventions. Of the 981 articles found, 428 studies were considered eligible and 13 met the established criteria and were included in this systematic review. Most recently spirulina supplementation has demonstrated ergogenic potential during submaximal exercise, increasing oxygen uptake and improving exercise tolerance. Nevertheless, spirulina supplementation does not seem to enhance physical performance in power athletes. Considering that data supporting benefits to the immune system from spirulina supplementation is still lacking, overall evidence regarding the benefit of spirulina supplementation in healthy people engaged in physical exercise is scarce and not consistent. Currently, spirulina supplementation might be considered in athletes who do not meet the recommended dietary intake of antioxidants. Further high-quality research is needed to evaluate the effects of spirulina consumption on performance, the immune system and recovery in athletes and active people. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=262896], identifier [CRD42021262896].
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Calella
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy,*Correspondence: Giuseppe Cerullo,
| | - Mirella Di Dio
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Liguori
- Department of Economics and Legal Studies, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Onofrio
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
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25
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Schouten M, Dalle S, Koppo K. Molecular Mechanisms Through Which Cannabidiol May Affect Skeletal Muscle Metabolism, Inflammation, Tissue Regeneration, and Anabolism: A Narrative Review. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2022; 7:745-757. [PMID: 36454174 DOI: 10.1089/can.2022.0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonintoxicating constituent of the cannabis plant, recently gained a lot of interest among athletes, since it is no longer considered as a prohibited substance by the World Anti-Doping Agency. The increasing prevalence of CBD use among athletes is driven by a perceived improvement in muscle recovery and a reduction in pain. However, compelling evidence from intervention studies is lacking and the precise mechanisms through which CBD may improve muscle recovery remain unknown. This highlights the need for more scientific studies and an evidence-based background. In the current review, the state-of-the-art knowledge on the effects of CBD on skeletal muscle tissue is summarized with special emphasis on the underlying mechanisms and molecular targets. More specifically, the large variety of receptor families that are believed to be involved in CBD's physiological effects are discussed. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro studies that investigated the actual effects of CBD on skeletal muscle metabolism, inflammation, tissue regeneration, and anabolism are summarized, together with the functional effects of CBD supplementation on muscle recovery in human intervention trials. Overall, CBD was effective to increase the expression of metabolic regulators in muscle of obese mice (e.g., Akt, glycogen synthase kinase-3). CBD treatment in rodents reduced muscle inflammation following eccentric exercise (i.e., nuclear factor kappa B [NF-κB]), in a model of muscle dystrophy (e.g., interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha) and of obesity (e.g., COX-2, NF-κB). In addition, CBD did not affect in vitro or in vivo muscle anabolism, but improved satellite cell differentiation in dystrophic muscle. In humans, there are some indications that CBD supplementation improved muscle recovery (e.g., creatine kinase) and performance (e.g., squat performance). However, CBD doses were highly variable (between 16.7 and 150 mg) and there are some methodological concerns that should be considered. Conclusion: CBD has the prospective to become an adequate supplement that may improve muscle recovery. However, this research domain is still in its infancy and future studies addressing the molecular and functional effects of CBD in response to exercise are required to further elucidate the ergogenic potential of CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniek Schouten
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Dalle
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Koppo
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Functional Nutrients to Ameliorate Neurogenic Muscle Atrophy. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111149. [DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenic muscle atrophy is a debilitating condition that occurs from nerve trauma in association with diseases or during aging, leading to reduced interaction between motoneurons and skeletal fibers. Current therapeutic approaches aiming at preserving muscle mass in a scenario of decreased nervous input include physical activity and employment of drugs that slow down the progression of the condition yet provide no concrete resolution. Nutritional support appears as a precious tool, adding to the success of personalized medicine, and could thus play a relevant part in mitigating neurogenic muscle atrophy. We herein summarize the molecular pathways triggered by denervation of the skeletal muscle that could be affected by functional nutrients. In this narrative review, we examine and discuss studies pertaining to the use of functional ingredients to counteract neurogenic muscle atrophy, focusing on their preventive or curative means of action within the skeletal muscle. We reviewed experimental models of denervation in rodents and in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as that caused by aging, considering the knowledge generated with use of animal experimental models and, also, from human studies.
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Dutta S, Sengupta P, Das S, Slama P, Roychoudhury S. Reactive Nitrogen Species and Male Reproduction: Physiological and Pathological Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810574. [PMID: 36142487 PMCID: PMC9506194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), like reactive oxygen species (ROS), are useful for sustaining reproductive processes such as cell signaling, the regulation of hormonal biosynthesis, sperm capacitation, hyperactivation, and acrosome reaction. However, endogenous levels of RNS beyond physiological limits can impair fertility by disrupting testicular functions, reducing gonadotropin production, and compromising semen quality. Excessive RNS levels cause a variety of abnormalities in germ cells and gametes, particularly in the membranes and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and severely impair the maturation and fertilization processes. Cell fragmentation and developmental blockage, usually at the two-cell stage, are also connected with imbalanced redox status of the embryo during its early developmental stage. Since high RNS levels are closely linked to male infertility and conventional semen analyses are not reliable predictors of the assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes for such infertility cases, it is critical to develop novel ways of assessing and treating oxidative and/or nitrosative stress-mediated male infertility. This review aims to explicate the physiological and pathological roles of RNS and their relationship with male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia
- School of Medical Sciences, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), 173 Agaram Main Rd., Selaiyur, Chennai 600073, India
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- School of Medical Sciences, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), 173 Agaram Main Rd., Selaiyur, Chennai 600073, India
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia
| | - Sanghamitra Das
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Shubhadeep Roychoudhury
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (S.R.)
