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Kim JW, Manickam R, Sinha P, Xuan W, Huang J, Awad K, Brotto M, Tipparaju SM. P7C3 ameliorates barium chloride-induced skeletal muscle injury activating transcriptomic and epigenetic modulation of myogenic regulatory factors. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38946152 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injury affects the quality of life in many pathologies, including volumetric muscle loss, contusion injury, and aging. We hypothesized that the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) activator P7C3 improves muscle repair following injury. In the present study, we tested the effect of P7C3 (1-anilino-3-(3,6-dibromocarbazol-9-yl) propan-2-ol) on chemically induced muscle injury. Muscle injury was induced by injecting 50 µL 1.2% barium chloride (BaCl2) into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in C57Bl/6J wild-type male mice. Mice were then treated with either 10 mg/kg body weight of P7C3 or Vehicle intraperitoneally for 7 days and assessed for histological, biochemical, and molecular changes. In the present study, we show that the acute BaCl2-induced TA muscle injury was robust and the P7C3-treated mice displayed a significant increase in the total number of myonuclei and blood vessels, and decreased serum CK activity compared with vehicle-treated mice. The specificity of P7C3 was evaluated using Nampt+/- mice, which did not display any significant difference in muscle repair capacity among treated groups. RNA-sequencing analysis of the injured TA muscles displayed 368 and 212 genes to be exclusively expressed in P7C3 and Veh-treated mice, respectively. There was an increase in the expression of genes involved in cellular processes, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and muscle development in P7C3 versus Veh-treated mice. Conversely, there is a decrease in muscle structure and function, myeloid cell differentiation, glutathione, and oxidation-reduction, drug metabolism, and circadian rhythm signaling pathways. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and reverse transcription-qPCR analyses identified increased Pax7, Myf5, MyoD, and Myogenin expression in P7C3-treated mice. Increased histone lysine (H3K) methylation and acetylation were observed in P7C3-treated mice, with significant upregulation in inflammatory markers. Moreover, P7C3 treatment significantly increased the myotube fusion index in the BaCl2-injured human skeletal muscle in vitro. P7C3 also inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and mitochondrial membrane potential of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Overall, we demonstrate that P7C3 activates muscle stem cells and enhances muscle injury repair with increased angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joung W Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ravikumar Manickam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Puja Sinha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Wanling Xuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Kamal Awad
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Marco Brotto
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Srinivas M Tipparaju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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2
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Zhao N, Xu B, Xia J, Wang J, Zhang X, Yan Q. Effect of alternating nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase expression levels on mitophagy in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167288. [PMID: 38862096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
AD is the abbreviation for Alzheimer's Disease, which is a neurodegenerative disorder that features progressive dysfunction in cognition. Previous research has reported that mitophagy impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction have been crucial factors in the AD's pathogenesis. More recently, literature has emerged which offers findings suggesting that the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (short for NAD+) augmentation eliminates the defective mitochondria and restores mitophagy. Meanwhile, as an enzyme which is rate-limiting, the Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, or NAMPT, is part of the salvage pathway of NAD+ synthesis. Therefore, the aim of the research project has been to produce proof for how the NAMPT-NAD +-silent information-regulated transcription factors1/3 (short for SIRT1/3) axis function in mediating mitophagy in APP/PS1 mice aged six months. The results revealed that the NAMPT-NAD+-SIRT1/3 axis in the APP/PS1 mice's hippocampus was considerably declined. Surprisingly, P7C3 (an NAMPT activator) noticeably promoted the NAD+-SIRT1/3 axis, improved mitochondrial structure and function, enhanced mitophagy activity along with the ability of learning and memory. While FK866 (an NAMPT inhibitor) reversed the decreased NAD+-SIRT1/3 axis, and even exacerbated Aβ plaque deposition level in the APP/PS1 mice's hippocampus. The findings observed in this study indicate two main points: avoiding downregulation of the NAMPT activity can prevent AD-related mitophagy impairment; on the other hand, NAMPT characterizes a potential therapeutic intervention regarding AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, China.
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Xianliang Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingwei Yan
- School of Physical Education, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shanxi, China
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3
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Pomreinke AP, Müller P. Zebrafish nampt-a mutants are viable despite perturbed primitive hematopoiesis. Hereditas 2024; 161:14. [PMID: 38685093 PMCID: PMC11057069 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-024-00318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) is required for recycling NAD+ in numerous cellular contexts. Morpholino-based knockdown of zebrafish nampt-a has been shown to cause abnormal development and defective hematopoiesis concomitant with decreased NAD+ levels. However, surprisingly, nampt-a mutant zebrafish were recently found to be viable, suggesting a discrepancy between the phenotypes in knockdown and knockout conditions. Here, we address this discrepancy by directly comparing loss-of-function approaches that result in identical defective transcripts in morphants and mutants. RESULTS Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis, we generated nampt-a mutant lines that carry the same mis-spliced mRNA as nampt-a morphants. Despite reduced NAD+ levels and perturbed expression of specific blood markers, nampt-a mutants did not display obvious developmental defects and were found to be viable. In contrast, injection of nampt-a morpholinos into wild-type or mutant nampt-a embryos caused aberrant phenotypes. Moreover, nampt-a morpholinos caused additional reduction of blood-related markers in nampt-a mutants, suggesting that the defects observed in nampt-a morphants can be partially attributed to off-target effects of the morpholinos. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that zebrafish nampt-a mutants are viable despite reduced NAD+ levels and a perturbed hematopoietic gene expression program, indicating strong robustness of primitive hematopoiesis during early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Autumn Penecilla Pomreinke
- Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, Tübingen, Germany
- University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Patrick Müller
- Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, Tübingen, Germany.
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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4
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Yagita K, Honda H, Ohara T, Koyama S, Noguchi H, Oda Y, Yamasaki R, Isobe N, Ninomiya T. Association between hypothalamic Alzheimer's disease pathology and body mass index: The Hisayama study. Neuropathology 2024. [PMID: 38566440 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The hypothalamus is the region of the brain that integrates the neuroendocrine system and whole-body metabolism. Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been reported to exhibit pathological changes in the hypothalamus, such as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and amyloid plaques (APs). However, few studies have investigated whether hypothalamic AD pathology is associated with clinical factors. We investigated the association between AD-related pathological changes in the hypothalamus and clinical pictures using autopsied brain samples obtained from deceased residents of a Japanese community. A total of 85 autopsied brain samples were semi-quantitatively analyzed for AD pathology, including NFTs and APs. Our histopathological studies showed that several hypothalamic nuclei, such as the tuberomammillary nucleus (TBM) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), are vulnerable to AD pathologies. NFTs are observed in various neuropathological states, including normal cognitive cases, whereas APs are predominantly observed in AD. Regarding the association between hypothalamic AD pathologies and clinical factors, the degree of APs in the TBM and LHA was associated with a lower body mass index while alive, after adjusting for sex and age at death. However, we found no significant association between hypothalamic AD pathology and the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia. Our study showed that a lower BMI, which is a poor prognostic factor of AD, might be associated with hypothalamic AP pathology and highlighted new insights regarding the disruption of the brain-whole body axis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Yagita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Neuropathology Center, National Hospital Organization, Omuta National Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sachiko Koyama
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideko Noguchi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamasaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noriko Isobe
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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5
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Dauchy RT, Hanifin JP, Brainard GC, Blask DE. Light: An Extrinsic Factor Influencing Animal-based Research. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2024; 63:116-147. [PMID: 38211974 PMCID: PMC11022951 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-23-000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Light is an environmental factor that is extrinsic to animals themselves and that exerts a profound influence on the regulation of circadian, neurohormonal, metabolic, and neurobehavioral systems of all animals, including research animals. These widespread biologic effects of light are mediated by distinct photoreceptors-rods and cones that comprise the conventional visual system and melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) of the nonvisual system that interact with the rods and cones. The rods and cones of the visual system, along with the ipRGCs of the nonvisual system, are species distinct in terms of opsins and opsin concentrations and interact with one another to provide vision and regulate circadian rhythms of neurohormonal and neurobehavioral responses to light. Here, we review a brief history of lighting technologies, the nature of light and circadian rhythms, our present understanding of mammalian photoreception, and current industry practices and standards. We also consider the implications of light for vivarium measurement, production, and technological application and provide simple recommendations on artificial lighting for use by regulatory authorities, lighting manufacturers, designers, engineers, researchers, and research animal care staff that ensure best practices for optimizing animal health and well-being and, ultimately, improving scientific outcomes.
