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Sun Q, Xing X, Wang H, Wan K, Fan R, Liu C, Wang Y, Wu W, Wang Y, Wang R. SCD1 is the critical signaling hub to mediate metabolic diseases: Mechanism and the development of its inhibitors. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115586. [PMID: 38042113 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases, featured with dysregulated energy homeostasis, have become major global health challenges. Patients with metabolic diseases have high probability to manifest multiple complications in lipid metabolism, e.g. obesity, insulin resistance and fatty liver. Therefore, targeting the hub genes in lipid metabolism may systemically ameliorate the metabolic diseases, along with the complications. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1(SCD1) is a key enzyme that desaturates the saturated fatty acids (SFAs) derived from de novo lipogenesis or diet to generate monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). SCD1 maintains the metabolic and tissue homeostasis by responding to, and integrating the multiple layers of endogenous stimuli, which is mediated by the synthesized MUFAs. It critically regulates a myriad of physiological processes, including energy homeostasis, development, autophagy, tumorigenesis and inflammation. Aberrant transcriptional and epigenetic activation of SCD1 regulates AMPK/ACC, SIRT1/PGC1α, NcDase/Wnt, etc, and causes aberrant lipid accumulation, thereby promoting the progression of obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, diabetes and cancer. This review critically assesses the integrative mechanisms of the (patho)physiological functions of SCD1 in metabolic homeostasis, inflammation and autophagy. For translational perspective, potent SCD1 inhibitors have been developed to treat various types of cancer. We thus discuss the multidisciplinary advances that greatly accelerate the development of SCD1 new inhibitors. In conclusion, besides cancer treatment, SCD1 may serve as the promising target to combat multiple metabolic complications simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaorui Xing
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huanyu Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Kang Wan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruobing Fan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yongjian Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Bedoya-Guzmán FA, Pacheco-Herrero M, Salomon-Cruz ID, Barrera-Sandoval AM, Gutierrez Vargas JA, Villamil-Ortiz JG, Villegas Lanau CA, Arias-Londoño JD, Area-Gomez E, Cardona Gomez GP. BACE1 and SCD1 are associated with neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1194203. [PMID: 37744400 PMCID: PMC10516302 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1194203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Proteolytic processing of amyloid protein precursor by β-site secretase enzyme (BACE1) is dependent on the cellular lipid composition and is affected by endomembrane trafficking in dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid monounsaturation (MUFAs), whose accumulation is strongly associated with cognitive dysfunction. Methods In this study, we analyzed the relationship between BACE1 and SCD1 in vivo and in vitro neurodegenerative models and their association in familial AD (FAD), sporadic AD (SAD), and cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) using microscopy, biochemical, and mass SPECT approach. Results Our findings showed that BACE1 and SCD1 immunoreactivities were increased and colocalized in astrocytes of the hippocampus in a rat model of global cerebral ischemia (2-VO). A synergistic effect of double BACE1/SCD1 silencing on the recovery of motor and cognitive functions was obtained. This neuroprotective regulation involved the segregation of phospholipids (PLs) associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids in the hippocampus, cerebrospinal fluid, and serum. The double silencing in the sham and ischemic groups was stronger in the serum, inducing an inverse ratio between total phosphatydilcholine (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), represented mainly by the reduction of PC 38:4 and PC 36:4 and an increase in LPC 16:0 and LPC 18:0. Furthermore, PC 38:4 and PC:36:4 levels augmented in pathological conditions in in vitro AD models. BACE1 and SCD1 increases were confirmed in the hippocampus of FAD, SAD, and CADASIL. Conclusion Therefore, the findings suggest a novel convergence of BACE-1 and SCD1 in neurodegeneration, related to pro-inflammatory phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferley A. Bedoya-Guzmán
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mar Pacheco-Herrero
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Ivan Daniel Salomon-Cruz
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Angela Maria Barrera-Sandoval
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Johanna Andrea Gutierrez Vargas
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud del Adulto Mayor (GISAM), Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Javier Gustavo Villamil-Ortiz
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Andres Villegas Lanau
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gloria Patricia Cardona Gomez
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
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Šarac I, Debeljak-Martačić J, Takić M, Stevanović V, Milešević J, Zeković M, Popović T, Jovanović J, Vidović NK. Associations of fatty acids composition and estimated desaturase activities in erythrocyte phospholipids with biochemical and clinical indicators of cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic Serbian women: the role of level of adiposity. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1065578. [PMID: 37545582 PMCID: PMC10397414 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1065578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fatty acids (FAs) composition and desaturase activities can be altered in different metabolic conditions, but the adiposity-independent associations with clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the associations of FAs composition and estimated desaturase activities with anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical cardiometabolic risk indicators in non-diabetic Serbian women, and to investigate if these associations were independent of the level of adiposity and other confounders. Methods In 76 non-diabetic, otherwise healthy Serbian women, aged 24-68 years, with or without metabolic syndrome or obesity (BMI=23.6±5.6 kg/m2), FA composition in erythrocyte phospholipids was measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Desaturase activities were estimated from product/precursor FAs ratios (D9D:16:1n-7/16:0; D6D:20:3n-6/18:2n-6; D5D:20:4n-6/20:3n-6). Correlations were made with anthropometric, biochemical (serum glucose, triacylglycerols, LDL-C, HDL-C, ALT, AST, and their ratios) and clinical (blood pressure) indicators of cardiometabolic risk. Linear regression models were performed to test the independence of these associations. Results Estimated desaturase activities and certain FAs were associated with anthropometric, clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk: D9D, D6D, 16:1n-7 and 20:3n-6 were directly associated, while D5D and 18:0 were inversely associated. However, the associations with clinical and biochemical indicators were not independent of the associations with the level of adiposity, since they were lost after controlling for anthropometric indices. After controlling for multiple confounders (age, postmenopausal status, education, smoking, physical activity, dietary macronutrient intakes, use of supplements, alcohol consumption), the level of adiposity was the most significant predictor of desaturase activities and aforementioned FAs levels, and mediated their association with biochemical/clinical indicators. Vice versa, desaturase activities predicted the level of adiposity, but not other components of cardiometabolic risk (if the level of adiposity was accounted). While the associations of anthropometric indices with 16:1n-7, 20:3n-6, 18:0 and D9D and D6D activities were linear, the associations with D5D activity were the inverse U-shaped. The only adiposity-independent association of FAs profiles with the indicators of cardiometabolic risk was a positive association of 20:5n-3 with ALT/AST ratio, which requires further exploration. Discussion Additional studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Takić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vuk Stevanović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milešević
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeković
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Popović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Jovanović
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nevena Kardum Vidović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Identification of Scd5 as a functional regulator of visceral fat deposition and distribution. iScience 2022; 25:103916. [PMID: 35252813 PMCID: PMC8889148 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic deposition of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in abdomen is usually accompanied with systematic chaos of energy metabolism, a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. Here, we identified a previously unexplored gene Scd5 as a master regulator of fat distribution, which alone plays a significant role in determining the VAT accumulation. Firstly, zebrafish scd5 had the highest homology with human SCD5 compared to other SCDs in mouse and rat. We then observed that scd5-homozygous mutant zebrafish displayed a puffy, short and rounded apple-shaped figure. Whole-mount micro-CT scan showed that excessive VAT deposition and short spine are responsible for the abnormal body ratio. And the supplementation of ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω3-PUFA) in dietary significantly decreased VAT accumulation in scd5−/− zebrafish. Lastly, transcriptional analyses revealed that the Wnt, PPAR, C/EBP, and fat synthesis signaling pathways are significantly affected in the VAT of scd5−/− mutant and restored by ω3-PUFA. Zebrafish scd5 is a better match of homolog to human SCD5 scd5 deficiency induced significant VAT depositions in zebrafish Supplementation of ω3-PUFA significantly reduced the VAT deposition in scd5 mutants
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Pan G, Cavalli M, Wadelius C. Polymorphisms rs55710213 and rs56334587 regulate SCD1 expression by modulating HNF4A binding. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2021; 1864:194724. [PMID: 34171462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2021.194724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) gene at 10q24.31 encodes the rate limiting enzyme SCD1 that catalyzes the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) from saturated fatty acids (SFAs). Dysregulated SCD1 activity has been observed in many human diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome and several types of cancer. HNF4A is a central regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism and previous studies suggested that it is deeply involved in regulating the SCD1 activity in the liver. However, the underlying mechanisms on whether and how SCD1 is regulated by HNF4A have not been explored in detail. In this study, we found that HNF4A regulates SCD1 expression by directly binding to the key regulatory regions in the SCD1 locus. Knocking down of HNF4A significantly downregulated the expression of SCD1. Variants rs55710213 and rs56334587 in intron 5 of SCD1 directly reside in a canonical HNF4A binding site. The GG haplotype of rs55710213 and rs56334587 is associated with decreased SCD1 activity by disrupting the binding of HNF4A, which further decreased the enhancer activity and SCD1 expression. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that SCD1 is directly regulated by HNF4A, which may be helpful in the understanding of the altered metabolic pathways in many diseases associated with dysregulated SCD1 or HNF4A or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Pan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Marco Cavalli
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claes Wadelius
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Polymorphisms in the stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene modify blood glucose response to dietary oils varying in MUFA content in adults with obesity. Br J Nutr 2021; 127:503-512. [PMID: 33829984 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521001264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diets varying in SFA and MUFA content can impact glycaemic control; however, whether underlying differences in genetic make-up can influence blood glucose responses to these dietary fatty acids is unknown. We examined the impact of dietary oils varying in SFA/MUFA content on changes in blood glucose levels (primary outcome) and whether these changes were modified by variants in the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene (secondary outcome). Obese men and women participating in the randomised, crossover, isoenergetic, controlled-feeding Canola Oil Multicenter Intervention Trial II consumed three dietary oils for 6 weeks, with washout periods of ˜6 weeks between each treatment. Diets studied included a high SFA/low MUFA Control oil (36·6 % SFA/28·2 % MUFA), a conventional canola oil (6·2 % SFA/63·1 % MUFA) and a high-oleic acid canola oil (5·8 % SFA/74·7 % MUFA). No differences in fasting blood glucose were observed following the consumption of the dietary oils. However, when stratified by SCD genotypes, significant SNP-by-treatment interactions on blood glucose response were found with additive models for rs1502593 (P = 0·01), rs3071 (P = 0·02) and rs522951 (P = 0·03). The interaction for rs3071 remained significant (P = 0·005) when analysed with a recessive model, where individuals carrying the CC genotype showed an increase (0·14 (sem 0·09) mmol/l) in blood glucose levels with the Control oil diet, but reductions in blood glucose with both MUFA oil diets. Individuals carrying the AA and AC genotypes experienced reductions in blood glucose in response to all three oils. These findings identify a potential new target for personalised nutrition approaches aimed at improving glycaemic control.
