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Mohammadi K, Sleeman MW, Boyapati A, Bigdelou P, Geba GP, Fazio S. Effect of IL-6R blockade on plasma lipids and clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100568. [PMID: 38795859 PMCID: PMC11237931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasma lipid levels are modulated by systemic infection and inflammation; it is unknown whether these changes reflect inflammatory responses or caused directly by pathogen presence. We explored the hypothesis that anti-inflammatory intervention via interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R) blockade would influence plasma lipid levels during severe infection and evaluated the association of plasma lipid changes with clinical outcomes. Sarilumab (monoclonal antibody blocking IL-6R) efficacy was previously assessed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (NCT04315298). This analysis determined whether strong inflammatory reduction by sarilumab in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia of increasing severity (severe, critical, multisystem organ dysfunction) affected plasma lipid changes between day 1 and day 7 of study therapy. Baseline lipid levels reflected the presence of acute systemic infection, characterized by very low HDL-C, low LDL-C, and moderately elevated triglycerides (TGs). Disease severity was associated with progressively more abnormal lipid levels. At day 7, median lipid levels increased more in the sarilumab versus placebo group (HDL-C +10.3%, LDL-C +54.7%, TG +32% vs. HDL-C +1.7%, LDL-C +15.4%, TG +8.8%, respectively). No significant association between lipid changes and clinical outcomes was observed. In conclusion, severe-to-critical COVID-19 pneumonia causes profound HDL-C depression that is only modestly responsive to strong anti-IL-6R inflammatory intervention. Conversely, LDL-C depression is strongly responsive to IL-6R blockade, with LDL-C levels likely returning to the predisease set point. These results advance our understanding of the complex relationship between serum lipids and infection/inflammation and suggest that HDL-C depression during acute contagious disease is driven by infection and not IL-6-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sergio Fazio
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA.
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2
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Waqas M, Ullah S, Halim SA, Rehman NU, Ali A, Jan A, Muhsinah AB, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Targeting papain-like protease by natural products as novel therapeutic potential SARS-CoV-2. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128812. [PMID: 38114011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The highly infectious respiratory illness 'COVID-19' was caused by SARS-CoV-2 and is responsible for millions of deaths. SARS-single-stranded viral RNA genome encodes several structural and nonstructural proteins, including papain-like protease (PLpro), which is essential for viral replication and immune evasion and serve as a potential therapeutic target. Multiple computational techniques were used to search the natural compounds that may block the protease and deubiquitinase activities of PLpro. Five compounds showed strong interactions and binding energy (ranges between -8.18 to -8.69 Kcal/mol) in our in-silico studies. Interestingly, those molecules strongly bind in the PLpro active site and form a stable complex, as shown by microscale molecular dynamic simulations (MD). The dynamic movements indicate that PLpro acquires closed conformation by the attachment of these molecules, thereby changing its normal function. In the in-vitro evaluation, compound COMP4 showed the most potent inhibitory potential for PLpro (protease activity: 2.24 ± 0.17 μM and deubiquitinase activity: 1.43 ± 0.14 μM), followed by COMP1, 2, 3, and 5. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of COMP1-COMP5 on a human BJ cell line revealed that these compounds demonstrate negligible cytotoxicity at a dosage of 30 μM. The results suggest that these entities bear therapeutic efficacy for SARS-CoV-2 PLpro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 2100, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 2100, Pakistan.
| | - Afnan Jan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman.
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3
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Du J, Tao C, Qi M, Hu B, Zhang Z. Rapid Determination of Positive-Negative Bacterial Infection Based on Micro-Hyperspectral Technology. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:507. [PMID: 38257600 PMCID: PMC10819062 DOI: 10.3390/s24020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
To meet the demand for rapid bacterial detection in clinical practice, this study proposed a joint determination model based on spectral database matching combined with a deep learning model for the determination of positive-negative bacterial infection in directly smeared urine samples. Based on a dataset of 8124 urine samples, a standard hyperspectral database of common bacteria and impurities was established. This database, combined with an automated single-target extraction, was used to perform spectral matching for single bacterial targets in directly smeared data. To address the multi-scale features and the need for the rapid analysis of directly smeared data, a multi-scale buffered convolutional neural network, MBNet, was introduced, which included three convolutional combination units and four buffer units to extract the spectral features of directly smeared data from different dimensions. The focus was on studying the differences in spectral features between positive and negative bacterial infection, as well as the temporal correlation between positive-negative determination and short-term cultivation. The experimental results demonstrate that the joint determination model achieved an accuracy of 97.29%, a Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 97.17%, and a Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 97.60% in the directly smeared urine dataset. This result outperformed the single MBNet model, indicating the effectiveness of the multi-scale buffered architecture for global and large-scale features of directly smeared data, as well as the high sensitivity of spectral database matching for single bacterial targets. The rapid determination solution of the whole process, which combines directly smeared sample preparation, joint determination model, and software analysis integration, can provide a preliminary report of bacterial infection within 10 min, and it is expected to become a powerful supplement to the existing technologies of rapid bacterial detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology CAS, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (J.D.)
- Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Spectroscopy, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Chenglong Tao
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology CAS, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (J.D.)
- Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Spectroscopy, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Meijie Qi
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology CAS, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (J.D.)
- Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Spectroscopy, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Bingliang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology CAS, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (J.D.)
- Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Spectroscopy, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Zhoufeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology CAS, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China; (J.D.)
- Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Spectroscopy, Xi’an 710119, China
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Chen R, Bao J, Huang X, Chen Q, Huang M, Gao M, Yu F, Chen J, Zou W, Shi L, Chen X, Feng B, Wang R, Feng B, Zheng S, Yu F. Comparison of "hock-a-loogie" saliva versus nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for detecting common respiratory pathogens. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20965. [PMID: 37867842 PMCID: PMC10587520 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-collection of saliva samples has attracted considerable attention in recent years, particularly during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. However, studies investigating the detection of other common respiratory pathogens in saliva samples are limited. In this study, nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS), oropharyngeal swabs (OPS), and "hock-a-loogie" saliva (HLS) were collected from 469 patients to detect 13 common respiratory pathogens. Overall positivity rates for NPS (66.1 %), HLS (63.5 %), and OPS (57.8 %) were statistically different (P = 0.028), with an overall concordance of 72.7 %. Additionally, detection rates for NPS (85.9 %) and HLS (83.2 %) for all pathogens were much higher than for OPS (73.3 %). Coronavirus and human rhinovirus were most frequently detected pathogens in NPS (P < 0.001). Mycoplasma pneumoniae was significantly more prevalent in the HLS group (P = 0.008). In conclusion, NPS was a reliable sample type for detecting common respiratory pathogens. HLS was more easily collected and can be used in emergencies or specific conditions. Mixed NPS/OPS and NPS/HLS specimens have the potential to improve detection rates, although OPS testing alone has a relatively high risk for missed detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renke Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianna Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maowen Huang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Fanghao Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, China
| | - Jiayao Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhoushan Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, China
| | - Weihua Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Lumei Shi
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baihuan Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shufa Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Lu Y, Liu YX, Wang Y, Oestreich R, Xu ZY, Zhang W, Hügenell P, Janiak C, Yang XY. A facile spray-pressing synthesis approach for reusable photothermal masks. iScience 2023; 26:107286. [PMID: 37520721 PMCID: PMC10374458 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain types of face masks are highly efficient in protecting humans from bacterial and viral pathogens, and growing concerns with high safety, low cost, and wide market suitability have accelerated the replacement of reusable face masks with disposable ones during the last decades. However, wearing these masks creates countless problems associated with personnel comfort as well as more significant issues related to the cost of fabrication, the generation of medical waste, and environmental contaminants. In this work, we present a facile spray-pressing technique for the production of P-masks with a potential scale-up prospect by adding a graphene layer on one side of meltblown fabric and a functional layer on the other side. In principle, this technique could be easily integrated into the present automatic mask production process and the masks have self-cleaning and/or self-sterilizing properties when it is exposed to solar or simulated solar irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Boulevard, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing & Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing & Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Robert Oestreich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zi-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing & Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing & Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Philipp Hügenell
