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Winiarska E, Jutel M, Zemelka-Wiacek M. The potential impact of nano- and microplastics on human health: Understanding human health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118535. [PMID: 38460665 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are used all over the world. Unfortunately, due to limited biodegradation, plastics cause a significant level of environmental pollution. The smallest recognized to date are termed nanoplastics (1 nm [nm] up to 1 μm [μm]) and microplastics (1 μm-5 mm). These nano- and microplastics can enter the human body through the respiratory system via inhalation, the digestive tract via consumption of contaminated food and water, or penetration through the skin via cosmetics and clothes contact. Bioaccumulation of plastics in the human body can potentially lead to a range of health issues, including respiratory disorders like lung cancer, asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, neurological symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness, inflammatory bowel disease and even disturbances in gut microbiota. Most studies to date have confirmed that nano- and microplastics can induce apoptosis in cells and have genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of plastics' actions may help extrapolate the risks to humans. The article provides a comprehensive review of articles in databases regarding the impact of nano- and microplastics on human health. The review included retrospective studies and case reports of people exposed to nanoplastics and microplastics. This research highlights the need for further research to fully understand the extent of the impact of plastics on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Winiarska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
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Charkiewicz AE, Omeljaniuk WJ, Nikliński J. Bisphenol A-What Do We Know? A Global or Local Approach at the Public Health Risk Level. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6229. [PMID: 38892416 PMCID: PMC11172700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BPA has demonstrated enormous multisystem and multi-organ toxicity shown mainly in animal models. Meanwhile, the effects of its exposure in humans still require years of observation, research, and answers to many questions. Even minimal and short-term exposure contributes to disorders or various types of dysfunction. It is released directly or indirectly into the environment at every stage of the product life cycle, demonstrating its ease of penetration into the body. The ubiquity and general prevalence of BPA influenced the main objective of the study, which was to assess the toxicity and health effects of BPA and its derivatives based on the available literature. In addition, the guidelines of various international institutions or regions of the world in terms of its reduction in individual products were checked. Bisphenol A is the most widely known chemical and perhaps even the most studied by virtually all international or national organizations, but nonetheless, it is still controversial. In general, the level of BPA biomonitoring is still too high and poses a potential threat to public health. It is beginning to be widely argued that future toxicity studies should focus on molecular biology and the assessment of human exposure to BPA, as well as its substitutes. The effects of its exposure still require years of observation, extensive research, and answers to many questions. It is necessary to continue to deepen the knowledge and interest of many organizations, companies, and consumers around the world in order to make rational purchases as well as future choices, not only consumer ones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wioleta Justyna Omeljaniuk
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Nikliński
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Sieck NE, Bruening M, van Woerden I, Whisner C, Payne-Sturges DC. Effects of Behavioral, Clinical, and Policy Interventions in Reducing Human Exposure to Bisphenols and Phthalates: A Scoping Review. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:36001. [PMID: 38477609 PMCID: PMC10936218 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing interest in evidence-based interventions, programs, and policies to mitigate exposures to bisphenols and phthalates and in using implementation science frameworks to evaluate hypotheses regarding the importance of specific approaches to individual or household behavior change or institutions adopting interventions. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aimed to identify, categorize, and summarize the effects of behavioral, clinical, and policy interventions focused on exposure to the most widely used and studied bisphenols [bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF)] and phthalates with an implementation science lens. METHODS A comprehensive search of all individual behavior, clinical, and policy interventions to reduce exposure to bisphenols and phthalates was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Google Scholar. We included studies published between January 2000 and November 2022. Two reviewers screened references in CADIMA, then extracted data (population characteristics, intervention design, chemicals assessed, and outcomes) for studies meeting inclusion criteria for the present review. RESULTS A total of 58 interventions met the inclusion criteria. We classified interventions as dietary (n = 27 ), clinical (n = 13 ), policy (n = 14 ), and those falling outside of these three categories as "other" (n = 4 ). Most interventions (81%, 47/58) demonstrated a decrease in exposure to bisphenols and/or phthalates, with policy level interventions having the largest magnitude of effect. DISCUSSION Studies evaluating policy interventions that targeted the reduction of phthalates and BPA in goods and packaging showed widespread, long-term impact on decreasing exposure to bisphenols and phthalates. Clinical interventions removing bisphenol and phthalate materials from medical devices and equipment showed overall reductions in exposure biomarkers. Dietary interventions tended to lower exposure with the greatest magnitude of effect in trials where fresh foods were provided to participants. The lower exposure reductions observed in pragmatic nutrition education trials and the lack of diversity (sociodemographic backgrounds) present limitations for generalizability to all populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11760.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E. Sieck
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Meg Bruening
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Irene van Woerden
- Department of Community and Public Health, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
| | - Corrie Whisner
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Devon C. Payne-Sturges
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Ghozal M, Kadawathagedara M, Delvert R, Divaret-Chauveau A, Raherison C, Varraso R, Bédard A, Crépet A, Sirot V, Charles MA, Adel-Patient K, de Lauzon-Guillain B. Prenatal dietary exposure to mixtures of chemicals is associated with allergy or respiratory diseases in children in the ELFE nationwide cohort. Environ Health 2024; 23:5. [PMID: 38195595 PMCID: PMC10775451 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals may be associated with allergies later in life. We aimed to examine the association between prenatal dietary exposure to mixtures of chemicals and allergic or respiratory diseases up to age 5.5 y. METHODS We included 11,638 mother-child pairs from the French "Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance" (ELFE) cohort. Maternal dietary exposure during pregnancy to eight mixtures of chemicals was previously assessed. Allergic and respiratory diseases (eczema, food allergy, wheezing and asthma) were reported by parents between birth and age 5.5 years. Associations were evaluated with adjusted logistic regressions. Results are expressed as odds ratio (OR[95%CI]) for a variation of one SD increase in mixture pattern. RESULTS Maternal dietary exposure to a mixture composed mainly of trace elements, furans and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was positively associated with the risk of eczema (1.10 [1.05; 1.15]), this association was consistent across sensitivity analyses. Dietary exposure to one mixture of pesticides was positively associated with the risk of food allergy (1.10 [1.02; 1.18]), whereas the exposure to another mixture of pesticides was positively but slightly related to the risk of wheezing (1.05 [1.01; 1.08]). This last association was not found in all sensitivity analyses. Dietary exposure to a mixture composed by perfluoroalkyl acids, PAHs and trace elements was negatively associated with the risk of asthma (0.89 [0.80; 0.99]), this association was consistent across sensitivity analyses, except the complete-case analysis. CONCLUSION Whereas few individual chemicals were related to the risk of allergic and respiratory diseases, some consistent associations were found between prenatal dietary exposure to some mixtures of chemicals and the risk of allergic or respiratory diseases. The positive association between trace elements, furans and PAHs and the risk of eczema, and that between pesticides mixtures and food allergy need to be confirmed in other studies. Conversely, the negative association between perfluoroalkyl acids, PAHs and trace elements and the risk of asthma need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ghozal
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France.
