1
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Niu Q, Wang M, Liu XS. The evolving landscape of IL-10, IL-22 and IL-26 in pleurisy especially in tuberculous pleurisy. Respir Res 2024; 25:275. [PMID: 39003443 PMCID: PMC11245850 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02896-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Pleurisy can be categorized as primary or secondary, arising from immunological, tumorous, or microbial conditions. It often results in lung structure damage and the development of various respiratory issues. Among the different types, tuberculous pleurisy has emerged as a prominent focus for both clinical and scientific investigations. The IL-10 family, known for its anti-inflammatory properties in the human immune system, is increasingly being studied for its involvement in the pathogenesis of pleurisy. This review aims to present a detailed overview of the intricate role of IL-10 family members (specifically IL-10, IL-22, and IL-26) in human and animal pleuritic diseases or relevant animal models. These insights could serve as valuable guidance and references for further studies on pleurisy and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Niu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Pathology, Baoji Gaoxin Hospital, Baoji, 721000, China
| | - Xian-Sheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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2
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Chen Q, Muñoz AR, Korchagina AA, Shou Y, Vallecer J, Todd AW, Shein SA, Tumanov AV, Koroleva E. LTβR-RelB signaling in intestinal epithelial cells protects from chemotherapy-induced mucosal damage. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1388496. [PMID: 38873613 PMCID: PMC11169669 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1388496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate immune mechanisms governing mucosal healing following intestinal damage induced by cytotoxic drugs remain poorly understood. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTβR) signaling in chemotherapy-induced intestinal damage. LTβR deficient mice exhibited heightened body weight loss, exacerbated intestinal pathology, increased proinflammatory cytokine expression, reduced IL-22 expression, and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells following methotrexate (MTX) treatment. Furthermore, LTβR-/-IL-22-/- mice succumbed to MTX treatment, suggesting that LTβR- and IL-22- dependent pathways jointly promote mucosal repair. Although both LTβR ligands LIGHT and LTβ were upregulated in the intestine early after MTX treatment, LIGHT-/- mice, but not LTβ-/- mice, displayed exacerbated disease. Further, we revealed the critical role of T cells in mucosal repair as T cell-deficient mice failed to upregulate intestinal LIGHT expression and exhibited increased body weight loss and intestinal pathology. Analysis of mice with conditional inactivation of LTβR revealed that LTβR signaling in intestinal epithelial cells, but not in Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells, macrophages or dendritic cells was critical for mucosal repair. Furthermore, inactivation of the non-canonical NF-kB pathway member RelB in intestinal epithelial cells promoted MTX-induced disease. Based on these results, we propose a model wherein LIGHT produced by T cells activates LTβR-RelB signaling in intestinal epithelial cells to facilitate mucosal repair following chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangxing Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, and Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Amanda R. Muñoz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Anna A. Korchagina
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Yajun Shou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, and Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jensine Vallecer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Austin W. Todd
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Sergey A. Shein
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alexei V. Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ekaterina Koroleva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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3
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Tran DT, Batchu SN, Advani A. Interferons and interferon-related pathways in heart disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1357343. [PMID: 38665231 PMCID: PMC11043610 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1357343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) and IFN-related pathways play key roles in the defence against microbial infection. However, these processes may also be activated during the pathogenesis of non-infectious diseases, where they may contribute to organ injury, or function in a compensatory manner. In this review, we explore the roles of IFNs and IFN-related pathways in heart disease. We consider the cardiac effects of type I IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs); the emerging role of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway; the seemingly paradoxical effects of the type II IFN, IFN-γ; and the varied actions of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family of transcription factors. Recombinant IFNs and small molecule inhibitors of mediators of IFN receptor signaling are already employed in the clinic for the treatment of some autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancers. There has also been renewed interest in IFNs and IFN-related pathways because of their involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infection, and because of the relatively recent emergence of cGAS-STING as a pattern recognition receptor-activated pathway. Whether these advances will ultimately result in improvements in the care of those experiencing heart disease remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Advani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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4
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Zhang Q, Kisand K, Feng Y, Rinchai D, Jouanguy E, Cobat A, Casanova JL, Zhang SY. In search of a function for human type III interferons: insights from inherited and acquired deficits. Curr Opin Immunol 2024; 87:102427. [PMID: 38781720 PMCID: PMC11209856 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The essential and redundant functions of human type I and II interferons (IFNs) have been delineated over the last three decades by studies of patients with inborn errors of immunity or their autoimmune phenocopies, but much less is known about type III IFNs. Patients with cells that do not respond to type III IFNs due to inherited IL10RB deficiency display no overt viral disease, and their inflammatory disease phenotypes can be explained by defective signaling via other interleukine10RB-dependent pathways. Moreover, patients with inherited deficiencies of interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF-3) (STAT1, STAT2, IRF9) present viral diseases also seen in patients with inherited deficiencies of the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1/2). Finally, patients with autoantibodies neutralizing type III IFNs have no obvious predisposition to viral disease. Current findings thus suggest that type III IFNs are largely redundant in humans. The essential functions of human type III IFNs, particularly in antiviral defenses, remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yi Feng
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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5
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Manoharan J, Rana R, Kuenze G, Gupta D, Elwakiel A, Ambreen S, Wang H, Banerjee K, Zimmermann S, Singh K, Gupta A, Fatima S, Kretschmer S, Schaefer L, Zeng-Brouwers J, Schwab C, Al-Dabet MM, Gadi I, Altmann H, Koch T, Poitz DM, Baber R, Kohli S, Shahzad K, Geffers R, Lee-Kirsch MA, Kalinke U, Meiler J, Mackman N, Isermann B. Tissue factor binds to and inhibits interferon-α receptor 1 signaling. Immunity 2024; 57:68-85.e11. [PMID: 38141610 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF), which is a member of the cytokine receptor family, promotes coagulation and coagulation-dependent inflammation. TF also exerts protective effects through unknown mechanisms. Here, we showed that TF bound to interferon-α receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and antagonized its signaling, preventing spontaneous sterile inflammation and maintaining immune homeostasis. Structural modeling and direct binding studies revealed binding of the TF C-terminal fibronectin III domain to IFNAR1, which restricted the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Podocyte-specific loss of TF in mice (PodΔF3) resulted in sterile renal inflammation, characterized by JAK/STAT signaling, proinflammatory cytokine expression, disrupted immune homeostasis, and glomerulopathy. Inhibiting IFNAR1 signaling or loss of Ifnar1 expression in podocytes attenuated these effects in PodΔF3 mice. As a heteromer, TF and IFNAR1 were both inactive, while dissociation of the TF-IFNAR1 heteromer promoted TF activity and IFNAR1 signaling. These data suggest that the TF-IFNAR1 heteromer is a molecular switch that controls thrombo-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar Manoharan
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rajiv Rana
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Kuenze
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dheerendra Gupta
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elwakiel
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Saira Ambreen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kuheli Banerjee
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silke Zimmermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kunal Singh
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anubhuti Gupta
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sameen Fatima
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kretschmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jinyang Zeng-Brouwers
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Constantin Schwab
- Tissue Bank of the National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moh'd Mohanad Al-Dabet
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ihsan Gadi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heidi Altmann
- Dresden Integrated Liquid Biobank, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Medical Department I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thea Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - David M Poitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ronny Baber
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig Medical Biobank, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shrey Kohli
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Khurrum Shahzad
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Min Ae Lee-Kirsch
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens Meiler
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
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6
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Sheet S, Jang SS, Kim JH, Park W, Kim D. A transcriptomic analysis of skeletal muscle tissues reveals promising candidate genes and pathways accountable for different daily weight gain in Hanwoo cattle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:315. [PMID: 38172605 PMCID: PMC10764957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cattle traits like average daily weight gain (ADG) greatly impact profitability. Selecting based on ADG considering genetic variability can lead to economic and genetic advancements in cattle breeding. This study aimed to unravel genetic influences on ADG variation in Hanwoo cattle at the skeletal muscle transcriptomic level. RNA sequencing was conducted on longissimus dorsi (LD), semimembranosus (SB), and psoas major (PM) muscles of 14 steers assigned to same feed, grouped by low (≤ 0.71 kg) and high (≥ 0.77 kg) ADG. At P ≤ 0.05 and log2fold > 1.5, the distinct pattern of gene expression was identified with 184, 172, and 210 differentially expressed genes in LD, SB, and PM muscles, respectively. Tissue-specific responses to ADG variation were evident, with myogenesis and differentiation associated JAK-STAT signaling pathway and prolactin signaling pathways enriched in LD and SB muscles, while adipogenesis-related PPAR signaling pathways were enriched in PM muscle. Key hub genes (AXIN2, CDKN1A, MYC, PTGS2, FZD5, SPP1) were upregulated and functionally significant in muscle growth and differentiation. Notably, DPP6, CDKN1A, and FZD5 emerged as possible candidate genes linked to ADG variation. These findings enhance our understanding of genetic factors behind ADG variation in Hanwoo cattle, illuminating skeletal muscle mechanisms influencing ADG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunirmal Sheet
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Sik Jang
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang, 25342, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Woncheoul Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dahye Kim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Silva RCMC, Travassos LH, Dutra FF. The dichotomic role of single cytokines: Fine-tuning immune responses. Cytokine 2024; 173:156408. [PMID: 37925788 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are known for their pleiotropic effects. They can be classified by their function as pro-inflammatory, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL) 1 and IL-12, or anti-inflammatory, like IL-10, IL-35 and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Though this type of classification is an important simplification for the understanding of the general cytokine's role, it can be misleading. Here, we discuss recent studies that show a dichotomic role of the so-called pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, highlighting that their function can be dependent on the microenvironment and their concentrations. Furthermore, we discuss how the back-and-forth interplay between cytokines and immunometabolism can influence the dichotomic role of inflammatory responses as an important target to complement cytokine-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Holanda Travassos
- Laboratório de Receptores e Sinalização intracelular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabianno Ferreira Dutra
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Inflamação, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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8
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Fatima F, Chourasiya NK, Mishra M, Kori S, Pathak S, Das R, Kashaw V, Iyer AK, Kashaw SK. Curcumin and its Derivatives Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways to Elicit Anticancer Activity: A Comprehensive Perspective. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3668-3714. [PMID: 37221681 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230522144312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The uncontrolled growth and spread of aberrant cells characterize the group of disorders known as cancer. According to GLOBOCAN 2022 analysis of cancer patients in either developed countries or developing countries the main concern cancers are breast cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer which may rise eventually. Natural substances with dietary origins have gained interest for their low toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The evaluation of dietary natural products as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents, the identification, characterization, and synthesis of their active components, as well as the enhancement of their delivery and bioavailability, have all received significant attention. Thus, the treatment strategy for concerning cancers must be significantly evaluated and may include the use of phytochemicals in daily lifestyle. In the present perspective, we discussed one of the potent phytochemicals, that has been used over the past few decades known as curcumin as a panacea drug of the "Cure-all" therapy concept. In our review firstly we included exhausted data from in vivo and in vitro studies on breast cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer which act through various cancer-targeting pathways at the molecular level. Now, the second is the active constituent of turmeric known as curcumin and its derivatives are enlisted with their targeted protein in the molecular docking studies, which help the researchers design and synthesize new curcumin derivatives with respective implicated molecular and cellular activity. However, curcumin and its substituted derivatives still need to be investigated with unknown targeting mechanism studies in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdous Fatima
