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Rawls A, Nyugen D, Dziabis J, Anbarci D, Clark M, Dzirasa K, Bilbo S. Microglial MyD88-dependent pathways are regulated in a sex-specific manner in the context of HMGB1-induced anxiety. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.22.590482. [PMID: 38712142 PMCID: PMC11071353 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.22.590482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a significant risk factor for the development and recurrence of anxiety disorders. Chronic stress impacts the immune system, causing microglial functional alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region involved in the pathogenesis of anxiety. High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is an established modulator of neuronal firing and a potent pro-inflammatory stimulus released from neuronal and non-neuronal cells following stress. HMGB1, in the context of stress, acts as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), instigating robust proinflammatory responses throughout the brain, so much so that localized drug delivery of HMGB1 alters behavior in the absence of any other forms of stress, i.e., social isolation, or behavioral stress models. Few studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms that underlie HMGB1-associated behavioral effects in a cell-specific manner. The aim of this study is to investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying HMGB1-induced behavioral dysfunction with regard to cell-type specificity and potential sex differences. Here, we report that both male and female mice exhibited anxiety-like behavior following increased HMGB1 in the mPFC as well as changes in microglial morphology. Interestingly, our results demonstrate that HMGB1-induced anxiety may be mediated by distinct microglial MyD88-dependent mechanisms in females compared to males. This study supports the hypothesis that MyD88 signaling in microglia may be a crucial mediator of the stress response in adult female mice.
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Heij J, van der Zwaag W, Knapen T, Caan MWA, Forstman B, Veltman DJ, van Wingen G, Aghajani M. Quantitative MRI at 7-Tesla reveals novel frontocortical myeloarchitecture anomalies in major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:262. [PMID: 38902245 PMCID: PMC11190139 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02976-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Whereas meta-analytical data highlight abnormal frontocortical macrostructure (thickness/surface area/volume) in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), the underlying microstructural processes remain uncharted, due to the use of conventional MRI scanners and acquisition techniques. We uniquely combined Ultra-High Field MRI at 7.0 Tesla with Quantitative Imaging to map intracortical myelin (proxied by longitudinal relaxation time T1) and iron concentration (proxied by transverse relaxation time T2*), microstructural processes deemed particularly germane to cortical macrostructure. Informed by meta-analytical evidence, we focused specifically on orbitofrontal and rostral anterior cingulate cortices among adult MDD patients (N = 48) and matched healthy controls (HC; N = 10). Analyses probed the association of MDD diagnosis and clinical profile (severity, medication use, comorbid anxiety disorders, childhood trauma) with aforementioned microstructural properties. MDD diagnosis (p's < 0.05, Cohen's D = 0.55-0.66) and symptom severity (p's < 0.01, r = 0.271-0.267) both related to decreased intracortical myelination (higher T1 values) within the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, a region tightly coupled to processing negative affect and feelings of sadness in MDD. No relations were found with local iron concentrations. These findings allow uniquely fine-grained insights on frontocortical microstructure in MDD, and cautiously point to intracortical demyelination as a possible driver of macroscale cortical disintegrity in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurjen Heij
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, NIN, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wietske van der Zwaag
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, NIN, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tomas Knapen
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Computational Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, NIN, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthan W A Caan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Birte Forstman
- Department of Brain & Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guido van Wingen
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Moji Aghajani
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Section Forensic Family & Youth Care, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Lee J, Aubry A, Hanif S, Grunfeld I, Likhtik E, Burghardt NS. Chronic Social Defeat Stress Gives Rise to Social Avoidance Through Fear Learning. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.18.599597. [PMID: 38948731 PMCID: PMC11213017 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.18.599597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a widely used rodent model of stress, reliably leads to decreased social interaction in stress susceptible animals. Here, we investigate a role for fear learning in this response using 129Sv/Ev mice, a strain that is more vulnerable to CSDS than the commonly used C57BL/6 strain. We first demonstrate that defeated 129Sv/Ev mice avoid a CD-1 mouse, but not a conspecific, indicating that motivation to socialize is intact in this strain. CD-1 avoidance is characterized by approach behavior that results in running in the opposite direction, activity that is consistent with a threat response. We next test whether CD-1 avoidance is subject to the same behavioral changes found in traditional models of Pavlovian fear conditioning. We find that associative learning occurs across 10 days CSDS, with defeated mice learning to associate the color of the CD-1 coat with threat. This leads to the gradual acquisition of avoidance behavior, a conditioned response that can be extinguished with 7 days of repeated social interaction testing (5 tests/day). Pairing a CD-1 with a tone leads to second-order conditioning, resulting in avoidance of an enclosure without a social target. Finally, we show that social interaction with a conspecific is a highly variable response in defeated mice that may reflect individual differences in generalization of fear to other social targets. Our data indicate that fear conditioning to a social target is a key component of CSDS, implicating the involvement of fear circuits in social avoidance.
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Izumi Y, O’Dell KA, Cashikar AG, Paul SM, Covey DF, Mennerick SJ, Zorumski CF. Neurosteroids mediate and modulate the effects of pro-inflammatory stimulation and toll-like receptors on hippocampal plasticity and learning. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304481. [PMID: 38875235 PMCID: PMC11178232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory changes contribute to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Understanding how these changes are involved in illnesses and identifying strategies to alter inflammatory responses offer paths to potentially novel treatments. We previously found that acute pro-inflammatory stimulation with high (μg/ml) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 10-15 min dampens long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus and impairs learning. Effects of LPS involved non-canonical inflammasome signaling but were independent of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a known LPS receptor. Low (ng/ml) LPS also inhibits LTP when administered for 2-4 h, and here we report that this LPS exposure requires TLR4. We also found that effects of low LPS on LTP involve the oxysterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, akin to high LPS. Effects of high LPS on LTP are blocked by inhibiting synthesis of 5α-reduced neurosteroids, indicating that neurosteroids mediate LTP inhibition. 5α-Neurosteroids also have anti-inflammatory effects, and we found that exogenous allopregnanolone (AlloP), a key 5α-reduced steroid, prevented effects of low but not high LPS on LTP. We also found that activation of TLR2, TLR3 and TLR7 inhibited LTP and that AlloP prevented the effects of TLR2 and TLR7, but not TLR3. The enantiomer of AlloP, a steroid that has anti-inflammatory actions but low activity at GABAA receptors, prevented LTP inhibition by TLR2, TLR3 and TLR7. In vivo, both AlloP enantiomers prevented LPS-induced learning defects. These studies indicate that neurosteroids play complex roles in network effects of acute neuroinflammation and have potential importance for development of AlloP analogues as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitoshi Izumi
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Kazuko A. O’Dell
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Anil G. Cashikar
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Steven M. Paul
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Douglas F. Covey
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- Developmental Biology and Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Mennerick
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Charles F. Zorumski
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- The Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
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Shi Y, Zhu J, Hou C, Li X, Tong Q. Mining key circadian biomarkers for major depressive disorder by integrating bioinformatics and machine learning. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:10299-10320. [PMID: 38874508 PMCID: PMC11236317 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify key clock genes closely associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) using bioinformatics and machine learning approaches. METHODS Gene expression data of 128 MDD patients and 64 healthy controls from blood samples were obtained. Differentially expressed were identified and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was first performed to screen MDD-related key genes. These genes were then intersected with 1475 known circadian rhythm genes to identify circadian rhythm genes associated with MDD. Finally, multiple machine learning algorithms were applied for further selection, to determine the most critical 4 circadian rhythm biomarkers. RESULTS Four key circadian rhythm genes (ABCC2, APP, HK2 and RORA) were identified that could effectively distinguish MDD samples from controls. These genes were significantly enriched in circadian pathways and showed strong correlations with immune cell infiltration. Drug target prediction suggested that small molecules like melatonin and escitalopram may target these circadian rhythm proteins. CONCLUSION This study revealed discovered 4 key circadian rhythm genes closely associated with MDD, which may serve as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The findings highlight the important roles of circadian disruptions in the pathogenesis of MDD, providing new insights for precision diagnosis and targeted treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Jue Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Chaowen Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Qiaozhen Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
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Daray FM, Grendas LN, Arena ÁR, Tifner V, Álvarez Casiani RI, Olaviaga A, Chiapella LC, Vázquez G, Penna MB, Hunter F, Prokopez CR, Carrera Silva EA, Errasti AE. Decoding the inflammatory signature of the major depressive episode: insights from peripheral immunophenotyping in active and remitted condition, a case-control study. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:254. [PMID: 38866753 PMCID: PMC11169351 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent and incapacitating condition with a significant impact on global morbidity and mortality. Although the immune system's role in its pathogenesis is increasingly recognized, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the involvement of innate and adaptive immune cells. To address this gap, we conducted a multicenter case-control study involving 121 participants matched for sex and age. These participants had either an active (or current) major depressive episode (MDE) (39 cases) or a remitted MDE (40 cases), including individuals with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. We compared these 79 patients to 42 healthy controls (HC), analyzing their immunological profiles. In blood samples, we determined the complete cell count and the monocyte subtypes and lymphocyte T-cell populations using flow cytometry. Additionally, we measured a panel of cytokines, chemokines, and neurotrophic factors in the plasma. Compared with HC, people endorsing a current MDE showed monocytosis (p = 0.001), increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = 0.002), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.003), and an altered proportion of specific monocyte subsets. CD4 lymphocytes presented increased median percentages of activation markers CD69+ (p = 0.007) and exhaustion markers PD1+ (p = 0.013) and LAG3+ (p = 0.014), as well as a higher frequency of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (p = 0.003). Additionally, patients showed increased plasma levels of sTREM2 (p = 0.0089). These changes are more likely state markers, indicating the presence of an ongoing inflammatory response during an active MDE. The Random Forest model achieved remarkable classification accuracies of 83.8% for MDE vs. HC and 70% for differentiating active and remitted MDE. Interestingly, the cluster analysis identified three distinct immunological profiles among MDE patients. Cluster 1 has the highest number of leukocytes, mainly given by the increment in lymphocyte count and the lowest proinflammatory cytokine levels. Cluster 3 displayed the most robust inflammatory pattern, with high levels of TNFα, CX3CL1, IL-12p70, IL-17A, IL-23, and IL-33, associated with the highest level of IL-10, as well as β-NGF and the lowest level for BDNF. This profile is also associated with the highest absolute number and percentage of circulating monocytes and the lowest absolute number and percentage of circulating lymphocytes, denoting an active inflammatory process. Cluster 2 has some cardinal signs of more acute inflammation, such as elevated levels of CCL2 and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IFNγ, and CXCL8. Similarly, the absolute number of monocytes is closer to a HC value, as well as the percentage of lymphocytes, suggesting a possible initiation of the inflammatory process. The study provides new insights into the immune system's role in MDE, paving the ground for replication prospective studies targeting the development of diagnostic and prognostic tools and new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Manuel Daray
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Leandro Nicolás Grendas
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Teodoro Álvarez", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángeles Romina Arena
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vera Tifner
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Isabel Álvarez Casiani
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Teodoro Álvarez", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Olaviaga
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Cosme Argerich", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Carla Chiapella
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Vázquez
- Queen's University Medical School Kingston, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Melina Bianca Penna
- Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Teodoro Álvarez", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Hunter
- Hospital General de Agudos "José María Ramos Mejía", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cintia Romina Prokopez
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital Neuropsiquiátrico "Dr. Braulio A. Moyano", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eugenio Antonio Carrera Silva
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrea Emilse Errasti
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Guevara CA, Alloo K, Gupta S, Thomas R, Del Valle P, Magee AR, Benson DL, Huntley GW. Parkinson's LRRK2-G2019S risk gene mutation drives sex-specific behavioral and cellular adaptations to chronic variable stress. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.05.597647. [PMID: 38895277 PMCID: PMC11185622 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.05.597647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety is a psychiatric non-motor symptom of Parkinson's that can appear in the prodromal period, prior to significant loss of brainstem dopamine neurons and motor symptoms. Parkinson's-related anxiety affects females more than males, despite the greater prevalence of Parkinson's in males. How stress, anxiety and Parkinson's are related and the basis for a sex-specific impact of stress in Parkinson's are not clear. We addressed this using young adult male and female mice carrying a G2019S knockin mutation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 ( Lrrk2 G2019S ) and Lrrk2 WT control mice. In humans, LRRK2 G2019S significantly elevates the risk of late-onset Parkinson's. To assess within-sex differences between Lrrk2 G2019S and control mice in stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in young adulthood, we used a within-subject design whereby Lrrk2 G2019S and Lrrk2 WT control mice underwent tests of anxiety-like behaviors before (baseline) and following a 28 day (d) variable stress paradigm. There were no differences in behavioral measures between genotypes in males or females at baseline, indicating that the mutation alone does not produce anxiety-like responses. Following chronic stress, male Lrrk2 G2019S mice were affected similarly to male wildtypes except for novelty-suppressed feeding, where stress had no impact on Lrrk2 G2019S mice while significantly increasing latency to feed in Lrrk2 WT control mice. Female Lrrk2 G2019S mice were impacted by chronic stress similarly to wildtype females across all behavioral measures. Subsequent post-stress analyses compared cFos immunolabeling-based cellular activity patterns across several stress-relevant brain regions. The density of cFos-activated neurons across brain regions in both male and female Lrrk2 G2019S mice was generally lower compared to stressed Lrrk2 WT mice, except for the nucleus accumbens of male Lrrk2 G2019S mice, where cFos-labeled cell density was significantly higher than all other groups. Together, these data suggest that the Lrrk2 G2019S mutation differentially impacts anxiety-like behavioral responses to chronic stress in males and females that may reflect sex-specific adaptations observed in circuit activation patterns in stress-related brain regions.