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Key Words
- blad, blue-enriched led light at daytime
- clock, circadian locomotor output kaput
- cct, correlated color temperature
- cwf, cool white fluorescent
- ign, intergeniculate nucleus
- iprgc, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell
- hiomt, hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase
- k, kelvin temperature
- lan, light at night
- led, light-emitting diode
- lgn, lateral geniculate nucleus
- plr, pupillary light reflex
- pot, primary optic tract
- rht, retinohypothalamic tract
- scn, suprachiasmatic nuclei
- spd, spectral power distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Dauchy
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Chrono-Neuroendocrine Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana;,
| | - John P Hanifin
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - George C Brainard
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David E Blask
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Chrono-Neuroendocrine Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
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6
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Gordon-Blake J, Ratia K, Weidig V, Velma GR, Ackerman-Berrier M, Penton C, Musku SR, Alves ET, Driver T, Tai L, Thatcher GRJ. Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Positive Allosteric Modulators Attenuate Neuronal Oxidative Stress. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:205-214. [PMID: 38352833 PMCID: PMC10860701 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence supports boosting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to counteract oxidative stress in aging and neurodegenerative disease. One approach is to enhance the activity of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). Novel NAMPT positive allosteric modulators (N-PAMs) were identified. A cocrystal structure confirmed N-PAM binding to the NAMPT rear channel. Early hit-to-lead efforts led to a 1.88-fold maximum increase in the level of NAD+ in human THP-1 cells. Select N-PAMs were assessed for mitigation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HT-22 neuronal cells subject to inflammatory stress using tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). N-PAMs that increased NAD+ more effectively in THP-1 cells attenuated TNFα-induced ROS more effectively in HT-22 cells. The most efficacious N-PAM completely attenuated ROS elevation in glutamate-stressed HT-22 cells, a model of neuronal excitotoxicity. This work demonstrates for the first time that N-PAMs are capable of mitigating elevated ROS in neurons stressed with TNFα and glutamate and provides support for further N-PAM optimization for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Gordon-Blake
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Resources Center, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of
Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Kiira Ratia
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Resources Center, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of
Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Victoria Weidig
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Resources Center, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of
Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ganga Reddy Velma
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Martha Ackerman-Berrier
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Christopher Penton
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Soumya Reddy Musku
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Erick T.M. Alves
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Tom Driver
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Resources Center, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of
Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Leon Tai
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Resources Center, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of
Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Gregory R. J. Thatcher
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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7
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Tokizane K, Brace CS, Imai SI. DMH Ppp1r17 neurons regulate aging and lifespan in mice through hypothalamic-adipose inter-tissue communication. Cell Metab 2024; 36:377-392.e11. [PMID: 38194970 PMCID: PMC10922643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the hypothalamus functions as a control center of aging in mammals that counteracts age-associated physiological decline through inter-tissue communications. We have identified a key neuronal subpopulation in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), marked by Ppp1r17 expression (DMHPpp1r17 neurons), that regulates aging and longevity in mice. DMHPpp1r17 neurons regulate physical activity and WAT function, including the secretion of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT), through sympathetic nervous stimulation. Within DMHPpp1r17 neurons, the phosphorylation and subsequent nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation of Ppp1r17, regulated by cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG; Prkg1), affect gene expression regulating synaptic function, causing synaptic transmission dysfunction and impaired WAT function. Both DMH-specific Prkg1 knockdown, which suppresses age-associated Ppp1r17 translocation, and the chemogenetic activation of DMHPpp1r17 neurons significantly ameliorate age-associated dysfunction in WAT, increase physical activity, and extend lifespan. Thus, these findings clearly demonstrate the importance of the inter-tissue communication between the hypothalamus and WAT in mammalian aging and longevity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Tokizane
- Departments of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cynthia S Brace
- Departments of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shin-Ichiro Imai
- Departments of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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8
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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9
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Unno J, Mills KF, Ogura T, Nishimura M, Imai SI. Absolute quantification of nicotinamide mononucleotide in biological samples by double isotope-mediated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (dimeLC-MS/MS). NPJ AGING 2024; 10:2. [PMID: 38167419 PMCID: PMC10762063 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential metabolite for fundamental biological phenomena, including aging. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a key NAD+ intermediate that has been extensively tested as an effective NAD+-boosting compound in mice and humans. However, the accurate measurement of NMN in biological samples has long been a challenge in the field. Here, we have established an accurate, quantitative methodology for measuring NMN by using liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with double isotopic NMN standards. In this new methodology, the matrix effects of biological samples were properly adjusted, and the fate of NMN could be traced during sample processing. We have demonstrated that this methodology can accurately quantitate NMN levels in mouse plasma and confirmed quick, direct NMN uptake into blood circulation and cells. This double isotope-mediated LC-MS/MS (dimeLC-MS/MS) can easily be expanded to other NAD+-related metabolites as a reliable standard methodology for NAD+ biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Unno
- Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kathryn F Mills
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tairo Ogura
- Innovation Center, Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc., Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Masayuki Nishimura
- New Strategy Department, Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc., Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Shin-Ichiro Imai
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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10
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Iwatani Y, Hayashi H, Yamamoto H, Minamikawa H, Ichikawa M, Orikawa H, Masuda A, Tada N, Moriyama Y, Takagi N. Pathogenic role of NAMPT in the perivascular regions after ischemic stroke in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exp Neurol 2024; 371:114584. [PMID: 37884188 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke in patients with abnormal glucose tolerance results in poor outcomes. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), an adipocytokine, exerts neuroprotective effects. However, the pathophysiological role of NAMPT after ischemic stroke with diabetes and the relationship of NAMPT with cerebrovascular lesions are unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the pathophysiological role of NAMPT in cerebral ischemia with diabetes, using db/db mice as a type 2 diabetes animal model. The number of degenerating neurons increased after middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) in db/db mice compared with the degenerating neurons in db/+ mice. Extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT) levels, especially monomeric eNAMPT, increased significantly in db/db MCAO/R mice but not db/+ mice in isolated brain microvessels. The increased eNAMPT levels were associated with increased expression of inflammatory cytokine mRNA. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that NAMPT colocalized with GFAP-positive cells after MCAO/R. In addition, both dimeric and monomeric eNAMPT levels increased in the conditioned medium of primary cortical astrocytes under high glucose conditions subsequent oxygen/glucose deprivation. Our findings are the first to demonstrate the ability of increased monomeric eNAMPT to induce inflammatory responses in brain microvessels, which may be located near astrocyte foot processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Iwatani
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Haruna Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hayato Minamikawa
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mitsuki Ichikawa
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hayato Orikawa
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Aya Masuda
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Natsumi Tada
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Moriyama
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Norio Takagi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
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11
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Nishida Y, Berg PC, Shakersain B, Hecht K, Takikawa A, Tao R, Kakuta Y, Uragami C, Hashimoto H, Misawa N, Maoka T. Astaxanthin: Past, Present, and Future. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:514. [PMID: 37888449 PMCID: PMC10608541 DOI: 10.3390/md21100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AX), a lipid-soluble pigment belonging to the xanthophyll carotenoids family, has recently garnered significant attention due to its unique physical properties, biochemical attributes, and physiological effects. Originally recognized primarily for its role in imparting the characteristic red-pink color to various organisms, AX is currently experiencing a surge in interest and research. The growing body of literature in this field predominantly focuses on AXs distinctive bioactivities and properties. However, the potential of algae-derived AX as a solution to various global environmental and societal challenges that threaten life on our planet has not received extensive attention. Furthermore, the historical context and the role of AX in nature, as well as its significance in diverse cultures and traditional health practices, have not been comprehensively explored in previous works. This review article embarks on a comprehensive journey through the history leading up to the present, offering insights into the discovery of AX, its chemical and physical attributes, distribution in organisms, and biosynthesis. Additionally, it delves into the intricate realm of health benefits, biofunctional characteristics, and the current market status of AX. By encompassing these multifaceted aspects, this review aims to provide readers with a more profound understanding and a robust foundation for future scientific endeavors directed at addressing societal needs for sustainable nutritional and medicinal solutions. An updated summary of AXs health benefits, its present market status, and potential future applications are also included for a well-rounded perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Nishida
