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Ma C, Luo C, Deng F, Yu C, Chen Y, Zhong G, Zhan Y, Nie L, Huang Y, Xia Y, Cai Z, Xu K, Cai H, Wang F, Lu Z, Zeng X, Zhu Y, Liu S. Major vault protein directly enhances adaptive immunity induced by Influenza A virus or indirectly through innate immunity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167441. [PMID: 39069011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
As we previously revealed, major vault protein (MVP) is a virus-induced host factor, and its expression is crucial for innate immune responses. Nevertheless, the function of MVP in adaptive immunity is poorly known. Here, we demonstrate that Mvp knockout mice had attenuated antibody responses and reduced survival after rechallenge with homologous influenza A virus (IAV) relative to wild-type mice. Analysis of B cell populations showed that MVP promoted germinal center (GC) responses to develop optimal antiviral humoral immunity. Although MVP-deficient T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) were not intrinsically damaged, MVP promoted activating effector T cells and T follicular helper responses and regulated specific DC subsets. These findings suggest that MVP directs an effective adaptive immune response against IAV by directly engaging in GC reactions or indirectly augmenting cellular immunity via innate immune pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chuanjin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feiyan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yumeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Gechang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yuxin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Longyu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yongfang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zeng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhibing Lu
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiangtai Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Department of General Surgery, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China.
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2
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Deguine J, Xavier RJ. B cell tolerance and autoimmunity: Lessons from repertoires. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231314. [PMID: 39093312 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immune cell function is regulated by a highly diverse receptor recombined from variable germline-encoded segments that can recognize an almost unlimited array of epitopes. While this diversity enables the recognition of any pathogen, it also poses a risk of self-recognition, leading to autoimmunity. Many layers of regulation are present during both the generation and activation of B cells to prevent this phenomenon, although they are evidently imperfect. In recent years, our ability to analyze immune repertoires at scale has drastically increased, both through advances in sequencing and single-cell analyses. Here, we review the current knowledge on B cell repertoire analyses, focusing on their implication for autoimmunity. These studies demonstrate that a failure of tolerance occurs at multiple independent checkpoints in different autoimmune contexts, particularly during B cell maturation, plasmablast differentiation, and within germinal centers. These failures are marked by distinct repertoire features that may be used to identify disease- or patient-specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Deguine
- Immunology Program, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard , Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Immunology Program, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard , Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Han XQ, Cui ZW, Ma ZY, Wang J, Hu YZ, Li J, Ye JM, Tafalla C, Zhang YA, Zhang XJ. Phagocytic Plasma Cells in Teleost Fish Provide Insights into the Origin and Evolution of B Cells in Vertebrates. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:730-742. [PMID: 38984862 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Teleost IgM+ B cells can phagocytose, like mammalian B1 cells, and secrete Ag-specific IgM, like mammalian B2 cells. Therefore, teleost IgM+ B cells may have the functions of both mammalian B1 and B2 cells. To support this view, we initially found that grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) IgM+ plasma cells (PCs) exhibit robust phagocytic ability, akin to IgM+ naive B cells. Subsequently, we sorted grass carp IgM+ PCs into two subpopulations: nonphagocytic (Pha-IgM+ PCs) and phagocytic IgM+ PCs (Pha+IgM+ PCs), both of which demonstrated the capacity to secrete natural IgM with LPS and peptidoglycan binding capacity. Remarkably, following immunization of grass carp with an Ag, we observed that both Pha-IgM+ PCs and Pha+IgM+ PCs could secrete Ag-specific IgM. Furthermore, in vitro concatenated phagocytosis experiments in which Pha-IgM+ PCs from an initial phagocytosis experiment were sorted and exposed again to beads confirmed that these cells also have phagocytic capabilities, thereby suggesting that all teleost IgM+ B cells have phagocytic potential. Additionally, we found that grass carp IgM+ PCs display classical phenotypic features of macrophages, providing support for the hypothesis that vertebrate B cells evolved from ancient phagocytes. These findings together reveal that teleost B cells are a primitive B cell type with functions reminiscent of both mammalian B1 and B2 cells, providing insights into the origin and evolution of B cells in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Han
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zi-You Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Zhen Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Science and Medicine, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, MI
| | - Jian-Min Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Nguyen AA, Platt CD. Flow Cytometry-based Immune Phenotyping of T and B Lymphocytes in the Evaluation of Immunodeficiency and Immune Dysregulation. Clin Lab Med 2024; 44:479-493. [PMID: 39089753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
There are approximately 500 congenital disorders that impair immune cell development and/or function. Patients with these disorders may present with a wide range of symptoms, including increased susceptibility to infection, autoimmunity, autoinflammation, lymphoproliferation, and/or atopy. Flow cytometry-based immune phenotyping of T and B lymphocytes plays an essential role in the evaluation of patients with these presentations. In this review, we describe the clinical utility of flow cytometry as part of a comprehensive evaluation of immune function and how this testing may be used as a diagnostic tool to identify underlying aberrant immune pathways, monitor disease activity, and assess infection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan A Nguyen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Fegan Building 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Craig D Platt
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1 Blackfan Circle, Karp Building 10th Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Liu M. Effector and regulatory B-cell imbalance in systemic sclerosis: cooperation or competition? Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:2783-2789. [PMID: 39080112 PMCID: PMC11330388 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-07086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
B cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Most B-cell studies have focused on their pathological role as antibody producers. However, in addition to immunoglobulin secretion, these cells have a wide range of functions in the immune response, including antigen presentation to T cells and cytokine production. Importantly, not all B-cell subsets promote the immune response. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) attenuate inflammation and contribute to the maintenance of immune tolerance. However, effector B cells (Beffs) positively modulate the immune response through the production of various cytokines. In SSc, Bregs are insufficient and/or dysfunctional. B-cell-targeting biologics have been trialled with promising results in the treatment of SSc. These therapies can affect Bregs or Beffs, which can potentially limit their long-term efficacy. Future strategies might involve the modulation of effector B cells in combination with the stimulation of regulatory subsets. Additionally, the monitoring of individual B-cell subsets in patients may lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers that could help predict disease relapse or progression. The purpose of this review is to summarize the relevant literatures and explain how Bregs and Beffs jointly participate in the pathogenesis of SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengguo Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, the 12Th Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Rohrbacher S, Seefried S, Hartmannsberger B, Annabelle R, Appeltshauser L, Arlt FA, Brämer D, Dresel C, Dorst J, Elmas Z, Franke C, Geis C, Högen T, Krause S, Marziniak M, Mäurer M, Prüss H, Schoeberl F, Schrank B, Steen C, Teichtinger H, Thieme A, Wessely L, Zernecke A, Sommer C, Doppler K. Different Patterns of Autoantibody Secretion by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Autoimmune Nodopathies. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2024; 11:e200295. [PMID: 39173087 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Autoimmune nodopathies with antibodies against the paranodal proteins show a distinct phenotype of a severe sensorimotor neuropathy. In some patients, complete remission can be achieved after treatment with rituximab whereas others show a chronic course. For optimal planning of treatment, predicting the course of disease and therapeutic response is crucial. METHODS We stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro to find out whether secretion of specific autoantibodies may be a predictor of the course of disease and response to rituximab. RESULTS Three patterns could be identified: In most patients with anti-Neurofascin-155-, anti-Contactin-1-, and anti-Caspr1-IgG4 autoantibodies, in vitro production of autoantibodies was detected, indicating autoantigen-specific memory B cells and short-lived plasma cells/plasmablasts as the major source of autoantibodies. These patients generally showed a good response to rituximab. In a subgroup of patients with anti-Neurofascin-155-IgG4 autoantibodies and insufficient response to rituximab, no in vitro autoantibody production was found despite high serum titers, indicating autoantibody secretion by long-lived plasma cells outside the peripheral blood. In the patients with anti-pan-Neurofascin autoantibodies-all with a monophasic course of disease-no in vitro autoantibody production could be measured, suggesting a lack of autoantigen-specific memory B cells. In some of them, autoantibody production by unstimulated cells was detectable, presumably corresponding to high amounts of autoantigen-specific plasmablasts-well in line with a severe but monophasic course of disease. DISCUSSION Our data suggest that different B-cell responses may occur in autoimmune nodopathies and may serve as markers of courses of disease and response to rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Rohrbacher
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Sabine Seefried
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Beate Hartmannsberger
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Rosa Annabelle
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Luise Appeltshauser
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Friederike A Arlt
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Dirk Brämer
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Christian Dresel
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Johannes Dorst
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Zeynep Elmas
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Christiana Franke
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Christian Geis
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Tobias Högen
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Sabine Krause
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Martin Marziniak
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Mathias Mäurer
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Harald Prüss
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Florian Schoeberl
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Bertold Schrank
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Claudia Steen
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Helena Teichtinger
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Andrea Thieme
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Lena Wessely
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Claudia Sommer
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
| | - Kathrin Doppler
- From the Department of Neurology (S.R., S.S., B.H., L.A., C. Sommer, K.D.); Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Centre for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine (B.H.); Institute of Experimental Biomedicine (R.A., A.Z.), University Hospital Würzburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin (F.A.A., H.P.); Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin; Section Translational Neuroimmunology (D.B., C.G.), Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital; Department of Neurology (C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., Z.E.), University Hospital Ulm; Department of Neurology (T.H., H.T.), Therapiezentrum Burgau; Department of Neurology (S.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Neurology (M. Marziniak), Kbo-Isar-Amper-Hospital Munich East; Department of Neurology (M. Mäurer), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (F.S.), LMU University Hospital, LMU, Munich; Department of Neurology (B.S.), DKD HELIOS Klinik Wiesbaden; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (C. Steen), St Joseph Hospital, Berlin; Department of Neurology (A.T.), HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt; and Neurologische Praxis Dres. Wessely (L.W.), Menden, Germany
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7
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Bahabayi A, Guan Z, Zheng M, Yu H, Hasimu A, Nie Y, Zhao M, Zhu Y, Ren J, Zhao Y, Ma X, Li Q, Zhang Z, Zeng X, Liu C. Expression of GPR56 reflects a hypoactivated state of circulating B cells and is downregulated in B cell subsets in patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. Immunology 2024; 173:172-184. [PMID: 38840413 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer, and the early detection and diagnosis of this disease are crucial in reducing mortality rates. The timely diagnosis of LUAD is essential for controlling tumour development and enabling early surgical treatment. GPR56 is a vital G protein-coupled receptor and its role in T lymphocytes has received considerable attention. However, its function in B cells remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the significance of GPR56 in LUAD. We found that GPR56 exhibited a significant increase in circulating plasmablasts and a decrease in new memory B cells. GPR56 expression in B cells was significantly reduced after LPS stimulation and the proportion of HLA-DR+ and CD40+ proportions were also decreased in GPR56+ B cells after stimulation. Additionally, GPR56 exhibited significant down-regulation in circulating B cell subsets of early-stage LUAD patients, and there were significant correlations between GPR56+ B cell subsets and tumour markers. In conclusion, GPR56 could reflect the hypoactivation state of B cells and the decreased proportion of GPR56+ B cell subset in LUAD patients can signify the active humoral immunity in vivo. The expression of GPR56 in B cells could potentially hold value in the early diagnosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayibaota Bahabayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mohan Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - He Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ainizati Hasimu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Nie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyi Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiancan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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8