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Ni J, Wu P, Lu X, Xu C. Examining the cross-sectional relationship of platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with depressive symptoms in adults in the United States. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:427. [PMID: 38849781 PMCID: PMC11157938 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Herein, we examined the correlation between platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR) and symptoms of depression among United States adults. METHODS Data acquired from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, involving individuals ≥ 20 years of age, with available PHR and depression diagnosis information. We employed weighted uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses to assess the distinct correlation between PHR and depressive symptoms. Additionally, we conducted subgroup, interaction, and restricted cubic spline analyses. RESULTS In all, 28,098 subjects were recruited for analysis, with 8.04% depression status and 19.31 ± 0.11 mean PHR value. Depressive symptoms increased with higher quartiles of PHR. Following fully confounder adjustments in model 2, participants with the largest PHR quartiles exhibited a 53% (OR: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.00-2.33, P = 0.05) raised depressive symptoms, relative to participants with least PHR quartiles. Based on the two-piece-wise regression, the breakpoint was PHR = 23.76, and a positive association was more evident when PHR < 23.76 (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02-1.10, P = 0.01). When PHR ≥ 23.76, the correlation disappeared (P = 0.85). Using subgroup and interaction analyses, we revealed a positive relationship between PHR and depressive symptoms almost consistent among various population settings. CONCLUSIONS A convenient biomarker, the PHR was independently associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms and may be a promising new bioindicator for the prediction of depression diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ni
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, China
| | - Pu Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, China.
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chaoyang Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, China.
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Jiang H, Fu CY. Identification of shared potential diagnostic markers in asthma and depression through bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112064. [PMID: 38608447 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is mounting evidence that asthma might exacerbate depression. We sought to examine candidates for diagnostic genes in patients suffering from asthma and depression. METHODS Microarray data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database and used to screen for differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the SA and MDD datasets. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA) was used to identify the co-expression modules of SA and MDD. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operatoes(LASSO) and support vector machine(SVM) were used to determine critical biomarkers. Immune cell infiltration analysis was used to investigate the correlation between immune cell infiltration and common biomarkers of SA and MDD. Finally, validation of these analytical results was accomplished via the use of both in vivo and in vitro studies. RESULTS The number of DEGs that were included in the MDD dataset was 5177, whereas the asthma dataset had 1634 DEGs. The intersection of DEGs for SA and MDD included 351 genes, the strongest positive modules of SA and MDD was 119 genes, which played a function in immunity. The intersection of DEGs and modular hub genes was 54, following the analysis using machine learning algorithms,three hub genes were identified and employed to formulate a nomogram and for the evaluation of diagnostic effectiveness, which demonstrated a significant diagnostic value (area under the curve from 0.646 to 0.979). Additionally, immunocyte disorder was identified by immune infiltration. In vitro studies have revealed that STK11IP deficiency aggravated the LPS/IFN-γinduced up-regulation in M1 macrophage activation. CONCLUSION Asthma and MDD pathophysiology may be associated with alterations in inflammatory processes and immune pathways. Additionally, STK11IP may serve as a diagnostic marker for individuals with the two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East hospital,School of Medicine, Tongji university, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Yong Fu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Silva ZM, Toledo DNM, Pio S, Machado BAA, dos Santos PV, Hó FG, Medina YN, Cordeiro PHDM, Perucci LO, Pinto KMDC, Talvani A. Neuroserpin, IL-33 and IL-17A as potential markers of mild symptoms of depressive syndrome in Toxoplasma gondii-infected pregnant women. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1394456. [PMID: 38835777 PMCID: PMC11148649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Depressive syndrome (DS) is a common complication during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and is triggered by multiple organic/genetic and environmental factors. Clinical and biochemical follow-up is essential for the early diagnosis and prognosis of DS. The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii causes infectious damage to the fetus during parasite primary-infection. However, in long-term infections, pregnant women develop immune protection to protect the fetus, although they remain susceptible to pathological or inflammatory effects induced by T. gondii. This study aimed to investigate plasma inflammatory biomarkers in pregnant women seropositive and seronegative for T. gondii, with diagnoses of minor and moderate/severe DS. Methods Pregnant women (n=45; age=18-39 years) were recruited during prenatal care at health centers in Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Participants were asked to complete a socio-demographic questionnaire to be submitted to well-standardized DS scale calculators (Beck Depression Inventory Questionnaire, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and Major Depressive Episode Module). Additionally, 4 mL of blood was collected for plasma neuroserpin, CCL2, IL-17A, and IL-33 analysis. Results Pregnant volunteers with chronic T. gondii contact were all IgG+ (44%; n=21) and exhibited increased plasma IL-33, IL-17A, and neuroserpin levels, but not CCL2, compared to uninfected pregnant women. Using Beck's depression inventory, we observed an increase in plasma IL-17A and IL-33 in women with T. gondii infeCction diagnosed with mild DS, whereas neuroserpin was associated with minor and moderate/severe DS. Discussion Our data suggest a close relationship between DS in pregnant women with chronic T. gondii infection and neurological conditions, which may be partially mediated by plasma neuroserpin, IL-33, and IL-17A levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolder Marinho Silva
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora Nonato Miranda Toledo
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Sirlaine Pio
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Bianca Alves Almeida Machado
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Evolução Crustal e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Vilela dos Santos
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávia Galvão Hó
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Yasmim Nogueira Medina
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique de Miranda Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Escola de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiza Oliveira Perucci
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, California University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kelerson Mauro de Castro Pinto
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Escola de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia da Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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11
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Li G, Hu L, Gu X, Zhu W, Zhen X, Sun X. Targeting Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels to Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior in Mice. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1239-1253. [PMID: 38383879 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays crucial role in the development and progression of depression. Large conductance calcium- and voltage-dependent potassium (BK) channels mediate the activation of microglia. Herein, we investigated whether BK channels could serve as a target for the treatment of inflammation-associated depression. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.83 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) to induce neuroinflammation and depressive-like behavior in 6-8 week ICR mice. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) constructs (AAV9-Iba1p-BK shRNA-EGFP (BK shRNA-AAV) or AAV9-Iba1p-NC shRNA-EGFP (NC shRNA-AAV)) were unilaterally injected intracerebroventricularly to selectively knock down BK channels in microglia. The tail suspension test (TST) and forced-swim test (FST) were used to evaluate depressive-like behavior in mice 24 h after LPS challenge. The morphology of microglia, expression of BK channels, levels of cytokines, and expression and activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) were measured by immunohistochemistry, western blot, quantitative real time PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Either paxilline (i.p.), a specific BK channel blocker, or BK shRNA-AAV effectively inhibited the activation of microglia, reduced the production of IL-1β in the hippocampus and suppressed the expression and activity of IDO in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, resulting in the amelioration of depressive-like behavior in mice. These data suggest for the first time that BK channels are involved in LPS-induced depressive-like behaviors. Thus, microglia BK channels may be a potential drug target for the depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangjing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangcheng Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijun Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Bai Y, Cai Y, Chang D, Li D, Huo X, Zhu T. Immunotherapy for depression: Recent insights and future targets. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108624. [PMID: 38442780 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Depression stands as a prominent contributor to global disability, entailing an elevated risk of suicide. Substantial evidence supports the notion that immune dysregulation may play a role in the development of depression and impede responses to antidepressant treatments. Immune dysregulation may cause depression in susceptible individuals through raising inflammatory responses. Differences in immune cell types and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators are observed in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with major depressive disorder, which is associated with neuroimmune dysfunction. Therefore, the interaction of peripheral and central immune targets in depression needs to be understood. Urgent attention is required for the development of innovative therapeutics directed at modulating immune responses for the treatment of depression. This review delineates the immune mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of depression, assesses the therapeutic potential of immune system targeting for depression treatment, and deliberates on the merits and constraints of employing immunotherapy in the management of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yang Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Di Chang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Daxing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xinchen Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tianhao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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13
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Chang J, Jiang T, Shan X, Zhang M, Li Y, Qi X, Bian Y, Zhao L. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in stress-induced depression: Novel insights into mechanisms and promising therapeutic strategies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 131:110931. [PMID: 38176531 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Stress-mediated depression is one of the common psychiatric disorders with a high prevalence and suicide rate, there is a lack of effective treatment. Accordingly, effective treatments with few adverse effects are urgently needed. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs) may play a key role in stress-mediated depression. Thereupon, both preclinical and clinical studies have found higher levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in peripheral blood and brain tissue of patients with depression. Recent studies have found PICs cause depression by affecting neuroinflammation, monoamine neurotransmitters, hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis and neuroplasticity. Moreover, they play an important role in the symptom, development and progression of depression, maybe a potential diagnostic and therapeutic marker of depression. In addition, well-established antidepressant therapies have some relief on high levels of PICs. Importantly, anti-inflammatory drugs relieve depressive symptoms by reducing levels of PICs. Collectively, reducing PICs may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Tingcan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yujiao Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 300121, China
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Lan Zhao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China.