- Integrated Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Nikhil Kumar Chourasiya
- Integrated Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Mitali Mishra
- Integrated Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Shivam Kori
- Integrated Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Sandhya Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Ratnesh Das
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
| | - Varsha Kashaw
- Sagar Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Arun K Iyer
- Use-inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Molecular Imaging Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar Kashaw
- Integrated Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar (MP), India
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9
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Mane RR, Kale PP. The roles of HDAC with IMPDH and mTOR with JAK as future targets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with combination therapy. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:689-706. [PMID: 36409592 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2022-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Various studies have shown that cytokines are important regulators in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In synovial inflammation alteration of the enzyme HDAC, IMPDH enzyme, mTOR pathway, and JAK pathway increase cytokine level. These increased cytokine levels are responsible for the inflammation in RA. Inflammation is a physiological and normal reaction of the immune system against dangerous stimuli such as injury and infection. The cytokine-based approach improves the treatment of RA. To reach this goal, various researchers and scientists are working more aggressively by using a combination approach. The present review of combination therapy provides essential evidence about the possible synergistic effect of combinatorial agents. We have focused on the effects of HDAC inhibitor with IMPDH inhibitor and mTOR inhibitor with JAK inhibitor in combination for the treatment of RA. Combining various targeted strategies can be helpful for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Rajendra Mane
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Pravin Popatrao Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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10
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Temby M, Boye TL, Hoang J, Nielsen OH, Gubatan J. Kinase Signaling in Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1620. [PMID: 38002302 PMCID: PMC10669043 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a known complication of chronic inflammation of the colon ("colitis-associated colon cancer"). Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with IBD are at increased risk of colon cancer compared to the general population. Kinase signaling pathways play critical roles in both the inflammation and regulating cellular processes such as proliferation and survival that contribute to cancer development. Here we review the interplay of kinase signaling pathways (mitogen-activated protein kinases, cyclin-dependent kinases, autophagy-activated kinases, JAK-STAT, and other kinases) and their effects on colitis-associated colon cancer. We also discuss the role of JAK-STAT signaling in the pathogenesis of IBD and the therapeutic landscape of JAK inhibitors for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Temby
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA; (M.T.); (J.H.)
| | - Theresa L. Boye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (T.L.B.); (O.H.N.)
| | - Jacqueline Hoang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA; (M.T.); (J.H.)
| | - Ole H. Nielsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (T.L.B.); (O.H.N.)
| | - John Gubatan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA; (M.T.); (J.H.)
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11
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Fang Z, Sun H, Wang Y, Sun Z, Yin M. Discovery of WD-890: A novel allosteric TYK2 inhibitor for the treatment of multiple autoimmune diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115611. [PMID: 37778274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) as a member of Janus kinase (JAK) family, mainly mediates the signaling of type I interferons (IFN), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-23 (IL-23), which has become an attractive target for treatment of immune and inflammatory diseases. However, the development of selective TYK2 inhibitors is challenging due to the high homology of the catalytic kinase domain among the JAK family members. Here, we report a novel and potent allosteric inhibitor, WD-890, which binds to the pseudokinase domain of TYK2 with high selectivity and inhibits its function. We accomplished a series of preclinical studies to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of WD-890 in four animal models: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pharmacokinetic and toxicology results further indicate that WD-890 has favorable absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties and tolerable toxicity. In conclusion, our study shows that WD-890 could be a promising oral TYK2 inhibitor for future treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyin Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenliang Sun
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China; Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), School of Medicine Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Mesev EV, Lin AE, Guare EG, Heller BL, Douam F, Adamson B, Toettcher JE, Ploss A. Membrane-proximal motifs encode differences in signaling strength between type I and III interferon receptors. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadf5494. [PMID: 37816090 PMCID: PMC10939449 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adf5494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) play crucial roles in antiviral defenses. Despite using the same Janus-activated kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling cascade, type I and III IFN receptors differ in the magnitude and dynamics of their signaling in terms of STAT phosphorylation, gene transcription, and antiviral responses. These differences are not due to ligand-binding affinity and receptor abundance. Here, we investigated the ability of the intracellular domains (ICDs) of IFN receptors to differentiate between type I and III IFN signaling. We engineered synthetic, heterodimeric type I and III IFN receptors that were stably expressed at similar amounts in human cells and responded to a common ligand. We found that our synthetic type I IFN receptors stimulated STAT phosphorylation and gene expression to greater extents than did the corresponding type III IFN receptors. Furthermore, we identified short "box motifs" within ICDs that bind to JAK1 that were sufficient to encode differences between the type I and III IFN receptors. Together, our results indicate that specific regions within the ICDs of IFN receptor subunits encode different downstream signaling strengths that enable type I and III IFN receptors to produce distinct signaling outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily V. Mesev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Aaron E. Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Emma G. Guare
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Brigitte L. Heller
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Florian Douam
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Britt Adamson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Lewis Sigler Center for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jared E. Toettcher
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Omenn-Darling Bioengineering Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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13
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Zhang M, Liu WQ, Wang Y, Yan X, Wang B, Wang GH. Identification, expression pattern and functional characterization of IFN-γ involved in activating JAK-STAT pathway in Sebastes schlegeli. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108936. [PMID: 37423401 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
IFN-γ (interferon gamma) is a critical cytokine in the immune system involved both directly and indirectly in antiviral activity, stimulation of bactericidal activity, antigen presentation and activation of macrophages via the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. The IFN-γ function is best described in cell defense against intracellular pathogens in mammals, but IFN-γ cytokine-induced metabolic change and its role in anti-infection remain unknown in teleost fish. In this study, a novel IFN-γ (SsIFN-γ) was identified from black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The open reading frame (ORF) of SsIFN-γ encoded a putative protein of 215 amino acids and shares 60.2%-93.5% overall sequence identities with other teleost IFN-γ. SsIFN-γ was distributed ubiquitously in all the detected tissues and immune cells, which was highly expressed in the spleen, gills, head kidney by quantitative real-time PCR. The mRNA expression of SsIFN-γ was significantly upregulated in the spleen, head kidney, head kidney (HK) macrophages and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) during pathogen infection. Meanwhile, the recombinant protein (rSsIFN-γ) exhibited an immunomodulatory function to enhance respiratory burst activity and nitric oxide response of HK macrophages. Furthermore, rSsIFN-γ could effectively upregulate the expression of macrophage proinflammatory cytokine, the expression of JAK-STAT signaling pathway related genes and interferon-related downstream genes in the head kidney and spleen. Luciferase assays showed ISRE and GAS activity were obviously enhanced after rSsIFN-γ treatment. These results indicated that SsIFN-γ possessed apparent immunoregulatory properties and played a role in fighting pathogen infection which will be helpful to further understanding of the immunologic mechanism of teleosts IFN-γ in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Wen-Qing Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Xue Yan
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Guang-Hua Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
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14
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Liu S, Hur YH, Cai X, Cong Q, Yang Y, Xu C, Bilate AM, Gonzales KAU, Parigi SM, Cowley CJ, Hurwitz B, Luo JD, Tseng T, Gur-Cohen S, Sribour M, Omelchenko T, Levorse J, Pasolli HA, Thompson CB, Mucida D, Fuchs E. A tissue injury sensing and repair pathway distinct from host pathogen defense. Cell 2023; 186:2127-2143.e22. [PMID: 37098344 PMCID: PMC10321318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen infection and tissue injury are universal insults that disrupt homeostasis. Innate immunity senses microbial infections and induces cytokines/chemokines to activate resistance mechanisms. Here, we show that, in contrast to most pathogen-induced cytokines, interleukin-24 (IL-24) is predominately induced by barrier epithelial progenitors after tissue injury and is independent of microbiome or adaptive immunity. Moreover, Il24 ablation in mice impedes not only epidermal proliferation and re-epithelialization but also capillary and fibroblast regeneration within the dermal wound bed. Conversely, ectopic IL-24 induction in the homeostatic epidermis triggers global epithelial-mesenchymal tissue repair responses. Mechanistically, Il24 expression depends upon both epithelial IL24-receptor/STAT3 signaling and hypoxia-stabilized HIF1α, which converge following injury to trigger autocrine and paracrine signaling involving IL-24-mediated receptor signaling and metabolic regulation. Thus, parallel to innate immune sensing of pathogens to resolve infections, epithelial stem cells sense injury signals to orchestrate IL-24-mediated tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yun Ha Hur
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xin Cai
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Qian Cong
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Biophysics, and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yihao Yang
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chiwei Xu
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Angelina M Bilate
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kevin Andrew Uy Gonzales
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - S Martina Parigi
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christopher J Cowley
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Brian Hurwitz
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ji-Dung Luo
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tiffany Tseng
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shiri Gur-Cohen
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Megan Sribour
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tatiana Omelchenko
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John Levorse
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hilda Amalia Pasolli
- Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Craig B Thompson
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniel Mucida
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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15
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Nielsen OH, Boye TL, Gubatan J, Chakravarti D, Jaquith JB, LaCasse EC. Selective JAK1 inhibitors for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108402. [PMID: 37004800 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, also known as jakinibs, are third-generation oral small molecules that have expanded the therapeutic options for the management of chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Tofacitinib, a pan-JAK inhibitor, has spearheaded the new JAK class for IBD treatment. Unfortunately, serious adverse effects, including cardiovascular complications such as pulmonary embolism and venous thromboembolism or even death from any cause, have been reported for tofacitinib. However, it is anticipated that next-generation selective JAK inhibitors may limit the development of serious adverse events, leading to a safer treatment course with these novel targeted therapies. Nevertheless, although this drug class was recently introduced, following the launch of second-generation biologics in the late 1990s, it is breaking new ground and has been shown to efficiently modulate complex cytokine-driven inflammation in both preclinical models and human studies. Herein, we review the clinical opportunities for targeting JAK1 signaling in the pathophysiology of IBD, the biology and chemistry underpinning these target-selective compounds, and their mechanisms of actions. We also discuss the potential for these inhibitors in efforts to balance their benefits and harms.