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Anderson J, Quah L, Mangano K, Pellicci DG, Mazarakis N, Licciardi PV. A 38-colour high dimensional immunophenotyping panel for human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Immunol Methods 2024; 532:113726. [PMID: 38992764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
High dimensional immunophenotyping panels are invaluable resources for performing extensive phenotyping on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We designed a 38-colour high dimensional phenotyping panel to measure innate (monocytes, dendritic cells, NK cells, basophils, innate like lymphoid cells), T cell (γδ T cells, MAIT cells, CD4 and CD8 memory, Th1, Th2, Th17, Tfh, Treg) and B cell (memory, plasma cells, transitional B cells, plasmablasts, IgG, IgM) subsets in addition to their activation status using the 5-laser Cytek Aurora. We optimised optimal fluorochrome combinations and titres to minimise spread and autofluorescence of rare immune cell populations and tested this panel on PBMCs from 15 healthy adults. This high dimensional panel will be invaluable for direct ex vivo studies to evaluate immune cells in the context of human health and disease, especially when samples are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Leanne Quah
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kiara Mangano
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel G Pellicci
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nadia Mazarakis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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9
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Yang Y, Chen X, Pan J, Ning H, Zhang Y, Bo Y, Ren X, Li J, Qin S, Wang D, Chen MM, Zhang Z. Pan-cancer single-cell dissection reveals phenotypically distinct B cell subtypes. Cell 2024; 187:4790-4811.e22. [PMID: 39047727 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Characterizing the compositional and phenotypic characteristics of tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs) is important for advancing our understanding of their role in cancer development. Here, we establish a comprehensive resource of human B cells by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing data of B cells from 649 patients across 19 major cancer types. We demonstrate substantial heterogeneity in their total abundance and subtype composition and observe immunoglobulin G (IgG)-skewness of antibody-secreting cell isotypes. Moreover, we identify stress-response memory B cells and tumor-associated atypical B cells (TAABs), two tumor-enriched subpopulations with prognostic potential, shared in a pan-cancer manner. In particular, TAABs, characterized by a high clonal expansion level and proliferative capacity as well as by close interactions with activated CD4 T cells in tumors, are predictive of immunotherapy response. Our integrative resource depicts distinct clinically relevant TIB subsets, laying a foundation for further exploration of functional commonality and diversity of B cells in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xueyan Chen
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jieying Pan
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Huiheng Ning
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Yaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yufei Bo
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianwen Ren
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiesheng Li
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shishang Qin
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Min-Min Chen
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Zemin Zhang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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10
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Fischer K, Lulla A, So TY, Pereyra-Gerber P, Raybould MIJ, Kohler TN, Yam-Puc JC, Kaminski TS, Hughes R, Pyeatt GL, Leiss-Maier F, Brear P, Matheson NJ, Deane CM, Hyvönen M, Thaventhiran JED, Hollfelder F. Rapid discovery of monoclonal antibodies by microfluidics-enabled FACS of single pathogen-specific antibody-secreting cells. Nat Biotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41587-024-02346-5. [PMID: 39143416 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies are increasingly used to prevent and treat viral infections and are pivotal in pandemic response efforts. Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs; plasma cells and plasmablasts) are an excellent source of high-affinity antibodies with therapeutic potential. Current methods to study antigen-specific ASCs either have low throughput, require expensive and labor-intensive screening or are technically demanding and therefore not widely accessible. Here we present a straightforward technology for the rapid discovery of monoclonal antibodies from ASCs. Our approach combines microfluidic encapsulation of single cells into an antibody capture hydrogel with antigen bait sorting by conventional flow cytometry. With our technology, we screened millions of mouse and human ASCs and obtained monoclonal antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high affinity (<1 pM) and neutralizing capacity (<100 ng ml-1) in 2 weeks with a high hit rate (>85% of characterized antibodies bound the target). By facilitating access to the underexplored ASC compartment, the approach enables efficient antibody discovery and immunological studies into the generation of protective antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aleksei Lulla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tsz Y So
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pehuén Pereyra-Gerber
- Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew I J Raybould
- Oxford Protein Informatics Group, Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timo N Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tomasz S Kaminski
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Hughes
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Gleeson Building, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Paul Brear
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas J Matheson
- Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - Charlotte M Deane
- Oxford Protein Informatics Group, Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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11
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Pyles GM, Huckaby AB, Gutierrez MDLP, Witt WT, Mateu-Borrás M, Dublin SR, Rocuskie-Marker C, Sesti BN, Peasak K, Bitzer GJ, Rader N, Weaver KL, Boehm DT, Fitzgerald N, Chapman J, Ulicny S, Damron FH, Barbier M. Virus-like particles displaying the mature C-terminal domain of filamentous hemagglutinin are immunogenic and protective against Bordetella pertussis respiratory infection in mice. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0027024. [PMID: 39023271 PMCID: PMC11320929 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00270-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis, the bacterium responsible for whooping cough, remains a significant public health challenge despite the existing licensed pertussis vaccines. Current acellular pertussis vaccines, though having favorable reactogenicity and efficacy profiles, involve complex and costly production processes. In addition, acellular vaccines have functional challenges such as short-lasting duration of immunity and limited antigen coverage. Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) is an adhesin of B. pertussis that is included in all multivalent pertussis vaccine formulations. Antibodies to FHA have been shown to prevent bacterial attachment to respiratory epithelial cells, and T cell responses to FHA facilitate cell-mediated immunity. In this study, FHA's mature C-terminal domain (MCD) was evaluated as a novel vaccine antigen. MCD was conjugated to virus-like particles via SpyTag-SpyCatcher technology. Prime-boost vaccine studies were performed in mice to characterize immunogenicity and protection against the intranasal B. pertussis challenge. MCD-SpyVLP was more immunogenic than SpyTag-MCD antigen alone, and in Tohama I strain challenge studies, improved protection against challenge was observed in the lungs at day 3 and in the trachea and nasal wash at day 7 post-challenge. Furthermore, a B. pertussis strain encoding genetically inactivated pertussis toxin was used to evaluate MCD-SpyVLP vaccine immunity. Mice vaccinated with MCD-SpyVLP had significantly lower respiratory bacterial burden at both days 3 and 7 post-challenge compared to mock-vaccinated animals. Overall, these data support the use of SpyTag-SpyCatcher VLPs as a platform for use in vaccine development against B. pertussis and other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gage M. Pyles
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Annalisa B. Huckaby
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Maria de la Paz Gutierrez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - William T. Witt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Margalida Mateu-Borrás
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Spencer R. Dublin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Carleena Rocuskie-Marker
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Bethany N. Sesti
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kerrington Peasak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Graham J. Bitzer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rader
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kelly L. Weaver
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Dylan T. Boehm
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Nicholas Fitzgerald
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Joshua Chapman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Samuel Ulicny
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - F. Heath Damron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Mariette Barbier
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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12
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Went M, Duran-Lozano L, Halldorsson GH, Gunnell A, Ugidos-Damboriena N, Law P, Ekdahl L, Sud A, Thorleifsson G, Thodberg M, Olafsdottir T, Lamarca-Arrizabalaga A, Cafaro C, Niroula A, Ajore R, Lopez de Lapuente Portilla A, Ali Z, Pertesi M, Goldschmidt H, Stefansdottir L, Kristinsson SY, Stacey SN, Love TJ, Rognvaldsson S, Hajek R, Vodicka P, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Späth F, Schinke C, Van Rhee F, Sulem P, Ferkingstad E, Hjorleifsson Eldjarn G, Mellqvist UH, Jonsdottir I, Morgan G, Sonneveld P, Waage A, Weinhold N, Thomsen H, Försti A, Hansson M, Juul-Vangsted A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Hemminki K, Kaiser M, Rafnar T, Stefansson K, Houlston R, Nilsson B. Deciphering the genetics and mechanisms of predisposition to multiple myeloma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6644. [PMID: 39103364 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells. Epidemiological studies indicate a substantial heritable component, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, in a genome-wide association study totaling 10,906 cases and 366,221 controls, we identify 35 MM risk loci, 12 of which are novel. Through functional fine-mapping and Mendelian randomization, we uncover two causal mechanisms for inherited MM risk: longer telomeres; and elevated levels of B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and interleukin-5 receptor alpha (IL5RA) in plasma. The largest increase in BCMA and IL5RA levels is mediated by the risk variant rs34562254-A at TNFRSF13B. While individuals with loss-of-function variants in TNFRSF13B develop B-cell immunodeficiency, rs34562254-A exerts a gain-of-function effect, increasing MM risk through amplified B-cell responses. Our results represent an analysis of genetic MM predisposition, highlighting causal mechanisms contributing to MM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Went
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Laura Duran-Lozano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Andrea Gunnell
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Nerea Ugidos-Damboriena
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Philip Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ludvig Ekdahl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Amit Sud
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | | | - Malte Thodberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Antton Lamarca-Arrizabalaga
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Caterina Cafaro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Abhishek Niroula
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ram Ajore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Aitzkoa Lopez de Lapuente Portilla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Zain Ali
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maroulio Pertesi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Sigurdur Y Kristinsson
- Landspitali, National University Hospital of Iceland, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Simon N Stacey
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Sturlugata 8, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thorvardur J Love
- Landspitali, National University Hospital of Iceland, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Saemundur Rognvaldsson
- Landspitali, National University Hospital of Iceland, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Roman Hajek
- University Hospital Ostrava and University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Florentin Späth
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carolina Schinke
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Frits Van Rhee
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Patrick Sulem
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Sturlugata 8, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | - Gareth Morgan
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3075 EA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anders Waage
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Box 8905, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Niels Weinhold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Asta Försti
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hansson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Section of Hematology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Sweden
- Skåne University Hospital, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annette Juul-Vangsted
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Copenhagen at Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Sturlugata 8, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kari Hemminki
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 30605, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kaiser
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Thorunn Rafnar
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Sturlugata 8, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Sturlugata 8, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, IS-101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Richard Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
| | - Björn Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden.
