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Shiromwar SS, Chidrawar VR, Singh S, Chitme HR, Maheshwari R, Sultana S. Multi-faceted Anti-obesity Effects of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Modulators: Central-Peripheral Crosstalk. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:13. [PMID: 38240858 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Hypothalamus is central to food intake and satiety. Recent data unveiled the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) on hypothalamic neurons and their interaction with GABAA and serotoninergic neuronal circuits. However, the precise mechanisms governing energy homeostasis remain elusive. Notably, in females, the consumption of progesterone-containing preparations, such as hormonal replacement therapy and birth control pills, has been associated with hyperphagia and obesity-effects mediated through the hypothalamus. To elucidate this phenomenon, we employed the progesterone-induced obesity model in female Swiss albino mice. Four NMDAR modulators were selected viz. dextromethorphan (Dxt), minocycline, d-aspartate, and cycloserine. Obesity was induced in female mice by progesterone administration for 4 weeks. Mice were allocated into 7 groups, group-1 as vehicle control (arachis oil), group-2 (progesterone + arachis oil), and group-3 as positive-control (progesterone + sibutramine); other groups were treated with test drugs + progesterone. Various parameters were recorded like food intake, thermogenesis, serum lipids, insulin, AST and ALT levels, organ-to-body weight ratio, total body fat, adiposity index, brain serotonin levels, histology of liver, kidney, and sizing of fat cells. Dxt-treated group has shown a significant downturn in body weight (p < 0.05) by a decline in food intake (p < 0.01), organ-to-liver ratio (p < 0.001), adiposity index (p < 0.01), and a rise in body temperature and brain serotonin level (p < 0.001). Dxt demonstrated anti-obesity effects by multiple mechanisms including interaction with hypothalamic GABAA channels and anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging effects, improving the brain serotonin levels, and increasing insulin release from the pancreatic β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Subhash Shiromwar
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Vijay R Chidrawar
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, TSIIC Jadcharla, Green Industrial Park, 509301, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Havagiray R Chitme
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, 201303, Uttarpradesh, India
| | - Rahul Maheshwari
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, TSIIC Jadcharla, Green Industrial Park, 509301, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shabnam Sultana
- Department of Pharmacology, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
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2
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Pelligra A, Mrugala J, Griess K, Kirschner P, Nortmann O, Bartosinska B, Köster A, Krupenko NI, Gebel D, Westhoff P, Steckel B, Eberhard D, Herebian D, Belgardt BF, Schrader J, Weber APM, Krupenko SA, Lammert E. Pancreatic islet protection at the expense of secretory function involves serine-linked mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112615. [PMID: 37294632 PMCID: PMC10592470 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin hypersecretion followed by reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Here we show that acute stimulation of pancreatic islets with the insulin secretagogue dextrorphan (DXO) or glibenclamide enhances GSIS, whereas chronic treatment with high concentrations of these drugs reduce GSIS but protect islets from cell death. Bulk RNA sequencing of islets shows increased expression of genes for serine-linked mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism (OCM) after chronic, but not acute, stimulation. In chronically stimulated islets, more glucose is metabolized to serine than to citrate, and the mitochondrial ATP/ADP ratio decreases, whereas the NADPH/NADP+ ratio increases. Activating transcription factor-4 (Atf4) is required and sufficient to activate serine-linked mitochondrial OCM genes in islets, with gain- and loss-of-function experiments showing that Atf4 reduces GSIS and is required, but not sufficient, for full DXO-mediated islet protection. In sum, we identify a reversible metabolic pathway that provides islet protection at the expense of secretory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pelligra
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Mrugala
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Griess
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philip Kirschner
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oliver Nortmann
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barbara Bartosinska
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Köster
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natalia I Krupenko
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Nutrition Research Institute, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dominik Gebel
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Westhoff
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Steckel
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Eberhard
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bengt-Frederik Belgardt
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sergey A Krupenko
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Nutrition Research Institute, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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3
