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Navarro D, Gasparyan A, Navarrete F, Manzanares J. Fetal Cannabinoid Syndrome: Behavioral and Brain Alterations of the Offspring Exposed to Dronabinol during Gestation and Lactation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7453. [PMID: 39000559 PMCID: PMC11242182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study establishes a fetal cannabinoid syndrome model to evaluate the effects of high doses of dronabinol (synthetic THC) during pregnancy and lactation on behavioral and brain changes in male and female progeny and their susceptibility to alcohol consumption. Female C57BL/6J mice received dronabinol (10 mg/kg/12 h, p.o.) from gestational day 5 to postnatal day 21. On the weaning day, the offspring were separated by sex, and on postnatal day 60, behavioral and neurobiological changes were analyzed. Mice exposed to dronabinol exhibited increased anxiogenic and depressive-like behaviors and cognitive impairment. These behaviors were associated with neurodevelopment-related gene and protein expression changes, establishing, for the first time, an association among behavioral changes, cognitive impairment, and neurobiological alterations. Exposure to dronabinol during pregnancy and lactation disrupted the reward system, leading to increased motivation to consume alcohol in the offspring. All these modifications exhibited sex-dependent patterns. These findings reveal the pronounced adverse effects on fetal neurodevelopment resulting from cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation and strongly suggest the need to prevent mothers who use cannabis in this period from the severe and permanent side effects on behavior and brain development that may occur in their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Navarro
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda. de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Ani Gasparyan
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda. de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco Navarrete
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda. de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Jorge Manzanares
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda. de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
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2
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Pinky PD, Bloemer J, Smith WD, Du Y, Heslin RT, Setti SE, Pfitzer JC, Chowdhury K, Hong H, Bhattacharya S, Dhanasekaran M, Dityatev A, Reed MN, Suppiramaniam V. Prenatal Cannabinoid Exposure Elicits Memory Deficits Associated with Reduced PSA-NCAM Expression, Altered Glutamatergic Signaling, and Adaptations in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity. Cells 2023; 12:2525. [PMID: 37947603 PMCID: PMC10648717 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis is now one of the most commonly used illicit substances among pregnant women. This is particularly concerning since developmental exposure to cannabinoids can elicit enduring neurofunctional and cognitive alterations. This study investigates the mechanisms of learning and memory deficits resulting from prenatal cannabinoid exposure (PCE) in adolescent offspring. The synthetic cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-2 was administered to pregnant rats, and a series of behavioral, electrophysiological, and immunochemical studies were performed to identify potential mechanisms of memory deficits in the adolescent offspring. Hippocampal-dependent memory deficits in adolescent PCE animals were associated with decreased long-term potentiation (LTP) and enhanced long-term depression (LTD) at hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses, as well as an imbalance between GluN2A- and GluN2B-mediated signaling. Moreover, PCE reduced gene and protein expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and polysialylated-NCAM (PSA-NCAM), which are critical for GluN2A and GluN2B signaling balance. Administration of exogenous PSA abrogated the LTP deficits observed in PCE animals, suggesting PSA mediated alterations in GluN2A- and GluN2B- signaling pathways may be responsible for the impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity resulting from PCE. These findings enhance our current understanding of how PCE affects memory and how this process can be manipulated for future therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka D. Pinky
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jenna Bloemer
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, NY 10036, USA
| | - Warren D. Smith
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Ryan T. Heslin
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Sharay E. Setti
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jeremiah C. Pfitzer
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Kawsar Chowdhury
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Hao Hong
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Subhrajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Center for Neuroscience Initiative, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Keck Graduate Institute, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Claremont Colleges, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Molecular Neuroplasticity, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Dityatev
- Center for Neuroscience Initiative, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Molecular Neuroplasticity, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Miranda N. Reed
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Center for Neuroscience Initiative, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Vishnu Suppiramaniam
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Center for Neuroscience Initiative, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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3