| | - Manik Kadawathagedara
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
| | - Rosalie Delvert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Amandine Divaret-Chauveau
- Unité d'allergologie pédiatrique, Hôpital d'enfants, CHRU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- EA 3450 DevAH, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Chantal Raherison
- Inserm, Team EPICENE, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Raphaëlle Varraso
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Annabelle Bédard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Amélie Crépet
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Véronique Sirot
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marie Aline Charles
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
| | - Karine Adel-Patient
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
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Mendy A, Percy Z, Braun JM, Lanphear B, La Guardia MJ, Hale RC, Yolton K, Chen A. Prenatal exposure to replacement flame retardants and organophosphate esters and childhood adverse respiratory outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117523. [PMID: 37925128 PMCID: PMC10696592 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of prenatal exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) and replacement brominated flame retardants (RBFRs) with respiratory outcomes has not been previously investigated in humans, despite reports that these chemicals can cross the placenta and alter lung development as well as immune functions. METHODS In a cohort of 342 pregnant women recruited between 2003 and 2006 in the greater Cincinnati, Ohio Metropolitan area, we measured indoor dust OPEs and RBFRs at 20 weeks of gestation and urinary OPEs at 16 and 26 weeks of gestation and at delivery. We performed generalized estimating equations and linear mixed models adjusting for covariates to determine the associations of prenatal OPEs and RBFRs exposures with adverse respiratory outcomes in childhood, reported every six months until age 5 years and with lung function at age 5 years. We used multiple informant modeling to examine time-specific associations between maternal urinary OPEs and the outcomes. RESULTS Dust concentrations of triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) (RR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.18-1.66), 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (RR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.23-1.85), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (RR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.28-1.94) were associated with higher risk of wheezing during childhood. Dust TPHP concentrations were associated with higher risk of respiratory infections (RR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.08-1.94), and dust tris-(2-chloroethyl) phosphate concentrations were associated with hay fever/allergies (RR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01-1.21). We also found that dust tris-(2-chloroethyl) phosphate loadings were associated with lower lung function. Urinary OPEs mainly at week 16 of gestation tended to be associated with adverse respiratory outcome, while bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and diphenyl phosphate at delivery were associated with lower risk of hay fever/allergies. CONCLUSIONS In-utero exposure to OPEs and RBFRs may be a risk factor for adverse respiratory outcomes in childhood, depending on the timing of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelico Mendy
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Zana Percy
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bruce Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Mark J La Guardia
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA
| | - Robert C Hale
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Falcon RMG, Caoili SEC. Immunologic, genetic, and ecological interplay of factors involved in allergic diseases. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1215616. [PMID: 37601647 PMCID: PMC10435091 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1215616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
An allergic or type I hypersensitivity reaction involves a misdirected immune overreaction to innocuous environmental and dietary antigens called allergens. The genetic predisposition to allergic disease, referred to as atopy, can be expressed as a variety of manifestations-e.g., allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, anaphylaxis. Globally, allergic diseases are one the most common types of chronic conditions. Several factors have been identified to contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of the disease, leading to distinctively variable clinical symptoms. The factors which can attenuate or exacerbate allergic reactions can range from genetic heterozygosity, the prominence of various comorbid infections, and other factors such as pollution, climate, and interactions with other organisms and organism-derived products, and the surrounding environment. As a result, the effective prevention and control of allergies remains to be one of the most prominent public health problems. Therefore, to contextualize the current knowledge about allergic reactions, this review paper attempts to synthesize different aspects of an allergic response to describe its significance in the global health scheme. Specifically, the review shall characterize the biomolecular mechanisms of the pathophysiology of the disease based on underlying disease theories and current findings on ecologic interactions and describe prevention and control strategies being utilized. An integrated perspective that considers the underlying genetic, immunologic, and ecologic aspects of the disease would enable the development of more effective and targeted diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for the management and control of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbi Miguel G. Falcon
- Biomedical Innovations Research for Translational Health Science Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
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Gaylord A, Barrett ES, Sathyanarayana S, Swan SH, Nguyen RHN, Bush NR, Carroll K, Day DB, Kannan K, Trasande L. Prenatal bisphenol A and S exposure and atopic disease phenotypes at age 6. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 226:115630. [PMID: 36889565 PMCID: PMC10101912 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic disease may be influenced by prenatal and early life exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals, including bisphenols, but results from epidemiological studies have been mixed. This study aimed to extend the epidemiological literature, hypothesizing that children with higher prenatal bisphenol exposure are more likely to have childhood atopic disease. METHODS Urinary bisphenol A (BPA) and S (BPS) concentrations were measured in each trimester from 501 pregnant women in a multi-center, prospective pregnancy cohort. Ever asthma, current asthma, wheeze, and food allergy) were assessed at age six via standardized ISAAC questionnaire. We constructed generalized estimating equations to examine BPA and BPS exposure jointly at each trimester for each atopy phenotype. BPA was modeled as a log-transformed continuous variable, whereas BPS was modeled as detected versus not detected. We also modeled pregnancy-averaged BPA values and a categorical indicator for number of detectable BPS values over pregnancy (0-3) in logistic regression models. RESULTS First trimester BPA was associated with inverse odds of food allergy among the entire study sample (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.64-0.95, p = 0.01) and females only (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.52-0.90, p = 0.006). The inverse relationship persisted in pregnancy-averaged models of BPA among females (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.35-0.90, p = 0.006). Second trimester BPA was associated with greater odds of food allergy in the entire sample (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.02-1.58, p = 0.03) and among males only (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02-2.14, p = 0.04). Odds of current asthma increased among males in the pregnancy-averaged BPS models (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.01-2.69, p = 0.045). CONCLUSION We saw opposite effects of BPA on food allergy that were trimester- and sex-specific. These divergent associations warrant further investigation. There is some evidence to suggest that prenatal BPS is associated with asthma among males, but further research is required in cohorts with a greater proportion of prenatal urine samples with detectable BPS to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Gaylord
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shanna H Swan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruby H N Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kecia Carroll
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Drew B Day
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; New York University Wagner School of Public Service, New York, NY, USA; New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Karramass T, Sol C, Kannan K, Trasande L, Jaddoe V, Duijts L. Bisphenol and phthalate exposure during pregnancy and the development of childhood lung function and asthma. The generation R study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121853. [PMID: 37247769 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal exposure to bisphenols and phthalates may lead to alterations in the respiratory and immune system development in children, and to adverse respiratory health. AIMTO STUDY: the associations of fetal bisphenols and phthalates exposure with lung function and asthma at age 13 years. STUDY DESIGN and Methods This study among 1020 children was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study. We measured maternal urine bisphenol and phthalate concentrations in first, second and third trimester of pregnancy, and lung function by spirometry and asthma by questionnaires at age 13 years. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were applied. RESULTS Maternal urine bisphenol and phthalate concentrations averaged during pregnancy were not associated with childhood lung function or asthma. Associations of maternal urine bisphenol and phthalate concentrations in specific trimesters with respiratory outcomes showed that one interquartile range increase in the natural log transformed maternal urine mono-isobutyl phthalate concentration in second trimester was associated with a higher FEV1/FVC, but not with asthma, accounting for confounders and multiple-testing correction. Although there were associations of higher second trimester bisphenol S with a lower FVC and FEV1 in boys and girls, and of higher first trimester bisphenol S with a decreased risk of asthma in boys and an increased risk of asthma in girls, these results did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing. Results were not modified by maternal history of asthma or atopy. CONCLUSIONS Maternal urine bisphenol and phthalate concentrations averaged or in specific trimesters during pregnancy were not strongly associated with childhood lung function and asthma at age 13 years. BPS, as a BPA substitute, tended to be associated with impaired lung function and altered risk of asthma, partly sex-dependent, but its strength was limited by a relatively low detection rate and should be queried in contemporary cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Karramass
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chalana Sol
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, New York State, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, New York, United States
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, New York, United States; Department of Pediatrics, New York, University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, United States; New York Wagner School of Public Service, United States; New York University Global Institute of Public Health, New York, United States