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Kuppusamy P, Ilavenil S, Hwang IH, Kim D, Choi KC. Ferulic Acid Stimulates Adipocyte-Specific Secretory Proteins to Regulate Adipose Homeostasis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071984. [PMID: 33915783 PMCID: PMC8037266 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has recently emerged as a public health issue facing developing countries in the world. It is caused by the accumulation of fat in adipose, characterized by insulin resistance, excessive lipid accumulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress, leading to an increase in adipokine levels. Herein, we investigated the capacity of a bioactive polyphenolic compound (ferulic acid (FA)) to control adipocyte dysfunction in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (in vitro). Key adipocyte differentiation markers, glycerol content, lipolysis-associated mRNA, and proteins were measured in experimental adipocytes. FA-treated adipocytes exhibited downregulated key adipocyte differentiation factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAT enhancer binding-proteins-α (C/EBP-α) and its downstream targets in a time-dependent manner. The FA-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed an increased release of glycerol content compared with non-treated adipocytes. Also, FA treatment significantly up-regulated the lipolysis-related factors, including p-HSL, and p-perilipin, and down-regulated ApoD, Sema3C, Cxcl12, Sfrp2, p-stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), adiponectin, and Grk5. Also, the FA treatment showed significantly down-regulated adipokines leptin, chemerin, and irisin than the non-treated cells. The present findings indicated that FA showed significant anti-adipogenic and lipogenic activities by regulating key adipocyte factors and enzyme, enhanced lipolysis by HSL/perilipin cascade. FA is considered a potent molecule to prevent obesity and its associated metabolic changes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaniselvam Kuppusamy
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 330-801, Korea; (P.K.); (S.I.)
| | - Soundharrajan Ilavenil
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 330-801, Korea; (P.K.); (S.I.)
| | - In Ho Hwang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Dahye Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeonju 63294, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.K.); (K.C.C.); Tel.: +82-64-754-3317 (D.K.); +82-41-580-6752 (K.C.C.); Fax: +82-64-756-3348 (D.K.); +82-41-580-6779 (K.C.C.)
| | - Ki Choon Choi
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 330-801, Korea; (P.K.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.); (K.C.C.); Tel.: +82-64-754-3317 (D.K.); +82-41-580-6752 (K.C.C.); Fax: +82-64-756-3348 (D.K.); +82-41-580-6779 (K.C.C.)
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Oatman N, Dasgupta N, Arora P, Choi K, Gawali MV, Gupta N, Parameswaran S, Salomone J, Reisz JA, Lawler S, Furnari F, Brennan C, Wu J, Sallans L, Gudelsky G, Desai P, Gebelein B, Weirauch MT, D'Alessandro A, Komurov K, Dasgupta B. Mechanisms of stearoyl CoA desaturase inhibitor sensitivity and acquired resistance in cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabd7459. [PMID: 33568479 PMCID: PMC7875532 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd7459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The lipogenic enzyme stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) plays a key role in tumor lipid metabolism and membrane architecture. SCD is often up-regulated and a therapeutic target in cancer. Here, we report the unexpected finding that median expression of SCD is low in glioblastoma relative to normal brain due to hypermethylation and unintentional monoallelic co-deletion with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in a subset of patients. Cell lines from this subset expressed undetectable SCD, yet retained residual SCD enzymatic activity. Unexpectedly, these lines evolved to survive independent of SCD through unknown mechanisms. Cell lines that escaped such genetic and epigenetic alterations expressed higher levels of SCD and were highly dependent on SCD for survival. Last, we identify that SCD-dependent lines acquire resistance through a previously unknown FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (FOSB)-mediated mechanism. Accordingly, FOSB inhibition blunted acquired resistance and extended survival of tumor-bearing mice treated with SCD inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Oatman
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nupur Dasgupta
- Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Priyanka Arora
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mruniya V Gawali
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nishtha Gupta
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sreeja Parameswaran
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph Salomone
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sean Lawler
- Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Furnari
- Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Jianqiang Wu
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Larry Sallans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gary Gudelsky
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Pankaj Desai
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brian Gebelein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kakajan Komurov
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Biplab Dasgupta
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Liu Z, Yin X, Mai H, Li G, Lin Z, Jie W, Li K, Zhou H, Wei S, Hu L, Peng W, Lin J, Yao F, Tao H, Xiong XD, Li K. SCD rs41290540 single-nucleotide polymorphism modifies miR-498 binding and is associated with a decreased risk of coronary artery disease. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1136. [PMID: 31965762 PMCID: PMC7057097 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of coronary artery disease (CAD), and stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD) is associated with atherosclerosis. However, the associations between variants of SCD and CAD have not yet been decided. Methods This study analyzed SCD rs41290540 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3′‐untranslated region for an association with a risk of CAD among the Chinese Han population. CAD patients and controls were genotyped for SNP rs41290540 in SCD by SNaPshot. The binding affinity of miR‐498 to rs41290540 was determined by a luciferase assay, and SCD expression was assessed using Western blot. Results A total of 969 CAD patients and 1,095 control subjects were involved in this study. The SCD rs41290540CC genotype is associated with a decreased risk of CAD compared with the AA genotype. Furthermore, the CC genotype is associated with lower serum total cholesterol (TC). Western blot analysis demonstrated that miR‐498 suppressed the expression of SCD. A luciferase assay confirmed that rs41290540 A>C variation in the SCD 3′UTR inhibits miR‐498 binding. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the SCD rs41290540 may be associated with a decreased risk of CAD, lower serum TC, and decreased miR‐498 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Liu
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hui Mai
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guangning Li
- Department of Neurology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Lin
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wanxin Jie
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Kanglan Li
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haihong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shouchao Wei
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wanjuan Peng
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiajing Lin
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Feng Yao
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua Tao
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xing-Dong Xiong
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Keshen Li
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Stroke Center, Neurology & Neurosurgery Division, Clinical Neuroscience Institute & The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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The Novel Perspectives of Adipokines on Brain Health. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225638. [PMID: 31718027 PMCID: PMC6887733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
First seen as a fat-storage tissue, the adipose tissue is considered as a critical player in the endocrine system. Precisely, adipose tissue can produce an array of bioactive factors, including cytokines, lipids, and extracellular vesicles, which target various systemic organ systems to regulate metabolism, homeostasis, and immune response. The global effects of adipokines on metabolic events are well defined, but their impacts on brain function and pathology remain poorly defined. Receptors of adipokines are widely expressed in the brain. Mounting evidence has shown that leptin and adiponectin can cross the blood–brain barrier, while evidence for newly identified adipokines is limited. Significantly, adipocyte secretion is liable to nutritional and metabolic states, where defective circuitry, impaired neuroplasticity, and elevated neuroinflammation are symptomatic. Essentially, neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory properties of adipokines underlie their neuroprotective roles in neurodegenerative diseases. Besides, adipocyte-secreted lipids in the bloodstream can act endocrine on the distant organs. In this article, we have reviewed five adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, chemerin, apelin, visfatin) and two lipokines (palmitoleic acid and lysophosphatidic acid) on their roles involving in eating behavior, neurotrophic and neuroprotective factors in the brain. Understanding and regulating these adipokines can lead to novel therapeutic strategies to counteract metabolic associated eating disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, thus promote brain health.