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Scholz O, Otter S, Welters A, Wörmeyer L, Dolenšek J, Klemen MS, Pohorec V, Eberhard D, Mrugala J, Hamacher A, Koch A, Sanz M, Hoffmann T, Hogeback J, Herebian D, Klöcker N, Piechot A, Mayatepek E, Meissner T, Stožer A, Lammert E. Peripherally active dextromethorphan derivatives lower blood glucose levels by targeting pancreatic islets. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1474-1488.e7. [PMID: 34118188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dextromethorphan (DXM) acts as cough suppressant via its central action. Cell-protective effects of this drug have been reported in peripheral tissues, making DXM potentially useful for treatment of several common human diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Pancreatic islets are among the peripheral tissues that positively respond to DXM, and anti-diabetic effects of DXM were observed in two placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials in humans with T2DM. Since these effects were associated with central side effects, we here developed chemical derivatives of DXM that pass the blood-brain barrier to a significantly lower extent than the original drug. We show that basic nitrogen-containing residues block central adverse events of DXM without reducing its anti-diabetic effects, including the protection of human pancreatic islets from cell death. These results show how to chemically modify DXM, and possibly other morphinans, as to exclude central side effects, while targeting peripheral tissues, such as pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okka Scholz
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Silke Otter
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alena Welters
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Wörmeyer
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jurij Dolenšek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maša Skelin Klemen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Viljem Pohorec
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Daniel Eberhard
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Mrugala
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Hamacher
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela Koch
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miguel Sanz
- Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Torsten Hoffmann
- Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jens Hogeback
- A&M Labor für Analytik und Metabolismusforschung Service GmbH, 50126 Bergheim, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nikolaj Klöcker
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Piechot
- Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andraž Stožer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Center of Competence for Innovative Diabetes Therapy (KomIT), German Diabetes Center (DDZ), 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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4
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Sagar S, Kapoor H, Chaudhary N, Roy SS. Cellular and mitochondrial calcium communication in obstructive lung disorders. Mitochondrion 2021; 58:184-199. [PMID: 33766748 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signalling is well known to dictate cellular functioning and fate. In recent years, the accumulation of Ca2+ in the mitochondria has emerged as an important factor in Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRD) such as Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Various reports underline an aberrant increase in the intracellular Ca2+, leading to mitochondrial ROS generation, and further activation of the apoptotic pathway in these diseases. Mitochondria contribute to Ca2+ buffering which in turn regulates mitochondrial metabolism and ATP production. Disruption of this Ca2+ balance leads to impaired cellular processes like apoptosis or necrosis and thus contributes to the pathophysiology of airway diseases. This review highlights the key role of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling in regulating CRD, such as asthma and COPD. A better understanding of the dysregulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in these diseases could provide cues for the development of advanced therapeutic interventions in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Sagar
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Himanshi Kapoor
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nisha Chaudhary
- Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Research and Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Soumya Sinha Roy
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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5
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Lee CJ, Qiu TA, Sweedler JV. d-Alanine: Distribution, origin, physiological relevance, and implications in disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Kabir MT, Sufian MA, Uddin MS, Begum MM, Akhter S, Islam A, Mathew B, Islam MS, Amran MS, Md Ashraf G. NMDA Receptor Antagonists: Repositioning of Memantine as a Multitargeting Agent for Alzheimer's Therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3506-3518. [PMID: 31604413 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191011102444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. Currently, there is no drug that can reduce the pathological events of this degenerative disease but symptomatic relief is possible that can abate the disease condition. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors exert a critical role for synaptic plasticity as well as transmission. Overstimulation of glutamate receptors, predominantly NMDA type, may cause excitotoxic effects on neurons and is recommended as a mechanism for neurodegeneration. Atypical activation of the NMDA receptor has been suggested for AD by synaptic dysfunction. NMDA receptor antagonists especially memantine block the NMDA receptor and can reduce the influx of calcium (Ca2+) ions into neuron, thus, toxic intracellular events are not activated. This review represents the role of NMDA receptors antagonists as potential therapeutic agents to reduce AD. Moreover, this review highlights the repositioning of memantine as a potential novel therapeutic multitargeting agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Shammi Akhter
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, United States