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden.
- Broad Institute, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
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13
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Lanahan SM, Yang L, Jones KM, Qi Z, Cabrera EC, Cominsky LY, Ramaswamy A, Barmada A, Gabernet G, Uthaya Kumar DB, Xu L, Shan P, Wymann MP, Kleinstein SH, Rao VK, Mustillo P, Romberg N, Abraham RS, Lucas CL. PI3Kγ in B cells promotes antibody responses and generation of antibody-secreting cells. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1422-1431. [PMID: 38961274 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The differentiation of naive and memory B cells into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) is a key feature of adaptive immunity. The requirement for phosphoinositide 3-kinase-delta (PI3Kδ) to support B cell biology has been investigated intensively; however, specific functions of the related phosphoinositide 3-kinase-gamma (PI3Kγ) complex in B lineage cells have not. In the present study, we report that PI3Kγ promotes robust antibody responses induced by T cell-dependent antigens. The inborn error of immunity caused by human deficiency in PI3Kγ results in broad humoral defects, prompting our investigation of roles for this kinase in antibody responses. Using mouse immunization models, we found that PI3Kγ functions cell intrinsically within activated B cells in a kinase activity-dependent manner to transduce signals required for the transcriptional program supporting differentiation of ASCs. Furthermore, ASC fate choice coincides with upregulation of PIK3CG expression and is impaired in the context of PI3Kγ disruption in naive B cells on in vitro CD40-/cytokine-driven activation, in memory B cells on toll-like receptor activation, or in human tonsillar organoids. Taken together, our study uncovers a fundamental role for PI3Kγ in supporting humoral immunity by integrating signals instructing commitment to the ASC fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Lanahan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lucas Yang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kate M Jones
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhihong Qi
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Emylette Cruz Cabrera
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Y Cominsky
- Immunology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anjali Ramaswamy
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anis Barmada
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gisela Gabernet
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Lan Xu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peiying Shan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - V Koneti Rao
- Primary Immunodeficiency Clinic, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter Mustillo
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Neil Romberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roshini S Abraham
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Carrie L Lucas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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14
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Zhou Y, Gong J, Deng X, Shen L, Liu L. Novel insights: crosstalk with non-puerperal mastitis and immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1431681. [PMID: 39148739 PMCID: PMC11324573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1431681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The two primary types of non-puerperal mastitis (NPM) are granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) and plasma cell mastitis (PCM). Existing research indicates that immune inflammatory response is considered to be the core of the pathogenesis of GLM and PCM, and both innate and adaptive immune responses play an important role in the pathophysiology of PCM and GLM. However, the regulatory balance between various immune cells in these diseases is still unclear. Consequently, we present a comprehensive summary of the immune-related variables and recent advances in GLM and PCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Gong
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianguang Deng
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lele Shen
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lifang Liu
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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15
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Shi X, Xiao B, Feng R. Identification of a glycolysis-related miRNA Signature for Predicting Breast cancer Survival. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1988-2006. [PMID: 37535159 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a common type of cancer and has a poor prognosis. In this study, we collected the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles of BC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to explore a novel prognostic strategy for BC patients using bioinformatics tools. We found that six glycolysis-related miRNAs (GRmiRs, including hsa-mir-1247, hsa-mir148b, hsa-mir-133a-2, has-mir-1307, hsa-mir-195 and hsa-mir-1258) were correlated with prognosis of BC samples. The risk score model was established based on 6 prognosis-associated GRmiRs. The outcome of high risk group was significantly poorer. Cox regression analysis showed that risk score was an independent prognostic factor. Differentially expressed genes identified between high and low risk groups were mainly enriched in inflammation and immune-related signaling pathways. The proportion of infiltration of 12 kinds of immune cells in high and low risk groups were significantly different. Risk score was closely associated with many immune indexes. Multiple DEGRGs and miRNAs were associated with drugs. In conclusion, glycolysis-related miRNA signature effectively predicts BC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Shi
- Department of Galactophore, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, No. 156 Nankai Sanma Road, Tianjin, Nankai District, 300100, P.R. China
| | - Baoqiang Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, Hexi District, 300211, P.R. China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Galactophore, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, No. 156 Nankai Sanma Road, Tianjin, Nankai District, 300100, P.R. China.
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16
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Alaterre E, Ovejero S, Bret C, Dutrieux L, Sika D, Fernandez Perez R, Espéli M, Fest T, Cogné M, Martin-Subero JI, Milpied P, Cavalli G, Moreaux J. Integrative single-cell chromatin and transcriptome analysis of human plasma cell differentiation. Blood 2024; 144:496-509. [PMID: 38643512 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023023237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Plasma cells (PCs) are highly specialized cells representing the end stage of B-cell differentiation. We have shown that PC differentiation can be reproduced in vitro using elaborate culture systems. The molecular changes occurring during PC differentiation are recapitulated in this in vitro differentiation model. However, a major challenge exists to decipher the spatiotemporal epigenetic and transcriptional programs that drive the early stages of PC differentiation. We combined single cell (sc) RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high throughput sequencing (scATAC-seq) to decipher the trajectories involved in PC differentiation. ScRNA-seq experiments revealed a strong heterogeneity of the preplasmablastic and plasmablastic stages. Among genes that were commonly identified using scATAC-seq and scRNA-seq, we identified several transcription factors with significant stage specific potential importance in PC differentiation. Interestingly, differentially accessible peaks characterizing the preplasmablastic stage were enriched in motifs of BATF3, FOS and BATF, belonging to activating protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor family that may represent key transcriptional nodes involved in PC differentiation. Integration of transcriptomic and epigenetic data at the single cell level revealed that a population of preplasmablasts had already undergone epigenetic remodeling related to PC profile together with unfolded protein response activation and are committed to differentiate in PC. These results and the supporting data generated with our in vitro PC differentiation model provide a unique resource for the identification of molecular circuits that are crucial for early and mature PC maturation and biological functions. These data thus provide critical insights into epigenetic- and transcription-mediated reprogramming events that sustain PC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Alaterre
- Institute of Human Genetics, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sara Ovejero
- Institute of Human Genetics, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Bret
- Institute of Human Genetics, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laure Dutrieux
- Institute of Human Genetics, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Dassou Sika
- Institute of Human Genetics, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Marion Espéli
- INSERM U1160 EMiLy, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Fest
- Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang de Bretagne, Team B_DEVIL, UMR_S1236, Rennes, France
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France
| | - Michel Cogné
- Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche U1236, Université de Rennes, Etablissement Français Du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Suivi Immunologique des Thérapies Innovantes, Pôle Biologie, Rennes, France
| | - José Ignacio Martin-Subero
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre Milpied
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Giacomo Cavalli
- Institute of Human Genetics, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Institute of Human Genetics, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- University of Montpellier, UFR Medicine, Montpellier, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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17
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Qiu GH, Yu B, Ma M. G protein-coupled receptor-mediated signaling of immunomodulation in tumor progression. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23829. [PMID: 39017658 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400458r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are essential contributors to tumor growth and metastasis due to their roles in immune cell regulation. Therefore, GPCRs are potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the roles of GPCRs and their signaling pathways in tumor progression from an immunocellular perspective. Additionally, we focus on the roles of GPCRs in regulating immune checkpoint proteins involved in immune evasion. Finally, we review the progress of clinical trials of GPCR-targeted drugs for cancer treatment, which may be combined with immunotherapy to improve treatment efficacy. This expanded understanding of the role of GPCRs may shed light on the mechanisms underlying tumor progression and provide a novel perspective on cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hong Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Mei Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
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18
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Kim J, Maharjan R, Park J. Current Trends and Innovative Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:168. [PMID: 39044047 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is one of the most promising therapeutic approaches in the field of cancer treatment. As a tumor progresses, tumor cells employ an array of immune-regulatory mechanisms to suppress immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. Using our understanding of these mechanisms, cancer immunotherapy has been developed to enhance the immune system's effectiveness in treating cancer. Numerous cancer immunotherapies are currently in clinical use, yet many others are either in different stages of development or undergoing clinical studies. In this paper, we briefly discuss the features and current status of cancer immunotherapies. This includes the application of monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, cytokine therapy, cancer vaccines, and gene therapy, all of which have gained significant recognition in clinical practice. Additionally, we discuss limitations that may hinder successful clinical utilization and promising strategies, such as combining immunotherapy with nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaechang Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Ruby Maharjan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Jonghyuck Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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19
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Eslami M, Schuepbach-Mallepell S, Diana D, Willen L, Kowalczyk-Quintas C, Desponds C, Peter B, Vigolo M, Renevey F, Donzé O, Luther SA, Yalkinoglu Ö, Alouche N, Schneider P. Unique and redundant roles of mouse BCMA, TACI, BAFF, APRIL, and IL-6 in supporting antibody-producing cells in different tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2404309121. [PMID: 38990948 PMCID: PMC11260164 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404309121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibody-producing plasma cells fuel humoral immune responses. They also contribute to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or IgA nephropathy. Interleukin-6 and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family ligands BAFF (B cell-activating factor) and APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) participate in plasma cell survival. BAFF binds to three receptors, BAFFR (BAFF receptor), TACI (transmembrane activator and CAML interactor), and BCMA (B cell maturation antigen), while APRIL binds to TACI, BCMA, and proteoglycans. However, which ligand-receptor pair(s) are required to maintain plasma cells in different body locations remains unknown. Here, by combining mouse genetic and pharmacological approaches, we found that plasma cells required BCMA and/or TACI but not BAFFR. BCMA responded exclusively to APRIL, while TACI responded to both BAFF and APRIL, identifying three self-sufficient ligand-receptor pairs for plasma cell maintenance: BAFF-TACI, APRIL-TACI, and APRIL-BCMA. Together, these actors accounted for 90% of circulating antibodies. In BAFF-ko mice, the reduction of plasma cells upon APRIL inhibition indicated that APRIL could function in the absence of BAFF-APRIL heteromers. No evidence was found that in the absence of BCMA and TACI, binding of APRIL to proteoglycans would help maintain plasma cells. IL-6, alone or together with BAFF and APRIL, supported mainly splenic plasmablasts and plasma cells and contributed to circulating IgG but not IgA levels. In conclusion, survival factors for plasma cells can vary with body location and with the antibody isotype that plasma cells produce. To efficiently target plasma cells, in particular IgA-producing ones, dual inhibition of BAFF and APRIL is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Eslami
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniela Diana
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | - Laure Willen
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | | | - Chantal Desponds
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Peter
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | - Michele Vigolo
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | - François Renevey
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | | | - Sanjiv A. Luther
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | - Özkan Yalkinoglu
- Clinical Pharmacology, Global Early Development, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt64293, Germany
| | - Nagham Alouche
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges1066, Switzerland
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20
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Armstrong D, Chang CY, Hong MJ, Green L, Hudson W, Shen Y, Song LZ, Jammi S, Casal B, Creighton CJ, Carisey A, Zhang XHF, McKenna NJ, Kang SW, Lee HS, Corry DB, Kheradmand F. MAGE-A4-Responsive Plasma Cells Promote Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.10.602985. [PMID: 39071307 PMCID: PMC11275715 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.10.602985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Adaptive immunity is critical to eliminate malignant cells, while multiple tumor-intrinsic factors can alter this protective function. Melanoma antigen-A4 (MAGE-A4), a cancer-testis antigen, is expressed in several solid tumors and correlates with poor survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its role in altering antitumor immunity remains unclear. We found that expression of MAGE-A4 was highly associated with the loss of PTEN , a tumor suppressor, in human NSCLC. Here we show that constitutive expression of human MAGE-A4 combined with the loss of Pten in mouse airway epithelial cells results in metastatic adenocarcinoma enriched in CD138 + CXCR4 + plasma cells, predominantly expressing IgA. Consistently, human NSCLC expressing MAGE-A4 showed increased CD138 + IgA + plasma cell density surrounding tumors. The abrogation of MAGE-A4-responsive plasma cells (MARPs) decreased tumor burden, increased T cell infiltration and activation, and reduced CD163 + CD206 + macrophages in mouse lungs. These findings suggest MAGE-A4 promotes NSCLC tumorigenesis, in part, through the recruitment and retention of IgA + MARPs in the lungs.