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14
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Ran S, Peng R, Guo Q, Cui J, Chen G, Wang Z. Bupleurum in Treatment of Depression Disorder: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:512. [PMID: 38675471 PMCID: PMC11054835 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of depression has been steadily rising in recent years, making it one of the most prevalent mental illnesses. As the pursuit of novel antidepressant drugs captivates the pharmaceutical field, the therapeutic efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely explored. Chaihu (Bupleurum) has been traditionally used for liver conditions such as hepatitis, liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, and liver cancer. It is believed to have hepatoprotective effects, promoting liver cell regeneration and protecting against liver damage. In addition, Bupleurum has also been used as a Jie Yu (depression-relieving) medicine in China, Japan, Republic of Korea, and other Asian countries for centuries. This review article aims to summarize the research conducted on the antidepressant properties and mechanisms of Bupleurum, as well as discuss the potential of TCM formulas containing Bupleurum. This review highlights various antidepressant ingredients isolated from Bupleurum, including saikosaponin A, saikosaponin D, rutin, puerarin, and quercetin, each with distinct mechanisms of action. Additionally, Chinese herb prescriptions and extracts containing Bupleurum, such as Chaihu Shugansan, Xiaoyaosan, and Sinisan, are also included due to their demonstrated antidepressant effects. This review reveals that these Bupleurum compounds exhibit antidepressant effects through the regulation of neurotransmitter mechanisms (such as 5-HT and DA), the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) system, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and other intracellular signaling pathways. Collectively, this comprehensive review provides insights into the multiple applications of Bupleurum in the treatment of depression and highlights its potential as an alternative or complementary approach to traditional therapies. However, it is essential to consider the potential adverse effects and clinical restrictions of Bupleurum despite its promising potential. Further research is needed to elucidate its specific mechanisms of action and evaluate its effectiveness in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.R.); (R.P.); (Q.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Ziying Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.R.); (R.P.); (Q.G.); (J.C.)
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15
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Fournier LA, Phadke RA, Salgado M, Brack A, Nocon JC, Bolshakova S, Grant JR, Padró Luna NM, Sen K, Cruz-Martín A. Overexpression of the schizophrenia risk gene C4 in PV cells drives sex-dependent behavioral deficits and circuit dysfunction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.27.575409. [PMID: 38328248 PMCID: PMC10849664 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.27.575409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Fast-spiking parvalbumin (PV)-positive cells are key players in orchestrating pyramidal neuron activity, and their dysfunction is consistently observed in myriad brain diseases. To understand how immune complement dysregulation - a prevalent locus of brain disease etiology - in PV cells may drive disease pathogenesis, we have developed a transgenic mouse line that permits cell-type specific overexpression of the schizophrenia-associated complement component 4 (C4) gene. We found that overexpression of mouse C4 (mC4) in PV cells causes sex-specific behavioral alterations and concomitant deficits in synaptic connectivity and excitability of PV cells of the prefrontal cortex. Using a computational network, we demonstrated that these microcircuit deficits led to hyperactivity and disrupted neural communication. Finally, pan-neuronal overexpression of mC4 failed to evoke the same deficits in behavior as PV-specific mC4 overexpression, suggesting that C4 perturbations in fast-spiking neurons are more harmful to brain function than pan-neuronal alterations. Together, these results provide a causative link between C4 and the vulnerability of PV cells in brain disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A. Fournier
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rhushikesh A. Phadke
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Salgado
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alison Brack
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jian Carlo Nocon
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Hearing Research Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sonia Bolshakova
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Bioinformatics MS Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jaylyn R. Grant
- Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, United States
- The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Program, Boston University, Boston, United States
| | - Nicole M. Padró Luna
- The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Program, Boston University, Boston, United States
- Biology Department, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Kamal Sen
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Hearing Research Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Alberto Cruz-Martín
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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16
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Rittmannsberger H, Barth M, Lamprecht B, Malik P, Yazdi-Zorn K. [Interaction of somatic findings and psychiatric symptoms in COVID-19. A scoping review]. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE : KLINIK, DIAGNOSTIK, THERAPIE UND REHABILITATION : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT OSTERREICHISCHER NERVENARZTE UND PSYCHIATER 2024; 38:1-23. [PMID: 38055146 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-023-00487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
An infection with SARS-CoV‑2 can affect the central nervous system, leading to neurological as well as psychiatric symptoms. In this respect, mechanisms of inflammation seem to be of much greater importance than the virus itself. This paper deals with the possible contributions of organic changes to psychiatric symptomatology and deals especially with delirium, cognitive symptoms, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis. Processes of neuroinflammation with infection of capillary endothelial cells and activation of microglia and astrocytes releasing high amounts of cytokines seem to be of key importance in all kinds of disturbances. They can lead to damage in grey and white matter, impairment of cerebral metabolism and loss of connectivity. Such neuroimmunological processes have been described as a organic basis for many psychiatric disorders, as affective disorders, psychoses and dementia. As the activation of the glia cells can persist for a long time after the offending agent has been cleared, this can contribute to long term sequalae of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Rittmannsberger
- Abteilung Psychiatrie und psychotherapeutische Medizin, Pyhrn-Eisenwurzen Klinikum Steyr, Steyr, Österreich.
| | - Martin Barth
- Abteilung Psychiatrie und psychotherapeutische Medizin, Pyhrn-Eisenwurzen Klinikum Steyr, Steyr, Österreich
| | - Bernd Lamprecht
- Med Campus III, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Pneumologie, Kepler Universitätsklinikum GmbH, Linz, Österreich
- Medizinische Fakultät, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Linz, Österreich
| | - Peter Malik
- Abteilung Psychiatrie und psychotherapeutische Medizin, Pyhrn-Eisenwurzen Klinikum Steyr, Steyr, Österreich
| | - Kurosch Yazdi-Zorn
- Neuromed Campus, Klinik für Psychiatrie mit Schwerpunkt Suchtmedizin, Kepler Universitätsklinikum GmbH, Linz, Österreich
- Medizinische Fakultät, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Linz, Österreich
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17
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Magalhães DM, Mampay M, Sebastião AM, Sheridan GK, Valente CA. Age-related impact of social isolation in mice: Young vs middle-aged. Neurochem Int 2024; 174:105678. [PMID: 38266657 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Social isolation is a chronic mild stressor and a significant risk factor for mental health disorders. Herein we explored the impact of social isolation on depression- and anxiety-like behaviours, as well as spatial memory impairments, in middle-aged male mice compared to post-weaning mice. We aimed to quantify and correlate social isolation-induced behaviour discrepancies with changes in hippocampal glial cell reactivity and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Post-weaning and middle-aged C57BL7/J6 male mice were socially isolated for a 3-week period and behavioural tests were performed on the last five days of isolation. We found that 3 weeks of social isolation led to depressive-like behaviour in the forced swim test, anxiety-like behaviour in the open field test, and spatial memory impairment in the Morris water maze paradigm in middle-aged male mice. These behavioural alterations were not observed in male mice after post-weaning social isolation, indicating resilience to isolation-mediated stress. Increased Iba-1 expression and NLRP3 priming were both observed in the hippocampus of socially isolated middle-aged mice, suggesting a role for microglia and NLRP3 pathway in the detrimental effects of social isolation on cognition and behaviour. Young socially isolated mice also demonstrated elevated NLRP3 priming compared to controls, but no differences in Iba-1 levels and no significant changes in behaviour. Ageing-induced microglia activation and enhancement of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 proinflammatory cytokines, known signs of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, were also detected. Altogether, data suggest that social isolation, in addition to inflammaging, contributes to stress-related cognitive impairment in middle-aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Magalhães
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Myrthe Mampay
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Cláudia A Valente
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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18
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Anmella G, Meehan A, Ashton M, Mohebbi M, Fico G, Ng CH, Maes M, Berk L, Prisco MD, Singh AB, Malhi GS, Berk M, Dodd S, Hidalgo-Mazzei D, Grande I, Pacchiarotti I, Murru A, Vieta E, Dean OM. Exploring Clinical Subgroups of Participants with Major Depressive Disorder that may Benefit from Adjunctive Minocycline Treatment. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 22:33-44. [PMID: 38247410 PMCID: PMC10811397 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.23.1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective : To explore illness-related factors in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) recipients of adjunctive minocycline (200 mg/day) treatment. The analysis included participants experiencing MDD from a 12-week, double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial (RCT). Methods : This is a sub-analysis of a RCT of all 71 participants who took part in the trial. The impact of illness chronicity (illness duration and number of depressive episodes), systemic illness (endocrine, cardiovascular and obesity), adverse effects and minocycline were evaluated as change from baseline to endpoint (12-week) using ANCOVA. Results : There was a consistent but statistically non-significant trend on all outcomes in favour of the use of adjunctive minocycline for participants without systemic illness, less illness chronicity, and fewer adverse effects. Conclusion : Understanding the relationship between MDD and illness chronicity, comorbid systemic illness, and adverse effects, can potentially better characterise those individuals who are more likely to respond to adjunctive anti-inflammatory medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Anmella
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Digital Innovation Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alcy Meehan
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie Ashton
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohammadreza Mohebbi
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Deakin University, Faculty of Health, Biostatistics Unit, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Giovanna Fico
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Digital Innovation Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chee H. Ng
- The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lesley Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Michele De Prisco
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Digital Innovation Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ajeet B. Singh
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Gin S. Malhi
- Department of Psychiatry, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Seetal Dodd
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Digital Innovation Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iria Grande
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Digital Innovation Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Digital Innovation Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Murru
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Digital Innovation Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Digital Innovation Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivia M. Dean
- Deakin University, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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19
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Kouba BR, de Araujo Borba L, Borges de Souza P, Gil-Mohapel J, Rodrigues ALS. Role of Inflammatory Mechanisms in Major Depressive Disorder: From Etiology to Potential Pharmacological Targets. Cells 2024; 13:423. [PMID: 38474387 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The involvement of central and peripheral inflammation in the pathogenesis and prognosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been demonstrated. The increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α) in individuals with depression may elicit neuroinflammatory processes and peripheral inflammation, mechanisms that, in turn, can contribute to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Together, neuroinflammation and gut dysbiosis induce alterations in tryptophan metabolism, culminating in decreased serotonin synthesis, impairments in neuroplasticity-related mechanisms, and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. This review aims to highlight the inflammatory mechanisms (neuroinflammation, peripheral inflammation, and gut dysbiosis) involved in the pathophysiology of MDD and to explore novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches for this psychiatric disturbance. Several lines of evidence have indicated that in addition to antidepressants, physical exercise, probiotics, and nutraceuticals (agmatine, ascorbic acid, and vitamin D) possess anti-inflammatory effects that may contribute to their antidepressant properties. Further studies are necessary to explore the therapeutic benefits of these alternative therapies for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna R Kouba
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Laura de Araujo Borba
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Pedro Borges de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Joana Gil-Mohapel
- Island Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
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20
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Ito M, Ito H, Miyoshi K, Kanai-Azuma M. Chronic non-discriminatory social defeat stress during the perinatal period induces depressive-like outcomes in female mice. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148734. [PMID: 38110072 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Depression is more prevalent in women than in men. Perinatal stress is one of the main risk factors for depression in women. However, there is no suitable female model for perinatal depression that uses the social defeat stress (SDS) paradigm. The standard chronic SDS protocol, which is the most useful method for developing a depression-like model, is effective only in male mice. Thus, this study aimed to characterize a novel SDS method for producing a perinatal depression-like model mouse. We induced chronic SDS in perinatal female mice, wherein chronic non-discriminatory SDS (ND-SDS) was used to induce substantial stress in female mice. The female mice were placed in aggressive ICR mouse cages with sentinel male mice under ND-SDS conditions. Stressed female mice subjected to ND-SDS during the perinatal period efficiently exhibited stress-susceptible phenotypes, such as a social avoidance phenotype and anhedonic behavior, whereas stressed female mice subjected to SDS did not show depressive-like behaviors. These results indicate that chronic ND-SDS in perinatal females could be used to develop a female perinatal depression-like model that can be used to study women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Ito
- Department of Basic Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1, Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0793 Japan; Research Facility Center for Science and Technology, Kagawa University, 1750-1, Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0793 Japan
| | - Hikaru Ito
- Department of Basic Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1, Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0793 Japan; Research Facility Center for Science and Technology, Kagawa University, 1750-1, Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0793 Japan; Department of Experimental Animal Model for Human Disease, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan; Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan.