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11
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Associations of maternal and fetal SCD-1 markers with infant anthropometry and maternal diet: Findings from the ROLO study. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:2129-2136. [PMID: 31708235 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1) activity showed associations with obesity in cross-sectional studies. In non-pregnant populations, nutrition regulates SCD-1 transcription and activity. OBJECTIVE To investigate the longitudinal associations of maternal and fetal SCD-1 activity markers with infant anthropometry up to 2 years of age, and to explore how selected dietary intakes modulate SCD-1 activity in pregnancy. METHODS As a secondary analysis from the ROLO intervention study, which was conducted in a population at risk for macrosomia, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) from maternal plasma at 13 and 28 weeks' gestation and in cord blood were measured via liquid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry. Fatty acid ratios 18:1/18:0 and 16:1/16:0 were used as markers for SCD-1 activity ('desaturation indices', DIs). Relationships of DIs with infant anthropometry up to 2 years of age and maternal dietary parameters during pregnancy were investigated using adjusted linear regression models and p-values correction for multiple testing. RESULTS 18:1/18:0, but not 16:1/16:0, was associated with measures of infant anthropometry at birth (maternal and fetal markers) and up to 2 years of age (maternal markers only). Dietary intakes did not show strong associations with 18:1/18:0, but 16:1/16:0 was associated with absolute and relative dietary intakes. CONCLUSIONS In a population at risk for macrosomia, maternal SCD-1 activity measured via 18:1/18:0 was involved in the fetal programming of infant obesity, but could not be substantially modulated by short-term diet in pregnancy. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registration number: ISRCTN54392969 (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN54392969).
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12
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Michael N, Gupta V, Sadananthan SA, Sampathkumar A, Chen L, Pan H, Tint MT, Lee KJ, Loy SL, Aris IM, Shek LPC, Yap FKP, Godfrey KM, Leow MKS, Lee YS, Kramer MS, Henry CJ, Fortier MV, Seng Chong Y, Gluckman PD, Karnani N, Velan SS. Determinants of intramyocellular lipid accumulation in early childhood. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:1141-1151. [PMID: 31462692 PMCID: PMC7188663 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objectives Accumulation of lipid droplets inside skeletal muscle fibers (intramyocellular lipids or IMCL) with increasing obesity has been linked to skeletal muscle insulin resistance and risk of type 2 diabetes in both adults and prepubertal children. We aimed to evaluate the associations of race, genotype, prenatal factors, and postnatal factors with IMCL in early childhood. Subjects/Methods This study was a secondary analysis performed on the GUSTO birth cohort. Soleus muscle IMCL of 392 children at 4.5 years of age was measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, of which usable imaging data were obtained from 277 children (137 Chinese, 87 Malays, and 53 Indians). Metabolic assessments (fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR) were performed at age 6. Results The mean IMCL level at 4.5 years was 0.481 ± 0.279% of water resonance (mean ± sd). Corroborating with results from adults, Indian children had the highest IMCL levels compared with Malay and Chinese children. Among the prenatal factors, the rate of gestational weight gain (GWG rate) was associated with offspring IMCL (B = 0.396 (0.069, 0.724); p = 0.018). Both race and GWG rate continued to be associated with offspring IMCL even after accounting for current offspring BMI. Postnatally, IMCL was associated with shorter breastfeeding duration (B = 0.065 (0.001, 0.128); p = 0.045) and conditional relative weight gain between ages 2 and 3 (B = 0.052 (0.012, 0.093); p = 0.012). The associations with postnatal factors were attenuated after adjusting for current offspring BMI. IMCL was positively associated with offspring BMI (B = 0.028 (0.012, 0.044); p = 0.001). IMCL levels were not associated with fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR at age 6. Conclusion This study provides evidence that IMCL accumulation occurs in early childhood and that developmental factors and race are associated with it. We also show that early childhood IMCL accumulation is well tolerated, suggesting that the adverse associations between IMCL and insulin resistance may emerge at older ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Varsha Gupta
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suresh Anand Sadananthan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aparna Sampathkumar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Chen
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Pan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mya Thway Tint
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kuan Jin Lee
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - See Ling Loy
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Kok Peng Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Melvin K-S Leow
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael S Kramer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Departments of Pediatrics and of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christiani Jeyakumar Henry
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marielle Valerie Fortier
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - S Sendhil Velan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore. .,Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
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13
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Ali Abd El-Aal Y, Mohamed Abdel-Fattah D, El-Dawy Ahmed K. Some biochemical studies on trans fatty acid-containing diet. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1753-1757. [PMID: 31235089 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
trans fatty acids (TFA's) are unsaturated fatty acid which have one or more double bond, they are present naturally and most of it is artificial, fried, baked food and margarine are major sources of TFA, there are several biological effects of TFAs on body health, various study showed that dietary TFA associated with various health disorders such as Diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), Obesity, breast cancer, prostatic cancer infertility, and coronary artery disease (CAD). The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015 encourages eliminations of trans fatty acids. The diet which related to non-communicable diseases include TFA should be eliminated, WHO's European Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2015-2020 suggested that TFAs should be less than 1% of the daily energy intake include natural origin. So the aim of this review, to know more than about trans acids, their nature, sources, and their different effect on health and how can analysis it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Ali Abd El-Aal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, October 6 University, Egypt.
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14
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Fatty Acid Desaturase Involvement in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Rat Models: Oxidative Stress Versus Metalloproteinases. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040799. [PMID: 30965590 PMCID: PMC6521187 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated changes in fatty acid desaturases, D5D, D6D, D9-16D and D9-18D, and their relationship with oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and serum TNF-alpha in two rat models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats fed for 3 weeks with methionine-choline–deficient (MCD) diet and eleven-week-old Obese male Zucker rats were used. Serum levels of hepatic enzymes and TNF-alpha were quantified. Hepatic oxidative stress (ROS, TBARS and GSH content) and MMP-2 and MMP-9 (protein expression and activity) were evaluated. Liver fatty acid profiling, performed by GC-MS, was used for the quantification of desaturase activities. Higher D5D and D9-16D were found in Obese Zucker rats as well as an increase in D9-18D in MCD rats. D6D was found only in MCD rats. A negative correlation between D5D and D9-16D versus TBARS, ROS and TNF-alpha and a positive correlation with GSH were shown in fatty livers besides a positive correlation between D9-18D versus TBARS, ROS and TNF-alpha and a negative correlation with GSH. A positive correlation between D5D or D9-16D or D9-18D versus protein expression and the activity of MMP-2 were found. NAFLD animal models showed comparable serum enzymes. These results reinforce and extend findings on the identification of therapeutic targets able to counteract NAFLD disorder.