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28
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Ohsawa Y, Ohtsubo H, Saito Y, Nishimatsu S, Hagiwara H, Murakami T, Nishino I, Sunada Y. Caveolin 3 suppresses phosphorylation-dependent activation of sarcolemmal nNOS. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 628:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Owen RN, Semanchik PL, Latham CM, Brennan KM, White-Springer SH. Elevated dietary selenium rescues mitochondrial capacity impairment induced by decreased vitamin E intake in young exercising horses. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6652331. [PMID: 35908793 PMCID: PMC9339289 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of mitochondrial health, which is supported in part by dietary antioxidants such as selenium (Se) and vitamin E (vitE), is pertinent to optimizing athletic performance. Deficiencies in Se and vitE negatively impact muscle health but mitochondrial adaptations to various levels of dietary Se and vitE are poorly understood. Young Quarter Horses (mean ± SD: 17.6 ± 0.9 mo) undergoing submaximal exercise training were used to test the hypothesis that a proprietary antioxidant blend containing elevated Se yeast (EconomasE, Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY) would improve mitochondrial characteristics compared to Se at current requirements, even with reduced vitE intake. Horses were balanced by age, sex, body weight (BW), and farm of origin and randomly assigned to one of three custom-formulated concentrates fed at 1% BW (dry matter, DM basis) for 12 wk: 1) 100 IU vitE/kg DM and 0.1 mg Se/kg DM (CON, n = 6); 2) no added vitE plus EconomasE to provide 0.1 mg Se/kg DM (ESe1, n = 6); or 3) no added vitE plus EconomasE to provide 0.3 mg Se/kg DM (ESe3, n = 6). Samples collected at week 0 and 12 were analyzed for serum Se and middle gluteal glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and mitochondrial enzyme activities by kinetic colorimetry and mitochondrial capacities by high-resolution respirometry. Data were analyzed using mixed linear models in SAS v9.4 with repeated measures (time) and fixed effects of time, diet, and time × diet; horse(diet) served as a random effect. Serum Se tended to increase in all horses by week 12 (P = 0.08) but was unaffected by diet. Muscle GPx activity remained similar among all horses throughout the duration of the study. Mitochondrial volume density (citrate synthase [CS] activity), integrative function (cytochrome c oxidase [CCO] activity per mg protein), and integrative (per mg tissue) oxidative (P) and electron transfer (E) capacities increased from week 0 to 12 in all horses (P ≤ 0.01). Intrinsic (relative to CS) CCO activity decreased in all horses (P = 0.001), while intrinsic P and E capacities decreased only in ESe1 horses from week 0 to 12 (P ≤ 0.002). These results suggest that feeding EconomasE to provide 0.3 mg Se/kg DM may prevent adverse effects of removing 100 IU dietary vitE/kg DM on mitochondria in young horses. More research is needed to determine optimal dietary Se and vitE levels in performance horses to maximize mitochondrial energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi N Owen
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Pier L Semanchik
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Christine M Latham
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | | | - Sarah H White-Springer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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30
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Ito N, Takatsu A, Ito H, Koike Y, Yoshioka K, Kamei Y, Imai SI. Slc12a8 in the lateral hypothalamus maintains energy metabolism and skeletal muscle functions during aging. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111131. [PMID: 35905718 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and frailty are urgent socio-economic problems worldwide. Here we demonstrate a functional connection between the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and skeletal muscle through Slc12a8, a recently identified nicotinamide mononucleotide transporter, and its relationship to sarcopenia and frailty. Slc12a8-expressing cells are mainly localized in the LH. LH-specific knockdown of Slc12a8 in young mice decreases activity-dependent energy and carbohydrate expenditure and skeletal muscle functions, including muscle mass, muscle force, intramuscular glycolysis, and protein synthesis. LH-specific Slc12a8 knockdown also decreases sympathetic nerve signals at neuromuscular junctions and β2-adrenergic receptors in skeletal muscle, indicating the importance of the LH-sympathetic nerve-β2-adrenergic receptor axis. LH-specific overexpression of Slc12a8 in aged mice significantly ameliorates age-associated decreases in energy expenditure and skeletal muscle functions. Our results highlight an important role of Slc12a8 in the LH for regulation of whole-body metabolism and skeletal muscle functions and provide insights into the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and frailty during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ito
- AMED Frailty Research Laboratory (Teijin), AMED Cyclic Innovation for Clinical Empowerment (CiCLE), Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Ai Takatsu
- AMED Frailty Research Laboratory (Teijin), AMED Cyclic Innovation for Clinical Empowerment (CiCLE), Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ito
- AMED Frailty Research Laboratory (Teijin), AMED Cyclic Innovation for Clinical Empowerment (CiCLE), Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuka Koike
- AMED Frailty Research Laboratory (Teijin), AMED Cyclic Innovation for Clinical Empowerment (CiCLE), Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshioka