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16
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Bai Y, Chen X, Qu A, Liu Y, Zhao J, Ke Q, Pu F, Wu L, Chi H, Gong H, Zhou T, Xu P. Identification and Expression Analysis of LncRNAs Reveal the Immune Mechanism of Visceral White-Nodules Disease Resistance in Large Yellow Croaker. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:57-69. [PMID: 36401080 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have several known functions in fish growth processes and signal transduction, but their possible roles in response to bacterial diseases remain largely unresolved. In this study, we report a comprehensive cold-water bacterial disease-responsive lncRNA expression profile for understanding the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of visceral white-nodules disease resistance in large yellow croaker. A total of 2534 high-confidence lncRNAs were identified by a rigorous filtering pipeline as a basic sequence set for comparative transcriptional analysis. In addition, a total of 10,200 lncRNA-mRNA pairs with high correlation coefficients were identified by expressions level correlation analysis, including non-redundant 381 DE lncRNAs and 2590 differential expressed genes. MSTRG_11084_1 and MSTRG_20402_1 were linked to a large number of target genes and may be involved in important functions in immune regulation. We further revealed the conserved and idiosyncratic features of the disease response process between the technical control strain (TCS) and the resistant strain (RS). Immune-related pathways were enriched in GO terms and KEGG pathways, among which cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway may play a key role in VWND resistance in large yellow croaker. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis revealed that immune-related target genes such as il-10, met, acta2, myc, cav1, and ntrk1, as well as growth and metabolism-related target genes such as pik3r2, igf1, sc5d, hmgcr, and lss were considered the main hub genes. This study represents the first characterization of lncRNAs involved in VWND resistance in large yellow croaker and provides new clues for elucidating the disease response mechanism of large yellow croaker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Bai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xintong Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ang Qu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ji Zhao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Qiaozhen Ke
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352130, China
| | - Fei Pu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Linni Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hongshu Chi
- Biotechnology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Biotechnology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352130, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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17
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Naldurtiker A, Batchu P, Kouakou B, Terrill TH, Shaik A, Kannan G. RNA-Seq exploration of the influence of stress on meat quality in Spanish goats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20573. [PMID: 36446782 PMCID: PMC9709060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies exploring the transcriptome of stress and its effects on meat quality are very limited, particularly in goats. Fifty-four male Spanish goats (8-mo old; BW = 29.7 ± 2.03 kg) were randomly subjected to one of three treatments (TRT; n = 18 goats/treatment): (1) transported for 180 min, (2) transported for 30 min, or (3) held in pens (control) to analyze the transcriptome of stress and meat quality in goats using RNA-seq technology. Blood samples were collected before and after treatment, and meat samples were collected after humane slaughter for stress hormone, meat quality (Longissimus dorsi), and transcriptomic analysis. Plasma epinephrine concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in 180 min and 30 min groups compared to the control group; however, norepinephrine concentrations were not affected by the treatment. Muscle glycogen concentrations (15 min postmortem) were lower (P < 0.01) in both 30 min and 180 min groups compared to the control group. Calpastatin levels were higher (P < 0.01) in 180 min and 30 min groups than the control group. Warner-Bratzler shear force values of loin chops were the highest in the 180 min group (4 ± 0.15, kg), lowest in the control group (3.51 ± 0.10, kg), and intermediate in the 30 min group (3.78 ± 0.09, kg; P < 0.01) both at day 1 and day 6 aging time. Additionally, desmin levels of day 6 samples were lowest in the control group, highest in 180 min group, and intermediate in 30 min group (P < 0.05). RNA-seq results showed that a total of 10,633 genes were differentially expressed (5194 up regulated; 5439 down regulated) among all comparisons (blood and day 1 and day 6 muscle samples). Among these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), KLF9, AMPK, FOXO3, PTX3, GADD45, PTPN1, CASP7, MAPK4, HSPA12A, and JAK-STAT were probably associated with the effects of stress on skeletal muscle proteins and involved in biological process such as cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus, endoplasmic reticulum stress, insulin resistance, DNA repair, apoptosis, MAPK cascade and regulation of proteolysis. The KEGG analysis revealed that AMPK and JAK-SAT signaling pathways and autophagy were among the top 20 enriched pathways in our treatment comparisons. The results provide an understanding of the genes and pathways involved in stress responses and related changes in postmortem muscle metabolism and meat quality characteristics in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Naldurtiker
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Phaneendra Batchu
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Brou Kouakou
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Thomas H Terrill
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Arshad Shaik
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Govind Kannan
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA.
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18
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Beyzaee AM, Goldust M, Patil A, Rokni GR, Beyzaee S. The role of cytokines and vitamin D in vitiligo pathogenesis. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6314-6325. [PMID: 35871394 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a pigment-related disease with a global prevalence of 0.2% to 1.8% associated with considerable burden on quality of life. The treatment is still a challenge because of relapses and/or incomplete re-pigmentation. Although the exact cause is still unclear, its pathogenesis seems to be justifiable with the autoimmune theory, supported by the results of clinical research. In this narrative review, we aimed to summarize the evidence related to cytokines and vitiligo development. This review is consisted of English articles published in PubMed and Google Scholar concerning levels of inflammatory mediators, especially interleukins, in vitiligo patients over the last 20 years. References of relevant articles were also considered for review. Crucial role of dysregulated levels of interleukins and their synergistic function to each other, in the onset or progression of the disease is evident. The theory of autoimmune vitiligo is reinforced by the results of the studies in the literature, due to the association of pathogenesis with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduction of anti-inflammatory mediators. Decreased vitamin D levels may have a considerable role in vitiligo development by affecting Th1- and Th17-related immune responses. Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis or progression of the disease. Moreover, we believe that decreased vitamin D level has a considerable role in vitiligo development by affecting Th1- and Th17-related immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anant Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ghasem Rahmatpour Rokni
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Samira Beyzaee
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Bartziokas K, Fouka E, Loukides S, Steiropoulos P, Bakakos P, Papaioannou AI. IL-26 in the Lung and Its Role in COPD Inflammation. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12101685. [PMID: 36294822 PMCID: PMC9605572 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-26 is a cytokine expressed by infiltrating pro-inflammatory IL-17-producing T cells in the tissues of patients with chronic lung inflammation. IL-26 induces the chemotactic response of human neutrophils to bacteria and other inflammatory stimuli. In recent years, the innovative properties of IL-26 have been described. Studies have shown that, as DNA is released from damaged cells, it binds to IL-26, which plays the role of a carrier molecule for extracellular DNA, further contributing to its binding to the site of inflammation. This mechanism of action indicates that IL-26 may serve both as a driver as well as a stimulus of the inflammatory process, leading to the installation of a noxious amplification loop and, eventually, persistent inflammation. IL-26 also demonstrates direct antimicrobial effects derived from its capability to create pores and disrupt bacterial membranes, as indicated by the presence of membrane blebs on the surface of the bacteria and cytosolic leakage pores in bacterial walls, produced in response to microbial stimuli in human airways by several different immune and structural cells. Surprisingly, while this particular cytokine induces the gathering of neutrophils in areas of infection, it also exhibits inhibitory and pro-inflammatory effects on airway epithelial and immune cells. These remarkable effects underline the necessity of a better understating of its biological behavior and its role in the pathophysiology and disease burden in several smoking-related airway inflammatory disorders, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and chronic bronchitis. In this review, we aim to discuss the current role of IL-26 in the lung, with an emphasis on systemic inflammation in patients suffering from COPD and chronic bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evangelia Fouka
- Respiratory Medicine Department, George Papanikolaou Hospital, University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stelios Loukides
- 2nd Respiratory Medicine Department, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School, University General Hospital Dragana, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Petros Bakakos
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, “Sotiria” Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Andriana I. Papaioannou
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, “Sotiria” Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-21-0583-1163; Fax: +30-21-0583-1184
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20
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Abstract
Single-pass transmembrane receptors (SPTMRs) represent a diverse group of integral membrane proteins that are involved in many essential cellular processes, including signal transduction, cell adhesion, and transmembrane transport of materials. Dysregulation of the SPTMRs is linked with many human diseases. Despite extensive efforts in past decades, the mechanisms of action of the SPTMRs remain incompletely understood. One major hurdle is the lack of structures of the full-length SPTMRs in different functional states. Such structural information is difficult to obtain by traditional structural biology methods such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The recent rapid development of single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has led to an exponential surge in the number of high-resolution structures of integral membrane proteins, including SPTMRs. Cryo-EM structures of SPTMRs solved in the past few years have tremendously improved our understanding of how SPTMRs function. In this review, we will highlight these progresses in the structural studies of SPTMRs by single-particle cryo-EM, analyze important structural details of each protein involved, and discuss their implications on the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we also briefly discuss remaining challenges and exciting opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cai
- Departments of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75231, USA
| | - Xuewu Zhang
- Departments of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75231, USA
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75231, USA
- Corresponding Author: Xuewu Zhang, Department of pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Xiao-chen Bai
- Departments of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75231, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75231, USA
- Corresponding Author: Xiao-chen Bai, Department of Biophysics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
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21