- Division Thermal Systems and Buildings, Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstraße 2, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Boulevard, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Xiao-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing & Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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Awoke MA, Adane A, Assefa B, Getawa S, Legese GL, Yimer M. Hematological parameters and their predictive value for assessing disease severity in laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BLOOD RESEARCH 2023; 13:117-129. [PMID: 37736538 PMCID: PMC10509465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection has spread globally and caused a substantial amount of mortality and morbidity. Early detection of severe infections will improve care and reduce deaths. The use of hematological parameters in predicting COVID-19 disease severity, patient outcomes, and early risk stratification is limited. Therefore, the study was aimed at determining hematological parameters and their predictive value for assessing disease severity in laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients in Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital and Tibebe Ghion comprehensive specialized referral hospital on 253 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted between March 2021 and February 2022. Data were extracted, and entered into Epi-data 4.2.0.0, and analyzed using SPSS version 25 software. Hematological parameters were provided as the median and interquartile range (IQR). Categorical variables were represented by their frequency, and the χ2 test was applied to compare observed results with expected results. The receiver-operating curve (ROC) was used to establish the predictive value of hematological parameters for COVID-19 severity. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS On a total of 253 patients, there were 43.87% severe cases, with a mortality rate of 26.9%. The ROC analysis showed the optimal cutoff values for hematological parameters were ANC (3370), lymphocyte (680), NLR (9.34), PLR (290.77), platelets (332,000), and WBCs (4390.65). The area under the curve (AUC) values for NLR (0.679) and ANC (0.631) were high, with the highest sensitivity and specificity, and could potentially be used to predict COVID-19 severity. CONCLUSION This study proved that high NLR and high ANC have prognostic value for assessing disease severity in COVID-19. Thus, assessing and considering these hematological parameters when triaging COVID-19 patients may prevent complications and improve the patient's outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mezgebu Alemayehu Awoke
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarGondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ayinshet Adane
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarGondar, Ethiopia
| | - Belete Assefa
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarGondar, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Getawa
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarGondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gebrehiwot Lema Legese
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarGondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekonen Yimer
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarGondar, Ethiopia
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7
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Millward GG, Popelka SM, Gutierrez AG, Kowallis WJ, von Tersch RL, Yerramilli SV. A novel strategy to avoid sensitivity loss in pooled testing for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance: validation using nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1190308. [PMID: 37637813 PMCID: PMC10450028 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1190308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
At the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, pooled surveillance strategies were employed to alleviate the overwhelming demand for clinical testing facilities. A major drawback of most pooled-testing methods is the dilution of positive samples, which leads to a loss of detection sensitivity and the potential for false negatives. We developed a novel pooling strategy that compensates for the initial dilution with an appropriate concentration during nucleic acid extraction and real-time PCR. We demonstrated the proof of principle using laboratory-created 10-sample pools with one positive and corresponding individual positive samples by spiking a known amount of heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 into viral transport medium (VTM) or pooled negative saliva. No Ct difference was observed between a 10-sample pool with one positive vs. the corresponding individually analyzed positive sample by this method, suggesting that there is no detectable loss of sensitivity. We further validated this approach by using nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) specimens and showed that there is no loss of sensitivity. Serial dilutions of the virus were spiked into VTM and pooled with negative saliva in simulated 10-sample pools containing one positive to determine the LOD and process efficiency of this pooling methodology. The LOD of this approach was 10 copies/PCR, and the process efficiencies are ~95%-103% for N1 and ~87%-98% for N2 with samples in different matrices and with two different master mixes tested. Relative to TaqPath 1-step master mix, the TaqMan Fast Virus 1-Step master mix showed better sensitivity for the N2 assay, while the N1 assay showed no Ct difference. Our pooled testing strategy can facilitate large-scale, cost-effective SARS-CoV-2 surveillance screening and maintain the same level of sensitivity when analyzed individually or in a pool. This approach is highly relevant for public health surveillance efforts aimed at mitigating SARS-CoV-2 spread.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Subrahmanyam V. Yerramilli
- Emerging Biological Threats Branch, Molecular Biology Division, Laboratory Sciences, Defense Centers for Public Health - Aberdeen “Formerly the Army Public Health Center”, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Edgewood, MD, United States
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8
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Saleem J, Moghal ZKB, Shakoor RA, McKay G. Sustainable Solution for Plastic Pollution: Upcycling Waste Polypropylene Masks for Effective Oil-Spill Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12368. [PMID: 37569746 PMCID: PMC10419313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of Polypropylene PP in disposable items such as face masks, gloves, and personal protective equipment has increased exponentially during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, contributing significantly to microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment. Upcycling of waste PP provides a useful alternative to traditional thermal and mechanical recycling techniques. It transforms waste PP into useful products, minimizing its impact on the environment. Herein, we synthesized an oil-sorbent pouch using waste PP, which comprises superposed microporous and fibrous thin films of PP using spin coating. The pouch exhibited super-fast uptake kinetics and reached its saturation in fewer than five minutes with a high oil uptake value of 85 g/g. Moreover, it displayed high reusability and was found to be effective in absorbing oil up to seven times when mechanically squeezed between each cycle, demonstrating robust oil-sorption capabilities. This approach offers a potential solution for managing plastic waste while promoting a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Saleem
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar;
| | | | - Rana Abdul Shakoor
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (Z.K.B.M.); (R.A.S.)
| | - Gordon McKay
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar;
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Duraisamy M, Elancheziyan M, Eswaran M, Ganesan S, Ansari AA, Rajamanickam G, Lee SL, Tsai PC, Chen YH, Ponnusamy VK. Novel ruthenium-doped vanadium carbide/polymeric nanohybrid sensor for acetaminophen drug detection in human blood. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125329. [PMID: 37307970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of advanced electroactive catalysts enhances the performance of electrochemical biosensors in real-time biomonitoring and has received much attention owing to its excellent physicochemical and electrochemical possessions. In this work, a novel biosensor was developed based on the electrocatalytic activity of functionalized vanadium carbide (VC) material, including VC@ruthenium (Ru), VC@Ru-polyaniline nanoparticles (VC@Ru-PANI-NPs) as non-enzymatic nanocarriers for the fabrication of modified screen-printed electrode (SPE) to detect acetaminophen in human blood. As-prepared materials were characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS techniques. Biosensing was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques and has revealed imperative electrocatalytic activity. A quasi-reversible redox method of the over-potential of acetaminophen increased considerably compared with that at the modified electrode and the bare SPE. The excellent electrocatalytic behaviour of VC@Ru-PANI-NPs/SPE is attributed to its distinctive chemical and physical properties, including rapid electron transfer, striking ᴫ-ᴫ interface, and strong adsorptive capability. This electrochemical biosensor exhibits a detection limit of 0.024 μM, in a linear range of 0.1-382.72 μM with a reproducibility of 2.45 % relative standard deviation, and a good recovery from 96.69 % to 105.59 %, the acquired results ensure a better performance compared with previous reports. The enriched electrocatalytic activity of this developed biosensor is mainly credited to its high surface area, better electrical conductivity, synergistic effect, and abundant electroactive active sites. The real-world utility of the VC@Ru-PANI-NPs/SPE-based sensor was ensured via the investigation of biomonitoring of acetaminophen in human blood samples with satisfactory recoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Duraisamy
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; SSN Research Centre, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai 603110, India
| | - Mari Elancheziyan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Muthusankar Eswaran
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Sivarasan Ganesan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Anees A Ansari
- College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Siew Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India
| | - Yi-Hsun Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University (NSYSU), Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan.