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21
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Martini S, Drzeniek NM, Stark R, Kollert MR, Du W, Reinke S, Ort M, Hardt S, Kotko I, Kath J, Schlickeiser S, Geißler S, Wagner DL, Krebs AC, Volk HD. Long-term in vitromaintenance of plasma cells in a hydrogel-enclosed human bone marrow microphysiological 3D model system. Biofabrication 2024; 16:045005. [PMID: 38955197 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad5dfe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Plasma cells (PCs) in bone marrow (BM) play an important role in both protective and pathogenic humoral immune responses, e.g. in various malignant and non-malignant diseases such as multiple myeloma, primary and secondary immunodeficiencies and autoimmune diseases. Dedicated microenvironmental niches in the BM provide PCs with biomechanical and soluble factors that support their long-term survival. There is a high need for appropriate and robust model systems to better understand PCs biology, to develop new therapeutic strategies for PCs-related diseases and perform targeted preclinical studies with high predictive value. Most preclinical data have been derived fromin vivostudies in mice, asin vitrostudies of human PCs are limited due to restricted survival and functionality in conventional 2D cultures that do not reflect the unique niche architecture of the BM. We have developed a microphysiological, dynamic 3D BM culture system (BM-MPS) based on human primary tissue (femoral biopsies), mechanically supported by a hydrogel scaffold casing. While a bioinert agarose casing did not support PCs survival, a photo-crosslinked collagen-hyaluronic acid (Col-HA) hydrogel preserved the native BM niche architecture and allowed PCs survivalin vitrofor up to 2 weeks. Further, the Col-HA hydrogel was permissive to lymphocyte migration into the microphysiological system´s circulation. Long-term PCs survival was related to the stable presence in the culture of soluble factors, as APRIL, BAFF, and IL-6. Increasing immunoglobulins concentrations in the medium confirm their functionality over culture time. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report of successful long-term maintenance of primary-derived non-malignant PCsin vitro. Our innovative model system is suitable for in-depthin vitrostudies of human PCs regulation and exploration of targeted therapeutic approaches such as CAR-T cell therapy or biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Martini
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Norman Michael Drzeniek
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Stark
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Reiner Kollert
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Weijie Du
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Reinke
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Ort
- Julius Wolff Institute, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hardt
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iuliia Kotko
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Kath
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlickeiser
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- CheckImmune GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geißler
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Laurin Wagner
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna-Catharina Krebs
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
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Gu D, Lim J, Han KY, Seo IH, Jee JH, Cho SJ, Choi YH, Choi SC, Koh JH, Lee JY, Kang M, Jung DH, Park WY. Single-cell analysis of human PBMCs in healthy and type 2 diabetes populations: dysregulated immune networks in type 2 diabetes unveiled through single-cell profiling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1397661. [PMID: 39072276 PMCID: PMC11272961 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1397661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in glucose metabolism that precede the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) activate immune cells, leading to elevated inflammatory factors and chronic inflammation. However, no single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies have characterized the properties and networks of individual immune cells in T2D. Here, we analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from non-diabetes and T2D patients by scRNA-seq. We found that CD14 monocytes in T2D patients were in a pro-inflammatory state and intermediate monocytes expressed more MHC class II genes. In T2D patients, cytotoxic CD4 T cells, effector memory CD8 T cells, and γδ T cells have increased cytotoxicity and clonal expansion. B cells were characterized by increased differentiation into intermediate B cells, plasma cells, and isotype class switching with increased expression of soluble antibody genes. These results suggest that monocytes, T cells, and B cells could interact to induce chronic inflammation in T2D patients with pro-inflammatory characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doeon Gu
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyeong Lim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Yeon Han
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Ho Seo
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Jee
- Department of Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Cho
- Department of Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ho Choi
- Department of Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hyun Koh
- Department of Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Kang
- Department of Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Digital Transformation Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Chen Y, Jiang B, Qu C, Jiang C, Zhang C, Wang Y, Chen F, Sun X, Su L, Luo Y. Genetically predicted metabolites mediate the causal associations between autoimmune thyroiditis and immune cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1424957. [PMID: 39045270 PMCID: PMC11263034 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1424957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We aimed to comprehensively investigate the causal relationship between 731 immune cell traits and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and to identify and quantify the role of 1400 metabolic traits as potential mediators in between. Methods Using summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) we performed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of genetically predicted AIT and 731 immune cell traits. Furthermore, we used a two-step MR analysis to quantify the proportion of the total effects (that the immune cells exerted on the risk of AIT) mediated by potential metabolites. Results We identified 24 immune cell traits (with odds ratio (OR) ranging from 1.3166 6 to 0.6323) and 10 metabolic traits (with OR ranging from 1.7954 to 0.6158) to be causally associated with AIT, respectively. Five immune cell traits (including CD38 on IgD+ CD24-, CD28 on CD28+ CD45RA+ CD8br, HLA DR+ CD4+ AC, TD CD4+ %CD4+, and CD8 on EM CD8br) were found to be associated with the risk of AIT, which were partially mediated by metabolites (including glycolithocholate sulfate, 5alpha-androstan-3alpha,17beta-diol disulfate, arachidonoylcholine, X-15486, and kynurenine). The proportion of genetically predicted AIT mediated by the identified metabolites could range from 5.58% to 17.7%. Discussion Our study identified causal associations between AIT and immune cells which were partially mediated by metabolites, thus providing guidance for future clinical and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoyu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanxue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- General Surgery Center, Department of Thyroid Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xitai Sun
- Division of Pancreas and Metabolism Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Su
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqian Luo
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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24
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Noble J, Cabezas L, Truffot A, Dumolard L, Jouve T, Malvezzi P, Rostaing L, Dard C, Saas P, Cravedi P, Macek-Jilkova Z. Glycolysis Changes in Alloreactive Memory B Cells in Highly Sensitized Kidney Transplant Recipients Undergonig Desensitization Therapy. Transpl Int 2024; 37:13029. [PMID: 39081904 PMCID: PMC11287219 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2024.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite the growing use of desensitization strategies, hyperimmune patients remain at high risk of antibody-mediated rejection suggesting that, even when donor-specific antibodies (DSA) are effectively depleted, anti-donor specific B cells persist. We included 10 highly sensitized recipients that underwent desensitization with plasmapheresis and B cell depletion prior to kidney transplantation. We quantified changes in DSA (luminex), total B-cell subsets (flow cytometry), anti-donor HLA B cells (fluorospot), and single-cell metabolism in serially collected samples before desensitization, at the time of transplant, and at 6 and 12 months thereafter. Desensitization was associated with a decrease in DSA and total memory B cell and naive B cell percentage, while plasma cells and memory anti-donor HLA circulating B cells persisted up to 12 months after transplant. At 12-month post-transplantation, memory B cells increased their glycolytic capacity, while proliferative KI67+ plasma cells modified their metabolism by increasing fatty acid and amino acid oxidation capacity and decreasing their glucose dependence. Despite effective DSA depletion, anti-donor B cells persist in kidney transplant recipients. Due to the reliance of these cells on glycolysis, glycolysis-targeting therapies might represent a valuable treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Noble
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation, Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- Department of Medicine, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lara Cabezas
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation, Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Aurelie Truffot
- Department of Medicine, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Virology Department, University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucile Dumolard
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Jouve
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation, Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Paolo Malvezzi
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation, Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Lionel Rostaing
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation, Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Céline Dard
- EFS, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- EFS, Recherche et Développement, Grenoble, France
| | - Paolo Cravedi
- Department of Medicine, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zuzana Macek-Jilkova
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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25
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Ziaka M, Exadaktylos A. Gut-derived immune cells and the gut-lung axis in ARDS. Crit Care 2024; 28:220. [PMID: 38965622 PMCID: PMC11225303 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-05006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut serves as a vital immunological organ orchestrating immune responses and influencing distant mucosal sites, notably the respiratory mucosa. It is increasingly recognized as a central driver of critical illnesses, with intestinal hyperpermeability facilitating bacterial translocation, systemic inflammation, and organ damage. The "gut-lung" axis emerges as a pivotal pathway, where gut-derived injurious factors trigger acute lung injury (ALI) through the systemic circulation. Direct and indirect effects of gut microbiota significantly impact immune responses. Dysbiosis, particularly intestinal dysbiosis, termed as an imbalance of microbial species and a reduction in microbial diversity within certain bodily microbiomes, influences adaptive immune responses, including differentiating T regulatory cells (Tregs) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells, which are critical in various lung inflammatory conditions. Additionally, gut and bone marrow immune cells impact pulmonary immune activity, underscoring the complex gut-lung interplay. Moreover, lung microbiota alterations are implicated in diverse gut pathologies, affecting local and systemic immune landscapes. Notably, lung dysbiosis can reciprocally influence gut microbiota composition, indicating bidirectional gut-lung communication. In this review, we investigate the pathophysiology of ALI/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), elucidating the role of immune cells in the gut-lung axis based on recent experimental and clinical research. This exploration aims to enhance understanding of ALI/ARDS pathogenesis and to underscore the significance of gut-lung interactions in respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairi Ziaka
- Clinic of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Geriatric Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Aristomenis Exadaktylos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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26
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Li Y, Li YJ, Fang X, Chen DQ, Yu WQ, Zhu ZQ. Peripheral inflammation as a potential mechanism and preventive strategy for perioperative neurocognitive disorder under general anesthesia and surgery. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1365448. [PMID: 39022312 PMCID: PMC11252726 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1365448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia, as a commonly used medical intervention, has been widely applied during surgical procedures to ensure rapid loss of consciousness and pain relief for patients. However, recent research suggests that general anesthesia may be associated with the occurrence of perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND). PND is characterized by a decline in cognitive function after surgery, including impairments in attention, memory, learning, and executive functions. With the increasing trend of population aging, the burden of PND on patients and society's health and economy is becoming more evident. Currently, the clinical consensus tends to believe that peripheral inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of PND, providing strong support for further investigating the mechanisms and prevention of PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Ying-Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Xu Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Dong-Qin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Early Clinical Research Ward of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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27