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Collier AD, Abdulai AR, Leibowitz SF. Utility of the Zebrafish Model for Studying Neuronal and Behavioral Disturbances Induced by Embryonic Exposure to Alcohol, Nicotine, and Cannabis. Cells 2023; 12:2505. [PMID: 37887349 PMCID: PMC10605371 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that 5% of pregnant women consume drugs of abuse during pregnancy. Clinical research suggests that intake of drugs during pregnancy, such as alcohol, nicotine and cannabis, disturbs the development of neuronal systems in the offspring, in association with behavioral disturbances early in life and an increased risk of developing drug use disorders. After briefly summarizing evidence in rodents, this review focuses on the zebrafish model and its inherent advantages for studying the effects of embryonic exposure to drugs of abuse on behavioral and neuronal development, with an emphasis on neuropeptides known to promote drug-related behaviors. In addition to stimulating the expression and density of peptide neurons, as in rodents, zebrafish studies demonstrate that embryonic drug exposure has marked effects on the migration, morphology, projections, anatomical location, and peptide co-expression of these neurons. We also describe studies using advanced methodologies that can be applied in vivo in zebrafish: first, to demonstrate a causal relationship between the drug-induced neuronal and behavioral disturbances and second, to discover underlying molecular mechanisms that mediate these effects. The zebrafish model has great potential for providing important information regarding the development of novel and efficacious therapies for ameliorating the effects of early drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah F. Leibowitz
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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4
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Bernabeu A, Bara A, Murphy Green MN, Manduca A, Wager-Miller J, Borsoi M, Lassalle O, Pelissier-Alicot AL, Chavis P, Mackie K, Manzoni OJ. Sexually Dimorphic Adolescent Trajectories of Prefrontal Endocannabinoid Synaptic Plasticity Equalize in Adulthood, Reflected by Endocannabinoid System Gene Expression. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023; 8:749-767. [PMID: 37015060 PMCID: PMC10701511 DOI: 10.1089/can.2022.0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: How sex influences prefrontal cortexes (PFCs) synaptic development through adolescence remains unclear. Materials and Methods: In this study we describe sex-specific cellular and synaptic trajectories in the rat PFC from adolescence to adulthood. Results: The excitability of PFC layer 5 pyramidal neurons was lower in adult females compared with other developmental stages. The developmental course of endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression (eCB-LTD) was sexually dimorphic, unlike long-term potentiation or mGluR3-LTD. eCB-LTD was expressed in juvenile females but appeared only at puberty in males. Endovanilloid TRPV1R or eCB receptors were engaged during LTD in a sequential and sexually dimorphic manner. Gene expression of the eCB/vanilloid systems was sequential and sex specific. LTD-incompetent juvenile males had elevated expression levels of the CB1R-interacting inhibitory protein cannabinoid receptor interacting protein 1a and of the 2-arachidonoylglycerol-degrading enzyme ABHD6. Pharmacological inhibition of ABHD6 or MAGL enabled LTD in young males, whereas inhibition of anandamide degradation was ineffective. Conclusions: These results reveal sex differences in the maturational trajectories of the rat PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Bernabeu
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Anissa Bara
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Michelle N. Murphy Green
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- The Gill Center for Biomolecular Science and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Antonia Manduca
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Jim Wager-Miller
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- The Gill Center for Biomolecular Science and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Milene Borsoi
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Olivier Lassalle
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Anne-Laure Pelissier-Alicot
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- APHM, CHU Timone Adultes, Service de Médecine Légale, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Chavis
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Ken Mackie
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- The Gill Center for Biomolecular Science and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Olivier J.J. Manzoni
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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Motamedi S, Amleshi RS, Javar BA, Shams P, Kohlmeier KA, Shabani M. Cannabis during pregnancy: A way to transfer an impairment to later life. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1327-1344. [PMID: 37318343 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies examining the influence of cannabis across the lifespan show that exposure to cannabis during gestation or during the perinatal period is associated with later-life mental health issues that manifest during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. The risk of later-life negative outcomes following early exposure is particularly high in persons who have specific genetic variants, implying that cannabis usage interacts with genetics to heighten mental health risks. Prenatal and perinatal exposure to psychoactive components has been shown in animal research to be associated with long-term effects on neural systems relevant to psychiatric and substance use disorders. The long-term molecular, epigenetic, electrophysiological, and behavioral consequences of prenatal and perinatal exposure to cannabis are discussed in this article. Animal and human studies, as well as in vivo neuroimaging methods, are used to provide insights into the changes induced in the brain by cannabis. Here, based on the literature from both animal models and humans, it can be concluded that prenatal cannabis exposure alters the developmental route of several neuronal regions with correlated functional consequences evidenced as changes in social behavior and executive functions throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Motamedi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Saboori Amleshi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behnoush Akbari Javar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Health Foresight and Innovation Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Parisa Shams