- Institute for Research on Productive Aging (IRPA), Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Imai
- AMED Frailty Research Laboratory (Teijin), AMED Cyclic Innovation for Clinical Empowerment (CiCLE), Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (FBRI), Kobe, Japan; Department of Developmental Biology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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31
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Dalle S, Schouten M, Meeus G, Slagmolen L, Koppo K. Molecular networks underlying cannabinoid signaling in skeletal muscle plasticity. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3517-3540. [PMID: 35862111 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The cannabinoid system is ubiquitously present and is classically considered to engage in neural and immunity processes. Yet, the role of the cannabinoid system in the whole body and tissue metabolism via central and peripheral mechanisms is increasingly recognized. The present review provides insights in (i) how cannabinoid signaling is regulated via receptor-independent and -dependent mechanisms and (ii) how these signaling cascades (might) affect skeletal muscle plasticity and physiology. Receptor-independent mechanisms include endocannabinoid metabolism to eicosanoids and the regulation of ion channels. Alternatively, endocannabinoids can act as ligands for different classic (cannabinoid receptor 1 [CB1 ], CB2 ) and/or alternative (e.g., TRPV1, GPR55) cannabinoid receptors with a unique affinity, specificity, and intracellular signaling cascade (often tissue-specific). Antagonism of CB1 might hold clues to improve oxidative (mitochondrial) metabolism, insulin sensitivity, satellite cell growth, and muscle anabolism, whereas CB2 agonism might be a promising way to stimulate muscle metabolism and muscle cell growth. Besides, CB2 ameliorates muscle regeneration via macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, induction of MyoD and myogenin expression and antifibrotic mechanisms. Also TRPV1 and GPR55 contribute to the regulation of muscle growth and metabolism. Future studies should reveal how the cannabinoid system can be targeted to improve muscle quantity and/or quality in conditions such as ageing, disease, disuse, and metabolic dysregulation, taking into account challenges that are inherent to modulation of the cannabinoid system, such as central and peripheral side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Dalle
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Moniek Schouten
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gitte Meeus
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lotte Slagmolen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Koppo
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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32
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Fukada SI, Higashimoto T, Kaneshige A. Differences in muscle satellite cell dynamics during muscle hypertrophy and regeneration. Skelet Muscle 2022; 12:17. [PMID: 35794679 PMCID: PMC9258228 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-022-00300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle homeostasis and function are ensured by orchestrated cellular interactions among several types of cells. A noticeable aspect of skeletal muscle biology is the drastic cell–cell communication changes that occur in multiple scenarios. The process of recovering from an injury, which is known as regeneration, has been relatively well investigated. However, the cellular interplay that occurs in response to mechanical loading, such as during resistance training, is poorly understood compared to regeneration. During muscle regeneration, muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) rebuild multinuclear myofibers through a stepwise process of proliferation, differentiation, fusion, and maturation, whereas during mechanical loading-dependent muscle hypertrophy, MuSCs do not undergo such stepwise processes (except in rare injuries) because the nuclei of MuSCs become directly incorporated into the mature myonuclei. In this review, six specific examples of such differences in MuSC dynamics between regeneration and hypertrophy processes are discussed.
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Rodrigues P, Trajano GS, Stewart IB, Minett GM. Potential role of passively increased muscle temperature on contractile function. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:2153-2162. [PMID: 35771296 PMCID: PMC9463203 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Declines in muscle force, power, and contractile function can be observed in older adults, clinical populations, inactive individuals, and injured athletes. Passive heating exposure (e.g., hot baths, sauna, or heated garments) has been used for health purposes, including skeletal muscle treatment. An acute increase in muscle temperature by passive heating can increase the voluntary rate of force development and electrically evoked contraction properties (i.e., time to peak twitch torque, half-relation time, and electromechanical delay). The improvements in the rate of force development and evoked contraction assessments with increased muscle temperature after passive heating reveal peripheral mechanisms’ potential role in enhancing muscle contraction. This review aimed to summarise, discuss, and highlight the potential role of an acute passive heating stimulus on skeletal muscle cells to improve contractile function. These mechanisms include increased calcium kinetics (release/reuptake), calcium sensitivity, and increased intramuscular fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Rodrigues
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, A Wing O Block, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia.