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Liu Y, Qin Z, Zhou J, Jia X, Li H, Wang X, Chen Y, Sun Z, He X, Li H, Wang G, Chang H. Nano-biosensor for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 detection: methods, mechanism and interface design. RSC Adv 2023; 13:17883-17906. [PMID: 37323463 PMCID: PMC10262965 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02560h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was a huge disaster to human society. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which led to COVID-19, has resulted in a large number of deaths. Even though the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the most efficient method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, the disadvantages (such as long detection time, professional operators, expensive instruments, and laboratory equipment) limit its application. In this review, the different kinds of nano-biosensors based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), field-effect transistor (FET), fluorescence methods, and electrochemical methods are summarized, starting with a concise description of their sensing mechanism. The different bioprobes (such as ACE2, S protein-antibody, IgG antibody, IgM antibody, and SARS-CoV-2 DNA probes) with different bio-principles are introduced. The key structural components of the biosensors are briefly introduced to give readers an understanding of the principles behind the testing methods. In particular, SARS-CoV-2-related RNA mutation detection and its challenges are also briefly described. We hope that this review will encourage readers with different research backgrounds to design SARS-CoV-2 nano-biosensors with high selectivity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansheng Liu
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
- Quantum-Nano Matter and Device Lab, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei China
| | - Zhenle Qin
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Xiaobo Jia
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Hongli Li
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Yating Chen
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Zijun Sun
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Xiong He
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Hongda Li
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
- Quantum-Nano Matter and Device Lab, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei China
| | - Guofu Wang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China
| | - Haixin Chang
- Quantum-Nano Matter and Device Lab, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei China
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11
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Letafati A, Eyvazzadeh N, Gharehkhani A, Khorshidian A, Chalabiani S, Soufiani EK, Khakpoor N, Shamsodini B, Beheshti T, Bavili Olyaei RT, Soleimani A, Melyani F, Hossein GM. Comparison of AstraZeneca and sinopharm vaccines as boosters in protection against COVID-19 infection. Biologicals 2023; 82:101668. [PMID: 37004277 PMCID: PMC10008804 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2023.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the global number of confirmed cases rises past 640 million, vaccination remains the most effective measure in controlling COVID-19. Studies have shown that two doses of vaccination can significantly reduce hospitalization and mortality rates among patients, but the effectiveness of booster doses is also important. We aimed to evaluate the role played by the type of the 3rd dose of vaccination by comparing the safety and efficacy of two common vaccination histories differing only in the 3rd received dose. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on patients with respiratory symptoms suspected of having SARS-CoV-2 infection using Real-time PCR. We also collected information on the age, gender, and type of vaccine received for the third dose. RESULTS Out of 346 cases with respiratory symptoms, 120 cases tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and had received two doses of Sinopharm and a different booster dose of either AZD1222 (AstraZeneca) or BIBP (Sinopharm). Among these 120 patients, vaccination with AZD1222 as a booster dose resulted in fewer symptoms compared to those vaccinated with three doses of BIBP. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that booster doses can help reduce hospitalization and the severity of infection, and it appears that a combination of different vaccines may be effective against severe COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Letafati
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nooshin Eyvazzadeh
- Department of Medical Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Gharehkhani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Para Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayeh Khorshidian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
| | - Siavash Chalabiani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Qom, Qom, Iran
| | - Elnaz Khodadoust Soufiani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Para Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Khakpoor
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Benyamin Shamsodini
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Taranom Beheshti
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raha Taheri Bavili Olyaei
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Medical Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Anahita Soleimani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab University, Sarab, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Melyani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Para Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mashhadi Hossein
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Arak, Arak, Iran
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12
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Muluneh MD, Negash K, Tsegaye S, Abera Y, Tadesse D, Abebe S, Vaughan C, Stulz V. COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Vaccine Hesitancy in Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040774. [PMID: 37112686 PMCID: PMC10140841 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The current healthcare system’s efforts to reduce the spread of COVID-19 in Ethiopia and limit its effects on human lives are being hampered by hesitancy toward the COVID-19 vaccine. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge levels, attitudes, and prevention practices of COVID-19, in the context of the level of vaccine hesitancy with other associated factors in Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional design with mixed-method data sources was employed. It comprised 1361 study participants for the quantitative survey, with randomly selected study participants from the studied community. This was triangulated by a purposively selected sample of 47 key informant interviews and 12 focus group discussions. The study showed that 53.9%, 55.3%, and 44.5% of participants had comprehensive knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19 prevention and control, respectively. Similarly, 53.9% and 47.1% of study participants had adequate knowledge and favorable attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Only 29.0% of the total survey participants had been vaccinated with at least one dose of vaccine. Of the total study participants, 64.4% were hesitant about receiving the COVID-19 vaccination. The most frequently reported reasons were a lack of trust in the vaccine (21%), doubts regarding the long-term side effects (18.1%), and refusal on religious grounds (13.6%). After adjusting for other confounding factors, geographical living arrangements, the practices of COVID-19 prevention methods, attitudes about the vaccine, vaccination status, perceived community benefit, perceived barriers toward vaccination, and self-efficacy about receiving the vaccine were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy. Therefore, to improve vaccine coverage and reduce this high level of hesitancy, there should be specifically designed, culturally tailored health education materials and a high level of engagement from politicians, religious leaders, and other community members.
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13
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Frey R, Balmer D. The challenges for health professionals delivering palliative care in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic: An integrative review. Palliat Support Care 2023:1-13. [DOI: 10.1017/s1478951523000275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The growing demand for palliative care has been accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, providing community-based palliative care was also more difficult to do safely and faced several challenges. The goal of this integrative review was to identify, describe, and synthesize previous studies on the challenges for health professionals delivering palliative care in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Searches were carried out on the Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Social Care Online, PubMed, Embase, and Expanded Academic databases. Journals typically reporting palliative care and community health studies were also searched (Palliative Medicine, Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, and Health & Social Care in the Community). All articles were peer-reviewed and published in English between December 2019 and September 2022.
Results
Database and hand searches identified 1231 articles. After duplicates were removed and the exclusion criteria applied, 27 articles were included in the final review. Themes in the research findings centered on 6 interconnected categories. The challenges imposed by the pandemic (lack of resources, communication difficulties, access to education and training, and interprofessional coordination), as well as the varying levels of success of the health-care responses, impacted the well-being of health professionals and, in turn, the well-being and care of patients and families.
Significance of results
The pandemic has provided the impetus for rethinking flexible and innovative approaches to overcome the challenges of delivering community palliative care. However, existing governmental and organizational policies require revision to improve communication and effective interprofessional collaboration, and additional resources are needed. A blended model of virtual and in-person palliative care delivery may provide the best solution to community palliative care delivery moving forward.
