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Sugiyama S, Inui K, Ohi K, Shioiri T. The influence of novelty detection on the 40-Hz auditory steady-state response in schizophrenia: A novel hypothesis from meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 135:111096. [PMID: 39029650 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
The 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is influenced not only by parameters such as attention, stimulus type, and analysis level but also by stimulus duration and inter-stimulus interval (ISI). In this meta-analysis, we examined these parameters in 33 studies that investigated 40-Hz ASSRs in patients with schizophrenia. The average Hedges' g random effect sizes were - 0.47 and - 0.43 for spectral power and phase-locking, respectively. We also found differences in ASSR measures based on stimulus duration and ISI. In particular, ISI was shown to significantly influence differences in the 40-Hz ASSR between healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. We proposed a novel hypothesis focusing on the role of novelty detection, dependent on stimulus duration and ISI, as a critical factor in determining these differences. Specifically, longer stimulus durations and shorter ISIs under random presentation, or shorter stimulus durations and longer ISIs under repetitive presentation, decrease the 40-Hz ASSR in healthy controls. Patients with schizophrenia show minimal changes in response to stimulus duration and ISI, thus reducing the difference between controls and patients. This hypothesis can consistently explain most of the studies that have failed to show a reduction in 40-Hz ASSR in patients with schizophrenia. Increased novelty-related activity, reflected as an increase in auditory evoked potential components at stimulus onset, such as the N1, could suppress the 40-Hz ASSR, potentially reducing the peak measures of spectral power and phase-locking. To establish the 40-Hz ASSR as a truly valuable biomarker for schizophrenia, further systematic research using paradigms with various stimulus durations and ISIs is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Sugiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
| | - Koji Inui
- Department of Functioning and Disability, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan; Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ohi
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toshiki Shioiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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2
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Palmisano A, Pandit S, Smeralda CL, Demchenko I, Rossi S, Battelli L, Rivolta D, Bhat V, Santarnecchi E. The Pathophysiological Underpinnings of Gamma-Band Alterations in Psychiatric Disorders. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:578. [PMID: 38792599 PMCID: PMC11122172 DOI: 10.3390/life14050578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigating the biophysiological substrates of psychiatric illnesses is of great interest to our understanding of disorders' etiology, the identification of reliable biomarkers, and potential new therapeutic avenues. Schizophrenia represents a consolidated model of γ alterations arising from the aberrant activity of parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons, whose dysfunction is associated with perineuronal net impairment and neuroinflammation. This model of pathogenesis is supported by molecular, cellular, and functional evidence. Proof for alterations of γ oscillations and their underlying mechanisms has also been reported in bipolar disorder and represents an emerging topic for major depressive disorder. Although evidence from animal models needs to be further elucidated in humans, the pathophysiology of γ-band alteration represents a common denominator for different neuropsychiatric disorders. The purpose of this narrative review is to outline a framework of converging results in psychiatric conditions characterized by γ abnormality, from neurochemical dysfunction to alterations in brain rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Palmisano
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.S.)
- Department of Education, Psychology, and Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Siddhartha Pandit
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.S.)
| | - Carmelo L. Smeralda
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.S.)
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation (SI-BIN) Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Ilya Demchenko
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael’s Hospital—Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (I.D.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Simone Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation (SI-BIN) Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Lorella Battelli
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems@UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Davide Rivolta
- Department of Education, Psychology, and Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael’s Hospital—Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (I.D.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.S.)
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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3
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Johnston KJA, Cote AC, Hicks E, Johnson J, Huckins LM. Genetically Regulated Gene Expression in the Brain Associated With Chronic Pain: Relationships With Clinical Traits and Potential for Drug Repurposing. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:745-761. [PMID: 37678542 PMCID: PMC10924073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a common, poorly understood condition. Genetic studies including genome-wide association studies have identified many relevant variants, which have yet to be translated into full understanding of chronic pain. Transcriptome-wide association studies using transcriptomic imputation methods such as S-PrediXcan can help bridge this genotype-phenotype gap. METHODS We carried out transcriptomic imputation using S-PrediXcan to identify genetically regulated gene expression associated with multisite chronic pain in 13 brain tissues and whole blood. Then, we imputed genetically regulated gene expression for over 31,000 Mount Sinai BioMe participants and performed a phenome-wide association study to investigate clinical relationships in chronic pain-associated gene expression changes. RESULTS We identified 95 experiment-wide significant gene-tissue associations (p < 7.97 × 10-7), including 36 unique genes and an additional 134 gene-tissue associations reaching within-tissue significance, including 53 additional unique genes. Of the 89 unique genes in total, 59 were novel for multisite chronic pain and 18 are established drug targets. Chronic pain genetically regulated gene expression for 10 unique genes was significantly associated with cardiac dysrhythmia, metabolic syndrome, disc disorders/dorsopathies, joint/ligament sprain, anemias, and neurologic disorder phecodes. Phenome-wide association study analyses adjusting for mean pain score showed that associations were not driven by mean pain score. CONCLUSIONS We carried out the largest transcriptomic imputation study of any chronic pain trait to date. Results highlight potential causal genes in chronic pain development and tissue and direction of effect. Several gene results were also drug targets. Phenome-wide association study results showed significant associations for phecodes including cardiac dysrhythmia and metabolic syndrome, thereby indicating potential shared mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira J A Johnston
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Alanna C Cote
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Emily Hicks
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jessica Johnson
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Laura M Huckins
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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López-Caballero F, Auksztulewicz R, Howard Z, Rosch RE, Todd J, Salisbury DF. Computational Synaptic Modeling of Pitch and Duration Mismatch Negativity in First-Episode Psychosis Reveals Selective Dysfunction of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor. Clin EEG Neurosci 2024:15500594241238294. [PMID: 38533562 DOI: 10.1177/15500594241238294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) to pitch (pMMN) and to duration (dMMN) deviant stimuli is significantly more attenuated in long-term psychotic illness compared to first-episode psychosis (FEP). It was recently shown that source-modeling of magnetically recorded MMN increases the detection of left auditory cortex MMN deficits in FEP, and that computational circuit modeling of electrically recorded MMN also reveals left-hemisphere auditory cortex abnormalities. Computational modeling using dynamic causal modeling (DCM) can also be used to infer synaptic activity from EEG-based scalp recordings. We measured pMMN and dMMN with EEG from 26 FEP and 26 matched healthy controls (HCs) and used a DCM conductance-based neural mass model including α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid, N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA), and Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors to identify any changes in effective connectivity and receptor rate constants in FEP. We modeled MMN sources in bilateral A1, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). No model parameters distinguished groups for pMMN. For dMMN, reduced NMDA receptor activity in right IFG in FEP was detected. This finding is in line with literature of prefrontal NMDA receptor hypofunction in chronic schizophrenia and suggests impaired NMDA-induced synaptic plasticity may be present at psychosis onset where scalp dMMN is only moderately reduced. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of impaired NMDA receptor activity in FEP found through computational modeling of dMMN and shows the potential of DCM to non-invasively reveal synaptic-level abnormalities that underly subtle functional auditory processing deficits in early psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F López-Caballero
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Auksztulewicz
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Z Howard
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - R E Rosch
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Todd
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - D F Salisbury
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Warren TL, Tubbs JD, Lesh TA, Corona MB, Pakzad SS, Albuquerque MD, Singh P, Zarubin V, Morse SJ, Sham PC, Carter CS, Nord AS. Association of neurotransmitter pathway polygenic risk with specific symptom profiles in psychosis. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02457-0. [PMID: 38491343 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
A primary goal of psychiatry is to better understand the pathways that link genetic risk to psychiatric symptoms. Here, we tested association of diagnosis and endophenotypes with overall and neurotransmitter pathway-specific polygenic risk in patients with early-stage psychosis. Subjects included 205 demographically diverse cases with a psychotic disorder who underwent comprehensive psychiatric and neurological phenotyping and 115 matched controls. Following genotyping, we calculated polygenic scores (PGSs) for schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) using Psychiatric Genomics Consortium GWAS summary statistics. To test if overall genetic risk can be partitioned into affected neurotransmitter pathways, we calculated pathway PGSs (pPGSs) for SZ risk affecting each of four major neurotransmitter systems: glutamate, GABA, dopamine, and serotonin. Psychosis subjects had elevated SZ PGS versus controls; cases with SZ or BP diagnoses had stronger SZ or BP risk, respectively. There was no significant association within psychosis cases between individual symptom measures and overall PGS. However, neurotransmitter-specific pPGSs were moderately associated with specific endophenotypes; notably, glutamate was associated with SZ diagnosis and with deficits in cognitive control during task-based fMRI, while dopamine was associated with global functioning. Finally, unbiased endophenotype-driven clustering identified three diagnostically mixed case groups that separated on primary deficits of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, global functioning, and cognitive control. All clusters showed strong genome-wide risk. Cluster 2, characterized by deficits in cognitive control and negative symptoms, additionally showed specific risk concentrated in glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways. Due to the intensive characterization of our subjects, the present study was limited to a relatively small cohort. As such, results should be followed up with additional research at the population and mechanism level. Our study suggests pathway-based PGS analysis may be a powerful path forward to study genetic mechanisms driving psychiatric endophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Warren
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Justin D Tubbs
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tyler A Lesh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mylena B Corona
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sarvenaz S Pakzad
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marina D Albuquerque
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Praveena Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa Zarubin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sarah J Morse
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pak Chung Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR.
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR.