| | - Gabriel S Trajano
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, A Wing O Block, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Ian B Stewart
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, A Wing O Block, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Geoffrey M Minett
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, A Wing O Block, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
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Cordingley DM, Anderson JE, Cornish SM. Myokine Response to Blood-Flow Restricted Resistance Exercise in Younger and Older Males in an Untrained and Resistance-Trained State: A Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF SCIENCE IN SPORT AND EXERCISE 2022. [PMCID: PMC9099348 DOI: 10.1007/s42978-022-00164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the response of myokines to blood-flow restricted resistance-exercise (BFR-RE) in younger and older males before and after completing a 12-week resistance-training program. Methods There were 8 younger (24.8 ± 3.9 yrs) and 7 older (68.3 ± 5.0 yrs) untrained male participants completed this study. Anthropometric and maximal strength (1RM) measurements were collected before and after a 12-week, supervised, progressive full-body resistance-training program. As well, an acute bout of full-body BFR-RE was performed with venipuncture blood samples collected before and immediately following the BFR-RE, followed by sampling at 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. Results The 12-week training program stimulated a 32.2% increase in average strength and 30% increase in strength per kg of fat free mass. The response of particular myokines to the acute bout of BFR-RE was influenced training status (IL-4, untrained = 78.1 ± 133.2 pg/mL vs. trained = 59.8 ± 121.6 pg/mL, P = 0.019; IL-7, untrained = 3.46 ± 1.8 pg/mL vs. trained = 2.66 ± 1.3 pg/mL, P = 0.047) or both training and age (irisin, P = 0.04; leukemia inhibitory factor, P < 0.001). As well, changes in strength per kg of fat free mass were correlated with area under the curve for IL-4 (r = 0.537; P = 0.039), IL-6 (r = 0. 525; P = 0.044) and LIF (r = − 0.548; P = 0.035) in the untrained condition. Conclusion This study identified that both age and training status influence the myokine response to an acute bout of BFR-RE with the release of IL-4, IL-6 and LIF in the untrained state being associated with changes in strength per kg of fat free mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean M. Cordingley
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- Pan Am Clinic Foundation, 75 Poseidon Bay, Winnipeg, MB R3M 3E4 Canada
| | | | - Stephen M. Cornish
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, 110 Frank Kennedy Centre, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- Centre for Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
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Jia H, Yamashita T, Li X, Kato H. Laurel Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy In Vitro and in a Rat Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102029. [PMID: 35631169 PMCID: PMC9143575 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of muscle atrophy contributes to improved quality of life and life expectancy. In this study, we investigated the effects of laurel, selected from 34 spices and herbs, on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and deciphered the underlying mechanisms. Co-treatment of C2C12 myotubes with laurel for 12 h inhibited the DEX-induced expression of intracellular ubiquitin ligases—muscle atrophy F-box (atrogin-1/MAFbx) and muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1)—and reduction in myotube diameter. Male Wistar rats were supplemented with 2% laurel for 17 days, with DEX-induced skeletal muscle atrophy occurring in the last 3 days. Laurel supplementation inhibited the mRNA expression of MuRF1, regulated DNA damage and development 1 (Redd1), and forkhead box class O 1 (Foxo1) in the muscles of rats. Mechanistically, we evaluated the effects of laurel on the cellular proteolysis machinery—namely, the ubiquitin/proteasome system and autophagy—and the mTOR signaling pathway, which regulates protein synthesis. These data indicated that the amelioration of DEX-induced skeletal muscle atrophy induced by laurel, is mainly mediated by the transcriptional inhibition of downstream factors of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Thus, laurel may be a potential food ingredient that prevents muscle atrophy.
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Disturbance of calcium homeostasis and myogenesis caused by TET2 deletion in muscle stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:236. [PMID: 35490157 PMCID: PMC9056526 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myogenesis is a sophisticated process controlled by genetic and epigenetic regulators. In animals, one of the key enzymes for the DNA demethylation of 5-methylcytosine is TET2. Although TET2 is essential for muscle development, the mechanisms by which TET2 regulates myogenesis, particularly the implication for muscle stem cells, remains unclear. In the present study, we employed the TET2 knockout mouse model to investigate the function of TET2 in muscle development and regeneration. We observed that TET2 deficiency caused impaired muscle stem cell proliferation and differentiation, resulting in the reduction in both myofiber number and muscle tissue size. Specifically, TET2 maintains calcium homeostasis in muscle stem cells by controlling the DNA methylation levels of the calcium pathway genes. Forced expression of the sodium/calcium exchanger protein SLC8A3 could rescue the myogenic defects in TET2 knockout cells. Our data not only illustrated the vital function of TET2 during myogenesis but also identified novel targets that contribute to calcium homeostasis for enhancing muscle function.