| | - Vincent Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Coiffier O, Lyon-Caen S, Boudier A, Quentin J, Gioria Y, Pin I, Bayat S, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Slama R, Philippat C, Siroux V. Prenatal exposure to synthetic phenols and phthalates and child respiratory health from 2 to 36 months of life. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121794. [PMID: 37178953 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to phthalates and synthetic phenols is ubiquitous. Some of them are suspected to impact child respiratory health, although evidence still remains insufficient. This study investigated the associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and phenols, individually and as a mixture, and child respiratory health assessed by objective lung function measures since 2 months of age. Among 479 mother-child pairs from the SEPAGES cohort, 12 phenols, 13 phthalate and 2 non-phthalate plasticizer metabolites were measured in 2 pools including each 21 urine samples collected at the 2nd and 3rd pregnancy trimesters. Lung function was measured at 2 months using tidal breathing flow-volume loops and nitrogen multiple-breath washout, and at 3 years using oscillometry. Asthma, wheezing, bronchitis and bronchiolitis were assessed by repeated questionnaires. A cluster-based analysis was applied to identify exposure patterns to phenols and phthalates. Adjusted associations between clusters as well as each individual exposure biomarker and child respiratory health were estimated by regression models. We identified four prenatal exposure patterns: 1) low concentrations of all biomarkers (reference, n = 106), 2) low phenols-moderate phthalates (n = 162), 3) high concentrations of all biomarkers except bisphenol S (n = 109), 4) high parabens-moderate other phenols-low phthalates (n = 102). At 2 months, cluster 2 infants had lower functional residual capacity and tidal volume and higher ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to expiratory time (tPTEF/tE) and cluster 3 had lower lung clearance index and higher tPTEF/tE. Clusters were not associated with respiratory health at 3 years but in the single-pollutant models, parabens were associated with increased area of the reactance curve, bronchitis (methyl, ethyl parabens) and bronchiolitis (propyl paraben). Our results suggested that prenatal exposure to mixtures of phthalates reduced lung volume in early life. Single exposure analyses suggested associations of parabens with impaired lung function and increased risk of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Coiffier
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Boudier
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France; Pediatric Department, Grenoble University Hospital, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Joane Quentin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Yoann Gioria
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Pin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France; Pediatric Department, Grenoble University Hospital, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Sam Bayat
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), 38000, Grenoble, France
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10
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Silano (until 21 December 2020†) V, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Vernis L, Zorn H, Batke M, Bignami M, Corsini E, FitzGerald R, Gundert‐Remy U, Halldorsson T, Hart A, Ntzani E, Scanziani E, Schroeder H, Ulbrich B, Waalkens‐Berendsen D, Woelfle D, Al Harraq Z, Baert K, Carfì M, Castoldi AF, Croera C, Van Loveren H. Re-evaluation of the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs. EFSA J 2023; 21:e06857. [PMID: 37089179 PMCID: PMC10113887 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.6857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2015, EFSA established a temporary tolerable daily intake (t-TDI) for BPA of 4 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day. In 2016, the European Commission mandated EFSA to re-evaluate the risks to public health from the presence of BPA in foodstuffs and to establish a tolerable daily intake (TDI). For this re-evaluation, a pre-established protocol was used that had undergone public consultation. The CEP Panel concluded that it is Unlikely to Very Unlikely that BPA presents a genotoxic hazard through a direct mechanism. Taking into consideration the evidence from animal data and support from human observational studies, the immune system was identified as most sensitive to BPA exposure. An effect on Th17 cells in mice was identified as the critical effect; these cells are pivotal in cellular immune mechanisms and involved in the development of inflammatory conditions, including autoimmunity and lung inflammation. A reference point (RP) of 8.2 ng/kg bw per day, expressed as human equivalent dose, was identified for the critical effect. Uncertainty analysis assessed a probability of 57-73% that the lowest estimated Benchmark Dose (BMD) for other health effects was below the RP based on Th17 cells. In view of this, the CEP Panel judged that an additional uncertainty factor (UF) of 2 was needed for establishing the TDI. Applying an overall UF of 50 to the RP, a TDI of 0.2 ng BPA/kg bw per day was established. Comparison of this TDI with the dietary exposure estimates from the 2015 EFSA opinion showed that both the mean and the 95th percentile dietary exposures in all age groups exceeded the TDI by two to three orders of magnitude. Even considering the uncertainty in the exposure assessment, the exceedance being so large, the CEP Panel concluded that there is a health concern from dietary BPA exposure.
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11
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Eisner A, Gao Y, Collier F, Drummond K, Thomson S, Burgner D, Vuillermin P, Tang ML, Mueller J, Symeonides C, Saffery R, Ponsonby AL. Cord blood immune profile: Associations with higher prenatal plastic chemical levels. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120332. [PMID: 36195195 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to plastic chemicals has been associated with alterations to early-life immune function in children. However, previous studies have generally been small and focused on limited repertoires of immune indices. In a large population-based pre-birth cohort (n = 1074), third-trimester measurements of eight phthalate metabolites and three analogues of bisphenols were used to estimate prenatal exposure to phthalate and bisphenol compounds. In cord blood, immune cell populations were measured by flow cytometry and an extensive panel of cytokines and chemokines were measured by multiplex immunoassay. We used these cord blood analytes to estimate "early life" immune profiles. The full study sample comprises data from 774 infants with prenatal plastic metabolite measurements and any cord blood immune data. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate whether prenatal phthalate and bisphenol exposure was prospectively associated with cord blood immune cell populations and cytokine and chemokine levels. Generally, inverse associations were observed between prenatal phthalate exposure and cord blood immune indices. Higher exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate was associated with lower cord blood levels of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10); higher exposure to the sum of dibutyl phthalates was associated with lower cord blood levels of IP-10; and higher exposure to benzyl butyl phthalate was associated with lower cord blood levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β). There was less evidence of associations between bisphenols and cord blood immune indices. These results extend previous work examining prenatal plastic chemical exposure and early-life immune development and highlight the importance of further examination of potential associations with health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Eisner
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yuan Gao
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona Collier
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Drummond
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Thomson
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mimi Lk Tang
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jochen Mueller
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christos Symeonides
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Minderoo Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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12
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Sol CM, Gaylord A, Santos S, Jaddoe VWV, Felix JF, Trasande L. Fetal exposure to phthalates and bisphenols and DNA methylation at birth: the Generation R Study. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:125. [PMID: 36217170 PMCID: PMC9552446 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates and bisphenols are non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals that are ubiquitously present in our environment and may have long-lasting health effects following fetal exposure. A potential mechanism underlying these exposure-outcome relationships is differential DNA methylation. Our objective was to examine the associations of maternal phthalate and bisphenol concentrations during pregnancy with DNA methylation in cord blood using a chemical mixtures approach. METHODS This study was embedded in a prospective birth cohort study in the Netherlands and included 306 participants. We measured urine phthalates and bisphenols concentrations in the first, second and third trimester. Cord blood DNA methylation in their children was processed using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip using an epigenome-wide association approach. Using quantile g-computation, we examined the association of increasing all mixture components by one quartile with cord blood DNA methylation. RESULTS We did not find evidence for statistically significant associations of a maternal mixture of phthalates and bisphenols during any of the trimesters of pregnancy with DNA methylation in cord blood (all p values > 4.01 * 10-8). However, we identified one suggestive association (p value < 1.0 * 10-6) of the first trimester maternal mixture of phthalates and bisphenols and three suggestive associations of the second trimester maternal mixture of phthalates and bisphenols with DNA methylation in cord blood. CONCLUSIONS Although we did not identify genome-wide significant results, we identified some suggestive associations of exposure to a maternal mixture of phthalates and bisphenols in the first and second trimester with DNA methylation in cord blood that need further exploration in larger study samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalana M. Sol
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC – Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abigail Gaylord
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 403 East 34th Street, Room 115, New York City, NY 10016 USA
| | - Susana Santos
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC – Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC – Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janine F. Felix
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC – Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 403 East 34th Street, Room 115, New York City, NY, 10016, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 403 East 34th Street, Room 115, New York City, NY, 10016, USA. .,Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 403 East 34th Street, Room 115, New York City, NY, 10016, USA. .,New York Wagner School of Public Service, New York City, NY, 10016, USA. .,New York University Global Institute of Public Health, New York City, NY, 10016, USA.