| | - Kaori Miyoshi
- Department of Experimental Animal Model for Human Disease, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan; Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan
| | - Masami Kanai-Azuma
- Department of Experimental Animal Model for Human Disease, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan; Center for Experimental Animals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan
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21
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Li S, Lv D, Qian C, Jiang J, Zhang P, Xi C, Wu L, Gao X, Fu Y, Zhang D, Chen Y, Huang H, Zhu Y, Wang X, Lai J, Hu S. Circulating T-cell subsets discrepancy between bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder during mood episodes: A naturalistic, retrospective study of 1015 cases. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14361. [PMID: 37491837 PMCID: PMC10848094 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to investigate whether peripheral T-cell subsets could be a biomarker to distinguish major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS Medical records of hospitalized patients in the Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from January 2015 to September 2020 with a discharge diagnosis of MDD or BD were reviewed. Patients who underwent peripheral blood examination of T-cell subtype proportions, including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T-cell, and natural killer (NK) cells, were enrolled. The Chi-square test, t-test, or one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze group differences. Demographic profiles and T-cell data were used to construct a random forest classifier-based diagnostic model. RESULTS Totally, 98 cases of BD mania, 459 cases of BD depression (BD-D), and 458 cases of MDD were included. There were significant differences in the proportions of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T-cell, and NK cells among the three groups. Compared with MDD, the BD-D group showed higher CD8+ but lower CD4+ T-cell and a significantly lower ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ proportions. The random forest model achieved an area under the curve of 0.77 (95% confidence interval: 0.71-0.83) to distinguish BD-D from MDD patients. CONCLUSION These findings imply that BD and MDD patients may harbor different T-cell inflammatory patterns, which could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Duo Lv
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Chao Qian
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Shaoxing 7th People's HospitalShaoxingChina
| | - Jiajun Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Peifen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Caixi Xi
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lingling Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xingle Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yaoyang Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Danhua Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | | | - Yiyi Zhu
- Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jianbo Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental HealthHangzhouChina
- Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Brain Science and Brian Medicine, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Machine IntegrationZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental HealthHangzhouChina
- Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Brain Science and Brian Medicine, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Machine IntegrationZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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22
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Calapai M, Puzzo L, Bova G, Vecchio DA, Blandino R, Barbagallo A, Ammendolia I, Cardia L, Calapai F, Currò M, Ficarra G, Esposito E, Trimarchi F, Di Mauro D, Calapai G, Mannucci C. Effects of Physical Exercise and Motor Activity on Depression and Anxiety in Post-Mastectomy Pain Syndrome. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:77. [PMID: 38255692 PMCID: PMC10820195 DOI: 10.3390/life14010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic post-surgical pain is a condition persisting for not less than 3 months after surgical intervention. It is evaluated that 25-60% of women who underwent breast cancer excision suffer from post-mastectomy pain syndrome, and anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, and catastrophizing. Physical activity can reduce the risk of chronic diseases and has a good impact on mood and cognitive function. The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of physical activity on the intensity of pain, depression, and anxiety in women who underwent mastectomy for breast cancer removal. METHODS A prospective observational unicentric cohort study was performed. Patients were females who underwent unilateral or bilateral mastectomy. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was used to measure pain intensity, Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) for depression, and Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety evaluation. Physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Interleukin (IL)-17, IL-1β, cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were also evaluated in the blood of patients. All evaluations were assessed 3 and 6 months after the surgery. RESULTS Adequate physical activity reduced the intensity of pain, depression, and anxiety symptoms in women affected by post-mastectomy pain syndrome. Moreover, adequately active women showed a reduction in biomarkers of inflammation, cortisol, ACTH, and an increase of BDNF. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that physical activity can improve the quality of life, reduce the intensity of pain and inflammatory markers, and be useful in the reduction of associated anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Calapai
- Breast Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (L.P.); (D.A.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Luisa Puzzo
- Breast Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (L.P.); (D.A.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Bova
- Pain Therapy Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, Italy; (G.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniele Alfio Vecchio
- Breast Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (L.P.); (D.A.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Rosario Blandino
- Breast Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (L.P.); (D.A.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Alessia Barbagallo
- Pain Therapy Unit, San Vincenzo Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Messina, 98039 Messina, Italy; (G.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Ilaria Ammendolia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (I.A.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Luigi Cardia
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Calapai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (I.A.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Mariaconcetta Currò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (I.A.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Giovanni Ficarra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (I.A.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
- Genetics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Fabio Trimarchi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (F.T.); (D.D.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Debora Di Mauro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (F.T.); (D.D.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Carmen Mannucci
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (F.T.); (D.D.M.); (C.M.)
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23
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Huang HY, Yu RL, Tsai WF, Chuang WL, Huang JF, Dai CY, Tan CH. Impact of interleukin-1β single nucleotide polymorphisms and depressive symptoms in individuals with chronic viral hepatitis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:94-104. [PMID: 37937732 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) have been identified in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and have been associated with depressive symptoms. Given the high prevalence of depression in this patient population, this study sought to explore the potential influence of IL-1β genetic variations on the severity of depressive symptoms. In a cohort of 181 Taiwanese patients with chronic viral hepatitis, we investigated the impact of five common IL-1β single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs16944, rs1143627, rs1143630, rs1143643, and rs3136558, on depressive symptoms using the Beck's Depression Inventory-II. Additionally, we analyzed the primary domains of IL-1β-related depressive symptoms according to Beck's six symptom categories of depression. Our analysis revealed significant associations between depressive symptoms and three intronic IL-1β SNPs. After controlling for age, sex, marital status, and education level, patients with the rs1143630 GG, rs1143643 CC, and rs3136558 AA genotypes demonstrated higher severity of depressive symptoms in the domains of indecision (p = 0.004), agitation (p = 0.001), and feelings of punishment (p = 0.005), respectively, compared to rs1143630 GA+AA, rs1143643 CT, and rs3136558 AG+GG genotypes. According to Beck's categorization, these symptoms can be classified into three dimensions: disturbances in emotion regulation, energy, and cognition. Our findings demonstrate the association between IL-1β polymorphisms and depressive symptoms and suggest a potential underlying mechanism for specific depressive symptoms within the chronic viral hepatitis population. These insights could improve our understanding and treatment of depressive symptoms in individuals with viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Huang
- Department of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Rwei-Ling Yu
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fang Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Tan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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24
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Murray GM, Sessle BJ. Pain-sensorimotor interactions: New perspectives and a new model. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2024; 15:100150. [PMID: 38327725 PMCID: PMC10847382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2024.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
How pain and sensorimotor behavior interact has been the subject of research and debate for many decades. This article reviews theories bearing on pain-sensorimotor interactions and considers their strengths and limitations in the light of findings from experimental and clinical studies of pain-sensorimotor interactions in the spinal and craniofacial sensorimotor systems. A strength of recent theories is that they have incorporated concepts and features missing from earlier theories to account for the role of the sensory-discriminative, motivational-affective, and cognitive-evaluative dimensions of pain in pain-sensorimotor interactions. Findings acquired since the formulation of these recent theories indicate that additional features need to be considered to provide a more comprehensive conceptualization of pain-sensorimotor interactions. These features include biopsychosocial influences that range from biological factors such as genetics and epigenetics to psychological factors and social factors encompassing environmental and cultural influences. Also needing consideration is a mechanistic framework that includes other biological factors reflecting nociceptive processes and glioplastic and neuroplastic changes in sensorimotor and related brain and spinal cord circuits in acute or chronic pain conditions. The literature reviewed and the limitations of previous theories bearing on pain-sensorimotor interactions have led us to provide new perspectives on these interactions, and this has prompted our development of a new concept, the Theory of Pain-Sensorimotor Interactions (TOPSMI) that we suggest gives a more comprehensive framework to consider the interactions and their complexity. This theory states that pain is associated with plastic changes in the central nervous system (CNS) that lead to an activation pattern of motor units that contributes to the individual's adaptive sensorimotor behavior. This activation pattern takes account of the biological, psychological, and social influences on the musculoskeletal tissues involved in sensorimotor behavior and on the plastic changes and the experience of pain in that individual. The pattern is normally optimized in terms of biomechanical advantage and metabolic cost related to the features of the individual's musculoskeletal tissues and aims to minimize pain and any associated sensorimotor changes, and thereby maintain homeostasis. However, adverse biopsychosocial factors and their interactions may result in plastic CNS changes leading to less optimal, even maladaptive, sensorimotor changes producing motor unit activation patterns associated with the development of further pain. This more comprehensive theory points towards customized treatment strategies, in line with the management approaches to pain proposed in the biopsychosocial model of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg M. Murray
- Discipline of Restorative and Reconstructive Dentistry, Sydney School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Darcy Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Barry J. Sessle
- Faculty of Dentistry and Temerty Faculty of Medicine Department of Physiology, and Centre for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
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25
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Doney E, Dion-Albert L, Coulombe-Rozon F, Osborne N, Bernatchez R, Paton SE, Kaufmann FN, Agomma RO, Solano JL, Gaumond R, Dudek KA, Szyszkowicz JK, Lebel M, Doyen A, Durand A, Lavoie-Cardinal F, Audet MC, Menard C. Chronic Stress Exposure Alters the Gut Barrier: Sex-Specific Effects on Microbiota and Jejunum Tight Junctions. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:213-228. [PMID: 38306213 PMCID: PMC10829561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Of individuals with MDD, 30% to 50% are unresponsive to common antidepressants, highlighting untapped causal biological mechanisms. Dysfunction in the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been implicated in MDD pathogenesis. Exposure to chronic stress disrupts blood-brain barrier integrity; still, little is known about intestinal barrier function in these conditions, particularly for the small intestine, where absorption of most foods and drugs takes place. Methods We investigated how chronic social or variable stress, two mouse models of depression, impact the jejunum intestinal barrier in males and females. Mice were subjected to stress paradigms followed by analysis of gene expression profiles of intestinal barrier-related targets, fecal microbial composition, and blood-based markers. Results Altered microbial populations and changes in gene expression of jejunum tight junctions were observed depending on the type and duration of stress, with sex-specific effects. We used machine learning to characterize in detail morphological tight junction properties, identifying a cluster of ruffled junctions in stressed animals. Junctional ruffling is associated with inflammation, so we evaluated whether lipopolysaccharide injection recapitulates stress-induced changes in the jejunum and observed profound sex differences. Finally, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, a marker of gut barrier leakiness, was associated with stress vulnerability in mice, and translational value was confirmed on blood samples from women with MDD. Conclusions Our results provide evidence that chronic stress disrupts intestinal barrier homeostasis in conjunction with the manifestation of depressive-like behaviors in a sex-specific manner in mice and, possibly, in human depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Doney
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurence Dion-Albert
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Francois Coulombe-Rozon
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Natasha Osborne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Renaud Bernatchez