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15
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Satogami K, Tseng PT, Su KP, Takahashi S, Ukai S, Li DJ, Chen TY, Lin PY, Chen YW, Matsuoka YJ. Relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acid and eating disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019; 142:11-19. [PMID: 30773209 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Eating disorders result in poor nutrition, poor physical conditions and even suicidality and mortality. Although polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have attracted attention in the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry, their role in eating disorders remains unknown. This meta-analysis investigates the differences of PUFA levels between patients with eating disorders and healthy controls, and the potentially beneficial effects of PUFAs in such patients. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search and meta-analysis under the random effects model. RESULT Eleven studies were included in the current meta-analysis. Compared with controls, 379 patients with eating disorders had significantly higher plasma levels of alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, stearidonic acid, osbond acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, and total omega-3 fatty acids; and lower levels of total omega-6 fatty acids and omega-6/omega-3 ratio. Eating disorders were associated with significantly higher red blood cell membrane levels of palmitoleic acid and oleic acid and lower levels of adrenic acid, arachidonic acid, and total omega-6 fatty acids. In addition, PUFA supplements were associated with a benefit to body weight outcomes but not disease severity and mood symptoms in interventional trials. DISCUSSION This meta-analysis indicates abnormal levels of PUFAs in peripheral blood tissues in patients with eating disorders. The relationship between PUFAs and eating disorders should be interpreted cautiously considering the specific lipid metabolism under starvation state. To investigate the role of PUFAs on psychopathological and therapeutic effects in eating disorders, further larger clinical studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Satogami
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Ping-Tao Tseng
- WinShine Clinics in Specialty of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shun Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ukai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Dian-Jeng Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Chen
- Prospect Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology & Neurology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yutaka J Matsuoka
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Health Care Research, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center Japan, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Matejcic M, Lesueur F, Biessy C, Renault AL, Mebirouk N, Yammine S, Keski-Rahkonen P, Li K, Hémon B, Weiderpass E, Rebours V, Boutron-Ruault MC, Carbonnel F, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Kuhn T, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Palli D, Agnoli C, Panico S, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Quirós JR, Duell EJ, Porta M, Sánchez MJ, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Amiano P, Ye W, Peeters PH, Khaw KT, Perez-Cornago A, Key TJ, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Riboli E, Vineis P, Romieu I, Gunter MJ, Chajès V. Circulating plasma phospholipid fatty acids and risk of pancreatic cancer in a large European cohort. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2437-2448. [PMID: 30110135 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/11/2024]
Abstract
There are both limited and conflicting data on the role of dietary fat and specific fatty acids in the development of pancreatic cancer. In this study, we investigated the association between plasma phospholipid fatty acids and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. The fatty acid composition was measured by gas chromatography in plasma samples collected at recruitment from375 incident pancreatic cancer cases and375 matched controls. Associations of specific fatty acids with pancreatic cancer risk were evaluated using multivariable conditional logistic regression models with adjustment for established pancreatic cancer risk factors. Statistically significant inverse associations were found between pancreatic cancer incidence and levels of heptadecanoic acid (ORT3-T1 [odds ratio for highest versus lowest tertile] =0.63; 95%CI[confidence interval] = 0.41-0.98; ptrend = 0.036), n-3 polyunsaturated α-linolenic acid (ORT3-T1 = 0.60; 95%CI = 0.39-0.92; ptrend = 0.02) and docosapentaenoic acid (ORT3-T1 = 0.52; 95%CI = 0.32-0.85; ptrend = 0.008). Industrial trans-fatty acids were positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk among men (ORT3-T1 = 3.00; 95%CI = 1.13-7.99; ptrend = 0.029), while conjugated linoleic acids were inversely related to pancreatic cancer among women only (ORT3-T1 = 0.37; 95%CI = 0.17-0.81; ptrend = 0.008). Among current smokers, the long-chain n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio was positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk (ORT3-T1 = 3.40; 95%CI = 1.39-8.34; ptrend = 0.007). Results were robust to a range of sensitivity analyses. Our findings suggest that higher circulating levels of saturated fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may be related to lower risk of pancreatic cancer. The influence of some fatty acids on the development of pancreatic cancer may be sex-specific and modulated by smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matejcic
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - F Lesueur
- Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Inserm, U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- PSL University, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - C Biessy
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - A L Renault
- Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Inserm, U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- PSL University, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - N Mebirouk
- Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Inserm, U900, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- PSL University, Paris, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France
| | - S Yammine
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - K Li
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - B Hémon
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - E Weiderpass
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - V Rebours
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Beaujon Hospital, University Paris 7, Clichy, France
| | - M C Boutron-Ruault
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Health across Generations Team, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMRS, Villejuif, France
| | - F Carbonnel
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Health across Generations Team, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMRS, Villejuif, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bicêtre University Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - R Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Kuhn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Boeing
- Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - A Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - D Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - C Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S Panico
- Clinical Medicine and Surgery Department, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, ASP, "Civic - M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, Ragusa, Italy
| | - C Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Citta' della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin and Centre for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | - J R Quirós
- EPIC Asturias, Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Spain
| | - E J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Porta
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute - IMIM, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M J Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - M D Chirlaque
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Barricarte
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - P Amiano
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research institute, San Sebastian, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - W Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Medical Biobank at Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - P H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - K T Khaw
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - E Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Vineis
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - I Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - M J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - V Chajès
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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17
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Pettit AP, Jonsson WO, Bargoud AR, Mirek ET, Peelor FF, Wang Y, Gettys TW, Kimball SR, Miller BF, Hamilton KL, Wek RC, Anthony TG. Dietary Methionine Restriction Regulates Liver Protein Synthesis and Gene Expression Independently of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 Phosphorylation in Mice. J Nutr 2017; 147:1031-1040. [PMID: 28446632 PMCID: PMC5443467 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.246710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (p-eIF2) during dietary amino acid insufficiency reduces protein synthesis and alters gene expression via the integrated stress response (ISR).Objective: We explored whether a Met-restricted (MR) diet activates the ISR to reduce body fat and regulate protein balance.Methods: Male and female mice aged 3-6 mo with either whole-body deletion of general control nonderepressible 2 (Gcn2) or liver-specific deletion of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (Perk) alongside wild-type or floxed control mice were fed an obesogenic diet sufficient in Met (0.86%) or an MR (0.12% Met) diet for ≤5 wk. Ala enrichment with deuterium was measured to calculate protein synthesis rates. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity of eIF2B was measured alongside p-eIF2 and hepatic mRNA expression levels at 2 d and 5 wk. Metabolic phenotyping was conducted at 4 wk, and body composition was measured throughout. Results were evaluated with the use of ANOVA (P < 0.05).Results: Feeding an MR diet for 2 d did not increase hepatic p-eIF2 or reduce eIF2B activity in wild-type or Gcn2-/- mice, yet many genes transcriptionally regulated by the ISR were altered in both strains in the same direction and amplitude. Feeding an MR diet for 5 wk increased p-eIF2 and reduced eIF2B activity in wild-type but not Gcn2-/- mice, yet ISR-regulated genes altered in both strains similarly. Furthermore, the MR diet reduced mixed and cytosolic but not mitochondrial protein synthesis in both the liver and skeletal muscle regardless of Gcn2 status. Despite the similarities between strains, the MR diet did not increase energy expenditure or reduce body fat in Gcn2-/- mice. Finally, feeding the MR diet to mice with Perk deleted in the liver increased hepatic p-eIF2 and altered body composition similar to floxed controls.Conclusions: Hepatic activation of the ISR resulting from an MR diet does not require p-eIF2. Gcn2 status influences body fat loss but not protein balance when Met is restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley P Pettit
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - William O Jonsson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Albert R Bargoud
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Emily T Mirek
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Frederick F Peelor
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Yongping Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Scot R Kimball
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA; and
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Karyn L Hamilton
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Ronald C Wek
- Department of Biochemistry of Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Tracy G Anthony
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ;
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Alsharari ZD, Risérus U, Leander K, Sjögren P, Carlsson AC, Vikström M, Laguzzi F, Gigante B, Cederholm T, De Faire U, Hellénius ML, Marklund M. Serum Fatty Acids, Desaturase Activities and Abdominal Obesity - A Population-Based Study of 60-Year Old Men and Women. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170684. [PMID: 28125662 PMCID: PMC5270324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal obesity is a key contributor of metabolic disease. Recent trials suggest that dietary fat quality affects abdominal fat content, where palmitic acid and linoleic acid influence abdominal obesity differently, while effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are less studied. Also, fatty acid desaturation may be altered in abdominal obesity. We aimed to investigate cross-sectional associations of serum fatty acids and desaturases with abdominal obesity prevalence in a population-based cohort study. Serum cholesteryl ester fatty acids composition was measured by gas chromatography in 60-year old men (n = 1883) and women (n = 2015). Cross-sectional associations of fatty acids with abdominal obesity prevalence and anthropometric measures (e.g., sagittal abdominal diameter) were evaluated in multivariable-adjusted logistic and linear regression models, respectively. Similar models were employed to investigate relations between desaturase activities (estimated by fatty acid ratios) and abdominal obesity. In logistic regression analyses, palmitic acid, stearoyl-CoA-desaturase and Δ6-desaturase indices were associated with abdominal obesity; multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for highest versus lowest quartiles were 1.45 (1.19–1.76), 4.06 (3.27–5.05), and 3.07 (2.51–3.75), respectively. Linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, docohexaenoic acid, and Δ5-desaturase were inversely associated with abdominal obesity; multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals): 0.39 (0.32–0.48), 0.74 (0.61–0.89), 0.76 (0.62–0.93), and 0.40 (0.33–0.49), respectively. Eicosapentaenoic acid was not associated with abdominal obesity. Similar results were obtained from linear regression models evaluating associations with different anthropometric measures. Sex-specific and linear associations were mainly observed for n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids, while associations of the other exposures were generally non-linear and similar across sexes. In accordance with findings from short-term trials, abdominal obesity was more common among individuals with relatively high proportions of palmitic acid, whilst the contrary was true for linoleic acid. Further trials should examine the potential role of linoleic acid and its main dietary source, vegetable oils, in abdominal obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zayed D. Alsharari
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Sjögren
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Axel C. Carlsson
- Division of Family medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Max Vikström
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf De Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mai-Lis Hellénius
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matti Marklund
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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19
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Association of desaturase activity and C-reactive protein in European children. Pediatr Res 2017; 81:27-32. [PMID: 27653088 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desaturase enzymes influence the fatty acid (FA) composition of body tissues and their activity affects the conversion rate of saturated to monounsaturated FA and of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) to long-chain PUFA. Desaturase activity has further been shown to be associated with inflammation. We investigate the association between delta-9 (D9D), delta-6 (D6D) and delta-5 desaturase (D5D) activity and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) in young children. METHODS In the IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants) cohort study children were examined at baseline (T0) and after 2 y (T1). D9D, D6D, and D5D activities were estimated from T0 product-precursor FA ratios. CRP was measured at T0 and T1. In a subsample of 1,943 children with available information on FA, CRP, and covariates, the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of desaturase activity and CRP were analyzed. RESULTS Cross-sectionally, a D9D increase of 0.01 units was associated with a 11% higher risk of having a serum CRP ≥ Percentile 75 (P75) (OR, 99% CI: 1.11 (1.01; 1.22)) whereas D6D and D5D were not associated with CRP. No significant associations were observed between baseline desaturase activity and CRP 2 y later. CONCLUSION Cross-sectionally, our results indicate a positive association of D9D and CRP independent of weight status. High D9D activity may increase the risk of subclinical inflammation which is associated with metabolic disorders. As D9D expression increases with higher intake of saturated FA and carbohydrates, dietary changes may influence D9D activity and thus CRP. However, it remains to be investigated whether there is a causal relationship between D9D activity and CRP.
