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Lee M, Ball L, Hill S, Crowe TC, Walsh H, Cosgrove T, Best T. Omnivore, vegan and vegetarian diet quality associations with depressive symptoms: A comparative cross-sectional analysis of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. J Affect Disord 2025; 370:18-25. [PMID: 39477074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.10.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 10/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms are experienced by >350 million people globally. Research suggests that a diet rich in plant foods could be protective against depressive symptoms, but vegans and vegetarians who eat a predominant plant-based diet are known to have higher depressive symptoms than omnivores. METHODS This study aims to explore a secondary analysis of the association between diet quality and depressive symptoms in women born between 1973 and 1978 who follow vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore diets from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health at baseline (1996) and at three time points (2000, 2003 and 2009). RESULTS After controlling for covarying factors, there was a significant association between diet quality and depressive symptoms in both the plant-based and omnivore groups at both time points F(9, 4851) = 106.90, p < .001. There was no significant difference between diet quality and depressive symptoms between diet type. CONCLUSIONS Despite diet type (plant-based or omnivore), adhering to a high-quality diet may decrease depressive symptoms and a low-quality diet may increase depressive symptoms in Australian women. LIMITATIONS Caution should be exercised when interpreting these results due to the small sample sizes and small resulting coefficients, there is uncertainty that coefficients this small can be associated with any meaningful change in an individual being treated for depressive symptoms in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Lee
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia; NeuroHealth Lab, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Lauren Ball
- Centre for Community Health and Wellbeing, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Simon Hill
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia.
| | - Timothy C Crowe
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia.
| | - Hayley Walsh
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia.
| | - Tylor Cosgrove
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia.
| | - Talitha Best
- NeuroHealth Lab, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Gillies NA, Lovell AL, Waldie KE, Wall CR. The effect of fruits and vegetables on children's mental and cognitive health: A systematic review of intervention studies and perspective for future research. Nutrition 2025; 130:112615. [PMID: 39602837 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 10/13/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To synthesize evidence from fruit and vegetable intervention studies investigating mental or cognitive health outcomes (or both) in children ≤10 y. Our aim was to understand the efficacy of such interventions in improving measures of cognitive performance or mental health and to identify successful intervention elements to inform future research. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of the Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, and CINAHL databases for articles published before August 2022 (PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022356571). A narrative synthesis was conducted according to the Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis guidelines. RESULTS Of the 4686 articles identified, only 7 of the 17 full texts screened were included in the final review. No studies investigated the efficacy of interventions using "whole" fruits or vegetables. Six studies examined the effects of blueberries using drinks made from fresh (1 cup) or freeze-dried (30 g) blueberries and one study evaluated a mulberry powder-based drink. Sample sizes ranged from 14 to 54, and most studies were acute interventions with outcomes measured in a 2- to 3-h window (n = 6). Through a narrative synthesis of direction of responses, measures of executive function appeared sensitive to intervention effects in both acute and longer-term settings. Some concerns of risk of bias were evident, according to the RoB 2 tool, related to incomplete reporting of methodological aspects. CONCLUSIONS The studies identified through this systematic review could not directly address the planned research question, resulting in poor certainty of evidence. Future research with whole fruit and vegetable interventions could better inform population health strategies for improved mental and cognitive health outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Gillies
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Amy L Lovell
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karen E Waldie
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clare R Wall
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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3
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Fang RY, Pan XR, Zeng XX, Li ZZ, Chen BF, Zeng HM, Peng J. Gut-brain axis as a bridge in obesity and depression: Mechanistic exploration and therapeutic prospects. World J Psychiatry 2025; 15:101134. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i1.101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Revised: 11/02/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
A recent study by Wang et al, published in the World Journal of Psychiatry, provided preventative and therapeutic strategies for the comorbidity of obesity and depression. The gut-brain axis, which acts as a two-way communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Evidence suggests that metabolic byproducts, such as short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and bile acids, which are generated by the gut microbiota, along with neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators within the gut-brain axis, modulate the host's metabolic processes, neuronal regulation, and immune responses through diverse mechanisms. The interaction between obesity and depression via the gut-brain axis involves disruptions in the gut microbiota balance, inflammatory immune responses, and alterations in the neuroendocrine system. Modulating the gut-brain axis, for example, through a ketogenic diet, the use of probiotics, and the supplementation of antioxidants, offers new remedial approaches for obesity and depression. Future research that explores the mechanisms of the gut-brain axis is needed to provide more evidence for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ying Fang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Pan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Xing Zeng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zheng-Zheng Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bo-Fan Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hai-Min Zeng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jie Peng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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Chen M, Huang H, Jiang Q, Wu Y. Effect of dietary live microbe intake on the prevalence and mortality risks of depression and suicidal ideation in adults: Evidence from a nationwide population-based study. J Affect Disord 2025; 368:847-856. [PMID: 39303884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of depression. Dietary interventions offer promising microbial-targeted therapeutics for depression. However, limited evidence exists regarding the associations between dietary live microbe intake and the prevalence of depression, as well as its impact on mortality risks. METHODS This study included 28,133 participants from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2018), and ascertained their underlying causes of death. Weighted logistic regression was utilized to assess the relationships between live microbe intake and risks of depression and suicidal ideation. Independent and joint associations between live microbe and mortality outcomes were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival curves to calculate relative risks. RESULTS In the fully adjusted model, participants with high dietary live microbe intake had a significantly lower prevalence of depression (OR = 0.727, 95%CI: 0.627,0.844) and suicidal ideation (OR = 0.778, 95%CI: 0.648,0.935) than those with low intake. The multivariable-adjusted HRs for individuals in the G1 were 1.217 (95%CI, 1.081, 1.370) for all-cause mortality and 1.307 (95%CI, 1.029,1.661) for cardiovascular disease mortality, compared to participants in the G3. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that cumulative hazard of cardiovascular mortality was progressively lower among participants with depression in the G3 than those without depression. CONCLUSIONS Higher live microbe intake was associated with a lower prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation, and was linked to significantly decreased risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Further larger prospective studies are essential to verify the health effects of live microbes, and personalized dietary recommendations are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Chen
- Department of Medical Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Huilan Huang
- Department of Medical Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of Medical Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yigao Wu
- Department of Medical Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
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Angerer F, Mennel V, Grund S, Mayer A, Büscher R, Sander LB, Cuijpers P, Terhorst Y, Baumeister H, Domhardt M. Mechanisms of change in digital interventions for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of six mediator domains. J Affect Disord 2025; 368:615-632. [PMID: 39284530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the efficacy of digital interventions for the treatment of depression is well established, comprehensive knowledge on how therapeutic changes come about is still limited. This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of research on change mechanisms in digital interventions for depression and meta-analytically evaluate indirect effects of potential mediators. METHODS The databases CENTRAL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials investigating mediators of digital interventions for adults with depression. Two reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion, assessed study quality and categorized potential mediators. Indirect effects were synthesized with a two-stage structural equation modeling approach (TSSEM). RESULTS Overall, 25 trials (8110 participants) investigating 84 potential mediators were identified, of which attentional (8 %), self-related (6 %), biophysiological (6 %), affective (5 %), socio-cultural (2 %) and motivational (1 %) variables were the scope of this study. TSSEM revealed significant mediation effects for combined self-related variables (ab = -0.098; 95 %-CI: [-0.150, -0.051]), combined biophysiological variables (ab = -0.073; 95 %-CI: [-0.119, -0.025]) and mindfulness (ab = -0.042; 95 %-CI: [-0.080, -0.015]). Meta-analytical evaluations of the other three domains were not feasible. LIMITATIONS Methodological shortcomings of the included studies, the considerable heterogeneity and the small number of investigated variables within domains limit the generalizability of the results. CONCLUSION The findings further the understanding of potential change mechanisms in digital interventions for depression and highlight recommendations for future process research, such as the consideration of temporal precedence and experimental manipulation of potential mediators, as well as the application of network approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Angerer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Vera Mennel
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Simon Grund
- Psychology with focus on Quantitative Methods, Universität Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel Mayer
- Department of Psychological Methods and Evaluation, Bielefeld University, Germany
| | - Rebekka Büscher
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lasse B Sander
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Matthias Domhardt
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Germany.