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Xu Y, Zhao Y, Gao B. Role of TRPV1 in High Temperature-Induced Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Skeletal Muscle: A Mini Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:882578. [PMID: 35450292 PMCID: PMC9017999 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.882578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a protein that is susceptible to cell environment temperature. High temperatures of 40–45°C can activate the TRPV1 channel. TRPV1 is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Therefore, TRPV1 activated by high-temperature stress releases Ca2+ from the SR to the cytoplasm. Cellular Ca2+ accumulation is a key event that enhances TRPV1 activity by directly binding to the N-terminus and C-terminus. Moreover, Ca2+ is the key messenger involved in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. Long-term activation of TRPV1 may promote mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle through the Ca2+-CaMKII-p38 MAPK-PGC-1α signaling axis. The discovery of the TRPV1 channel highlights the potential mechanism for high-temperature stress improving muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. The appropriate hot stimulus in thermal environments might be beneficial to the muscular mitochondrial adaptation for aerobic capacity. However, the investigation of TRPV1 on mitochondrial biogenesis is at an early stage. Further investigations need to examine the role of TRPV1 in response to mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle induced by different thermal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Xu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongcai Zhao
- College of Social Sport and Health Sciences, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Binghong Gao
- School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Binghong Gao,
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Attwaters M, Hughes SM. Cellular and molecular pathways controlling muscle size in response to exercise. FEBS J 2022; 289:1428-1456. [PMID: 33755332 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
From the discovery of ATP and motor proteins to synaptic neurotransmitters and growth factor control of cell differentiation, skeletal muscle has provided an extreme model system in which to understand aspects of tissue function. Muscle is one of the few tissues that can undergo both increase and decrease in size during everyday life. Muscle size depends on its contractile activity, but the precise cellular and molecular pathway(s) by which the activity stimulus influences muscle size and strength remain unclear. Four correlates of muscle contraction could, in theory, regulate muscle growth: nerve-derived signals, cytoplasmic calcium dynamics, the rate of ATP consumption and physical force. Here, we summarise the evidence for and against each stimulus and what is known or remains unclear concerning their molecular signal transduction pathways and cellular effects. Skeletal muscle can grow in three ways, by generation of new syncytial fibres, addition of nuclei from muscle stem cells to existing fibres or increase in cytoplasmic volume/nucleus. Evidence suggests the latter two processes contribute to exercise-induced growth. Fibre growth requires increase in sarcolemmal surface area and cytoplasmic volume at different rates. It has long been known that high-force exercise is a particularly effective growth stimulus, but how this stimulus is sensed and drives coordinated growth that is appropriately scaled across organelles remains a mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Attwaters
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Simon M Hughes
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, UK
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Squillace S, Salvemini D. Nitroxidative stress in pain and opioid-induced adverse effects: therapeutic opportunities. Pain 2022; 163:205-213. [PMID: 34145168 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Squillace
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Le Bacquer O, Salles J, Piscitelli F, Sanchez P, Martin V, Montaurier C, Di Marzo V, Walrand S. Alterations of the endocannabinoid system and circulating and peripheral tissue levels of endocannabinoids in sarcopenic rats. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:662-676. [PMID: 34854262 PMCID: PMC8818601 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is associated with the development of obesity and insulin resistance, and with perturbed skeletal muscle development. Age-related sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder involving an accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, with changes in skeletal muscle protein homeostasis due to lipid accumulation and anabolic resistance. Hence, both obesity and sarcopenia share a common set of pathophysiological alterations leading to skeletal muscle impairment. The aim of this study was to characterize how sarcopenia impacts the ECS and if these modifications were related to the loss of muscle mass and function associated with aging in rats. METHODS Six-month-old and 24-month-old male rats were used to measure the contractile properties of the plantarflexors (isometric torque-frequency relationship & concentric power-velocity relationship) and to evaluate locomotor activity, motor coordination, and voluntary gait by open field, rotarod, and catwalk tests, respectively. Levels of endocannabinoids (AEA & 2-AG) and endocannabinoid-like molecules (OEA & PEA) were measured by LCF-MS/MS in plasma, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue, while the expression of genes coding for the ECS were investigated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Sarcopenia in old rats was exemplified by a 49% decrease in hindlimb muscle mass (P < 0.01), which was associated with severe impairment of isometric torque, power, voluntary locomotor activity, motor coordination, and gait quality. Sarcopenia was associated with (1) increased 2-AG (+32%, P = 0.07) and reduced PEA and OEA levels in the plasma (-25% and -40%, respectively, P < 0.01); (2) an increased content of AEA, PEA, and OEA in subcutaneous adipose tissue (P < 0.01); and (3) a four-fold increase of 2-AG content in the soleus (P < 0.01) and a reduced OEA content in EDL (-80%, P < 0.01). These alterations were associated with profound modifications in the expression of the ECS genes in the adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings demonstrate that circulating and peripheral tissue endocannabinoid tone are altered in sarcopenia. They also demonstrate that OEA plasma levels are associated with skeletal muscle function and loss of locomotor activity in rats, suggesting OEA could be used as a circulating biomarker for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Le Bacquer
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérôme Salles
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabiana Piscitelli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Phelipe Sanchez
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Martin
- AME2P, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Christophe Montaurier
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Canada Excellence Research Chair Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Agricutural and Food Sciences, IUCPQ, INAF and Centre NUTRISS, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Walrand
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Nutrition Clinique, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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McClean C, Davison GW. Circadian Clocks, Redox Homeostasis, and Exercise: Time to Connect the Dots? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020256. [PMID: 35204138 PMCID: PMC8868136 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling research has documented how the circadian system is essential for the maintenance of several key biological processes including homeostasis, cardiovascular control, and glucose metabolism. Circadian clock disruptions, or losses of rhythmicity, have been implicated in the development of several diseases, premature ageing, and are regarded as health risks. Redox reactions involving reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) regulate several physiological functions such as cell signalling and the immune response. However, oxidative stress is associated with the pathological effects of RONS, resulting in a loss of cell signalling and damaging modifications to important molecules such as DNA. Direct connections have been established between circadian rhythms and oxidative stress on the basis that disruptions to circadian rhythms can affect redox biology, and vice versa, in a bi-directional relationship. For instance, the expression and activity of several key antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, and CAT) appear to follow circadian patterns. Consequently, the ability to unravel these interactions has opened an exciting area of redox biology. Exercise exerts numerous benefits to health and, as a potent environmental cue, has the capacity to adjust disrupted circadian systems. In fact, the response to a given exercise stimulus may also exhibit circadian variation. At the same time, the relationship between exercise, RONS, and oxidative stress has also been scrutinised, whereby it is clear that exercise-induced RONS can elicit both helpful and potentially harmful health effects that are dependent on the type, intensity, and duration of exercise. To date, it appears that the emerging interface between circadian rhythmicity and oxidative stress/redox metabolism has not been explored in relation to exercise. This review aims to summarise the evidence supporting the conceptual link between the circadian clock, oxidative stress/redox homeostasis, and exercise stimuli. We believe carefully designed investigations of this nexus are required, which could be harnessed to tackle theories concerned with, for example, the existence of an optimal time to exercise to accrue physiological benefits.