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR.
| | - Cameron S Carter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Alex S Nord
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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6
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Koshiyama D, Nishimura R, Usui K, Fujioka M, Tada M, Kirihara K, Araki T, Kawakami S, Okada N, Koike S, Yamasue H, Abe O, Kasai K. Cortical white matter microstructural alterations underlying the impaired gamma-band auditory steady-state response in schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:32. [PMID: 38472253 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR), primarily generated from the auditory cortex, has received substantial attention as a potential brain marker indicating the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Previous studies have shown reduced gamma-band ASSR in patients with schizophrenia and demonstrated correlations with impaired neurocognition and psychosocial functioning. Recent studies in clinical and healthy populations have suggested that the neural substrates of reduced gamma-band ASSR may be distributed throughout the cortices surrounding the auditory cortex, especially in the right hemisphere. This study aimed to investigate associations between the gamma-band ASSR and white matter alterations in the bundles broadly connecting the right frontal, parietal and occipital cortices to clarify the networks underlying reduced gamma-band ASSR in patients with schizophrenia. We measured the 40 Hz ASSR using electroencephalography and diffusion tensor imaging in 42 patients with schizophrenia and 22 healthy comparison subjects. The results showed that the gamma-band ASSR was positively correlated with fractional anisotropy (an index of white matter integrity) in the regions connecting the right frontal, parietal and occipital cortices in healthy subjects (β = 0.41, corrected p = 0.075, uncorrected p = 0.038) but not in patients with schizophrenia (β = 0.17, corrected p = 0.46, uncorrected p = 0.23). These findings support our hypothesis that the generation of gamma-band ASSR is supported by white matter bundles that broadly connect the cortices and that these relationships may be disrupted in schizophrenia. Our study may help characterize and interpret reduced gamma-band ASSR as a useful brain marker of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nishimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Usui
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Community Mental Health and Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mao Fujioka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) at Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Disablity Services Office, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kawakami
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) at Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) at Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yamasue
- Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Osamu Abe
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) at Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Jensen KM, Calhoun VD, Fu Z, Yang K, Faria AV, Ishizuka K, Sawa A, Andrés-Camazón P, Coffman BA, Seebold D, Turner JA, Salisbury DF, Iraji A. A whole-brain neuromark resting-state fMRI analysis of first-episode and early psychosis: Evidence of aberrant cortical-subcortical-cerebellar functional circuitry. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 41:103584. [PMID: 38422833 PMCID: PMC10944191 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Psychosis (including symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized conduct/speech) is a main feature of schizophrenia and is frequently present in other major psychiatric illnesses. Studies in individuals with first-episode (FEP) and early psychosis (EP) have the potential to interpret aberrant connectivity associated with psychosis during a period with minimal influence from medication and other confounds. The current study uses a data-driven whole-brain approach to examine patterns of aberrant functional network connectivity (FNC) in a multi-site dataset comprising resting-state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRI) from 117 individuals with FEP or EP and 130 individuals without a psychiatric disorder, as controls. Accounting for age, sex, race, head motion, and multiple imaging sites, differences in FNC were identified between psychosis and control participants in cortical (namely the inferior frontal gyrus, superior medial frontal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, supplementary motor area, posterior cingulate cortex, and superior and middle temporal gyri), subcortical (the caudate, thalamus, subthalamus, and hippocampus), and cerebellar regions. The prominent pattern of reduced cerebellar connectivity in psychosis is especially noteworthy, as most studies focus on cortical and subcortical regions, neglecting the cerebellum. The dysconnectivity reported here may indicate disruptions in cortical-subcortical-cerebellar circuitry involved in rudimentary cognitive functions which may serve as reliable correlates of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Jensen
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zening Fu
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andreia V Faria
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pablo Andrés-Camazón
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Atlanta, GA, USA; Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Brian A Coffman
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dylan Seebold
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica A Turner
- Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dean F Salisbury
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Armin Iraji
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Atlanta, GA, USA
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8
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Wang X, Xie J, Ma H, Li G, Li M, Li S, Sun X, Zhao Y, Sun W, Yang S, Li J. The relationship between alterations in plasma metabolites and treatment responses in antipsychotic-naïve female patients with schizophrenia. World J Biol Psychiatry 2024; 25:106-115. [PMID: 37867221 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2023.2271965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between alterations in plasma metabolites and treatment responses amongst antipsychotic-naïve female patients with schizophrenia. A total of 38 antipsychotic-naïve female schizophrenia patients (ANS) and 19 healthy female controls (HC) were recruited. Plasma samples were obtained from all participants, and targeted metabolomics were measured with FIA-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) was used to assess the severity of psychotic symptoms before and after eight weeks of treatment. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves were used to predict diagnostic and therapeutic responses. A total of 186 metabolites passed quality control procedures and were used in statistical analysis to identify potential biomarkers. Before treatment, the ANS patients had lower levels of γ -Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) and higher levels of Cholesteryl esters (CE) (20:3), Cholic Acid (CA) and Glycocholic Acid (GCA) compared to the HCs. These four differential metabonomic markers were synthesised into a combinatorial biomarker panel. This panel significantly distinguished ANS from HC. Moreover, this biomarker panel was able to effectively predict therapeutic responses. Our results suggest that plasma CE (20:3), CA, GCA, and GABA levels may be useful for diagnosing and predicting antipsychotic efficacy amongst female schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyun Ma
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Li
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Chifeng Anding Hospital, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Meijuan Li
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shen Li
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongping Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Tianjin Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Haigh SM, Van Key L, Brosseau P, Eack SM, Leitman DI, Salisbury DF, Behrmann M. Assessing Trial-to-Trial Variability in Auditory ERPs in Autism and Schizophrenia. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:4856-4871. [PMID: 36207652 PMCID: PMC10079782 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sensory abnormalities are characteristic of autism and schizophrenia. In autism, greater trial-to-trial variability (TTV) in sensory neural responses suggest that the system is more unstable. However, these findings have only been identified in the amplitude and not in the timing of neural responses, and have not been fully explored in schizophrenia. TTV in event-related potential amplitudes and inter-trial coherence (ITC) were assessed in the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) in autism, schizophrenia, and controls. MMN was largest in autism and smallest in schizophrenia, and TTV was greater in autism and schizophrenia compared to controls. There were no differences in ITC. Greater TTV appears to be characteristic of both autism and schizophrenia, implicating several neural mechanisms that could underlie sensory instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Haigh
- Department of Psychology and Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA.
- Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Laura Van Key
- Department of Psychology and Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Pat Brosseau
- Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shaun M Eack
- School of Social Work, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Dean F Salisbury
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marlene Behrmann
- Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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10
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Warren TL, Tubbs JD, Lesh TA, Corona MB, Pakzad S, Albuquerque M, Singh P, Zarubin V, Morse S, Sham PC, Carter CS, Nord AS. Association of neurotransmitter pathway polygenic risk with specific symptom profiles in psychosis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.24.23290465. [PMID: 37292649 PMCID: PMC10246134 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.24.23290465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A primary goal of psychiatry is to better understand the pathways that link genetic risk to psychiatric symptoms. Here, we tested association of diagnosis and endophenotypes with overall and neurotransmitter pathway-specific polygenic risk in patients with early-stage psychosis. Subjects included 206 demographically diverse cases with a psychotic disorder who underwent comprehensive psychiatric and neurological phenotyping and 115 matched controls. Following genotyping, we calculated polygenic scores (PGSs) for schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) using Psychiatric Genomics Consortium GWAS summary statistics. To test if overall genetic risk can be partitioned into affected neurotransmitter pathways, we calculated pathway PGSs (pPGSs) for SZ risk affecting each of four major neurotransmitter systems: glutamate, GABA, dopamine, and serotonin. Psychosis subjects had elevated SZ PGS versus controls; cases with SZ or BP diagnoses had stronger SZ or BP risk, respectively. There was no significant association within psychosis cases between individual symptom measures and overall PGS. However, neurotransmitter-specific pPGSs were moderately associated with specific endophenotypes; notably, glutamate was associated with SZ diagnosis and with deficits in cognitive control during task-based fMRI, while dopamine was associated with global functioning. Finally, unbiased endophenotype-driven clustering identified three diagnostically mixed case groups that separated on primary deficits of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, global functioning, and cognitive control. All clusters showed strong genome-wide risk. Cluster 2, characterized by deficits in cognitive control and negative symptoms, additionally showed specific risk concentrated in glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways. Due to the intensive characterization of our subjects, the present study was limited to a relatively small cohort. As such, results should be followed up with additional research at the population and mechanism level. Our study suggests pathway-based PGS analysis may be a powerful path forward to study genetic mechanisms driving psychiatric endophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin D. Tubbs
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pak Chung Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong
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11
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Nakanishi S, Tamura S, Hirano S, Takahashi J, Kitajima K, Takai Y, Mitsudo T, Togao O, Nakao T, Onitsuka T, Hirano Y. Abnormal phase entrainment of low- and high-gamma-band auditory steady-state responses in schizophrenia. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1277733. [PMID: 37942136 PMCID: PMC10627971 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1277733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gamma-band oscillatory deficits have attracted considerable attention as promising biomarkers of schizophrenia (SZ). Notably, a reduced auditory steady-state response (ASSR) in the low gamma band (40 Hz) is widely recognized as a robust finding among SZ patients. However, a comprehensive investigation into the potential utility of the high-gamma-band ASSR in detecting altered neural oscillations in SZ has not yet been conducted. Methods The present study aimed to assess the ASSR using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data obtained during steady-state stimuli at frequencies of 20, 30, 40, and 80 Hz from 23 SZ patients and 21 healthy controls (HCs). To evaluate the ASSR, we examined the evoked power and phase-locking factor (PLF) in the time-frequency domain for both the primary and secondary auditory cortices. Furthermore, we calculated the phase-locking angle (PLA) to examine oscillatory phase lead or delay in SZ patients. Taking advantage of the high spatial resolution of MEG, we also focused on the hemispheric laterality of low- and high-gamma-band ASSR deficits in SZ. Results We found abnormal phase delay in the 40 Hz ASSR within the bilateral auditory cortex of SZ patients. Regarding the 80 Hz ASSR, our investigation identified an aberrant phase lead in the left secondary auditory cortex in SZ, accompanied by reduced evoked power in both auditory cortices. Discussion Given that abnormal phase lead on 80 Hz ASSR exhibited the highest discriminative power between HC and SZ, we propose that the examination of PLA in the 80 Hz ASSR holds significant promise as a robust candidate for identifying neurophysiological endophenotypes associated with SZ. Furthermore, the left-hemisphere phase lead observed in the deficits of 80 Hz PLA aligns with numerous prior studies, which have consistently proposed that SZ is characterized by left-lateralized brain dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Nakanishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shogo Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Kitajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Takai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takako Mitsudo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Osamu Togao