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Bizzozero-Peroni B, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Fernández-Rodríguez R, Jiménez-López E, Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo S, Saz-Lara A, Díaz-Goñi V, Mesas AE. The impact of the Mediterranean diet on alleviating depressive symptoms in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2025; 83:29-39. [PMID: 38219230 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with a reduced risk of depression in prospective cohort studies, but whether MD interventions are effective among adults with depression is uncertain. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to synthesize findings on the effects of MD interventions on the severity of depressive symptoms in adults with depression. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched from database inception to March 2023. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the Cochrane recommendations were followed. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing outcomes after MD interventions with outcomes for control conditions in adults with depressive disorders or depressive symptoms. DATA EXTRACTION Two authors extracted the data independently. The Sidik-Jonkman estimator, the I2 metric, and the prediction interval were used to estimate between-study heterogeneity. To determine the risk of bias and the certainty of evidence from RCTs, we used the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias 2 and Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tools, respectively. DATA ANALYSIS In total, 1507 participants (mean age range: 22.0 years-53.3 years) with depression were initially included in the 5 RCTs of this review. Compared with control conditions, MD interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms among young and middle-aged adults with major depression or mild to moderate depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference: -0.53; 95% confidence interval: -0.90 to -0.16; I2 = 87.1%). The prediction interval ranged from -1.86 to 0.81. The overall risk of bias was within the range of "some concerns" to "high," while the certainty of evidence was low. CONCLUSION MD interventions appear to have substantial potential for alleviating depressive symptoms in people experiencing major or mild depression. However, to establish robust recommendations, there remains a need for high-quality, large-scale, and long-term RCTs. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022341895.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Health, Higher Institute of Physical Education, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | | | - Estela Jiménez-López
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Virgen de La Luz, Cuenca, Spain
- Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alicia Saz-Lara
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Valentina Díaz-Goñi
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
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7
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Jiang S, Qiao Y, Zhou X, Zhang D, Du Z, Zhang G. Dietary fiber intake moderates the impact of blood cadmium on depression: a nationally representative cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:3559. [PMID: 39709347 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-21146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a very poisonous pollutant in the environment that has harmful implications on the neurological system. While high fiber intake is beneficial for mental health, it remains unknown whether the recommended basis for dietary fiber intake (DFI) (14 g/1000 kcal per day) can alleviate Cd-induced depression. METHODS The investigation employed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between the years 2005 and 2020. The research encompassed individuals who had information on blood Cd concentrations, two 24-hour dietary recalls, and depression diagnosis. We deployed weighted logistic regression analyses to estimate the association of exposure to Cd and DFI with depression risk. RESULTS The adjusted ORs (95% CI) for depression were 1.33 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.65) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.38, 1.94) for the third and fourth quartiles of blood Cd concentrations, respectively (Ptrend < 0.001). Doubling DFI was connected with a 0.78-fold (95% CI: 0.71, 0.85) decrease in the risk of depression. Participants below recommended DFI levels had a greater depression risk with higher blood Cd concentrations: OR of 1.39 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.73) for the third and 1.67 (95% CI: 1.40, 1.98) for the fourth quartile. No significant association between Cd exposure and depression was perceived for participants meeting recommended DFI levels. CONCLUSIONS Higher blood Cd burden was associated with elevated depression risk, while recommended DFI could alleviate this effect. High-fiber dietary pattern may counteract the deleterious effect of environmental pollutants such as Cd on depression. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Jiang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for "Preventive Treatment" Smart Health of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, #548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
| | - Yi Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyong Zhou
- Luqiao Township Health Center, Weishan, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Dashuai Zhang
- Luqiao Township Health Center, Weishan, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongyan Du
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for "Preventive Treatment" Smart Health of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, #548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guangji Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for "Preventive Treatment" Smart Health of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, #548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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Eedy V, Aucoin M. The role of olive oil and its constituents in mental health: a scoping review. Br J Nutr 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39696776 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452400299x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet has a beneficial effect on mental health. It has been hypothesised that this effect is mediated by a variety of foods, nutrients and constituents; however, there is a need for research elucidating which of these components contribute to the therapeutic effect. This scoping review sought to systematically search for and synthesise the research on olive oil and its constituents and their impact on mental health, including the presence or absence of a mental illness or the severity or progression of symptoms. PubMed and OVID MEDLINE databases were searched. The following article types were eligible for inclusion: human experimental and observational studies, animal and preclinical studies. Abstracts were screened in duplicate, and data were extracted using a piloted template. Data were analysed qualitatively to assess trends and gaps for further study. The PubMed and OVID MEDLINE search yielded 544 and 152 results, respectively. After full-text screening, forty-nine studies were eligible for inclusion, including seventeen human experimental, eighteen observational and fourteen animal studies. Of these, thirteen human and four animal studies used olive oil as a comparator. Observational studies reported inconsistent results, specifically five reporting higher rates of mental illness, eight reporting lower and five reporting no association with higher olive oil intake. All human experimental studies and nine of ten animal studies that assess olive oil as an intervention reported an improvement of anxiety or depression symptoms. Olive oil may benefit mental health outcomes. However, more experimental research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Eedy
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave E, Toronto, ONM2K 1E2, Canada
| | - Monique Aucoin
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave E, Toronto, ONM2K 1E2, Canada
- University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ONN1G 2W1, Canada
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9
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Ortega MA, Fraile-Martinez O, García-Montero C, Diaz-Pedrero R, Lopez-Gonzalez L, Monserrat J, Barrena-Blázquez S, Alvarez-Mon MA, Lahera G, Alvarez-Mon M. Understanding immune system dysfunction and its context in mood disorders: psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and clinical interventions. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:80. [PMID: 39681901 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00577-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders include a set of psychiatric manifestations of increasing prevalence in our society, being mainly represented by major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). The etiopathogenesis of mood disorders is extremely complex, with a wide spectrum of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors being responsible for their appearance and development. In this sense, immune system dysfunction represents a key mechanism in the onset and pathophysiology of mood disorders, worsening mainly the central nervous system (neuroinflammation) and the periphery of the body (systemic inflammation). However, these alterations cannot be understood separately, but as part of a complex picture in which different factors and systems interact with each other. Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology (PNIE) is the area responsible for studying the relationship between these elements and the impact of mind-body integration, placing the immune system as part of a whole. Thus, the dysfunction of the immune system is capable of influencing and activating different mechanisms that promote disruption of the psyche, damage to the nervous system, alterations to the endocrine and metabolic systems, and disruption of the microbiota and intestinal ecosystem, as well as of other organs and, in turn, all these mechanisms are responsible for inducing and enhancing the immune dysfunction. Similarly, the clinical approach to these patients is usually multidisciplinary, and the therapeutic arsenal includes different pharmacological (for example, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and lithium) and non-pharmacological (i.e., psychotherapy, lifestyle, and electroconvulsive therapy) treatments. These interventions also modulate the immune system and other elements of the PNIE in these patients, which may be interesting to understand the therapeutic success or failure of these approaches. In this sense, this review aims to delve into the relationship between immune dysfunction and mood disorders and their integration in the complex context of PNIE. Likewise, an attempt will be made to explore the effects on the immune system of different strategies available in the clinical approach to these patients, in order to identify the mechanisms described and their possible uses as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raul Diaz-Pedrero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Gonzalez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, CIBEREHD, 28806, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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10
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Morales-Suarez-Varela M, Rocha-Velasco OA. Impact of ultra-processed food consumption during pregnancy on maternal and child health outcomes: A comprehensive narrative review of the past five years. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 65:288-304. [PMID: 39662587 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 12/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are increasingly prevalent in modern diets and are associated with negative health outcomes such as chronic diseases due to their high processing and low nutrient density. Despite the potential impact of UPF intake during pregnancy on maternal and child health, studies in this area are limited. Therefore, this narrative comprehensive review aimed to identify associations between UPF consumption, categorized by the NOVA system, during pregnancy and maternal and child health outcomes over the past five years (2019-2024). METHODS Following PRISMA-ScR criteria (2018), MedLine/PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched for articles on maternal and child health outcomes associated with UPF consumption categorized by the NOVA system during pregnancy, out of 767 studies identified, 22 were eligible. RESULTS Overall, high UPF consumption during pregnancy was positively associated with various adverse maternal-child outcomes, including gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational weight gain, poor glycemic control, negative nutrition biomarkers, inflammatory markers, and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. It also negatively impacted child growth and development, and was associated with adiposity gain, potential adverse mental disorders, indicators of poor nutrition, and poor overall diet quality. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limited data, high consumption of UPF during pregnancy adversely affected the health outcomes of both mothers and children, impacting nutrition indicators and diet quality. Further studies on this topic are needed. Promoting healthy eating habits among pregnant women is crucial for achieving optimal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morales-Suarez-Varela
- Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, 46100, Burjassot, València, Spain; Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oscar Andrés Rocha-Velasco
- Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, 46100, Burjassot, València, Spain
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11
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Barbosa IG, Miranda AS, Berk M, Teixeira AL. The involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathophysiology of mood disorders and therapeutic implications. Expert Rev Neurother 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39630000 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2024.2438646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a growing body of evidence implicating gut-brain axis dysfunction in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Accordingly, gut microbiota has become a promising target for the development of biomarkers and novel therapeutics for bipolar and depressive disorders. AREAS COVERED We describe the observed changes in the gut microbiota of patients with mood disorders and discuss the available studies assessing microbiota-based strategies for their treatment. EXPERT OPINION Microbiota-targeted interventions, such as symbiotics, prebiotics, paraprobiotics, and fecal microbiota transplants seem to attenuate the severity of depressive symptoms. The available results must be seen as preliminary and need to be replicated and/or confirmed in larger and independent studies, also considering the pathophysiological and clinical heterogeneity of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela G Barbosa
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), MG, Brasil
| | - Aline S Miranda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), MG, Brasil
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT- the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Antonio L Teixeira
- Neuropsychiatry Division, The Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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12
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Ren R, Huang R, Li Y, Wang W, Ye X, Xi L, Zhang R, Peng Y, Wang D. Depressive symptoms mediate the association between dietary inflammatory index and sleep: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2005-2014. J Affect Disord 2024; 372:S0165-0327(24)01999-2. [PMID: 39638055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep pattern (sleep duration, trouble sleeping, sleep disorder) is associated with both energy density dietary inflammatory index (EDII) and depression. However, whether depression mediates the EDII-sleep pattern relationship is unclear. METHODS 14,305 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2014 were included in this study. Weighted multivariable logistic regression and mediated effect analysis were conducted to analyze the associations between EDII, depression and sleep pattern. RESULTS In the regression model with full confounding variables adjusted, the OR (95 % CI) for the association between EDII and sleep pattern was 2.11 (1.44, 3.08). Similarly, comparing the highest to the lowest EDII scores, the association with depression yielded an identical OR of 2.62 (1.89, 3.64). Mediation models showed depressive symptoms mediated 24.06 % of the EDII-sleep pattern link. Analysis by sleep pattern subtypes found depressive symptoms mediated 18.22 % for sleep duration, 30.53 % for sleep disorder (both with substantial direct EDII effects), and 93.73 % for trouble sleeping, where EDII's direct impact was not considerable. CONCLUSION Positive association of EDII with unhealthy sleep pattern is partly mediated by depression, and anti-inflammatory diet could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ren
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China; Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Runnian Huang
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Wenxu Wang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Xingyue Ye
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Linze Xi
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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13
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Lugon G, Hernáez Á, Jacka FN, Marrugat J, Ramos R, Garre-Olmo J, Elosua R, Lassale C. Association between different diet quality scores and depression risk: the REGICOR population-based cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:2885-2895. [PMID: 39180556 PMCID: PMC11519306 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to determine the association between diet quality and depression incidence in the population-based REGICOR cohort study, Catalonia, Spain. METHODS Prospective observational study using participants' baseline (2003-2006), follow-up (2007-2013) and clinical records data. Five diet quality scores were derived from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline: the relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED), the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score (ModMDS), a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score, a Healthful Plant-based Diet Index (HPDI) and the World Health Organization Healthy Diet Indicator (WHO-HDI). Participants using pharmacological antidepressant treatment were excluded as a proxy for presence of depression at baseline. At follow-up, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was applied to assess depressive symptoms (≥ 10 defining depressive disorder). A secondary outcome was depression diagnosis assessed through clinical records. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used. RESULTS Main analysis included 3046 adults (50.3% women) with a mean age of 54.7 (SD = 11.6) years. After 6-years follow-up, 184 (6.04%) cases of depressive disorder were identified. There was 16% lower odds of depressive disorder per 1SD increase of rMED (OR = 0.84; 95%CI = 0.71-0.98). Secondary outcome analysis (n = 4789) identified 261 (5.45%) incident cases of clinical depression diagnosis over 12 years follow-up, and 19% lower risk of clinical depression was observed with the WHO-HDI (HR = 0.81; 95%CI = 0.70-0.93). Adjusting for BMI did not attenuate the findings. CONCLUSIONS A significant inverse association between diet quality and depression incidence was found in this population-based cohort study, independent of sociodemographic, health and lifestyle. Adherence to a healthy diet could be a complementary intervention for the prevention of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lugon
- Epidemiology and Public Health Programme, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, PRBB, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Training Unit PSMar-UPF-ASPB (Parc de Salut Mar - Pompeu Fabra University - Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain.