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kristi A Kohlmeier
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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6
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Nommsen-Rivers L, Black MM, Christian P, Groh-Wargo S, Heinig MJ, Israel-Ballard K, Obbagy J, Palmquist AEL, Stuebe A, Barr SM, Proaño GV, Moloney L, Steiber A, Raiten DJ. An equitable, community-engaged translational framework for science in human lactation and infant feeding-a report from "Breastmilk Ecology: Genesis of Infant Nutrition (BEGIN)" Working Group 5. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117 Suppl 1:S87-S105. [PMID: 37173062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk is the ideal source of nutrition for most infants, but significant gaps remain in our understanding of human milk biology. As part of addressing these gaps, the Breastmilk Ecology: Genesis of Infant Nutrition (BEGIN) Project Working Groups 1-4 interrogated the state of knowledge regarding the infant-human milk-lactating parent triad. However, to optimize the impact of newly generated knowledge across all stages of human milk research, the need remained for a translational research framework specific to the field. Thus, with inspiration from the simplified environmental sciences framework of Kaufman and Curl, Working Group 5 of the BEGIN Project developed a translational framework for science in human lactation and infant feeding, which includes 5 nonlinear, interconnected translational stages, T1: Discovery; T2: Human health implications; T3: Clinical and public health implications; T4: Implementation; and T5: Impact. The framework is accompanied by 6 overarching principles: 1) Research spans the translational continuum in a nonlinear, nonhierarchical manner; 2) Projects engage interdisciplinary teams in continuous collaboration and cross talk; 3) Priorities and study designs incorporate a diverse range of contextual factors; 4) Research teams include community stakeholders from the outset through purposeful, ethical, and equitable engagement; 5) Research designs and conceptual models incorporate respectful care for the birthing parent and address implications for the lactating parent; 6) Research implications for real-world settings account for contextual factors surrounding the feeding of human milk, including exclusivity and mode of feeding. To demonstrate application of the presented translational research framework and its overarching principles, 6 case studies are included, each illustrating research gaps across all stages of the framework. Applying a translational framework approach to addressing gaps in the science of human milk feeding is an important step toward the aligned goals of optimizing infant feeding across diverse contexts as well as optimizing health for all.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maureen M Black
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Parul Christian
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sharon Groh-Wargo
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M Jane Heinig
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Julie Obbagy
- Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Food and Nutrition Service, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aunchalee E L Palmquist
- Department of Maternal & Child Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alison Stuebe
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa Moloney
- Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Raiten
- Pediatric Growth and Nutrition Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Mulligan MK, Hamre KM. Influence of prenatal cannabinoid exposure on early development and beyond. ADVANCES IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2023; 3:10981. [PMID: 38389825 PMCID: PMC10880766 DOI: 10.3389/adar.2023.10981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Public perception surrounding whether cannabis use is harmful during pregnancy often diverges greatly from the recommendations of doctors and healthcare providers. In contrast to the medical guidance of abstinence before, during, and after pregnancy, many women of reproductive age believe cannabis use during pregnancy is associated with little potential harm. Legalization and social cues support public perceptions that cannabis use during pregnancy is safe. Moreover, pregnant women may consider cannabis to be a safe alternative for treating pregnancy related ailments, including morning sickness. Compounding the problem is a lack of medical and federal guidance on safe, low, or high-risk levels of cannabis use. These issues mirror the continuing debate surrounding alcohol use and health, in particular, whether there are safe or lower risk levels of alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Clinical studies to date suffer from several limitations. First, most human studies are correlative in nature, meaning that causal associations cannot be made between in utero cannabis exposure and health and behavioral outcomes later in life. Due to obvious ethical constraints, it is not possible to randomly assign pregnant mothers to cannabis or other drug exposure conditions-a requirement needed to establish causality. In addition, clinical studies often lack quantitative information on maternal exposure (i.e., dose, frequency, and duration), include a small number of individuals, lack replication of outcome measures across cohorts, rely on self-report to establish maternal drug use, and suffer from unmeasured or residual confounding factors. Causal associations between maternal cannabis exposure and offspring outcomes are possible in preclinical cohorts but there is a large amount of heterogeneity across study designs and developmental differences between rodents and humans may limit translatability. In this review, we summarize research from human and preclinical models to provide insight into potential risks associated with prenatal cannabinoid exposure (PCE). Finally, we highlight gaps in knowledge likely to contribute to the growing divide between medical guidance and public attitudes regarding cannabis use during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Mulligan