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- National Hospital Organization Sakakibara Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Grent-'t-Jong T, Brickwedde M, Metzner C, Uhlhaas PJ. 40-Hz Auditory Steady-State Responses in Schizophrenia: Toward a Mechanistic Biomarker for Circuit Dysfunctions and Early Detection and Diagnosis. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:550-560. [PMID: 37086914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
There is converging evidence that 40-Hz auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are robustly impaired in schizophrenia and could constitute a potential biomarker for characterizing circuit dysfunctions as well as enable early detection and diagnosis. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms involved in 40-Hz ASSRs, drawing on computational, physiological, and pharmacological data with a focus on parameters modulating the balance between excitation and inhibition. We will then summarize findings from electro- and magnetoencephalographic studies in participants at clinical high risk for psychosis, patients with first-episode psychosis, and patients with schizophrenia to identify the pattern of deficits across illness stages, the relationship with clinical variables, and the prognostic potential. Finally, data on genetics and developmental modifications will be reviewed, highlighting the importance of late modifications of 40-Hz ASSRs during adolescence, which are closely related to the underlying changes in GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) interneurons. Together, our review suggests that 40-Hz ASSRs may constitute an informative electrophysiological approach to characterize circuit dysfunctions in psychosis that could be relevant for the development of mechanistic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marion Brickwedde
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Metzner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Neural Information Processing Group, Institute of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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13
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Tada M, Kirihara K, Koshiyama D, Nagai T, Fujiouka M, Usui K, Satomura Y, Koike S, Sawada K, Matsuoka J, Morita K, Araki T, Kasai K. Alterations of auditory-evoked gamma oscillations are more pronounced than alterations of spontaneous power of gamma oscillation in early stages of schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:218. [PMID: 37365182 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several animal models of schizophrenia and patients with chronic schizophrenia have shown increased spontaneous power of gamma oscillations. However, the most robust alterations of gamma oscillations in patients with schizophrenia are reduced auditory-oscillatory responses. We hypothesized that patients with early-stage schizophrenia would have increased spontaneous power of gamma oscillations and reduced auditory-oscillatory responses. This study included 77 participants, including 27 ultra-high-risk (UHR) individuals, 19 patients with recent-onset schizophrenia (ROS), and 31 healthy controls (HCs). The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) and spontaneous power of gamma oscillations measured as induced power during the ASSR period were calculated using electroencephalography during 40-Hz auditory click-trains. The ASSRs were lower in the UHR and ROS groups than in the HC group, whereas the spontaneous power of gamma oscillations in the UHR and ROS groups did not significantly differ from power in the HC group. Both early-latency (0-100 ms) and late-latency (300-400 ms) ASSRs were significantly reduced and negatively correlated with the spontaneous power of gamma oscillations in the ROS group. In contrast, UHR individuals exhibited reduced late-latency ASSR and a correlation between the unchanged early-latency ASSR and the spontaneous power of gamma oscillations. ASSR was positively correlated with the hallucinatory behavior score in the ROS group. Correlation patterns between the ASSR and spontaneous power of gamma oscillations differed between the UHR and ROS groups, suggesting that the neural dynamics involved in non-stimulus-locked/task modulation change with disease progression and may be disrupted after psychosis onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Office for Mental Health Support, Center for Research on Counseling and Support Services, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mao Fujiouka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kaori Usui
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Satomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- The University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity and Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kingo Sawada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Office for Mental Health Support, Center for Research on Counseling and Support Services, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jun Matsuoka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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14
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Hirosawa T, Soma D, Miyagishi Y, Furutani N, Yoshimura Y, Kameya M, Yamaguchi Y, Yaoi K, Sano M, Kitamura K, Takahashi T, Kikuchi M. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on the functionality of 40 Hz auditory steady state response brain network: graph theory approach. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1156617. [PMID: 37363170 PMCID: PMC10288104 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1156617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Measuring whole-brain networks of the 40 Hz auditory steady state response (ASSR) is a promising approach to describe the after-effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tDCS on the brain network of 40 Hz ASSR in healthy adult males using graph theory. The second objective was to identify a population in which tDCS effectively modulates the brain network of 40 Hz ASSR. Methods This study used a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blinded crossover approach. Twenty-five adult males (20-24 years old) completed two sessions at least 1 month apart. The participants underwent cathodal or sham tDCS of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, after which 40 Hz ASSR was measured using magnetoencephalography. After the signal sources were mapped onto the Desikan-Killiany brain atlas, the statistical relationships between localized activities were evaluated in terms of the debiased weighted phase lag index (dbWPLI). Weighted and undirected graphs were constructed for the tDCS and sham conditions based on the dbWPLI. Weighted characteristic path lengths and clustering coefficients were then measured and compared between the tDCS and sham conditions using mixed linear models. Results The characteristic path length was significantly lower post-tDCS simulation (p = 0.04) than after sham stimulation. This indicates that after tDCS simulation, the whole-brain networks of 40 Hz ASSR show a significant functional integration. Simple linear regression showed a higher characteristic path length at baseline, which was associated with a larger reduction in characteristic path length after tDCS. Hence, a pronounced effect of tDCS is expected for those who have a less functionally integrated network of 40 Hz ASSR. Discussion Given that the healthy brain is functionally integrated, we conclude that tDCS could effectively normalize less functionally integrated brain networks rather than enhance functional integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Hirosawa
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Soma
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Miyagishi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Furutani
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshimura
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Faculty of Education, Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kameya
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ken Yaoi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masuhiko Sano
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Koji Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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15
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Wilson M, Hecker L, Joos E, Aertsen A, Tebartz van Elst L, Kornmeier J. Spontaneous Necker-cube reversals may not be that spontaneous. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1179081. [PMID: 37323933 PMCID: PMC10268006 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1179081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During observation of the ambiguous Necker cube, our perception suddenly reverses between two about equally possible 3D interpretations. During passive observation, perceptual reversals seem to be sudden and spontaneous. A number of theoretical approaches postulate destabilization of neural representations as a pre-condition for reversals of ambiguous figures. In the current study, we focused on possible Electroencephalogram (EEG) correlates of perceptual destabilization, that may allow prediction of an upcoming perceptual reversal. Methods We presented ambiguous Necker cube stimuli in an onset-paradigm and investigated the neural processes underlying endogenous reversals as compared to perceptual stability across two consecutive stimulus presentations. In a separate experimental condition, disambiguated cube variants were alternated randomly, to exogenously induce perceptual reversals. We compared the EEG immediately before and during endogenous Necker cube reversals with corresponding time windows during exogenously induced perceptual reversals of disambiguated cube variants. Results For the ambiguous Necker cube stimuli, we found the earliest differences in the EEG between reversal trials and stability trials already 1 s before a reversal occurred, at bilateral parietal electrodes. The traces remained similar until approximately 1100 ms before a perceived reversal, became maximally different at around 890 ms (p = 7.59 × 10-6, Cohen's d = 1.35) and remained different until shortly before offset of the stimulus preceding the reversal. No such patterns were found in the case of disambiguated cube variants. Discussion The identified EEG effects may reflect destabilized states of neural representations, related to destabilized perceptual states preceding a perceptual reversal. They further indicate that spontaneous Necker cube reversals are most probably not as spontaneous as generally thought. Rather, the destabilization may occur over a longer time scale, at least 1 s before a reversal event, despite the reversal event as such being perceived as spontaneous by the viewer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Hecker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Joos
- INSERM U1114, Cognitive Neuropsychology and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ad Aertsen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Tebartz van Elst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kornmeier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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16
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The Feature of Sleep Spindle Deficits in Patients With Schizophrenia With and Without Auditory Verbal Hallucinations. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:331-342. [PMID: 34380082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous sleep electroencephalography studies have detected abnormalities in sleep architecture and sleep spindle deficits in schizophrenia (SCZ), but the consistency of these results was not robust, which might be due to the small sample size and the influence of clinical factors such as the various medication therapies and symptom heterogeneity. This study aimed to regard auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) as a pointcut to downscale the heterogeneity of SCZ and explore whether some sleep architecture and spindle parameters were more severely impaired in SCZ patients with AVHs compared with those without AVHs. METHODS A total of 90 SCZ patients with AVHs, 92 SCZ patients without AVHs, and 91 healthy control subjects were recruited, and parameters of sleep architecture and spindle activities were compared between groups. The correlation between significant sleep parameters and clinical indicators was analyzed. RESULTS Deficits of sleep spindle activities at prefrontal electrodes and intrahemispheric spindle coherence were observed in both AVH and non-AVH groups, several of which were more serious in the AVH group. In addition, deficits of spindle activities at central and occipital electrodes and interhemispheric spindle coherence mainly manifested accompanying AVH symptoms, most of which were retained in the medication-naive first-episode patients, and were associated with Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale scores. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the underlying mechanism of spindle deficits might be different between SCZ patients with and without AVHs. In the future, the sleep feature of SCZ patients with different symptoms and the influence of clinical factors, such as medication therapy, should be further illustrated.
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17
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The Association between Electroencephalography with Auditory Steady-State Response and Postoperative Delirium. J Pers Med 2022; 13:jpm13010035. [PMID: 36675696 PMCID: PMC9860729 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Delirium is a disorder of consciousness and a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction and poor prognosis. We hypothesized that preoperative gamma activities would be linked to postoperative delirium. We enrolled 71 subjects for elective surgery and recorded auditory steady-state response (ASSR) by electroencephalography (EEG) before the surgery and examined postoperative delirium with DSM-5. The EEG data were analyzed for baseline power, and ASSR evoked power (EP) and phase-locking factor (PLF) within the gamma range. Postoperative delirium was found in 18 patients (delirium group) but not in 53 patients (non-delirium group). There were no significant differences in the 40-Hz EP or PLF between the two groups. The baseline gamma activity negatively correlated with the 40-Hz PLF in the non-delirium group (ρ = −0.444, p < 0.01). The correlation between baseline gamma activity and 40-Hz EP was not significant in either the delirium or non-delirium group. In all patients, both preoperative PLF and EP had no significant correlations with the Delirium Rating Scale Revised-98 and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Measure at the post-operation, respectively. The disruption of the neurophysiological relationship between baseline gamma activity before sound stimuli and the PLF of the 40-Hz ASSR may be one of the potential neurophysiological indicators associated with postoperative delirium.