- PhD Program in Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Hernáez
- Epidemiology and Public Health Programme, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, PRBB, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Facultat de Ciènces de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research - Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felice N Jacka
- School of Medicine, Food & Mood Centre, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jaume Marrugat
- Epidemiology and Public Health Programme, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, PRBB, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research - Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramos
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Girona, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdIBGi), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Josep Garre-Olmo
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdIBGi), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Serra-Húnter Professor Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Epidemiology and Public Health Programme, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, PRBB, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research - Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalunya, Vic, Spain
| | - Camille Lassale
- Epidemiology and Public Health Programme, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, PRBB, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
- Consortium for Biomedical Research - Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Aslam H, Lotfaliany M, So D, Berding K, Berk M, Rocks T, Hockey M, Jacka FN, Marx W, Cryan JF, Staudacher HM. Fiber intake and fiber intervention in depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:1678-1695. [PMID: 38007616 PMCID: PMC11551482 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Dietary fibers hold potential to influence depressive and anxiety outcomes by modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis, which is increasingly recognized as an underlying factor in mental health maintenance. OBJECTIVE Evidence for the effects of fibers on depressive and anxiety outcomes remains unclear. To this end, a systematic literature review and a meta-analysis were conducted that included observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). DATA SOURCES The PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and PsychINFO databases were searched for eligible studies. DATA EXTRACTION Study screening and risk-of-bias assessment were conducted by 2 independent reviewers. DATA ANALYSIS Meta-analyses via random effects models were performed to examine the (1) association between fiber intake and depressive and anxiety outcomes in observational studies, and (2) effect of fiber intervention on depressive and anxiety outcomes compared with placebo in RCTs. A total of 181 405 participants were included in 23 observational studies. In cross-sectional studies, an inverse association was observed between fiber intake and depressive (Cohen's d effect size [d]: -0.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.16, -0.05) and anxiety (d = -0.25; 95%CI, -0.38, -0.12) outcomes. In longitudinal studies, there was an inverse association between fiber intake and depressive outcomes (d = -0.07; 95%CI, -0.11, -0.04). In total, 740 participants were included in 10 RCTs, all of whom used fiber supplements. Of note, only 1 RCT included individuals with a clinical diagnosis of depression. No difference was found between fiber supplementation and placebo for depressive (d = -0.47; 95%CI, -1.26, 0.31) or anxiety (d = -0.30; 95%CI, -0.67, 0.07) outcomes. CONCLUSION Although observational data suggest a potential benefit for higher fiber intake for depressive and anxiety outcomes, evidence from current RCTs does not support fiber supplementation for improving depressive or anxiety outcomes. More research, including RCTs in clinical populations and using a broad range of fibers, is needed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021274898.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajara Aslam
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mojtaba Lotfaliany
- IMPACT, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel So
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten Berding
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael Berk
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tetyana Rocks
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meghan Hockey
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - John F Cryan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Heidi M Staudacher
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Liu X, Chen X, Chen J. Relationship between serum neurofilament light chain protein and depression: A nationwide survey and Mendelian randomization study. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:162-171. [PMID: 39197554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigating the link between serum neurofilament protein (sNfL) levels and depression remains an area of limited understanding. This study explores the correlation in US adults and employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to ascertain causality. METHODS Our cross-sectional study analyzed data from participants aged 20 and above in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014). We employed a weighted multiple logistic regression model to examine the relationship between ln (sNfL) and depression. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to visualize non-linear relationships. Stratified analyses examined associations between ln(sNfL) and depression in different subgroups. Subsequently, we conducted a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the causal relationship between sNfL and depression. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary analysis. RESULTS Among 1765 participants (mean age 45.19 years; 49.37 % male), 166 had depression with a Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score ≥ 10. After adjusting for covariates, a positive correlation remained between sNfL and depression (OR 1.511, 95 % CI: 1.050-2.175). RCS curves indicated a non-linear association, with a turning point at 2.76 pg/ml. Stratified analyses revealed positive correlations in specific subgroups, with interactions involving age, race, family income, recreational activity, and ln(sNfL). MR using IVW found no significant causal relationship between sNfL and depression genetically (OR = 0.956, 95 % CI: 0.878-1.042), with reverse analysis yielding similar results (OR = 0.897, 95 % CI: 0.756-1.065). CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study highlights a significant correlation between ln(sNfL) and depression. However, MR results indicate no causal relationship between sNfL and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Mental Health Centre, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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16
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Matison AP, Thalamuthu A, Flood VM, Catts VS, Christensen K, Nygaard M, Pedersen NL, Sachdev PS, Reppermund S, Mather KA. Longitudinal associations between fruit and vegetable intakes and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults from four international twin cohorts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:29711. [PMID: 39613797 PMCID: PMC11607319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-79963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 12/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Beneficial associations between higher fruit and vegetable intakes and risk of depression appear to exist but few studies have focused on adults aged 45 + years and the potential that associations are due to residual confounding has not been tested. This longitudinal study of twins (n = 3483, age 45-90 years) from Australia, Denmark, Sweden and USA, assessed the associations between baseline fruit/vegetable intake and depressive symptoms over 5-11 years using linear mixed effects models. Intakes from food frequency questionnaires were trichotomized. Depressive symptoms were assessed using validated measures. The co-twin method was used to examine familial confounding. Compared with low intakes, both high fruit and high vegetable intakes were associated with lower depressive symptoms (fruit: β -.007 [95%CI - .014, < - .001], p = .040; vegetables: β - .006 [95%CI -.011, -.002], p = .002); whereas only moderate vegetable intakes, were associated with lower depressive symptoms (vegetables: β - .005 [95%CI - .009, - .001], p = .014). No familial confounding was found for vegetables, while the results for fruit were inconclusive, likely due to smaller sample size and the marginal significance of the main result. Higher fruit and vegetable intakes may protect against depressive symptoms, presenting another argument for increasing intakes in adults aged 45 + years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel P Matison
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, UNSW SYDNEY, Level 1, AGSM (G27) Gate 11, Botany Street, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Victoria M Flood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University Centre for Rural Health, Northern Rivers, University of Sydney, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Vibeke S Catts
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Twin Registry, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marianne Nygaard
- The Danish Twin Registry, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry (3DN), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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Faulkner P, Allen P, Costabile A, Schoemaker MH, Imakulata F, Hepsomali P. Greater resting state functional connectivity of the medial prefrontal cortex with the thalamus, caudate, and putamen in individuals who adhere to the Mediterranean style diets. Eur J Nutr 2024; 64:34. [PMID: 39607478 PMCID: PMC11604750 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 11/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Healthy diets are believed to be associated with a reduced risk of experiencing common mental disorders (CMDs) and related symptomatology (such as ruminative thinking), and with healthier brain chemistry and structure, especially in the frontal regions implicated in CMDs, cognitive control, and food choice. Nevertheless, there is very limited research on the relationship between diet health/quality and brain function. In this study we assessed the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) with the whole brain and whether this connectivity would be associated with ruminative thinking as a transdiagnostic factor for CMDs. METHODS Thirty-seven adults (Mean Age = 25.57, SD = 7.18) completed the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and were classified into high- and low-quality diet groups and completed the Ruminative Response Scale. All participants underwent resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) to determine whole-brain rs-FC of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). RESULTS Participants in the high MEDAS group (vs. low MEDAS group) exhibited significantly greater rs-FC of the mPFC seed with the thalamus, caudate and putamen. Additionally, the strength of rs-FC of the mPFC seed with these regions was positively associated with the MEDAS scores across groups in both crude and adjusted models. There were no significant associations between the strength of rs-FC of the mPFC seed with the cluster of voxels with the thalamus, caudate, and putamen and ruminative thinking. DISCUSSION This work shows that healthy dietary patterns are associated with rs-FC in the frontal-subcortical circuitry in healthy volunteers. Considering the implications of the dysregulation of this circuity, adhering to healthy dietary patterns may offer a promising alternative/complementary method to improve CMDs, cognitive control, and food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Faulkner
- School of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, SW155 4JD, UK
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Adele Costabile
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, SW155 4JD, UK
| | | | | | - Piril Hepsomali
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6ET, UK.