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kristin M Hamre
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, United States
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8
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Vinogradov S, Chafee MV, Lee E, Morishita H. Psychosis spectrum illnesses as disorders of prefrontal critical period plasticity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:168-185. [PMID: 36180784 PMCID: PMC9700720 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging research on neuroplasticity processes in psychosis spectrum illnesses-from the synaptic to the macrocircuit levels-fill key gaps in our models of pathophysiology and open up important treatment considerations. In this selective narrative review, we focus on three themes, emphasizing alterations in spike-timing dependent and Hebbian plasticity that occur during adolescence, the critical period for prefrontal system development: (1) Experience-dependent dysplasticity in psychosis emerges from activity decorrelation within neuronal ensembles. (2) Plasticity processes operate bidirectionally: deleterious environmental and experiential inputs shape microcircuits. (3) Dysregulated plasticity processes interact across levels of scale and time and include compensatory mechanisms that have pathogenic importance. We present evidence that-given the centrality of progressive dysplastic changes, especially in prefrontal cortex-pharmacologic or neuromodulatory interventions will need to be supplemented by corrective learning experiences for the brain if we are to help people living with these illnesses to fully thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Vinogradov
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Matthew V Chafee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Erik Lee
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, & Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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9
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Effects of endocannabinoid system modulation on social behaviour: A systematic review of animal studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 138:104680. [PMID: 35513169 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
There is a clear link between psychiatric disorders and social behaviour, and evidence suggests the involvement of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). A systematic review of preclinical literature was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed) and PsychINFO databases to examine whether pharmacological and/or genetic manipulations of the ECS alter social behaviours in wildtype (WT) animals or models of social impairment (SIM). Eighty studies were included. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using SYRCLE's RoB tool. While some variability was evident, studies most consistently found that direct cannabinoid receptor (CBR) agonism decreased social behaviours in WT animals, while indirect CBR activation via enzyme inhibition or gene-knockout increased social behaviours. Direct and, more consistently, indirect CBR activation reversed social deficits in SIM. These CBR-mediated effects were often sex- and developmental-phase-dependent and blocked by CBR antagonism. Overall, ECS enzyme inhibition may improve social behaviour in SIM, suggesting the potential usefulness of ECS enzyme inhibition as a therapeutic approach for social deficits. Future research should endeavour to elucidate ECS status in neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by social deficits.
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10
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Di Miceli M, Martinat M, Rossitto M, Aubert A, Alashmali S, Bosch-Bouju C, Fioramonti X, Joffre C, Bazinet RP, Layé S. Dietary Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation Alters Electrophysiological Properties in the Nucleus Accumbens and Emotional Behavior in Naïve and Chronically Stressed Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126650. [PMID: 35743093 PMCID: PMC9224532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have drawn attention in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders, in particular depression. However, whether dietary supplementation with LC n-3 PUFA protects from the development of mood disorders is still a matter of debate. In the present study, we studied the effect of a two-month exposure to isocaloric diets containing n-3 PUFAs in the form of relatively short-chain (SC) (6% of rapeseed oil, enriched in α-linolenic acid (ALA)) or LC (6% of tuna oil, enriched in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) PUFAs on behavior and synaptic plasticity of mice submitted or not to a chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), previously reported to alter emotional and social behavior, as well as synaptic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). First, fatty acid content and lipid metabolism gene expression were measured in the NAc of mice fed a SC (control) or LC n-3 (supplemented) PUFA diet. Our results indicate that LC n-3 supplementation significantly increased some n-3 PUFAs, while decreasing some n-6 PUFAs. Then, in another cohort, control and n-3 PUFA-supplemented mice were subjected to CSDS, and social and emotional behaviors were assessed, together with long-term depression plasticity in accumbal medium spiny neurons. Overall, mice fed with n-3 PUFA supplementation displayed an emotional behavior profile and electrophysiological properties of medium spiny neurons which was distinct from the ones displayed by mice fed with the control diet, and this, independently of CSDS. Using the social interaction index to discriminate resilient and susceptible mice in the CSDS groups, n-3 supplementation promoted resiliency. Altogether, our results pinpoint that exposure to a diet rich in LC n-3 PUFA, as compared to a diet rich in SC n-3 PUFA, influences the NAc fatty acid profile. In addition, electrophysiological properties and emotional behavior were altered in LC n-3 PUFA mice, independently of CSDS. Our results bring new insights about the effect of LC n-3 PUFA on emotional behavior and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Di Miceli
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.M.); (M.M.); (M.R.); (A.A.); (C.B.-B.); (X.F.); (C.J.)