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | | | - Md Shah Amran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Brun T, Jiménez-Sánchez C, Madsen JGS, Hadadi N, Duhamel D, Bartley C, Oberhauser L, Trajkovski M, Mandrup S, Maechler P. AMPK Profiling in Rodent and Human Pancreatic Beta-Cells under Nutrient-Rich Metabolic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113982. [PMID: 32492936 PMCID: PMC7312098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of pancreatic β-cells to elevated nutrient levels impairs their function and potentially induces apoptosis. Like in other cell types, AMPK is activated in β-cells under conditions of nutrient deprivation, while little is known on AMPK responses to metabolic stresses. Here, we first reviewed recent studies on the role of AMPK activation in β-cells. Then, we investigated the expression profile of AMPK pathways in β-cells following metabolic stresses. INS-1E β-cells and human islets were exposed for 3 days to glucose (5.5–25 mM), palmitate or oleate (0.4 mM), and fructose (5.5 mM). Following these treatments, we analyzed transcript levels of INS-1E β-cells by qRT-PCR and of human islets by RNA-Seq; with a special focus on AMPK-associated genes, such as the AMPK catalytic subunits α1 (Prkaa1) and α2 (Prkaa2). AMPKα and pAMPKα were also evaluated at the protein level by immunoblotting. Chronic exposure to the different metabolic stresses, known to alter glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, did not change AMPK expression, either in insulinoma cells or in human islets. Expression profile of the six AMPK subunits was marginally modified by the different diabetogenic conditions. However, the expression of some upstream kinases and downstream AMPK targets, including K-ATP channel subunits, exhibited stress-specific signatures. Interestingly, at the protein level, chronic fructose treatment favored fasting-like phenotype in human islets, as witnessed by AMPK activation. Collectively, previously published and present data indicate that, in the β-cell, AMPK activation might be implicated in the pre-diabetic state, potentially as a protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Brun
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Cecilia Jiménez-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Jesper Grud Skat Madsen
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.G.S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Noushin Hadadi
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Dominique Duhamel
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Clarissa Bartley
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Lucie Oberhauser
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Mirko Trajkovski
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Susanne Mandrup
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.G.S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Abarkan M, Gaitan J, Lebreton F, Perrier R, Jaffredo M, Mulle C, Magnan C, Raoux M, Lang J. The glutamate receptor GluK2 contributes to the regulation of glucose homeostasis and its deterioration during aging. Mol Metab 2019; 30:152-160. [PMID: 31767166 PMCID: PMC6807305 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Islets secrete neurotransmitters including glutamate which participate in fine regulation of islet function. The excitatory ionotropic glutamate receptor GluK2 of the kainate receptor family is widely expressed in brain and also found in islets, mainly in α and γ cells. α cells co-release glucagon and glutamate and the latter increases glucagon release via ionotropic glutamate receptors. However, neither the precise nature of the ionotropic glutamate receptor involved nor its role in glucose homeostasis is known. As isoform specific pharmacology is not available, we investigated this question in constitutive GluK2 knock-out mice (GluK2-/-) using adult and middle-aged animals to also gain insight in a potential role during aging. METHODS We compared wild-type GluK2+/+ and knock-out GluK2-/- mice using adult (14-20 weeks) and middle-aged animals (40-52 weeks). Glucose (oral OGTT and intraperitoneal IPGTT) and insulin tolerance as well as pyruvate challenge tests were performed according to standard procedures. Parasympathetic activity, which stimulates hormones secretion, was measured by electrophysiology in vivo. Isolated islets were used in vitro to determine islet β-cell electrical activity on multi-electrode arrays and dynamic secretion of insulin as well as glucagon was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Adult GluK2-/- mice exhibit an improved glucose tolerance (OGTT and IPGTT), and this was also apparent in middle-aged mice, whereas the outcome of pyruvate challenge was slightly improved only in middle-aged GluK2-/- mice. Similarly, insulin sensitivity was markedly enhanced in middle-aged GluK2-/- animals. Basal and glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo was slightly lower in GluK2-/- mice, whereas fasting glucagonemia was strongly reduced. In vivo recordings of parasympathetic activity showed an increase in basal activity in GluK2-/- mice which represents most likely an adaptive mechanism to counteract hypoglucagonemia rather than altered neuronal mechanism. In vitro recording demonstrated an improvement of glucose-induced electrical activity of β-cells in islets obtained from GluK2-/- mice at both ages. Finally, glucose-induced insulin secretion in vitro was increased in GluK2-/- islets, whereas glucagon secretion at 2 mmol/l of glucose was considerably reduced. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate a general role for kainate receptors in glucose homeostasis and specifically suggest a negative effect of GluK2 on glucose homeostasis and preservation of islet function during aging. Our observations raise the possibility that blockade of GluK2 may provide benefits in glucose homeostasis especially during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abarkan
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Julien Gaitan
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Fanny Lebreton