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Labeur-Iurman L, Harker JA. Mechanisms of antibody mediated immunity - Distinct in early life. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 172:106588. [PMID: 38768890 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Immune responses in early life are characterized by a failure to robustly generate long-lasting protective responses against many common pathogens or upon vaccination. This is associated with a reduced ability to generate T-cell dependent high affinity antibodies. This review highlights the differences in T-cell dependent antibody responses observed between infants and adults, in particular focussing on the alterations in immune cell function that lead to reduced T follicular helper cell-B cell crosstalk within germinal centres in early life. Understanding the distinct functional characteristics of early life humoral immunity, and how these are regulated, will be critical in guiding age-appropriate immunological interventions in the very young.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Labeur-Iurman
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - James A Harker
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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28
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Li Z, Lin A, Gao Z, Jiang A, Xiong M, Song J, Liu Z, Cheng Q, Zhang J, Luo P. B-cell performance in chemotherapy: Unravelling the mystery of B-cell therapeutic potential. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1761. [PMID: 38997802 PMCID: PMC11245406 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND MAIN BODY The anti-tumour and tumour-promoting roles of B cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME) have gained considerable attention in recent years. As essential orchestrators of humoral immunity, B cells potentially play a crucial role in anti-tumour therapies. Chemotherapy, a mainstay in cancer treatment, influences the proliferation and function of diverse B-cell subsets and their crosstalk with the TME. Modulating B-cell function by targeting B cells or their associated cells may enhance chemotherapy efficacy, presenting a promising avenue for future targeted therapy investigations. CONCLUSION This review explores the intricate interplay between chemotherapy and B cells, underscoring the pivotal role of B cells in chemotherapy treatment. We summarise promising B-cell-related therapeutic targets, illustrating the immense potential of B cells in anti-tumour therapy. Our work lays a theoretical foundation for harnessing B cells in chemotherapy and combination strategies for cancer treatment. KEY POINTS Chemotherapy can inhibit B-cell proliferation and alter subset distributions and functions, including factor secretion, receptor signalling, and costimulation. Chemotherapy can modulate complex B-cell-T-cell interactions with variable effects on anti-tumour immunity. Targeting B-cell surface markers or signalling improves chemotherapy responses, blocks immune evasion and inhibits tumour growth. Critical knowledge gaps remain regarding B-cell interactions in TME, B-cell chemoresistance mechanisms, TLS biology, heterogeneity, spatial distributions, chemotherapy drug selection and B-cell targets that future studies should address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhuo Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhifei Gao
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Minying Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiapeng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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29
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Elsner RA, Smita S, Shlomchik MJ. IL-12 induces a B cell-intrinsic IL-12/IFNγ feed-forward loop promoting extrafollicular B cell responses. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1283-1295. [PMID: 38862796 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
While some infections elicit germinal centers, others produce only extrafollicular responses. The mechanisms controlling these dichotomous fates are poorly understood. We identify IL-12 as a cytokine switch, acting directly on B cells to promote extrafollicular and suppress germinal center responses. IL-12 initiates a B cell-intrinsic feed-forward loop between IL-12 and IFNγ, amplifying IFNγ production, which promotes proliferation and plasmablast differentiation from mouse and human B cells, in synergy with IL-12. IL-12 sustains the expression of a portion of IFNγ-inducible genes. Together, they also induce unique gene changes, reflecting both IFNγ amplification and cooperative effects between both cytokines. In vivo, cells lacking both IL-12 and IFNγ receptors are more impaired in plasmablast production than those lacking either receptor alone. Further, B cell-derived IL-12 enhances both plasmablast responses and T helper 1 cell commitment. Thus, B cell-derived IL-12, acting on T and B cells, determines the immune response mode, with implications for vaccines, pathogen protection and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Elsner
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Shuchi Smita
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark J Shlomchik
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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30
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Downie AE, Barre RS, Robinson A, Yang J, Chen YH, Lin JD, Oyesola O, Yeung F, Cadwell K, Loke P, Graham AL. Assessing immune phenotypes using simple proxy measures: promise and limitations. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 3:kyae010. [PMID: 39045514 PMCID: PMC11264049 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The study of immune phenotypes in wild animals is beset by numerous methodological challenges, with assessment of detailed aspects of phenotype difficult to impossible. This constrains the ability of disease ecologists and ecoimmunologists to describe immune variation and evaluate hypotheses explaining said variation. The development of simple approaches that allow characterization of immune variation across many populations and species would be a significant advance. Here we explore whether serum protein concentrations and coarse-grained white blood cell profiles, immune quantities that can easily be assayed in many species, can predict, and therefore serve as proxies for, lymphocyte composition properties. We do this in rewilded laboratory mice, which combine the benefits of immune phenotyping of lab mice with the natural context and immune variation found in the wild. We find that easily assayed immune quantities are largely ineffective as predictors of lymphocyte composition, either on their own or with other covariates. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio show the most promise as indicators of other immune traits, but their explanatory power is limited. Our results prescribe caution in inferring immune phenotypes beyond what is directly measured, but they do also highlight some potential paths forward for the development of proxy measures employable by ecoimmunologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Downie
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ramya S Barre
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio; San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Annie Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Jennie Yang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ying-Han Chen
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Da Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Center for Computational and Systems Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Oyebola Oyesola
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Frank Yeung
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - P’ng Loke
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea L Graham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Santa Fe Institute; Santa Fe, NM, USA
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Ma C, Hoffmann FW, Shay AE, Koo I, Green KA, Green WR, Hoffmann PR. Upregulated selenoprotein I during lipopolysaccharide-induced B cell activation promotes lipidomic changes and is required for effective differentiation into IgM-secreting plasma B cells. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:6-17. [PMID: 38289835 PMCID: PMC11212798 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms driving metabolic reprogramming during B cell activation are unclear, particularly roles for enzymatic pathways involved in lipid remodeling. We found that murine B cell activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) led to a 1.6-fold increase in total lipids that included higher levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and plasmenyl PE. Selenoprotein I (SELENOI) is an ethanolamine phospholipid transferase involved in the synthesis of both PE and plasmenyl PE, and SELENOI expression was also upregulated during activation. Selenoi knockout (KO) B cells exhibited decreased levels of plasmenyl PE, which plays an important antioxidant role. Lipid peroxidation was measured and found to increase ∼2-fold in KO vs. wild-type (WT) B cells. Cell death was not impacted by KO in LPS-treated B cells and proliferation was only slightly reduced, but differentiation into CD138 + Blimp-1+ plasma B cells was decreased ∼2-fold. This led to examination of B cell receptors important for differentiation that recognize the ligand B cell activating factor, and levels of TACI (transmembrane activator, calcium-modulator, and cytophilin ligand interactor) (CD267) were significantly decreased on KO B cells compared with WT control cells. Vaccination with ovalbumin/adjuvant led to decreased ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels in sera of KO mice compared with WT mice. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed a decreased switch from surface to secreted IgM in spleens of KO mice induced by vaccination or LP-BM5 retrovirus infection. Overall, these findings detail the lipidomic response of B cells to LPS activation and reveal the importance of upregulated SELENOI for promoting differentiation into IgM-secreting plasma B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ma
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States
| | - FuKun W Hoffmann
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States
| | - Ashley E Shay
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 101 Huck Life Sciences Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Imhoi Koo
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 107 Animal, Veterinary, and Biomedical Sciences Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Kathy A Green
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, One Medical Center Drive HB7556, Lebanon, NH 03756, United States
| | - William R Green
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, One Medical Center Drive HB7556, Lebanon, NH 03756, United States
| | - Peter R Hoffmann
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States
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Smith C, Telesford KM, Piccirillo SGM, Licon-Munoz Y, Zhang W, Tse KM, Rivas JR, Joshi C, Shah DS, Wu AX, Trivedi R, Christley S, Qian Y, Cowell LG, Scheuermann RH, Stowe AM, Nguyen L, Greenberg BM, Monson NL. Astrocytic stress response is induced by exposure to astrocyte-binding antibodies expressed by plasmablasts from pediatric patients with acute transverse myelitis. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:161. [PMID: 38915059 PMCID: PMC11197286 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric acute transverse myelitis (ATM) accounts for 20-30% of children presenting with a first acquired demyelinating syndrome (ADS) and may be the first clinical presentation of a relapsing ADS such as multiple sclerosis (MS). B cells have been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of adult MS. However, little is known about B cells in pediatric MS, and even less so in pediatric ATM. Our lab previously showed that plasmablasts (PB), the earliest B cell subtype producing antibody, are expanded in adult ATM, and that these PBs produce self-reactive antibodies that target neurons. The goal of this study was to examine PB frequency and phenotype, immunoglobulin selection, and B cell receptor reactivity in pediatric patients presenting with ATM to gain insight to B cell involvement in disease. METHODS We compared the PB frequency and phenotype of 5 pediatric ATM patients and 10 pediatric healthy controls (HC) and compared them to previously reported adult ATM patients using cytometric data. We purified bulk IgG from the plasma samples and cloned 20 recombinant human antibodies (rhAbs) from individual PBs isolated from the blood. Plasma-derived IgG and rhAb autoreactivity was measured by mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in neurons and astrocytes of murine brain or spinal cord and primary human astrocytes. We determined the potential impact of these rhAbs on astrocyte health by measuring stress and apoptotic response. RESULTS We found that pediatric ATM patients had a reduced frequency of peripheral blood PB. Serum IgG autoreactivity to neurons in EAE spinal cord was similar in the pediatric ATM patients and HC. However, serum IgG autoreactivity to astrocytes in EAE spinal cord was reduced in pediatric ATM patients compared to pediatric HC. Astrocyte-binding strength of rhAbs cloned from PBs was dependent on somatic hypermutation accumulation in the pediatric ATM cohort, but not HC. A similar observation in predilection for astrocyte binding over neuron binding of individual antibodies cloned from PBs was made in EAE brain tissue. Finally, exposure of human primary astrocytes to these astrocyte-binding antibodies increased astrocytic stress but did not lead to apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Discordance in humoral immune responses to astrocytes may distinguish pediatric ATM from HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Smith
- UT Southwestern Department of Neurology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Sara G M Piccirillo
- The Brain Tumor Translational Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yamhilette Licon-Munoz
- The Brain Tumor Translational Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- UT Southwestern Department of Neurology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Key M Tse
- UT Southwestern Department of Neurology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Dilan S Shah
- UT Southwestern Department of Neurology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Angela X Wu
- UT Southwestern Department of Neurology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- UT Southwestern Department of Neurology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Scott Christley
- UT Southwestern O'Donnell School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu Qian
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay G Cowell
- UT Southwestern O'Donnell School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Richard H Scheuermann
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ann M Stowe
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Linda Nguyen
- UT Southwestern Department of Neurology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Nancy L Monson
- UT Southwestern Department of Neurology, Dallas, TX, USA.