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Chen J, Xu W, Li P, Song L, Jiang Y, Hao P, Gao Z, Zou W, Jin N, Li C. Antiviral Effect of pIFNLs against PEDV and VSV Infection in Different Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9661. [PMID: 36077060 PMCID: PMC9455898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III and type I interferon have similar mechanisms of action, and their different receptors lead to different distributions in tissue. On mucosal surfaces, type III interferon exhibits strong antiviral activity. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an economically important enteropathogenic coronavirus, which can cause a high incidence rate and mortality in piglets. Here, we demonstrate that porcine interferon lambda 1 (pIFNL1) and porcine interferon lambda 3 (pIFNL3) can inhibit the proliferation of vesicular stomatitis virus with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (VSV-EGFP) in different cells, and also show strong antiviral activity when PEDV infects Vero cells. Both forms of pIFNLs were shown to be better than porcine interferon alpha (pIFNα), the antiviral activity of pIFNL1 is lower than that of pIFNL3. Therefore, our results provide experimental evidence for the inhibition of PEDV infection by pIFNLs, which may provide a promising treatment for the prevention and treatment of Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Peiheng Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Lina Song
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Pengfei Hao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Zihan Gao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Wancheng Zou
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
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22
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Deltamethrin and Its Nanoformulations Induce Behavioral Alteration and Toxicity in Rat Brain through Oxidative Stress and JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10060303. [PMID: 35736911 PMCID: PMC9228259 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10060303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DM) is the most powerful synthetic pyrethroid that has toxicity to the central nervous system and results in behavioral changes in both animals and humans. This effect is mediated by inducing alterations in the action of neurotransmitters and brain pathological changes. Nanocarrier encapsulated pesticides may decrease the toxicity of pesticides. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of an inorganic metal carrier (silica Nps) and polymeric capsule (chitosan Nps) of deltamethrin nano-formulations on antioxidant levels and oxidative stress in the brain and on behavior of the male albino rat. Sixty male albino rats were equally divided into four groups. Group I: control group; group II given DM liquefied in corn oil at 3.855 mg/kg BW; group III receiving silica-loaded deltamethrin (S/DM Nps) at 8.795 mg/kg BW; and group IV: given chitosan encapsulated deltamethrin (CS/DM Nps) at 30.44 mg/kg BW. All treatments were given orally for four weeks. Following this, behavioral tests were conducted to record locomotor activity, anxiety like behaviors, exploration, and the short memory of rats. In addition, brain antioxidant/oxidant, serum neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine esterase (AchE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO), JAK2 and STAT3 gene and proteins expression were measured. The DM group showed a highly significant elevation in malondialdehyde content, MAO, AchE, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, and the expression level of neurogenic genes, JAK2 and STAT3, in comparison with the control group. Both S/DM Nps and CS/DM Nps significantly decreased MAO, AchE, and VEGF compared with the DM group. Moreover, both S/DM Nps and CS/DM Nps significantly decreased the gene and proteins expression of JAK2 and STAT3 compared with the DM group. These alterations were evidenced by the deficiency in memory and learning behaviors that were accompanied by histopathological findings of the hippocampus and the cortex. It was concluded that the nano formulations containing DM induced less neurobehavioral toxicity than free DM. Additionally, the use of nanocarriers reduced the damage to health and the environment.
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23
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Zhou Y, Li X, Shen R, Wang X, Zhang F, Liu S, Li D, Liu J, Li P, Yan Y, Dong P, Zhang Z, Wu H, Zhuang L, Chowdhury R, Miller M, Issa M, Mao Y, Chen H, Feng J, Li J, Bai C, He F, Tao W. Novel Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase 2 Pseudokinase Ligands Block Cytokine-Induced TYK2-Mediated Signaling Pathways. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884399. [PMID: 35693820 PMCID: PMC9186491 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A member of the Janus kinase (JAK) family, Tyrosine Kinase 2 (TYK2), is crucial in mediating various cytokine-signaling pathways such as interleukin-23 (IL23), interleukin-12 (IL12) and type I Interferons (IFN) which contribute to autoimmune disorders (e.g., psoriasis, lupus, and inflammatory bowel disease). Thus, TYK2 represents an attractive target to develop small-molecule therapeutics for the treatment of cytokine-driven inflammatory diseases. Selective inhibition of TYK2 over other JAK isoforms is critical to achieve a favorable therapeutic index in the development of TYK2 inhibitors. However, designing small molecule inhibitors to target the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding site of TYK2 kinase has been challenging due to the substantial structural homology of the JAK family catalytic domains. Here, we employed an approach to target the JAK homology 2 (JH2) pseudokinase regulatory domain of the TYK2 protein. We developed a series of small-molecule TYK2 pseudokinase ligands, which suppress the TYK2 catalytic activity through allosteric regulation. The TYK2 pseudokinase-binding small molecules in this study simultaneously achieve high affinity-binding for the TYK2 JH2 domain while also affording significantly reduced affinity for the TYK2 JAK homology 1 (JH1) kinase domain. These TYK2 JH2 selective molecules, although possessing little effect on suppressing the catalytic activity of the isolated TYK2 JH1 catalytic domain in the kinase assays, can still significantly block the TYK2-mediated receptor-stimulated pathways by binding to the TYK2 JH2 domain and allosterically regulating the TYK2 JH1 kinase. These compounds are potent towards human T-cell lines and primary immune cells as well as in human whole-blood specimens. Moreover, TYK2 JH2-binding ligands exhibit remarkable selectivity of TYK2 over JAK isoforms not only biochemically but also in a panel of receptor-stimulated JAK1/JAK2/JAK3-driven cellular functional assays. In addition, the TYK2 JH2-targeting ligands also demonstrate high selectivity in a multi-kinase screening panel. The data in the current study underscores that the TYK2 JH2 pseudokinase is a promising therapeutic target for achieving a high degree of biological selectivity. Meanwhile, targeting the JH2 domain represents an appealing strategy for the development of clinically well-tolerated TYK2 inhibitors that would have superior efficacy and a favorable safety profile compared to the existing Janus kinase inhibitors against autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
- *Correspondence: Yu Zhou, ; Xin Li,
| | - Xin Li
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Zhou, ; Xin Li,
| | - Ru Shen
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Xiangzhu Wang
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Fan Zhang
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Suxing Liu
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Di Li
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Puhui Li
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Yinfa Yan
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Ping Dong
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigao Zhang
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Heping Wu
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Linghang Zhuang
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | | | - Matthew Miller
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Mena Issa
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Yuchang Mao
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Feng
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- R & D Center, Eternity Bioscience Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States
| | - Chang Bai
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Feng He
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Weikang Tao
- R & D Center, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
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24
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Gu K, Wang T, Peng L, Zhao Y. FIP-fve Stimulates Cell Proliferation and Enhances IL-2 Release by Activating MAP2K3/p38α (MAPK14) Signaling Pathway in Jurkat E6-1 Cells. Front Nutr 2022; 9:881924. [PMID: 35614983 PMCID: PMC9125247 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.881924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
FIP-fve, a fungal fruiting body protein from Flammulina velutipes, has potential immunomodulatory properties. Here, we investigated the immunomodulation mechanism of FIP-fve in Jurkat E6-1 cells by conducting a cell viability assay and IL-2 release assay. Kinase inhibitors experiment and proteomics analysis were also involved in the mechanism study. It was found that FIP-fve stimulated cell proliferation and enhanced IL-2 secretion in a dose-dependent manner in Jurkat E6-1 cells. Unbiased high-throughput proteomics analysis showed that 4 T cell immune activation markers, including ZAP-70, CD69, CD82, and KIF23, were upregulated in response to FIP-fve treatment. Further pathway analysis indicated that MAP2K3/p38 pathway-related proteins, including MAP2K, p38, ELK, AATF, FOS, and JUN-B, were unregulated. In addition, losmapimod (p38 inhibitor) and gossypetin (MAP2K3 inhibitor) inhibited FIP-fve enhanced cell proliferation and IL-2 release in Jurkat E6-1 cells. Our results demonstrate that FIP-fve stimulates cell proliferation and enhances IL-2 secretion through MAP2K3/p38α activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefei Gu
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying Peng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueliang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yueliang Zhao, ;
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25
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Kostrzewa-Nowak D, Nowak R. Beep Test Does Not Induce Phosphorylation of Ras/MAPK- or JAK/STAT-Related Proteins in Peripheral Blood T Lymphocytes. Front Physiol 2022; 13:823469. [PMID: 35370792 PMCID: PMC8965037 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.823469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Th1 cell subset is involved in the immunological response induced by physical exercise. The aim of this work is to evaluate the post-effort activation of Ras/MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in T cells of young, physically active men. Seventy-six physically active, healthy men between 15 and 21 years old performed a standard physical exercise protocol (Beep test). Phosphorylation levels of Ras/MAPK-(p38 MAPK, ERK1/2) and JAK/STAT-related (STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6) proteins were evaluated by flow cytometry in Th and Tc cells post-effort and during the lactate recovery period. The performed physical effort was not a strong enough physiological stimulant to provoke the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6 in T cells, at least for the duration of our study (the end of the lactate recovery period). We conclude that more observation time-points, including shorter and longer times after the exercise, are required to determine if the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in modulating the post-effort immunological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak,
| | - Robert Nowak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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26
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Michaely LM, Rissmann M, Keller M, König R, von Arnim F, Eiden M, Rohn K, Baumgärtner W, Groschup M, Ulrich R. NSG-Mice Reveal the Importance of a Functional Innate and Adaptive Immune Response to Overcome RVFV Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020350. [PMID: 35215938 PMCID: PMC8880686 DOI: 10.3390/v14020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic disease caused by RVF Phlebovirus (RVFV). The RVFV MP-12 vaccine strain is known to exhibit residual virulence in the case of a deficient interferon type 1 response. The hypothesis of this study is that virus replication and severity of lesions induced by the MP-12 strain in immunocompromised mice depend on the specific function of the disturbed pathway. Therefore, 10 strains of mice with deficient innate immunity (B6-IFNARtmAgt, C.129S7(B6)-Ifngtm1Ts/J, B6-TLR3tm1Flv, B6-TLR7tm1Aki, NOD/ShiLtJ), helper T-cell- (CD4tm1Mak), cytotoxic T-cell- (CD8atm1Mak), B-cell- (Igh-Jtm1DhuN?+N2), combined T- and B-cell- (NU/J) and combined T-, B-, natural killer (NK) cell- and macrophage-mediated immunity (NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1WjI/SzJ (NSG) mice) were subcutaneously infected with RVFV MP-12. B6-IFNARtmAgt mice were the only strain to develop fatal disease due to RVFV-induced severe hepatocellular necrosis and apoptosis. Notably, no clinical disease and only mild multifocal hepatocellular necrosis and apoptosis were observed in NSG mice, while immunohistochemistry detected the RVFV antigen in the liver and the brain. No or low virus expression and no lesions were observed in the other mouse strains. Conclusively, the interferon type 1 response is essential for early control of RVFV replication and disease, whereas functional NK cells, macrophages and lymphocytes are essential for virus clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Mathias Michaely