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18
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Arshad H, Recchia D, Head J, Holton K, Norton J, Kivimaki M, Akbaraly TN. Adherence to MIND Diet and Risk of Recurrent Depressive Symptoms: Prospective Whitehall II Cohort Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:4062. [PMID: 39683455 DOI: 10.3390/nu16234062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2024] [Revised: 11/19/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between adherence to the Mediterranean dietary approaches to stop hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, its components, and recurrent depressive symptoms (DepSs). METHODS The analyses included 4824 participants (73% men, mean age = 61; SD = 5.9) from the British Whitehall II cohort study. The MIND diet scores were derived from a validated 127-item food frequency questionnaire in 2002-2004. DepSs were assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (score ≥ 16) or by use of antidepressant drugs, and recurrence was defined as having DepSs in at least two of the four repeated measurements in the 2002-2004, 2007-2009, 2012-2013, and 2015-2016 follow-up phases. RESULTS Recurrent DepSs were observed in 13.3% of the participants over 13 years of follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile of the MIND diet score (where a higher score represents a higher diet quality) had 26% lower odds of experiencing recurrent DepSs (OR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.58-0.93) compared to those in the lowest tertile. In mutually adjusted analyses of 14 MIND diet components in relation to recurrent DepSs, independent associations were observed for green leafy vegetables (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.45-0.78), other vegetables (OR = 0.43, 95% CI:0.24-0.77), and berries (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61-0.89). CONCLUSIONS In this British prospective cohort, good adherence to the MIND diet, particularly to the recommendations for vegetables and berries, was associated with a lower risk of recurrent depressive symptoms, independent of socio-economic, health behavior, and health status factors, including baseline cognitive impairment and antecedents of DepSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husnain Arshad
- INSERM (Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale), UVSQ (Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yveline), Paris-Saclay Université, CESP (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations), F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Daisy Recchia
- INSERM (Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale), MMDN (Mécanismes Moléculaires des Démences Neurodégénératives), Univ Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Jenny Head
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kathleen Holton
- Departments of Health Studies and Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Joanna Norton
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), INSERM (Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale), University of Montpellier, F-34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Brain Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tasnime N Akbaraly
- Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IDESP), INSERM (Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale), Univ Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France
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19
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O'Gorman A, Lauryn M, Efremenko T, Canina M, Redava PI, Puig LE, Cangelosi A, Ferro F, Dellino F, Van Gansbeke R, Bulgheroni M, Jovanovic K, Brennan L. MUSAE: Fusion of art and technology to address challenges in food and health. NUTR BULL 2024. [PMID: 39588701 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 10/18/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/27/2024]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to transform our current food system to improve population health/wellbeing and planetary health. A number of challenges exist in order to achieve this. Artists, with their innate ability to use imagination to envision future needs and solve problems, represent a key group in this transformation. The project MUSAE brings together artists with experts from different disciplines to define an innovative model to integrate artistic collaboration in the (European) Digital innovation hubs (E-DIHs). They will employ the Design Futures Art-Driven (DFA) methods to enable artists and a range of companies involved in food production and distribution to develop innovative products and services that address key issues in the food system. MUSAE will run two residencies involving 23 artists and 11 SMEs working with three main technologies-Artificial Intelligence, Wearables and Robotics-to envision the future scenarios for societal needs and technology applications, as well as develop future-driven prototypes, thus opening new markets and innovations in the area of food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife O'Gorman
- Institute of Food and Health and Conway Institute, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - McMahon Lauryn
- Institute of Food and Health and Conway Institute, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Marita Canina
- Department of Design, Politecnico Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Petia Ivanova Redava
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Eloy Puig
- Department d'Arts Visuals i Disseny, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angelo Cangelosi
- Manchester Centre for Robotics and AI, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Kosta Jovanovic
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- Institute of Food and Health and Conway Institute, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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20
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Perrone L, Grant WB. The Effect of Nutrients on Neurological Disorders. Nutrients 2024; 16:4016. [PMID: 39683410 DOI: 10.3390/nu16234016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of neurological disorders (NDs) is increasing, with great cost to public health [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Perrone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University KORE of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - William B Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, 1745 Pacific Ave., Suite 504, San Francisco, CA 94109, USA
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21
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Ghaemi S, Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Jayedi A, Shab-Bidar S. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychol Med 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39552387 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
The impact of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the dose-dependent effects of vitamin D supplementation on depressive and anxiety symptoms in adults. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to December 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on depression and anxiety symptoms in adults. Using a random-effects model, we calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) for each 1000 IU/day vitamin D3 supplementation. The GRADE tool assessed the certainty of evidence. Our analysis included 31 trials with 24189 participants. Each 1000 IU/day vitamin D3 supplementation slightly reduced depressive symptoms in individuals with and without depression (SMD: -0.32, 95% CI -0.43 to -0.22; GEADE = moderate). The effect was more pronounced in those with depressive symptoms (SMD: -0.57, 95% CI -0.69 to -0.44; n = 15). The greatest reduction occurred at 8000 IU/day (SMD: -2.04, 95% CI -3.77 to -0.31). Trials with follow-up ⩽8 weeks (SMD: -0.45, 95% CI -0.70 to -0.20; n = 8) and 8 to ⩽24 weeks (SMD: -0.47, 95% CI -0.70 to -0.24; n = 15) showed stronger effects compared to those lasting 24 to ⩽52 weeks (SMD: -0.13, 95% CI -0.28 to 0.02; n = 5) or longer than 52 weeks (SMD: 0.14, 95% CI -0.16 to 0.44; n = 3) (p group difference <0.001). Vitamin D3 supplementation had no significant effects on anxiety symptoms. In summary, this study suggests that vitamin D3 supplementation may effectively reduce depressive symptoms in short term. Further high-quality trials are warranted for a conclusive assessment of its impact on anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Ghaemi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Menichetti F, Battezzati A, Bertoli S, De Amicis R, Foppiani A, Sileo F, Leone A. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of anxiety and depression in people with obesity: a cross-sectional analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01536-3. [PMID: 39516346 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01536-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Anxiety and depression are common mental disorders worldwide, in particular in people with obesity. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been found beneficial for the prevention of anxiety and depression in the general population. We aimed to evaluate this association in a large cohort of people with obesity. SUBJECTS/METHODS A cross-sectional study of 4957 patients with obesity (63.1% women, median age 49 years, IQR 40-58 years and BMI 33.6 kg/m2, IQR 31.6-36.9 kg/m2) was carried out. Clinical history, anthropometric measurements and lifestyle-related information were investigated. A 14-item MEDAS questionnaire was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The 20-item STAI2 questionnaire and the 24-item QD questionnaire were used to assess the presence of anxious and depressive symptoms, respectively. Clinical cases of anxiety and depression were identified among patients with a physician-made diagnosis of anxiety and depression or with STAI2 and QD score ≥95th percentiles of reference population. RESULTS Overall, 11.9% of participants were positive for anxiety and 11% for depression. Multivariate linear regression models showed a decrease in STAI2 and QD scores of 0.18 points (95%CI: -0.33, -0.03) and 0.10 points (95%CI: -0.16, -0.03), respectively, for each 1-point increase in MEDAS score. The multivariate logistic regression model showed a 7% reduction in the odds of anxiety and depression for each 1-point MEDAS increase (OR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.89, 0.99; OR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.88, 0.98). CONCLUSIONS Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of anxiety and depression in people with obesity. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Menichetti
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, 20100, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Obesity Unit and Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Ramona De Amicis
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Obesity Unit and Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Foppiani
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, 20100, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Sileo
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Obesity Unit and Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Leone
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, 20100, Milan, Italy.
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23
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Jiang W, Peng S, Liu Q, Lu C, Ni Y, Guo L. Associations of childhood household dysfunction and healthy lifestyle with depressive symptoms in adolescents. Soc Sci Med 2024; 360:117336. [PMID: 39299151 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limited understanding exists regarding the cumulative impact of childhood household dysfunction (CHD) on adolescent depressive symptoms in developing countries, as well as the role of lifestyles in this association. This study aims to explore the associations of individual and cumulative CHD indicators with depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. Additionally, we investigate potential interactions and joint associations of CHD and lifestyles on depressive symptoms. METHODS In the second phase of the Longitudinal Study of Adolescents' Mental and Behavioral Well-being Research, data on depressive symptoms, CHD indicators, lifestyle factors, and other covariates were collected from 3106 students (mean [SD] age, 15.16 [1.52] years). Linear and logistic mixed-effects models were employed, with both stratified and joint analyses conducted. RESULTS Except for parental death, each CHD indicator was associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms. The accumulation of CHD indicators exhibited a positive, graded association with depressive symptoms scores (β = 3.22, 95% CI: 2.48 to 3.97 for one CHD indicator; β = 5.45, 95% CI: 4.41 to 6.49 for two or more CHD indicators, all P < 0.01). A significant interaction was found between the number of CHD indicators and the healthy lifestyle score (interaction β = -0.40, 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.03, P < 0.05), indicating that healthy lifestyles may mitigate the risk of depressive symptoms in individuals experiencing CHD. For example, the OR for having depressive symptoms among adolescents with favourable lifestyles compared with those with unfavourable lifestyles was 0.21 (95% CI: 0.10 to 0.45, P < 0.01) among those experiencing CHD. Moreover, adolescents with two or more CHD indicators and unfavourable lifestyles faced the highest risk of having depressive symptoms (OR = 8.03, 95% CI: 4.83 to 13.34, P < 0.01) compared with those with no CHD indicator and favourable lifestyles. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the importance of promoting comprehensive healthy lifestyles and reducing CHD exposure for the prevention of depressive symptoms in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Jiang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Peng
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ciyong Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Ni
- The University of Hong Kong, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Jiang X, Wang X, Zhang M, Yu L, He J, Wu S, Yan J, Zheng Y, Zhou Y, Chen Y. Associations between specific dietary patterns, gut microbiome composition, and incident subthreshold depression in Chinese young adults. J Adv Res 2024; 65:183-195. [PMID: 38879123 PMCID: PMC11518947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The interplay between influential factors and the incidence of subthreshold depression (SD) in young adults remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES This study sought to understand the dietary habits, gut microbiota composition, etc. among individuals with SD in young adults and to investigate their association with SD occurrence. METHODS Employing a cross-sectional approach, 178 individuals with SD, aged 18-32 years, were matched with 114 healthy counterparts. SD status was evaluated using the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Beck Depression Inventory 2nd version (BDI-II), the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scales of Depression (HAMD-17), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Metagenomic sequencing was utilized to identify fecal microbial profiles. Dietary patterns were discerned via factor analysis of a 25-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Logistic regression analysis and mediation analysis were performed to explore the potential links between gut microbiota, dietary patterns, and incident SD. RESULTS Data on dietary habits were available for 292 participants (mean [SD] age, 22.1 [2.9] years; 216 [73.9 %] female). Logistic regression analysis revealed that dietary patterns Ⅰ (odds ratio [OR], 0.34; 95 % CI, 0.15-0.75) and IV (OR, 0.39; 95 % CI, 0.17-0.86 and OR, 0.39; 95 % CI, 0.18-0.84) were associated with reduced risk of SD. Distinct microbial profiles were observed in young adults with SD, marked by increased microbial diversity and taxonomic alterations. Moreover, mediation analysis suggested Veillonella atypica as a potential mediator linking SDS or BDI-II scores with a healthy dietary pattern rich in bean products, coarse grains, nuts, fruits, mushrooms, and potatoes (β = 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.02-0.78 and β = 0.18, 95 % CI: 0.01-0.54). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the complex interplay between dietary patterns, gut microbiota, and the risk of developing SD in young adults, underscoring the potential for dietary interventions and microbiome modulation in mental health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Jiang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China; South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Sleep Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, the Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun He
- Rehabilitation Center, Counseling Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengwei Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinglan Yan
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanjia Zheng
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China; South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China.