- UT Southwestern Department of Immunology, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Wang K, Cai L, Wang H, Shan S, Hu X, Zhang J. Protocol for fast clonal family inference and analysis from large-scale B cell receptor repertoire sequencing data. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102969. [PMID: 38502687 PMCID: PMC10963638 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The expeditious identification and comprehensive analysis of clonal families from extensive B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire sequencing data are imperative for elucidating the intricacies of B cell immune responses. Here, we introduce a computational pipeline designed to swiftly deduce clonal families from bulk BCR heavy-chain sequencing data, accompanied by a suite of functional modules tailored to streamline post-clustering analysis. The outlined methodology encompasses guidelines for software installation, meticulous data preparation, and the systematic inference and analysis of clonal families. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wang et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linru Cai
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute (GTSI), Tianjin University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiwen Shan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xihao Hu
- GV20 Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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Song Y, Wang J, Yang Z, He Q, Bao C, Xie Y, Sun Y, Li S, Quan Y, Yang H, Li C. Heterologous booster vaccination enhances antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 by improving Tfh function and increasing B-cell clonotype SHM frequency. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1406138. [PMID: 38975334 PMCID: PMC11224535 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1406138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterologous prime-boost has broken the protective immune response bottleneck of the COVID-19 vaccines. however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated antibody responses and explored the response of germinal center (GC) to priming with inactivated vaccines and boosting with heterologous adenoviral-vectored vaccines or homologous inactivated vaccines in mice. Antibody responses were dramatically enhanced by both boosting regimens. Heterologous immunization induced more robust GC activation, characterized by increased Tfh cell populations and enhanced helper function. Additionally, increased B-cell activation and antibody production were observed in a heterologous regimen. Libra-seq was used to compare the differences of S1-, S2- and NTD-specific B cells between homologous and heterologous vaccination, respectively. S2-specific CD19+ B cells presented increased somatic hypermutations (SHMs), which were mainly enriched in plasma cells. Moreover, a heterologous booster dose promoted the clonal expansion of B cells specific to S2 and NTD regions. In conclusion, the functional role of Tfh and B cells following SARS-CoV-2 heterologous vaccination may be important for modulating antibody responses. These findings provide new insights for the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that induce more robust antibody response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Song
- Division of the Second Vaccines, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaolei Wang
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Division of the Second Vaccines, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Qian He
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Chunting Bao
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yufang Sun
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyan Li
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yaru Quan
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Yang
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Changgui Li
- Divsion of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Saito Y, Harada A, Ushijima M, Tanaka K, Higuchi R, Baba A, Murakami D, Nutt SL, Nakagawa T, Ohkawa Y, Baba Y. Plasma cell differentiation is regulated by the expression of histone variant H3.3. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5004. [PMID: 38902223 PMCID: PMC11190180 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49375-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of B cells into plasma cells is associated with substantial transcriptional and epigenetic remodeling. H3.3 histone variant marks active chromatin via replication-independent nucleosome assembly. However, its role in plasma cell development remains elusive. Herein, we show that during plasma cell differentiation, H3.3 is downregulated, and the deposition of H3.3 and chromatin accessibility are dynamically changed. Blockade of H3.3 downregulation by enforced H3.3 expression impairs plasma cell differentiation in an H3.3-specific sequence-dependent manner. Mechanistically, enforced H3.3 expression inhibits the upregulation of plasma cell-associated genes such as Irf4, Prdm1, and Xbp1 and maintains the expression of B cell-associated genes, Pax5, Bach2, and Bcl6. Concomitantly, sustained H3.3 expression prevents the structure of chromatin accessibility characteristic for plasma cells. Our findings suggest that appropriate H3.3 expression and deposition control plasma cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Saito
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akihito Harada
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miho Ushijima
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Higuchi
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akemi Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Murakami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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36
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Wang W, Dong G, Yang Z, Li S, Li J, Wang L, Zhu Q, Wang Y. Single-cell analysis of tumor microenvironment and cell adhesion reveals that interleukin-1 beta promotes cancer cell proliferation in breast cancer. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38860503 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is so called because of the lack of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors on the cancer cells, accounts for 10%-15% of all breast cancers. The heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment is high. However, the role of plasma cells controlling the tumor migration progression in TNBC is still not fully understood. METHODS We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from five HER2 positive, 12 ER positive/PR positive, and nine TNBC samples. The potential targets were validated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Plasma cells were enriched in TNBC samples, which was consistent with validation using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Cell communication analysis revealed that plasma cells interact with T cells through the intercellular adhesion molecule 2-integrin-aLb2 complex, and then release interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), as verified by immunohistochemistry, ultimately promoting tumor growth. CONCLUSION Our results revealed the role of plasma cells in TNBC and identified IL1B as a new prognostic marker for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gehong Dong
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziguo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoxiang Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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37
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Zhang S, Zhang N, Han J, Sun Z, Jiang H, Huang W, Kong D, Li Q, Ren Y, Zhao S, Jiang Y, Liu P. Dynamic immune status analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection sepsis using single-cell RNA sequencing. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380211. [PMID: 38898888 PMCID: PMC11185935 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common Gram-negative bacterium. Blood infection caused by K. pneumoniae is one of the most common causes of human sepsis, which seriously threatens the life of patients. The immune status of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in acute stage and recovery stage of sepsis caused by K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection has not been studied. Methods A total of 13 subjects were included in this study, 3 healthy controls, 7 patients with K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection in the acute stage (4 patients died), and 3 patients in the recovery stage. Peripheral blood of all patients was collected and PBMCs were isolated for scRNA-seq analysis. We studied the changes of PBMCs components, signaling pathways, differential genes, and cytokines in acute and recovery stages. Results During K. pneumoniae acute infection we observed a decrease in the proportion of T cells, most probably due to apoptosis and the function of T cell subtypes was disorder. The proportion of monocytes increased in acute stage. Although genes related to their phagocytosis function were upregulated, their antigen presentation capacity-associated genes were downregulated. The expression of IL-1β, IL-18, IFNGR1 and IFNGR2 genes was also increased in monocytes. The proportion of DCs was depleted during the acute stage and did not recover during sepsis recovery. DCs antigen presentation was weakened during the acute stage but recovered fast during the recovery stage. pDCs response to MCP-1 chemokine was weakened, they recovered it quickly during the recovery stage. B cells showed apoptosis both in the acute stage and recovery stage. Their response to complement was weakened, but their antigen presentation function was enhanced. The proportion of NK cells stable during all disease's stages, and the expression of IFN-γ gene was upregulated. Conclusion The proportion of PBMCs and their immune functions undergo variations throughout the course of the disease, spanning from the acute stage to recovery. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism of PBMCs immune function during K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection sepsis and recovery and sets the basis for further understanding and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Decong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shishun Zhao
- College of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongqiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lam N, Lee Y, Farber DL. A guide to adaptive immune memory. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01040-6. [PMID: 38831162 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Immune memory - comprising T cells, B cells and plasma cells and their secreted antibodies - is crucial for human survival. It enables the rapid and effective clearance of a pathogen after re-exposure, to minimize damage to the host. When antigen-experienced, memory T cells become activated, they proliferate and produce effector molecules at faster rates and in greater magnitudes than antigen-inexperienced, naive cells. Similarly, memory B cells become activated and differentiate into antibody-secreting cells more rapidly than naive B cells, and they undergo processes that increase their affinity for antigen. The ability of T cells and B cells to form memory cells after antigen exposure is the rationale behind vaccination. Understanding immune memory not only is crucial for the design of more-efficacious vaccines but also has important implications for immunotherapies in infectious disease and cancer. This 'guide to' article provides an overview of the current understanding of the phenotype, function, location, and pathways for the generation, maintenance and protective capacity of memory T cells and memory B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Lam
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - YoonSeung Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donna L Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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39
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Manakkat Vijay GK, Zhou M, Thakkar K, Rothrauff A, Chawla AS, Chen D, Lau LCW, Gerges PH, Chetal K, Chhibbar P, Fan J, Das J, Joglekar A, Borghesi L, Salomonis N, Xu H, Singh H. Temporal dynamics and genomic programming of plasma cell fates. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1097-1109. [PMID: 38698087 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01831-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Affinity-matured plasma cells (PCs) of varying lifespans are generated through a germinal center (GC) response. The developmental dynamics and genomic programs of antigen-specific PC precursors remain to be elucidated. Here, using a model antigen in mice, we demonstrate biphasic generation of PC precursors, with those generating long-lived bone marrow PCs preferentially produced in the late phase of GC response. Clonal tracing using single-cell RNA sequencing and B cell antigen receptor sequencing in spleen and bone marrow compartments, coupled with adoptive transfer experiments, reveals a new PC transition state that gives rise to functionally competent PC precursors. The latter undergo clonal expansion, dependent on inducible expression of TIGIT. We propose a model for the proliferation and programming of precursors of long-lived PCs, based on extended antigen encounters in the GC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kairavee Thakkar
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Abigail Rothrauff
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amanpreet Singh Chawla
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dianyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Louis Chi-Wai Lau
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Habib Gerges
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kashish Chetal
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Prabal Chhibbar
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jingyu Fan