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
- Center for Systems Neuroscience Hannover, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Rissmann
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.R.); (M.K.); (R.K.); (F.v.A.); (M.E.); (M.G.)
| | - Markus Keller
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.R.); (M.K.); (R.K.); (F.v.A.); (M.E.); (M.G.)
| | - Rebecca König
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.R.); (M.K.); (R.K.); (F.v.A.); (M.E.); (M.G.)
| | - Felicitas von Arnim
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.R.); (M.K.); (R.K.); (F.v.A.); (M.E.); (M.G.)
| | - Martin Eiden
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.R.); (M.K.); (R.K.); (F.v.A.); (M.E.); (M.G.)
| | - Karl Rohn
- Institute for Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
- Center for Systems Neuroscience Hannover, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-953-8620; Fax: +49-511-953-8675
| | - Martin Groschup
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; (M.R.); (M.K.); (R.K.); (F.v.A.); (M.E.); (M.G.)
| | - Reiner Ulrich
- Institute of Veterinary-Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
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27
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Degboé Y, Poupot R, Poupot M. Repolarization of Unbalanced Macrophages: Unmet Medical Need in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1496. [PMID: 35163420 PMCID: PMC8835955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and their tissue counterpart macrophages (MP) constitute the front line of the immune system. Indeed, they are able to rapidly and efficiently detect both external and internal danger signals, thereby activating the immune system to eradicate the disturbing biological, chemical, or physical agents. They are also in charge of the control of the immune response and account for the repair of the damaged tissues, eventually restoring tissue homeostasis. The balance between these dual activities must be thoroughly controlled in space and time. Any sustained unbalanced response of MP leads to pathological disorders, such as chronic inflammation, or favors cancer development and progression. In this review, we take advantage of our expertise in chronic inflammation, especially in rheumatoid arthritis, and in cancer, to highlight the pivotal role of MP in the physiopathology of these disorders and to emphasize the repolarization of unbalanced MP as a promising therapeutic strategy to control these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Degboé
- Infinity, Université Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France;
- Département de Rhumatologie, CHU Toulouse, 31029 Toulouse, France
| | - Rémy Poupot
- Infinity, Université Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France;
| | - Mary Poupot
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, 31037 Toulouse, France;
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28
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Druszczyńska M, Godkowicz M, Kulesza J, Wawrocki S, Fol M. Cytokine Receptors-Regulators of Antimycobacterial Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1112. [PMID: 35163035 PMCID: PMC8835057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine receptors are critical regulators of the antimycobacterial immune response, playing a key role in initiating and coordinating the recruitment and activation of immune cells during infection. They recognize and bind specific cytokines and are involved in inducing intracellular signal transduction pathways that regulate a diverse range of biological functions, including proliferation, differentiation, metabolism and cell growth. Due to mutations in cytokine receptor genes, defective signaling may contribute to increased susceptibility to mycobacteria, allowing the pathogens to avoid killing and immune surveillance. This paper provides an overview of cytokine receptors important for the innate and adaptive immune responses against mycobacteria and discusses the implications of receptor gene defects for the course of mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Druszczyńska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (S.W.); (M.F.)
| | - Magdalena Godkowicz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (S.W.); (M.F.)
- Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Kulesza
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Sebastian Wawrocki
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (S.W.); (M.F.)
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marek Fol
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (S.W.); (M.F.)
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29
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Gowhari Shabgah A, Abdelbasset WK, Sulaiman Rahman H, Bokov DO, Suksatan W, Thangavelu L, Ahmadi M, Malekahmadi M, Gheibihayat SM, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J. A comprehensive review of IL-26 to pave a new way for a profound understanding of the pathobiology of cancer, inflammatory diseases and infections. Immunology 2021; 165:44-60. [PMID: 34716913 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are considered vital mediators of the immune system. Down- or upregulation of these mediators is linked to several inflammatory and pathologic situations. IL-26 is referred to as an identified member of the IL-10 family and IL-20 subfamily. Due to having a unique cationic structure, IL-26 exerts diverse functions in several diseases. Since IL-26 is mainly secreted from Th17, it is primarily considered a pro-inflammatory cytokine. Upon binding to its receptor complex (IL-10R1/IL-20R2), IL-26 activates multiple signalling mediators, especially STAT1/STAT3. In cancer, IL-26 induces IL-22-producing cells, which consequently decrease cytotoxic T-cell functions and promote tumour growth through activating anti-apoptotic proteins. In hypersensitivity conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis and allergic disease, this cytokine functions primarily as the disease-promoting mediator and might be considered a biomarker for disease prognosis. Although IL-26 exerts antimicrobial function in infections such as hepatitis, tuberculosis and leprosy, it has also been shown that IL-26 might be involved in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of sepsis. Besides, the involvement of IL-26 has been confirmed in other conditions, including graft-versus-host disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, due to the multifarious function of this cytokine, it is proposed that the underlying mechanism regarding IL-26 function should be elucidated. Collectively, it is hoped that the examination of IL-26 in several contexts might be promising in predicting disease prognosis and might introduce novel approaches in the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Gowhari Shabgah
- School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Dmitry O Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha institute of medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Malekahmadi
- Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Kumar S, Çalışkan DM, Janowski J, Faist A, Conrad BCG, Lange J, Ludwig S, Brunotte L. Beyond Vaccines: Clinical Status of Prospective COVID-19 Therapeutics. Front Immunol 2021; 12:752227. [PMID: 34659259 PMCID: PMC8519339 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.752227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since November 2019 the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused nearly 200 million infection and more than 4 million deaths globally (Updated information from the World Health Organization, as on 2nd Aug 2021). Within only one year into the pandemic, several vaccines were designed and reached approval for the immunization of the world population. The remarkable protective effects of the manufactured vaccines are demonstrated in countries with high vaccination rates, such as Israel and UK. However, limited production capacities, poor distribution infrastructures and political hesitations still hamper the availability of vaccines in many countries. In addition, due to the emergency of SARS-CoV-2 variants with immune escape properties towards the vaccines the global numbers of new infections as well as patients developing severe COVID-19, remains high. New studies reported that about 8% of infected individuals develop long term symptoms with strong personal restrictions on private as well as professional level, which contributes to the long socioeconomic problems caused by this pandemic. Until today, emergency use-approved treatment options for COVID-19 are limited to the antiviral Remdesivir, a nucleoside analogue targeting the viral polymerase, the glucocorticosteroide Dexamethasone as well as neutralizing antibodies. The therapeutic benefits of these treatments are under ongoing debate and clinical studies assessing the efficiency of these treatments are still underway. To identify new therapeutic treatments for COVID-19, now and by the post-pandemic era, diverse experimental approaches are under scientific evaluation in companies and scientific research teams all over the world. To accelerate clinical translation of promising candidates, repurposing approaches of known approved drugs are specifically fostered but also novel technologies are being developed and are under investigation. This review summarizes the recent developments from the lab bench as well as the clinical status of emerging therapeutic candidates and discusses possible therapeutic entry points for the treatment strategies with regard to the biology of SARS-CoV-2 and the clinical course of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Kumar
- Institute of Virology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- EvoPAD Research Training Group 2220, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Duygu Merve Çalışkan
- Institute of Virology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- EvoPAD Research Training Group 2220, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Josua Janowski
- Institute of Virology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- SP BioSciences Graduate Program, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Aileen Faist
- Institute of Virology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- CiM-IMPRS Graduate Program, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Julius Lange
- Institute of Virology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Virology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- EvoPAD Research Training Group 2220, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- CiM-IMPRS Graduate Program, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Medical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Linda Brunotte
- Institute of Virology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Medical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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31
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Figueiredo F, Kristoffersen H, Bhat S, Zhang Z, Godfroid J, Peruzzi S, Præbel K, Dalmo RA, Xu X. Immunostimulant Bathing Influences the Expression of Immune- and Metabolic-Related Genes in Atlantic Salmon Alevins. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:980. [PMID: 34681079 PMCID: PMC8533105 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Disease resistance of fish larvae may be improved by bath treatment in water containing immunostimulants. Pattern recognition receptors, such as TLR3, TLR7, and MDA5, work as an "early warning" to induce intracellular signaling and facilitate an antiviral response. A single bath of newly hatched larvae, with Astragalus, upregulated the expression of IFNα, IFNc, ISG15, MDA5, PKR, STAT1, TLR3, and TLR7 immune genes, on day 4 post treatment. Similar patterns were observed for Hyaluronic acid and Poly I:C. Increased expression was observed for ISG15, MDA5, MX, STAT1, TLR3, TLR7, and RSAD2, on day 9 for Imiquimod. Metabolic gene expression was stimulated on day 1 after immunostimulant bath in ULK1, MYC, SLC2A1, HIF1A, MTOR, and SIX1, in Astragalus, Hyaluronic acid, and Imiquimod. Expression of NOS2 in Poly I:C was an average fourfold above that of control at the same timepoint. Throughout the remaining sampling days (2, 4, 9, 16, 32, and 45 days post immunostimulant bath), NOS2 and IL1B were consistently overexpressed. In conclusion, the immunostimulants induced antiviral gene responses, indicating that a single bath at an early life stage could enable a more robust antiviral defense in fish. Additionally, it was demonstrated, based on gene expression data, that cell metabolism was perturbed, where several metabolic genes were co-regulated with innate antiviral genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Figueiredo
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.K.); (S.B.); (K.P.); (X.X.)