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13
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Nguyen HT, Li L, Eguchi A, Agusa T, Yamamoto K, Kannan K, Kim EY, Iwata H. Effects of gestational exposure to bisphenol A on the hepatic transcriptome and lipidome of rat dams: Intergenerational comparison of effects in the offspring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:153990. [PMID: 35192832 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that prenatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure affected the hepatic transcriptome and lipidome in rat offspring in a sex- and age-dependent manner. In this study, we investigated the effects of gestational exposure to BPA on the rat dams, after weaning period, and compared them with those of their offspring. Our results showed alterations in hepatic transcriptome related to insulin signaling, circadian rhythm, and infectious disease pathways in BPA-treated dams even 4 weeks after the exposure, whereas slight modifications on the lipid profile were found. Alterations in lipid and transcriptome profiles were more prominent in the prenatally BPA-exposed offspring at postnatal day (PND) 1 and 21 than those in the dams, suggesting that in utero exposure to BPA is more serious than exposure in the adulthood. Cryptochrome-1 (Cry1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (Ppard) were commonly altered in both dams and offspring. Nevertheless, the results of DIABLO (Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponents), showed that multi-omics data successfully distinguished the exposed dams from the corresponding controls and their offspring with a high level of accuracy. The accuracy rates in BPA50 models (including control and 50 μg BPA/kg bw/day exposed groups) were smaller than those in BPA5000 models (control and 5000 μg BPA/kg bw/day exposed groups), suggesting dose-dependent severity in BPA effects. Palmitic acid and genes related to circadian rhythm, insulin responses, and lipid metabolism (e.g., 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2 (Agpat2), B-cell CLL/lymphoma 10 (Bcl10), Cry1, Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene (Hras), and NLR family member X1 (Nlrx1)) were identified through DIABLO models as novel biomarkers of effects of BPA across two generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa Thanh Nguyen
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama 7908577, Japan
| | - Lingyun Li
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, United States
| | - Akifumi Eguchi
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 2630022, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Agusa
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama 7908577, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto 8628502, Japan
| | - Kimika Yamamoto
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama 7908577, Japan
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, United States; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hisato Iwata
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama 7908577, Japan.
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14
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Abellan A, Mensink-Bout SM, Garcia-Esteban R, Beneito A, Chatzi L, Duarte-Salles T, Fernandez MF, Garcia-Aymerich J, Granum B, Iñiguez C, Jaddoe VWV, Kannan K, Lertxundi A, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Philippat C, Sakhi AK, Santos S, Siroux V, Sunyer J, Trasande L, Vafeiadi M, Vela-Soria F, Yang TC, Zabaleta C, Vrijheid M, Duijts L, Casas M. In utero exposure to bisphenols and asthma, wheeze, and lung function in school-age children: a prospective meta-analysis of 8 European birth cohorts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 162:107178. [PMID: 35314078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In utero exposure to bisphenols, widely used in consumer products, may alter lung development and increase the risk of respiratory morbidity in the offspring. However, evidence is scarce and mostly focused on bisphenol A (BPA) only. OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of in utero exposure to BPA, bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol S (BPS) with asthma, wheeze, and lung function in school-age children, and whether these associations differ by sex. METHODS We included 3,007 mother-child pairs from eight European birth cohorts. Bisphenol concentrations were determined in maternal urine samples collected during pregnancy (1999-2010). Between 7 and 11 years of age, current asthma and wheeze were assessed from questionnaires and lung function by spirometry. Wheezing patterns were constructed from questionnaires from early to mid-childhood. We performed adjusted random-effects meta-analysis on individual participant data. RESULTS Exposure to BPA was prevalent with 90% of maternal samples containing concentrations above detection limits. BPF and BPS were found in 27% and 49% of samples. In utero exposure to BPA was associated with higher odds of current asthma (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.27) and wheeze (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.30) (p-interaction sex = 0.01) among girls, but not with wheezing patterns nor lung function neither in overall nor among boys. We observed inconsistent associations of BPF and BPS with the respiratory outcomes assessed in overall and sex-stratified analyses. CONCLUSION This study suggests that in utero BPA exposure may be associated with higher odds of asthma and wheeze among school-age girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Abellan
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara M Mensink-Bout
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Raquel Garcia-Esteban
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Beneito
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Talita Duarte-Salles
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernandez
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Berit Granum
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research. Universitat de València. València, Spain
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Preventive medicine and public health department, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain; Biodonostia Health research institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble, France
| | | | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble, France
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Tiffany C Yang
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Tarafdar A, Sirohi R, Balakumaran PA, Reshmy R, Madhavan A, Sindhu R, Binod P, Kumar Y, Kumar D, Sim SJ. The hazardous threat of Bisphenol A: Toxicity, detection and remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127097. [PMID: 34488101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (or BPA) is a toxic endocrine disrupting chemical that is released into the environment through modern manufacturing practices. BPA can disrupt the production, function and activity of endogenous hormones causing irregularity in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal glands and also the pituitary-adrenal function. BPA has immuno-suppression activity and can downregulate T cells and antioxidant genes. The genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of BPA is paramount and therefore, there is an immediate need to properly detect and remediate its influence. In this review, we discuss the toxic effects of BPA on different metabolic systems in the human body, followed by its mechanism of action. Various novel detection techniques (LC-MS, GC-MS, capillary electrophoresis, immunoassay and sensors) involving a pretreatment step (liquid-liquid microextraction and molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction) have also been detailed. Mechanisms of various remediation strategies, including biodegradation using native enzymes, membrane separation processes, photocatalytic oxidation, use of nanosorbents and thermal degradation has been detailed. An overview of the global regulations pertaining to BPA has been presented. More investigations are required on the efficiency of integrated remediation technologies rather than standalone methods for BPA removal. The effect of processing operations on BPA in food matrices is also warranted to restrict its transport into food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayon Tarafdar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Palanisamy Athiyaman Balakumaran
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - R Reshmy
- Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikkara 690110, Kerela, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 695014, Kerela, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology and Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology and Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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16
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Integrated Genomic and Bioinformatics Approaches to Identify Molecular Links between Endocrine Disruptors and Adverse Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010574. [PMID: 35010832 PMCID: PMC8744944 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) has been linked with several adverse outcomes. In this review, we examine EDCs that are pervasive in the environment and are of concern in the context of human, animal, and environmental health. We explore the consequences of EDC exposure on aquatic life, terrestrial animals, and humans. We focus on the exploitation of genomics technologies and in particular whole transcriptome sequencing. Genome-wide analyses using RNAseq provides snap shots of cellular, tissue and whole organism transcriptomes under normal physiological and EDC perturbed conditions. A global view of gene expression provides highly valuable information as it uncovers gene families or more specifically, pathways that are affected by EDC exposures, but also reveals those that are unaffected. Hypotheses about genes with unknown functions can also be formed by comparison of their expression levels with genes of known function. Risk assessment strategies leveraging genomic technologies and the development of toxicology databases are explored. Finally, we review how the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) has exploited this high throughput data to provide a framework for toxicology studies.