- Fuji Chemical Industries, Co., Ltd., 55 Yokohoonji, Kamiich-machi, Nakaniikawa-gun, Toyama 930-0405, Japan
| | | | - Behnaz Shakersain
- AstaReal AB, Signum, Forumvägen 14, Level 16, 131 53 Nacka, Sweden; (P.C.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Karen Hecht
- AstaReal, Inc., 3 Terri Lane, Unit 12, Burlington, NJ 08016, USA;
| | - Akiko Takikawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Ruohan Tao
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Yumeka Kakuta
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Chiasa Uragami
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Hideki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Suematsu, Nonoichi-shi 921-8836, Japan;
| | - Takashi Maoka
- Research Institute for Production Development, 15 Shimogamo-morimoto-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0805, Japan
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12
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Peters JP, Brahms A, Janicaud V, Anikeeva M, Peschke E, Ellermann F, Ferrari A, Hellmold D, Held-Feindt J, Kim NM, Meiser J, Aden K, Herges R, Hövener JB, Pravdivtsev AN. Nitrogen-15 dynamic nuclear polarization of nicotinamide derivatives in biocompatible solutions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd3643. [PMID: 37611105 PMCID: PMC10446501 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add3643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) increases the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging by more than 10,000 times, enabling in vivo metabolic imaging to be performed noninvasively in real time. Here, we are developing a group of dDNP polarized tracers based on nicotinamide (NAM). We synthesized 1-15N-NAM and 1-15N nicotinic acid and hyperpolarized them with dDNP, reaching (13.0 ± 1.9)% 15N polarization. We found that the lifetime of hyperpolarized 1-15N-NAM is strongly field- and pH-dependent, with T1 being as long as 41 s at a pH of 12 and 1 T while as short as a few seconds at neutral pH and fields below 1 T. The remarkably short 1-15N lifetime at low magnetic fields and neutral pH drove us to establish a unique pH neutralization procedure. Using 15N dDNP and an inexpensive rodent imaging probe designed in-house, we acquired a 15N MRI of 1-15N-NAM (previously hyperpolarized for more than an hour) in less than 1 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh P. Peters
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Arne Brahms
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn Platz 4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Vivian Janicaud
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Maria Anikeeva
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Peschke
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Frowin Ellermann
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Arianna Ferrari
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Dana Hellmold
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, House D, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Janka Held-Feindt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, House D, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Na-mi Kim
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Meiser
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6A Rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, 1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Konrad Aden
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn Platz 4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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13
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Higgins CB, Adams JA, Ward MH, Greenberg ZJ, Milewska M, Sun J, Zhang Y, Chiquetto Paracatu L, Dong Q, Ballentine S, Li W, Wandzik I, Schuettpelz LG, DeBosch BJ. The tetraspanin transmembrane protein CD53 mediates dyslipidemia and integrates inflammatory and metabolic signaling in hepatocytes. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102835. [PMID: 36581203 PMCID: PMC9900517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins are transmembrane signaling and proinflammatory proteins. Prior work demonstrates that the tetraspanin, CD53/TSPAN25/MOX44, mediates B-cell development and lymphocyte migration to lymph nodes and is implicated in various inflammatory diseases. However, CD53 is also expressed in highly metabolic tissues, including adipose and liver; yet its function outside the lymphoid compartment is not defined. Here, we show that CD53 demarcates the nutritional and inflammatory status of hepatocytes. High-fat exposure and inflammatory stimuli induced CD53 in vivo in liver and isolated primary hepatocytes. In contrast, restricting hepatocyte glucose flux through hepatocyte glucose transporter 8 deletion or through trehalose treatment blocked CD53 induction in fat- and fructose-exposed contexts. Furthermore, germline CD53 deletion in vivo blocked Western diet-induced dyslipidemia and hepatic inflammatory transcriptomic activation. Surprisingly, metabolic protection in CD53 KO mice was more pronounced in the presence of an inciting inflammatory event. CD53 deletion attenuated tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced and fatty acid + lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine gene expression and hepatocyte triglyceride accumulation in isolated murine hepatocytes. In vivo, CD53 deletion in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis diet-fed mice blocked peripheral adipose accumulation and adipose inflammation, insulin tolerance, and liver lipid accumulation. We then defined a stabilized and trehalase-resistant trehalose polymer that blocks hepatocyte CD53 expression in basal and over-fed contexts. The data suggest that CD53 integrates inflammatory and metabolic signals in response to hepatocyte nutritional status and that CD53 blockade may provide a means by which to attenuate pathophysiology in diseases that integrate overnutrition and inflammation, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra B Higgins
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Joshua A Adams
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew H Ward
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zev J Greenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Małgorzata Milewska
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland; Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jiameng Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Qian Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Samuel Ballentine
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Weikai Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ilona Wandzik
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland; Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Laura G Schuettpelz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Brian J DeBosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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14
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Johnson S, Yoshioka K, Brace CS, Imai SI. Quantification of localized NAD + changes reveals unique specificity of NAD + regulation in the hypothalamus. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:1. [PMID: 36697402 PMCID: PMC9876928 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, it has become a consensus that systemic decreases in NAD+ are a critical trigger for age-associated functional decline in multiple tissues and organs. The hypothalamus, which contains several functionally distinct subregions called nuclei, functions as a high-order control center of aging in mammals. However, due to a technical difficulty, how NAD+ levels change locally in each hypothalamic nucleus during aging remains uninvestigated. We were able to establish a new combinatorial methodology, using laser-captured microdissection (LCM) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), to accurately measure NAD+ levels in small tissue samples. We applied this methodology to examine local NAD+ changes in hypothalamic nuclei and found that NAD+ levels were decreased significantly in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), and lateral hypothalamus (LH), but not in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) of 22-month-old mice, compared to those of 3-month-old mice. The administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) significantly increased NAD+ levels in all these hypothalamic nuclei. Interestingly, the administration of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase-containing extracellular vesicles (eNampt-EVs) purified from young mice increased NAD+ levels in the ARC and DMH. These results reveal the unique specificity of NAD+ regulation in the hypothalamus during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Johnson
- Department of Gerontology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Cynthia S Brace
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Shin-Ichiro Imai
- Department of Gerontology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan.
- Institute for Research on Productive Aging (IRPA), Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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15
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Dauchy RT, Blask DE. Vivarium Lighting as an Important Extrinsic Factor Influencing Animal-based Research. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2023; 62:3-25. [PMID: 36755210 PMCID: PMC9936857 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-23-000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Light is an extrinsic factor that exerts widespread influence on the regulation of circadian, physiologic, hormonal, metabolic, and behavioral systems of all animals, including those used in research. These wide-ranging biologic effects of light are mediated by distinct photoreceptors, the melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells of the nonvisual system, which interact with the rods and cones of the conventional visual system. Here, we review the nature of light and circadian rhythms, current industry practices and standards, and our present understanding of the neurophysiology of the visual and nonvisual systems. We also consider the implications of this extrinsic factor for vivarium measurement, production, and technological application of light, and provide simple recommendations on artificial lighting for use by regulatory authorities, lighting manufacturers, designers, engineers, researchers, and research animal care staff that ensure best practices for optimizing animal health and wellbeing and, ultimately, improving scientific outcomes.
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Key Words
- blad, blue-enriched led light at daytime
- clock, circadian locomotor output kaput
- cct, correlated color temperature
- cwf, cool white fluorescent
- iprgc, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell
- hiomt, hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase
- lan, light at night
- led, light-emitting diode
- plr, pupillary light reflex
- scn, suprachiasmatic nuclei
- spd, spectral power distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Dauchy
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Chrono-Neuroendocrine Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - David E Blask
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Chrono-Neuroendocrine Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
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16
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Oka SI, Titus AS, Zablocki D, Sadoshima J. Molecular properties and regulation of NAD + kinase (NADK). Redox Biol 2022; 59:102561. [PMID: 36512915 PMCID: PMC9763689 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) kinase (NADK) phosphorylates NAD+, thereby producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). Both NADK genes and the NADP(H)-producing mechanism are evolutionarily conserved among archaea, bacteria, plants and mammals. In mammals, NADK is activated by phosphorylation and protein-protein interaction. Recent studies conducted using genetically altered models validate the essential role of NADK in cellular redox homeostasis and metabolism in multicellular organisms. Here, we describe the evolutionary conservation, molecular properties, and signaling mechanisms and discuss the pathophysiological significance of NADK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA.