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jishnu Das
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alok Joglekar
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Borghesi
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Heping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Harinder Singh
- Center for Systems Immunology and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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40
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Hou Q, Li G, Pan X, Zhong X, Geng X, Yang X, Yang X, Zhang B. Long-term supplementation of genistein improves immune homeostasis in the aged gut and extends the laying cycle of aged laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103670. [PMID: 38598909 PMCID: PMC11017059 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with alterations in gut function, including intestinal inflammation, leaky gut, and impaired epithelial regeneration. Rejuvenating the aged gut is imperative to extend the laying cycle of aged laying hens. Genistein is known to have beneficial effects on age-related diseases, but its precise role in homeostasis of the aged gut of laying hens remains to be elucidated. In this study, 160 45-wk-old Hyline Brown laying hens were continuously fed a basal diet or a diet supplemented with 40 mg/kg genistein until they reached 100 wk of age. The results revealed that long-term genistein supplementation led to an improvement in the egg production rate and feed conversion ratio, as well as an increase in egg quality. Moreover, the expression levels of senescence markers, such as β-galactosidase, P16, and P21, were decreased in the gut of genistein-treated aged laying hens. Furthermore, genistein ameliorated gut dysfunctions, such as intestinal inflammation, leaky gut, and impaired epithelial regeneration. Treg cell-derived IL-10 plays a crucial role in the genistein-induced regulation of age-related intestinal inflammation. This study demonstrates that long-term consumption of genistein improves homeostasis in the aged gut and extends the laying cycle of aged laying hens. Moreover, the link between genistein and Treg cells provides a rationale for dietary intervention against age-associated gut dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xianjie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiang Zhong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiangfei Geng
- Beijing Lab Anim Sci Tech Develp Co., LTD, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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41
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Isaias PHC, Costa FWG, Amorim PHGH, da Silva RADA, Sousa FB, Pereira KMA, Alves APNN, Mota MRL. Beyond the mouth: Uncovering non-secretory multiple myeloma through oral symptoms. Imaging Sci Dent 2024; 54:211-220. [PMID: 38948192 PMCID: PMC11211024 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20230257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is a rare cancer of plasma cells characterized by the absence of detectable monoclonal M protein in the blood or urine. A 57-year-old woman presented with mandibular pain but without intraoral swelling. Imaging studies revealed multiple osteolytic lesions in her mandible and pronounced root resorption of the left mandibular second molar. Biopsy results showed atypical plasmacytoid cells positive for anti-kappa, CD138, MUM1, and CD79a antibodies, but negative for anti-lambda and CD20. These results were indicative of a malignant plasma cell neoplasm. No abnormalities were revealed by free light chain assay or by serum or urine protein electrophoresis, leading to a diagnosis of NSMM. The patient began chemotherapy in conjunction with bisphosphonate therapy and achieved remission following treatment. This case underscores the critical role of dentists in the early detection and prevention of NSMM complications, as the disease can initially present in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Chaves Isaias
- Department of Dental Clinic, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Fábio Wildson Gurgel Costa
- Department of Dental Clinic, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabrício Bitu Sousa
- Department of Dental Clinic, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Karuza Maria Alves Pereira
- Department of Dental Clinic, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Mário Rogério Lima Mota
- Department of Dental Clinic, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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42
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Kallarakal MA, Cohen G, Ibukun FI, Krummey SM. Marginal Zone B Cells Are Necessary for the Formation of Anti-donor IgG After Allogeneic Sensitization. Transplantation 2024; 108:1357-1367. [PMID: 38361235 PMCID: PMC11136604 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The formation of anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antibodies is a significant barrier for many patients awaiting organ transplantation. Patients with preformed anti-MHC antibodies have limited options for suitable donors, and the formation of donor-specific anti-MHC antibodies after transplantation is a harbinger of graft rejection. Despite the recognized importance of anti-MHC antibodies, the mechanisms responsible for the differentiation of B cells after exposure to allogeneic antigens are poorly understood. METHODS To evaluate the differentiation of B cells in response to allogeneic antigen, we used a model of H-2 b C57Bl/6 sensitization with H-2 d antigen. We used a class I MHC tetramer-based approach to identify allogeneic B cells and flow cytometric crossmatch to identify allogeneic IgM and IgG. RESULTS We found that although the formation of anti-H-2 d IgG was robust, few class-switched B cells and germinal center B cells were formed. Antigen-specific B cells did not express classical memory B-cell markers after sensitization but had an IgM + CD21 + marginal zone B-cell phenotype. The frequency of marginal zone B cells increased after sensitization. Depletion of marginal zone B cells before sensitization or skin grafting resulted in a significant diminution of anti-H-2 d IgG and fewer germinal center B cells. Adoptive transfer experiments revealed that marginal zone B cells more efficiently differentiated into germinal center B cells and anti-donor IgG-producing cells than follicular B cells. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate an important role for marginal zone B cells as a reservoir of alloreactive B cells that are activated by allogeneic antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Francis I. Ibukun
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Scott M. Krummey
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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43
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Mu DP, Scharer CD, Kaminski NE, Zhang Q. A multiscale spatial modeling framework for the germinal center response. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1377303. [PMID: 38881901 PMCID: PMC11179717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1377303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The germinal center response or reaction (GCR) is a hallmark event of adaptive humoral immunity. Unfolding in the B cell follicles of the secondary lymphoid organs, a GC culminates in the production of high-affinity antibody-secreting plasma cells along with memory B cells. By interacting with follicular dendritic cells (FDC) and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, GC B cells exhibit complex spatiotemporal dynamics. Driving the B cell dynamics are the intracellular signal transduction and gene regulatory network that responds to cell surface signaling molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. As our knowledge of the GC continues to expand in depth and in scope, mathematical modeling has become an important tool to help disentangle the intricacy of the GCR and inform novel mechanistic and clinical insights. While the GC has been modeled at different granularities, a multiscale spatial simulation framework - integrating molecular, cellular, and tissue-level responses - is still rare. Here, we report our recent progress toward this end with a hybrid stochastic GC framework developed on the Cellular Potts Model-based CompuCell3D platform. Tellurium is used to simulate the B cell intracellular molecular network comprising NF-κB, FOXO1, MYC, AP4, CXCR4, and BLIMP1 that responds to B cell receptor (BCR) and CD40-mediated signaling. The molecular outputs of the network drive the spatiotemporal behaviors of B cells, including cyclic migration between the dark zone (DZ) and light zone (LZ) via chemotaxis; clonal proliferative bursts, somatic hypermutation, and DNA damage-induced apoptosis in the DZ; and positive selection, apoptosis via a death timer, and emergence of plasma cells in the LZ. Our simulations are able to recapitulate key molecular, cellular, and morphological GC events, including B cell population growth, affinity maturation, and clonal dominance. This novel modeling framework provides an open-source, customizable, and multiscale virtual GC simulation platform that enables qualitative and quantitative in silico investigations of a range of mechanistic and applied research questions on the adaptive humoral immune response in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek P. Mu
- Montgomery Blair High School, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Christopher D. Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Norbert E. Kaminski
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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44
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Wietschel KA, Fechtner K, Antileo E, Abdurrahman G, Drechsler CA, Makuvise MK, Rose R, Voß M, Krumbholz A, Michalik S, Weiss S, Ulm L, Franikowski P, Fickenscher H, Bröker BM, Raafat D, Holtfreter S. Non-cross-reactive epitopes dominate the humoral immune response to COVID-19 vaccination - kinetics of plasma antibodies, plasmablasts and memory B cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1382911. [PMID: 38807606 PMCID: PMC11130424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 vaccines are highly effective in inducing protective immunity. While the serum antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination has been studied in depth, our knowledge of the underlying plasmablast and memory B cell (Bmem) responses is still incomplete. Here, we determined the antibody and B cell response to COVID-19 vaccination in a naïve population and contrasted it with the response to a single influenza vaccination in a primed cohort. In addition, we analyzed the antibody and B cell responses against the four endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs). Methods Measurement of specific plasma IgG antibodies was combined with functional analyses of antibody-secreting plasmablasts and Bmems. SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-specific IgG antibodies were quantified with an in-house bead-based multiplexed immunoassay. Results The antibody and B cell responses to COVID-19 vaccination reflected the kinetics of a prime-boost immunization, characterized by a slow and moderate primary response and a faster and stronger secondary response. In contrast, the influenza vaccinees possessed robust immune memory for the vaccine antigens prior to vaccination, and the recall vaccination moderately boosted antibody production and Bmem responses. Antibody levels and Bmem responses waned several months after the 2nd COVID-19 vaccination, but were restored upon the 3rd vaccination. The COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibodies mainly targeted novel, non-cross-reactive S1 epitopes of the viral spike protein, while cross-reactive S2 epitopes were less immunogenic. Booster vaccination not only strongly enhanced neutralizing antibodies against an original SARS-CoV-2 strain, but also induced neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron BA.2 variant. We observed a 100% plasma antibody prevalence against the S1 subunits of HCoVs, which was not affected by vaccination. Discussion Overall, by complementing classical serology with a functional evaluation of plasmablasts and memory B cells we provide new insights into the specificity of COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody and B cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian A. Wietschel
- Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kevin Fechtner
- Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elmer Antileo
- Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Goran Abdurrahman
- Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Chiara A. Drechsler
- Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Ruben Rose
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mathias Voß
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andi Krumbholz
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Labor Dr. Krause und Kollegen MVZ GmbH, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Michalik
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lena Ulm
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Philipp Franikowski
- Institute for Educational Quality Improvement, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Fickenscher
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Barbara M. Bröker
- Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dina Raafat
- Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Silva Holtfreter