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Smith AR, Kogut KR, Parra K, Bradman A, Holland N, Harley KG. Dietary intake and household exposures as predictors of urinary concentrations of high molecular weight phthalates and bisphenol A in a cohort of adolescents. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:37-47. [PMID: 33619365 PMCID: PMC8380263 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are endocrine disrupting chemicals used in consumer products, building materials, and food processing and packaging materials. They are associated with adverse health outcomes, especially when exposure occurs during heightened windows of susceptibility. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the relationship between housing and dietary characteristics and the concentration of several high-molecular-weight (HMW) phthalate metabolites and BPA in a cohort of Latina adolescents. METHODS We collected information on recent food consumption and housing characteristics and quantified the concentration of HMW phthalate and BPA metabolites in urine collected at two different time points. We used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to assess predictors of each metabolite. RESULTS No significant associations were observed between housing and dietary characteristics and metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) or BPA. In contrast, higher urinary monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) concentration was associated with living in a home with vinyl or linoleum flooring (66.7% change, p-value <0.01), while higher urinary mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) concentration was associated with recent consumption of coffee (47.2% change, p-value <0.01), and fast food (30.3% change, p-value <0.05). SIGNIFICANCE These findings may be useful in targeting interventions that reduce phthalate uptake in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Katherine R Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kimberly Parra
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Asa Bradman
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Nina Holland
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kim G Harley
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Baralić K, Bozic D, Živančević K, Milenković M, Javorac D, Marić Đ, Antonijević Miljaković E, Buha Djordjevic A, Vukomanović P, Ćurčić M, Bulat Z, Antonijević B, Đukić-Ćosić D. Integrating in silico with in vivo approach to investigate phthalate and bisphenol A mixture-linked asthma development: Positive probiotic intervention. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 158:112671. [PMID: 34793900 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms of bis(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and bisphenol A (BPA) mixture-induced asthma development and test probiotic as a potential positive intervention. Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and ToppGene Suite were used as the main tools for in silico analysis. In vivo 28-day experiment was conducted on rats - seven groups (n = 6): (1) Control: corn oil, (2) P: probiotic (8.78 * 108 CFU/kg/day); (3) DEHP: 50 mg/kg b.w./day, (4) DBP: 50 mg/kg b.w./day, (5) BPA: 25 mg/kg b.w./day; (6) MIX: DEHP + DBP + BPA; (7) MIX + P. Lungs, thymus and kidneys were extracted and prepared for redox status and essential metals analysis. By conducting additional in vitro experiment, probiotic phthalate and BPA binding ability was explored. There were 24 DEHP, DBP and BPA asthma-related genes, indicating the three most probable mechanisms - apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. In vivo experiment confirmed that significant changes in redox status/essential metal parameters were either prominent, or only present in the MIX group, indicating possible additive effects. In vitro experiment confirmed the ability of the multy-strain probiotic to bind DEHP/DBP/BPA mixture, while probiotic administration ameliorated mixture-induced changes in rat tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Baralić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dragica Bozic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Živančević
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Milenković
- Department of Drug Analysis, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of Public Health of Serbia Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut, dr Subotića 5, 112113, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Javorac
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđica Marić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evica Antonijević Miljaković
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Vukomanović
- Medical Sanitary School of Applied Sciences "Visan", 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Ćurčić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Antonijević
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Đukić-Ćosić
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
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Li XN, Wu D, Liu Y, Zhang SS, Tian FL, Sun Q, Wei W, Cao X, Jia LH. Prenatal exposure to bisphenols, immune responses in cord blood and infantile eczema: A nested prospective cohort study in China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112987. [PMID: 34781129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that human exposure to bisphenols can increase the risk of allergic disease, such as child asthma. However, the mechanism by which exposure to bisphenols causes allergic disease is unclear. In addition, the effects of exposure to bisphenols during pregnancy on infantile eczema have been poorly studied. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of bisphenols (BPA, BPF and BPS) exposure during pregnancy on immune cells in cord blood, and on the occurrence of infantile eczema. 111 mother-child pairs with urine samples from pregnant women and cord blood were recruited from a birth cohort established in February 2019 in Shenyang, China. The levels of urinary bisphenols and Th1-, Th2-, Treg- and Th17-related genes, and cytokines in cord blood, as well as the incidence of infantile eczema at 6 and 12 months follow up were determined. Our results show that BPA, BPF and BPS were detected in 100%, 63.1% and 46.8% of the urine samples, respectively. The median concentration of urine specific gravity adjusted BPA (SG-BPA) was 7.46 ng/mL. High SG-BPA levels during pregnancy was independently associated with increased risk of infantile eczema (adjusted OR = 2.731, 95%CI: 1.064-7.012, P = 0.037). Higher levels of FOXP3 gene in cord blood had a significantly lower risk of developing eczema in infants (adjusted OR=0.430, 95%CI: 0.190-0.972, P = 0.042). However, BPS and BPF levels were not associated with infantile eczema. FOXP3 gene levels in cord blood mediated the relationship between SG-BPA levels during pregnancy and infantile eczema (indirect effect: β = 0.350 [CI:0.011,1.077]). Our findings indicate that high levels of BPA exposure during pregnancy increase the risk of infantile eczema, which may be associated with down-regulation of FOXP3 gene expression in cord blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ning Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Fu-Lin Tian
- Center for Public Health Safety Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Li-Hong Jia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, Shenyang 110122, China.
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20
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Lee S, Park SK, Park H, Lee W, Lee JH, Hong YC, Ha M, Kim Y, Lee BE, Ha E. Joint association of prenatal bisphenol-A and phthalates exposure with risk of atopic dermatitis in 6-month-old infants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:147953. [PMID: 34323845 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates could trigger immune response. Few studies have investigated the association between prenatal BPA and phthalate exposure and atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants. OBJECTIVE We aimed to clarify the joint association of prenatal exposure to BPA and phthalate metabolites with AD incidence in 6-month-old infants. METHODS We included 413 mother-child pairs from the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) in a prospective birth cohort study. Maternal urinary BPA, mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) concentrations were measured during early and late pregnancy. We applied the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) with probit regression to estimate the association of BPA and phthalate metabolites with AD incidence after adjusting for potential confounders. Individual association was estimated by differences in predicted probabilities comparing each individual chemical concentration at 75th versus 25th percentiles, while other chemicals were set at their median. Overall joint effect was estimated by differences in predicted probabilities comparing all chemical concentrations at 75th versus 25th percentiles. RESULTS Individual effect of MEHHP in late pregnancy was strongly associated with incident AD [Difference: 0.244 (95% credible interval: -0.066, 0.554)] in the model including both early and late exposures. Furthermore, we confirmed overall joint association of urinary BPA and phthalate metabolites during pregnancy with a higher risk of AD [0.347 (0.168, 0.526) for late pregnancy exposure, and 0.307 (0.094, 0.521) for both early and late pregnancy]. Additionally, the joint association was more prominent among girls than that in boys. CONCLUSIONS The joint association of prenatal exposure to BPA and phthalates could be associated with the incident AD in 6-month-old infants. Further studies are needed to confirm the synergistic effect of BPA and phthalate exposures on AD in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulbi Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojoo Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyen Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Lee
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Ha
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Sharma P, Chadha P. Bisphenol A induced toxicity in blood cells of freshwater fish Channa punctatus after acute exposure. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4738-4750. [PMID: 34354462 PMCID: PMC8324972 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of bisphenol A (BPA) has led to its ubiquity in the natural environment. It is extensively incorporated into different industrial products and is associated with deleterious health effects on both public and wildlife. The current trial was conducted to determine the toxic potential of bisphenol A using various parameters viz haematological, biochemical, and cytological in freshwater fish Channa punctatus. For this purpose, fish were exposed to 1.81 mg/l (1/4 of LC50) and 3.81 mg/l (1/2 of LC50) of BPA along with positive (acetone) and negative controls (water) for 96 h. The blood samples were collected at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post-exposure. Compared to the control group, fish after acute exposure to BPA showed a significant decrease in HB content, number of red blood cells, PCV values whereas a significant increase in WBCs count was recorded with an increase in the exposure period. Besides, oxidative stress (determined as malondialdehyde content) increased as BPA concentration increased. Further, the activity of different antioxidant enzymes like catalase, and superoxide dismutase decreased significantly after treatment. Results also showed significantly increased frequency of morphological alterations, nuclear changes, and increased DNA damage potential of BPA in red blood cells. Further structural analysis of erythrocytes in maximally damaged group using Scanning Electron Microscopy was performed. The study concludes that BPA exhibits genotoxic activity and oxidative stress could be one of the mechanisms leading to genetic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Pooja Chadha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