- Worcester Biomedical Research Group, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
| | - Maud Martinat
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.M.); (M.M.); (M.R.); (A.A.); (C.B.-B.); (X.F.); (C.J.)
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
| | - Moïra Rossitto
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.M.); (M.M.); (M.R.); (A.A.); (C.B.-B.); (X.F.); (C.J.)
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
| | - Agnès Aubert
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.M.); (M.M.); (M.R.); (A.A.); (C.B.-B.); (X.F.); (C.J.)
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
| | - Shoug Alashmali
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Clémentine Bosch-Bouju
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.M.); (M.M.); (M.R.); (A.A.); (C.B.-B.); (X.F.); (C.J.)
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
| | - Xavier Fioramonti
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.M.); (M.M.); (M.R.); (A.A.); (C.B.-B.); (X.F.); (C.J.)
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
| | - Corinne Joffre
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.M.); (M.M.); (M.R.); (A.A.); (C.B.-B.); (X.F.); (C.J.)
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
| | - Richard P. Bazinet
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Sophie Layé
- Laboratoire NutriNeuro, UMR INRAE 1286, Bordeaux INP, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.M.); (M.M.); (M.R.); (A.A.); (C.B.-B.); (X.F.); (C.J.)
- International Research Network Food4BrainHealth;
- Correspondence:
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Mastinu A, Ascrizzi R, Ribaudo G, Bonini SA, Premoli M, Aria F, Maccarinelli G, Gianoncelli A, Flamini G, Pistelli L, Memo M. Prosocial Effects of Nonpsychotropic Cannabis sativa in Mice. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2022; 7:170-178. [PMID: 34370607 PMCID: PMC9070742 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Cannabis sativa L. (C. sativa) is used since ancient times to produce fabrics, baskets, and cords. Later, different ethnic groups used to burn the leaves and flowers of psychotropic cultivars with high Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D9-THC) levels, during the religious or propitiatory rites to alter the state of consciousness. To date, it is not known whether also nonpsychotropic cultivars of C. sativa were used during these rites, and whether these varieties could have an effect on human behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral effects of an extract of nonpsychotropic C. sativa (NP-CS) in mice. Materials and Methods: An extract of a nonpsychotropic cultivar of C. sativa dissolved in medium-chain triglyceride oil was used and the different phytochemical components were evaluated. The relative composition in terms of phytocannabinoid content was assessed by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to UV detection (RP-HPLC-UV), and the volatile components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, the behavioral effect of NP-CS was assessed on a wild-type mouse model. The animals were treated for 14 days (oral gavage) and motility, anxiety, and social effects were assessed. Results: RP-HPLC-UV analysis demonstrated that D9-THC was present in lower concentration with respect to other cannabinoids, like cannabidiol. Furthermore, the GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several terpenoids. Concerning in vivo studies, chronic treatment with NP-CS did not alter body weight, motility, and anxiety and increased social interaction. Conclusions: This study highlighted the prosocial effects of NP-CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mastinu
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Anna Bonini
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marika Premoli
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Aria
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Maccarinelli
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Guido Flamini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Memo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Is Required for Neurodevelopment of Striosome-Dendron Bouquets. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0318-21.2022. [PMID: 35361667 PMCID: PMC9007419 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0318-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) has strong effects on neurogenesis and axon pathfinding in the prenatal brain. Endocannabinoids that activate CB1R are abundant in the early postnatal brain and in mother's milk, but few studies have investigated their function in newborns. We examined postnatal CB1R expression in the major striatonigral circuit from striosomes of the striatum to the dopamine-containing neurons of the substantia nigra. CB1R enrichment was first detectable between postnatal day (P)5 and P7, and this timing coincided with the formation of "striosome-dendron bouquets," the elaborate anatomic structures by which striosomal neurons control dopaminergic cell activity through inhibitory synapses. In Cnr1-/- knock-out mice lacking CB1R expression, striosome-dendron bouquets were markedly disorganized by P11 and at adulthood, suggesting a postnatal pathfinding connectivity function for CB1R in connecting striosomal axons and dopaminergic neurons analogous to CB1R's prenatal function in other brain regions. Our finding that CB1R plays a major role in postnatal wiring of the striatonigral dopamine-control system, with lasting consequences at least in mice, points to a crucial need to determine whether lactating mothers' use of CB1R agonists (e.g., in marijuana) or antagonists (e.g., type 2 diabetes therapies) can disrupt brain development in nursing offspring.