- Institute of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Pioli KT, Ritchie M, Haq H, Pioli PD. Jchain- DTR Mice Allow for Diphtheria Toxin-Mediated Depletion of Antibody-Secreting Cells and Evaluation of Their Differentiation Kinetics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.06.592703. [PMID: 38766257 PMCID: PMC11100621 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.06.592703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) are generated following B cell activation and constitutively secrete antibodies. As such, ASCs are key mediators of humoral immunity whether it be in the context of pathogen exposure, vaccination or even homeostatic clearance of cellular debris. Therefore, understanding basic tenants of ASC biology such as their differentiation kinetics following B cell stimulation is of importance. Towards that aim, we developed a mouse model which expresses simian HBEGF (a.k.a., diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR)) under the control of the endogenous Jchain locus (or J-DTR). ASCs from these mice expressed high levels of cell surface DTR and were acutely depleted following diphtheria toxin treatment. Furthermore, proof-of-principle experiments demonstrated the ability to use these mice to track ASC reconstitution following depletion in 3 distinct organs. Overall, J-DTR mice provide a new and highly effective genetic tool allowing for the study of ASC biology in a wide range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- KimAnh T. Pioli
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5E5 Canada
| | - Matthew Ritchie
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5E5 Canada
| | - Hira Haq
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5E5 Canada
| | - Peter D. Pioli
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5E5 Canada
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Lyu X, Gupta L, Tholouli E, Chinoy H. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy: a new emerging landscape in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:1206-1216. [PMID: 37982747 PMCID: PMC11065442 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, an innovative immune cell therapy, has revolutionized the treatment landscape of haematological malignancies. The past 2 years has witnessed the successful application of CD19-targeting CAR constructs in refractory cases of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and anti-synthetase syndrome. In comparison with existing B cell depletion therapies, targeting CD19 has demonstrated a more rapid and profound therapeutic effect, enabling drug-free remission with manageable adverse events. These promising results necessitate validation through long-term, large-sample randomized controlled studies. Corroborating the role of CAR-T therapy in refractory rheumatological disorders and affirming safety, efficacy and durability of responses are the aims of future clinical studies. Optimizing the engineering strategies and better patient selection are also critical to further refining the successful clinical implementation of CAR-T therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Rheumatic Diseases/therapy
- Rheumatic Diseases/immunology
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/therapeutic use
- Autoimmune Diseases/therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Antigens, CD19/immunology
- Antigens, CD19/therapeutic use
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/therapy
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Scleroderma, Systemic/therapy
- Scleroderma, Systemic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lyu
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Latika Gupta
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Eleni Tholouli
- Department of Haematology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Hector Chinoy
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Rheumatology, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford, UK
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Xu D, Hu J, Mei J, Zhou J, Wang Z, Zhang X, Liu Q, Su Z, Zhu W, Liu H, Zhu C. Nanoadjuvant-triggered STING activation evokes systemic immunotherapy for repetitive implant-related infections. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:82-98. [PMID: 38283386 PMCID: PMC10818060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Repetitive implant-related infections (IRIs) are devastating complications in orthopedic surgery, threatening implant survival and even the life of the host. Biofilms conceal bacterial-associated antigens (BAAs) and result in a "cold tumor"-like immune silent microenvironment, allowing the persistence of IRIs. To address this challenge, an iron-based covalent organic framed nanoadjuvant doped with curcumin and platinum (CFCP) was designed in the present study to achieve efficient treatment of IRIs by inducing a systemic immune response. Specifically, enhanced sonodynamic therapy (SDT) from CFCP combined with iron ion metabolic interference increased the release of bacterial-associated double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Immunogenic dsDNA promoted dendritic cell (DC) maturation through activation of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) and amplified the immune stimulation of neutrophils via interferon-β (IFN-β). At the same time, enhanced BAA presentation aroused humoral immunity in B and T cells, creating long-term resistance to repetitive infections. Encouragingly, CFCP served as neoadjuvant immunotherapy for sustained antibacterial protection on implants and was expected to guide clinical IRI treatment and relapse prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, PR China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Long Hua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Jiawei Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Zhengxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Zheng Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Wanbo Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, PR China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
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Johnson JT, Surette FA, Ausdahl GR, Shah M, Minns AM, Lindner SE, Zander RA, Butler NS. CD4 T Cell-Derived IL-21 Is Critical for Sustaining Plasmodium Infection-Induced Germinal Center Responses and Promoting the Selection of Memory B Cells with Recall Potential. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1467-1478. [PMID: 38477614 PMCID: PMC11018477 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Development of Plasmodium-specific humoral immunity is critically dependent on CD4 Th cell responses and germinal center (GC) reactions during blood-stage Plasmodium infection. IL-21, a cytokine primarily produced by CD4 T cells, is an essential regulator of affinity maturation, isotype class-switching, B cell differentiation, and maintenance of GC reactions in response to many infection and immunization models. In models of experimental malaria, mice deficient in IL-21 or its receptor IL-21R fail to develop memory B cell populations and are not protected against secondary infection. However, whether sustained IL-21 signaling in ongoing GCs is required for maintaining GC magnitude, organization, and output is unclear. In this study, we report that CD4+ Th cells maintain IL-21 expression after resolution of primary Plasmodium yoelii infection. We generated an inducible knockout mouse model that enabled cell type-specific and timed deletion of IL-21 in peripheral, mature CD4 T cells. We found that persistence of IL-21 signaling in active GCs had no impact on the magnitude of GC reactions or their capacity to produce memory B cell populations. However, the memory B cells generated in the absence of IL-21 exhibited reduced recall function upon challenge. Our data support that IL-21 prevents premature cellular dissolution within the GC and promotes stringency of selective pressures during B cell fate determination required to produce high-quality Plasmodium-specific memory B cells. These data are additionally consistent with a temporal requirement for IL-21 in fine-tuning humoral immune memory responses during experimental malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan T. Johnson
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Fionna A. Surette
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Graham R. Ausdahl
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
| | - Manan Shah
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
| | - Allen M. Minns
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Huck Center for Malaria Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania USA
| | - Scott E. Lindner
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Huck Center for Malaria Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania USA
| | - Ryan A. Zander
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
| | - Noah S. Butler
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa USA
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49
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Zhou Y, Guo R, Xia X, Jing S, Lu J, Ruan Z, Luo S, Huan X, Zhao C, Chang T, Xi J. A predictive nomogram for short-term outcomes of myasthenia gravis patients treated with low-dose rituximab. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14761. [PMID: 38739094 PMCID: PMC11090079 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to establish and validate a predictive nomogram for the short-term clinical outcomes of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients treated with low-dose rituximab. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 108 patients who received rituximab of 600 mg every 6 months in Huashan Hospital and Tangdu Hospital. Of them, 76 patients from Huashan Hospital were included in the derivation cohort to develop the predictive nomogram, which was externally validated using 32 patients from Tangdu Hospital. The clinical response is defined as a ≥ 3 points decrease in QMG score within 6 months. Both clinical and genetic characteristics were included to screen predictors via multivariate logistic regression. Discrimination and calibration were measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow test, respectively. RESULTS Disease duration (OR = 0.987, p = 0.032), positive anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibodies (OR = 19.8, p = 0.007), and genotypes in FCGR2A rs1801274 (AG: OR = 0.131, p = 0.024;GG:OR = 0.037, p = 0.010) were independently associated with clinical response of post-rituximab patients. The nomogram identified MG patients with clinical response with an AUC-ROC (95% CI) of 0.875 (0.798-0.952) in the derivation cohort and 0.741(0.501-0.982) in the validation cohort. Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a good calibration (derivation: Chi-square = 3.181, p = 0.923; validation: Chi-square = 8.098, p = 0.424). CONCLUSIONS The nomogram achieved an optimal prediction of short-term outcomes in patients treated with low-dose rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Rongjing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xingyu Xia
- Department of Neurology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Sisi Jing
- Department of Neurology, Banan HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Zhe Ruan
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Sushan Luo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao Huan
- Department of Neurology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Chang
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jianying Xi
- Department of Neurology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DiseasesShanghaiChina
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Lecoeur A, Blanc F, Gourichon D, Bruneau N, Burlot T, Pinard-van der Laan MH, Calenge F. Host genetics drives differences in cecal microbiota composition and immune traits of laying hens raised in the same environment. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103609. [PMID: 38547541 PMCID: PMC11000118 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most effective strategies for preventing infectious diseases but individual vaccine responses are highly heterogeneous. Host genetics and gut microbiota composition are 2 likely drivers of this heterogeneity. We studied 94 animals belonging to 4 lines of laying hens: a White Leghorn experimental line genetically selected for a high antibody response against the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) vaccine (ND3) and its unselected control line (CTR), and 2 commercial lines (White Leghorn [LEG] and Rhode Island Red [RIR]). Animals were reared in the same conditions from hatching to 42 d of age, and animals from different genetic lines were mixed. Animals were vaccinated at 22 d of age and their humoral vaccine response against NDV was assessed by hemagglutination inhibition assay and ELISA from blood samples collected at 15, 19, and 21 d after vaccination. The immune parameters studied were the 3 immunoglobulins subtypes A, M, and Y and the blood cell composition was assessed by flow cytometry. The composition of the cecal microbiota was assessed at the end of the experiment by analyzing amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences to obtain amplicon sequence variants (ASV). The 4 lines showed significantly different levels of NDV vaccine response at the 3 measured points, with, logically, a higher response of the genetically selected ND3 line, and intermediate and low responses for the unselected CTR control line and for the 2 commercial lines, respectively. The ND3 line displayed also a higher proportion of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgY). The RIR line showed the most different blood cell composition. The 4 lines showed significantly different microbiota characteristics: composition, abundances at all taxonomic levels, and correlations between genera and vaccine response. The tested genetic lines differ for immune parameters and gut microbiota composition and functions. These phenotypic differences can be attributed to genetic differences between lines. Causal relationships between both types of parameters are discussed and will be investigated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Lecoeur
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France.
| | - Fany Blanc
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
| | | | - Nicolas Bruneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
| | | | | | - Fanny Calenge
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
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