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Dungan CM, Murach KA, Zdunek CJ, Tang ZJ, Nolt GL, Brightwell CR, Hettinger Z, Englund D, Liu Z, Fry CS, Filareto A, Franti M, Peterson CA. Deletion of SA β-Gal+ cells using senolytics improves muscle regeneration in old mice. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13528. [PMID: 34904366 PMCID: PMC8761017 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic deletion of senescent cells leads to robust improvements in cognitive, cardiovascular, and whole-body metabolism, but their role in tissue reparative processes is incompletely understood. We hypothesized that senolytic drugs would enhance regeneration in aged skeletal muscle. Young (3 months) and old (20 months) male C57Bl/6J mice were administered the senolytics dasatinib (5 mg/kg) and quercetin (50 mg/kg) or vehicle bi-weekly for 4 months. Tibialis anterior (TA) was then injected with 1.2% BaCl2 or PBS 7- or 28 days prior to euthanization. Senescence-associated β-Galactosidase positive (SA β-Gal+) cell abundance was low in muscle from both young and old mice and increased similarly 7 days following injury in both age groups, with no effect of D+Q. Most SA β-Gal+ cells were also CD11b+ in young and old mice 7- and 14 days following injury, suggesting they are infiltrating immune cells. By 14 days, SA β-Gal+/CD11b+ cells from old mice expressed senescence genes, whereas those from young mice expressed higher levels of genes characteristic of anti-inflammatory macrophages. SA β-Gal+ cells remained elevated in old compared to young mice 28 days following injury, which were reduced by D+Q only in the old mice. In D+Q-treated old mice, muscle regenerated following injury to a greater extent compared to vehicle-treated old mice, having larger fiber cross-sectional area after 28 days. Conversely, D+Q blunted regeneration in young mice. In vitro experiments suggested D+Q directly improve myogenic progenitor cell proliferation. Enhanced physical function and improved muscle regeneration demonstrate that senolytics have beneficial effects only in old mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M. Dungan
- Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Sanders‐Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- The Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Kevin A. Murach
- Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- The Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Present address:
Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, and Cell and Molecular Biology ProgramUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansasUSA
| | | | - Zuo Jian Tang
- Computational BiologyGCBDSBoehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.RidgefieldConnecticutUSA
| | - Georgia L. Nolt
- The Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Camille R. Brightwell
- The Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical NutritionCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Zachary Hettinger
- Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- The Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Davis A. Englund
- Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- The Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Zheng Liu
- Computational BiologyGCBDSBoehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.RidgefieldConnecticutUSA
| | - Christopher S. Fry
- The Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical NutritionCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Antonio Filareto
- Regenerative MedicineBoehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.RidgefieldConnecticutUSA
| | - Michael Franti
- Regenerative MedicineBoehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.RidgefieldConnecticutUSA
| | - Charlotte A. Peterson
- Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- The Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
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Lehnert N, Kim E, Dong HT, Harland JB, Hunt AP, Manickas EC, Oakley KM, Pham J, Reed GC, Alfaro VS. The Biologically Relevant Coordination Chemistry of Iron and Nitric Oxide: Electronic Structure and Reactivity. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14682-14905. [PMID: 34902255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule that is involved in a wide range of physiological and pathological events in biology. Metal coordination chemistry, especially with iron, is at the heart of many biological transformations involving NO. A series of heme proteins, nitric oxide synthases (NOS), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), and nitrophorins, are responsible for the biosynthesis, sensing, and transport of NO. Alternatively, NO can be generated from nitrite by heme- and copper-containing nitrite reductases (NIRs). The NO-bearing small molecules such as nitrosothiols and dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) can serve as an alternative vehicle for NO storage and transport. Once NO is formed, the rich reaction chemistry of NO leads to a wide variety of biological activities including reduction of NO by heme or non-heme iron-containing NO reductases and protein post-translational modifications by DNICs. Much of our understanding of the reactivity of metal sites in biology with NO and the mechanisms of these transformations has come from the elucidation of the geometric and electronic structures and chemical reactivity of synthetic model systems, in synergy with biochemical and biophysical studies on the relevant proteins themselves. This review focuses on recent advancements from studies on proteins and model complexes that not only have improved our understanding of the biological roles of NO but also have provided foundations for biomedical research and for bio-inspired catalyst design in energy science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Lehnert
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Eunsuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Hai T Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jill B Harland
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Andrew P Hunt
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Elizabeth C Manickas
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Kady M Oakley
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - John Pham
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Garrett C Reed
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Victor Sosa Alfaro