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17
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Gupta M, Wong M, Jawed K, Gedeon K, Barrett H, Bassalo M, Morrison C, Eqbal D, Yazdani SS, Gill RT, Huang J, Douaisi M, Dordick J, Belfort G, Koffas MA. Isobutanol production by combined in vivo and in vitro metabolic engineering. Metab Eng Commun 2022; 15:e00210. [PMID: 36325486 PMCID: PMC9619177 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2022.e00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of the biofuel, isobutanol, in E. coli faces limitations due to alcohol toxicity, product inhibition, product recovery, and long-term industrial feasibility. Here we demonstrate an approach of combining both in vivo with in vitro metabolic engineering to produce isobutanol. The in vivo production of α-ketoisovalerate (KIV) was conducted through CRISPR mediated integration of the KIV pathway in bicistronic design (BCD) in E. coli and inhibition of competitive valine pathway using CRISPRi technology. The subsequent in vitro conversion to isobutanol was carried out with engineered enzymes for 2-ketoacid decarboxylase (KIVD) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). For the in vivo production of KIV and subsequent in vitro production of isobutanol, this two-step serial approach resulted in yields of 56% and 93%, productivities of 0.62 and 0.074 g L-1 h-1, and titers of 5.6 and 1.78 g L-1, respectively. Thus, this combined biosynthetic system can be used as a modular approach for producing important metabolites, like isobutanol, without the limitations associated with in vivo production using a consolidated bioprocess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Gupta
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA,Department of Botany and Environmental Studies, DAV University, Jalandhar, 144 001, Punjab, India
| | - Matthew Wong
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Kamran Jawed
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA,DBT-ICGEB Advanced Bioenergy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Kamil Gedeon
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Hannah Barrett
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Marcelo Bassalo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Clifford Morrison
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Danish Eqbal
- DBT-ICGEB Advanced Bioenergy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Syed Shams Yazdani
- DBT-ICGEB Advanced Bioenergy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ryan T. Gill
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Marc Douaisi
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Jonathan Dordick
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Georges Belfort
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Mattheos A.G. Koffas
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA,Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA,Corresponding author. Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
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18
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Fujii M, Setoyama D, Gotoh K, Dozono Y, Yagi M, Ikeda M, Ide T, Uchiumi T, Kang D. TFAM expression in brown adipocytes confers obesity resistance by secreting extracellular vesicles that promote self-activation. iScience 2022; 25:104889. [PMID: 36046191 PMCID: PMC9421388 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of diet-induced obesity has been increasing worldwide and has become a major health concern. Mitochondria are densely distributed in brown adipose tissue and are involved in lipid consumption. Therefore, increasing energy expenditure through the activation of brown adipocytes may be a potential therapy for obesity. Our findings showed that mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) homozygous transgenic (TgTg) mice had highly activated brown adipocytes and increased expression of oxidative phosphorylation, leading to resistance to obesity. Transplantation models of TFAM-expressing brown adipocytes could mimic the phenotype of TFAM TgTg mice, and proving their anti-obesity effect. We found that brown adipocytes secrete exosomes which enable self-activation in an autocrine and paracrine manner. The secretion was enhanced in TFAM TgTg brown adipocytes, resulting in a higher activation. These findings may lead to a promising treatment strategy for obesity through selective stimulation of exosome secretion. Human TFAM overexpression in BAT promotes strong anti-obesity effects Increasing mitochondrial function in hTFAM TgTg mice facilitates EVs secretion Enhanced EV released in TgTg brown adipocytes induce self-differentiation/activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Fujii
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Prefectural Social Insurance Medical Association, Inatsuki Hospital, Kama 820-0207, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Corresponding author
| | - Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Gotoh
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yushi Dozono
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mikako Yagi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masataka Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uchiumi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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19
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Nicotinamide mononucleotide ameliorates adriamycin-induced renal damage by epigenetically suppressing the NMN/NAD consumers mediated by Twist2. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13712. [PMID: 35962139 PMCID: PMC9374671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, Sirt1, after the administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) suppresses many diseases. However, the role of NMN and Sirt1 in focal glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to assess the protective effect of NMN treatment in mice with adriamycin (ADR)-induced FSGS. Transient short-term NMN treatment was administered to 8-week-old ADR- or saline-treated BALB/c mice (Cont group) for 14 consecutive days. NMN alleviated the increase in urinary albumin excretion in the ADR-treated mice. NMN treatment mitigated glomerulosclerosis and ameliorated the reduced Sirt1 expression and elevated Claudin-1 expression in the kidneys of the mice. Moreover, this treatment improved the decrease in histone methylation and the expression level of Dnmt1 and increased the concentration of NAD+ in the kidney. Dnmt1 epigenetically suppressed the expression of the NMN-consuming enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenyltransferase1 (Nmnat1) by methylating the E-box in the promoter region and repressing the NAD-consuming enzyme PARP1. Additionally, NMN downregulated the expression of Nmnat1 in the ADR-treated mice. Short-term NMN treatment in FSGS has epigenetic renal protective effects through the upregulation of Sirt1 and suppression of the NAD and NMN consumers. The present study presents a novel treatment paradigm for FSGS.
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20
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Wang Y, Dong C, Han Y, Gu Z, Sun C. Immunosenescence, aging and successful aging. Front Immunol 2022; 13:942796. [PMID: 35983061 PMCID: PMC9379926 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.942796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging induces a series of immune related changes, which is called immunosenescence, playing important roles in many age-related diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). However, the mechanism of immunosenescence, the association with aging and successful aging, and the effects on diseases are not revealed obviously. In order to provide theoretical basis for preventing or controlling diseases effectively and achieve successful aging, we conducted the review and found that changes of aging-related phenotypes, deterioration of immune organ function and alterations of immune cell subsets participated in the process of immunosenescence, which had great effects on the occurrence and development of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yudian Han
- Information Center, The First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Zhifeng Gu, ; Chi Sun,
| | - Chi Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Zhifeng Gu, ; Chi Sun,
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21
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Novak Kujundžić R. COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084309. [PMID: 35457123 PMCID: PMC9032523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and ensuing inflammation pose a huge challenge to the host’s nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism. Humans depend on vitamin B3 for biosynthesis of NAD+, indispensable for many metabolic and NAD+-consuming signaling reactions. The balance between its utilization and resynthesis is vitally important. Many extra-pulmonary symptoms of COVID-19 strikingly resemble those of pellagra, vitamin B3 deficiency (e.g., diarrhoea, dermatitis, oral cavity and tongue manifestations, loss of smell and taste, mental confusion). In most developed countries, pellagra is successfully eradicated by vitamin B3 fortification programs. Thus, conceivably, it has not been suspected as a cause of COVID-19 symptoms. Here, the deregulation of the NAD+ metabolism in response to the SARS-CoV-2 infection is reviewed, with special emphasis on the differences in the NAD+ biosynthetic pathway’s efficiency in conditions predisposing for the development of serious COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced NAD+ depletion and the elevated levels of its metabolites contribute to the development of a systemic disease. Acute liberation of nicotinamide (NAM) in antiviral NAD+-consuming reactions potentiates “NAM drain”, cooperatively mediated by nicotinamide N-methyltransferase and aldehyde oxidase. “NAM drain” compromises the NAD+ salvage pathway’s fail-safe function. The robustness of the host’s NAD+ salvage pathway, prior to the SARS-CoV-2 infection, is an important determinant of COVID-19 severity and persistence of certain symptoms upon resolution of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Novak Kujundžić
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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22
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Gasparrini M, Audrito V. NAMPT: A critical driver and therapeutic target for cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 145:106189. [PMID: 35219878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) possesses a vital role in mammalian cells due to its activity as a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from nicotinamide. NAD is an essential redox cofactor, but it also functions as a substrate for NAD-consuming enzymes, regulating multiple cellular processes such as DNA repair and gene expression, fundamental to sustain tumor growth and survival and energetic needs. A common strategy that several tumor types adopt to sustain NAD synthesis is to over-express NAMPT. However, beside its intracellular functions, this enzyme has a second life outside of cells exerting cytokine-like functions and mediating pro-inflammatory conditions activating signaling pathways. While the effects of NAMPT/NAD axis on energetic metabolism in tumors has been well-established, increasing evidence demonstrated the impact of NAMPT over-expression (intra-/extra-cellular) on several tumor cellular processes, including DNA repair, gene expression, signaling pathways, proliferation, invasion, stemness, phenotype plasticity, metastatization, angiogenesis, immune regulation, and drug resistance. For all these reasons, NAMPT targeting has emerged as promising anti-cancer strategy to deplete NAD and impair cellular metabolism, but also to counteract the other NAMPT-related functions. In this review, we summarize the key role of NAMPT in multiple biological processes implicated in cancer biology and the impact of NAMPT inhibition as therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Audrito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences & Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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23
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Shi Q, Xu L, Zeng X. Sirtuin 1 participates in intervertebral disc degeneration via the nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/sirtuin 1 pathway responsible for regulating autophagy of nucleus pulposus cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:267. [PMID: 35251333 PMCID: PMC8892612 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyi Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
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24