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Onitsuka T, Tsuchimoto R, Oribe N, Spencer KM, Hirano Y. Neuronal imbalance of excitation and inhibition in schizophrenia: a scoping review of gamma-band ASSR findings. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:610-619. [PMID: 36069299 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recent empirical findings suggest that altered neural synchronization, which is hypothesized to be associated with an imbalance of excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I) neuronal activities, may underlie a core pathophysiological mechanism in patients with schizophrenia. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) examined by electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) has been proposed as a potential biomarker for evaluating altered neural synchronization in schizophrenia. For this review, we performed a comprehensive literature search for papers published between 1999 and 2021 examining ASSRs in patients with schizophrenia. Almost all EEG-ASSR studies reported gamma-band ASSR reductions, especially to 40-Hz stimuli both in power and/or phase synchronization in chronic and first-episode schizophrenia. In addition, similar to EEG-ASSR findings, MEG-ASSR deficits to 80-Hz stimuli (high gamma) have been reported in patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, the 40-Hz ASSR is likely to be a predictor of the onset of schizophrenia. Notably, increased spontaneous (or ongoing) broadband (30-100 Hz) gamma power has been reported during ASSR tasks, which resembles the increased spontaneous gamma activity reported in animal models of E/I imbalance. Further research on ASSRs and evoked and spontaneous gamma oscillations is expected to elucidate the pathophysiology of schizophrenia with translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Department of Neuroimaging Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rikako Tsuchimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoya Oribe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Medical Center, Saga, Japan
| | - Kevin M Spencer
- Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02130, USA.,Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02130, USA.,Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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de Bustamante Simas ML, Dos Santos NRM, Lacerda AM. Auditory perceptual discomfort and low-hearing tolerance in the first episode psychosis. PSICOLOGIA, REFLEXAO E CRITICA : REVISTA SEMESTRAL DO DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGIA DA UFRGS 2022; 35:20. [PMID: 35819653 PMCID: PMC9276868 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-022-00224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Awareness of perceptual and sensory changes that might occur in visual, auditory, proprioception, and other senses, in the early stages towards the First Episode Psychosis (FEP), and their subsequent sensorial evolution as the disturb progresses deeper into an acute episode, might be a key element for interrupting the process. In the present study, we investigated hearing discomfort/tolerance to 16 given sound streams. Sixteen people diagnosed with FEP, participated in the experiment. Sixteen frequency sweeps varying in modulation envelopes (sawtooth, sine), order (ascending, descending), duration (4s, 8s), and range (50–8000 Hz, 2–8 kHz) were presented randomly, but always in the same sequence, to FEP and healthy controls (HC). The level of discomfort was estimated by the participant by making a mark across a continuous line whose extremes read “nothing bad” (left) and “too bad” (right). Results showed that ascending sine pure frequency sweeps (p < 0.01) and descending sine pure frequencies sweeps (p < 0.01) caused the maximum discomfort in FEP. Other variables also showed differences between FEP and HC, and FEP were always more intolerant to such pure frequency sweeps than HC. We conclude that this might be useful for very early assessment of people at risk, people with FEP, and people with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lúcia de Bustamante Simas
- Laboratório de Percepção Visual, Programa da Pós Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av da Arquitetura s/n CFCH 9º Andar, Recife, PE, CEP.: 50740-550, Brasil.
| | - Naianna Ribeiro Mocelin Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Percepção Visual, Programa da Pós Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av da Arquitetura s/n CFCH 9º Andar, Recife, PE, CEP.: 50740-550, Brasil
| | - Aline Mendes Lacerda
- Laboratório de Percepção Visual, Programa da Pós Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av da Arquitetura s/n CFCH 9º Andar, Recife, PE, CEP.: 50740-550, Brasil
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20
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Carnac T. Schizophrenia Hypothesis: Autonomic Nervous System Dysregulation of Fetal and Adult Immune Tolerance. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:844383. [PMID: 35844244 PMCID: PMC9283579 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.844383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system can control immune cell activation via both sympathetic adrenergic and parasympathetic cholinergic nerve release of norepinephrine and acetylcholine. The hypothesis put forward in this paper suggests that autonomic nervous system dysfunction leads to dysregulation of immune tolerance mechanisms in brain-resident and peripheral immune cells leading to excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). Inactivation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK3β) is a process that takes place in macrophages and microglia when a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand binds to the TLR4 receptor. When Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPS) and Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS) bind to TLR4s, the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) pathway should be activated, leading to inactivation of GSK3β. This switches the macrophage from producing pro-inflammatory cytokines to anti-inflammatory cytokines. Acetylcholine activation of the α7 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) on the cell surface of immune cells leads to PI3K/Akt pathway activation and can control immune cell polarization. Dysregulation of this pathway due to dysfunction of the prenatal autonomic nervous system could lead to impaired fetal immune tolerance mechanisms and a greater vulnerability to Maternal Immune Activation (MIA) resulting in neurodevelopmental abnormalities. It could also lead to the adult schizophrenia patient’s immune system being more vulnerable to chronic stress-induced DAMP release. If a schizophrenia patient experiences chronic stress, an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α could cause significant damage. TNF-α could increase the permeability of the intestinal and blood brain barrier, resulting in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and TNF-α translocation to the brain and consequent increases in glutamate release. MIA has been found to reduce Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase mRNA expression, resulting in reduced Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis, which combined with an increase of glutamate release could result in an imbalance of glutamate and GABA neurotransmitters. Schizophrenia could be a “two-hit” illness comprised of a genetic “hit” of autonomic nervous system dysfunction and an environmental hit of MIA. This combination of factors could lead to neurotransmitter imbalance and the development of psychotic symptoms.
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21
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Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Light GA. High-power gamma-related delta phase alteration in schizophrenia patients at rest. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:179-186. [PMID: 35037330 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Information processing is supported by the cortico-cortical transmission of neural oscillations across brain regions. Recent studies have demonstrated that the rhythmic firing of neural populations is not random but is governed by interactions with other frequency bands. Specifically, the amplitude of gamma-band oscillations is associated with the phase of lower frequency oscillations in support of short and long-range communications among networks. This cross-frequency relation is thought to reflect the temporal coordination of neural communication. While schizophrenia patients show abnormal oscillatory responses across multiple frequencies at rest, it is unclear whether the functional relationships among frequency bands are intact. This study aimed to characterize the lower frequency (delta/theta, 1-8 Hz) phase and the amplitude of gamma oscillations in healthy subjects and schizophrenia patients at rest. METHODS Low frequency-phase (delta- and theta- band) angles and gamma-band amplitude relationships were assessed in 142 schizophrenia patients and 128 healthy subjects. RESULTS Significant low-frequency phase alteration related to high-power gamma was detected across broadly distributed scalp regions in both healthy subjects and patients. In patients, delta phase synchronization related to high-power gamma was significantly decreased at the frontocentral, right middle temporal, and left temporoparietal electrodes but significantly increased at the left parietal electrode. CONCLUSIONS High-power gamma-related delta phase alteration may reflect a core pathophysiologic abnormality in schizophrenia. Data-driven measures of functional relationships among frequency bands may prove useful in the development of novel therapeutics. Future studies are needed to determine whether these alterations are specific to schizophrenia or appear in other neuropsychiatric patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
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22
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Electrophysiological and Behavioral Evidence for Hyper- and Hyposensitivity in Rare Genetic Syndromes Associated with Autism. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040671. [PMID: 35456477 PMCID: PMC9027402 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study reviewed abnormalities in spontaneous, as well as event-related, brain activity in syndromes with a known genetic underpinning that are associated with autistic symptomatology. Based on behavioral and neurophysiological evidence, we tentatively subdivided the syndromes on primarily hyper-sensitive (Fragile X, Angelman) and hypo-sensitive (Phelan–McDermid, Rett, Tuberous Sclerosis, Neurofibromatosis 1), pointing to the way of segregation of heterogeneous idiopathic ASD, that includes both hyper-sensitive and hypo-sensitive individuals. This segmentation links abnormalities in different genes, such as FMR1, UBE3A, GABRB3, GABRA5, GABRG3, SHANK3, MECP2, TSC1, TSC2, and NF1, that are causative to the above-mentioned syndromes and associated with synaptic transmission and cell growth, as well as with translational and transcriptional regulation and with sensory sensitivity. Excitation/inhibition imbalance related to GABAergic signaling, and the interplay of tonic and phasic inhibition in different brain regions might underlie this relationship. However, more research is needed. As most genetic syndromes are very rare, future investigations in this field will benefit from multi-site collaboration with a common protocol for electrophysiological and event-related potential (EEG/ERP) research that should include an investigation into all modalities and stages of sensory processing, as well as potential biomarkers of GABAergic signaling (such as 40-Hz ASSR).