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20
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Abstract
Fundamental questions remain unresolved in diabetes: What is the actual mechanism of glucose toxicity? Why is there insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes? Why do diets rich in sugars or saturated fatty acids increase the risk of developing diabetes? Studying the C. elegans homologs of the anti-diabetic adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) has led us to exciting new discoveries and to revisit what may be termed “The Membrane Theory of Diabetes”. We hypothesize that excess saturated fatty acids (obtained through a diet rich in saturated fats or through conversion of sugars into saturated fats via lipogenesis) leads to rigid cellular membranes that in turn impair insulin signalling, glucose uptake and blood circulation, thus creating a vicious cycle that contributes to the development of overt type 2 diabetes. This hypothesis is supported by our own studies in C. elegans and by a wealth of literature concerning membrane composition in diabetics. The purpose of this review is to survey this literature in the light of the new results, and to provide an admittedly membrane-centric view of diabetes.
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21
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Lemas DJ, Klimentidis YC, Aslibekyan S, Wiener HW, O'Brien DM, Hopkins SE, Stanhope KL, Havel PJ, Allison DB, Fernandez JR, Tiwari HK, Boyer BB. Polymorphisms in stearoyl coa desaturase and sterol regulatory element binding protein interact with N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake to modify associations with anthropometric variables and metabolic phenotypes in Yup'ik people. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2642-2653. [PMID: 27467133 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) intake is associated with protection from obesity; however, the mechanisms of protection remain poorly characterized. The stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD), insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (SLC2A4), and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBF1) genes are transcriptionally regulated by n-3 PUFA intake and harbor polymorphisms associated with obesity. The present study investigated how consumption of n-3 PUFA modifies associations between SCD, SLC2A4, and SREBF1 polymorphisms and anthropometric variables and metabolic phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anthropometric variables and metabolic phenotypes were measured in a cross-sectional sample of Yup'ik individuals (n = 1135) and 33 polymorphisms were tested for main effects and interactions using linear models that account for familial correlations. n-3 PUFA intake was estimated using red blood cell nitrogen stable isotope ratios. SCD polymorphisms were associated with ApoA1 concentration and n-3 PUFA interactions with SCD polymorphisms were associated with reduced fasting cholesterol levels and waist-to-hip ratio. SLC2A4 polymorphisms were associated with hip circumference, high-density lipoprotein and ApoA1 concentrations. SREBF1 polymorphisms were associated with low-density lipoprotein and HOMA-IR and n-3 PUFA interactions were associated with reduced fasting insulin and HOMA-IR levels. CONCLUSION The results suggest that an individual's genotype may interact with dietary n-3 PUFAs in ways that are associated with protection from obesity-related diseases in Yup'ik people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominick J Lemas
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yann C Klimentidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Howard W Wiener
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Diane M O'Brien
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Scarlett E Hopkins
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Kimber L Stanhope
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Peter J Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Biostatistics, Section on Statistical Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jose R Fernandez
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, Section on Statistical Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Bert B Boyer
- Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
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22
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Aali M, Moradi-Shahrbabak H, Moradi-Shahrbabak M, Sadeghi M, Kohram H. Polymorphism in the SCD gene is associated with meat quality and fatty acid composition in Iranian fat- and thin-tailed sheep breeds. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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23
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Wolters M, Schlenz H, Börnhorst C, Risé P, Galli C, Moreno LA, Pala V, Siani A, Veidebaum T, Tornaritis M, Fraterman A, de Henauw S, Marild S, Molnar D, Ahrens W. Desaturase Activity Is Associated With Weight Status and Metabolic Risk Markers in Young Children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:3760-9. [PMID: 26284759 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Activity of delta-9, delta-6, and delta-5 desaturases (D9D, D6D, D5D) are associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of estimated desaturase activities with weight status, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia in children, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. DESIGN The IDEFICS (Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants) cohort study was used, with examinations at baseline (T0) and after 2 years (T1). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Children aged 2 to less than 10 years from eight European countries were recruited in kindergartens/primary schools. Children with available data on fatty acids, outcome, and covariate information were included in the analyses. METHODS Whole blood fatty acids were analyzed in 2600 children at baseline. D9D (16:1n-7/16:0), D6D (20:3n-6/18:2n-6), and D5D (20:4n-6/20:3n-6) activities were estimated from product-precursor fatty acids ratios. Body mass index (BMI), Homeostatic Model Assessment index, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglycerides (TG) served as outcomes for weight status, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, respectively. Linear and logistic regression and repeated measures models were used to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between desaturase activity and outcomes. RESULTS In the cross-sectional analysis, D9D and D6D were positively associated with BMI and TG z-scores and inversely with HDL z-scores. D5D was inversely associated with BMI and TG z-scores (ie, a D5D increase of 1 unit is associated with a BMI z-score decrease of 0.07 and a 28% lower odds ratio for TG ≥ 75th percentile). Longitudinally, similar associations were found for T0 desaturase activities with BMI and for T0 D6D with HDL at follow-up (T1). Baseline D6D and D5D were positively associated with the change of HDL z-score from T0 to T1, and D6D with the change of Homeostatic Model Assessment index z-score. CONCLUSION Desaturase activities are associated with metabolic risk markers already in young children and appear to predict the metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Wolters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Heike Schlenz
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Claudia Börnhorst
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Patrizia Risé
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Claudio Galli
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Valeria Pala
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alfonso Siani
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Michael Tornaritis
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Arno Fraterman
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefaan de Henauw
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Staffan Marild
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Denes Molnar
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS (M.W., H.S., C.B., W.A.), Bremen, Germany; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.R., C.G.), DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (L.A.M.), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Epidemiology and Prevention Unit (V.P.), Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology and Population Genetics (A.S.), Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; National Institute for Health Development (T.V.), Tallinn, Estonia; Research and Education Institute of Child Health (M.T.), Strovolos, Cyprus; Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard und Partner Dortmund (A.F.), Laboratoriumsmedizin, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (S.H.), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine (S.M.), Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; National Institute of Health Promotion (D.M.), University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; and Institute of Statistics (W.A.), Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Ralston JC, Mutch DM. SCD1 inhibition during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation remodels triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol and phospholipid fatty acid composition. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2015; 98:29-37. [PMID: 25959085 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of saturated fatty acids (FAs) palmitate (16:0) and stearate (18:0) into monounsaturated FAs palmitoleate (16:1n-7) and oleate (18:1n-9) is catalyzed by stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). These FAs represent the dominant constituents of adipocyte triacylglycerols (TAGs) and phospholipids (PLs). Given the critical role of SCD1 in lipid metabolism and the notable increase in its expression during adipogenesis, reductions in SCD1 activity have the potential to compromise the adipocyte's ability to accumulate lipid. The current study used thin-layer and gas chromatography to examine the content and FA composition of TAGs, PLs, cholesteryl esters, diacylglycerols and free fatty acids in SCD1-inhibited differentiating 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. SCD1 inhibition reduced total cellular PL and TAG content concurrent with the down-regulation of genes involved in TAG and PL biosynthesis; however, the relative amount of PL was unaltered. While total DAG levels were increased ~2.7-fold in SCD1-inhibited adipocytes, this did not induce JNK activation; however, phosphorylated (Ser473) AKT was significantly reduced. As expected, total SFA and MUFA content were increased (~1.3-fold) and decreased (~4.0-fold). Further, SCD1 inhibition caused a ~2.2-fold increase and a ~8.3-fold decrease in total cellular 18:0 and 16:1n-7 levels, respectively. Similar changes were also seen in other lipid fractions. The levels of other FAs, including polyunsaturated FAs, were also changed in SCD1-inhibited adipocytes. Together, these results add to the existing body of knowledge regarding SCD1 function in adipocytes and highlight its important role in regulating global adipocyte lipid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Ralston
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
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25