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14
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Perdalkar S, Basthi Mohan P, Musunuri B, Rajpurohit S, Shetty S, Bhat K, Pai CG. Thiopurine therapy in inflammatory bowel disease in the pandemic era: Safe or unsafe? Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109597. [PMID: 36702073 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major types affecting millions across the globe. Various immunomodulatory drugs consisting of small molecules (thiopurines, methotrexate and tofacitinib) and biologics are used to treat IBD. Thiopurines (TP) are widely used in the treatment of IBD and it plays an important role both alone and in combination with anti-TNF agents as IBD maintenance therapy. Although the advent of biologics therapy has significantly advanced the management of IBD, TP remains the mainstay of treatment in resource-limited and low economic settings. However, the recently commenced pandemic has raised uncertainty over the safety of the use of immunosuppressant drugs such as TP among healthcare care providers and patients, as there is a scarcity of data on whether IBD patients are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection or more prone to its severe outcomes. AIM This review aims to encapsulate evidence on the risk of COVID-19 infection and its severe prognosis in IBD patients on TP. Additionally, it also evaluates the role of TP in inhibiting the viral protease, a potential drug target, essential for the replication and pathogenesis of the virus. CONCLUSION Emerging evidence suggests that TP therapy is safe during the current pandemic and does not carry an elevated risk when used as monotherapy or in combination with other IBD drugs. In-vitro studies demonstrate that TP is a potential therapeutic for present and future betacoronavirus pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Perdalkar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Pooja Basthi Mohan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Balaji Musunuri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Siddheesh Rajpurohit
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Shiran Shetty
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Cannanore Ganesh Pai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
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15
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Hussien SM. The immunomodulatory properties of low-level ionizing radiation as a potential treatment for COVID-19's life-threatening symptoms. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:73. [PMID: 36774511 PMCID: PMC9918814 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-00999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Public health experts are looking into the current coronavirus outbreak to see if there are any ways to prevent potentially fatal symptoms. Low-Dose Radiotherapy (LD-RT) induces anti-inflammatory cytokine responses that act as a counterweight to pro-inflammatory cytokines, potentially providing therapeutic benefits for COVID-19-related diseases associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study will look into positive immuno-radiological reactions to see if they are feasible, practicable, and effective in lowering the critical inflammatory condition of the crucial stage COVID-19. This study aims to investigate the use of low-dose lung radiation in bacterial and viral pneumonia, as well as to provide a treatment plan for COVID-19-associated pneumonia. This article discusses the evidence for and against LD-RT theories in COVID-19 patients. The use of LD-RT at various stages of COVID-19 appears to be beneficial, with fewer side effects than other currently being studied treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha M. Hussien
- grid.429648.50000 0000 9052 0245Radiation Safety Department, Nuclear and Radiological Safety Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Kumar A, Raj A, Gupta A, Gautam S, Kumar M, Bherwani H, Anshul A. Pollution free UV-C radiation to mitigate COVID-19 transmission. GONDWANA RESEARCH : INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE JOURNAL 2023; 114:78-86. [PMID: 35936028 PMCID: PMC9345658 DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The high rate of transmission of the COVID-19 virus has brought various types of disinfection techniques, for instance, hydrogen peroxide vaporization, microwave generating steam, UV radiation, and dry heating, etc. to prevent the further transmission of the virus. The chemical-based techniques are predominantly used for sanitization of hands, buildings, hospitals, etc. However, these chemicals may affect the health of humans and the environment in unexplored aspects. Furthermore, the UV lamp-based radiation sanitization technique had been applied but has not gained larger acceptability owing to its limitation to penetrate different materials. Therefore, the optical properties of materials are especially important for the utilization of UV light on such disinfection applications. The germicidal or microorganism inactivation application of UV-C has only been in-use in a closed chamber, due to its harmful effect on human skin and the eye. However, it is essential to optimize UV for its use in an open environment for a larger benefit to mitigate the virus spread. In view of this, far UV-C (222 nm) based technology has emerged as a potential option for the sanitization in open areas and degradation of microorganisms present in aerosol during the working conditions. Hence, in the present review article, efforts have been made to evaluate the technical aspects of UV (under the different spectrum and wavelength ranges) and the control of COVID 19 virus spread in the atmosphere including the possibilities of the human body sanitization in working condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
| | - Abhishek Raj
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ankit Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- CSIR-NEERI, Delhi Zonal Centre, Naraina Industrial Area, New Delhi 110028, India
| | - Sneha Gautam
- Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore 641114, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Experimental Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, ARSD College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Hemant Bherwani
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Avneesh Anshul
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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17
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Udoakang AJ, Djomkam Zune AL, Tapela K, Nganyewo NN, Olisaka FN, Anyigba CA, Tawiah-Eshun S, Owusu IA, Paemka L, Awandare GA, Quashie PK. The COVID-19, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS: Ménage à Trois. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1104828. [PMID: 36776887 PMCID: PMC9911459 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1104828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, a novel pneumonic condition, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), broke out in China and spread globally. The presentation of COVID-19 is more severe in persons with underlying medical conditions such as Tuberculosis (TB), Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and other pneumonic conditions. All three diseases are of global concern and can significantly affect the lungs with characteristic cytokine storm, immunosuppression, and respiratory failure. Co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have been reported, which may influence their pathogenesis and disease progression. Pulmonary TB and HIV/AIDS patients could be more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to lethal synergy and disease severity. Therefore, the biological and epidemiological interactions of COVID-19, HIV/AIDS, and TB need to be understood holistically. While data is needed to predict the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these existing diseases, it is necessary to review the implications of the evolving COVID-19 management on HIV/AIDS and TB control, including therapy and funding. Also, the impact of long COVID on patients, who may have this co-infection. Thus, this review highlights the implications of COVID-19, HIV/AIDS, and TB co-infection compares disease mechanisms, addresses growing concerns, and suggests a direction for improved diagnosis and general management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniefiok John Udoakang
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Alexandra Lindsey Djomkam Zune
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kesego Tapela
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Nora Nghochuzie Nganyewo
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
| | - Frances Ngozi Olisaka
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology, Department of Biological Science, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Claudia Adzo Anyigba
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Irene Amoakoh Owusu
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lily Paemka
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gordon A. Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Peter Kojo Quashie
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Virology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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18
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Zhang J, Xia Y, Liu X, Liu G. Advanced Vaccine Design Strategies against SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Variants. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020148. [PMID: 36829642 PMCID: PMC9951973 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most cost-effective means in the fight against infectious diseases. Various kinds of vaccines have been developed since the outbreak of COVID-19, some of which have been approved for clinical application. Though vaccines available achieved partial success in protecting vaccinated subjects from infection or hospitalization, numerous efforts are still needed to end the global pandemic, especially in the case of emerging new variants. Safe and efficient vaccines are the key elements to stop the pandemic from attacking the world now; novel and evolving vaccine technologies are urged in the course of fighting (re)-emerging infectious diseases. Advances in biotechnology offered the progress of vaccinology in the past few years, and lots of innovative approaches have been applied to the vaccine design during the ongoing pandemic. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art vaccine strategies involved in controlling the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. In addition, challenges and future directions for rational vaccine design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yutian Xia
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Innovation Center for Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Correspondence:
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19
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Avila-Carrasco L, Díaz-Avila DL, Reyes-López A, Monarrez-Espino J, Garza-Veloz I, Velasco-Elizondo P, Vázquez-Reyes S, Mauricio-González A, Solís-Galván JA, Martinez-Fierro ML. Anxiety, depression, and academic stress among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1066673. [PMID: 36710743 PMCID: PMC9874103 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1066673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The social distancing policies implemented by the health authorities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico and elsewhere led to major changes in teaching strategies for college undergraduates. So far, there is limited data regarding the impact of the lockdown on the academic stress and mental health of these students. Objective To assess the occurrence of academic difficulties, anxiety, depression, and academic stressors resulting in somatization with subsequent coping strategies linked to the pandemic. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 728 medical students (years 1-5). A purposely designed questionnaire to assess academic difficulties associated with the pandemic was administered electronically. The validated Goldberg anxiety and depression scale was also used, as well as the SISCO-II inventory on academic stress. Results Screening for anxiety and depression led to a prevalence of 67.9 and 81.3%, respectively. Most relevant stressors, reported always or nearly always, included professors' evaluations (63.9%), and reading overload of academic papers (50.6%). Factorial analyses showed that women were more prone to stress than men (p < 0.001). Somatization symptomatology included drowsiness or increased need of sleep, anxiety, anguish, desperation, chronic fatigue, and sleep disorders. Common coping strategies included practicing a hobby, done always or nearly always by 65% of students with high stress, and 34% of those with low stress (p < 0.001). Conclusion There was a relevant impact of the mandatory lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of medical students reflected in the high prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and stressors in the studied population pointing to the need for designing and implementing preventive strategies to deal with the effects of lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Avila-Carrasco
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,*Correspondence: Lorena Avila-Carrasco, ✉
| | - Daisy Lorena Díaz-Avila
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Adrian Reyes-López
- Pathology and Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Joel Monarrez-Espino
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Perla Velasco-Elizondo
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Sodel Vázquez-Reyes
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Mauricio-González
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alfonso Solís-Galván
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro, ✉
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20
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Chakraborti S, Gill J, Goswami R, Kumar S, Chandele A, Sharma A. Structural Profiles of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in India. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:1. [PMID: 36414797 PMCID: PMC9684916 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
India was severely affected by several waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection that occurred during April-June 2021 (second wave) and December 2021-January 2022 (third wave) and thereafter, resulting in >10 million new infections and a significant number of deaths. Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data database was used to collect the sequence information of ~10,000 SARS-CoV-2 patients from India and our sequence analysis identified three variants B.1.1.7 (alpha, α), B1.617.2 (delta, Δ), B.1.1.529 (Omicron, Oo) and one Omicron sub-variant BA.2.75 as the primary drivers for SARS-CoV-2 waves in India. Structural visualization and analysis of important mutations of alpha, delta, Omicron and its sub-variants of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) was performed and our analysis clearly shows that mutations occur throughout the RBD, including the RBD surface responsible for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE-2) receptor-binding. A comparison between alpha, delta and omicron variants/sub-variants reveals many omicron mutations in the hACE-2 binding site and several other mutations within 5 Å of this binding region. Further, computational analysis highlights the importance of electrostatic interactions in stabilizing RBD-hACE-2-binding, especially in the omicron variant. Our analysis explores the likely role of key alpha, delta and omicron mutations on binding with hACE-2. Taken together, our study provides novel structural insights into the implications of RBD mutations in alpha, delta and omicron and its sub-variants that were responsible for India's SARS-CoV-2 surge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyananda Chakraborti
- National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, 110077, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP, 201002, India.