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23
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Howells FM, Hsieh JH, Temmingh HS, Baldwin DS, Stein DJ. Capacity for cortical excitation is reduced in psychotic disorders: An investigation of the TMS-EMG cortical silent period. Schizophr Res 2022; 240:73-77. [PMID: 34968895 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fleur M Howells
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Jennifer H Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Henk S Temmingh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Valkenberg Hospital, Cape Town, Western Cape Province, South Africa
| | - David S Baldwin
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; SA MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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24
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Raymond N, Lizano P, Kelly S, Hegde R, Keedy S, Pearlson GD, Gershon ES, Clementz BA, Tamminga CA, Keshavan M. What can clozapine’s effect on neural oscillations tell us about its therapeutic effects? A scoping review and synthesis. Biomark Neuropsychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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25
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Narita Z, Yang K, Kuga H, Piancharoen P, Etyemez S, Faria A, Mihaljevic M, Longo L, Namkung H, Coughlin JM, Nestadt G, Nucifora FC, Sedlak TW, Schaub R, Crawford J, Schretlen DJ, Miyata J, Ishizuka K, Sawa A. Face processing of social cognition in patients with first episode psychosis: Its deficits and association with the right subcallosal anterior cingulate cortex. Schizophr Res 2021; 238:99-107. [PMID: 34649085 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The clinical importance of social cognition is well acknowledged in patients with psychosis, in particular those with first episode psychosis (FEP). Nevertheless, its brain substrates and circuitries remain elusive, lacking precise analysis between multimodal brain characteristics and behavioral sub-dimensions within social cognition. In the present study, we examined face processing of social cognition in 71 FEP patients and 77 healthy controls (HCs). We looked for a possible correlation between face processing and multimodal MRI characteristics such as resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and brain volume. We observed worse recognition accuracy, longer recognition response time, and longer memory response time in FEP patients when compared with HCs. Of these, memory response time was selectively correlated with specific rsFCs, which included the right subcallosal sub-region of BA24 in the ACC (scACC), only in FEP patients. The volume of this region was also correlated with memory response time in FEP patients. The scACC is functionally and structurally important in FEP-associated abnormalities of face processing measures in social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zui Narita
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Hironori Kuga
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Peeraya Piancharoen
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Semra Etyemez
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Andreia Faria
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Marina Mihaljevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Luisa Longo
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Ho Namkung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Jennifer M Coughlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Gerald Nestadt
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Frederik C Nucifora
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Thomas W Sedlak
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Schaub
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Jeff Crawford
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - David J Schretlen
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Jun Miyata
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
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26
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Ahmed S, Lepock JR, Mizrahi R, Bagby RM, Gerritsen CJ, Korostil M, Light GA, Kiang M. Decreased Gamma Auditory Steady-State Response Is Associated With Impaired Real-World Functioning in Unmedicated Patients at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. Clin EEG Neurosci 2021; 52:400-405. [PMID: 33356513 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420982706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM Deficits in synchronous, gamma-frequency neural oscillations may contribute to schizophrenia patients' real-world functional impairment and can be measured electroencephalographically using the auditory steady-state response (ASSR). Gamma ASSR deficits have been reported in schizophrenia patients and individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for developing psychosis. We hypothesized that, in CHR patients, gamma ASSR would correlate with real-world functioning, consistent with a role for gamma synchrony deficits in functional impairment. METHODS A total of 35 CHR patients rated on Global Functioning: Social and Role scales had EEG recorded while listening to 1-ms, 93-dB clicks presented at 40 Hz in 500-ms trains, in response to which 40-Hz evoked power and intertrial phase-locking factor (PLF) were measured. RESULTS In CHR patients, lower 40-Hz PLF correlated with lower social functioning. CONCLUSIONS Gamma synchrony deficits may be a biomarker of real-world impairment at early stages of the schizophrenia disease trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ahmed
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer R Lepock
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Michael Bagby
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cory J Gerritsen
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michele Korostil
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Kiang
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Grent-'t-Jong T, Gajwani R, Gross J, Gumley AI, Krishnadas R, Lawrie SM, Schwannauer M, Schultze-Lutter F, Uhlhaas PJ. 40-Hz Auditory Steady-State Responses Characterize Circuit Dysfunctions and Predict Clinical Outcomes in Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis Participants: A Magnetoencephalography Study. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:419-429. [PMID: 34116790 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine whether 40-Hz auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are impaired in participants at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and predict clinical outcomes. METHODS Magnetoencephalography data were collected during a 40-Hz ASSR paradigm for a group of 116 CHR-P participants, 33 patients with first-episode psychosis (15 antipsychotic-naïve), a psychosis risk-negative group (n = 38), and 49 healthy control subjects. Analysis of group differences of 40-Hz intertrial phase coherence and 40-Hz amplitude focused on right Heschl's gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, hippocampus, and thalamus after establishing significant activations during 40-Hz ASSR stimulation. Linear regression and linear discriminant analyses were used to predict clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants, including transition to psychosis and persistence of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APSs). RESULTS CHR-P participants and patients with first-episode psychosis were impaired in 40-Hz amplitude in the right thalamus and hippocampus. In addition, patients with first-episode psychosis were impaired in 40-Hz amplitude in the right Heschl's gyrus, and CHR-P participants in 40-Hz intertrial phase coherence in the right Heschl's gyrus. The 40-Hz ASSR deficits were pronounced in CHR-P participants who later transitioned to psychosis (n = 13) or showed persistent APSs (n = 34). Importantly, both APS persistence and transition to psychosis were predicted by 40-Hz ASSR impairments, with ASSR activity in the right hippocampus, superior temporal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus correctly classifying 69.2% individuals with nonpersistent APSs and 73.5% individuals with persistent APSs (area under the curve = 0.842), and right thalamus 40-Hz activity correctly classifying 76.9% transitioned and 53.6% nontransitioned CHR-P participants (area under the curve = 0.695). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that deficits in gamma-band entrainment in the primary auditory cortex and subcortical areas constitute a potential biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes in CHR-P participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruchika Gajwani
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Andrew I Gumley
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rajeev Krishnadas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Schwannauer
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Airlangga, Indonesia; University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Gammon D, Cheng C, Volkovinskaia A, Baker GB, Dursun SM. Clozapine: Why Is It So Uniquely Effective in the Treatment of a Range of Neuropsychiatric Disorders? Biomolecules 2021; 11:1030. [PMID: 34356654 PMCID: PMC8301879 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clozapine is superior to other antipsychotics as a therapy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder with increased risk of suicidal behavior. This drug has also been used in the off-label treatment of bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Although usually reserved for severe and treatment-refractory cases, it is interesting that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has also been used in the treatment of these psychiatric disorders, suggesting some common or related mechanisms. A literature review on the applications of clozapine and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to the disorders mentioned above was undertaken, and this narrative review was prepared. Although both treatments have multiple actions, evidence to date suggests that the ability to elicit epileptiform activity and alter EEG activity, to increase neuroplasticity and elevate brain levels of neurotrophic factors, to affect imbalances in the relationship between glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and to reduce inflammation through effects on neuron-glia interactions are common underlying mechanisms of these two treatments. This evidence may explain why clozapine is effective in a range of neuropsychiatric disorders. Future increased investigations into epigenetic and connectomic changes produced by clozapine and ECT should provide valuable information about these two treatments and the disorders they are used to treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Gammon
- Saba University School of Medicine, Saba, The Netherlands; (D.G.); (A.V.)
| | - Catherine Cheng
- Neurochemical Research Unit and Bebensee Schizophrenia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (C.C.); (G.B.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Anna Volkovinskaia
- Saba University School of Medicine, Saba, The Netherlands; (D.G.); (A.V.)
| | - Glen B. Baker
- Neurochemical Research Unit and Bebensee Schizophrenia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (C.C.); (G.B.B.)
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Serdar M. Dursun
- Neurochemical Research Unit and Bebensee Schizophrenia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (C.C.); (G.B.B.)
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Joshi YB, Nakanishi M, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Light GA. Source decomposition of the frontocentral auditory steady-state gamma band response in schizophrenia patients and healthy subjects. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 75:172-179. [PMID: 33470494 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is a neurophysiologic index that is increasingly used as a translational biomarker in the development of treatments of neuropsychiatric disorders. While gamma-band ASSR is generated by distributed networks of highly interactive temporal and frontal cortical sources, the majority of human gamma-band ASSR studies using electroencephalography (EEG) highlight activity from only a single frontocentral scalp site, Fz, where responses tend to be largest and reductions in schizophrenia patients are most evident. However, no previous study has characterized the relative source contributions to Fz, which is a necessary step to improve the concordance of preclinical and clinical EEG studies. METHODS A novel method to back-project the contributions of independent cortical source components was applied to assess the independent sources and their proportional contributions to Fz as well as source-resolved responses in 432 schizophrenia patients and 294 healthy subjects. RESULTS Independent contributions of gamma-band ASSR to Fz were detected from orbitofrontal, bilateral superior/middle/inferior temporal, bilateral middle frontal, and posterior cingulate gyri in both groups. In contrast to expectations, the groups showed comparable source contribution weight to gamma-band ASSR at Fz. While gamma-band ASSR reductions at Fz were present in schizophrenia patients consistent with previous studies, no group differences in individual source-level responses to Fz were detected. CONCLUSION Small differences in multiple independent sources summate to produce scalp-level differences at Fz. The identification of independent source contributions to a single scalp sensor represents a promising methodology for measuring dissociable and homologous biomarker targets in future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA
| | - Masaki Nakanishi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, USA
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30
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Loiodice S, Drinkenburg WH, Ahnaou A, McCarthy A, Viardot G, Cayre E, Rion B, Bertaina-Anglade V, Mano M, L’Hostis P, Drieu La Rochelle C, Kas MJ, Danjou P. Mismatch negativity as EEG biomarker supporting CNS drug development: a transnosographic and translational study. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:253. [PMID: 33927180 PMCID: PMC8085207 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of translation from basic research into new medicines is a major challenge in CNS drug development. The need to use novel approaches relying on (i) patient clustering based on neurobiology irrespective to symptomatology and (ii) quantitative biomarkers focusing on evolutionarily preserved neurobiological systems allowing back-translation from clinical to nonclinical research has been highlighted. Here we sought to evaluate the mismatch negativity (MMN) response in schizophrenic (SZ) patients, Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and age-matched healthy controls. To evaluate back-translation of the MMN response, we developed EEG-based procedures allowing the measurement of MMN-like responses in a rat model of schizophrenia and a mouse model of AD. Our results indicate a significant MMN attenuation in SZ but not in AD patients. Consistently with the clinical findings, we observed a significant attenuation of deviance detection (~104.7%) in rats subchronically exposed to phencyclidine, while no change was observed in APP/PS1 transgenic mice when compared to wild type. This study provides new insight into the cross-disease evaluation of the MMN response. Our findings suggest further investigations to support the identification of neurobehavioral subtypes that may help patients clustering for precision medicine intervention. Furthermore, we provide evidence that MMN could be used as a quantitative/objective efficacy biomarker during both preclinical and clinical stages of SZ drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Loiodice
- Biotrial Pharmacology, 7-9 rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35042, Rennes, France.
| | - Wilhelmus H. Drinkenburg
- grid.419619.20000 0004 0623 0341Department of Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutical NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340, Beerse, Belgium ,grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 11103, 9700 CC, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Abdallah Ahnaou
- grid.419619.20000 0004 0623 0341Department of Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutical NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Andrew McCarthy
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH UK
| | - Geoffrey Viardot
- Biotrial Neuroscience, Avenue de Bruxelles, 68350 Didenheim, France
| | - Emilie Cayre
- Biotrial Pharmacology, 7-9 rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Bertrand Rion
- Biotrial Pharmacology, 7-9 rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35042 Rennes, France
| | | | - Marsel Mano
- Biotrial Neuroscience, Avenue de Bruxelles, 68350 Didenheim, France
| | | | | | - Martien J. Kas
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 11103, 9700 CC, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Danjou
- Biotrial Neuroscience, Avenue de Bruxelles, 68350 Didenheim, France
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31
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Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. Neural network dynamics underlying gamma synchronization deficits in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 107:110224. [PMID: 33340619 PMCID: PMC8631608 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-band (40-Hz) activity is critical for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks during sensory and cognitive processing. Patients with schizophrenia show selective reductions in the capacity to support synchronized gamma-band oscillations in response to auditory stimulation presented 40-Hz. Despite widespread application of this 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) as a translational electroencephalographic biomarker for therapeutic development for neuropsychiatric disorders, the spatiotemporal dynamics underlying the ASSR have not been fully characterized. In this study, a novel Granger causality analysis was applied to assess the propagation of gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz steady-state stimulation across cortical sources in schizophrenia patients (n = 426) and healthy comparison subjects (n = 293). Both groups showed multiple ASSR source interactions that were broadly distributed across brain regions. Schizophrenia patients showed distinct, hierarchically sequenced connectivity abnormalities. During the response onset interval, patients exhibited abnormal increased connectivity from the inferior frontal gyrus to the superior temporal gyrus, followed by decreased connectivity from the superior temporal to the middle cingulate gyrus. In the later portion of the ASSR response (300-500 ms), patients showed significantly increased connectivity from the superior temporal to the middle frontal gyrus followed by decreased connectivity from the left superior frontal gyrus to the right superior and middle frontal gyri. These findings highlight both the orchestration of distributed multiple sources in response to simple gamma-frequency stimulation in healthy subjects as well as the patterns of deficits in the generation and maintenance of gamma-band oscillations across the temporo-frontal sources in schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0559, USA.