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Omura T, Araki A. Skeletal muscle as a treatment target for older adults with diabetes mellitus: The importance of a multimodal intervention based on functional category. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:110-120. [PMID: 34986525 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the lifespan of people with diabetes has increased in many countries, the age-related increase in comorbidities (sarcopenia, frailty and disabilities) and diabetic complications has become a major issue. Diabetes accelerates the aging of skeletal muscles and blood vessels through mechanisms, such as increased oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, genetic polymorphism (fat mass and obesity-associated genes) and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products. Diabetes is associated with early onset, and progression of muscle weakness and sarcopenia, thus resulting in diminished daily life function. The type and duration of diabetes, insulin section/resistance, hyperglycemia, diabetic neuropathy, malnutrition and low physical activity might affect muscular loss and weakness. To prevent the decline in daily activities in older adults with diabetes, resistance training or multicomponent exercise should be recommended. To maintain muscle function, optimal energy and sufficient protein intake are necessary. Although no specific drug enhances muscle mass and function, antidiabetic drugs that increase insulin sensitivity or secretion could be candidates for improvement of sarcopenia. The goals of glycemic control for older patients are determined based on three functional categories through an assessment of cognitive function and activities of daily living, and the presence or absence of medications that pose a hypoglycemic risk. As these functional categories are associated with muscle weakness, frailty and mortality risk, providing multimodal interventions (exercise, nutrition, social network or support and optimal medical treatment) is important, starting at the category II stage for maintenance or improvement in daily life functions. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Omura
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Araki
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Curry A, White D, Cen Y. Small Molecule Regulators Targeting NAD + Biosynthetic Enzymes. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:1718-1738. [PMID: 34060996 PMCID: PMC8630097 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210531144629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a key player in many metabolic pathways as an activated carrier of electrons. In addition to being the cofactor for redox reactions, NAD+ also serves as the substrate for various enzymatic transformations such as adenylation and ADP-ribosylation. Maintaining cellular NAD+ homeostasis has been suggested as an effective anti-aging strategy. Given the importance of NAD+ in regulating a broad spectrum of cellular events, small molecules targeting NAD+ metabolism have been pursued as therapeutic interventions for the treatment of mitochondrial disorders and agerelated diseases. In this article, small molecule regulators of NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes will be reviewed. The focus will be given to the discovery and development of these molecules, the mechanism of action as well as their therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Curry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Dawanna White
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Yana Cen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA;,Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA,Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA; Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA; Tel: 804-828-7405;
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26
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Turner J, Licollari A, Mihalcea E, Tan A. Safety Evaluation for Restorin® NMN, a NAD+ Precursor. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:749727. [PMID: 34867355 PMCID: PMC8632654 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.749727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD+ is an abundant molecule in the body and vital to all living cells. NAD+ levels decline with age, and this decline correlates with age-related diseases. Therefore, sustaining NAD+ levels offers potential benefits to healthspan and longevity. Here we conducted toxicity studies to evaluate the safety of Restorin® NMN, a high purity form of the direct NAD+ precursor, β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). Based on the preliminary toxicity study and a 14-days repeated dose toxicity study at a higher dose level exposure, Restorin® NMN was administered orally to Sprague-Dawley rats for 91 days followed by a 14-days recovery period. The oral doses of 500, 1,000, and 2000 mg/kg/day were compared. There were no test item-related findings that could be considered adverse events in animals dosed at 500 mg/kg/day. The findings in the Restorin® NMN high dose group (2000 mg/kg/day) were similar to the reference item (Nicotinamide Riboside Chloride) dosed at 1740 mg/kg/day: reduced body weight, reductions in body weight gains, and diminished food consumption. In conclusion, the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) for Restorin® NMN is 1,000 mg/kg/day in female rats and 500 mg/kg/day in male rats, and the Low-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (LOAEL) for Resotrin® NMN is 2000 mg/kg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Turner
- US Scientific Corp, Dover, DE, United States
| | - Albert Licollari
- Nucro-Technics, a Division of Vimy Ridge Group LTD, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emil Mihalcea
- Nucro-Technics, a Division of Vimy Ridge Group LTD, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aimin Tan
- Nucro-Technics, a Division of Vimy Ridge Group LTD, Toronto, ON, Canada
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27
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Lananna BV, Imai S. Friends and foes: Extracellular vesicles in aging and rejuvenation. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:787-801. [PMID: 34632314 PMCID: PMC8493967 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by many different cell types throughout the body and play a role in a diverse range of biological processes. EVs circulating in blood as well as in other body fluids undergo dramatic alterations over an organism's lifespan that are only beginning to be elucidated. The exact nature of these changes is an area of active and intense investigation, but lacks clear consensus due to the substantial heterogeneity in EV subpopulations and insufficiencies in current technologies. Nonetheless, emerging evidence suggests that EVs regulate systemic aging as well as the pathophysiology of age-related diseases. Here, we review the current literature investigating EVs and aging with an emphasis on consequences for the maintenance of human healthspan. Intriguingly, the biological utility of EVs both in vitro and in vivo and across contexts depends on the states of the source cells or tissues. As such, EVs secreted by cells in an aged or pathological state may impose detrimental consequences on recipient cells, while EVs secreted by youthful or healthy cells may promote functional improvement. Thus, it is critical to understand both functions of EVs and tip the balance toward their beneficial effects as an antiaging intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian V. Lananna
- Department of Developmental BiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Shin‐ichiro Imai
- Department of Developmental BiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
- Department of GerontologyLaboratory of Molecular Life ScienceInstitute of Biomedical Research and InnovationKobeJapan
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28
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Ahn E, Lee J, Han J, Lee SM, Kwon KS, Hwang GS. Glutathione is an aging-related metabolic signature in the mouse kidney. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21009-21028. [PMID: 34492635 PMCID: PMC8457589 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ability to maintain systemic metabolic homeostasis through various mechanisms represents a crucial strength of kidneys in the study of metabolic syndrome or aging. Moreover, age-associated kidney failure has been widely accepted. However, efforts to demonstrate aging-dependent renal metabolic rewiring have been limited. In the present study, we investigated aging-related renal metabolic determinants by integrating metabolomic and transcriptomic data sets from kidneys of young (3 months, n = 7 and 3 for respectively) and old (24 months, n = 8 and 3 for respectively) naive C57BL/6 male mice. Metabolite profiling analysis was conducted, followed by data processing via network and pathway analyses, to identify differential metabolites. In the aged group, the levels of glutathione and oxidized glutathione were significantly increased, but the levels of gamma-glutamyl amino acids, amino acids combined with the gamma-glutamyl moiety from glutathione by membrane transpeptidases, and circulating glutathione levels were decreased. In transcriptomic analysis, differential expression of metabolic enzymes is consistent with the hypothesis of aging-dependent rewiring in renal glutathione metabolism; pathway and network analyses further revealed the increased expression of immune-related genes in the aged group. Collectively, our integrative analysis results revealed that defective renal glutathione metabolism is a signature of renal aging. Therefore, we hypothesize that restraining renal glutathione metabolism might alleviate or delay age-associated renal metabolic deterioration, and aberrant activation of the renal immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyong Ahn
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Jisu Han
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Ki-Sun Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Aventi Inc., Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03759, Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
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29
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Li C, Wu LE. Risks and rewards of targeting NAD + homeostasis in the brain. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 198:111545. [PMID: 34302821 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Strategies to correct declining nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels in neurological disease and biological ageing are promising therapeutic candidates. These strategies include supplementing with NAD+ precursors, small molecule activation of NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes, and treatment with small molecule inhibitors of NAD+ consuming enzymes such as CD38, SARM1 or members of the PARP family. While these strategies have shown efficacy in animal models of neurological disease, each of these has the mechanistic potential for adverse events that could preclude their preclinical use. Here, we discuss the implications of these strategies for treating neurological diseases, including potential off-target effects that may be unique to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Li
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Lindsay E Wu
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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30
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Histone Acetylation in the Epigenetic Regulation of Bone Metabolism and Related Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8043346. [PMID: 34326880 PMCID: PMC8310436 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8043346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As the earliest studied epigenetic modification, acetylation has been explored a lot through the years. While bone tissue acts as an indispensable part of body, researches aimed at the relationship between the bone and acetylation became necessary. Some environmental factors like diet may affect the metabolism status that some metabolites especially nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) were found able to regulate intracellular histone acetylation in bone metabolism. This review focuses on representing the interaction among acetylation, metabolism, and the bone. The results showed that acetylation connects a lot with bone metabolism, while the explorations about related metabolites like acetyl-CoA or different environmental exposures are still limited. Some acetylation-related therapy methods of bone diseases based on metabolic regulation or epigenetic enzymes were also reviewed.