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García-Serna AM, Martín-Orozco E, Hernández-Caselles T, Morales E. Prenatal and Perinatal Environmental Influences Shaping the Neonatal Immune System: A Focus on Asthma and Allergy Origins. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083962. [PMID: 33918723 PMCID: PMC8069583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It is suggested that programming of the immune system starts before birth and is shaped by environmental influences acting during critical windows of susceptibility for human development. Prenatal and perinatal exposure to physiological, biological, physical, or chemical factors can trigger permanent, irreversible changes to the developing immune system, which may be reflected in cord blood of neonates. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the evidence on the role of the prenatal and perinatal environment, including season of birth, mode of delivery, exposure to common allergens, a farming environment, pet ownership, and exposure to tobacco smoking and pollutants, in shaping the immune cell populations and cytokines at birth in humans. We also discuss how reported disruptions in the immune system at birth might contribute to the development of asthma and related allergic manifestations later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara María García-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Martín-Orozco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Hernández-Caselles
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-868883691
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Malaisé Y, Lencina C, Placide F, Bacquié V, Cartier C, Olier M, Buettner M, Wallbrecht M, Ménard S, Guzylack-Piriou L. Oral exposure to bisphenols induced food intolerance and colitis in vivo by modulating immune response in adult mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111773. [PMID: 33011352 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol (BP) A, a known food contaminant, is a possible risk factor in the epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCD) including food intolerance and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Regulatory restrictions regarding BPA usage led to BPA removal and replacement by poorly described substitutes, like BPS or BPF (few data on occurrence in food and human samples and biological effect). Oral tolerance protocol to ovalbumin (OVA) in WT mice and Il10-/- mice prone to IBD were used respectively to address immune responses towards food and microbial luminal antigens following BP oral exposure. Both mice models were orally exposed for five weeks to BPA, BPS or BPF at 0.5, 5 and 50 μg/kg of body weight (bw)/day (d). Oral exposure to BPs at low doses (0.5 and 5 μg/kg bw/d) impaired oral tolerance as indicated by higher humoral and pro-inflammatory cellular responses in OVA-tolerized mice. However, only BPF exacerbate colitis in Il10-/- prone mice associated with a defect of fecal IgA and increased secretion of TNF-α in colon. These findings provide a unique comparative study on effects of adult oral exposure to BPs on immune responses and its consequences on NCD related to intestinal luminal antigen development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Malaisé
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Lencina
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Fanny Placide
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Bacquié
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Christel Cartier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Maïwenn Olier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Manuela Buettner
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Wallbrecht
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandrine Ménard
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Guzylack-Piriou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France.
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Berger K, Coker E, Rauch S, Eskenazi B, Balmes J, Kogut K, Holland N, Calafat AM, Harley K. Prenatal phthalate, paraben, and phenol exposure and childhood allergic and respiratory outcomes: Evaluating exposure to chemical mixtures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 725:138418. [PMID: 32302842 PMCID: PMC7255953 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemicals found in personal care products and plastics have been associated with asthma, allergies, and lung function, but methods to address real life exposure to mixtures of these chemicals have not been applied to these associations. METHODS We quantified urinary concentrations of eleven phthalate metabolites, four parabens, and five other phenols in mothers twice during pregnancy and assessed probable asthma, aeroallergies, and lung function in their age seven children. We implemented Bayesian Profile Regression (BPR) to cluster women by their exposures to these chemicals and tested the clusters for differences in outcome measurements. We used Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) to fit biomarkers into one model as joint independent variables. RESULTS BPR clustered women into seven groups characterized by patterns of personal care product and plastic use, though there were no significant differences in outcomes across clusters. BKMR showed that monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate and 2,4-dichlorophenol were associated with probable asthma (predicted probability of probable asthma per IQR of biomarker z-score (standard deviation) = 0.08 (0.09) and 0.11 (0.12), respectively) and poorer lung function (predicted probability per IQR = -0.07 (0.05) and -0.07 (0.06), respectively), and that mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate and bisphenol A were associated with aeroallergies (predicted probability per IQR = 0.13 (0.09) and 0.11 (0.08), respectively). Several biomarkers demonstrated positive additive effects on other associations. CONCLUSIONS BPR and BKMR are useful tools to evaluate associations of biomarker concentrations within a mixture of exposure and should supplement single-chemical regression models when data allow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Berger
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
| | - Eric Coker
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
| | - Stephen Rauch
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
| | - John Balmes
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
| | - Katie Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
| | - Nina Holland
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - Kim Harley
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
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25
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Mendy A, Salo PM, Wilkerson J, Feinstein L, Ferguson KK, Fessler MB, Thorne PS, Zeldin DC. Association of urinary levels of bisphenols F and S used as bisphenol A substitutes with asthma and hay fever outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:108944. [PMID: 31911000 PMCID: PMC7167336 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenols F (BPF) and S (BPS) are bisphenol A (BPA) analogs used as substitutes in consumer products. Despite previous reports of BPA's association with asthma, no studies have examined its structural analogs in relation to asthma and allergy outcomes. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of urinary BPF, BPS, and BPA with asthma and hay fever in a US representative sample. METHODS We analyzed data from 3,538 participants aged 12 years or older in the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Children aged 6-11 years (N = 738), who did not have all covariate data available, were analyzed separately. Covariate-adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the association of the exposures with the outcomes. RESULTS BPF, BPS, and BPA were detected in 57.1%, 88.4%, and 94.8% of the urine samples, respectively. Urinary BPF detection was positively associated with current asthma (odds ratio [OR]: 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-2.04) and hay fever (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.12-2.46). Urinary BPS was associated with increased odds of current asthma in men (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.13-2.40) and urinary BPA was associated with increased odds of asthma without hay fever in children aged 6-11 years (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.05-6.68). CONCLUSION Our nationally-representative findings document that BPF and BPS exposure is common in the US and that exposure to these BPA analogs is associated with asthma and/or hay fever. Our results suggest that BPF and BPS may not be safe alternatives to BPA; however, prospective studies should be conducted to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelico Mendy
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Pӓivi M Salo
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Michael B Fessler
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Peter S Thorne
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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The imbalance of Treg/Th17 cells induced by perinatal bisphenol A exposure is associated with activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in male offspring mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Loffredo LF, Coden ME, Berdnikovs S. Endocrine Disruptor Bisphenol A (BPA) Triggers Systemic Para-Inflammation and is Sufficient to Induce Airway Allergic Sensitization in Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020343. [PMID: 32012983 PMCID: PMC7071314 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic airway diseases are accompanied by increased permeability and an inflammatory state of epithelial barriers, which are thought to be susceptible to allergen sensitization. Although exogenous drivers (proteases, allergens) of epithelial barrier disruption and sensitization are well studied, endogenous contributors (diet, xenobiotics, hormones, and metabolism) to allergic sensitization are much less understood. Xenoestrogens are synthetic or natural chemical compounds that have the ability to mimic estrogen and are ubiquitous in the food and water supply of developed countries. By interfering with the estrogen produced by the endocrine system, these compounds have the systemic potential to disrupt the homeostasis of multiple tissues. Our study examined the potential of prototypical xenoestrogen bisphenol A (BPA) to disrupt epithelial homeostasis in vitro and promote allergic responses in vivo. We found that BPA exposure in epithelial cultures in vitro significantly inhibited epithelial cell proliferation and wound healing, as well as promoted the expression of the innate alarmin cytokine TSLP in a time-and dose-dependent manner. In vivo, the exposure to BPA through water supply or inhalation induced a systemic para-inflammatory response by promoting the expression of innate inflammatory mediators in the skin, gut, and airway. In a murine tolerogenic antigen challenge model, chronic systemic exposure to BPA was sufficient to induce airway sensitization to innocuous chicken egg ovalbumin in the complete absence of adjuvants. Mechanistic studies are needed to test conclusively whether endocrine disruptors may play an upstream role in allergic sensitization via their ability to promote a para-inflammatory state.