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25
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Higgs S, Aarts K, Adan RAH, Buitelaar JK, Cirulli F, Cryan JF, Dickson SL, Korosi A, van der Beek EM, Dye L. Policy Actions Required to Improve Nutrition for Brain Health. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae160. [PMID: 39471498 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain health is a pressing global concern. Poor diet quality is a recognized major environmental risk factor for brain disorders and one of the few that is modifiable. There is substantial evidence that nutrition impacts brain development and brain health across the life course. So why then is the full potential of nutrition not utilized to improve brain function? This commentary, which is based on discussions of the European Brain Research Area BRAINFOOD cluster, aims to highlight the most urgent research priorities concerning the evidence base in the area of nutrition and brain health and identifies 3 major issues that need to be addressed: (1) increase causal and mechanistic evidence on the link between nutrition and brain health, (2) produce effective messages/education concerning the role of food for brain health, and (3) provide funding to support collaborative working across diverse stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Higgs
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roger A H Adan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboudumc, Nijmegen 6500HB, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Suzanne L Dickson
- European Brain Council, Brussels 1000, Belgium
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41135, Sweden
| | - Aniko Korosi
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, Brain Plasticity Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1090, The Netherlands
| | - Eline M van der Beek
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700, The Netherlands
| | - Louise Dye
- Institute for Sustainable Food, School of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DP, United Kingdom
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26
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Schneider E, Balasubramanian R, Ferri A, Cotter PD, Clarke G, Cryan JF. Fibre & fermented foods: differential effects on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39449646 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124004907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate brain function through the communication between the microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract and the brain along the gut-brain axis has emerged as a potential option to improve cognitive and emotional health. Dietary composition and patterns have demonstrated a robust capacity to modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis. With their potential to possess pre-, pro-, post-, and synbiotic properties, dietary fibre and fermented foods stand out as potent shapers of the gut microbiota and subsequent signalling to the brain. Despite this potential, few studies have directly examined the mechanisms that might explain the beneficial action of dietary fibre and fermented foods on the microbiota-gut-brain axis, thus limiting insight and treatments for brain dysfunction. Herein, we evaluate the differential effects of dietary fibre and fermented foods from whole food sources on cognitive and emotional functioning. Potential mediating effects of dietary fibre and fermented foods on brain health via the microbiota-gut-brain axis are described. Although more multimodal research that combines psychological assessments and biological sampling to compare each food type is needed, the evidence accumulated to date suggests that dietary fibre, fermented foods, and/or their combination within a psychobiotic diet can be a cost-effective and convenient approach to improve cognitive and emotional functioning across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramya Balasubramanian
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aimone Ferri
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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27
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Ataei Kachouei A, Kamrani F, Haghighatdoost F, Mohammadifard N, Najafi F, Farshidi H, Lotfizadeh M, Kazemi T, Karimi S, Roohafza H, Sabri M, Sarrafzadegan N. Relationship of the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) with depression and anxiety: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2919. [PMID: 39438905 PMCID: PMC11494750 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested a significant association between diet quality and mental health. However, a limited number of studies have utilized the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) to examine this association. Additionally, no study has yet compared the PDQS and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) in terms of their association with depression and anxiety. AIM This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between diet quality, measured by the PDQS and HEI-2015, and the odds of depression and anxiety in adults. METHODS This study utilized data from the LIPOKAP study, which was conducted between February 2018 and July 2019 in five cities in Iran. We included 1994 adults aged 18 and above who were selected through a multistage cluster sampling method. Participants completed a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to evaluate their dietary intake. The FFQ was used to calculate the PDQS and HEI-2015. Depression and anxiety levels were determined using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS The participants had a mean age of 39.79 ± 13.87 years, with females accounting for 1,041 (52.2%) of the total population. PDQS showed a significant inverse association with the odds of depression (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.28-0.71) and anxiety (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.25-0.62) in the fully adjusted model. Similarly, the highest quartile of HEI-2015 showed a significantly lower odds of depression (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.40-0.90) and anxiety (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42-0.92) compared to the lowest quartile. CONCLUSION Both PDQS and HEI-2015 were associated with a reduced risk of depression and anxiety. However, the PDQS demonstrated a stronger inverse association with these risks compared to the HEI-2015. This suggests that the PDQS could be a more beneficial dietary pattern for preventing depression and anxiety compared to HEI-2015. Further large-scale studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Ataei Kachouei
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Bayreuth, Kulmbach, Germany
| | - Farzam Kamrani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Farshidi
- Hormozgan Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran
| | - Masoud Lotfizadeh
- School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Tooba Kazemi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Simin Karimi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Sabri
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Ribichini E, Scalese G, Mocci C, Severi C. Gut-Brain Axis and Psychopathology: Exploring the Impact of Diet with a Focus on the Low-FODMAP Approach. Nutrients 2024; 16:3515. [PMID: 39458509 PMCID: PMC11510627 DOI: 10.3390/nu16203515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bidirectional communication network connecting the central nervous system with the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, influencing both mental and physical health. Recent research has underscored the significant role of diet in modulating this axis, with attention to how specific dietary patterns can impact anxiety and depression, particularly when linked to disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs), like intestinal bowel syndrome (IBS). AIMS AND METHODS This narrative review examines the effects of specific diet regimens on the GBA and its potential role in managing psychopathology, focusing on anxiety and depression, IBS, and the low-FODMAP diet. We conducted a search on PubMed and MEDLINE by combining the following key terms: "Gut-Brain Axis", "Irritable Bowel Syndrome", "Low FODMAP diet", "Mediterranean Diet", "Psychopathology", "Anxiety and Depression", and "Gut Microbiota". We applied the following filters: "Clinical Trials", "Randomized Controlled Trials", "Reviews", "Meta-Analyses", and "Systematic Reviews". In total, 59 papers were included. RESULTS Low-FODMAP diet, originally developed to alleviate GI symptoms in IBS, may also positively influence mental health by modulating the GBA and improving the gut microbiota (GM) composition. New insights suggest that combining the low-FODMAP diet with the Mediterranean diet could offer a synergistic effect, enhancing both GI and psychological therapeutic outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the complex interactions between diet, the GM, and mental health opens new avenues for holistic approaches to managing psychopathology, particularly when linked to GI symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Ribichini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.S.); (C.M.); (C.S.)
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Solomou S, Robinson H, Perez-Algorta G. The association of diet quality with the mental health of students during their transition to university. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0312123. [PMID: 39405296 PMCID: PMC11478860 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
University students are at risk of experiencing mental health and diet quality problems during their transition to university. This study aimed to examine the bidirectional associations between the diet quality and mental health of students during their transition to universities in the UK, and the impact of the transition on diet quality and mental health. The study adopted a cross-sectional design and took place during the first semester of year 2021-2022. Participants were first year undergraduate students at four UK universities, living at student halls. They were invited to participate by completing online surveys, including a diet quality instrument (Short Form Food Frequency Questionnaire), a mental health instrument (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale) and a quality of transition instrument (College Adjustment Questionnaire). Results showed that a healthy diet was associated with good mental health (b = -3.46, 95% CI [-6.14, -.78]). Unfavourable mental health was associated with having an unhealthy diet (b = -.01, 95% CI [-.02, -.00]). Transition did not moderate the relationship between diet quality and mental health of students, or vice versa (ps> .05). Preliminary analyses showed a significant direct effect of good quality of transition to university on good mental health (b = -1.51, 95% CI [-1.88, -1.13]), but did not have an indirect effect via diet quality; there were no significant direct or indirect effects on diet quality, however larger studies are needed to replicate these preliminary analyses. Our current findings can inform university policies and health education research, and further research is needed to determine whether interventions to improve diet quality at the university level could reduce mental health issues, and whether interventions to support students under stress may lead to healthier dietary habits. Cross-sectional studies cannot determine the directionality of effects, hence longitudinal studies are required to enhance our understanding of the relationships between diet quality and mental health over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomis Solomou
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Robinson
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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30
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Qie R, Huang H, Sun P, Bi X, Chen Y, Liu Z, Chen Q, Zhang S, Liu Y, Wei J, Chen M, Zhong J, Qi Z, Yao F, Gao L, Yu H, Liu F, Zhao Y, Chen B, Wei X, Qin S, Du Y, Zhou G, Yu F, Ba Y, Shang T, Zhang Y, Zheng S, Xie D, Chen X, Liu X, Zhu C, Wu W, Feng Y, Wang Y, Xie Y, Hu Z, Wu M, Yan Q, Zou K, Zhang Y. Combined healthy lifestyles and risk of depressive symptoms: A baseline survey in China. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:152-160. [PMID: 39038619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little evidence exists about whether a combination of healthy lifestyle factors is associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms among Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association between combined healthy lifestyle factors and risk of depressive symptoms. METHODS We conducted a baseline survey from July 2021 to December 2023, including 53,642 Chinese adults from general population. A healthy lifestyle score was constructed based on six lifestyle factors (physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, diet, sleep duration, and body mass index). Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for confounding variables. RESULTS Each additional healthy lifestyle score was associated with a 20 % lower risk of having depressive symptoms (OR (95 % CI): 0.80 (0.78-0.81)). Compared with individuals with ≤2 healthy lifestyle factors, individuals with all the six healthy lifestyle factors had a 58 % reduced risk of having depressive symptoms (0.42 (0.37-0.47)). After stratification by gender, education and urbanization, the significant inverse association with healthy lifestyle score was stronger in women, individuals with high education, and urban residents. Besides, the significant negative association between healthy lifestyle score and depressive symptoms remained for different severity of depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS Given the cross-sectional nature of data, we cannot make causal inferences. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that adherence to healthy lifestyle factors was associated with a reduced risk of having depressive symptoms among Chinese adults. The observed associations were modified by gender, education and urbanization. These findings warrant further verification in interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Qie
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyuan Sun
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Bi
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingtai Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shaokai Zhang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiankun Wei
- Dongguan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaochang Chen
- Dongguan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieying Zhong
- Dongguan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Qi
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yao
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huanling Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Baozhong Chen
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shasha Qin
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhui Du
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yue Ba
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingting Shang
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yaqun Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dongmei Xie
- Genertec Medical Cheng Fei Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- Genertec Medical Cheng Fei Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Genertec Medical Cheng Fei Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yongliang Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuting Xie
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuolun Hu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyao Wu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyong Zou