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Takkunen MJ, Schwab US, de Mello VDF, Eriksson JG, Lindström J, Tuomilehto J, Uusitupa MIJ. Longitudinal associations of serum fatty acid composition with type 2 diabetes risk and markers of insulin secretion and sensitivity in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:967-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Sun S, Zhang Z, Pokrovskaia N, Chowdhury S, Jia Q, Chang E, Khakh K, Kwan R, McLaren DG, Radomski CC, Ratkay LG, Fu J, Dales NA, Winther MD. Discovery of triazolone derivatives as novel, potent stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:455-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Burhans MS, Flowers MT, Harrington KR, Bond LM, Guo CA, Anderson RM, Ntambi JM. Hepatic oleate regulates adipose tissue lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:304-18. [PMID: 25555387 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m054429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is associated with detrimental metabolic phenotypes including enhanced risk for diabetes. Stearoyl-CoA desaturases (SCDs) catalyze the synthesis of MUFAs. In mice, genetic ablation of SCDs reduces hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and protects against diet-induced hepatic steatosis and adiposity. To understand the mechanism by which hepatic MUFA production influences adipose tissue stores, we created two liver-specific transgenic mouse models in the SCD1 knockout that express either human SCD5 or mouse SCD3, that synthesize oleate and palmitoleate, respectively. We demonstrate that hepatic de novo synthesized oleate, but not palmitoleate, stimulate hepatic lipid accumulation and adiposity, reversing the protective effect of the global SCD1 knockout under lipogenic conditions. Unexpectedly, the accumulation of hepatic lipid occurred without induction of the hepatic DNL program. Changes in hepatic lipid composition were reflected in plasma and in adipose tissue. Importantly, endogenously synthesized hepatic oleate was associated with suppressed DNL and fatty acid oxidation in white adipose tissue. Regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between adipose tissue lipid fuel utilization and hepatic and adipose tissue lipid storage. These data suggest an extrahepatic mechanism where endogenous hepatic oleate regulates lipid homeostasis in adipose tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie S Burhans
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Matthew T Flowers
- Biochemistry, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
| | | | - Laura M Bond
- Biochemistry, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Chang-An Guo
- Biochemistry, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Rozalyn M Anderson
- Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
| | - James M Ntambi
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705 Biochemistry, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705
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Effect of cod liver oil supplementation on the stearoyl-CoA desaturase index in obese children: A pilot study. Obes Res Clin Pract 2015; 9:31-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Planck T, Shahida B, Sjögren M, Groop L, Hallengren B, Lantz M. Association of BTG2, CYR61, ZFP36, and SCD gene polymorphisms with Graves' disease and ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 2014; 24:1156-61. [PMID: 24780075 PMCID: PMC4080864 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2013.0654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental and genetic factors predispose an individual to the development of Graves' disease (GD). In an expression study of intraorbital tissue, adipocyte-related immediate early genes (IEGs) and immunomodulatory genes were found to be overexpressed in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). We hypothesized that genetic variations in these genes could be associated with GD and/or GO. METHODS A total of 98 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 12 genes were genotyped in 594 GD patients with (n=267) or without (n=327) GO and 1147 sex- and ethnicity-matched controls from Malmö, Sweden. RESULTS Ten SNPs in four genes (BTG family, member 2 [BTG2], cysteine-rich, angiogenic inducer 61 [CYR61], zinc finger protein 36, C3H type, homolog mouse [ZFP36], and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase [SCD]) showed an association with GD and/or GO. SNPs rs12136280 (odds ratio [OR] 1.29, p=0.002), rs6663606 (OR 1.26, p=0.004), and rs17534202 (OR 1.21, p=0.02) in BTG2 and rs3753793 (OR 1.21, p=0.03) in CYR61 were associated with GD. An association with GO was shown for SNPs rs3753793 (OR 1.45, p=0.008), rs6682848 (OR 1.55, p=0.03), rs12756618 (OR 1.77, p=0.049), and rs1378228 (OR 1.29, p=0.049) in CYR61, rs1057745 (OR 1.56, p=0.03) and rs11083522 (OR 1.32, p=0.04) in ZFP36, and rs1393491 (OR 1.38, p=0,048) in SCD. Smoking and CYR61 rs12756618 interacted to increase the risk of GO. CONCLUSIONS We found associations of SNPs in IEGs and SCD with GD and/or GO; however, confirmation in a different population is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Planck
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bushra Shahida
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marketa Sjögren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hallengren
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mikael Lantz
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Gong W, Xiao D, Ming G, Yin J, Zhou H, Liu Z. Type 2 diabetes mellitus-related genetic polymorphisms in microRNAs and microRNA target sites. J Diabetes 2014; 6:279-89. [PMID: 24606011 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important endogenous regulators in eukaryotic gene expression and a broad range of biological processes. MiRNA-related genetic variations have been proved to be associated with human diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Polymorphisms in miRNA genes (primary miRNAs, precursor miRNAs, mature miRNAs, and miRNA regulatory regions) may be involved in the development of T2DM by changing the expression and structure of miRNAs and target gene expression. Genetic polymorphisms of the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) in miRNA target genes may destroy putative miRNA binding sites or create new miRNA binding sites, which affects the binding of UTRs with miRNAs, finally resulting in susceptibility to and development of T2DM. Therefore, focusing on studies into genetic polymorphisms in miRNAs or miRNA binding sites will help our understanding of the pathophysiology of T2DM development and lead to better health management. Herein, we review the association of genetic polymorphisms in miRNA and miRNA targets genes with T2DM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Gong
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Byberg L, Kilander L, Warensjö Lemming E, Michaëlsson K, Vessby B. Cancer death is related to high palmitoleic acid in serum and to polymorphisms in the SCD-1 gene in healthy Swedish men. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 99:551-8. [PMID: 24368438 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.065714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or a high ratio of MUFAs to saturated fatty acids in plasma, reflecting a high activity of the lipogenic enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), has been shown to be related to cancer death and incidence in some studies. OBJECTIVES The objective was to study whether the serum cholesteryl ester proportion of palmitoleic acid [16:1n-7 (16:1ω-3)] and the ratio of palmitoleic to palmitic acid (16:1n-7/16:0), as an estimation of the activity of SCD-1, are related to cancer death and to investigate whether polymorphisms in the SCD-1 gene are related to cancer mortality. DESIGN A community-based cohort of 50-y-old men was followed for a maximum of >40 y. Survival analysis was used to relate fatty acid composition in serum, analyzed at baseline by gas-liquid chromatography (n = 1981), and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the SCD-1 gene (n = 986) to cancer death. A 7-d dietary record was completed at age 70 y (n = 880). RESULTS The proportions of 16:1n-7 and the ratio of 16:1n-7 to 16:0 were associated with cancer mortality during follow-up in a comparison of the highest with the lowest quartile of 16:1n-7 (adjusted HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.82). Inherited variance of the SCD-1 gene seemed to be related to cancer death, especially among men with a low proportion of PUFA in the diet in a comparison of the highest with the lowest weighted genetic risk score (HR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.04). CONCLUSION The findings are compatible with the hypothesis that there is an association between endogenously synthesized MUFAs and cancer death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Byberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences/Orthopaedics (LB, EWL, and KM); the Departments of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics (LK) and Public Health and Caring Sciences/Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (BV), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and the National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden (EWL)
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Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes upregulates elongase 6 and downregulates genes affecting triacylglycerol synthesis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2014; 38:1449-56. [PMID: 24566853 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) is rate limiting for the conversion of saturated fatty acids palmitate (16:0) and stearate (18:0) to monounsaturated fatty acids palmitoleate (16:1n7) and oleate (18:1n9), respectively. Given that reduced SCD1 activity is associated with improved insulin sensitivity and decreased body weight, there is considerable interest to elucidate the role of this enzyme in adipocytes. During adipogenesis, SCD1 levels increase concomitantly with the accumulation of triacylglycerol (TG); however, the extent to which reduced SCD1 activity can influence TG synthesis and metabolic pathways in differentiating adipocytes remains relatively unexplored. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to delineate how reduced SCD1 activity affects gene expression, protein content and cellular fatty acids in differentiating murine preadipocytes. METHODS 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with an SCD1 inhibitor (10 nM) throughout differentiation. After 7 days, global gene expression, protein content and fatty acid profiles were examined using microarrays, western blotting and gas chromatography, respectively. RESULTS SCD1 inhibition increased the abundance of 16:0 and 18:0 (45% and 194%, respectively) and decreased 16:1n7 and 18:1n7 (61% and 35%, respectively) in differentiated preadipocytes. Interestingly, 18:1n9 levels increased by 61%. The augmented 18:0 suggested a possible increase in elongase activity. Elongase 6 (Elovl6) gene expression was increased 2.8-fold (P = 0.04); however, changes were not detected for ELOVL6 protein content. Microarray analysis revealed that genes affecting TG synthesis were downregulated with SCD1 inhibition, which coincided with a 33% decrease in cellular TG content. CONCLUSION These results provide new mechanistic insight into the role of SCD1 as a regulator of fatty acid profiles and TG synthesis in adipocytes, and reinforce that modulating SCD1 activity may help reduce the risk of obesity-related complications.