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Dong YD, Gao L, Wu FJ, Lin R, Meng Y, Jia LH, Wang XF. Abnormal differentiation of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells induced by perinatal bisphenol A exposure in female offspring mice. Mol Cell Toxicol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-019-00067-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Tajiki-Nishino R, Makino E, Watanabe Y, Tajima H, Ishimota M, Fukuyama T. Oral Administration of Bisphenol A Directly Exacerbates Allergic Airway Inflammation but Not Allergic Skin Inflammation in Mice. Toxicol Sci 2019; 165:314-321. [PMID: 29846729 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in various areas of daily life as a major component of plastic products. However, it is also known as a strong endocrine disruptor that affects the human immune system. Studies have indicated that BPA possibly exacerbates allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and asthma. The main aim of this study was to elucidate whether BPA is directly involved in the exacerbation of allergic inflammation. Initially, in vivo experiments with mouse models of allergic inflammation induced by Th2 type hapten toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate (TDI) was performed. Mice were subjected to oral administration of BPA 48, 24, and 4 h before challenge with TDI. Dermal challenge of TDI onto the ear auricle was performed for the allergic dermatitis model, and intratracheal challenge of TDI was performed for the allergic airway inflammation model. In the allergic dermatitis model, ear-swelling response was significantly downregulated by high doses of BPA. The opposite reaction was observed in the allergic airway inflammation model, including significant exacerbation of red coloration in the lung, local cytokine levels, and total IgE levels in serum by BPA administration. To confirm the in vivo results, in vitro experiments with human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) and bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells were carried out. Significant enhancement of cytokine release from BEAS-2B cells but not HEKs in the BPA-treated group supported the in vivo observations. Our results imply that exposure to BPA directly exacerbates allergic airway inflammation but not allergic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Tajiki-Nishino
- Toxicology Division, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Emi Makino
- Toxicology Division, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Toxicology Division, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tajima
- Toxicology Division, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishimota
- Toxicology Division, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
| | - Tomoki Fukuyama
- Toxicology Division, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan
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Lopez-Tello J, Arias-Alvarez M, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Sferuzzi-Perri AN. Models of Intrauterine growth restriction and fetal programming in rabbits. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1781-1809. [PMID: 31538701 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects approximately 10% of human pregnancies globally and has immediate and life-long consequences for offspring health. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of IUGR and its association with later health and disease outcomes are poorly understood. To address these knowledge gaps, the use of experimental animals is critically important. Since the 50's different environmental, pharmacological, and surgical manipulations have been performed in the rabbit to improve our knowledge of the control of fetal growth, fetal responses to IUGR, and mechanisms by which offspring may be programmed by an adverse gestational environment. The purpose of this review is therefore to summarize the utility of the rabbit as a model for IUGR research. It first summarizes the knowledge of prenatal and postnatal development in the rabbit and how these events relate to developmental milestones in humans. It then describes the methods used to induce IUGR in rabbits and the knowledge gained about the mechanisms determining prenatal and postnatal outcomes of the offspring. Finally, it discusses the application of state of the art approaches in the rabbit, including high-resolution ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and gene targeting, to gain a deeper integrative understanding of the physiological and molecular events governing the development of IUGR. Overall, we hope to engage and inspire investigators to employ the rabbit as a model organism when studying pregnancy physiology so that we may advance our understanding of mechanisms underlying IUGR and its consequences in humans and other mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lopez-Tello
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria Arias-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Production. Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Amanda N Sferuzzi-Perri
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Ma Y, Liu H, Wu J, Yuan L, Wang Y, Du X, Wang R, Marwa PW, Petlulu P, Chen X, Zhang H. The adverse health effects of bisphenol A and related toxicity mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108575. [PMID: 31299621 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial component commonly used in synthesis of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resin and other polymer materials. Due to its mass productions and widespread applications, the presence of BPA is ubiquitous in the environment. BPA can enter the body via different ways such as digestive tract, respiratory tract and dermal tract. As an endocrine disruptor, BPA has estrogen-like and anti-androgen effects causing damages to different tissues and organs, including reproductive system, immune system and neuroendocrine system, etc. Recently, it has been shown that BPA could induce carcinogenesis and mutagenesis in animal models. Here, the underlying mechanisms of BPA-induced multi-organ toxicity were well summarized, involving the receptor pathways, disruption of neuroendocrine system, inhibition of enzymes, modulation of immune and inflammatory responses, as well as genotoxic and epigenetic mechanisms. The aim of this review is to compile the available current research data regarding BPA and provide an overview of the current status of BPA exposure and relevant health effects covering reproductive, developmental, metabolic, immuno, respiratory, hepatic and renal toxicity and carcinogenesis of BPA. This review provides comprehensive data of BPA toxicity on human health and related mechanisms. We also identify any missing data which should be addressed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ma
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haohao Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinxia Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Le Yuan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yueqin Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | | | - Xinghai Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Li J, Xia W, Wu C, Zhao H, Zhou Y, Wei J, Ji F, Luan H, Xu S, Cai Z. Variations of phthalate exposure and metabolism over three trimesters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:137-145. [PMID: 31078085 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to phthalates may cause some adverse health effects on both mother and fetus, but variations of phthalate exposure and metabolism during pregnancy have not been thoroughly characterized. A total of 946 participants were selected from a cohort study conducted in Wuhan between 2014 and 2015 through which they had provided a complete set of urine samples at three trimesters. Eight phthalate metabolites were analyzed in 2838 urine samples. Based on urinary concentrations, various parameters (i.e. phthalate metabolite concentrations, ratios of metabolites of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in DEHP, and percentages of individual metabolites in total phthalates) were compared over three visits. We observed that levels of phthalate metabolites showed a U-shaped trend across three trimesters. The significant variations in the ratios of DEHP metabolites indicated that the efficiency in metabolizing DEHP declined during pregnancy and less recent exposure occurred in mid-pregnancy. The changes of percentages of individual compound in total phthalates suggested the inconsistent pattern over trimesters. This longitudinal study found that the exposure pattern, exposure timing and metabolic susceptibility varied by trimesters, which suggests that urine samples should be collected at multiple time points and mothers should be especially careful in the early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuansha Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juntong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fenfen Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hemi Luan
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088, Xueyuan Rd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Naeem A, Silveyra P. Sex Differences in Paediatric and Adult Asthma. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10312930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic condition in Western countries. Affecting 1 in 7 children and 1 in 12 adults, asthma is responsible for >350,000 avoidable deaths every year. While most children who develop symptoms of asthma are <5 years of age, the disease is frequently misdiagnosed or not suspected in infants and toddlers. In addition, the prevalence of asthma is different in males and females throughout their lifespan. While boys are more likely to develop asthma than girls, this pattern is reversed after puberty. This indicates that sex-specific factors, such as fluctuations in hormone levels, play a role in the disease’s pathogenesis. In this review, the authors discuss recent advances in diagnostic tools for asthma in both adults and children, as well as the influences of BMI, environmental exposures, socioeconomic factors, and sex hormones in the disease’s pathogenesis. The review will show that both experimental and epidemiological evidence suggest that circulating sex hormone levels are important contributors to asthma symptoms in post-pubertal females, while their role in males and children has not been yet established. In addition, the mechanisms associated with these hormonal influences on airway inflammation and hyper-reactivity have not been yet elucidated. The authors conclude that different factors affect asthma rates and severity in children and adults, and that more research needs to be conducted to identify the specific contributions of sex hormones. These will allow the development of more personalised asthma treatment strategies for men and women at different stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Naeem