| | - Jasmita Gill
- National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, 110077, India.
| | - Ritu Goswami
- National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, 110077, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP, 201002, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, Molecular Medicine Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anmol Chandele
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, Molecular Medicine Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, 110077, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP, 201002, India
- Structural Parasitology, Molecular Medicine Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Jardim IDSC, Milani M, Castro I, Hansen D, Karsten M, Cahalin LP, Cipriano GFB, Cipriano G. Impact of COVID-19's on Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Programs in Brazil: An Online Survey-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20220135. [PMID: 36921154 PMCID: PMC9973047 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) programs in Brazil. OBJECTIVES To describe the characteristics of CR programs in Brazil, the impacts of the first epidemiological wave of COVID-19 (first 60 days) on the programs and present the initiatives used to overcome the impacts. METHOD This cross-sectional and retrospective study utilized a specific online survey. Participants were coordinators of CR programs. Variables were presented by Brazilian geographic region and as the following categories: demographic, clinical and operational characteristics. The significance level for statistical analysis was set at 5%. RESULTS Fifty-nine CR programs were responsible for 5,349 patients, of which only 1,817 were post-acute cardiovascular events, which corresponded to 1.99% of hospitalized patients in the month prior to the survey (n=91,231). The greatest impact was the suspension of on-site activities, which occurred similarly in areas with the highest and the lowest rates of COVID-19 in the period. Forty-five programs (75%) were shortly interrupted, while three (5%) were ended. All 42 programs that already used remote rehabilitation strategies noticed a substantial increase in activities, based primarily on the use of media and video calling. Only three (5%) considered safe to see patients during the first 60 days. CONCLUSIONS There was a reduction in the number of CR programs with the COVID-19 pandemic. Telerehabilitation activities increased during the first two months of the COVID-19 pandemic, but this was not enough to overcome the reduction in CR program activities across Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara de Sousa Cezário Jardim
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação (PPGCR), Universidade de Brasília (UNB), Brasília, DF - Brasil
| | - Mauricio Milani
- Fitcordis, Brasília, DF - Brasil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências e Tecnologias em Saúde (PPGCTS), Universidade de Brasília (UNB), Brasília, DF - Brasil
| | - Isac Castro
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Marlus Karsten
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia (PPGFT), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC - Brasil
| | | | | | - Gerson Cipriano
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação (PPGCR), Universidade de Brasília (UNB), Brasília, DF - Brasil
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22
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Chaudhary KR, Kujur S, Singh K. Recent advances of nanotechnology in COVID 19: A critical review and future perspective. OPENNANO 2023; 9. [PMCID: PMC9749399 DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The global anxiety and economic crisis causes the deadly pandemic coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID 19) affect millions of people right now. Subsequently, this life threatened viral disease is caused due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, morbidity and mortality of infected patients are due to cytokines storm syndrome associated with lung injury and multiorgan failure caused by COVID 19. Thereafter, several methodological advances have been approved by WHO and US-FDA for the detection, diagnosis and control of this wide spreadable communicable disease but still facing multi-challenges to control. Herein, we majorly emphasize the current trends and future perspectives of nano-medicinal based approaches for the delivery of anti-COVID 19 therapeutic moieties. Interestingly, Nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with drug molecules or vaccines resemble morphological features of SARS-CoV-2 in their size (60–140 nm) and shape (circular or spherical) that particularly mimics the virus facilitating strong interaction between them. Indeed, the delivery of anti-COVID 19 cargos via a nanoparticle such as Lipidic nanoparticles, Polymeric nanoparticles, Metallic nanoparticles, and Multi-functionalized nanoparticles to overcome the drawbacks of conventional approaches, specifying the site-specific targeting with reduced drug loading and toxicities, exhibit their immense potential. Additionally, nano-technological based drug delivery with their peculiar characteristics of having low immunogenicity, tunable drug release, multidrug delivery, higher selectivity and specificity, higher efficacy and tolerability switch on the novel pathway for the prevention and treatment of COVID 19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabi Raj Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India,Department of Research and Development, United Biotech (P) Ltd. Bagbania, Nalagarh, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India,Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, MOGA, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Sima Kujur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India,Department of Research and Development, United Biotech (P) Ltd. Bagbania, Nalagarh, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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23
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Low Response to the COVID-19 Vaccine Among the Arab Population in Israel: Is It a Cultural Background, or a Systemic Failure, or Maybe Both? J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023; 10:296-305. [PMID: 34984653 PMCID: PMC8725966 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01220-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A low response to COVID-19 vaccination was observed among the Arab population in Israel. Efforts to improve this achieved moderate results. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the extent to which demographic and cultural factors, the media, trust, perceptions, and government policies influence the willingness of Arabs to be vaccinated against COVID-19. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Israeli Arabs (558 respondents). The questionnaire was distributed through social networks between January 16 and 26, 2021. The t-tests, Chi-square tests, Z tests, which were used to evaluate the significance of variables, and Pearson correlations calculated for the study variables were used for statistical analysis. Hierarchical logistic regression was calculated to assess the extent of background influence on the odds for vaccination, and mediation was examined using the Process procedure. RESULTS Moderate means were found for attitudes towards vaccination, vulnerability, vaccine effectiveness, and pandemic fatigue. A lower score was found for accessibility to medical services, social norms, and emotional barriers. Trust was highest in health-related authorities, whereas trust in government and the media was the lowest. Higher pandemic fatigue was associated with lower trust and lower odds for vaccination. DISCUSSION Lack of awareness of the specific needs of the Arab minority in Israel, lack of vaccination campaigns in Arabic language, long neglect of Arabs in the Israeli health system, mistrust of governmental authorities by the Arabs, and low socioeconomic background of Israeli Arabs might have led to lower trust levels and incompliance with governmental policies among Arabs. Addressing these issues may benefit the entire population. The authors believe that "A chain (in population health) is only as strong as its weakest link."