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Abstract
With the increasing concern for health and nutrition, dietary fat has attracted considerable attention. The composition of fatty acids in a diet is important since they are associated with major diseases, such as cancers, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) requires the expression of dietary fat-associated genes, such as SCD, FADS1, FADS2, and FADS3, which encode a variety of desaturases, to catalyze the addition of a double bond in a fatty acid chain. Recent studies using new molecular techniques and genomics, as well as clinical trials have shown that these genes and UFA are closely related to physiological conditions and chronic diseases; it was found that the existence of alternative transcripts of the desaturase genes and desaturase isoforms might affect human health and lipid metabolism in different ways. In this review, we provide an overview of UFA and desaturases associated with human health and nutrition. Moreover, recent findings of UFA, desaturases, and their associated genes in human systems are discussed. Consequently, this review may help elucidate the complicated physiology of UFA in human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjae Lee
- 1 Department of Food Engineering, Dankook University , Cheonan, Korea
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Sun S, Zhang Z, Raina V, Pokrovskaia N, Hou D, Namdari R, Khakh K, Ratkay LG, McLaren DG, Mork M, Fu J, Ferreira S, Hubbard B, Winther MD, Dales N. Discovery of thiazolylpyridinone SCD1 inhibitors with preferential liver distribution and reduced mechanism-based adverse effects. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:526-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Systematic evaluation of amide bioisosteres leading to the discovery of novel and potent thiazolylimidazolidinone inhibitors of SCD1 for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:520-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Rudkowska I, Julien P, Couture P, Lemieux S, Tchernof A, Barbier O, Vohl MC. Cardiometabolic risk factors are influenced byStearoyl-CoA Desaturase(SCD) −1gene polymorphisms andn-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 58:1079-86. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rudkowska
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF); Laval University; Quebec Canada
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, CHU de Québec Research Center; Quebec Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, CHU de Québec Research Center; Quebec Canada
| | - Patrick Couture
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF); Laval University; Quebec Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF); Laval University; Quebec Canada
| | - André Tchernof
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF); Laval University; Quebec Canada
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, CHU de Québec Research Center; Quebec Canada
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, CHU de Québec Research Center; Quebec Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF); Laval University; Quebec Canada
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, CHU de Québec Research Center; Quebec Canada
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Wang G, Xu X, Yao X, Zhu Z, Yu L, Chen L, Chen J, Shen X. Latanoprost effectively ameliorates glucose and lipid disorders in db/db and ob/ob mice. Diabetologia 2013; 56:2702-12. [PMID: 23989723 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Improvement of glucose and lipid metabolic dysfunctions is a potent therapeutic strategy against type 2 diabetes mellitus, and identifying new functions for existing drugs may help accelerate the speed of new drug development. Here, we report that latanoprost, a clinical drug for treating primary open-angle glaucoma and intraocular hypertension, effectively ameliorated glucose and lipid disorders in two mouse models of type 2 diabetes. In addition, the glucose-lowering mechanisms of latanoprost were intensively investigated. METHODS A binding-affinity assay and enzymatic tests were used to determine the targets of latanoprost. Cell-based assays on 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes and animal model-based assays with db/db and ob/ob mice were further performed to clarify the mechanisms underlying latanoprost-regulated glucose and lipid metabolism. RESULTS Latanoprost functioned as both an indirect activator of AMP-activated protein kinase and a selective retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) antagonist able to selectively antagonise the transcription of a RXRα/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ heterodimer. It promoted glucose uptake, inhibited pre-adipocyte differentiation and regulated the main genes responsible for glucose and lipid metabolism, including Fas, Scd1, Perilipin (also known as Plin1), Lpl and Pdk4. Chronic administration of latanoprost in mice potently decreased the levels of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, fructosamine (FMN), NEFA and total cholesterol, and effectively improved glucose tolerance and glucose/lipid metabolism-related genes in vivo. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our studies demonstrate that the existing eye drug latanoprost is both an indirect activator of AMP-activated protein kinase and a selective RXRα antagonist. Latanoprost effectively ameliorated glucose and lipid disorders in diabetic mice, which strongly highlights the potential of latanoprost in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaihong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
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Martín-Núñez GM, Cabrera-Mulero R, Rojo-Martínez G, Gómez-Zumaquero JM, Chaves FJ, de Marco G, Soriguer F, Castaño L, Morcillo S. Polymorphisms in the SCD1 gene are associated with indices of stearoyl CoA desaturase activity and obesity: a prospective study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:2177-84. [PMID: 23934750 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The serum fatty acid (FA) composition is influenced by dietary fat and the endogenous production of FAs. Stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is the rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of MUFAs from saturated FAs. Variations in SCD1 activity have been associated with obesity, diabetes, or inflammation. We evaluated the associations between genetic variation of the SCD1 gene, SCD1 activity, intake of oil, and obesity in a population-based prospective study in southern Spain. METHODS AND RESULTS We collected phenotypic, metabolic, nutritional, and genetic information. The type of dietary fat was assessed from samples of cooking oil taken from the participants' kitchens and analyzed by GC. A total of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the SCD1 gene were analyzed by SNPlex technology. We found a significant association between SCD1 genetic variation and enzyme activity in four of nine polymorphisms studied. An interaction between rs10883463 and olive oil intake on the [18:1/18:0] desaturase index was found (p = 0.009). We also showed that genetic variations in the SCD1 gene were associated with obesity. CONCLUSION Our results show a relationship between genetic variation of the SCD1 gene, enzyme activity, and the risk of obesity, an association that is not independent of the type of oil consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracia María Martín-Núñez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Carlos Haya, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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Abdelmagid SA, Clarke SE, Wong J, Roke K, Nielsen D, Badawi A, El-Sohemy A, Mutch DM, Ma DW. Plasma concentration of cis9trans11 CLA in males and females is influenced by SCD1 genetic variations and hormonal contraceptives: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2013; 10:50. [PMID: 23866021 PMCID: PMC3722052 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-10-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conjugated linoleic acid isomer cis9trans11 CLA can be endogenously synthesized from trans vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11) via desaturation at the delta 9 position catalyzed by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), also known as delta-9 desaturase (D9D). Diet, hormonal regulation of gene expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been implicated in altering circulating levels of fatty acids. Hormonal contraceptives (HC) have also been shown to influence levels of some fatty acids. SNPs in SCD1 have been associated with altered levels of palmitoleic and oleic acids; however, associations between SCD1 SNPs and D9D desaturation index have not been previously examined in relation to CLA. Herein, we investigated the effects of sex and HC use on circulating concentrations of c9t11 CLA and D9D desaturation index. Furthermore, we determined the effects of ten SCD1 SNPs on D9D desaturation indices estimated by product to precursor ratio of c9t11 CLA to C18:1 t11. METHODS PLASMA SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM SUBJECTS (CAUCASIAN MALES: n = 113; Caucasian females: n = 298; Asian males: n = 98; Asian females: n = 277) from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. Circulating fatty acids levels were measured by gas chromatography. RESULTS Results show that circulating c9t11 CLA concentrations are significantly higher in females than males and they are further elevated in females using HC. In addition, a significant sex- and ethnic-specific association was found between SCD1 SNP rs10883463 (p = 0.0014) and altered D9D activity in Caucasian males. CONCLUSION Findings from the present study identify SCD1 SNPs and hormonal contraceptives as factors altering endogenous c9t11 CLA levels in a sex- and ethnic-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma A Abdelmagid
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Rm 342, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, 491 Gordon Street, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon E Clarke
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Rm 342, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, 491 Gordon Street, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Wong
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Rm 342, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, 491 Gordon Street, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kaitlin Roke
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Rm 342, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, 491 Gordon Street, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daiva Nielsen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alaa Badawi
- Office for Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Rm 342, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, 491 Gordon Street, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Wl Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Rm 342, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, 491 Gordon Street, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Shi X, Li J, Zou X, Greggain J, Rødkær SV, Færgeman NJ, Liang B, Watts JL. Regulation of lipid droplet size and phospholipid composition by stearoyl-CoA desaturase. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:2504-14. [PMID: 23787165 PMCID: PMC3735947 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m039669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid desaturation regulates membrane function and fat storage in animals. To determine the contribution of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity on fat storage and development in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we analyzed the lipid composition and lipid droplet size in the fat-6;fat-7 desaturase mutants independently and in combination with mutants disrupted in conserved lipid metabolic pathways. C. elegans with impaired SCD activity displayed both reduced fat stores and decreased lipid droplet size. Mutants in the daf-2 (insulin-like growth factor receptor), rsks-1 (homolog of p70S6kinase, an effector of the target of rapamycin signaling pathway), and daf-7 (transforming growth factor β) displayed high fat stores, the opposite of the low fat observed in the fat-6;fat-7 desaturase mutants. The metabolic mutants in combination with fat-6;fat-7 displayed low fat stores, with the exception of the daf-2;fat-6;fat-7 triple mutants, which had increased de novo fatty acid synthesis and wild-type levels of fat stores. Notably, SCD activity is required for the formation of large-sized lipid droplets in all mutant backgrounds, as well as for normal ratios of phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). These studies reveal previously uncharacterized roles for SCD in the regulation of lipid droplet size and membrane phospholipid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Shi