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Sam E.J. Paton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Fernanda Neutzling Kaufmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Roseline Olory Agomma
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - José L. Solano
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Raphael Gaumond
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Katarzyna A. Dudek
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Joanna Kasia Szyszkowicz
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Manon Lebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Doyen
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Audrey Durand
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Flavie Lavoie-Cardinal
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Audet
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caroline Menard
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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26
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Shentu Y, Chen M, Wang H, Du X, Zhang W, Xie G, Zhou S, Ding L, Zhu Y, Zhu M, Zhang N, Du C, Ma J, Chen R, Yang J, Fan X, Gong Y, Zhang H, Fan J. Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced anxiety-like behavior by inhibiting checkpoint kinase 1 activation in the hippocampus of mice. Exp Neurol 2024; 371:114586. [PMID: 37898396 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gasotransmitter, exhibits the anxiolytic roles through its anti-inflammatory effects, although its underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Emerging evidence has documented that cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1)-regulated DNA damage plays an important role in the neurodegenerative diseases; however, there are few relevant reports on the research of Chk1 in neuropsychiatric diseases. Here, we aimed to investigate the regulatory role of H2S on Chk1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced anxiety-like behavior focusing on inflammasome activation in the hippocampus. Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE, a H2S-producing enzyme) knockout (CSE-/-) mice displayed anxiety-like behavior and activation of inflammasome-mediated inflammatory responses, manifesting by the increase levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1, microglia marker) expression in the hippocampus. Importantly, expression of p-Chk1 and γ-H2AX (DNA damage marker) levels were also increased in the hippocampus of CSE-/- mice. LPS treatment decreased the expression of CSE and CBS while increased p-Chk1 and γ-H2AX levels and inflammasome-activated neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of mice. Moreover, p-Chk1 and γ-H2AX protein levels and cellular immunoactivity were significantly increased while CSE and CBS were markedly decreased in cultured BV2 cells followed by LPS treatment. Treatment of mice with GYY4137, a donor of H2S, inhibited LPS-induced increased in p-Chk1 and γ-H2AX levels, mitigated inflammasome activation and inflammatory responses as well as amelioration of anxiety-like behavior. Notably, SB-218078, a selective Chk1 inhibitor treatment attenuated the effect of LPS on inflammasome activation and inflammatory responses and the induction of anxiety-like behavior. Finally, STAT3 knockdown with AAV-STAT3 shRNA alleviated LPS-induced anxiety-like behavior and inhibited inflammasome activation in the hippocampus, and blockade of NLRP3 with MCC950 attenuated neuroinflammation induction and ameliorated LPS-induced anxiety-like behavior. Overall, this study indicates that downregulation of Chk1 activity by H2S activation may be considered as a valid strategy for preventing the progression of LPS-induced anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangping Shentu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Mengfan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaotong Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Institute of Cixi Biomedical Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315302, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Guizhen Xie
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shaoyan Zhou
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Congkuo Du
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jianshe Ma
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jinge Yang
- Department of Medical Technology, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi 334709, China
| | - Xiaofang Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Institute of Cixi Biomedical Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315302, China.
| | - Junming Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Institute of Cixi Biomedical Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315302, China.
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27
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Wegener AJ, Hyer MM, Targett I, Kloster A, Shaw GA, Rodriguez AMM, Dyer SK, Neigh GN. Behavior, synaptic mitochondria, and microglia are differentially impacted by chronic adolescent stress and repeated endotoxin exposure in male and female rats. Stress 2024; 27:2299971. [PMID: 38179979 PMCID: PMC11064104 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2023.2299971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Early life adversity and chronic inflammation have both been associated with cognitive impairment and neural compromise. In this study, we investigated the interactions between a history of chronic adolescent stress (CAS) and repeated endotoxin exposure on behavior, synaptic mitochondria, and microglia in adult male and female Wistar rats. Adult rats from chronic stress and control conditions were exposed to either repeated endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) or saline injections every 3 days for 9 weeks. In both sexes, repeated LPS, regardless of stress history, impaired working memory in the Y maze. Regarding spatial memory, LPS impaired function for females; whereas, CAS altered function in males. Although males had an increase in anxiety-like behavior shortly after CAS, there were no long-term effects on anxiety-like behavior or social interaction observed in males or females. Stress did not alter synaptic mitochondrial function in either sex. Repeated LPS altered synaptic mitochondrial function such that ATP production was increased in females only. There were no observed increases in IBA-1 positive cells within the hippocampus for either sex. However, LPS and CAS altered microglia morphology in females. Impact of repeated LPS was evident at the terminal endpoint with increased spleen weight in both sexes and decreased adrenal weight in males only. Circulating cytokines were not impacted by repeated LPS at the terminal endpoint, but evidence of CAS effects on cytokines in females were evident. These data suggest a long-term impact of chronic stress and an impact of repeated endotoxin challenge in adulthood; however, not all physiological and behavioral metrics examined were impacted by the paradigm employed in this study and the two environmental challenges rarely interacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Wegener
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M M Hyer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - I Targett
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A Kloster
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - G A Shaw
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A M M Rodriguez
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S K Dyer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - G N Neigh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Shimo Y, Cathomas F, Lin HY, Chan KL, Parise LF, Li L, Ferrer-Pérez C, Muhareb S, Costi S, Murrough JW, Russo SJ. Social stress induces autoimmune responses against the brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305778120. [PMID: 38011565 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305778120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have revealed a high comorbidity between autoimmune diseases and psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the mechanisms connecting autoimmunity and depression remain unclear. Here, we aim to identify the processes by which stress impacts the adaptive immune system and the implications of such responses to depression. To examine this relationship, we analyzed antibody responses and autoimmunity in the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model in mice, and in clinical samples from patients with MDD. We show that socially stressed mice have elevated serum antibody concentrations. We also confirm that social stress leads to the expansion of specific T and B cell populations within the cervical lymph nodes, where brain-derived antigens are preferentially delivered. Sera from stress-susceptible (SUS) mice exhibited high reactivity against brain tissue, and brain-reactive immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels positively correlated with social avoidance behavior. IgG antibody concentrations in the brain were significantly higher in SUS mice than in unstressed mice, and positively correlated with social avoidance. Similarly, in humans, increased peripheral levels of brain-reactive IgG antibodies were associated with increased anhedonia. In vivo assessment of IgG antibodies showed they largely accumulate around blood vessels in the brain only in SUS mice. B cell-depleted mice exhibited stress resilience following CSDS, confirming the contribution of antibody-producing cells to social avoidance behavior. This study provides mechanistic insights connecting stress-induced autoimmune reactions against the brain and stress susceptibility. Therapeutic strategies targeting autoimmune responses might aid in the treatment of patients with MDD featuring immune abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Shimo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Flurin Cathomas
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Hsiao-Yun Lin
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Kenny L Chan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Lyonna F Parise
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Long Li
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Carmen Ferrer-Pérez
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Samer Muhareb
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Sara Costi
- Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine of Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - James W Murrough
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Depression and Anxiety Center for Discovery and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine of Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- The Brain-Body Research Center of the Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
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29
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Marinkovic K, White DR, Alderson Myers A, Parker KS, Arienzo D, Mason GF. Cortical GABA Levels Are Reduced in Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1666. [PMID: 38137114 PMCID: PMC10741691 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
After recovering from the acute COVID-19 illness, a substantial proportion of people continue experiencing post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), also termed "long COVID". Their quality of life is adversely impacted by persistent cognitive dysfunction and affective distress, but the underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study recruited a group of mostly young, previously healthy adults (24.4 ± 5.2 years of age) who experienced PASC for almost 6 months following a mild acute COVID-19 illness. Confirming prior evidence, they reported noticeable memory and attention deficits, brain fog, depression/anxiety, fatigue, and other symptoms potentially suggestive of excitation/inhibition imbalance. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was used to examine the neurochemical aspects of cell signaling with an emphasis on GABA levels in the occipital cortex. The PASC participants were compared to a control (CNT) group matched in demographics, intelligence, and an array of other variables. Controlling for tissue composition, biological sex, and alcohol intake, the PASC group had lower GABA+/water than CNT, which correlated with depression and poor sleep quality. The mediation analysis revealed that the impact of PASC on depression was partly mediated by lower GABA+/water, indicative of cortical hyperexcitability as an underlying mechanism. In addition, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) tended to be lower in the PASC group, possibly suggesting compromised neuronal integrity. Persistent neuroinflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of PASC-related neurocognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija Marinkovic
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA (A.A.M.); (D.A.)
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - David R. White
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA (A.A.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Austin Alderson Myers
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA (A.A.M.); (D.A.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Katie S. Parker
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA (A.A.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Donatello Arienzo
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA (A.A.M.); (D.A.)
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Graeme F. Mason
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Psychiatry, and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
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30
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Chen R, Routh BN, Straetker JE, Gibson CR, Weitzner AS, Bell KS, Gaudet AD, Fonken LK. Microglia depletion ameliorates neuroinflammation, anxiety-like behavior, and cognitive deficits in a sex-specific manner in Rev-erbα knockout mice. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:287-298. [PMID: 37648007 PMCID: PMC10788180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian system is an evolutionarily adaptive system that synchronizes biological and physiological activities within the body to the 24 h oscillations on Earth. At the molecular level, circadian clock proteins are transcriptional factors that regulate the rhythmic expression of genes involved in numerous physiological processes such as sleep, cognition, mood, and immune function. Environmental and genetic disruption of the circadian clock can lead to pathology. For example, global deletion of the circadian clock gene Rev-erbα (RKO) leads to hyperlocomotion, increased anxiety-like behaviors, and cognitive impairments in male mice; however, the mechanisms underlying behavioral changes remain unclear. Here we hypothesized that RKO alters microglia function leading to neuroinflammation and altered mood and cognition, and that microglia depletion can resolve neuroinflammation and restore behavior. We show that microglia depletion (CSF1R inhibitor, PLX5622) in 8-month-old RKO mice ameliorated hyperactivity, memory impairments, and anxiety/risky-like behaviors. RKO mice exhibited striking increases in expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β and IL-6). Surprisingly, these increases were only fully reversed by microglia depletion in the male but not female RKO hippocampus. In contrast, male RKO mice showed greater alterations in microglial morphology and phagocytic activity than females. In both sexes, microglia depletion reduced microglial branching and decreased CD68 production without altering astrogliosis. Taken together, we show that male and female RKO mice exhibit unique perturbations to the neuroimmune system, but microglia depletion is effective at rescuing aspects of behavioral changes in both sexes. These results demonstrate that microglia are involved in Rev-erbα-mediated changes in behavior and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhuo Chen
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Brandy N Routh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | | | - Cecily R Gibson
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Aidan S Weitzner
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Kiersten S Bell
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Andrew D Gaudet
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, USA; Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Laura K Fonken
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, USA.