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31
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Schroder EA, Wang L, Wen Y, Callahan LAP, Supinski GS. Skeletal muscle-specific calpastatin overexpression mitigates muscle weakness in aging and extends life span. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:630-642. [PMID: 34197232 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00883.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpain activation has been postulated as a potential contributor to the loss of muscle mass and function associated with both aging and disease, but limitations of previous experimental approaches have failed to completely examine this issue. We hypothesized that mice overexpressing calpastatin (CalpOX), an endogenous inhibitor of calpain, solely in skeletal muscle would show an amelioration of the aging muscle phenotype. We assessed four groups of mice (age in months): 1) young wild type (WT; 5.71 ± 0.43), 2) young CalpOX (5.6 ± 0.5), 3) old WT (25.81 ± 0.56), and 4) old CalpOX (25.91 ± 0.60) for diaphragm and limb muscle (extensor digitorum longus, EDL) force frequency relations. Aging significantly reduced diaphragm and EDL peak force in old WT mice, and decreased the force-time integral during a fatiguing protocol by 48% and 23% in aged WT diaphragm and EDL, respectively. In contrast, we found that CalpOX mice had significantly increased diaphragm and EDL peak force in old mice, similar to that observed in young mice. The impact of aging on the force-time integral during a fatiguing protocol was abolished in the diaphragm and EDL of old CalpOX animals. Surprisingly, we found that CalpOX had a significant impact on longevity, increasing median survival from 20.55 mo in WT mice to 24 mo in CalpOX mice (P = 0.0006).NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to investigate the role of calpastatin overexpression on skeletal muscle specific force in aging rodents. Muscle-specific overexpression of calpastatin, the endogenous calpain inhibitor, prevented aging-induced reductions in both EDL and diaphragm specific force and, remarkably, increased life span. These data suggest that diaphragm dysfunction in aging may be a major factor in determining longevity. Targeting the calpain/calpastatin pathway may elucidate novel therapies to combat skeletal muscle weakness in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Schroder
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Lin Wang
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Yuan Wen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Leigh Ann P Callahan
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Gerald S Supinski
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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32
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Mukherjee S, Mo J, Paolella LM, Perry CE, Toth J, Hugo MM, Chu Q, Tong Q, Chellappa K, Baur JA. SIRT3 is required for liver regeneration but not for the beneficial effect of nicotinamide riboside. JCI Insight 2021; 6:147193. [PMID: 33690226 PMCID: PMC8119200 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.147193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration is critical to survival after traumatic injuries, exposure to hepatotoxins, or surgical interventions, yet the underlying signaling and metabolic pathways remain unclear. In this study, we show that hepatocyte-specific loss of the mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 drastically impairs regeneration and worsens mitochondrial function after partial hepatectomy. Sirtuins, including SIRT3, require NAD as a cosubstrate. We previously showed that the NAD precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) promotes liver regeneration, but whether this involves sirtuins has not been tested. Here, we show that despite their NAD dependence and critical roles in regeneration, neither SIRT3 nor its nuclear counterpart SIRT1 is required for NR to enhance liver regeneration. NR improves mitochondrial respiration in regenerating WT or mutant livers and rapidly increases oxygen consumption and glucose output in cultured hepatocytes. Our data support a direct enhancement of mitochondrial redox metabolism as the mechanism mediating improved liver regeneration after NAD supplementation and exclude signaling via SIRT1 and SIRT3. Therefore, we provide the first evidence to our knowledge for an essential role for a mitochondrial sirtuin during liver regeneration and insight into the beneficial effects of NR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James Mo
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lauren M. Paolella
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Caroline E. Perry
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jade Toth
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mindy M. Hugo
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qingwei Chu
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qiang Tong
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karthikeyani Chellappa
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph A. Baur
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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33
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Role of Oxidative DNA Damage and Repair in Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083838. [PMID: 33917194 PMCID: PMC8068079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) represent the two most common clinical cardiac diseases, characterized by angina, arrhythmia, myocardial damage, and cardiac dysfunction, significantly contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and posing a heavy socio-economic burden on society worldwide. Current treatments of these two diseases are mainly symptomatic and lack efficacy. There is thus an urgent need to develop novel therapies based on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Emerging evidence indicates that oxidative DNA damage might be a major underlying mechanism that promotes a variety of cardiac diseases, including AF and IHD. Antioxidants, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) boosters, and enzymes involved in oxidative DNA repair processes have been shown to attenuate oxidative damage to DNA, making them potential therapeutic targets for AF and IHD. In this review, we first summarize the main molecular mechanisms responsible for oxidative DNA damage and repair both in nuclei and mitochondria, then describe the effects of oxidative DNA damage on the development of AF and IHD, and finally discuss potential targets for oxidative DNA repair-based therapeutic approaches for these two cardiac diseases.
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34
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Khaidizar FD, Bessho Y, Nakahata Y. Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase as a Key Molecule of the Aging/Senescence Process. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3709. [PMID: 33918226 PMCID: PMC8037941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a phenomenon underlined by complex molecular and biochemical changes that occur over time. One of the metabolites that is gaining strong research interest is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+, whose cellular level has been shown to decrease with age in various tissues of model animals and humans. Administration of NAD+ precursors, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR), to supplement NAD+ production through the NAD+ salvage pathway has been demonstrated to slow down aging processes in mice. Therefore, NAD+ is a critical metabolite now understood to mitigate age-related tissue function decline and prevent age-related diseases in aging animals. In human clinical trials, administration of NAD+ precursors to the elderly is being used to address systemic age-associated physiological decline. Among NAD+ biosynthesis pathways in mammals, the NAD+ salvage pathway is the dominant pathway in most of tissues, and NAMPT is the rate limiting enzyme of this pathway. However, only a few activators of NAMPT, which are supposed to increase NAD+, have been developed so far. In this review, we will focus on the importance of NAD+ and the possible application of an activator of NAMPT to promote successive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiqri D. Khaidizar
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yasumasa Bessho
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma 630-0101, Japan;
| | - Yasukazu Nakahata
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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Franczyk MP, Qi N, Stromsdorfer KL, Li C, Yamaguchi S, Itoh H, Yoshino M, Sasaki Y, Brookheart RT, Finck BN, DeBosch BJ, Klein S, Yoshino J. Importance of Adipose Tissue NAD+ Biology in Regulating Metabolic Flexibility. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6128705. [PMID: 33543238 PMCID: PMC7853299 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential coenzyme that regulates cellular energy metabolism in many cell types. The major purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that NAD+ in white adipose tissue (WAT) is a regulator of whole-body metabolic flexibility in response to changes in insulin sensitivity and with respect to substrate availability and use during feeding and fasting conditions. To this end, we first evaluated the relationship between WAT NAD+ concentration and metabolic flexibility in mice and humans. We found that WAT NAD+ concentration was increased in mice after calorie restriction and exercise, 2 enhancers of metabolic flexibility. Bariatric surgery-induced 20% weight loss increased plasma adiponectin concentration, skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, and WAT NAD+ concentration in people with obesity. We next analyzed adipocyte-specific nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) knockout (ANKO) mice, which have markedly decreased NAD+ concentrations in WAT. ANKO mice oxidized more glucose during the light period and after fasting than control mice. In contrast, the normal postprandial stimulation of glucose oxidation and suppression of fat oxidation were impaired in ANKO mice. Data obtained from RNA-sequencing of WAT suggest that loss of NAMPT increases inflammation, and impairs insulin sensitivity, glucose oxidation, lipolysis, branched-chain amino acid catabolism, and mitochondrial function in WAT, which are features of metabolic inflexibility. These results demonstrate a novel function of WAT NAMPT-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis in regulating whole-body metabolic flexibility, and provide new insights into the role of adipose tissue NAD+ biology in metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Franczyk
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nathan Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kelly L Stromsdorfer
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shintaro Yamaguchi
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mihoko Yoshino
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yo Sasaki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rita T Brookheart
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Brian N Finck
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Brian J DeBosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jun Yoshino
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Correspondence: Jun Yoshino, MD, PhD, Center for Human Nutrition, Division of Geriatrics & Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8031, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Healthy Lifestyle Recommendations: Do the Beneficial Effects Originate from NAD + Amount at the Cellular Level? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2020:8819627. [PMID: 33414897 PMCID: PMC7752291 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8819627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the role of oxidized forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as a molecule central to health benefits as the result from observing selected healthy lifestyle recommendations. Namely, NAD+ level can be regulated by lifestyle and nutrition approaches such as fasting, caloric restriction, sports activity, low glucose availability, and heat shocks. NAD+ is reduced with age at a cellular, tissue, and organismal level due to inflammation, defect in NAMPT-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis, and the PARP-mediated NAD+ depletion. This leads to a decrease in cellular energy production and DNA repair and modifies genomic signalling leading to an increased incidence of chronic diseases and ageing. By implementing healthy lifestyle approaches, endogenous intracellular NAD+ levels can be increased, which explains the molecular mechanisms underlying health benefits at the organismal level. Namely, adherence to here presented healthy lifestyle approaches is correlated with an extended life expectancy free of major chronic diseases.