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Guily P, Lassalle O, Chavis P, Manzoni OJ. Sex-specific divergent maturational trajectories in the postnatal rat basolateral amygdala. iScience 2022; 25:103815. [PMID: 35198880 PMCID: PMC8841815 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In rodents and humans, the basolateral amygdala (BLA), essential for emotional behaviors, is profoundly reorganized during adolescence. We compared in both sexes the morphology, neuronal, and synaptic properties of BLA neurons in rats at puberty and adulthood. BLA neurons were more excitable in males than in females at adulthood. At pubescence, male action potentials were smaller and shorter than females’ while fast afterhyperpolarizations were larger in males. During postnatal maturation, spine length increased and decreased in females and males, respectively, while there was a reduction in spine head size in females. Excitatory synaptic properties, estimated from stimuli-response relationships, spontaneous post-synaptic currents, and AMPA/NMDA ratio also displayed sex-specific maturational differences. Finally, the developmental courses of long-term potentiation and depression were sexually dimorphic. These data reveal divergent maturational trajectories in the BLA of male and female rats and suggest sex-specific substrates to the BLA linked behaviors at adolescence and adulthood. The BLA is immature at puberty and its development toward adulthood is sex-specific At adulthood, neuronal excitability is lower in females than in males The maturation of spine morphology is more pronounced in females The developmental courses of LTP and LTD are sexually divergent
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Guily
- INMED, INSERM U1249 Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273 Marseille Cedex 09 France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Olivier Lassalle
- INMED, INSERM U1249 Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273 Marseille Cedex 09 France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Pascale Chavis
- INMED, INSERM U1249 Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273 Marseille Cedex 09 France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Olivier J. Manzoni
- INMED, INSERM U1249 Parc Scientifique de Luminy - BP 13 - 13273 Marseille Cedex 09 France
- Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Corresponding author
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14
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Bara A, Ferland JMN, Rompala G, Szutorisz H, Hurd YL. Cannabis and synaptic reprogramming of the developing brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 2021; 22:423-438. [PMID: 34021274 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-021-00465-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have been transformational in regard to the perception of the health risks and benefits of cannabis with increased acceptance of use. This has unintended neurodevelopmental implications given the increased use of cannabis and the potent levels of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol today being consumed by pregnant women, young mothers and teens. In this Review, we provide an overview of the neurobiological effects of cannabinoid exposure during prenatal/perinatal and adolescent periods, in which the endogenous cannabinoid system plays a fundamental role in neurodevelopmental processes. We highlight impaired synaptic plasticity as characteristic of developmental exposure and the important contribution of epigenetic reprogramming that maintains the long-term impact into adulthood and across generations. Such epigenetic influence by its very nature being highly responsive to the environment also provides the potential to diminish neural perturbations associated with developmental cannabis exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Bara
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline-Marie N Ferland
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Gregory Rompala
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Henrietta Szutorisz
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Yasmin L Hurd
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA. .,Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, NY, USA. .,Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, NY, USA.