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Romain Perrier
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Manon Jaffredo
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Christophe Mulle
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christophe Magnan
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR 8251, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Raoux
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Jochen Lang
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR CNRS 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
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9
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TAKAHASHI H, YOKOI N, SEINO S. Glutamate as intracellular and extracellular signals in pancreatic islet functions. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 95:246-260. [PMID: 31189778 PMCID: PMC6751295 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.95.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
l-Glutamate is one of the most abundant amino acids in the body and is a constituent of proteins and a substrate in metabolism. It is well known that glutamate serves as a primary excitatory neurotransmitter and a critical neuromodulator in the brain. Recent studies have shown that in addition to its pivotal role in neural functions, glutamate plays many important roles in a variety of cellular functions, including those as intracellular and extracellular signals. In pancreatic islets, glutamate is now known to be required for the normal regulation of insulin secretion, such as incretin-induced insulin secretion. In this review, we primarily discuss the physiological and pathophysiological roles of glutamate as intracellular and extracellular signals in the functions of pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harumi TAKAHASHI
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Norihide YOKOI
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Susumu SEINO
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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10
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Imai R, Misaka S, Horita S, Yokota S, O'hashi R, Maejima Y, Shimomura K. Memantine has no effect on K ATP channels in pancreatic β cells. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:614. [PMID: 30144824 PMCID: PMC6109345 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Memantine, a drug for Alzheimer’s disease, is considered to suppress excessive stimulation of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors and to prevent neuronal death. However, a recent report indicated that the neuronal KATP channel also can become a target of memantine. The KATP channel is a key regulator of insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells. Therefore, if memantine could inhibit the KATP channel in pancreatic β cells, it would be an effective drug for both Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. However, there is no report on the effect of memantine on the KATP channel in pancreatic β cells. Therefore, we investigated whether memantine affect the blood glucose level, insulin secretion and KATP channel activity in pancreatic β cells. Results An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed with or without memantine (1 mg/kg) injection in intact mice. Insulin secretion from isolated islets was measured under low (2 mM) and high (20 mM) glucose concentrations with or without memantine (1 μM). The effect of memantine (1 μM) on KATP channel currents in isolated pancreatic β cells was recorded using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Memantine had no effect on the blood glucose level, insulin secretion from isolated islets or KATP channel current in pancreatic β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Imai
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan. .,Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Kampo Research & Development Division, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Shingen Misaka
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Horita
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shoko Yokota
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Rie O'hashi
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yuko Maejima
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kenju Shimomura
- Department of Bioregulation and Pharmacological Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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11
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Ettcheto M, Sánchez-López E, Gómez-Mínguez Y, Cabrera H, Busquets O, Beas-Zarate C, García ML, Carro E, Casadesus G, Auladell C, Vázquez Carrera M, Folch J, Camins A. Peripheral and Central Effects of Memantine in a Mixed Preclinical Mice Model of Obesity and Familial Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7327-7339. [PMID: 29404958 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that obesity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and aging are risk factors for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms through which obesity interacts with β-amyloid (Aβ) to promote cognitive decline remains poorly understood. Memantine (MEM), a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, is currently used for the treatment of AD. Nonetheless, few studies have reported its effects on genetic preclinical models of this neurodegenerative disease exacerbated with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Therefore, the present research aims to elucidate the effects of MEM on familial AD HFD-induced insulin resistance and learning and memory impairment. Furthermore, it aspires to determine the possible underlying mechanisms that connect AD to T2DM. Wild type and APPswe/PS1dE9 mice were used in this study. The animals were fed with either chow or HFD until 6 months of age, and they were treated with MEM-supplemented water (30 mg/kg) during the last 12 weeks. Our study demonstrates that MEM improves the metabolic consequences produced by HFD in this model of familial AD. Behavioural assessments confirmed that the treatment also improves animals learning abilities and decreases memory loss. Moreover, MEM treatment improves brain insulin signalling upregulating AKT, as well as cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding (CREB) expression, and modulates the amyloidogenic pathway, which, in turn, reduced the accumulation of Aβ. Moreover, this drug increases the activation of molecules involved with insulin signalling in the liver, such as insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), which is a key protein regulating hepatic resistance to insulin. These results provide new insight into the role of MEM not only in the occurrence of AD treatment, but also in its potential application on peripheral metabolic disorders where Aβ plays a key role, as is the case of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Ettcheto