| | - Yash B. Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Juan L. Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - David L. Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Neal R. Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA
| | - Gregory A. Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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32
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Koshiyama D, Thomas ML, Miyakoshi M, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. Hierarchical Pathways from Sensory Processing to Cognitive, Clinical, and Functional Impairments in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:373-385. [PMID: 32856089 PMCID: PMC7965084 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a hallmark of schizophrenia and a robust predictor of functional outcomes. Impairments are found in all phases of the illness and are only moderately attenuated by currently approved therapeutics. Neurophysiological indices of sensory discrimination (ie, mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a amplitudes) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR; power and phase locking) are translational biomarkers widely used in the development of novel therapeutics for neuropsychiatric disorders. It is unclear whether laboratory-based EEG measures add explanatory power to well-established models that use only cognitive, clinical, and functional outcome measures. Moreover, it is unclear if measures of sensory discrimination and gamma-band ASSR uniquely contribute to putative causal pathways linking sensory discrimination, neurocognition, negative symptoms, and functional outcomes in schizophrenia. To answer these questions, hierarchical associations among sensory processing, neurocognition, clinical symptoms, and functional outcomes were assessed via structural equation modeling in a large sample of schizophrenia patients (n = 695) and healthy comparison subjects (n = 503). The results showed that the neurophysiologic indices of sensory discrimination and gamma-band ASSR both significantly contribute to and yield unique hierarchical, "bottom-up" effects on neurocognition, symptoms, and functioning. Measures of sensory discrimination showed direct effects on neurocognition and negative symptoms, while gamma-band ASSR had a direct effect on neurocognition in patients. Continued investigation of the neural mechanisms underlying abnormal networks of MMN/P3a and gamma-band ASSR is needed to clarify the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Michael L Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Neal R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
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33
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Neklyudova AK, Portnova GV, Rebreikina AB, Voinova VY, Vorsanova SG, Iourov IY, Sysoeva OV. 40-Hz Auditory Steady-State Response (ASSR) as a Biomarker of Genetic Defects in the SHANK3 Gene: A Case Report of 15-Year-Old Girl with a Rare Partial SHANK3 Duplication. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041898. [PMID: 33673024 PMCID: PMC7917917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
SHANK3 encodes a scaffold protein involved in postsynaptic receptor density in glutamatergic synapses, including those in the parvalbumin (PV)+ inhibitory neurons—the key players in the generation of sensory gamma oscillations, such as 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR). However, 40-Hz ASSR was not studied in relation to SHANK3 functioning. Here, we present a 15-year-old girl (SH01) with previously unreported duplication of the first seven exons of the SHANK3 gene (22q13.33). SH01’s electroencephalogram (EEG) during 40-Hz click trains of 500 ms duration binaurally presented with inter-trial intervals of 500–800 ms were compared with those from typically developing children (n = 32). SH01 was diagnosed with mild mental retardation and learning disabilities (F70.88), dysgraphia, dyslexia, and smaller vocabulary than typically developing (TD) peers. Her clinical phenotype resembled the phenotype of previously described patients with 22q13.33 microduplications (≈30 reported so far). SH01 had mild autistic symptoms but below the threshold for ASD diagnosis and microcephaly. No seizures or MRI abnormalities were reported. While SH01 had relatively preserved auditory event-related potential (ERP) with slightly attenuated P1, her 40-Hz ASSR was totally absent significantly deviating from TD’s ASSR. The absence of 40-Hz ASSR in patients with microduplication, which affected the SHANK3 gene, indicates deficient temporal resolution of the auditory system, which might underlie language problems and represent a neurophysiological biomarker of SHANK3 abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia K. Neklyudova
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, 117485 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.N.); (G.V.P.); (A.B.R.)
| | - Galina V. Portnova
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, 117485 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.N.); (G.V.P.); (A.B.R.)
| | - Anna B. Rebreikina
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, 117485 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.N.); (G.V.P.); (A.B.R.)
| | - Victoria Yu Voinova
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (V.Y.V.); (S.G.V.); (I.Y.I.)
- Mental Health Research Center, 117152 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana G. Vorsanova
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (V.Y.V.); (S.G.V.); (I.Y.I.)
- Mental Health Research Center, 117152 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Y. Iourov
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (V.Y.V.); (S.G.V.); (I.Y.I.)
- Mental Health Research Center, 117152 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V. Sysoeva
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, 117485 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.N.); (G.V.P.); (A.B.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Thomas ML, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. Unique contributions of sensory discrimination and gamma synchronization deficits to cognitive, clinical, and psychosocial functional impairments in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2021; 228:280-287. [PMID: 33493776 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia patients show widespread deficits in neurocognitive, clinical, and psychosocial functioning. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are robust translational biomarkers associated with schizophrenia and associated with cognitive dysfunction, negative symptom severity, and psychosocial disability. Although these biomarkers are conceptually linked as measures of early auditory information processing, it is unclear whether MMN and gamma-band ASSR account for shared vs. non-shared variance in cognitive, clinical, and psychosocial functioning. METHODS Multiple regression analyses with MMN, gamma-band ASSR, and clinical measures were performed in large cohorts of schizophrenia outpatients (N = 428) and healthy comparison subjects (N = 283). RESULTS Reduced MMN (d = 0.67), gamma-band ASSR (d = -0.40), and lower cognitive function were confirmed in schizophrenia patients. Regression analyses revealed that reduced MMN amplitude showed unique associations with lower verbal learning and negative symptoms, reduced gamma-band ASSR showed a unique association with working memory deficits, and both reduced MMN amplitude and reduced gamma-band ASSR showed an association with daily functioning impairment in schizophrenia patients. CONCLUSION MMN and ASSR measures are non-redundant and complementary measures of early auditory information processing that are associated with important domains of functioning. Studies are needed to clarify the neural substrates of MMN and gamma-band ASSR to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and accelerate their use in the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael L Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Neal R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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35
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Sources of the frontocentral mismatch negativity and P3a responses in schizophrenia patients and healthy comparison subjects. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 161:76-85. [PMID: 33453303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a are event-related potential measures of early auditory information processing that are increasingly used as translational biomarkers in the development of treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders. These responses are reduced in schizophrenia patients over the frontocentral scalp electrodes and are associated with important domains of cognitive and psychosocial functioning. While MMN and P3a responses are generated by a dynamic network of cortical sources distributed across the temporal and frontal brain regions, it is not clear how these sources independently contribute to MMN and P3a at the primary frontocentral scalp electrode or to abnormalities observed in schizophrenia. This study aimed to determine the independent source contributions and characterize the magnitude of impairment in source-level MMN and P3a responses in schizophrenia patients. METHODS A novel method was applied to back-project the contributions of 11 independent cortical source components to Fz, the primary scalp sensor that is used in clinical studies, in n = 589 schizophrenia patients and n = 449 healthy comparison subjects. RESULTS The groups showed comparable individual source contributions underlying both MMN and P3a responses at Fz. Source-level responses revealed an increasing magnitude of impairment in schizophrenia patients from the temporal to more frontal sources. CONCLUSIONS Schizophrenia patients have a normal architecture of source contributions that are accompanied by widespread abnormalities in source resolved mismatch and P3a responses, with more prominent deficits detected from the frontal sources. Quantification of source contributions and source-level responses accelerates clarification of the neural networks underlying MMN reduction at Fz in schizophrenia patients.