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7520, USA
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Voss MD, Zoller G, Matter H, Herling AW, Biemer-Daub G, Pfenninger A, Haag-Diergarten S, Keil S, Kohlmann M, Schmidts HL. Discovery and pharmacological characterization of SAR707 as novel and selective small molecule inhibitor of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1). Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 707:140-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Saito E, Okada T, Abe Y, Odaka M, Kuromori Y, Iwata F, Hara M, Mugishima H, Kitamura Y. Abdominal adiposity is associated with fatty acid desaturase activity in boys: implications for C-reactive protein and insulin resistance. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2013; 88:307-11. [PMID: 23419767 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid composition, which is altered in patients with abdominal obesity, is influenced not only by dietary intake but also by the desaturating enzymes stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), delta-6 desaturase (D6D) and delta-5 desaturase (D5D). We investigated desaturase activities and their associations with metabolic risk factors, C-reactive protein levels (CRP) and insulin resistance in Japanese children. There were 237 school children in this study; 115 were boys. The fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids was analyzed, and the following desaturase activities were estimated: SCD (16:1n-7/16:0 and 18:1n-9/18:0), D6D (20:3n-6/18:2n-6) and D5D (20:4n-6/20:3n-6). D6D and D5D activities, but not SCD activity, were significantly associated with triglyceride levels, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and insulin resistance in both sexes, and with CRP levels in boys. In addition, increased abdominal adiposity was significantly associated with increased D6D activity, and decreased D5D activity and insulin resistance in both sexes, and with increased CRP levels in boys. The n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid desaturation pathway may be associated with metabolic risk factors, insulin resistance and increased inflammation in children with abdominal obesity, especially in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Saito
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine 30-1, Oyaguchi Kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8610, Japan
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Soriguer F, García-Escobar E, Morcillo S, García-Fuentes E, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Olveira G, Rojo-Martínez G. Mediterranean diet and the Spanish paradox. A hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:150-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Divergent effects of a CLA-enriched beef diet on metabolic health in ApoE−/− and ob/ob mice. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:401-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Cedernaes J, Alsiö J, Västermark A, Risérus U, Schiöth HB. Adipose tissue stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 index is increased and linoleic acid is decreased in obesity-prone rats fed a high-fat diet. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:2. [PMID: 23298201 PMCID: PMC3558438 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fatty acid (FA) composition and desaturase indices are associated with obesity and related metabolic conditions. However, it is unclear to what extent desaturase activity in different lipid fractions contribute to obesity susceptibility. Our aim was to test whether desaturase activity and FA composition are linked to an obese phenotype in rats that are either obesity prone (OP) or resistant (OR) on a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods Two groups of Sprague–Dawley rats were given ad libitum (AL-HFD) or calorically restricted (HFD-paired; pair fed to calories consumed by chow-fed rats) access to a HFD. The AL-HFD group was categorized into OP and OR sub-groups based on weight gain over 5 weeks. Five different lipid fractions were examined in OP and OR rats with regard to proportions of essential and very long-chain polyunsaturated FAs: linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1) product 16:1n-7. FA ratios were used to estimate activities of the delta-5-desaturase (20:4n-6/20:3n-6), delta-6-desaturase (18:3n-6/18:2n-6), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1; 16:1n-7/16:0, SCD-16 and 18:1n-9/18:0, SCD-18), de novo lipogenesis (16:0/18:2n-6) and FA elongation (18:0/16:0). Fasting insulin, glucose, adiponectin and leptin concentrations were measured in plasma. Results After AL-HFD access, OP rats had a significantly higher SCD-16 index and 16:1n-7 proportion, but a significantly lower LA proportion, in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) triacylglycerols, as well as significantly higher insulin and leptin concentrations, compared with OR rats. No differences were found between the two phenotypes in liver (phospholipids; triacylglycerols) or plasma (cholesterol esters; phospholipids) lipid fractions or for plasma glucose or adiponectin concentrations. For the desaturase indices of the HFD-paired rats, the only significant differences compared with the OP or OR rats were higher SCD-16 and SCD-18 indices in SAT triacylglycerols in OP compared with HFD-paired rats. Conclusion The higher SCD-16 may reflect higher SCD-1 activity in SAT, which in combination with lower LA proportions may reflect higher insulin resistance and changes in SAT independent of other lipid fractions. Whether a lower SCD-16 index protects against diet-induced obesity is an interesting possibility that warrants further investigation.
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Zhang Z, Sun S, Kodumuru V, Hou D, Liu S, Chakka N, Sviridov S, Chowdhury S, McLaren DG, Ratkay LG, Khakh K, Cheng X, Gschwend HW, Kamboj R, Fu J, Winther MD. Discovery of Piperazin-1-ylpyridazine-Based Potent and Selective Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. J Med Chem 2013; 56:568-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301661h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zaihui Zhang
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Shaoyi Sun
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | | | - Duanjie Hou
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Shifeng Liu
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Nagasree Chakka
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Serguei Sviridov
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Sultan Chowdhury
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - David G. McLaren
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Leslie G. Ratkay
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Kuldip Khakh
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Xing Cheng
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Heinz W. Gschwend
- Consultant, 161 Meadowcroft
Way, Santa Rosa, California 95403, United States
| | - Rajender Kamboj
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Jianmin Fu
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
| | - Michael D. Winther
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8 Canada
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Corbin KD, Abdelmalek MF, Spencer MD, da Costa KA, Galanko JA, Sha W, Suzuki A, Guy CD, Cardona DM, Torquati A, Diehl AM, Zeisel SH. Genetic signatures in choline and 1-carbon metabolism are associated with the severity of hepatic steatosis. FASEB J 2013; 27:1674-89. [PMID: 23292069 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-219097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Choline metabolism is important for very low-density lipoprotein secretion, making this nutritional pathway an important contributor to hepatic lipid balance. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the cumulative effects of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across genes of choline/1-carbon metabolism and functionally related pathways increase susceptibility to developing hepatic steatosis. In biopsy-characterized cases of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and controls, we assessed 260 SNPs across 21 genes in choline/1-carbon metabolism. When SNPs were examined individually, using logistic regression, we only identified a single SNP (PNPLA3 rs738409) that was significantly associated with severity of hepatic steatosis after adjusting for confounders and multiple comparisons (P=0.02). However, when groupings of SNPs in similar metabolic pathways were defined using unsupervised hierarchical clustering, we identified groups of subjects with shared SNP signatures that were significantly correlated with steatosis burden (P=0.0002). The lowest and highest steatosis clusters could also be differentiated by ethnicity. However, unique SNP patterns defined steatosis burden irrespective of ethnicity. Our results suggest that analysis of SNP patterns in genes of choline/1-carbon metabolism may be useful for prediction of severity of steatosis in specific subsets of people, and the metabolic inefficiencies caused by these SNPs should be examined further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen D Corbin
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Nutrition Research Institute, Kannapolis, NorthCarolina 28081, USA
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Hodson L, Fielding BA. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase: rogue or innocent bystander? Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:15-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Arregui M, Buijsse B, Stefan N, Corella D, Fisher E, di Giuseppe R, Coltell O, Knüppel S, Aleksandrova K, Joost HG, Boeing H, Weikert C. Heterogeneity of the Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) gene and metabolic risk factors in the EPIC-Potsdam study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48338. [PMID: 23139775 PMCID: PMC3491059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) is an enzyme involved in lipid metabolism. In mice and humans its activity has been associated with traits of the metabolic syndrome, but also with the prevention of saturated fatty acids accumulation and subsequent inflammation, whereas for liver fat content inconsistent results have been reported. Thus, variants of the gene encoding SCD1 (SCD1) could potentially modify metabolic risk factors, but few human studies have addressed this question. METHODS In a sample of 2157 middle-aged men and women randomly drawn from the Potsdam cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, we investigated the impact of 7 SCD1 tagging-single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1502593, rs522951, rs11190480, rs3071, rs3793767, rs10883463 and rs508384) and 5 inferred haplotypes with frequency >5% describing 90.9% of the genotype combinations in our population, on triglycerides, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and fetuin-A. RESULTS No significant associations between any of the SNPs or haplotypes and BMI, WC, fetuin-A and hs-CRP were observed. Associations of rs10883463 with triglycerides, GGT and HbA1c as well as of rs11190480 with ALT activity, were weak and became non-significant after multiple-testing correction. Also associations of the haplotype harbouring the minor allele of rs1502593 with HbA1c levels, the haplotype harbouring the minor alleles of rs11190480 and rs508384 with activity of ALT, and the haplotype harbouring the minor alleles of rs522951, rs10883463 and rs508384 with triglyceride and HbA1C levels and GGT activities did not withstand multiple-testing correction. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that there are no associations between common variants of SCD1 or its inferred haplotypes and the investigated metabolic risk factors. However, given the results from animal models, heterogeneity of human SCD1 warrants further investigation, in particular with regard to rare variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Arregui
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
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Dziewulska A, Dobrzyn P, Jazurek M, Pyrkowska A, Ntambi JM, Dobrzyn A. Monounsaturated fatty acids are required for membrane translocation of protein kinase C-thetainduced by lipid overload in skeletal muscle. Mol Membr Biol 2012; 29:309-20. [DOI: 10.3109/09687688.2012.710340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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