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31
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Russo S, Chan K, Li L, Parise L, Cathomas F, LeClair K, Shimo Y, Lin HY, Durand-de Cuttoli R, Aubry A, Alvarez J, Drescher T, Osman A, Yuan C, Fisher-Foye R, Price G, Schmitt Y, Kaster M, Furtado GC, Lira S, Wang J, Han W, de Araujo I. Stress-activated brain-gut circuits disrupt intestinal barrier integrity and social behaviour. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3459170. [PMID: 37961128 PMCID: PMC10635315 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3459170/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress underlies the etiology of both major depressive disorder (MDD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), two highly prevalent and debilitating conditions with high rates of co-morbidity. However, it is not fully understood how the brain and gut bi-directionally communicate during stress to impact intestinal homeostasis and stress-relevant behaviours. Using the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model, we find that stressed mice display greater intestinal permeability and circulating levels of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared to unstressed control (CON) mice. Interestingly, the microbiota in the colon also exhibit elevated LPS biosynthesis gene expression following CSDS. Additionally, CSDS triggers an increase in pro-inflammatory colonic IFNγ+ Th1 cells and a decrease in IL4+ Th2 cells compared to CON mice, and this gut inflammation contributes to stress-induced intestinal barrier permeability and social avoidance behaviour. We next investigated the role of enteric neurons and identified that noradrenergic dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH)+ neurons in the colon are activated by CSDS, and that their ablation protects against gut pathophysiology and disturbances in social behaviour. Retrograde tracing from the colon identified a population of corticotropin-releasing hormone-expressing (CRH+) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) that innervate the colon and are activated by stress. Chemogenetically activating these PVH CRH+ neurons is sufficient to induce gut inflammation, barrier permeability, and social avoidance behaviour, while inhibiting these cells prevents these effects following exposure to CSDS. Thus, we define a stress-activated brain-to-gut circuit that confers colonic inflammation, leading to impaired intestinal barrier function, and consequent behavioural deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Long Li
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aya Osman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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32
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Wunram HL, Kasparbauer AM, Oberste M, Bender S. [Movement as a Neuromodulator: How Physical Activity Influences the Physiology of Adolescent Depression]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER- UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2023; 52:77-93. [PMID: 37851436 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Movement as a Neuromodulator: How Physical Activity Influences the Physiology of Adolescent Depression Abstract: In the context of adolescent depression, physical activity is becoming increasingly recognized for its positive effects on neuropathology. Current scientific findings indicate that physical training affects the biological effects of depression during adolescence. Yet the pathophysiology of adolescent depression is not yet fully understood. Besides psychosocial and genetic influences, various neurobiological factors are being discussed. One explanation model describes a dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) with a sustained elevation in cortisol concentration. Recent studies highlight neuroimmunological processes and a reduced concentration of growth factors as causative factors. These changes appear to lead to a dysregulation of the excitation and inhibition balance of the cerebral cortex as well as to cerebral morphological alterations. Regular physical training can potentially counteract the dysregulation of the HPA axis and normalize cortisol levels. The release of proinflammatory cytokines is inhibited, and the expression of growth factors involved in adult neurogenesis is stimulated. One should ensure the synergistic interaction of biological and psychosocial factors when designing the exercise schedule (endurance or strength training, group or individual sports, frequency, duration, and intensity). Addressing these open questions is essential when integrating physical activity into the guidelines for treating depressive disorders in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Lioba Wunram
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
- Kinderklinik Uniklinik Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
- Geteilte Erstautorenschaft
| | - Anna-Maria Kasparbauer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
- Geteilte Erstautorenschaft
| | - Max Oberste
- Institut für Medizinische Statistik und Bioinformatik, Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
| | - Stephan Bender
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
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33
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Ju S, Shin Y, Han S, Kwon J, Choi TG, Kang I, Kim SS. The Gut-Brain Axis in Schizophrenia: The Implications of the Gut Microbiome and SCFA Production. Nutrients 2023; 15:4391. [PMID: 37892465 PMCID: PMC10610543 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia, a severe mental illness affecting about 1% of the population, manifests during young adulthood, leading to abnormal mental function and behavior. Its multifactorial etiology involves genetic factors, experiences of adversity, infection, and gene-environment interactions. Emerging research indicates that maternal infection or stress during pregnancy may also increase schizophrenia risk in offspring. Recent research on the gut-brain axis highlights the gut microbiome's potential influence on central nervous system (CNS) function and mental health, including schizophrenia. The gut microbiota, located in the digestive system, has a significant role to play in human physiology, affecting immune system development, vitamin synthesis, and protection against pathogenic bacteria. Disruptions to the gut microbiota, caused by diet, medication use, environmental pollutants, and stress, may lead to imbalances with far-reaching effects on CNS function and mental health. Of interest are short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolic byproducts produced by gut microbes during fermentation. SCFAs can cross the blood-brain barrier, influencing CNS activity, including microglia and cytokine modulation. The dysregulation of neurotransmitters produced by gut microbes may contribute to CNS disorders, including schizophrenia. This review explores the potential relationship between SCFAs, the gut microbiome, and schizophrenia. Our aim is to deepen the understanding of the gut-brain axis in schizophrenia and to elucidate its implications for future research and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhyun Ju
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (S.J.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (S.J.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (S.J.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhui Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (S.J.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (S.J.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (S.J.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Chan KL, Poller WC, Swirski FK, Russo SJ. Central regulation of stress-evoked peripheral immune responses. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:591-604. [PMID: 37626176 PMCID: PMC10848316 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Stress-linked psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and major depressive disorder, are associated with systemic inflammation. Recent studies have reported stress-induced alterations in haematopoiesis that result in monocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia and, consequently, in the upregulation of pro-inflammatory processes in immunologically relevant peripheral tissues. There is now evidence that this peripheral inflammation contributes to the development of psychiatric symptoms as well as to common co-morbidities of psychiatric disorders such as metabolic syndrome and immunosuppression. Here, we review the specific brain and spinal regions, and the neuronal populations within them, that respond to stress and transmit signals to peripheral tissues via the autonomic nervous system or neuroendocrine pathways to influence immunological function. We comprehensively summarize studies that have employed retrograde tracing to define neurocircuits linking the brain to the bone marrow, spleen, gut, adipose tissue and liver. Moreover, we highlight studies that have used chemogenetic or optogenetic manipulation or intracerebroventricular administration of peptide hormones to control somatic immune responses. Collectively, this growing body of literature illustrates potential mechanisms through which stress signals are conveyed from the CNS to immune cells to regulate stress-relevant behaviours and comorbid pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny L Chan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Wolfram C Poller
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Pérez-Fernández M, Suárez-Rojas I, Bai X, Martínez-Martel I, Ciaffaglione V, Pittalà V, Salerno L, Pol O. Novel Heme Oxygenase-1 Inducers Palliate Inflammatory Pain and Emotional Disorders by Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome and Activating the Antioxidant Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1794. [PMID: 37891874 PMCID: PMC10604550 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain caused by persistent inflammation is current in multiple diseases and has a strong negative impact on society. It is commonly associated with several mental illnesses, which can exert a negative influence on pain perception, and needs to be eradicated. Nevertheless, actual therapies are not sufficiently safe and effective. Recent reports demonstrate that the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme produces analgesic effects in animals with osteoarthritis pain and reverses the grip strength loss caused by sciatic nerve crush. In this research, we evaluated the potential use of three new HO-1 inducers, 1m, 1a, and 1b, as well as dimethyl fumarate (DMF), for treating persistent inflammatory pain induced by the subplantar injection of complete Freud's adjuvant and the functional deficits and emotional sickness associated. The modulator role of these treatments on the inflammatory and antioxidant pathways were also assessed. Our findings revealed that repeated treatment, for four days, with 1m, 1a, 1b, or DMF inhibited inflammatory pain, reversed grip strength deficits, and reversed the linked anxious- and depressive-like behaviors, with 1m being the most effective. These treatments also suppressed the up-regulation of the inflammasome NLRP3 and activated the expression of the Nrf2 transcription factor and the HO-1 and superoxide dismutase 1 enzymes in the paw and/or amygdala, thus revealing the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity of these compounds during inflammatory pain. Results suggest the use of 1m, 1a, 1b, and DMF, particularly 1m, as promising therapies for inflammatory pain and the accompanying functional disabilities and emotional diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montse Pérez-Fernández
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Suárez-Rojas
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xue Bai
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Martínez-Martel
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valeria Ciaffaglione
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Olga Pol
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Shan M, Yang Z, Sun Z, Yang Y, Cheng Q, Pan Y. Association between platelet to lymphocyte ratio and depression and symptom severity among adults in the United States: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20127. [PMID: 37809517 PMCID: PMC10559847 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of depression has not yet been fully understood. The association between platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and depression has been investigated in previous studies, however, the results were controversial. The objective of the study was to explore the potential relationship between PLR and depression and symptom severity. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2018. Totally 30,032 adults were analyzed, and 2480 reported depression. Depression and symptom severity were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). PLR was calculated as the ratio of platelets to lymphocytes. Multivariable weighted-logistic regression models and generalized additive model (GAM) were employed to evaluate the linear and nonlinear association between PLR and depression and symptom severity. Results There was a negative association for Q3 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68 to 0.99) when comparing participants for Q1 between 10-PLR and depression after fully adjusting the covariates; however, there was no significant association between 10-PLR and symptom severity. GAM showed that 10-PLR was associated with depression and symptom severity in a nonlinear manner. The inflection points were at 12.15. Subgroup analyses showed nonlinear relationships only in specific subgroups. Conclusions: PLR is associated with depression among adults in the United States. U-shaped nonlinear relationships and threshold effects were observed between 10-PLR and depression and symptom severity. Additionally, inflammatory mechanisms vary in different sociodemographic subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshui Shan
- Department of Psychiatry, The 967th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Dalian, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 967th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Dalian, China
| | - Zhonghua Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The 967th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The 967th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The 904th Hospital of the Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Liu Z, Chen B, Xiang S, Hu S. Self-immolative nanocapsules precisely regulate depressive neuronal microenvironment for synergistic antidepression therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:274. [PMID: 37592281 PMCID: PMC10433581 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacotherapy constitutes the first-line treatment for depression. However, its clinical use is hindered by several limitations, such as time lag, side effects, and narrow therapeutic windows. Nanotechnology can be employed to shorten the onset time by ensuring permeation across the blood brain barrier (BBB) to precisely deliver more therapeutic agents; unfortunately, formidable challenges owing to the intrinsic shortcomings of commercial drugs remain. RESULTS Based on the extraordinary capability of monoamines to regulate the neuronal environment, we engineer a network nanocapsule for delivering serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and catalase (CAT) to the brain parenchyma for synergistic antidepression therapy. The nanoantidepressants are fabricated by the formation of 5-HT polymerization and simultaneous payload CAT, following by surface modifications using human serum albumin and rabies virus glycoprotein. The virus-inspired nanocapsules benefit from the surface-modifying strategies and exhibit pronounced BBB penetration. Once nanocapsules reach the brain parenchyma, the mildly acidic conditions trigger the release of 5-HT from the sacrificial nanocapsule. Releasing 5-HT further positively regulate moods, relieving depressive symptoms. Meanwhile, cargo CAT alleviates neuroinflammation and enhances therapeutic efficacy of 5-HT. CONCLUSION Altogether, the results offer detailed information encouraging the rational designing of nanoantidepressants and highlighting the potential of nanotechnology in mental health disorder therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological, Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Bei Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shijun Xiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological, Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Luarte A, Nardocci G, Chakraborty A, Batiz LF, Pino-Lagos K, Wyneken Ú. Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in stress-associated mood disorders. Does the immune system get astrocytic? Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106833. [PMID: 37348692 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Life stressors can wreak havoc on our health, contributing to mood disorders like major depressive disorder (MDD), a widespread and debilitating condition. Unfortunately, current treatments and diagnostic strategies fall short of addressing these disorders, highlighting the need for new approaches. In this regard, the relationship between MDD, brain inflammation (neuroinflammation), and systemic inflammation in the body may offer novel insights. Recent research has uncovered the crucial role of astrocytes in coordinating the inflammatory response through the release of extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) during different neuroinflammatory conditions. While the contribution of ADEVs to stress and MDD remains largely unexplored, their potential to modulate immune cells and contribute to MDD pathogenesis is significant. In this article, we delve into the immunomodulatory role of ADEVs, their potential impact on peripheral immune cells, and how their microRNA (miRNA) landscape may hold the key to controlling immune cell activity. Together, these mechanisms may constitute an opportunity to develop novel therapeutic pharmacological approaches to tackle mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Luarte
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Program in Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile.