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Loureiro CM, da Roza DL, Corsi-Zuelli F, Shuhama R, Fachim HA, Simões-Ambrosio LMC, Deminice R, Jordão AA, Menezes PR, Del-Ben CM, Louzada-Junior P. Plasma amino acids profile in first-episode psychosis, unaffected siblings and community-based controls. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21423. [PMID: 33293633 PMCID: PMC7722891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78559-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations of plasma amino acids in early psychosis and their unaffected siblings are rare. We measured plasma amino acids involved in the co-activation of dopaminergic, GABAergic, glutamatergic, and serotoninergic neurotransmitters in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients (n = 166), unaffected siblings (n = 76), and community-based controls (n = 166) included in a cross-sectional study. Plasma levels of glutamic acid (GLU), glutamine, glycine, proline (PRO), tryptophan (TRP), tyrosine, serine and GABA were quantified by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry. We used the generalized linear model adjusted by sex, age, and body mass index for group comparison and paired t-test for FEP-Sibling pairs. FEP had reduced GABA plasma levels compared to siblings and controls (p < 0.05 for both). Siblings had lower GLU, Glx and PRO (p < 0.05 for all) but increased TRP compared to patients and controls (p < 0.05 for both). FEP patients with longer duration of pharmacological treatment and medicated only with antipsychotics had increased GLU compared to FEP with shorter periods, or with those treated with a combination of medications (p < 0.05 for both). Finally, FEP patients treated only with antipsychotics presented higher Glx compared to those with mixed medications (p = 0.026). Our study suggests that FEP have low a GABA plasma profile. Unaffected siblings may be a possible risk group for metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Marcelino Loureiro
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, CEP: 14049-900, Brazil. .,Population Mental Health Research Centre, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Daiane Leite da Roza
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences and Behaviour, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Corsi-Zuelli
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences and Behaviour, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rosana Shuhama
- Population Mental Health Research Centre, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences and Behaviour, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Lívia Maria Cordeiro Simões-Ambrosio
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.,Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rafael Deminice
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Alceu Afonso Jordão
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Paulo Rossi Menezes
- Population Mental Health Research Centre, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Marta Del-Ben
- Population Mental Health Research Centre, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences and Behaviour, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Paulo Louzada-Junior
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.,Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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37
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Lepock JR, Ahmed S, Mizrahi R, Gerritsen CJ, Maheandiran M, Drvaric L, Bagby RM, Korostil M, Light GA, Kiang M. Relationships between cognitive event-related brain potential measures in patients at clinical high risk for psychosis. Schizophr Res 2020; 226:84-94. [PMID: 30683525 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurophysiological measures of cognitive functioning that are abnormal in patients with schizophrenia are promising candidate biomarkers for predicting development of psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR). We examined the relationships among event-related brain potential (ERP) measures of early sensory, pre-attentional, and attention-dependent cognition, in antipsychotic-naïve help-seeking CHR patients (n = 36) and healthy control participants (n = 22). These measures included the gamma auditory steady-state response (ASSR; early sensory); mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a (pre-attentional); and N400 semantic priming effects - a measure of using meaningful context to predict related items - over a shorter and a longer time interval (attention-dependent). Compared to controls, CHR patients had significantly smaller P3a amplitudes (d = 0.62, p = 0.03) and N400 priming effects over the long interval (d = 0.64, p = 0.02). In CHR patients, gamma ASSR evoked power and phase-locking factor were correlated (r = 0.41, p = 0.03). Reductions in mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a amplitudes were also correlated (r = -0.36, p = 0.04). Moreover, lower gamma ASSR evoked power correlated with smaller MMN amplitudes (r = -0.45, p = 0.02). MMN amplitude reduction was also associated with reduced N400 semantic priming over the shorter but not the longer interval (r = 0.52, p < 0.002). This pattern of results suggests that, in a subset of CHR patients, impairment in pre-attentional measures of early information processing may contribute to deficits in attention-dependent cognition involving rapid, more automatic processing, but may be independent from pathological processes affecting more controlled or strategic processing. Thus, combining neurophysiological indices of cognitive deficits in different domains offers promise for improving their predictive power as prognostic biomarkers of clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Lepock
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Ahmed
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cory J Gerritsen
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Lauren Drvaric
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Michael Bagby
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michele Korostil
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Michael Kiang
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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38
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Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. A distributed frontotemporal network underlies gamma-band synchronization impairments in schizophrenia patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:2198-2206. [PMID: 32829382 PMCID: PMC7784692 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic interactions between parvalbumin-positive γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneurons and pyramidal neurons evoke cortical gamma oscillations, which are known to be abnormal in schizophrenia. These cortical gamma oscillations can be indexed by the gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR), a robust electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarker that is increasingly used to advance the development of novel therapeutics for schizophrenia, and other related brain disorders. Despite promise of ASSR, the neural substrates of ASSR have not yet been characterized. This study investigated the sources underlying ASSR in healthy subjects and schizophrenia patients. In this study, a novel method for noninvasively characterizing source locations was developed and applied to EEG recordings obtained from 293 healthy subjects and 427 schizophrenia patients who underwent ASSR testing. Results revealed a distributed network of temporal and frontal sources in both healthy subjects and schizophrenia patients. In both groups, primary contributing ASSR sources were identified in the right superior temporal cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex. In conjunction with normal activity in these areas, schizophrenia patients showed significantly reduced source dipole density of gamma-band ASSR (ITC > 0.25) in the left superior temporal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and left superior frontal cortex. In conclusion, a distributed network of temporal and frontal brain regions supports gamma phase synchronization. We demonstrated that failure to mount a coherent physiologic response to simple 40-Hz stimulation reflects disorganized network function in schizophrenia patients. Future translational studies are needed to more fully understand the neural mechanisms underlying gamma-band ASSR network abnormalities in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Neal R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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39
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Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Thomas ML, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Nungaray JA, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. Auditory-Based Cognitive Training Drives Short- and Long-Term Plasticity in Cortical Networks in Schizophrenia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Schizophrenia patients have widespread deficits in neurocognitive functioning linked to underlying abnormalities in gamma oscillations that are readily measured by the 40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR). Emerging interventions such as auditory-based targeted cognitive training (TCT) improve neurocognitive function in patients. While acute ASSR changes after 1 hour of TCT predict clinical and cognitive gains after a 30-hour course of TCT, the neural substrates of underlying short- and long-term TCT interventions are unknown. To determine the neural substrates underlying TCT-associated ASSR changes, a novel data analysis method was applied to assess the effective connectivity of gamma-band ASSR among estimated cortical sources. In this study, schizophrenia patients (N = 52) were randomized to receive either a treatment as usual (TAU; N = 22) or TAU augmented with TCT (N = 30). EEG recordings were obtained immediately before (T0) and after 1 hour of either computer games (TAU) or cognitive training (TCT; T1), and at 65 ± 15 days (mean ± SD) post-randomization (T2). Results showed increased connectivity from the left ventral middle cingulate gyrus to the left posterior cingulate gyrus, accompanied by decreased connectivity from the left Rolandic operculum (a region that includes auditory cortex) to the right ventral middle cingulate gyrus after 1 hour of TCT. After 30 hours, decreased connectivity from the frontal cortex to a region near the calcarine sulcus were detected. Auditory-based cognitive training drives short- and long-term plasticity in cortical network functioning in schizophrenia patients. These findings may help us understand the mechanisms underlying cognitive training effects in schizophrenia patients and enhance the development of pro-cognitive therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Michael L Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - John A Nungaray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Neal R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
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40
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Perkins DO, Jeffries CD, Do KQ. Potential Roles of Redox Dysregulation in the Development of Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:326-336. [PMID: 32560962 PMCID: PMC7395886 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Converging evidence implicates redox dysregulation as a pathological mechanism driving the emergence of psychosis. Increased oxidative damage and decreased capacity of intracellular redox modulatory systems are consistent findings in persons with schizophrenia as well as in persons at clinical high risk who subsequently developed frank psychosis. Levels of glutathione, a key regulator of cellular redox status, are reduced in the medial prefrontal cortex, striatum, and thalamus in schizophrenia. In humans with schizophrenia and in rodent models recapitulating various features of schizophrenia, redox dysregulation is linked to reductions of parvalbumin containing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneurons and volumes of their perineuronal nets, white matter abnormalities, and microglia activation. Importantly, the activity of transcription factors, kinases, and phosphatases regulating diverse aspects of neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity varies according to cellular redox state. Molecules regulating interneuron function under redox control include NMDA receptor subunits GluN1 and GluN2A as well as KEAP1 (regulator of transcription factor NRF2). In a rodent schizophrenia model characterized by impaired glutathione synthesis, the Gclm knockout mouse, oxidative stress activated MMP9 (matrix metalloprotease 9) via its redox-responsive regulatory sites, causing a cascade of molecular events leading to microglia activation, perineural net degradation, and impaired NMDA receptor function. Molecular pathways under redox control are implicated in the etiopathology of schizophrenia and are attractive drug targets for individualized drug therapy trials in the contexts of prevention and treatment of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana O. Perkins
- corresponding author: CB 7160, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, Office: 919-962-1401, Cell: 919-360-1602,
| | - Clark D. Jeffries
- Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC
| | - Kim Q. Do
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital-CHUV, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
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41
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Del Re EC, Maekawa T, Mesholam-Gately RI, Wojcik J, Seidman LJ, McCarley RW, Niznikiewicz MA. Abnormal Frequency Mismatch Negativity in Early Psychosis Outpatient Subjects. Clin EEG Neurosci 2020; 51:207-214. [PMID: 31826666 DOI: 10.1177/1550059419886691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Abnormalities of mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related potential, indexing preattentive mechanisms, are consistently reported in schizophrenia (SZ). MMN abnormalities elicited to different deviant types have been recently shown to distinguish among patients according to length of their illness as well as inpatient versus outpatient status, and to be modulated by premorbid IQ. The objective of this study was to evaluate the MMN elicited by both frequency and duration deviant stimuli in patients with early schizophrenia (EP) recruited from an outpatient clinic in Boston, Massachusetts. Methods. Twenty-two healthy controls (HC) and 22 age-, handedness-, and gender-matched EP were tested using a frequency and duration MMN paradigm. Clinical data were also collected. Results. Frequency MMN amplitude but not duration MMN was significantly reduced in EP relative to HC subjects (P = .015). Conclusions. These results indicate that in this sample of early psychosis outpatient group, reductions in frequency MMN but not in duration MMN index clinical status. The relationship between age at first hospitalization and MMN frequency and duration amplitude and latency indicates that neurodevelopmental stage, auditory function, and clinical status are tightly linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta C Del Re
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Toshihiko Maekawa
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Raquelle I Mesholam-Gately
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanne Wojcik
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Larry J Seidman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert W McCarley
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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42
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Griskova-Bulanova I, Sveistyte K, Bjekic J. Neuromodulation of Gamma-Range Auditory Steady-State Responses: A Scoping Review of Brain Stimulation Studies. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:41. [PMID: 32714158 PMCID: PMC7344212 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural oscillations represent a fundamental mechanism that enables coordinated action during normal brain functioning. Auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) are used to test the ability to generate gamma-range activity. Different non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have the potential to modulate neural activation patterns that are aberrant in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge on how different methods of NIBS (transcranial altering current stimulation—tACS, transcranial direct current stimulation—tDCS, transcranial random noise stimulation—tRNS, paired associative stimulation—PAS, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation—rTMS) affect the gamma-range ASSRs in both healthy and clinical populations. We show that the current research has been far from systematic and methodologically heterogeneous. Nevertheless, some brain stimulation techniques, especially tACS and rTMS show strong potential for further exploration. We outline the main findings and provide directions for further research into neuromodulation of ASSRs as a promising biomarker of different psychopathological conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristina Sveistyte
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jovana Bjekic
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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43