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Yue XY, Sun XF, Che K, Hu JX, Lv WS, Sun XL, Geng Z, Chi JW, Wang YG. Lpl-C310R mutation is associated with impaired glucose tolerance and endoplasmic reticulum stress in skeletal muscle. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:480-486. [PMID: 32703455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary Hypertriglyceridemia refers to a loss-of-function genetic defect which prevents the triglyceride (TG) in chylomicrons (CM) from lipolysis, leading to the accumulation of TG. The mutation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene has been recognized as the main cause of primary hypertriglyceridemia. Recently, a new LPL gene mutation p.C310R(c. T928C) was identified in a family with hypertriglyceridemia. The proband was manifested by severe hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes. Skeletal muscle is the major LPL-synthesizing tissue and insulin response target tissue. However, little is known about the effects of LPL gene mutation on skeletal muscle. This study is intended to observe the effects of LPL-C310R mutation on glycolipid metabolism and skeletal muscle. We found that a significantly decreased LPL plasma concentration, activity and the expression levels in skeletal muscle were observed in LplC310R/+ mice comparing to wild type mice. Those mutant mice also exhibited increased fasting plasma TG, free fat acids (FFA) and insulin, as well as FFA in muscle, and decreased glucose tolerance. Enhanced expression of BIP and elevated phosphorylation of IRE1α were observed in skeletal muscle, suggesting increased endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Consistent with this, increased phosphorylation of JNK was also observed. Meanwhile, remarkably enhanced phosphorylation of IRS-1 (Ser307) and decreased phosphorylation of AKT were observed in skeletal muscle of mutant mice, suggesting impaired insulin signaling. Significant lipid deposition and morphological changes in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were observed in the skeletal muscle of mutant mice but not in wild type control. Results demonstrate Lpl C310R mutation caused impaired glucose tolerance, ER stress and impaired insulin signaling in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Yue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rongcheng People's Hospital, Rongcheng, 264300, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Kui Che
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Thyroid Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Xia Hu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Thyroid Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Shan Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhuang Geng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Jing-Wei Chi
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Thyroid Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan-Gang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
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Xu W, Li L, Zhang L. NAD + Metabolism as an Emerging Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Diseases Associated With Sudden Cardiac Death. Front Physiol 2020; 11:901. [PMID: 32903597 PMCID: PMC7438569 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its central role in mediating oxidation reduction in fuel metabolism and bioenergetics, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has emerged as a vital co-substrate for a number of proteins involved in diverse cellular processes, including sirtuins, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and cyclic ADP-ribose synthetases. The connection with aging and age-associated diseases has led to a new wave of research in the cardiovascular field. Here, we review the basics of NAD+ homeostasis, the molecular physiology and new advances in ischemic-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and arrhythmias, all of which are associated with increased risks for sudden cardiac death. Finally, we summarize the progress of NAD+-boosting therapy in human cardiovascular diseases and the challenges for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Xu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Le Li
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lilei Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Naicker N, Sigal A, Naidoo K. Metformin as Host-Directed Therapy for TB Treatment: Scoping Review. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:435. [PMID: 32411100 PMCID: PMC7201016 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) disease is an international health concern caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Evolution of multi-drug-resistant strains may cause bacterial persistence, rendering existing antibiotics ineffective. Hence, development of new or repurposing of currently approved drugs to fight Mtb in combination with existing antibiotics is urgently needed to cure TB which is refractory to current therapy. The shortening of TB therapy and reduction in lung injury can be achieved using adjunctive host-directed therapies. There is a wide range of probable candidates which include numerous agents permitted for the treatment of other diseases. One potential candidate is metformin, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). However, there is a scarcity of evidence supporting the biological basis for the effect of metformin as a host-directed therapy for TB. This scoping review summarizes the current body of evidence and outlines scientific gaps that need to be addressed in determining the potential role of metformin as a host-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Naicker
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
| | - Alex Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kogieleum Naidoo
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa.,MRC-CAPRISA HIV-TB Pathogenesis and Treatment Research Unit, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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40
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Hypothalamic NAD +-Sirtuin Axis: Function and Regulation. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030396. [PMID: 32143417 PMCID: PMC7175325 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapidly expanding elderly population and obesity endemic have become part of continuing global health care problems. The hypothalamus is a critical center for the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism, circadian rhythm, and aging-related physiology. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase sirtuins are referred to as master metabolic regulators that link the cellular energy status to adaptive transcriptional responses. Mounting evidence now indicates that hypothalamic sirtuins are essential for adequate hypothalamic neuronal functions. Owing to the NAD+-dependence of sirtuin activity, adequate hypothalamic NAD+ contents are pivotal for maintaining energy homeostasis and circadian physiology. Here, we comprehensively review the regulatory roles of the hypothalamic neuronal NAD+-sirtuin axis in a normal physiological context and their changes in obesity and the aging process. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of NAD+ biology-targeting drugs in aging/obesity-related metabolic and circadian disorders.
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Torretta S, Colombo G, Travelli C, Boumya S, Lim D, Genazzani AA, Grolla AA. The Cytokine Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT; PBEF; Visfatin) Acts as a Natural Antagonist of C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 (CCR5). Cells 2020; 9:cells9020496. [PMID: 32098202 PMCID: PMC7072806 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltrasferase (eNAMPT) is released by various cell types with pro-tumoral and pro-inflammatory properties. In cancer, eNAMPT regulates tumor growth through the activation of intracellular pathways, suggesting that it acts through a putative receptor, although its nature is still elusive. It has been shown, using surface plasma resonance, that eNAMPT binds to the C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), although the physiological meaning of this finding is unknown. The aim of the present work was to characterize the pharmacodynamics of eNAMPT on CCR5. (2) Methods: HeLa CCR5-overexpressing stable cell line and B16 melanoma cells were used. We focused on some phenotypic effects of CCR5 activation, such as calcium release and migration, to evaluate eNAMPT actions on this receptor. (3) Results: eNAMPT did not induce ERK activation or cytosolic Ca2+-rises alone. Furthermore, eNAMPT prevents CCR5 internalization mediated by Rantes. eNAMPT pretreatment inhibits CCR5-mediated PKC activation and Rantes-dependent calcium signaling. The effect of eNAMPT on CCR5 was specific, as the responses to ATP and carbachol were unaffected. This was strengthened by the observation that eNAMPT inhibited Rantes-induced Ca2+-rises and Rantes-induced migration in a melanoma cell line. (4) Conclusions: Our work shows that eNAMPT binds to CCR5 and acts as a natural antagonist of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Torretta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (D.L.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Giorgia Colombo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (D.L.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Sara Boumya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (D.L.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Dmitry Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (D.L.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Armando A. Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (D.L.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Ambra A. Grolla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (S.B.); (D.L.); (A.A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0321-375822; Fax: +39-0321-375821
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Singhal A, Cheng CY. Host NAD+ metabolism and infections: therapeutic implications. Int Immunol 2020; 31:59-67. [PMID: 30329059 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxy068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is both a crucial coenzyme and a cosubstrate for various metabolic reactions in all living cells. Maintenance of NAD+ levels is essential for cell energy homeostasis, survival, proliferation and function. Mounting evidence points to NAD+ as one of the major modulators of immuno-metabolic circuits, thus regulating immune responses and functions. Recent studies delineate impaired host NAD+ metabolism during chronic infections and inflammation, suggesting NAD+ replenishment as an avenue to ameliorate deleterious inflammatory responses. Here, we discuss aspects of NAD+ biosynthesis and consumption, NAD+ biology during infections and how NAD+ metabolism can be intervened with pharmacologically to enhance the host's immunological fitness against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Singhal
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research Centre (VIDRC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Catherine Youting Cheng
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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Shade C. The Science Behind NMN-A Stable, Reliable NAD+Activator and Anti-Aging Molecule. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2020; 19:12-14. [PMID: 32549859 PMCID: PMC7238909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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Mitani T, Watanabe S, Wada K, Fujii H, Nakamura S, Katayama S. Intracellular cAMP contents regulate NAMPT expression via induction of C/EBPβ in adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:770-775. [PMID: 31791580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A decline in intracellular nicotinamide adenine mononucleotide (NAD+) causes adipose tissue dysfunction. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the NAD+ biosynthesis pathway. However, the molecular mechanism that mediates regulation of NAMPT expression in adipocytes is yet to be elucidated. This study found that intracellular cAMP regulates NAMPT expression and promoter activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. cAMP-mediated Nampt promoter activity was suppressed by protein kinase A inhibitor H89, whereas AMP-activated protein kinase inhibitor compound C did not affect cAMP-mediated Nampt promoter activity. Intracellular cAMP induced CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) expression. Knockdown of C/EBPβ suppressed NAMPT expression and promoter activity. Furthermore, the Nampt promoter was activated by C/EBPβ, while LIP activated the dominant-negative form of C/EBPβ. Promoter sequence analysis revealed that the region from -96 to -76 on Nampt was required for C/EBPβ-mediated promoter activity. Additionally, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that C/EBPβ was bound to the promoter sequences of Nampt. Finally, NAMPT inhibitor FK866 suppressed adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells, and this suppressive effect was restored by nicotinamide mononucleotide treatment. These findings showed that intracellular cAMP increased NAMPT levels by induction of C/EBPβ expression and indicated that the induction of NAMPT expression was important for adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takakazu Mitani
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Agriculture, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan.