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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Sibisi NC, Snyman C, Myburgh KH, Niesler CU. Evaluating the role of nitric oxide in myogenesis in vitro. Biochimie 2021; 196:216-224. [PMID: 34838884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injury activates satellite cells to proliferate as myoblasts and migrate, differentiate and fuse with existing fibres at the site of injury. Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical produced by NO synthase, is elevated and supports healing after in vivo injury. NOS-independent elevation of NO levels in vitro is possible via donors such as molsidomine (SIN-1). We hypothesized that alterations in NO levels may directly influence myogenic processes critical for skeletal muscle wound healing. This study aimed to clarify the role of NO in myoblast proliferation, migration and differentiation. Baseline NO levels were established in vitro, whereafter NO levels were manipulated during myogenesis using l-NAME (NOS inhibitor) or SIN-1. Baseline NO levels generated by myoblasts in proliferation media did not change 1 h after stimulation. Addition of a pro-proliferative dose of HGF slightly elevated NO levels 1 h post-stimulation, whereas cell numbers assessed 24 h later increased significantly; l-NAME reduced the HGF-driven increase in NO and proliferation, reducing wound closure over 16 h. In differentiation media, NO levels increased significantly within 24 h, returning to baseline over several days. Regular addition of l-NAME to differentiating cells significantly reduced NO levels and fusion. SIN-1 increased NO levels in a dose-dependent manner, reaching maximal levels 16 h post-treatment. SIN-1, added at 0, 2 and 4 days, significantly increased myofiber area (26 ± 1.8% vs 18.6 ± 3.4% in control at 5 day, p < 0.0001), without affecting proliferation or migration. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that, during skeletal muscle regeneration, increased NO specifically stimulates myoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Sibisi
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
| | - C Snyman
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
| | - K H Myburgh
- Department Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - C U Niesler
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa.
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Kaneshige A, Kaji T, Zhang L, Saito H, Nakamura A, Kurosawa T, Ikemoto-Uezumi M, Tsujikawa K, Seno S, Hori M, Saito Y, Matozaki T, Maehara K, Ohkawa Y, Potente M, Watanabe S, Braun T, Uezumi A, Fukada SI. Relayed signaling between mesenchymal progenitors and muscle stem cells ensures adaptive stem cell response to increased mechanical load. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 29:265-280.e6. [PMID: 34856120 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adaptation to mechanical load, leading to enhanced force and power output, is a characteristic feature of skeletal muscle. Formation of new myonuclei required for efficient muscle hypertrophy relies on prior activation and proliferation of muscle stem cells (MuSCs). However, the mechanisms controlling MuSC expansion under conditions of increased load are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that interstitial mesenchymal progenitors respond to mechanical load and stimulate MuSC proliferation in a surgical mouse model of increased muscle load. Mechanistically, transcriptional activation of Yes-associated protein 1 (Yap1)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (Taz) in mesenchymal progenitors results in local production of thrombospondin-1 (Thbs1), which, in turn, drives MuSC proliferation through CD47 signaling. Under homeostatic conditions, however, CD47 signaling is insufficient to promote MuSC proliferation and instead depends on prior downregulation of the Calcitonin receptor. Our results suggest that relayed signaling between mesenchymal progenitors and MuSCs through a Yap1/Taz-Thbs1-CD47 pathway is critical to establish the supply of MuSCs during muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kaneshige
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kaji
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Lidan Zhang
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hayato Saito
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayasa Nakamura
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tamaki Kurosawa
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Madoka Ikemoto-Uezumi
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeto Seno
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Maehara
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Michael Potente
- Angiogenesis & Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité (BIH) - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuichi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Fukada SI, Ito N. Regulation of muscle hypertrophy: Involvement of the Akt-independent pathway and satellite cells in muscle hypertrophy. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112907. [PMID: 34793776 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles are composed of multinuclear cells called myofibers and have unique abilities, one of which is plasticity. In response to the mechanical load induced by physical activity, skeletal muscle exerts several local adaptations, including an increase in myofiber size and myonuclear number, known as muscle hypertrophy. Protein synthesis and muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) are mainly responsible for these adaptations. However, the upstream signaling pathways that promote protein synthesis remain controversial. Further, the necessity of MuSCs in muscle hypertrophy is also a highly debated issue. In this review, we summarized the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/Akt-independent activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in muscle hypertrophy and the involvement of mTOR signaling in age-related loss of skeletal muscle function and mass and in sarcopenia. The roles and behaviors of MuSCs, characteristics of new myonuclei in muscle hypertrophy, and their relevance to sarcopenia have also been updated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Naoki Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
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Murata S, Sasaki T, Yamauchi Y, Shimizu M, Sato R. Maslinic acid activates mTORC1 and human TGR5 and induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:2311-2321. [PMID: 34459485 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Maslinic acid, a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene in more than 30 plants (including olives), reportedly increases human muscle mass and muscle strength; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard diet or supplemented with 0.27% maslinic acid for 4 weeks, and their skeletal muscle mass was measured. Mice that consumed maslinic acid displayed significant increases in gastrocnemius and soleus muscle mass. Cultured mouse-C2C12 skeletal muscle cells were treated with mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) or protein kinase b (Akt) inhibitor, and protein synthesis was quantified. Maslinic acid accelerated protein synthesis via mTORC1 activation independent of Akt. Furthermore, maslinic acid activated human Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) more strongly than mouse TGR5, augmenting the expression of several genes related to muscular hypertrophy. Maslinic acid activated mTORC1 and human TGR5, implying its contribution to human muscular hypertrophy through these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Murata