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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34
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Meyers JL, Winans B, Kelsaw E, Murthy A, Gerber S, Lawrence BP. Environmental cues received during development shape dendritic cell responses later in life. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207007. [PMID: 30412605 PMCID: PMC6226176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental signals mediated via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) shape the developing immune system and influence immune function. Developmental exposure to AHR binding chemicals causes persistent changes in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses later in life, including dampened clonal expansion and differentiation during influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Naïve T cells require activation by dendritic cells (DCs), and AHR ligands modulate the function of DCs from adult organisms. Yet, the consequences of developmental AHR activation by exogenous ligands on DCs later in life has not been examined. We report here that early life activation of AHR durably reduces the ability of DC to activate naïve IAV-specific CD8+ T cells; however, activation of naïve CD4+ T cells was not impaired. Also, DCs from developmentally exposed offspring migrated more poorly than DCs from control dams in both in vivo and ex vivo assessments of DC migration. Conditional knockout mice, which lack Ahr in CD11c lineage cells, suggest that dampened DC emigration is intrinsic to DCs. Yet, levels of chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), a key regulator of DC trafficking, were generally unaffected. Gene expression analyses reveal changes in Lrp1, Itgam, and Fcgr1 expression, and point to alterations in genes that regulate DC migration and antigen processing and presentation as being among pathways disrupted by inappropriate AHR signaling during development. These studies establish that AHR activation during development causes long-lasting changes to DCs, and provide new information regarding how early life environmental cues shape immune function later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Meyers
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Bethany Winans
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Erin Kelsaw
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Aditi Murthy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Scott Gerber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - B. Paige Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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35
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Yu JE, Mallapaty A, Miller RL. It's not just the food you eat: Environmental factors in the development of food allergies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 165:118-124. [PMID: 29689456 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dramatic rise in the prevalence of food allergy and food allergy-associated anaphylaxis in the past few decades has fueled investigative interest into understanding this puzzling trend. Here, we review the question as to whether important external environmental determinants beyond dietary habits and exposure to food allergens are involved. This review will summarize our current understanding of these environment determinants, derived from the latest experimental and epidemiological research. Specifically, we will review the role of exposures that affect skin barrier function, development of a diverse microbiome, and food processing. Additional exposures of concern are insufficient sunlight, endocrine disrupting chemicals and pesticides, and use of specific pharmaceutical agents that may drive or modify the risk for food allergy. Despite limitations in the quantity and quality of research to date, many new epidemiological associations and experimental data in support of this paradigm have emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce E Yu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, PH8E-101, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anu Mallapaty
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, PH8E-101, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, PH8E-101, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, PH8E-101, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA.
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36
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Buckley JP, Quirós-Alcalá L, Teitelbaum SL, Calafat AM, Wolff MS, Engel SM. Associations of prenatal environmental phenol and phthalate biomarkers with respiratory and allergic diseases among children aged 6 and 7 years. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:79-88. [PMID: 29550712 PMCID: PMC5970077 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal environmental phenol and phthalate exposures may alter immune or inflammatory responses leading to respiratory and allergic disease. OBJECTIVES We estimated associations of prenatal environmental phenol and phthalate biomarkers with respiratory and allergic outcomes among children in the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study. METHODS We quantified urinary biomarkers of benzophenone-3, bisphenol A, paradichlorobenzene (as 2,5-dichlorophenol), triclosan, and 10 phthalate metabolites in third trimester maternal samples and assessed asthma, wheeze, and atopic skin conditions via parent questionnaires at ages 6 and 7 years (n = 164 children with 240 observations). We used logistic regression to estimate covariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per standard deviation difference in natural log biomarker concentrations and examined effect measure modification by child's sex. RESULTS Associations of prenatal 2,5-dichlorophenol (all outcomes) and bisphenol A (asthma outcomes) were modified by child's sex, with increased odds of outcomes among boys but not girls. Among boys, ORs for asthma diagnosis per standard deviation difference in biomarker concentration were 3.00 (95% CI: 1.36, 6.59) for 2,5-dichlorophenol and 3.04 (95% CI: 1.38, 6.68) for bisphenol A. Wheeze in the past 12 months was inversely associated with low molecular weight phthalate metabolites among girls only (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.59) and with benzophenone-3 among all children (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.96). CONCLUSIONS Prenatal bisphenol A and paradichlorobenzene exposures were associated with pediatric respiratory outcomes among boys. Future studies may shed light on biological mechanisms and potential sexually-dimorphic effects of select phenols and phthalates on respiratory disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie P Buckley
- Departments of Environmental Health & Engineering and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, USA; Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan L Teitelbaum
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mary S Wolff
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, USA
| | - Stephanie M Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Zhao H, Huo W, Li J, Ma X, Xia W, Pang Z, Xie M, Xu S, Cai Z. Exposure to benzophenones, parabens and triclosan among pregnant women in different trimesters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:578-585. [PMID: 28709092 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Humans are potentially exposed to many environmental pollutants, many of which may cause adverse health effects, especially to pregnant women and their fetuses. In this study, 11 environmental pollutants from three different chemical classes, including benzophenones, parabens and triclosan were measured in 627 urine samples collected from 209 pregnant women to evaluate exposure and trends as a function of pregnancy stage. Methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben, propylparaben (PrP), butylparaben, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-3) and 4-hydroxybenzophenone were detected in >50% samples. The concentrations of BP-1 and BP-3 (Spearman's r=0.57, p<0.01) and those of MeP and PrP (Spearman's r=0.68, p<0.01) were found to be correlated. The urinary concentrations of BP-1 and BP-3 in the first trimester were significantly higher than those in the second or third trimester (Mann-Whitney U test, p<0.05). These findings provide valuable information for improving the prediction of maternal exposure to these emerging pollutants and for assessing their potential health risks to the mother as well as the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengji Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingyi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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Impacts of Bisphenol A and Ethinyl Estradiol on Male and Female CD-1 Mouse Spleen. Sci Rep 2017; 7:856. [PMID: 28404993 PMCID: PMC5429804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00961-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) and the pharmaceutical 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE) are synthetic chemicals with estrogen-like activities. Despite ubiquitous human exposure to BPA, and the wide-spread clinical use of EE as oral contraceptive adjuvant, the impact of these estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on the immune system is unclear. Here we report results of in vivo dose response studies that analyzed the histology and microstructural changes in the spleen of adult male and female CD-1 mice exposed to 4 to 40,000 μg/kg/day BPA or 0.02 to 2 μg/kg/day EE from conception until 12–14 weeks of age. Results of that analysis indicate that both BPA and EE have dose- and sex-specific impacts on the cellular and microanatomical structures of the spleens that reveal minor alterations in immunomodulatory and hematopoietic functions. These findings support previous studies demonstrating the murine immune system as a sensitive target for estrogens, and that oral exposures to BPA and EE can have estrogen-like immunomodulatory affects in both sexes.
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