| | - Harald Kristoffersen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.K.); (S.B.); (K.P.); (X.X.)
| | - Shripathi Bhat
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.K.); (S.B.); (K.P.); (X.X.)
| | - Zuobing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
| | - Jacques Godfroid
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway; (J.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefano Peruzzi
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway; (J.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Kim Præbel
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.K.); (S.B.); (K.P.); (X.X.)
| | - Roy Ambli Dalmo
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.K.); (S.B.); (K.P.); (X.X.)
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.K.); (S.B.); (K.P.); (X.X.)
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Supruniuk K, Radziejewska I. MUC1 is an oncoprotein with a significant role in apoptosis (Review). Int J Oncol 2021; 59:68. [PMID: 34278474 PMCID: PMC8360618 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a membrane-bound, highly glycosylated protein that is overexpressed in all stages of malignant transformation. Overexpression of MUC1 together with loss of polarization and hypoglycosylation are associated with resistance to apoptosis, which is the process that results in efficient removal of damaged cells. Inhibition of the apoptotic process is responsible for tumor development, tumor progression and drug resistance. MUC1 is considered as an oncogenic molecule that is involved in various signaling pathways responsible for the regulation of apoptosis. Based on this, the aim of the present study was to discuss the involvement of MUC1 in the divergent mechanisms regulating programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Supruniuk
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, 15‑222 Białystok, Poland
| | - Iwona Radziejewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, 15‑222 Białystok, Poland
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33
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Desale SE, Chidambaram H, Chinnathambi S. G-protein coupled receptor, PI3K and Rho signaling pathways regulate the cascades of Tau and amyloid-β in Alzheimer's disease. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2021; 2:17. [PMID: 35006431 PMCID: PMC8607389 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the presence of amyloid-β plaques in the extracellular environment and aggregates of Tau protein that forms neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in neuronal cells. Along with these pathological proteins, the disease shows neuroinflammation, neuronal death, impairment in the immune function of microglia and synaptic loss, which are mediated by several important signaling pathways. The PI3K/Akt-mediated survival-signaling pathway is activated by many receptors such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor. The signaling pathway not only increases the survival of neurons but also regulates inflammation, phagocytosis, cellular protection, Tau phosphorylation and Aβ secretion as well. In this review, we focused on receptors, which activate PI3K/Akt pathway and its potential to treat Alzheimer's disease. Among several membrane receptors, GPCRs are the major drug targets for therapy, and GPCR signaling pathways are altered during Alzheimer's disease. Several GPCRs are involved in the pathogenic progression, phosphorylation of Tau protein by activation of various cellular kinases and are involved in the amyloidogenic pathway of amyloid-β synthesis. Apart from various GPCR signaling pathways, GPCR regulating/ interacting proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. These include several small GTPases, Ras homolog enriched in brain, GPCR associated sorting proteins, β-arrestins, etc., that play a critical role in disease progression and has been elaborated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Eknath Desale
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Hariharakrishnan Chidambaram
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Hawerkamp HC, Domdey A, Radau L, Sewerin P, Oláh P, Homey B, Meller S. Tofacitinib downregulates antiviral immune defence in keratinocytes and reduces T cell activation. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:144. [PMID: 34020693 PMCID: PMC8138978 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tofacitinib is a novel Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ulcerative colitis. In clinical trials, the most common adverse events observed were nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infections, and zoster. JAKs are found downstream of the type II cytokine receptor family used by a number of TH17 cell-associated cytokines for signal transduction. These cytokines lead to the secretion of antiviral and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) by keratinocytes or synoviocytes. Blocking the JAK pathway might result in a diminished secretion of antimicrobial and antiviral peptides causing higher susceptibility to infections in patients treated with JAK inhibitors. METHODS We treated primary human keratinocytes and synoviocytes with tofacitinib and subsequently added various cytokines and bacterial surface proteins before evaluation of the response via RT-qPCR. CD69 expression on tofacitinib-treated PBMCs was investigated via flow cytometry. RESULTS We found a markedly reduced gene expression of all tested antiviral peptides such as MX1 or ISG15 in keratinocytes and synoviocytes in the presence of tofacitinib in vitro. Additionally, we found that JAK inhibition reduced activation of T cells after stimulation with bacterial LPS or viral VZV gE. CONCLUSIONS The antiviral immunity is strongly inhibited in the presence of tofacitinib in vitro, while the antimicrobial immunity does not seem to be affected. In T cells, the overall activation process seems to be influenced by tofacitinib. These findings suggest that tofacitinib has an impact on antiviral immunity such as patients treated with tofacitinib often show adverse events like herpes zoster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike C Hawerkamp
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alina Domdey
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Radau
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Sewerin
- Department and Hiller Research Unit for Rheumatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Péter Oláh
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Meller
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Nailwal NP, Doshi GM. Role of intracellular signaling pathways and their inhibitors in the treatment of inflammation. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:617-640. [PMID: 34002330 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is not only a defense mechanism of the innate immune system against invaders, but it is also involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, diabetes, epilepsy, and many neurodegenerative disorders. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports worldwide estimates of people (9.6% in males and 18.0% in females) aged over 60 years, suffering from symptomatic osteoarthritis, and around 339 million suffering from asthma. Other chronic inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are also highly prevalent. The existing anti-inflammatory agents, both non-steroidal and steroidal, are highly effective; however, their prolonged use is marred by the severity of associated side effects. A holistic approach to ensure patient compliance requires understanding the pathophysiology of inflammation and exploring new targets for drug development. In this regard, various intracellular cell signaling pathways and their signaling molecules have been identified to be associated with inflammation. Therefore, chemical inhibitors of these pathways may be potential candidates for novel anti-inflammatory drug approaches. This review focuses on the anti-inflammatory effect of these inhibitors (for JAK/STAT, MAPK, and mTOR pathways) describing their mechanism of action through literature search, current patents, and molecules under clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata P Nailwal
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mithibai Campus, Vile Parle (W), V. M. Road, 400056, Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav M Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mithibai Campus, Vile Parle (W), V. M. Road, 400056, Mumbai, India.