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Liu W, Sun Y, Cui A, Xia Y, Yan Q, Song Y, Wang L, Shan G, Wang X. Electrothermal sterilization and self-powered real-time respiratory monitoring of reusable mask based on Ag micro-mesh films. NANO ENERGY 2023; 105:107987. [PMID: 36373076 PMCID: PMC9636608 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreaks, the utilization of medical masks plays a critical role in reducing the infected risk. However, constructing multifunctional masks to achieve simultaneously self-sterilization, reusability, and respiratory monitoring capability remains still a huge challenge. Herein, a reusable Ag micro-mesh film-based mask is proposed, which enables the capabilities of electrothermal sterilization and self-powered real-time respiratory monitoring. Highly conductive Ag micro-mesh films prepared by continuous draw spinning method demonstrate excellent electrothermal performances for thermal sterilization and serve as working electrode to fabricate triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) for real-time respiratory monitoring, respectively. Under a low driving voltage of 3.0 V, the surface temperature of Ag micro-mesh film enables a quick increase to over 60 °C within 30 s, which endows thermal sterilization against S. aureus with antibacterial efficiency of 95.58 % within 20 min to achieve the self-sterilization of medical masks. Furthermore, a self-powered alarm system based on the fabricated TENG as respiratory monitor is developed for real-time respiratory monitoring to render a timely treatment for patients in danger of tachypnea and apnea. Consequently, this work has paved a new and practical avenue to achieve reusable multifunctional masks with capabilities of electrothermal sterilization and real-time respiratory monitoring in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan Liu
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Anni Cui
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yifan Xia
- Henan Key Lab for Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qiuzhu Yan
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yongxin Song
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Henan Key Lab for Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Guiye Shan
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Henan Key Lab for Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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25
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Alomari MA, Khabour OF, Alzoubi KH, Keewan E. Changes in dietary habits and eating behaviors during COVID-19 induced confinement: A study from Jordan. HUMAN NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2022; 30:200169. [PMID: 38620861 PMCID: PMC9659356 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2022.200169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate dietary habits (DH) and eating behaviors (EB) among adults during confinement induced by COVID-19 in Jordan. Method In this cross-sectional study, an online survey designed to assess the change in DH and EB during April and May 2020 was distributed using various social media platforms. Results The survey was completed by a total of 1844 adult (18-72 years) participants from the public in Jordan. The results indicated an increase (42.5-61.8%) in most of the DH and EB examined in the current study in the majority of participants. Among these changes, they have increased (p < 0.05) the prevalence of fruit and vegetable, immune boosters, water, and hot beverage consumption, as well as decreased (p < 0.05) eating in restaurants and fatty food consumption, indicating a positive change. Conversely, a larger (p < 0.05) proportion of participants reported increased consumption of high-calorie food and late-night eating, indicating a risky behavior for obesity and subsequent chronic complications. Additionally, age, sex, obesity, education, income, and type of job appeared to contribute (p < 0.05) to changes in DH and EB. Overall, confinement caused by COVID-19 appears to compel adults to adopt a specific DH and EB. Although most of these changes were positive, some were negative. Conclusion This study provides essential information for designing subpopulation recommendations and developmental programs for adults under such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Alomari
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Department of Physical Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Esra'a Keewan
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
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Alshagrawi S, Alhowti S. Knowledge, Anxiety, and practice during the COVID-19 crisis among HCWs in Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:384. [PMID: 36618461 PMCID: PMC9818754 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_308_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid and widespread of COVID-19 has caused distress and havoc among people in all walks of life. Such impact has been more pronounced among HCWs. We sought to examine how health care workers (HCWs) knowledge about COVID-19 and perceived anxiety can influence preventive practices. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study a multiple regression analysis was applied to examine the relationship between knowledge, anxiety, and preventive practices among 267 participants work in different settings in a variety of health care organizations in different regions in Saudi Arabia. To estimate potential associations, a multiple regression analysis was applied. Standardized beta-coefficients and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated to examine the outcome variable and the predictors' associations. RESULTS Our findings shows that HCWs had high levels of knowledge about COVID-19, perceived anxiety, and preventive practices. In examining the relation between HCWs characteristics and their knowledge about COVID-19, older HCWs have been shown to have higher knowledge compared to younger HCWs. Finally, the model to estimate the impact of knowledge about COVID-19 and perceived anxiety on preventive practice showed that both have a significant impact. CONCLUSIONS HCWs tendency to adhere to preventive practices is related to their levels of knowledge and perceived anxiety. Such a relationship can inform administrators and policymakers in the health care field to design health promotion campaigns to ensure all HCWs are aware of the nature of communicable diseases and the risk they might entail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Alshagrawi
- Public Health Department, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alhowti
- Public Health Department, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Potential inhibitory activity of phytoconstituents against black fungus: In silico ADMET, molecular docking and MD simulation studies. COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 24:100247. [PMID: 36193218 PMCID: PMC9508704 DOI: 10.1016/j.comtox.2022.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mucormycosis or “black fungus” has been currently observed in India, as a secondary infection in COVID-19 infected patients in the post-COVID-stage. Fungus is an uncommon opportunistic infection that affects people who have a weak immune system. In this study, 158 antifungal phytochemicals were screened using molecular docking against glucoamylase enzyme of Rhizopus oryzae to identify potential inhibitors. The docking scores of the selected phytochemicals were compared with Isomaltotriose as a positive control. Most of the compounds showed lower binding energy values than Isomaltotriose (-6.4 kcal/mol). Computational studies also revealed the strongest binding affinity of the screened phytochemicals was Dioscin (-9.4 kcal/mol). Furthermore, the binding interactions of the top ten potential phytochemicals were elucidated and further analyzed. In-silico ADME and toxicity prediction were also evaluated using SwissADME and admetSAR online servers. Compounds Piscisoflavone C, 8-O-methylaverufin and Punicalagin exhibited positive results with the Lipinski filter and drug-likeness and showed mild to moderate of toxicity. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation (at 300 K for 100 ns) was also employed to the docked ligand-target complex to explore the stability of ligand-target complex, improve docking results, and analyze the molecular mechanisms of protein-target interactions.