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15
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Langlois C, Potvin S, Khullar A, Tourjman SV. Down and High: Reflections Regarding Depression and Cannabis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:625158. [PMID: 34054594 PMCID: PMC8160288 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In light of the recent changes in the legal status of cannabis in Canada, the understanding of the potential impact of the use of cannabis by individuals suffering from depression is increasingly considered as being important. It is fundamental that we look into the existing literature to examine the influence of cannabis on psychiatric conditions, including mood disorders. In this article, we will explore the relationship that exists between depression and cannabis. We will examine the impact of cannabis on the onset and course of depression, and its treatment. We have undertaken a wide-ranging review of the literature in order to address these questions. The evidence from longitudinal studies suggest that there is a bidirectional relationship between cannabis use and depression, such that cannabis use increases the risk for depression and vice-versa. This risk is possibly higher in heavy users having initiated their consumption in early adolescence. Clinical evidence also suggests that cannabis use is associated with a worse prognosis in individuals with major depressive disorder. The link with suicide remains controversial. Moreover, there is insufficient data to determine the impact of cannabis use on cognition in individuals with major depression disorder. Preliminary evidence suggesting that the endogenous cannabinoid system is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. This will need to be confirmed in future positron emission tomography studies. Randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the potential efficacy of motivational interviewing and/or cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of cannabis use disorder in individuals with major depressive major disorder. Finally, although there is preclinical evidence suggesting that cannabidiol has antidepressant properties, randomized controlled trials will need to properly investigate this possibility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Atul Khullar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Smadar Valérie Tourjman
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Effects of systemic endocannabinoid manipulation on social and exploratory behavior in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:293-304. [PMID: 33130926 PMCID: PMC7796938 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Anandamide is an endocannabinoid that contributes to certain aspects of social behavior, like play and reward, by binding to cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1). Most interesting is the recent discovery that anandamide may be mobilized by oxytocin receptor activation under certain contexts, particularly in the nucleus accumbens. OBJECTIVES Given the established role of oxytocin and the nucleus accumbens in the neurobiology of pair-bonding, we investigated whether systemic administration of brain-permeable modulators of the endocannabinoid system could alter preferential partner contact in both male and female prairie voles. METHODS Specifically, we tested whether intraperitoneal administration of the neutral CB1 antagonist AM4113 (4.0-16.0 mg/kg) or the anandamide hydrolysis inhibitor URB597 (5.0-20.0 mg/kg) could prevent or facilitate partner preference formation, respectively. To further investigate the specificity of effects on partner preference, we repeated our URB597 dosing regimen on an additional group of females and tested their anxiety-related behavior in both an elevated-plus maze and a light/dark test. RESULTS AM4113 administration had no effect on partner preference. But while URB597 also had no effect on partner preference, low-dose females did increase absolute preferential contact with either the partner or the stranger; individual females spent significant contact time with either the partner or the stranger. None of our outcome measures in either anxiety test showed significant effects of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that experimentally increasing anandamide levels in female prairie voles can increase social contact with both a familiar and novel male via unknown mechanisms that are likely separate from anxiety reduction.
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Maternal Exposure to the Cannabinoid Agonist WIN 55,12,2 during Lactation Induces Lasting Behavioral and Synaptic Alterations in the Rat Adult Offspring of Both Sexes. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0144-20.2020. [PMID: 32868310 PMCID: PMC7540927 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0144-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of cannabis during pregnancy and the lactation period is a rising public health concern (Scheyer et al., 2019). Exposure to synthetic or plant-derived cannabinoids via lactation disrupts the development of GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and alters early-life behaviors (Scheyer et al., 2020b). Recently, additional data revealed that Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) perinatal exposure via lactation causes lasting behavioral and neuronal consequences (Scheyer et al., 2020a). Here, the long-term effects in adult offspring of maternal exposure to the synthetic cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,12,2 are reported. The data demonstrate that rats exposed during lactation to WIN display social and motivational deficits at adulthood. These behavioral changes were paralleled by a specific loss of endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression (eCB-LTD) in the PFC and nucleus accumbens (NAc), while other forms of synaptic plasticity remained intact. Thus, similarly to THC, perinatal WIN exposure via lactation induces behavioral and synaptic abnormalities lasting into adulthood.
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