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Gao S, Li Y, Xiao D, Zhou M, Cai X, Lin Y. Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids Induce Immune Tolerance and Prevent the Onset of Type 1 Diabetes. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4437-4446. [PMID: 33955221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A failure in immune tolerance leads to autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β-cells, leading to type 1 diabetes (T1D). Inhibiting autoreactive T cells and inducing regulatory T cells (Tregs) to re-establish immune tolerance are promising approaches to prevent the onset of T1D. Here, we investigated the ability of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) to induce immune tolerance and prevent T1D in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. In prediabetic NOD mice, tFNAs treatment led to maintenance of normoglycemia and reduced incidence of diabetes. Moreover, the tFNAs (250 nM) treatment preserved the mass and function of β-cells, increased the frequency of Tregs, and suppressed autoreactive T cells, leading to immune tolerance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that tFNAs treatment aids glycemic control, provides β-cell protection, and prevents the onset of T1D in NOD mice by immunomodulation. These results highlight the potential of tFNAs for the prevention of autoimmune T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojingya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yanjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Dexuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Kim DH, Park BJ, Ahn HS, Go HJ, Kim DY, Kim JH, Lee JB, Park SY, Song CS, Lee SW, Choi IS. Canine interferon lambda 3 expressed using an adenoviral vector effectively induces antiviral activity against canine influenza virus. Virus Res 2021; 296:198342. [PMID: 33607185 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-lambda (IFN-λ) is a type-III IFN and is considered a candidate of antiviral therapeutics. Although the antiviral effects of IFN-λ have been investigated in several studies, it has not been clinically approved as an antiviral agent. In this study, an adenoviral vector expression system employing a tetracycline-operator system was developed to control the expression of canine IFN-λ3. The antiviral effects of canine IFN-λ3 were determined in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and canine tracheal epithelial cells. After transducing each cell line with recombinant adenovirus containing canine interferon lambda3 gene (Ad-caIFNλ3), the mRNA-expression of interferon-stimulated genes Mx1, ISG15, and OAS1 increased significantly (P < 0.05). The replication of canine influenza virus (CIV) was significantly suppressed in Ad-caIFNλ3-infected cells. These results indicate that the newly constructed adenoviral vector system could express canine IFN-λ3, which could subsequently inhibit CIV replication in two canine cell lines. These data imply that the recombinant Ad-caIFNλ3 can potentially be used to treat canine influenza and other viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hwi Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seop Ahn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Go
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Yoon Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Bok Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Choi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Yates M, Mootoo A, Adas M, Bechman K, Rampes S, Patel V, Qureshi S, Cope AP, Norton S, Galloway JB. Venous Thromboembolism Risk With JAK Inhibitors: A Meta-Analysis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:779-788. [PMID: 33174384 DOI: 10.1002/art.41580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE JAK inhibitor therapies are effective treatment options for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), but their use has been limited by venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk warnings from licensing authorities. We undertook this study to evaluate the VTE risk of JAK inhibitors in patients with IMIDs. METHODS Systematic searches of Medline and Embase databases from inception to September 30, 2020 were conducted. Phase II and phase III double-blind, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of JAK inhibitors at licensed doses were included in our analyses. RCTs with no placebo arm, long-term extension studies, post hoc analyses, and pooled analyses were excluded. Three researchers independently extracted data on exposure to JAK inhibitors or placebo and VTE events (e.g., pulmonary embolism [PE] and deep vein thrombosis [DVT]) and assessed study quality. RESULTS A total of 42 studies were included, from an initial search that yielded 619. There were 6,542 JAK inhibitor patient exposure years (PEYs) compared to 1,578 placebo PEYs. There were 15 VTE events in the JAK inhibitor group and 4 in the placebo group. The pooled incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of VTE, PE, and DVT in patients receiving JAK inhibitors were 0.68 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.36-1.29), 0.44 (95% CI 0.28-0.70), and 0.59 (95% CI 0.31-1.15), respectively. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis of RCT data defines the VTE risk with JAK inhibitors as a class in IMID patients. The pooled IRRs do not provide evidence that support the current warnings of VTE risk for JAK inhibitors. These findings will aid continued development of clinical guidelines for the use of JAK inhibitors in IMIDs.
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Megalocytivirus Induces Complicated Fish Immune Response at Multiple RNA Levels Involving mRNA, miRNA, and circRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063156. [PMID: 33808870 PMCID: PMC8003733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Megalocytivirus is an important viral pathogen to many farmed fishes, including Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). In this study, we examined megalocytivirus-induced RNA responses in the spleen of flounder by high-throughput sequencing and integrative analysis of various RNA-seq data. A total of 1327 microRNAs (miRNAs), including 368 novel miRNAs, were identified, among which, 171 (named DEmiRs) exhibited significantly differential expressions during viral infection in a time-dependent manner. For these DEmiRs, 805 differentially expressed target mRNAs (DETmRs) were predicted, whose expressions not only significantly changed after megalocytivirus infection but were also negatively correlated with their paired DEmiRs. Integrative analysis of immune-related DETmRs and their target DEmiRs identified 12 hub DEmiRs, which, together with their corresponding DETmRs, formed an interaction network containing 84 pairs of DEmiR and DETmR. In addition to DETmRs, 19 DEmiRs were also found to regulate six key immune genes (mRNAs) differentially expressed during megalocytivirus infection, and together they formed a network consisting of 21 interactive miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) pairs. Further analysis identified 9434 circular RNAs (circRNAs), 169 of which (named DEcircRs) showed time-specific and significantly altered expressions during megalocytivirus infection. Integrated analysis of the DETmR-DEmiR and DEcircR-DEmiR interactions led to the identification of a group of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) constituted by interacting triplets of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA involved in antiviral immunity. Together these results indicate that complicated regulatory networks of different types of non-coding RNAs and coding RNAs are involved in megalocytivirus infection.
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Chauhan P, Nair A, Patidar A, Dandapat J, Sarkar A, Saha B. A primer on cytokines. Cytokine 2021; 145:155458. [PMID: 33581983 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are pleiotropic polypeptides that control the development of and responses mediated by immune cells. Cytokine classification predominantly relies on [1] the target receptor(s), [2] the primary structural features of the extracellular domains of their receptors, and [3] their receptor composition. Functionally, cytokines are either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory, hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors, developmental and would healing maintaining immune homeostasis. When the balance in C can form complex networks amongst themselves that may affect the homeostasis and diseases. Cytokines can affect resistance and susceptibility for many diseases and their availability in the host cytokine production and interaction is disturbed, immunopathogenesis sets in. Therefore, cytokine-targeting bispecific, and chimeric antibodies form a significant mode of immnuo-therapeutics Although the field has grown deep and wide, many areas of cytokine biology remain unknown. Here, we have reviewed these cytokines along with the organization, signaling, and functions through respective cytokine-receptor-families. Being part of the special issue on the Role of Cytokines in Leishmaniasis, this review is intended to be used as an organized primer on cytokines and not a resource for detailed discussion- for which a two-volume Handbook of cytokines is available- on each of the cytokines. Priming the readers on cytokines, we next brief the role of cytokines in Leishmaniasis. In the brief, we do not provide an account of each of the involved cytokines known to date, instead, we offer a temporal relationship between the cytokines and the progress of the infection towards the alternate outcomes- healing or non-healing- of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Chauhan
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Arathi Nair
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Ashok Patidar
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, India
| | - Arup Sarkar
- Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India; Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India; Department of Allied Health Sciences, BLDE (Deemed University), Vijayapura 562135, India.
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Wittling MC, Cahalan SR, Levenson EA, Rabin RL. Shared and Unique Features of Human Interferon-Beta and Interferon-Alpha Subtypes. Front Immunol 2021; 11:605673. [PMID: 33542718 PMCID: PMC7850986 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.605673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-I) were first discovered as an antiviral factor by Isaacs and Lindenmann in 1957, but they are now known to also modulate innate and adaptive immunity and suppress proliferation of cancer cells. While much has been revealed about IFN-I, it remains a mystery as to why there are 16 different IFN-I gene products, including IFNβ, IFNω, and 12 subtypes of IFNα. Here, we discuss shared and unique aspects of these IFN-I in the context of their evolution, expression patterns, and signaling through their shared heterodimeric receptor. We propose that rather than investigating responses to individual IFN-I, these contexts can serve as an alternative approach toward investigating roles for IFNα subtypes. Finally, we review uses of IFNα and IFNβ as therapeutic agents to suppress chronic viral infections or to treat multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronald L. Rabin
- Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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Nogueira M, Puig L, Torres T. JAK Inhibitors for Treatment of Psoriasis: Focus on Selective TYK2 Inhibitors. Drugs 2020; 80:341-352. [PMID: 32020553 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-020-01261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of psoriasis, there is an unmet need for effective and safe oral treatments. The Janus Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway plays a significant role in intracellular signalling of cytokines of numerous cellular processes, important in both normal and pathological states of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Particularly in psoriasis, where the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis is currently considered the crucial pathogenic pathway, blocking the JAK-STAT pathway with small molecules would be expected to be clinically effective. However, relative non-specificity and low therapeutic index of the available JAK inhibitors have delayed their integration into the therapeutic armamentarium of psoriasis. Current research appears to be focused on Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), the first described member of the JAK family. Data from the Phase II trial of BMS-986165-a selective TYK2 inhibitor-in psoriasis have been published and clinical results are encouraging, with a large Phase III programme ongoing. Further, the selective TYK2 inhibitor PF-06826647 is being tested in moderate-to-severe psoriasis in a Phase II clinical trial. Brepocitinib, a potent TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor, is also being evaluated, as both oral and topical treatment. Results of studies with TYK2 inhibitors will be important in assessing the clinical efficacy and safety of these drugs and their place in the therapeutic armamentarium of psoriasis. This article reviews current data on the impact of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Nogueira
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tiago Torres