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28
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Faridi-Majidi R, Norouz F, Boroumand S, Nasrollah Tabatabaei S, Faridi-Majidi R. Decontamination Assessment of Nanofiber-based N95 Masks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:80411-80421. [PMID: 35716305 PMCID: PMC9206400 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the world battles with the outbreak of the novel coronavirus, it also prepares for future global pandemics that threaten our health, economy, and survivor. During the outbreak, it became evident that use of personal protective equipment (PPE), specially face masks, can significantly slow the otherwise uncontrolled spread of the virus. Nevertheless, the outbreak and its new variants have caused shortage of PPE in many regions of the world. In addition, waste management of the enormous economical and environmental footprint of single use PPE has proven to be a challenge. Therefore, this study advances the theme of decontaminating used masks. More specifically, the effect of various decontamination techniques on the integrity and functionality of nanofiber-based N95 masks (i.e. capable of at least filtering 95% of 0.3 μm aerosols) were examined. These techniques include 70% ethanol, bleaching, boiling, steaming, ironing as well as placement in autoclave, oven, and exposure to microwave (MW) and ultraviolet (UV) light. Herein, filtration efficiency (by Particle Filtration Efficiency equipment), general morphology, and microstructure of nanofibers (by Field Emission Scanning Electron microscopy) prior and after every decontamination technique were observed. The results suggest that decontamination of masks with 70% ethanol can lead to significant unfavorable changes in the microstructure and filtration efficiency (down to 57.33%) of the masks. In other techniques such as bleaching, boiling, steaming, ironing and placement in the oven, filtration efficiency dropped to only about 80% and in addition, some morphological changes in the nanofiber microstructure were seen. Expectedly, there was no significant reduction in filtration efficiency nor microstructural changes in the case of placement in autoclave and exposure to the UV light. It was concluded that, the latter methods are preferable to decontaminate nanofiber-based N95 masks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faezeh Norouz
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Nasrollah Tabatabaei
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas (Fnm Co. Ltd.), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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29
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Sansinenea E. Microorganisms: a problem or a solution in our current life? Future Microbiol 2022; 17:1433-1435. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Estibaliz Sansinenea
- Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma De Puebla, Puebla, Pue, 72590, México
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30
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Tapela K, Oyawoye FO, Olwal CO, Opurum PC, Amponsah JA, Segbedzi KAL, Tetteh B, Kumi-Ansah F, Mutungi JK, Obodai E, Amoako E, Agyemang S, Ndam NT, Ampofo WK, Rayner JC, Awandare GA, Paemka L, Bediako Y, Quashie PK. Probing SARS-CoV-2-positive plasma to identify potential factors correlating with mild COVID-19 in Ghana, West Africa. BMC Med 2022; 20:370. [PMID: 36184636 PMCID: PMC9527094 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND West Africa has recorded a relatively higher proportion of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases than the rest of the world, and West Africa-specific host factors could play a role in this discrepancy. Here, we assessed the association between COVID-19 severity among Ghanaians with their immune profiles and ABO blood groups. METHODS Plasma samples were obtained from Ghanaians PCR-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive individuals. The participants were categorized into symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. Cytokine profiling and antibody quantification were performed using Luminex™ multiplex assay whereas antigen-driven agglutination assay was used to assess the ABO blood groups. Immune profile levels between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups were compared using the two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test. Multiple comparisons of cytokine levels among and between days were tested using Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post hoc test. Correlations within ABO blood grouping (O's and non-O's) and between cytokines were determined using Spearman correlations. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association of various cytokines with asymptomatic phenotype. RESULTS There was a trend linking blood group O to reduced disease severity, but this association was not statistically significant. Generally, symptomatic patients displayed significantly (p < 0.05) higher cytokine levels compared to asymptomatic cases with exception of Eotaxin, which was positively associated with asymptomatic cases. There were also significant (p < 0.05) associations between other immune markers (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1Ra) and disease severity. Cytokines' clustering patterns differ between symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. We observed a steady decrease in the concentration of most cytokines over time, while anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were stable for at least a month, regardless of the COVID-19 status. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that genetic background and pre-existing immune response patterns may in part shape the nature of the symptomatic response against COVID-19 in a West African population. This study offers clear directions to be explored further in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesego Tapela
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Fatima O Oyawoye
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Charles Ochieng' Olwal
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Precious C Opurum
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jones Amo Amponsah
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kekeli Aku Lumor Segbedzi
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Becky Tetteh
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Joe K Mutungi
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Evangeline Obodai
- Virology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Emmanuella Amoako
- Department of Pediatrics, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana.,Yemaachi Biotech Inc., 222 Swaniker St, Accra, Ghana
| | - Seth Agyemang
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Nicaise Tuikue Ndam
- UMR261 MERIT and Head of IRD Branch in Benin-Nigeria-Togo-Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - William Kwabena Ampofo
- Virology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Julian C Rayner
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gordon A Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lily Paemka
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Yemaachi Biotech Inc., 222 Swaniker St, Accra, Ghana
| | - Yaw Bediako
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Yemaachi Biotech Inc., 222 Swaniker St, Accra, Ghana.,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Peter Kojo Quashie
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana. .,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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Kowalska K, Sabatowska Z, Forycka J, Młynarska E, Franczyk B, Rysz J. The Influence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Lipid Metabolism—The Potential Use of Lipid-Lowering Agents in COVID-19 Management. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092320. [PMID: 36140421 PMCID: PMC9496398 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated lipid metabolism alterations during COVID-19 infection, specifically a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations and an increase in triglyceride (TG) levels during the infection. However, a decline in triglycerides can also be observed in critical cases. A direct correlation can be observed between a decrease in serum cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and TGs, and the severity of the disease; these laboratory findings can serve as potential markers for patient outcomes. The transmission of coronavirus increases proportionally with rising levels of cholesterol in the cell membrane. This is due to the fact that cholesterol increases the number of viral entry spots and the concentration of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, crucial for viral penetration. Studies have found that lower HDL-C levels correspond with a higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and infections in general, while higher HDL-C levels were related to a lower risk of developing them. However, extremely high HDL-C levels in serum increase the risk of infectious diseases and is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events. Low HDL-C levels are already accepted as a marker for risk stratification in critical illnesses, and higher HDL-C levels prior to the infection is associated with a lower risk of death in older patients. The correlation between LDL-C levels and disease severity is still unclear. However, TG levels were significantly higher in non-surviving severe patients compared to those that survived; therefore, elevated TG-C levels in COVID-19 patients may be considered an indicator of uncontrolled inflammation and an increased risk of death.
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Guo M, Yan J, Hu Y, Xu L, Song J, Yuan K, Cheng X, Ma S, Liu J, Wu X, Liu L, Rong S, Wang D. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on Cold-Chain Food: Precautions Can Effectively Reduce the Risk. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2022; 14:295-303. [PMID: 35767120 PMCID: PMC9244345 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-022-09521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a new era in the world, also in the food safety. Up to now, there is no evidence to suggest that people can infect COVID-19 via food contaminated by SARS-CoV-2. Here, we analyzed the results of regular SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid testing of considerable cold-chain food practitioners, cold-chain food surfaces, and their internal or external packaging as well as their associated environments, aiming to explore the risk of cold-chain food being contaminated by SARS-CoV-2 and the probability of people infecting COVID-19 through contaminated cold-chain food in the context of COVID-19 epidemic. This study found that only two batches of cold-chain food were contaminated by SARS-CoV-2, none of the cold-chain food handler were infected due to effective regulatory measures for cold-chain food. Therefore, effective supervision and preventive methods could effectively reduce the transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 on cold-chain food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyue Guo
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Yan
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Xu
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinling Song
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Yuan
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangru Cheng
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Sui Ma
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianbing Wu
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Rong
- Department of Nutrition Hygiene and Toxicology, Academy of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 2, Huangjiahu Road, Wuhan, 430065 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, 441000 Xiangyang, Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
- Xiangyang Public Health and Anti-Epidemic Materials Research Key Laboratory, No. 69, Taiziwan Road, Xiangyang, 441000 Hubei Province People’s Republic of China