| | - Gino Nardocci
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Program in Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Ankush Chakraborty
- Program in Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Luis Federico Batiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Program in Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Karina Pino-Lagos
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Program in Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Úrsula Wyneken
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; Program in Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CiiB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago 7620001, Chile.
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Yang EJ, Rahim MA, Griggs E, Iban-Arias R, Pasinetti GM. Transient anxiety-and depression-like behaviors are linked to the depletion of Foxp3-expressing cells via inflammasome in the brain. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad251. [PMID: 37614669 PMCID: PMC10443660 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) is a transcription factor that influences functioning of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that modulate peripheral immune response. Treg-mediated innate immunity and Treg-mediated adaptive immunity are receiving considerable attention for their implication in mechanisms associated with anxiety and depression. Here, we demonstrated that depletion of Foxp3-expressing cells causally promotes transient anxiety- and depression-like behaviors associated with inflammasome activation in "depletion of regulatory T cell" (DEREG) mice. We found that restoration of Foxp3-expressing cells causally reverses neurobehavioral changes through alteration of innate immune responses as assessed by caspase-1 activity and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release in the hippocampal formation of DEREG mice. Moreover, we found that depletion of Foxp3-expressing cells induces a significant elevation of granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages in the blood, which are associated with transient expression of the matrix metalloprotease-9. Similarly, we found that depletion of Foxp3-expressing cells in 5xFAD, a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), exhibits elevated activated caspase-1 and promotion of IL-1β secretion and increased the level of amyloid-beta (Aβ)1-42 and Aβ plaque burden in the hippocampal formation that coincided with an acceleration of cognitive decline at a presymptomatic age in the 5xFAD mice. Thus, our study provides evidence supporting the idea that Foxp3 may have a causal influence on peripheral immune responses. This, in turn, can promote an innate immune response within the brain, potentially leading to anxiety- and depression-like behaviors or cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jeong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Md Al Rahim
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elizabeth Griggs
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ruth Iban-Arias
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Giulio Maria Pasinetti
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
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Hong R, Luo L, Wang L, Hu Z, Yin Q, Li M, Gu B, Wang B, Zhuang T, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Wang W, Huang L, Gu B, Qi S. Lepidium meyenii Walp (Maca)-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate depression by promoting 5-HT synthesis via the modulation of gut-brain axis. IMETA 2023; 2:e116. [PMID: 38867934 PMCID: PMC10989901 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a common and debilitating condition for which effective treatments are needed. Lepidium meyenii Walp (Maca) is a plant with potential medicinal effects in treating depression. Recently, there has been growing interest in plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to their low toxicity and ability to transport to human cells. Targeting the gut-brain axis, a novel strategy for depression management, may be achieved through the use of Maca-derived EVs (Maca-EVs). In this study, we successfully isolated Maca-EVs using gradient ultracentrifugation and characterized their shape, size, and markers (CD63 and TSG101). The in vivo imaging showed that the Dil-labeled Maca-EVs crossed the brain-blood barrier and accumulated in the brain. The behavioral tests revealed that Maca-EVs dramatically recovered the depression-like behaviors of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mice. UCMS mice fecal were characterized by an elevated abundance of g_Enterococcus, g_Lactobacillus, and g_Escherichia_Shigella, which were significantly restored by administration of Maca-EVs. The effects of Maca-EVs on the altered microbial and fecal metabolites in UCMS mice were mapped to biotin, pyrimidine, and amino acid (tyrosine, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate) metabolisms, which were closely associated with the serotonin (5-HT) production. Maca-EVs were able to increase serum monoamine neurotransmitter levels in UCMS mice, with 5-HT showing the most significant changes. We further demonstrated that 5-HT improved the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, a key regulator of neuronal plasticity, and its subsequent activation of TrkB/p-AKT signaling by regulating the GTP-Cdc42/ERK pathway. These findings suggest that Maca-EVs enhance 5-HT release, possibly by modulating the gut-brain axis, to improve depression behavior. Our study sheds light on a novel approach to depression treatment using plant-derived EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hong
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Lan Luo
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Liang Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangzhouChina
- School of Medical Informatics and EngineeringXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Zhao‐Li Hu
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease BioinformationXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Qi‐Rong Yin
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Department of Laboratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Ming Li
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Bin Gu
- School of Medical Informatics and EngineeringXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Tao Zhuang
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Xin‐Yue Zhang
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Wan Wang
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Lin‐Yan Huang
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Bing Gu
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Su‐Hua Qi
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
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Zhang H, Liu X, Li B, Zhang Y, Gao H, Zhao X, Leng K, Song Z. Krill oil treatment ameliorates lipid metabolism imbalance in chronic unpredicted mild stress-induced depression-like behavior in mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1180483. [PMID: 37564375 PMCID: PMC10411196 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1180483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathology of depression involves various factors including the interaction between genes and the environment. The deficiency of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in the brain and depressive symptoms are closely related. Krill oil contains abundant amounts of n-3 PUFAs incorporated in phosphatidylcholine. However, the effect of krill oil treatment on depression-like behaviors induced by chronic stress and its molecular mechanism in the brain remain poorly understood. Here, we used a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model to evaluate the effect of krill oil on depression-like behaviors and explored its molecular mechanism through lipid metabolomics and mRNA profiles in the whole brain. We observed that CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors were ameliorated by krill oil supplementation in mice. The metabolism of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids was disrupted by CUMS treatment, which were ameliorated after krill oil supplementation. Further analysis found that differently expressed genes after krill oil supplementation were mainly enriched in the membrane structures and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, which may be responsible for the amelioration of CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors. Altogether, our results uncovered the relationship between lipid metabolism and CUMS, and provided new strategies for the prevention and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianyong Zhao
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Kailiang Leng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenhua Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China
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Fu X, Wang Y, Zhao F, Cui R, Xie W, Liu Q, Yang W. Shared biological mechanisms of depression and obesity: focus on adipokines and lipokines. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:5917-5950. [PMID: 37387537 PMCID: PMC10333059 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Depression and obesity are both common disorders currently affecting public health, frequently occurring simultaneously within individuals, and the relationship between these disorders is bidirectional. The association between obesity and depression is highly co-morbid and tends to significantly exacerbate metabolic and related depressive symptoms. However, the neural mechanism under the mutual control of obesity and depression is largely inscrutable. This review focuses particularly on alterations in systems that may mechanistically explain the in vivo homeostatic regulation of the obesity and depression link, such as immune-inflammatory activation, gut microbiota, neuroplasticity, HPA axis dysregulation as well as neuroendocrine regulators of energy metabolism including adipocytokines and lipokines. In addition, the review summarizes potential and future treatments for obesity and depression and raises several questions that need to be answered in future research. This review will provide a comprehensive description and localization of the biological connection between obesity and depression to better understand the co-morbidity of obesity and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Fangyi Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xie
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
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43
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Chang HX, Dai W, Bao JH, Li JF, Zhang JG, Li YF. Essential role of microglia in the fast antidepressant action of ketamine and hypidone hydrochloride (YL-0919). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1122541. [PMID: 37305539 PMCID: PMC10250639 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Intracerebral microglia play a vital role in mediating central immune response, neuronal repair and synaptic pruning, but its precise role and mechanism in fast action of antidepressants have remained unknown. In this study, we identified that the microglia contributed to the rapid action of antidepressants ketamine and YL-0919. Methods: The depletion of microglia was achieved with the diet containing the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor PLX5622 in mice. The tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT) were employed to evaluate the rapid acting antidepressant behavior of ketamine and YL-0919 in the microglia depletion model. The number of microglia in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was assayed by the immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of synaptic proteins (synapsin-1, PSD-95, GluA1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the PFC were tested by Western blot. Results: The immobility duration in FST and the latency to feed in NSFT were shortened 24 h after an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of ketamine (10 mg/kg). The microglial depletion of PLX3397 blocked the rapid antidepressant-like effect of ketamine in mice. In addition, the immobility time in TST and FST as well as latency to feed in NSFT were reduced 24 h after the intragastric (i.g.) administration of YL-0919 (2.5 mg/kg), and the rapid antidepressant effect of YL-0919 was also blocked by the microglial depletion using PLX5622. About 92% of microglia in the prefrontal cortex was depleted in PLX5622 diet-fed mice, while both ketamine and YL-0919 promoted proliferation on the remaining microglia. YL-0919 significantly increased the protein expressions of synapsin-1, PSD-95, GluA1 and BDNF in the PFC, all of which could be blocked by PLX5622. Conclusion: These results suggested the microglia underlying the rapid antidepressant-like effect of ketamine and YL-0919, and microglia would likely constitute in the rapid enhancing impact of synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex by YL-0919.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratories of Neuropsychopharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Hao Bao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Feng Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Guo Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yun-Feng Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratories of Neuropsychopharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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44
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Fonseca ECM, Ferreira LR, Figueiredo PLB, Maia CDSF, Setzer WN, Da Silva JKR. Antidepressant Effects of Essential Oils: A Review of the Past Decade (2012-2022) and Molecular Docking Study of Their Major Chemical Components. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119244. [PMID: 37298210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a mental disorder that affects more than 300 million people worldwide. The medications available for treatment take a long time to exhibit therapeutic results and present several side effects. Furthermore, there is a decrease in the quality of life of people suffering from this affliction. Essential oils are traditionally used to relieve the symptoms of depression due to the properties of the constituents of these oils to cross the blood-brain barrier acting on depression-related biological receptors associated with reduced toxicity and side effects. In addition, compared to traditional drugs, they have several administration forms. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of studies on plants whose essential oil has exhibit antidepressant activity in the past decade and the mechanism of action of the major components and models tested. An additional in silico study was conducted with the frequent compounds in the composition of these essential oils, providing a molecular approach to the mechanism of action that has been reported in the past decade. This review is valuable for the development of potential antidepressant medications in addition to providing a molecular approach to the antidepressant mechanism of action of the major volatile compounds that have been reported in the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Christie M Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Lanalice R Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Pablo Luis B Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém 66087-662, Brazil