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Abnormal Effective Connectivity Underlying Auditory Mismatch Negativity Impairments in Schizophrenia. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 5:1028-1039. [PMID: 32830097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) is a translatable event-related potential biomarker, and its reduction in schizophrenia is associated with the severity of clinical symptoms. While MMN recorded at the scalp is generated by a distributed network of temporofrontal neural sources, the primary contributing sources and the dynamic interactions among sources underlying MMN impairments in schizophrenia have not been previously characterized. METHODS A novel data-driven analytic framework was applied to large cohorts of healthy comparison subjects (n = 449) and patients with schizophrenia (n = 589) to identify the independent contributing sources of MMN, characterize the patterns of effective connectivity underlying reduced MMN in patients, and explore the clinical significance of these abnormal source dynamics in schizophrenia. RESULTS A network of 11 independent contributing sources underlying MMN distributed across temporofrontal cortices was identified. Orderly shifts in peak source activity were detected in a steplike manner, starting at temporal structures and progressing across frontal brain regions. MMN reduction in patients was predominantly associated with reduced contributions from 3 frontal midline sources: orbitofrontal, anterior cingulate, and middle cingulate cortices. Patients showed increased connectivity from temporal to prefrontal regions in conjunction with decreased cross-hemispheric connectivity to prefrontal regions. The decreased connectivity strength of precentral to prefrontal regions in patients with schizophrenia was associated with greater severity of negative symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in the dynamic interactions among temporofrontal sources underlie MMN abnormalities in schizophrenia. These results advance our understanding of the neural substrates and temporal dynamics of normal and impaired information processing with novel applications for translatable biomarkers of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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44
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Borisova AB, Lisitsyna TA, Veltishchev DY, Reshetnyak TM, Seravina OF, Kovalevskaya OB, Krasnov VN, Nasonov EL. [Mental disorders and cognitive impairment in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2020; 92:92-103. [PMID: 32598781 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.05.000625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mental disorders (mainly anxiety and depressive disorders) and cognitive impairment are often found in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), but their prevalence, structure, and mechanisms of occurrence are not well researched. The review provides literature data on the frequency, spectrum and possible causes of mental disorders and cognitive impairment in patients with APS, the pathogenetic mechanisms of these disorders (in particular, the important role of antiphospholipid antibodies, stress factors, chronic inflammation), the relationship between APS, mental disorders and as well as cognitive impairment is examined. Special attention is paid to the influence of mental disorders and cognitive impairment on patients adherence to treatment, their quality of life, as well as the particularities of psychopharmacotherapy of mental disorders in patients with APS. The aim of the review is to actualize the interdisciplinary problem of mental disorders and cognitive impairment in patients with APS and the need to introduce a partnership model of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Borisova
- Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - branch of Serbskiy National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Addiction
| | | | - D Y Veltishchev
- Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - branch of Serbskiy National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Addiction.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
| | - T M Reshetnyak
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.,Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
| | - O F Seravina
- Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - branch of Serbskiy National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Addiction
| | - O B Kovalevskaya
- Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - branch of Serbskiy National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Addiction
| | - V N Krasnov
- Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry - branch of Serbskiy National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Addiction.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
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45
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Tada M, Suda Y, Kirihara K, Koshiyama D, Fujioka M, Usui K, Araki T, Kasai K, Uka T. Translatability of Scalp EEG Recordings of Duration-Deviant Mismatch Negativity Between Macaques and Humans: A Pilot Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:874. [PMID: 33005162 PMCID: PMC7479845 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a negative deflection of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) elicited by an abrupt change in a sound presented repeatedly. In patients with schizophrenia, MMN is consistently reduced, which makes it a promising biomarker. A non-human primate (NHP) model of MMN based on scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings can provide a useful translational tool, given the high structural homology of the prefrontal and auditory cortices between NHPs, such as macaques, and humans. However, in previous MMN studies, the NHP models used did not allow for comparison with humans because of differences in task settings. Moreover, duration-deviant MMN (dMMN), whose reduction is larger than that in the frequency-deviant MMN (fMMN) in patients with schizophrenia, has never been demonstrated in NHP models. In this study, we determined whether dMMN can be observed in macaque scalp EEG recordings. EEGs were recorded from frontal electrodes (Fz) in two Japanese macaques. Consistent with clinical settings, auditory stimuli consisted of two pure tones, a standard and a deviant tone, in an oddball paradigm. The deviant and standard tones differed in duration (50 and 100 ms for the standard and deviant tones, respectively). A robust dMMN with a latency of around 200 ms, comparable to that in humans, was observed in both monkeys. A comparison with fMMN showed that the dMMN latency was the longer of the two. By bridging the gap between basic and clinical research, our results will contribute to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN), Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Suda
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medical, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mao Fujioka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Usui
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN), Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Uka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medical, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Japan
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46
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Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Sprock J, Braff DL, Light GA. Neurophysiologic Characterization of Resting State Connectivity Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Patients. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:608154. [PMID: 33329160 PMCID: PMC7729083 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.608154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with schizophrenia show abnormal spontaneous oscillatory activity in scalp-level electroencephalographic (EEG) responses across multiple frequency bands. While oscillations play an essential role in the transmission of information across neural networks, few studies have assessed the frequency-specific dynamics across cortical source networks at rest. Identification of the neural sources and their dynamic interactions may improve our understanding of core pathophysiologic abnormalities associated with the neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods: A novel multivector autoregressive modeling approach for assessing effective connectivity among cortical sources was developed and applied to resting-state EEG recordings obtained from n = 139 schizophrenia patients and n = 126 healthy comparison subjects. Results: Two primary abnormalities in resting-state networks were detected in schizophrenia patients. The first network involved the middle frontal and fusiform gyri and a region near the calcarine sulcus. The second network involved the cingulate gyrus and the Rolandic operculum (a region that includes the auditory cortex). Conclusions: Schizophrenia patients show widespread patterns of hyper-connectivity across a distributed network of the frontal, temporal, and occipital brain regions. Results highlight a novel approach for characterizing alterations in connectivity in the neuropsychiatric patient populations. Further mechanistic characterization of network functioning is needed to clarify the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
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47
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Murphy N, Ramakrishnan N, Walker CP, Polizzotto NR, Cho RY. Intact Auditory Cortical Cross-Frequency Coupling in Early and Chronic Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:507. [PMID: 32581881 PMCID: PMC7287164 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work has identified a hierarchical organization of neural oscillations that supports performance of complex cognitive and perceptual tasks, and can be indexed with phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between low- and high-frequency oscillations. Our aim was to employ enhanced source localization afforded by magnetoencephalography (MEG) to expand on earlier reports of intact auditory cortical PAC in schizophrenia and to investigate how PAC may evolve over the early and chronic phases of the illness. METHODS Individuals with early schizophrenia (n=12) (≤5 years of illness duration), chronic schizophrenia (n=16) (>5 years of illness duration) and healthy comparators (n = 17) performed the auditory steady state response (ASSR) to 40, 30, and 20 Hz stimuli during MEG recordings. We estimated amplitude and PAC on the MEG ASSR source localized to the auditory cortices. RESULTS Gamma amplitude during 40-Hz ASSR exhibited a significant group by hemisphere interaction, with both patient groups showing reduced right hemisphere amplitude and no overall lateralization in contrast to the right hemisphere lateralization demonstrated in controls. We found significant PAC in the right auditory cortex during the 40-Hz entrainment condition relative to baseline, however, PAC did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, we demonstrated an apparent sparing of ASSR-related PAC across phases of the illness, in contrast with impaired cortical gamma oscillation amplitudes. The distinction between our PAC and evoked ASSR findings supports the notion of separate but interacting circuits for the generation and maintenance of sensory gamma oscillations. The apparent sparing of PAC in both early and chronic schizophrenia patients could imply that the neuropathology of schizophrenia differentially affects these mechanisms across different stages of the disease. Future studies should investigate the distinction between PAC during passive tasks and more cognitively demanding task such as working memory so that we can begin to understand the influence of schizophrenia neuropathology on the larger framework for modulating neurocomputational capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Murphy
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nithya Ramakrishnan
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christopher P Walker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nicola R Polizzotto
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Raymond Y Cho
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, United States
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48
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Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Koshiyama D, Miyakoshi M, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Sprock J, Braff DL, Light GA. Abnormal Spontaneous Gamma Power Is Associated With Verbal Learning and Memory Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:832. [PMID: 33110410 PMCID: PMC7488980 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive deficits across multiple domains, including verbal memory, working memory, and executive function, which substantially contribute to psychosocial disability. Gamma oscillations are associated with a wide range of cognitive operations, and are important for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks. While previous reports have shown that schizophrenia patients have selective impairments in the ability to support gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz auditory stimulation, it is unclear if patients show abnormalities in gamma power at rest, or whether resting-state activity in other frequency bands is associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients. METHODS Resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) was assessed over 3 min in 145 healthy comparison subjects and 157 schizophrenia patients. Single-word reading ability was measured via the reading subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT). Auditory attention and working memory were evaluated using Letter-Number Span and Letter-Number Sequencing. Executive function was assessed via perseverative responses on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Verbal learning performance was measured using the California Verbal Learning Test second edition (CVLT-II). RESULTS Schizophrenia patients showed normal levels of delta-band power but abnormally elevated EEG power in theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands. An exploratory correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation of gamma-band power and verbal learning performance in schizophrenia patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients with schizophrenia have abnormal resting-state EEG power across multiple frequency bands; gamma-band abnormalities were selectively and negatively associated with impairments in verbal learning. Resting-state gamma-band EEG power may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction and developing novel therapeutics in schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Tanaka-Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Division of Law and Psychiatry, Center for Forensic Mental Health, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
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49
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Yang P, Li L, Xia S, Zhou B, Zhu Y, Zhou G, Tu E, Huang T, Huang H, Li F. Effect of Clozapine on Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis With Psychiatric Symptoms: A Series of Three Cases. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:315. [PMID: 31024238 PMCID: PMC6465601 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The main clinical manifestations of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis are acute or subacute seizures, cognition impairment, and psychiatric symptoms. Nowadays, the scheme of antipsychotic therapy for this disease has not been established. This study reports three cases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis with psychiatric symptoms. The anti-NMDAR antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum were positive. The psychiatric symptoms still existed after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment; thus, clozapine was used for antipsychotic therapy. Case 1 was a 37-year-old man who suffered from bad mood and suicide behaviors for 1 month. Hallucination and delusion still existed after IVIG treatment and hormone therapy, and the symptoms were relieved when given clozapine for 12 months. Case 2 was a 28-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital due to injuring other people and destructive behaviors for 2 days. He showed irritability, bad temper, declined cognition, and severe delusion of persecution after IVIG treatment and hormone therapy, but the psychiatric symptoms disappeared when given clozapine for 3 months. Case 3 was a 23-year-old man who suffered from headache and babbing for 7 days. Symptoms such as irritability, bad temper, babbing, and injuring other people still existed after IVIG treatment and hormone therapy, but they disappeared when given clozapine for 2 months. Therefore, we suggest that during the treatment of anti-NMDAR encephalitis with psychiatric symptoms, if the anti-NMDAR antibodies in CSF and serum were positive, and psychiatric symptoms could not be controlled after IVIG and hormone therapy, clozapine may work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuaishuai Xia
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoya Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Erwen Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Tianhao Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyong Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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