- Office for Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Wang X, Wu L, Zhou H, He J. Grip strength and depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: the mediating effects of cognitive function. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1455546. [PMID: 39444807 PMCID: PMC11497465 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1455546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigates the associations and mediating pathways between grip strength, cognitive function, and depression in middle-aged and elderly individuals in China. Methods Utilizing data from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we employed logistic regression and mediation analysis to examine the relationships and mediating factors between grip strength, cognitive function, and depression, while adjusting for potential confounders. Results The study included 6,841 participants, of whom 1,734 (25.35%) exhibited symptoms of depression. Our findings indicate that weak grip strength is significantly associated with an increased risk of depression (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.32-1.87) among the middle-aged and elderly population. Conversely, good cognitive function was found to be protective against depression (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.93-0.95). Grip strength indirectly affected depression through cognitive function, accounting for 9.4% of the total effect (β = -0.008, 95% CI [-0.013, -0.004]). This mediating effect was 23.8% in men (β = -0.013, 95% CI [-0.020, -0.007]); and 23.2% in those aged 60 years and over (β = -0.015, 95% CI [-0.022, -0.009]). Conclusion This study highlights that weak grip strength increases risk of depressive symptoms, and adequate cognitive function can mitigate the association between weak grip strength and an increased risk of depression among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China. Psychological care for elder adults with weak grip strength and poor cognitive function should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzheng Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifei Wu
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiandong He
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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32
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Wei J, Zhang Y, Lohman MC, Merchant AT. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and depressive symptoms among adults with low family income in the U.S.: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:828-834. [PMID: 39029691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) has been established to reduce food insecurity. Limited evidence is available on SNAP participation status over time and depressive symptoms. We aimed to examine the associations of SNAP status over time among low-income individuals, with depressive symptoms in the U.S. METHODS NHANES participants aged ≥20 years of low family income from 2011 to 2018 with information available on depressive symptoms and SNAP use were included in analysis. Depressive symptoms were assessed using 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and PHQ-9 score ≥ 10 is indicative of significant depressive symptoms. Multivariable linear and logistic regressions models were conducted to examine the associations of SNAP participation status over time (never receiving SNAP, receiving SNAP prior to >12 months ago, current receiving SNAP, receiving SNAP in the last 12 months but not currently) with depressive symptoms and significant depressive symptoms. RESULTS Currently receiving SNAP (beta (β) = 0.17, 95 % CI: 0.10, 0.25; odds ratio (OR) = 1.52, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.16, 2.00) and receiving SNAP in the last 12 months but not currently (β = 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.04, 0.43; OR = 1.83, 95 % CI: 1.16, 2.89) were associated with higher depressive symptoms and higher prevalence of significant depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design precludes causal interpretation, and key variables were measured with self-report. CONCLUSION Receiving SNAP in the last 12 months was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms among individuals with low family income. Improvement on diet quality may be important for reducing depressive symptoms among SNAP users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkai Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Matthew C Lohman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Anwar T Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
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Simpson K, Angus DJ, Lee MF. 'Nostalgic food heals for us': A qualitative exploration of experiences with nostalgia, food, and mood. Health Promot J Austr 2024; 35:1343-1351. [PMID: 38772549 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Nostalgia-the bittersweet reliving of the past-has been linked to social connection and psychological wellbeing. Although food consumption is often an intrinsically social experience, relatively little research has examined how individuals experience and understand how food consumption relates to feelings of nostalgia, food and mood. METHODS In the current study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight Australians from varying cultural backgrounds to explore their experiences with nostalgia, food and mood. RESULTS Reflexive thematic analysis identified three key themes from the data: (i) The bittersweet experiences of food-evoked nostalgia-individuals' descriptions of food-evoked nostalgia and how it impacted their mood both positively and negatively (ii) social connection and identity continuity-participants' description of food-evoked nostalgia and how this provides an opportunity for social connection and identity continuity throughout life, which positively influences mood, and (iii) the role and relationship of food-evoked nostalgia and mood-individual descriptions of the important role that nostalgic food plays in their life, in addition to their relationship with food, and how this impacts mood. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the positive component of nostalgic foods allowed individuals to bolster positive mood states with food-evoked nostalgia, increasing their quality of life. SO WHAT?: Understanding the link between food-evoked nostalgia and mood has significant implications, suggesting that negative mood states altered by nostalgic foods may result in positive mood states. Appropriate use of food-evoked nostalgia may increase the quality of life for individuals experiencing low mood states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Simpson
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Douglas J Angus
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Megan F Lee
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Juneja K, Bhuchakra HP, Sadhukhan S, Mehta I, Niharika A, Thareja S, Nimmakayala T, Sahu S. Creatine Supplementation in Depression: A Review of Mechanisms, Efficacy, Clinical Outcomes, and Future Directions. Cureus 2024; 16:e71638. [PMID: 39553021 PMCID: PMC11567172 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.71638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression, affecting millions of people worldwide, is a leading cause of disability globally. It affects not only daily functioning but also interpersonal relationships and overall health by increasing the risks of chronic physical and mental illnesses. Creatine, traditionally recognized for boosting physical performance through its role in producing adenosine triphosphate, has recently shown potential as an adjunctive therapy for treating depression. Creatine's ability to enhance brain energy metabolisms and provide neuroprotection suggests that it can alleviate mood disorders by improving mitochondrial function, increasing cellular resilience, and modulating neurotransmitter systems that regulate mood. This narrative review aims to critically evaluate the research on creatine supplementation for depression, focusing on its efficacy, mechanism of action, risks, and benefits as a treatment for mood disorders. It analyzes preclinical and clinical studies to understand creatine's potential as an adjunctive or alternative therapy for major depressive disorder and bipolar depression and underscores any gaps in current research. Both animal models and human trials indicate creatine's efficacy for the treatment of depression. Creatine supplementation reduces depressive symptoms, particularly when combined with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and may improve brain energy metabolism and neuroplasticity. It is generally well tolerated, though caution is warranted due to potential side effects such as manic episodes in bipolar disorder and renal function impairment in patients with kidney dysfunction. Overall, creatine presents a promising addition to current depression treatments, though further research is needed to establish optimal dosing, long-term efficacy, and safety across diverse patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Juneja
- Psychiatry, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy (BJ) Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Hamsa Priya Bhuchakra
- Internal Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, IND
| | | | - Ishani Mehta
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Medical Research and Education, Hissar, IND
| | - Alla Niharika
- Medical School, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Tirupati, IND
| | - Swati Thareja
- Medicine and Surgery, The Hans Foundation, New Delhi, IND
| | - Tharun Nimmakayala
- Medicine and Surgery, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chittoor, IND
| | - Sweta Sahu
- Internal Medicine, Jagadguru Jayadeva Murugarajendra (JJM) Medical College, Davangere, IND
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Liu RX, Song DK, Zhang YY, Gong HX, Jin YC, Wang XS, Jiang YL, Yan YX, Lu BN, Wu YM, Wang M, Li XB, Zhang K, Liu SB. L-Cysteine: A promising nutritional supplement for alleviating anxiety disorders. Neuroscience 2024; 555:213-221. [PMID: 39089569 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are prevalent chronic psychological disease with complex pathogenic mechanisms. Current anxiolytics have limited efficacy and numerous side effects in many anxiety patients, highlighting the urgent need for new therapies. Recent research has been focusing on nutritional supplements, particularly amino acids, as potential therapies for anxiety disorders. Among these, L-Cysteine plays a crucial role in various biological processes. L-Cysteine exhibits antioxidant properties that can enhance the antioxidant functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, metabolites of L-cysteine, such as glutathione and hydrogen sulfide have been shown to alleviate anxiety through distinct molecular mechanisms. Long-term administration of L-Cysteine has anxiolytic, antidepressant, and memory-improving effects. L-Cysteine depletion can lead to increased oxidative stress in the brain. This review delves into the potential mechanisms of L-Cysteine and its main products, glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the management of anxiety and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xia Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Da-Ke Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Heng-Xin Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yu-Chen Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xin-Shang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yong-Li Jiang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xinsi Road 1, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Bei-Ning Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xu-Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Shui-Bing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Buczkowska M, Iob E. Testing the causal relationship of fat and sugar intake with depression and cortisol: a Mendelian Randomisation study. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:368. [PMID: 39256365 PMCID: PMC11387734 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy diets high in fat and sugar content may have an impact on psychological health and increase the risk of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and stress levels. On the other hand, MDD and stress might be related to food choices and intake. However, it is not clear whether diet, and specifically fat and sugar intake, is causally related to stress and MDD, and whether this relationship may be bi-directional. This study utilised Mendelian Randomisation (MR) to investigate the causal nature of the relationship of fat and sugar intake with MDD and cortisol (as a proxy of stress), and to shed light on the direction of this relationship. Summary-level data for all exposure and outcome variables were obtained from large-scale, non-overlapping GWASs in individuals of European ancestry. Bidirectional analyses were performed: one with macronutrients as exposures and one with MDD/cortisol as exposures. Random-effects inverse-variance weighted regression was used as the primary analytic method for genetic instruments with at least two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) available (and individual Wald ratio was used when only one SNP was available). Higher levels of genetically predicted relative sugar intake were causally associated with lower MDD risk, for both genome-wide significant p-value threshold of p < 1 × 10-8, (OR = 0.553, 95% CI: 0.395-0.775) and relaxed p-value threshold of p < 1 × 10-6 (OR = 0.786, 95% CI: 0.630-0.981). No reverse causality was detected in the opposite direction as MDD was not associated with sugar consumption. The associations observed for all the other pairs of variables were weak and imprecise. A number of limitations was present in the study, such as low-SNP based heritability for some exposures, inability to prove whether variants were correlated with unmeasured confounders and self-reporting of MDD data. Lifestyle and/or pharmacological interventions targeting sugar-related physiological mechanisms may help to reduce depressive symptoms. However, more research is necessary on short- and long-term effects of sugar on the risk of MDD. Additionally, future studies should investigate whether the amount and type of sugar consumed may underlie the impact of sugar on mood and stress levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matylda Buczkowska
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Eleonora Iob
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Qiao Z, Wang Z, Qiu J, Zhang J, Cao W. Analysis of the effect of BMI on depression and anxiety among older adults in China: the mediating role of ADL and IADL. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1387550. [PMID: 39296846 PMCID: PMC11408477 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1387550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety and depression are serious psychological and public health issues among the older adults. Currently, there is a lack of understanding of the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and anxiety or depression symptoms in the older adult population in China. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of BMI on anxiety and depression through correlation analysis in different subgroups and to examine the potential chain mediating effects of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) between BMI and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methods From the CLHLS database conducted in 2017-2018, data regarding height, weight, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, as well as demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and health-related characteristics were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the impact of BMI on anxiety and depression symptoms. Finally, the SPSS macro process was utilized to test the multiple mediating effects of ADL and IADL between BMI and anxiety or depression symptoms. Results After screening, a final sample of 9,098 Chinese older adult individuals aged 65 and above was selected. Among them, 1,074 cases (11.8%) exhibited anxiety symptoms, 1,458 cases (16.0%) exhibited depressive symptoms. Compared to normal BMI, the adjusted analysis showed that underweight in Chinese older adult individuals was significantly associated with anxiety (OR = 1.316, p = 0.004) and depression (OR = 1.232, p = 0.013). This relationship was found to be more significant in males, individuals aged 80 and above, unmarried individuals, and those residing in town. ADL and IADL played a chain-mediated role between BMI and anxiety symptoms in the older adult. BMI not only had a direct effect on anxiety symptoms in the older adult (effect = -0.0159; SE = 0.0066; 95%CI: LL = -0.0288, UL = -0.0031), but also influenced them indirectly through two pathways: the independent mediating role of IADL (effect = -0.0010; SE = 0.0005; 95%CI: LL = -0.0018, UL = -0.0003) and the chain-mediated role of ADL and IADL (effect = -0.0012; SE = 0.0004; 95%CI: LL = -0.0020, UL = -0.0006). Conclusion In the older adult individuals in China, underweight is associated with an increased risk of anxiety and depression symptoms. Improving the underweight condition of Chinese older adult individuals can reduce their ADL and IADL limitations, thereby benefiting their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Qiao