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaki
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamauchi
- Tsukuba Life Science Innovation Program (T-LSI), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- Nutri-Life Science Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Nutri-Life Science Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Anders JPV, Neltner TJ, Smith RW, Keller JL, Housh TJ, Daugherty FJ, Tempesta MS, Dash AK, Munt DJ, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO. The effects of phosphocreatine disodium salts plus blueberry extract supplementation on muscular strength, power, and endurance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:60. [PMID: 34503541 PMCID: PMC8427883 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00456-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of creatine supplementation for improvements in exercise performance. Few studies, however, have examined the effects of phosphocreatine supplementation on exercise performance. Furthermore, while polyphenols have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, little is known regarding the influence of polyphenol supplementation on muscular strength, power, and endurance. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of 28 days of supplementation with phosphocreatine disodium salts plus blueberry extract (PCDSB), creatine monohydrate (CM), and placebo on measures of muscular strength, power, and endurance. METHODS Thirty-three men were randomly assigned to consume either PCDSB, CM, or placebo for 28 days. Peak torque (PT), average power (AP), and percent decline for peak torque (PT%) and average power (AP%) were assessed from a fatigue test consisting of 50 maximal, unilateral, isokinetic leg extensions at 180°·s- 1 before and after the 28 days of supplementation. Individual responses were assessed to examine the proportion of subjects that exceeded a minimal important difference (MID). RESULTS The results demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) improvements in PT for the PCDSB and CM groups from pre- (99.90 ± 22.47 N·m and 99.95 ± 22.50 N·m, respectively) to post-supplementation (119.22 ± 29.87 N·m and 111.97 ± 24.50 N·m, respectively), but no significant (p = 0.112) change for the placebo group. The PCDSB and CM groups also exhibited significant improvements in AP from pre- (140.18 ± 32.08 W and 143.42 ± 33.84 W, respectively) to post-supplementation (170.12 ± 42.68 W and 159.78 ± 31.20 W, respectively), but no significant (p = 0.279) change for the placebo group. A significantly (p < 0.05) greater proportion of subjects in the PCDSB group exceeded the MID for PT compared to the placebo group, but there were no significant (p > 0.05) differences in the proportion of subjects exceeding the MID between the CM and placebo groups or between the CM and PCDSB groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that for the group mean responses, 28 days of supplementation with both PCDSB and CM resulted in increases in PT and AP. The PCDSB, however, may have an advantage over CM when compared to the placebo group for the proportion of individuals that respond favorably to supplementation with meaningful increases in muscular strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Paul V Anders
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68510, USA.
| | - Tyler J Neltner
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68510, USA
| | - Robert W Smith
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68510, USA
| | - Joshua L Keller
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Sport, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Terry J Housh
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68510, USA
| | | | | | - Alekha K Dash
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Daniel J Munt
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Richard J Schmidt
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68510, USA
| | - Glen O Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68510, USA
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50
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Miyazaki M, Moriya N, Takemasa T. Transient activation of mTORC1 signaling in skeletal muscle is independent of Akt1 regulation. Physiol Rep 2021; 8:e14599. [PMID: 33038070 PMCID: PMC7547586 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of cellular protein synthesis is a critical determinant of skeletal muscle growth and hypertrophy in response to an increased workload such as resistance exercise. The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and its upstream protein kinase Akt1 have been implicated as a central signaling pathway that regulates protein synthesis in the skeletal muscle; however, the precise molecular regulation of mTORC1 activity is largely unknown. This study employed germline Akt1 knockout (KO) mice to examine whether upstream Akt1 regulation is necessary for the acute activation of mTORC1 signaling in the plantaris muscle following mechanical overload. The phosphorylation states of S6 kinase 1, ribosomal protein S6, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E‐binding protein 1 which show the functional activity of mTORC1 signaling, were significantly increased in the skeletal muscle of both wildtype and Akt1 KO mice following an acute bout (3 and 12 hr) of mechanical overload. Akt1 deficiency did not affect load‐induced alteration of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1)/IGF receptor mRNA expression. Also, no effect of Akt1 deficiency was observed on the overload‐induced increase in the gene expressions of pax7 and myogenic regulatory factor of myogenin. These observations show that the upstream IGF‐1/Akt1 regulation is dispensable for the acute activation of mTORC1 signaling and regulation of satellite cells in response to mechanical overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunori Miyazaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nobuki Moriya
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Science and Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tohru Takemasa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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