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociencias, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Farmacia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yaiza Gómez-Mínguez
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henrry Cabrera
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociencias, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Beas-Zarate
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, C.U.C.B.A, Universidad de Guadalajara and División de Neurociencias, Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Maria Luisa García
- Unitat de Farmacia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Carro
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Group, Instituto de Investigacion Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Casadesus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Carme Auladell
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez Carrera
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Folch
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Departament de Farmacología, Toxicologia i Quimica Terapéutica, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognosia, Facultat de Farmacia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Institut de Neurociencias, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Folch J, Busquets O, Ettcheto M, Sánchez-López E, Castro-Torres RD, Verdaguer E, Garcia ML, Olloquequi J, Casadesús G, Beas-Zarate C, Pelegri C, Vilaplana J, Auladell C, Camins A. Memantine for the Treatment of Dementia: A Review on its Current and Future Applications. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 62:1223-1240. [PMID: 29254093 PMCID: PMC5870028 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence in the brain of extracellular amyloid-β protein (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR), ionotropic glutamate receptor, are essential for processes like learning and memory. An excessive activation of NMDARs has been associated with neuronal loss. The discovery of extrasynaptic NMDARs provided a rational and physiological explanation between physiological and excitotoxic actions of glutamate. Memantine (MEM), an antagonist of extrasynaptic NMDAR, is currently used for the treatment of AD jointly with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. It has been demonstrated that MEM preferentially prevents the excessive continuous extrasynaptic NMDAR disease activation and therefore prevents neuronal cell death induced by excitotoxicity without disrupting physiological synaptic activity. The problem is that MEM has shown no clear positive effects in clinical applications while, in preclinical stages, had very promising results. The data in preclinical studies suggests that MEM has a positive impact on improving AD brain neuropathology, as well as in preventing Aβ production, aggregation, or downstream neurotoxic consequences, in part through the blockade of extrasynaptic NMDAR. Thus, the focus of this review is primarily to discuss the efficacy of MEM in preclinical models of AD, consider possible combinations of this drug with others, and then evaluate possible reasons for its lack of efficacy in clinical trials. Finally, applications in other pathologies are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Folch
- Departament de Bioquímica, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Dario Castro-Torres
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Regeneración y Desarrollo Neural, Instituto de Neurobiología, CUCBA, México
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Garcia
- Unitat de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisico-química, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Gemma Casadesús
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Carlos Beas-Zarate
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Regeneración y Desarrollo Neural, Instituto de Neurobiología, CUCBA, México
| | - Carme Pelegri
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vilaplana
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Auladell
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Maechler P. Glutamate pathways of the beta-cell and the control of insulin secretion. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 131:149-153. [PMID: 28743063 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic beta-cells secrete insulin in response to circulating glucose, thereby maintaining euglycemia. Inside the beta-cell, glucose is transformed into intracellular signals stimulating exocytosis. While calcium is an obligatory messenger, this ion is not sufficient to promote the full secretory response. Accordingly, glucose metabolism produces the additive factor glutamate that participates to an amplifying pathway of the calcium signal. Although intracellular glutamate potentiates insulin secretion, extracellular glutamate may activate ionotropic receptors. As a consequence of such activation, insulin exocytosis is slowed down. Therefore, for the beta-cell glutamate is a double-edged sword, an amplifying pathway and a negative feedback, illustrating the principle of homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
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14