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Mossner S, Kuchner M, Fazel Modares N, Knebel B, Al-Hasani H, Floss DM, Scheller J. Synthetic interleukin 22 (IL-22) signaling reveals biological activity of homodimeric IL-10 receptor 2 and functional cross-talk with the IL-6 receptor gp130. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:12378-12397. [PMID: 32611765 PMCID: PMC7458808 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine signaling is transmitted by cell-surface receptors that function as biological switches controlling mainly immune-related processes. Recently, we have designed synthetic cytokine receptors (SyCyRs) consisting of GFP and mCherry nanobodies fused to transmembrane and intracellular domains of cytokine receptors that phenocopy cytokine signaling induced by nonphysiological homo- and heterodimeric GFP-mCherry ligands. Interleukin 22 (IL-22) signals via both IL-22 receptor α1 (IL-22Rα1) and the common IL-10R2, belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family, and is critically involved in tissue regeneration. Here, IL-22 SyCyRs phenocopied native IL-22 signal transduction, indicated by induction of cytokine-dependent cellular proliferation, signal transduction, and transcriptome analysis. Whereas homodimeric IL-22Rα1 SyCyRs failed to activate signaling, homodimerization of the second IL-22 signaling chain, SyCyR(IL-10R2), which previously was considered not to induce signal transduction, led to induction of signal transduction. Interestingly, the SyCyR(IL-10R2) and SyCyR(IL-22Rα1) constructs could form functional heterodimeric receptor signaling complexes with the synthetic IL-6 receptor chain SyCyR(gp130). In summary, we have demonstrated that IL-22 signaling can be phenocopied by synthetic cytokine receptors, identified a functional IL-10R2 homodimeric receptor complex, and uncovered broad receptor cross-talk of IL-22Rα1 and IL-20R2 with gp130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Mossner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcus Kuchner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nastaran Fazel Modares
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Birgit Knebel
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Wu Q, Ning X, Jiang S, Sun L. Transcriptome analysis reveals seven key immune pathways of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) involved in megalocytivirus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:150-158. [PMID: 32413472 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Megalocytivirus is a serious viral pathogen to many farmed fish including Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). In this study, in order to systematically identify host immune genes induced by megalocytivirus infection, we examined the transcription profiles of flounder infected by megalocytivirus for 2, 6, and 8 days. Compared with uninfected fish, virus-infected fish exhibited 1242 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 225, 275, and 877 DEGs occurring at 2, 6, and 8 days post infection, respectively. Of these DEGs, 728 were upregulated and 659 were downregulated. The majority of DEGs were time-specific and formed four distinct expression profiles well correlated with the time of infection. The DEGs were classified into diverse Gene Ontology (GO) functional terms and enriched in 27 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, approximately one third of which were related to immunity. Weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify 16 key immune DEGs belonging to seven immune pathways (RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, TLR signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, phagosome, apoptosis, and p53 signaling pathway). These pathways interacted extensively and formed complicated networks. This study provided a global picture of megalocytivirus-induced gene expression profiles of flounder at the transcriptome level and uncovered a set of key immune genes and pathways closely linked to megalocytivirus infection. These results provided a set of targets for future delineation of the key factors implicated in the anti-megalocytivirus immunity of flounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xianhui Ning
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Ahn D, Prince A. Participation of the IL-10RB Related Cytokines, IL-22 and IFN-λ in Defense of the Airway Mucosal Barrier. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:300. [PMID: 32637365 PMCID: PMC7318800 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelial barrier is a major barrier protecting against clinically significant infections of the lung. Its integrity is often compromised due to mechanical, chemical, or infectious causes. Opportunistic bacterial pathogens are poised to cause parenchymal infection and become difficult to eradicate due to adaptive metabolic changes, biofilm formation, and the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance and fitness genes. Enhancing mucosal defenses by modulating the cytokines that regulate barrier functions, such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) and interferon-λ (IFN-λ), members of the IL-10 family of cytokines, is an attractive approach to prevent these infections that are associated with high morbidity and mortality. These cytokines both signal through the cognate receptor IL-10RB, have related protein structures and common downstream signaling suggesting shared roles in host respiratory defense. They are typically co-expressed in multiple models of infections, but with differing kinetics. IL-22 has an important role in the producing antimicrobial peptides, upregulating expression of junctional proteins in the airway epithelium and working in concert with other inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17. Conversely, IFN-λ, a potent antiviral in influenza infection with pro-inflammatory properties, appears to decrease junctional integrity allowing for bacterial and immune cell translocation. The effects of these cytokines are pleotropic, with pathogen and tissue specific consequences. Understanding how these cytokines work in the mucosal defenses of the respiratory system may suggest potential targets to prevent invasive infections of the damaged lung.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Targeting adenosinergic pathway and adenosine A 2A receptor signaling for the treatment of COVID-19: A hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110012. [PMID: 32590324 PMCID: PMC7303042 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The most serious health issue today is the rapid outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). More than 6,973,427 confirmed cases were diagnosed in nearly 213 countries and territories around the world and two international conveyances, causing globally over 400,000 deaths. Epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients have been identified, but the factors influencing the immune system against COVID-19 have not been well established. Upon infection or cell damage, high amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are released from damaged cells, which serve as mediators of inflammation through purinergic cell surface receptor signaling. As a protective mechanism to prevent excessive damage to host tissue, adenosine counteracts ATP's effects by adenosine receptor stimulation to suppress the pro-inflammatory response. Adenosine is seen as a major obstacle to the efficacy of immune therapies, and the adenosinergic axis components are critical therapeutic targets for cancer and microbial infections. Pharmacologic inhibitors or antibodies specific to adenosinergic pathway components or adenosine receptors in microbial and tumor therapy have shown efficacy in pre-clinical studies and are entering the clinical arena. In this review, we provide a novel hypothesis explaining the potential for improving the efficiency of innate and adaptive immune systems by targeting adenosinergic pathway components and adenosine A2A receptor signaling for the treatment of COVID-19.
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TYK2 in Tumor Immunosurveillance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010150. [PMID: 31936322 PMCID: PMC7017180 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the history of the tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) as the founding member of the Janus kinase (JAK) family and outline its structure-function relation. Gene-targeted mice and hereditary defects of TYK2 in men have established the biological and pathological functions of TYK2 in innate and adaptive immune responses to infection and cancer and in (auto-)inflammation. We describe the architecture of the main cytokine receptor families associated with TYK2, which activate signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). We summarize the cytokine receptor activities with well characterized dependency on TYK2, the types of cells that respond to cytokines and TYK2 signaling-induced cytokine production. TYK2 may drive beneficial or detrimental activities, which we explain based on the concepts of tumor immunoediting and the cancer-immunity cycle in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we summarize current knowledge of TYK2 functions in mouse models of tumor surveillance. The biology and biochemistry of JAKs, TYK2-dependent cytokines and cytokine signaling in tumor surveillance are well covered in recent reviews and the oncogenic properties of TYK2 are reviewed in the recent Special Issue ‘Targeting STAT3 and STAT5 in Cancer’ of Cancers.
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Ye Z, Zhao L, Gao Q, Jiang Y, Jiang Z, Chu CQ. Analysis of IL-22 and Th22 Cells by Flow Cytometry in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2108:29-42. [PMID: 31939168 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0247-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-22 belongs to the IL-10 family of cytokines. IL-22 exerts its biological effects via members of the cytokine receptor family class 2. CD4+ T helper (Th) cells predominantly producing IL-22 have been designated as Th22 cells. IL-22/Th22 cells are functionally related to IL-17/Th17 cells, but are distinctly different. Both IL-22 and IL-17 are cytokines recruiting neutrophils in response to microbe invasion. In chronic inflammation, IL-22 mediates protective and regenerative processes, whereas IL-17 cytokines tend to induce inflammation. Studies found that increased IL-22 levels and Th22 cells in peripheral blood were associated with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but decreased IL-22 and Th22 cells were also reported. Here we describe analysis of IL-22 and Th22 cells in peripheral blood quantified by flow cytometry, and correlate our findings with SLE disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenyu Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cong-Qiu Chu
- Division of Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Section of Rheumatology, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.
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IL-6 Negatively Regulates IL-22R α Expression on Epidermal Keratinocytes: Implications for Irritant Contact Dermatitis. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:6276254. [PMID: 31781680 PMCID: PMC6875369 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6276254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD) is characterized by epidermal hyperplasia and inflammatory cytokine release. IL-6 has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of ICD; however, the involvement of the IL-22/IL-22Rα axis and its relation to IL-6 in the inflammatory response following irritant exposure are unknown. Using a chemical model of ICD, it was observed that mice with a keratinocyte-specific knockout of IL-6Rα (IL-6RαΔker) presented with increased inflammation and IL-22Rα and IL-22 protein expression relative to WT following irritant exposure, indicating that IL-6Rα deficiency in epidermal keratinocytes leads to the upregulation of IL-22Rα and its ligand during ICD. Furthermore, it was shown that IL-6 negatively regulates the expression of IL-22Rα on epidermal keratinocytes. This effect is functional as the effects of IL-22 on keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation were markedly reduced when keratinocytes were pretreated with IL-6 prior to IL-22 treatment. These results show that IL-6 modulates the IL-22/IL-22Rα axis in the skin and suggest that this occurrence may be associated with the increased epidermal hyperplasia and exacerbated inflammatory response observed in IL-6RαΔker mice during ICD.
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Dey A, Barik D. Dichotomous Nature of Bistability Generated by Negative Cooperativity in Receptor-Ligand Binding. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:1294-1302. [PMID: 31132851 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Positive cooperativity in receptor-ligand binding plays an important role in cell signaling as it generates an ultrasensitive response, a requirement for nonlinear phenomena such as bistability and oscillations in feedback regulated reaction networks. On the other hand, negative cooperativity typically produces a hyperbolic response and is thus less explored. However, recently negative cooperativity was shown to generate an ultrasensitive response under the condition of strong ligand affinity. In this work, we have used mathematical modeling to investigate the effect of negative cooperativity in receptor-ligand interaction on the bistability in a positive feedback regulatory motif. We systematically investigated the effect of negative cooperativity, modifying the two equilibrium constants of the receptor-ligand binding, on the robustness and tunability of bistability. We show that in the regime where negative cooperativity exhibits robust bistability, positive cooperativity results in poor bistability and vice versa. Further we find that the robustness and tunability of bistability depend crucially on the stability of singly and doubly engaged receptors. Our modeling highlights the ability of negative cooperativity to produce complex phenomena with potential applications in designing synthetic devices or in explaining experimental observations in cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Dey
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Central University
P.O., Hyderabad, 500046 Telangana, India
| | - Debashis Barik
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Central University
P.O., Hyderabad, 500046 Telangana, India
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