| | - Cristiane do Socorro F Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Joyce Kelly R Da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
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45
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Hassamal S. Chronic stress, neuroinflammation, and depression: an overview of pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging anti-inflammatories. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1130989. [PMID: 37252156 PMCID: PMC10213648 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1130989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In a subset of patients, chronic exposure to stress is an etiological risk factor for neuroinflammation and depression. Neuroinflammation affects up to 27% of patients with MDD and is associated with a more severe, chronic, and treatment-resistant trajectory. Inflammation is not unique to depression and has transdiagnostic effects suggesting a shared etiological risk factor underlying psychopathologies and metabolic disorders. Research supports an association but not necessarily a causation with depression. Putative mechanisms link chronic stress to dysregulation of the HPA axis and immune cell glucocorticoid resistance resulting in hyperactivation of the peripheral immune system. The chronic extracellular release of DAMPs and immune cell DAMP-PRR signaling creates a feed forward loop that accelerates peripheral and central inflammation. Higher plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, most consistently interleukin IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, are correlated with greater depressive symptomatology. Cytokines sensitize the HPA axis, disrupt the negative feedback loop, and further propagate inflammatory reactions. Peripheral inflammation exacerbates central inflammation (neuroinflammation) through several mechanisms including disruption of the blood-brain barrier, immune cellular trafficking, and activation of glial cells. Activated glial cells release cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species into the extra-synaptic space dysregulating neurotransmitter systems, imbalancing the excitatory to inhibitory ratio, and disrupting neural circuitry plasticity and adaptation. In particular, microglial activation and toxicity plays a central role in the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies most consistently show reduced hippocampal volumes. Neural circuitry dysfunction such as hypoactivation between the ventral striatum and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex underlies the melancholic phenotype of depression. Chronic administration of monoamine-based antidepressants counters the inflammatory response, but with a delayed therapeutic onset. Therapeutics targeting cell mediated immunity, generalized and specific inflammatory signaling pathways, and nitro-oxidative stress have enormous potential to advance the treatment landscape. Future clinical trials will need to include immune system perturbations as biomarker outcome measures to facilitate novel antidepressant development. In this overview, we explore the inflammatory correlates of depression and elucidate pathomechanisms to facilitate the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Hassamal
- California University of Sciences and Medicine, Colton, CA, United States
- Clinicaltriallink, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- California Neuropsychiatric Institute, Ontario, CA, United States
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46
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Jing W, Bi C, Fang Z, Qian C, Chen J, Yu J, Tian G, Ye M, Liu Z. Neuropsychiatric sequelae after liver transplantation and their possible mechanism via the microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114855. [PMID: 37163780 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients after liver transplantation are often impacted by mental and even neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, sleep disorders, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Neuropsychiatric sequelae have an adverse impact on rehabilitation and can even incapacitate people, reducing their quality of life. Despite screening tools and effective treatments, neuropsychiatric sequelae after liver transplantation (NSALT) have not been fully diagnosed and treated. Current research suggests that NSALT may be partly related to intestinal microbial variation, but the detailed mechanism remains unclear. In this review, we describe the clinical and diagnostic features, prevalence, prediction, clinical course and outcome, management, and treatment of NSALT; we also summarize their mechanisms through the microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis. Finally, we propose to improve NSALT on the basis of adjusting the gastrointestinal flora, immune inflammation or vagus nerve (VN), providing a novel strategy for clinical prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Jing
- Department of Psychiatry, Shaoxing seventh people's hospital, Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Chenchen Bi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- Department of General Practice, Lizhu Branch, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Qian
- Department of Psychiatry, Shaoxing seventh people's hospital, Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingru Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Guoqiang Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, Shaoxing seventh people's hospital, Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengfei Ye
- Department of Psychiatry, Shaoxing seventh people's hospital, Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China.
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47
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Wang J, Zhou T, Liu F, Huang Y, Xiao Z, Qian Y, Zhou W. Influence of gut microbiota on resilience and its possible mechanisms. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2588-2598. [PMID: 37215996 PMCID: PMC10197883 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.82362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive stress leads to disruptions of the central nervous system. Individuals' responses to stress and trauma differ from person to person. Some may develop various neuropsychiatric disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, and anxiety disorders, while others may successfully adapt to the same stressful events. These two neural phenotypes are called susceptibility and resilience. Previous studies have suggested resilience/susceptibility as a complex, non-specific systemic response involving central and peripheral systems. Emerging research of mechanisms underlying resilience is mostly focussing on the physiological adaptation of specific brain circuits, neurovascular impairment of the blood-brain barrier, the role of innate and adaptive factors of the immune system, and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota. In accordance with the microbiota-gut-brain axis hypothesis, the gut microbiome directly influences the interface between the brain and the periphery to affect neuronal function. This review explored several up-to-date studies on the role of gut microbiota implicated in stressful events-related resilience/susceptibility. We mainly focus on the changes in behavior and neuroimaging characteristics, involved brain regions and circuits, the blood-brain barrier, the immune system, and epigenetic modifications, which contribute to stress-induced resilience and susceptibility. The perspective of the gut-brain axis could help to understand the mechanisms underlying resilience and the discovery of biomarkers may lead to new research directions and therapeutic interventions for stress-induced neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
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48
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Jellinger KA. The heterogeneity of late-life depression and its pathobiology: a brain network dysfunction disorder. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023:10.1007/s00702-023-02648-z. [PMID: 37145167 PMCID: PMC10162005 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02648-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Depression is frequent in older individuals and is often associated with cognitive impairment and increasing risk of subsequent dementia. Late-life depression (LLD) has a negative impact on quality of life, yet the underlying pathobiology is still poorly understood. It is characterized by considerable heterogeneity in clinical manifestation, genetics, brain morphology, and function. Although its diagnosis is based on standard criteria, due to overlap with other age-related pathologies, the relationship between depression and dementia and the relevant structural and functional cerebral lesions are still controversial. LLD has been related to a variety of pathogenic mechanisms associated with the underlying age-related neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular processes. In addition to biochemical abnormalities, involving serotonergic and GABAergic systems, widespread disturbances of cortico-limbic, cortico-subcortical, and other essential brain networks, with disruption in the topological organization of mood- and cognition-related or other global connections are involved. Most recent lesion mapping has identified an altered network architecture with "depressive circuits" and "resilience tracts", thus confirming that depression is a brain network dysfunction disorder. Further pathogenic mechanisms including neuroinflammation, neuroimmune dysregulation, oxidative stress, neurotrophic and other pathogenic factors, such as β-amyloid (and tau) deposition are in discussion. Antidepressant therapies induce various changes in brain structure and function. Better insights into the complex pathobiology of LLD and new biomarkers will allow earlier and better diagnosis of this frequent and disabling psychopathological disorder, and further elucidation of its complex pathobiological basis is warranted in order to provide better prevention and treatment of depression in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Jellinger
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Alberichgasse 5/13, 1150, Vienna, Austria.
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49
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Xu Y, Li W, Shi M, Xu X, Guo D, Liu Z, Chen L, Zhong X, Cao W. Systemic treatment with GnRH agonist produces antidepressant-like effects in LPS induced depression male mouse model. Neuropharmacology 2023; 233:109560. [PMID: 37094770 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is at the head of the neuroendocrine reproductive axis. However, the non-reproductive functions of GnRH expressed in various tissues, including hippocampus, are still not known. Here, we unveil a previously unknown effect of GnRH, which mediates depression-like behaviors through the modulation of microglia function during immune challenge. Specifically, we found that either systemic treatment with GnRH agonist or over-expression of endogenous hippocampal GnRH via viral tool abolished the depression-like behavior after LPS challenges in mice. And the anti-depressant of GnRH was dependent on the hippocampal GnRHR signaling, since antagonizing GnRHR by drug treatment or by hippocampal GnRHR knockdown could block the antidepressant-effect of GnRH agonist. Interestingly, we found that the peripheral GnRH treatment prevented the microglia activation mediated inflammation in the hippocampus of mice. In light of the research findings presented here, we propose that, at least in the hippocampus, GnRH appears to act on GnRHR to regulate higher order non-reproductive functions associated with the microglia mediated neuroinflammation. These findings also provide insights into the function and cross-talk of GnRH, a known neuropeptide hormone, in neuro-immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Mengmeng Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofan Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Dongmin Guo
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenghai Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Wenyu Cao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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50
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Wu JR, Hernandez Y, Miyasaki KF, Kwon EJ. Engineered nanomaterials that exploit blood-brain barrier dysfunction fordelivery to the brain. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114820. [PMID: 37054953 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly regulated physical and functional boundarythat tightly controls the transport of materials between the blood and the brain. There is an increasing recognition that the BBB is dysfunctional in a wide range of neurological disorders; this dysfunction can be symptomatic of the disease but can also play a role in disease etiology. BBB dysfunction can be exploited for the delivery of therapeutic nanomaterials. Forexample, there can be a transient, physical disruption of the BBB in diseases such as brain injury and stroke, which allows temporary access of nanomaterials into the brain. Physicaldisruption of the BBB through external energy sources is now being clinically pursued toincrease therapeutic delivery into the brain. In other diseases, the BBB takes on new properties that can beleveraged by delivery carriers. For instance, neuroinflammation induces the expression ofreceptors on the BBB that can be targeted by ligand-modified nanomaterials and theendogenous homing of immune cells into the diseased brain can be hijacked for the delivery ofnanomaterials. Lastly, BBB transport pathways can be altered to increase nanomaterial transport. In this review, we will describe changes that can occur in the BBB in disease, and how these changes have been exploited by engineered nanomaterials forincreased transport into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yazmin Hernandez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Katelyn F Miyasaki
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ester J Kwon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine.
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