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Welters A, Klüppel C, Mrugala J, Wörmeyer L, Meissner T, Mayatepek E, Heiss C, Eberhard D, Lammert E. NMDAR antagonists for the treatment of diabetes mellitus-Current status and future directions. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19 Suppl 1:95-106. [PMID: 28880473 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose levels accelerated by a progressive decline of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreatic islets. Although medications are available to transiently adjust blood glucose to normal levels, the effects of current drugs are limited when it comes to preservation of a critical mass of functional β-cells to sustainably maintain normoglycemia. In this review, we recapitulate recent evidence on the role of pancreatic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in β-cell physiology, and summarize effects of morphinan-based NMDAR antagonists that are beneficial for insulin secretion, glucose tolerance and islet cell survival. We further discuss NMDAR-mediated molecular pathways relevant for neuronal cell survival, which may also be important for the preservation of β-cell function and mass. Finally, we summarize the literature for evidence on the role of NMDARs in the development of diabetic long-term complications, and highlight beneficial pharmacologic aspects of NMDAR antagonists in diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy as well as neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Welters
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carina Klüppel
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Mrugala
- Institute for Beta Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Wörmeyer
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Heiss
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Eberhard
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Beta Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Abstract
In the last 5 years, most of the molecules that control mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis have been finally identified. Mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake is mediated by the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) complex, a macromolecular structure that guarantees Ca(2+) accumulation inside mitochondrial matrix upon increases in cytosolic Ca(2+). Conversely, Ca(2+) release is under the control of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, encoded by the NCLX gene, and of a H(+)/Ca(2+) antiporter, whose identity is still debated. The low affinity of the MCU complex, coupled to the activity of the efflux systems, protects cells from continuous futile cycles of Ca(2+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane and consequent massive energy dissipation. In this review, we discuss the basic principles that govern mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis and the methods used to investigate the dynamics of Ca(2+) concentration within the organelles. We discuss the functional and structural role of the different molecules involved in mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling and their pathophysiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego De Stefani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; , ,
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; , , .,National Research Council (CNR) Neuroscience Institute, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Tullio Pozzan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; , , .,National Research Council (CNR) Neuroscience Institute, 35121 Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35121 Padova, Italy
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16
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Brun T, Maechler P. Beta-cell mitochondrial carriers and the diabetogenic stress response. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2540-9. [PMID: 26979549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in pancreatic beta-cells by coupling metabolism of the secretagogue glucose to distal events of regulated insulin exocytosis. This process requires transports of both metabolites and nucleotides in and out of the mitochondria. The molecular identification of mitochondrial carriers and their respective contribution to beta-cell function have been uncovered only recently. In type 2 diabetes, mitochondrial dysfunction is an early event and may precipitate beta-cell loss. Under diabetogenic conditions, characterized by glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity, the expression profile of mitochondrial carriers is selectively modified. This review describes the role of mitochondrial carriers in beta-cells and the selective changes in response to glucolipotoxicity. In particular, we discuss the importance of the transfer of metabolites (pyruvate, citrate, malate, and glutamate) and nucleotides (ATP, NADH, NADPH) for beta-cell function and dysfunction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Channels edited by Pierre Sonveaux, Pierre Maechler and Jean-Claude Martinou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Brun
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty Diabetes Center, Geneva University Medical Centre, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty Diabetes Center, Geneva University Medical Centre, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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17