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Agriculture, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Wada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujii
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Soichiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Agriculture, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shigeru Katayama
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Agriculture, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano, Japan
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45
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Kozako T, Aikawa A, Ohsugi T, Uchida YI, Kato N, Sato K, Ishitsuka K, Yoshimitsu M, Honda SI. High expression of NAMPT in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and anti-tumor activity of a NAMPT inhibitor. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172738. [PMID: 31614144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a malignancy of mature T lymphocytes induced by human T-cell leukemia virus-1 and has a poor outcome. New molecular targets for the prevention and treatment of ATL are needed urgently. We previously reported high expression of Sirtuin 1, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone/protein deacetylase, in primary acute-type ATL cells. NAD+ biosynthesis via nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) modulates Sirtuin 1 activity. Here, we examined the expression and effects of inhibiting NAMPT, a rate-limiting enzyme in NAD+ biosynthesis, in ATL cells. We found that peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with acute-type ATL expressed significantly higher levels of NAMPT protein than cells from healthy subjects. FK866, a NAMPT inhibitor, induced apoptosis of freshly isolated ATL cells ex vivo and HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines in vitro, which was accompanied by activation of caspases, DNA fragmentation, and disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. However, a pan-caspase inhibitor failed to prevent this FK866-induced cell death, while FK866 increased the caspase-independent cell death mediator endonuclease G. Intriguingly, FK866 also activated autophagy, as demonstrated by increases in protein levels of autophagosome marker LC3-II. Thus, FK866 simultaneously activated apoptosis and autophagy. Finally, FK866 treatment markedly decreased the growth of human ATL tumor xenografts in immunodeficient mice. We showed that NAMPT is highly expressed in primary ATL cells ex vivo, and that FK866 induces autophagy and caspase-dependent and -independent cell death pathways in vitro and has an anti-tumor activity in vivo. These results suggest a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kozako
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Akiyoshi Aikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeo Ohsugi
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Uchida
- Division of Hematology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naho Kato
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishitsuka
- Division of Hematology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan; Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Division of Hematology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan; Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Honda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Dauchy RT, Blask DE, Hoffman AE, Xiang S, Hanifin JP, Warfield B, Brainard GC, Anbalagan M, Dupepe LM, Dobek GL, Belancio VP, Dauchy EM, Hill SM. Influence of Daytime LED Light Exposure on Circadian Regulatory Dynamics of Metabolism and Physiology in Mice. Comp Med 2019; 69:350-373. [PMID: 31540584 PMCID: PMC6807725 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-19-000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Light is a potent biologic force that profoundly influences circadian, neuroendocrine, and neurobehavioral regulation in animals. Previously we examined the effects of light-phase exposure of rats to white light-emitting diodes (LED), which emit more light in the blue-appearing portion of the visible spectrum (465 to 485 nm) than do broad-spectrum cool white fluorescent (CWF) light, on the nighttime melatonin amplitude and circadian regulation of metabolism and physiology. In the current studies, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to blue-enriched LED light at day (bLAD), compared with CWF, promotes the circadian regulation of neuroendocrine, metabolic, and physiologic parameters that are associated with optimizing homeostatic regulation of health and wellbeing in 3 mouse strains commonly used in biomedical research (C3H [melatonin-producing], C57BL/6, and BALB/c [melatonin-non-producing]). Compared with male and female mice housed for 12 wk under 12:12-h light:dark (LD) cycles in CWF light, C3H mice in bLAD evinced 6-fold higher peak plasma melatonin levels at the middark phase; in addition, high melatonin levels were prolonged 2 to 3 h into the light phase. C57BL/6 and BALB/c strains did not produce nighttime pineal melatonin. Body growth rates; dietary and water intakes; circadian rhythms of arterial blood corticosterone, insulin, leptin, glucose, and lactic acid; pO₂ and pCO₂; fatty acids; and metabolic indicators (cAMP, DNA, tissue DNA 3H-thymidine incorporation, fat content) in major organ systems were significantly lower and activation of major metabolic signaling pathways (mTOR, GSK3β, and SIRT1) in skeletal muscle and liver were higher only in C3H mice in bLAD compared with CWF. These data show that exposure of C3H mice to bLAD compared with CWF has a marked positive effect on the circadian regulation of neuroendocrine, metabolic, and physiologic parameters associated with the promotion of animal health and wellbeing that may influence scientific outcomes. The absence of enhancement in amelatonic strains suggests hyperproduction of nighttime melatonin may be a key component of the physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Dauchy
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana;,
| | - David E Blask
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Aaron E Hoffman
- Departments of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Shulin Xiang
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - John P Hanifin
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin Warfield
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - George C Brainard
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Murali Anbalagan
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Lynell M Dupepe
- Departments of Comparative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Georgina L Dobek
- Departments of Comparative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Victoria P Belancio
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Erin M Dauchy
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Steven M Hill
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
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47
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Franco-Trepat E, Guillán-Fresco M, Alonso-Pérez A, Jorge-Mora A, Francisco V, Gualillo O, Gómez R. Visfatin Connection: Present and Future in Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081178. [PMID: 31394795 PMCID: PMC6723538 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pathologies (MSPs) such as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP), are a set of disorders that cause severe pain, motion difficulties, and even permanent disability. In developed countries, the current incidence of MSPs reaches about one in four adults and keeps escalating as a consequence of aging and sedentarism. Interestingly, OA and OP have been closely related to similar risk factors, including aging, metabolic alterations, and inflammation. Visfatin, an adipokine with an inflammatory and catabolic profile, has been associated with several OA and OP metabolic risk factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes. Furthermore, visfatin has been associated with the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which plays a key role in cartilage and bone inflammatory and catabolic responses. Moreover, visfatin has been related to several OA and OP pathologic features. The aim of this work is to bring together basic and clinical data regarding the common role of visfatin in these pathologies and their major shared risk factors. Finally, we discuss the pitfalls of visfatin as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in both pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Franco-Trepat
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Guillán-Fresco
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Jorge-Mora
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vera Francisco
- Research laboratory 9, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- Research laboratory 9, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Yoshida M, Satoh A, Lin JB, Mills KF, Sasaki Y, Rensing N, Wong M, Apte RS, Imai SI. Extracellular Vesicle-Contained eNAMPT Delays Aging and Extends Lifespan in Mice. Cell Metab 2019; 30:329-342.e5. [PMID: 31204283 PMCID: PMC6687560 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a significant risk factor for impaired tissue functions and chronic diseases. Age-associated decline in systemic NAD+ availability plays a critical role in regulating the aging process across many species. Here, we show that the circulating levels of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) significantly decline with age in mice and humans. Increasing circulating eNAMPT levels in aged mice by adipose-tissue-specific overexpression of NAMPT increases NAD+ levels in multiple tissues, thereby enhancing their functions and extending healthspan in female mice. Interestingly, eNAMPT is carried in extracellular vesicles (EVs) through systemic circulation in mice and humans. EV-contained eNAMPT is internalized into cells and enhances NAD+ biosynthesis. Supplementing eNAMPT-containing EVs isolated from young mice significantly improves wheel-running activity and extends lifespan in aged mice. Our findings have revealed a novel EV-mediated delivery mechanism for eNAMPT, which promotes systemic NAD+ biosynthesis and counteracts aging, suggesting a potential avenue for anti-aging intervention in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsukuni Yoshida
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; MD-PhD Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Akiko Satoh
- Sleep and Aging Research Regulation Project Team, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jonathan B Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; MD-PhD Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kathryn F Mills
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yo Sasaki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicholas Rensing
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael Wong
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rajendra S Apte
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shin-Ichiro Imai
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Gerontology, Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan.
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49
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Csiszar A, Tarantini S, Yabluchanskiy A, Balasubramanian P, Kiss T, Farkas E, Baur JA, Ungvari Z. Role of endothelial NAD + deficiency in age-related vascular dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1253-H1266. [PMID: 30875255 PMCID: PMC6620681 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00039.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Age-related alterations in endothelium and the resulting vascular dysfunction critically contribute to a range of pathological conditions associated with old age. To develop therapies rationally that improve vascular health and thereby increase health span and life span in older adults, it will be essential to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to vascular aging. Preclinical studies in model organisms demonstrate that NAD+ availability decreases with age in multiple tissues and that supplemental NAD+ precursors can ameliorate many age-related cellular impairments. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of NAD+-dependent pathways [including the NAD+-using silent information regulator-2-like enzymes and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase enzymes] and the potential consequences of endothelial NAD+ deficiency in vascular aging. The multifaceted vasoprotective effects of treatments that reverse the age-related decline in cellular NAD+ levels, as well as their potential limitations, are discussed. The preventive and therapeutic potential of NAD+ intermediates as effective, clinically relevant interventions in older adults at risk for ischemic heart disease, vascular cognitive impairment, and other common geriatric conditions and diseases that involve vascular pathologies (e.g., sarcopenia, frailty) are critically discussed. We propose that NAD+ precursors [e.g., nicotinamide (Nam) riboside, Nam mononucleotide, niacin] should be considered as critical components of combination therapies to slow the vascular aging process and increase cardiovascular health span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Tamas Kiss
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Eszter Farkas
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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50
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Hogan KA, Chini CCS, Chini EN. The Multi-faceted Ecto-enzyme CD38: Roles in Immunomodulation, Cancer, Aging, and Metabolic Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1187. [PMID: 31214171 PMCID: PMC6555258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CD38 (Cluster of Differentiation 38) is a multifunctional ecto-enzyme that metabolizes NAD+ and mediates nicotinamide dinucleotide (NAD+) and extracellular nucleotide homeostasis as well as intracellular calcium. CD38 is also an emerging therapeutic target under conditions in which metabolism is altered including infection, aging, and tumorigenesis. We describe multiple enzymatic activities of CD38, which may explain the breadth of biological roles observed for this enzyme. Of greatest significance is the role of CD38 as an ecto-enzyme capable of modulating extracellular NAD+ precursor availability: 1 to bacteria unable to perform de novo synthesis of NAD+; and 2 in aged parenchyma impacted by the accumulation of immune cells during the process of ‘inflammaging’. We also discuss the paradoxical role of CD38 as a modulator of intracellular NAD+, particularly in tumor immunity. Finally, we provide a summary of therapeutic approaches to CD38 inhibition and ‘NAD+ boosting’ for treatment of metabolic dysfunction observed during aging and in tumor immunity. The present review summarizes the role of CD38 in nicotinamide nucleotide homeostasis with special emphasis on the role of CD38 as an immunomodulator and druggable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Hogan
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Claudia C S Chini
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Eduardo N Chini
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Kogod Center on Aging, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
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