- Nanqiao Town Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zichun Wang
- Shanghai Fengxian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaping Qiu
- Nanqiao Town Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Nanqiao Town Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyi Cao
- Nanqiao Town Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
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Sugden SG, Merlo G. What do Climate Change, Nutrition, and the Environment Have to do With Mental Health? Am J Lifestyle Med 2024:15598276241280245. [PMID: 39554939 PMCID: PMC11562465 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241280245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is becoming the most significant global challenge and must be addressed on a global scale. At the time that this article is being written, the planetary heat in 2023 was the hottest on record. Similarly, the World Health Organization reports that 99% of the world's population lives in regions of unhealthy air pollution. Similarly, depression has become one of the leading causes of global mental and physical disabilities, and the impact of depression is predicted to only worsen over the next 25 years. It is interesting to note that climate experts often overlook the adoption of nutrition via a whole plant-based diet as a solution to both mental illness and climate change. In this review, we will touch upon the role of nutrition in gut microbiota and mental health, the impact diet has on greenhouse gases, the role of ultra-processed food, and environmental factors such as air pollution and increasing planetary heat and their growing impacts on mental health. In the end, the promotion of plant-based foods has the potential to improve personal mental and physical health while improving planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G. Sugden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (SGS)
| | - Gia Merlo
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA (GM)
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de Sousa TM, Caldeira TCM, Ramos IEC, Canella DS, Claro RM. Association between depression and ultra-processed food consumption: a population-based study (Vigitel, 2023). Public Health 2024; 234:187-190. [PMID: 39029268 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with depression among Brazilian adults (≥18 years). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were obtained from a population-based survey conducted in 2023 (n = 21,690). UPF consumption was investigated using a questionnaire regarding the consumption on the previous day of 13 subgroups of UPF selected from those most consumed in Brazil according to a previous national survey (cutoff score ≥5 subgroups). The medical diagnosis of depression was self-reported. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the adjusted (by sex, age, education, presence of partner/spouse, and overweight) Odds Ratio (aOR) of UPF consumption according to the presence of depression. Analyses were conducted for the total population and stratified by sex. RESULTS Medical diagnosis of depression was reported by 12.3%. The prevalence of high UPF consumption (≥5 subgroups) was 17.7%, being higher in men (22.0%) and those with depression (19.3%). Depression increased the chance of presenting a high UPF consumption among the total population (aOR 1.35; CI 95% 1.08-1.68) and women (aOR 1.35; CI 95% 1.03-1.77), with no association among men. CONCLUSION The presence of depression was associated with greater consumption of UPF among Brazilian adults, especially among the female population. Public health actions to reduce UPF consumption could benefit from targeting this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M de Sousa
- Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - T C M Caldeira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - I E C Ramos
- Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D S Canella
- Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R M Claro
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Prescott SL, Holton KF, Lowry CA, Nicholson JJ, Logan AC. The Intersection of Ultra-Processed Foods, Neuropsychiatric Disorders, and Neurolaw: Implications for Criminal Justice. NEUROSCI 2024; 5:354-377. [PMID: 39483285 PMCID: PMC11477939 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade there has been increasing interest in the links between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and various neuropsychiatric disorders, aggression, and antisocial behavior. Neurolaw is an interdisciplinary field that seeks to translate the rapid and voluminous advances in brain science into legal decisions and policy. An enhanced understanding of biophysiological mechanisms by which ultra-processed foods influence brain and behavior allows for a historical reexamination of one of forensic neuropsychiatry's most famous cases-The People v. White and its associated 'Twinkie Defense'. Here in this Viewpoint article, we pair original court transcripts with emergent research in neurolaw, including nutritional neuroscience, microbiome sciences (legalome), pre-clinical mechanistic research, and clinical intervention trials. Advances in neuroscience, and related fields such as the microbiome, are challenging basic assumptions in the criminal justice system, including notions of universal free will. Recent dismissals of criminal charges related to auto-brewery syndrome demonstrate that courts are open to advances at the intersection of neuromicrobiology and nutritional neuroscience, including those that relate to criminal intent and diminished capacity. As such, it is our contention that experts in the neurosciences will play an increasing role in shaping research that underpins 21st-century courtroom discourse, policy, and decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Prescott
- Nova Institute for Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kathleen F Holton
- Departments of Health Studies and Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA;
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA;
| | - Jeffrey J Nicholson
- Law and Government, Humber College Institute of Technology & Advanced Learning, Toronto, ON M9W 5L7, Canada;
| | - Alan C Logan
- Nova Institute for Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
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Marche C, Baourakis G, Fakotakis E, Nieddu A, Errigo A, Pes GM. The impact of nutrition on psycho-affective status in an older Cretan population: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:2199-2207. [PMID: 38744756 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive and mood status influence both personal and social daily activities, with great impact on life quality, particularly among the elderly population. AIM This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the psycho-affective status concerning eating habits within an elderly population of the Chania area in Crete, Greece. METHODS Cognitive status was assessed in 101 elderly subjects through the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and mood was evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Nutritional status was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Multivariable statistical analysis, after adjustment for age, marital status, education, and comorbidity, highlighted among males a positive association of the MMSE score with vegetable consumption (RR 1.18; 95%CI 1.03‒1.34) and a negative association with potato consumption (RR 0.83; 95%CI 0.72‒0.95). Conversely, among females, no statistically significant association was observed for any food. Further, among males, a protective effect on affective status was identified for chicken meat (RR 0.45; 95%CI 0.27‒0.77), fish (RR 0.41; 95%CI 0.21‒0.82), fruit (RR 0.70; 95%CI 0.52‒0.94), cereals (RR 0.67; 95%CI 0.53‒0.87), and cheese (RR 0.78; 95%CI 0.63‒0.97) consumption. Among females, the adjusted model showed a significant detrimental effect of vegetable consumption (RR 1.33; 95%CI 1.02‒1.73). CONCLUSION A predominantly vegetable-based diet-with the notable exception of fruits and legumes-was associated with better cognitive status in males, albeit not in females. A higher intake of fruit, as well as fish, chicken meat, and cheese among males was associated with a better affective status, indicating that adequate protein supply may play a role in maintaining emotional balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Marche
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro No. 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - George Baourakis
- CIHEAM-Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, P.O. Box 85, 73100, Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Fakotakis
- CIHEAM-Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, P.O. Box 85, 73100, Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Alessandra Nieddu
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro No. 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Errigo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mario Pes
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Sardinia Blue Zone Longevity Observatory, 08040, Ogliastra, Italy
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Matison AP, Flood VM, Lam BCP, Lipnicki DM, Tucker KL, Preux PM, Guerchet M, d'Orsi E, Quialheiro A, Rech CR, Skoog I, Najar J, Rydberg Sterner T, Scarmeas N, Kosmidis MH, Yannakoulia M, Gureje O, Ojagbemi A, Bello T, Shahar S, Fakhruddin NNINM, Rivan NFM, Anstey KJ, Cherbuin N, Mortby ME, Ho R, Brodaty H, Sachdev PS, Reppermund S, Mather KA. Associations between fruit and vegetable intakes and incident depression in middle-aged and older adults from 10 diverse international longitudinal cohorts. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:373-381. [PMID: 38788860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging observational evidence supports a role for higher fruit and vegetable intake in protecting against the development of depression. However, there is a scarcity of research in older adults or in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS Participants were 7801 community-based adults (mean age 68.6 ± 8.0 years, 55.8 % female) without depression, from 10 diverse cohorts, including four cohorts from LMICs. Fruit and vegetable intake was self-reported via comprehensive food frequency questionnaire, short food questionnaire or diet history. Depressive symptoms were assessed using validated measures, and depression defined applying validated cut-offs. The associations between baseline fruit and vegetable intakes and incident depression over a follow-up period of three to nine years were examined using Cox regression. Analyses were performed by cohort with results meta-analysed. RESULTS There were 1630 cases of incident depression (21 % of participants) over 40,258 person-years of follow-up. Higher intake of fruit was associated with a lower risk of incident depression (HR 0.87, 95%CI [0.77, 0.99], I2 = 4 %). No association was found between vegetable intake and incident depression (HR 0.93, 95%CI [0.84, 1.04], I2 = 0 %). LIMITATIONS Diverse measures used across the different cohorts and the modest sample size of our study compared with prior studies may have prevented an association being detected for vegetable intake. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports a role for fruit, but not vegetable intake in protecting against depression. Research investigating different types of fruits and vegetables using standardised measures in larger cohorts of older adults from low- and middle-income countries is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel P Matison
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Victoria M Flood
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia; University Centre for Rural Health, Northern Rivers, Lismore, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ben C P Lam
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darren M Lipnicki
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical & Nutritional Sciences, Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, USA
| | - Pierre-Marie Preux
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
| | - Maëlenn Guerchet
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
| | - Eleonora d'Orsi
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Anna Quialheiro
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; IA&Saúde - The Artificial Intelligence and Health Research Unit, Instituto Politécnico de Saúde do Norte, CESPU, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
| | - Cassiano R Rech
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Program in Postgraduate Physical Education, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenna Najar
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Human Genetics, Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging at the Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Therese Rydberg Sterner
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Lab of Neuropsychology & Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Oye Gureje
- University of Ibadan, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neurosciences and Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Akin Ojagbemi
- University of Ibadan, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neurosciences and Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Toyin Bello
- University of Ibadan, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neurosciences and Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik N I N M Fakhruddin
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul F M Rivan
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Moyra E Mortby
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry (3DN), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Dong T, Yu C, Mao Q, Han F, Yang Z, Yang Z, Pires N, Wei X, Jing W, Lin Q, Hu F, Hu X, Zhao L, Jiang Z. Advances in biosensors for major depressive disorder diagnostic biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116291. [PMID: 38735080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and is mainly characterized by low mood or lack of interest and pleasure. It can be accompanied by varying degrees of cognitive and behavioral changes and may lead to suicide risk in severe cases. Due to the subjectivity of diagnostic methods and the complexity of patients' conditions, the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) has always been a difficult problem in psychiatry. With the discovery of more diagnostic biomarkers associated with MDD in recent years, especially emerging non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), it is possible to quantify the condition of patients with mental illness based on biomarker levels. Point-of-care biosensors have emerged due to their advantages of convenient sampling, rapid detection, miniaturization, and portability. After summarizing the pathogenesis of MDD, representative biomarkers, including proteins, hormones, and RNAs, are discussed. Furthermore, we analyzed recent advances in biosensors for detecting various types of biomarkers of MDD, highlighting representative electrochemical sensors. Future trends in terms of new biomarkers, new sample processing methods, and new detection modalities are expected to provide a complete reference for psychiatrists and biomedical engineers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Systems, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China.
| | - Chenghui Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Systems, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China.
| | - Qi Mao
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Feng Han
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhaochu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Systems, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Nuno Pires
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Systems, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Xueyong Wei
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Weixuan Jing
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Qijing Lin
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Fei Hu
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Smart Justice, School of Criminal Investigation, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, 401120, China.