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Marquard J, Stirban A, Schliess F, Sievers F, Welters A, Otter S, Fischer A, Wnendt S, Meissner T, Heise T, Lammert E. Effects of dextromethorphan as add-on to sitagliptin on blood glucose and serum insulin concentrations in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, multiple crossover, single-dose clinical trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:100-3. [PMID: 26362564 PMCID: PMC5057326 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this clinical trial, we investigated the blood glucose (BG)-lowering effects of 30, 60 and 90 mg dextromethorphan (DXM) as well as 100 mg sitagliptin alone versus combinations of DXM and sitagliptin during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 20 men with T2DM. The combination of 60 mg DXM plus 100 mg sitagliptin was observed to have the strongest effect in the OGTT. It lowered maximum BG concentrations and increased the baseline-adjusted area under the curve for serum insulin concentrations in the first 30 min of the OGTT (mean ± standard deviation 240 ± 47 mg/dl and 8.1 ± 6.1 mU/l/h, respectively) to a significantly larger extent than did 100 mg sitagliptin alone (254 ± 50 mg/dl and 5.8 ± 2.5 mU/l/h, respectively; p < 0.05) and placebo (272 ± 49 mg/dl and 3.9 ± 3.0 mU/l/h, respectively; p < 0.001). All study drugs were well tolerated, alone and in combination, without serious adverse events or hypoglycaemia. Long-term clinical trials are now warranted to investigate the potential of the combination of 30 or 60 mg DXM and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in the treatment of individuals with T2DM, in particular as preclinical studies have identified the β-cell protective properties of DXM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marquard
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | - A Welters
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Beta Cell Biology, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Centre for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, Partner Institution Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Otter
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Beta Cell Biology, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Centre for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, Partner Institution Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - S Wnendt
- MLM Medical Labs GmbH, Mönchengladbach, Germany
| | - T Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - E Lammert
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Beta Cell Biology, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Centre for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, Partner Institution Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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18
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Dolenšek J, Špelič D, Skelin Klemen M, Žalik B, Gosak M, Slak Rupnik M, Stožer A. Membrane Potential and Calcium Dynamics in Beta Cells from Mouse Pancreas Tissue Slices: Theory, Experimentation, and Analysis. SENSORS 2015; 15:27393-419. [PMID: 26516866 PMCID: PMC4701238 DOI: 10.3390/s151127393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are precise biological sensors for glucose and play a central role in balancing the organism between catabolic and anabolic needs. A hallmark of the beta cell response to glucose are oscillatory changes of membrane potential that are tightly coupled with oscillatory changes in intracellular calcium concentration which, in turn, elicit oscillations of insulin secretion. Both membrane potential and calcium changes spread from one beta cell to the other in a wave-like manner. In order to assess the properties of the abovementioned responses to physiological and pathological stimuli, the main challenge remains how to effectively measure membrane potential and calcium changes at the same time with high spatial and temporal resolution, and also in as many cells as possible. To date, the most wide-spread approach has employed the electrophysiological patch-clamp method to monitor membrane potential changes. Inherently, this technique has many advantages, such as a direct contact with the cell and a high temporal resolution. However, it allows one to assess information from a single cell only. In some instances, this technique has been used in conjunction with CCD camera-based imaging, offering the opportunity to simultaneously monitor membrane potential and calcium changes, but not in the same cells and not with a reliable cellular or subcellular spatial resolution. Recently, a novel family of highly-sensitive membrane potential reporter dyes in combination with high temporal and spatial confocal calcium imaging allows for simultaneously detecting membrane potential and calcium changes in many cells at a time. Since the signals yielded from both types of reporter dyes are inherently noisy, we have developed complex methods of data denoising that permit for visualization and pixel-wise analysis of signals. Combining the experimental approach of high-resolution imaging with the advanced analysis of noisy data enables novel physiological insights and reassessment of current concepts in unprecedented detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurij Dolenšek
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; E-Mails: (J.D.); (M.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Denis Špelič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; E-Mails: (D.Š.); (B.Ž.)
| | - Maša Skelin Klemen
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; E-Mails: (J.D.); (M.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Borut Žalik
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; E-Mails: (D.Š.); (B.Ž.)
- Center for Open Innovation and Research, Core@UM, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Gosak
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; E-Mails: (J.D.); (M.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.S.R.)
- Center for Open Innovation and Research, Core@UM, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marjan Slak Rupnik
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; E-Mails: (J.D.); (M.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.S.R.)
- Center for Open Innovation and Research, Core@UM, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andraž Stožer
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; E-Mails: (J.D.); (M.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.S.R.)
- Center for Open Innovation and Research, Core@UM, University of Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +386-2-2345843
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