| | - Libo Zhao
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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van Zonneveld SM, van den Oever EJ, Haarman BCM, Grandjean EL, Nuninga JO, van de Rest O, Sommer IEC. An Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Its Potential Benefit for Individuals with Mental Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2646. [PMID: 39203783 PMCID: PMC11357610 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This narrative review synthesizes current evidence regarding anti-inflammatory dietary patterns and their potential benefits for individuals with mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Chronic low-grade inflammation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the etiology and progression of these conditions. The review examines the evidence for the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of dietary components and food groups, focusing on whole foods rather than specific nutrients or supplements. Key dietary components showing potential benefits include fruits and vegetables (especially berries and leafy greens), whole grains, legumes, fatty fish rich in omega-3, nuts (particularly walnuts), olive oil, and fermented foods. These foods are generally rich in antioxidants, dietary fiber, and bioactive compounds that may help modulate inflammation, support gut health, and promote neuroprotection. Conversely, ultra-processed foods, red meat, and sugary beverages may be harmful. Based on this evidence, we designed the Brain Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition (BrAIN) diet. The mechanisms of this diet include the modulation of the gut microbiota and the gut-brain axis, the regulation of inflammatory pathways, a reduction in oxidative stress, and the promotion of neuroplasticity. The BrAIN diet shows promise as an aid to manage mental and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie M. van Zonneveld
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen J. van den Oever
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Benno C. M. Haarman
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emmy L. Grandjean
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper O. Nuninga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ondine van de Rest
- Department of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris E. C. Sommer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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45
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Livings MS, Bruine de Bruin W, Wasim N, Wilson JP, Lee BY, de la Haye K. Food and Nutrition Insecurity: Experiences That Differ for Some and Independently Predict Diet-Related Disease, Los Angeles County, 2022. J Nutr 2024; 154:2566-2574. [PMID: 38801862 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND National surveillance shows that food insecurity affects ∼1 in 10 Americans each year. Recently, experts have advocated for surveillance of nutrition insecurity alongside food insecurity. Nutrition security refers to the nutritional adequacy of accessible food and factors that impact one's ability to meet food preferences. OBJECTIVES This study presents representative estimates of food insecurity and nutrition insecurity for Los Angeles County, CA, United States; compares predictors of these constructs; and examines whether they independently predict diet-related health outcomes. METHODS In December 2022, a representative sample of Los Angeles County adults participating in the Understanding America Study (N = 1071) was surveyed about household food insecurity and nutrition insecurity over the past 12 months. Data were analyzed in 2023. RESULTS Reported rates were similar for food insecurity (24%) and nutrition insecurity (25%), but the overlap of these subgroups was less than 60%. Logistic regression models indicated that non-Hispanic Asian individuals had higher odds of nutrition insecurity but not food insecurity. Moreover, nutrition insecurity was a stronger predictor of diabetes compared with food insecurity, and both constructs independently predicted poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS Food and nutrition insecurity affect somewhat different populations. Both constructs are valuable predictors of diet-related health outcomes. Monitoring nutrition insecurity in addition to food insecurity can provide new information about populations with barriers to healthy diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Sarah Livings
- Center for Research on Child and Family Wellbeing, School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States.
| | - Wändi Bruine de Bruin
- Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Natasha Wasim
- Department of Population & Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - John P Wilson
- Department of Population & Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Spatial Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Sociology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Computer Science, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; School of Architecture, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bruce Y Lee
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, NY, United States; Center for Advanced Technology and Communication in Health, City University of New York, NY, United States
| | - Kayla de la Haye
- Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Spatial Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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46
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Talib M, Rachdi M, Papazova A, Nicolis H. The Role of Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Supplements in the Management of Mental Disorders in Children and Adolescents: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses: Le rôle des habitudes alimentaires et des suppléments nutritionnels dans la prise en charge des troubles mentaux chez les enfants et les adolescents : une méta-revue de méta-analyses. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2024; 69:567-589. [PMID: 38689430 PMCID: PMC11298093 DOI: 10.1177/07067437241248070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, the relationship between nutrition and mental health has gained considerable interest. We identified, synthesized, and appraised all meta--analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies reporting on the efficacy of dietary patterns and nutrient supplements in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders in children and adolescents. METHODS Systematic research in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was completed on 8 January 2024. RESULTS Our research found 24 meta-analyses: 14 on RCTs, 8 on observational studies, and 2 combining both. Emerging evidence suggests that omega-3, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid, and Vitamin D may have adjunctive benefits in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), while no evidence was found for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Observational data also indicated that prenatal folic acid supplementation (>400 μg daily) was associated with a reduced risk of ASD in offspring. In terms of dietary habits, several meta-analyses of observational data revealed that healthy dietary patterns (rich in fruits, vegetables, and fibre, low in saturated fats) during the prenatal period, childhood, and adolescence were linked to a significantly reduced risk of internalizing disorders and externalizing disorders. Conversely, unhealthy dietary habits (high in sugars, saturated animal fats, and industrial foods, low in fruits, vegetables, and fibre) are associated with an elevated risk of these mental health issues. However, the number of available studies on dietary interventions for the treatment of depression, ASD, and ADHD was limited, and the results obtained were either nonsignificant or contradictory. CONCLUSION Our findings emphasize the need to establish clear causal relationships between dietary habits and the risk of mental illness in children and adolescents. Moreover, further investigation of the benefits observed with some nutrient supplements (such as omega-3 and vitamin D for ADHD) through larger-scale RCTs is imperative to establish more robust conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Talib
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Majda Rachdi
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anna Papazova
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hélène Nicolis
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Mental Health Service, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Lotfaliany M, Agustini B, Walker AJ, Turner A, Wrobel AL, Williams LJ, Dean OM, Miles S, Rossell SL, Berk M, Mohebbi M. Development of a harmonized sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire for mental health research: A Delphi-method-based consensus recommendation. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2024; 58:656-667. [PMID: 38845137 PMCID: PMC11308274 DOI: 10.1177/00048674241253452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Harmonized tools are essential for reliable data sharing and accurate identification of relevant factors in mental health research. The primary objective of this study was to create a harmonized questionnaire to collect demographic, clinical and behavioral data in diverse clinical trials in adult psychiatry. METHODS We conducted a literature review and examined 24 questionnaires used in previously published randomized controlled trials in psychiatry, identifying a total of 27 domains previously explored. Using a Delphi-method process, a task force team comprising experts in psychiatry, epidemiology and statistics selected 15 essential domains for inclusion in the final questionnaire. RESULTS The final selection resulted in a concise set of 22 questions. These questions cover factors such as age, sex, gender, ancestry, education, living arrangement, employment status, home location, relationship status, and history of medical and mental illness. Behavioral factors like physical activity, diet, smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use were also included, along with one question addressing family history of mental illness. Income was excluded due to high confounding and redundancy, while language was included as a measure of migration status. CONCLUSION The recommendation and adoption of this harmonized tool for the assessment of demographic, clinical and behavioral data in mental health research can enhance data consistency and enable comparability across clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Lotfaliany
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, Australia
| | - Bruno Agustini
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adam J Walker
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, Australia
| | - Alyna Turner
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, Australia
| | - Anna L Wrobel
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, Australia
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Lana J Williams
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, Australia
| | - Olivia M Dean
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience & Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephanie Miles
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Geelong, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience & Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohammadreza Mohebbi
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
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Jiménez-López E, Mesas AE, Visier-Alfonso ME, Pascual-Morena C, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Herrera-Gutiérrez E, López-Gil JF. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Spanish adolescents: results from the EHDLA study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2637-2646. [PMID: 38170283 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are prevalent and disabling conditions among adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in adolescents. This cross-sectional study included a sample of 698 adolescent students from a region of Spain (mean age of 13.9 ± 1.5 years; 56.2% girls). Adherence to the MD was evaluated with the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents (KIDMED). Mental health symptoms were measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Logistic regression models were performed, including a wide range of potential confounders. Compared to individuals with low adherence to the MD, those with moderate and high adherence had lower odds of experiencing depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24-0.65 and OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.20-0.55, respectively), which were statistically significant even after adjustment. No significant associations were found regarding anxiety or stress symptoms. Therefore, according to our results, higher adherence to the MD is inversely related to having depressive symptoms among adolescents, regardless of socioeconomic, anthropometric, and lifestyle factors. Considering the deleterious effects of mental health problems in youths, further research on the role of nonpharmacological strategies for the prevention and treatment of depressive symptoms in adolescence is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Jiménez-López
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Virgen de La Luz, Cuenca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain.
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - María Eugenia Visier-Alfonso
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Carlos Pascual-Morena
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 1101, Talca, Chile
| | - Eva Herrera-Gutiérrez
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, Espinardo Campus, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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49
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Zhang P, Wang Y, Xie X, Gao Y, Zhang Y. Dietary inflammatory index is associated with severe depression in older adults with stroke: a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr 2024; 132:162-168. [PMID: 38679919 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of stroke and depression. We aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and depression in American adults with stroke. Adults with stroke were enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2005 and 2018 in the USA. The DII was obtained from a 24-h dietary recall interview for each individual. Multivariate regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between DII and depression in adults with stroke. The mean age of the 1239 participants was 63·85 years (50·20 % women), and the prevalence of depression was 18·26 %. DII showed a linear and positive association with severe depression in adults with stroke (OR 1·359; 95 % CI 1·021, 1·810; P for non-linearity = 0·493). Compared with those in the lowest tertile of the DII, adults with stroke in the third tertile of the DII had a 3·222-fold higher risk of severe depression (OR 3·222; 95 % CI 1·150, 9·026). In the stratified analyses, the association between DII score and severe depression was more significant in older adults (P for interaction = 0·010) but NS with respect to sex (P for interaction = 0·184) or smoking status (P for interaction = 0·396). No significant association was found between DII and moderate-to-moderately severe depression in adults with stroke. In conclusion, an increase in DII score was associated with a higher likelihood of severe depression in older adults with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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50
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Kuban W, Haduch A, Bromek E, Basińska-Ziobroń A, Gawlińska K, Gawliński D, Filip M, Daniel WA. The Effect of Maternal High-Fat or High-Carbohydrate Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation on Cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) in the Liver and Brain of Rat Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7904. [PMID: 39063146 PMCID: PMC11276948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) is important in psychopharmacology as it is engaged in the metabolism of drugs, neurosteroids and neurotransmitters. An unbalanced maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation can cause neurodevelopmental abnormalities and increases the offspring's predisposition to neuropsychiatric diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of maternal modified types of diet: a high-fat diet (HFD) and high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) during pregnancy and lactation on CYP2D in the liver and brain of male offspring at 28 (adolescent) or 63 postnatal days (young adult). The CYP2D activity and protein level were measured in the liver microsomes and the levels of mRNAs of CYP2D1, 2D2 and 2D4 were investigated both in the liver and brain. In the liver, both HFD and HCD increased the mRNA levels of all the three investigated CYP2D genes in adolescents, but an opposite effect was observed in young adults. The CYP2D protein level increased in adolescents but not in young adults. In contrast, young adults showed significantly decreased CYP2D activity. Similar effect of HFD on the CYP2D mRNAs was observed in the prefrontal cortex, while the effect of HCD was largely different than in the liver (the CYP2D2 expression was not affected, the CYP2D4 expression was decreased in young adults). In conclusion, modified maternal diets influence the expression of individual CYP2D1, CYP2D2 and CYP2D4 genes in the liver and brain of male offspring, which may affect the metabolism of CYP2D endogenous substrates and drugs and alter susceptibility to brain diseases and pharmacotherapy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kuban
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (W.K.); (A.H.); (E.B.); (A.B.-Z.)
| | - Anna Haduch
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (W.K.); (A.H.); (E.B.); (A.B.-Z.)
| | - Ewa Bromek
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (W.K.); (A.H.); (E.B.); (A.B.-Z.)
| | - Agnieszka Basińska-Ziobroń
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (W.K.); (A.H.); (E.B.); (A.B.-Z.)
| | - Kinga Gawlińska
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (K.G.); (D.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Dawid Gawliński
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (K.G.); (D.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (K.G.); (D.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Władysława A. Daniel
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (W.K.); (A.H.); (E.B.); (A.B.-Z.)
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