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Vasile CI, Vasile MC, Zlati ML, Herbei EE, Lepădatu L, Munteanu C, Nechifor A, Tatu AL. Post COVID-19 Infection Psychosis: Could SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection Be a Neuropsychiatric Condition That Triggers Psychotic Disorders? - A Case-Based Short Review. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4697-4705. [PMID: 36034176 PMCID: PMC9416515 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s373578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Corona virus (COVID-19) is an epidemy of respiratory disease caused by a novel corona virus and it was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a global health pandemic emergency. Due to the neuropsychiatric manifestation of Covid-19 that have been associated with psychotic disorders, in this paper we choose to present a case from “Elena Doamna” Psychiatric Hospital from Galati, Romania and to correlate it with other cases from literature in a mini review presentation. In our paper, we present the case of a patient of 44-year-old men, with no past psychiatric history whose behavior included psycho-motor agitation, perception and thinking disorders, disorganized behaviour, attempted suicide by stabbing. The last perspectives from the two years of pandemic together with psychiatric disease linked the virus infections with psychosis to the main concern that Covid-19 could determine psychiatric disorders. There were also presented same literature studies of patients with no personal pathological history in the psychiatric field which developed psychiatric disorders after COVID-19 infection. SARS-CoV-2 has a psychological impact on the mental health status of the worldwide and, especially when it is associated with psychotic symptoms and can affect the quality-of-life. In some cases, the virus affected the brain and as a result, the psychosis symptoms could be an emerging phenomenon associated with the corona virus. Based on the DSM V and ICD-10 criteria, the diagnosis was of acute psychiatric disorders with symptoms of schizophrenia (F23.1). The case report and review reliefs that there is a causal link between the SARS CoV-2 infection and mental disorders, which is currently being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu Ionut Vasile
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galați, România.,"Elena Doamna" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, Galaţi, România
| | - Mihaela Camelia Vasile
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galați, România.,Infectious Diseases Department, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases "Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva", Galați, România
| | - Monica Laura Zlati
- Business Administration Department, Dunărea de Jos University, Galați, România.,Accounting, Audit and Finance Department, Stefan Cel Mare University, Suceava, România
| | - Elena Emanuela Herbei
- Department of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Centre of Nanostructures and Functional Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University "Dunărea de Jos", Galaţi, România
| | - Lorena Lepădatu
- "Sf Ap Andrei" Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Galați, România
| | | | - Alexandru Nechifor
- Research Center in the Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, ReFORM-UDJ, Galați, România
| | - Alin Laurențiu Tatu
- Research Center in the Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, ReFORM-UDJ, Galați, România.,Dermatology Department, "Sf Cuv Parascheva" Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Galați, România.,Multidisciplinary Integrated Center of Dermatological Interface Research MIC DIR, Dunărea de Jos" University, Galați, România
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Rahman MS, Safa NT, Sultana S, Salam S, Karamehic-Muratovic A, Overgaard HJ. Role of artificial intelligence-internet of things (AI-IoT) based emerging technologies in the public health response to infectious diseases in Bangladesh. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2022; 18:e00266. [PMID: 35975103 PMCID: PMC9371768 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2022.e00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital technologies are the need of today to predict, prevent and control emerging infectious diseases. Bangladesh is one of the world's poorest and most densely populated countries and faces a double burden of two deadly diseases, COVID-19 and dengue. In response to both these diseases, the absence of a digital healthcare system and insufficient preparedness, lack of public awareness pose unique challenges and a large threat to the population, resulting in epidemics of escalating severity. This paper suggests a digital health care and surveillance system based on the internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) for timely identification of COVID-19 and dengue cases and improving the prevention and control strategies in the country. Digital technologies enable smart healthcare solutions to sustain and improve health services. Bangladesh is vulnerable to both COVID-19 and dengue epidemics. Epidemic preparedness requires improved digital health policy by integrating AI-IoT based emerging technologies. Campaigning to raise awareness of COVID-19 and dengue infections is a public health urgency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Siddikur Rahman
- Department of Statistics, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5404, Bangladesh
| | | | - Sahara Sultana
- Institute of Information Technology, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
| | - Samira Salam
- Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
| | - Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, College of Arts and Sciences, Saint Louis University, United States
| | - Hans J Overgaard
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1430 Ås, Norway
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Shetty A, Chandrakant NS, Darnule RA, Manjunath BG, Sathe P. A Double-blind Multicenter Two-arm Randomized Placebo-controlled Phase-III Clinical Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of Thymosin α1 as an Add-on Treatment to Existing Standard of Care Treatment in Moderate-to-severe COVID-19 Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022; 26:913-919. [PMID: 36042753 PMCID: PMC9363815 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background From an epidemic outbreak, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has quickly developed. Thymosin α1 (Tα1) has the ability to boost the T-cell numbers, support T-cell differentiation, maturation, and reduce cell apoptosis. In this study, we have investigated the efficacy and safety of Tα1 in moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients. Patients and methods In this double-blind, multicenter, two-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III clinical study, patients were randomized to receive either Tα1 or placebo in combination with standard of care (SOC). The data on all-cause mortality, clinical progression/deterioration, duration of hospital/intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and safety data were collected. The patients were telephonically followed up on Day 28. Results A total of (n = 105) COVID-19 patients were included in the study, of which 40 and 65 were severe and moderate, respectively. Thymosin arm (11.1%) had a statistically lower death rate in comparison to the placebo arm (38.5%). A total of 67 adverse events were reported in 42 patients among 105 dosed patients during the study. Among them, 43 adverse events were of mild in nature, 16 adverse events were of moderate in nature, and 8 serious adverse events (death) occurred during the study. Conclusion This study provides evidence that Tα1 can lower death rate in severe COVID-19 patients, reduce the load on hospitals by shortening the required number of days of hospitalization and help in abbreviating the requirement of oxygen support by positively impacting the recovery rate and time taken for recovery. How to cite this article Shetty A, Chandrakant NS, Darnule RA, Manjunath BG, Sathe P. A Double-blind Multicenter Two-arm Randomized Placebo-controlled Phase-III Clinical Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of Thymosin α1 as an Add-on Treatment to Existing Standard of Care Treatment in Moderate-to-severe COVID-19 Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(8):913–919.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Shetty
- Gufic Biosciences Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Adarsh Shetty, Gufic Biosciences Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Phone: +91 9844968062, e-mail:
| | | | | | - BG Manjunath
- Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Fu M, Cao LJ, Xia HL, Ji ZM, Hu NN, Leng ZJ, Xie W, Fang Y, Zhang JQ, Xia DQ. The performance of detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in lung biopsy tissue by metagenomic next-generation sequencing. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:288. [PMID: 35902819 PMCID: PMC9330940 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), which is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases. The rapid and accurate microbiological detection of the MTBC is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of TB. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been shown to be a promising and satisfying application of detection in infectious diseases. However, relevant research about the difference in MTBC detection by mNGS between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung biopsy tissue specimens remains scarce. Methods We used mNGS to detect pathogens in BALF and lung biopsy tissue obtained by CT-guide percutaneous lung puncture (CPLP) or radial endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial lung biopsy (R-EBUS-TBLB) from 443 hospitalized patients in mainland China suspected of pulmonary infections between May 1, 2019 and October 31, 2021. Aim to evaluate the diagnostic performance of mNGS for detecting MTBC and explore differences in the microbial composition in the 2 specimen types. Results Among the 443 patients, 46 patients finally were diagnosed with TB, of which 36 patients were detected as MTBC positive by mNGS (8.93%). Striking differences were noticed in the higher detection efficiency of lung biopsy tissue compared with BALF (P = 0.004). There were no significant differences between the 2 specimen types in the relative abundance among the 27 pathogens detected by mNGS from the 36 patients. Conclusions This study demonstrates that mNGS could offer an effective detection method of MTBC in BALF or lung tissue biopsy samples in patients suspected of TB infections. When it comes to the situations that BALF samples have limited value to catch pathogens for special lesion sites or the patients have contraindications to bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) procedures, lung biopsy tissue is an optional specimen for MTBC detection by mNGS. However, whether lung tissue-mNGS is superior to BALF-mNGS in patients with MTBC infection requires further prospective multicenter randomized controlled studies with more cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Le-Jie Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Huai-Ling Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Zi-Mei Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Na-Na Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Zai-Jun Leng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Wang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
| | - Da-Qing Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
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Development of Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Test for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Virus Antigens in Clinical Specimens. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142477. [PMID: 35889701 PMCID: PMC9322925 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the presented study, we developed a nanogold lateral glow immunoassay-based technique (LFI-COVID-19 antigen test) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins; the developed LFI-COVID-19 Ag test has been tested for limit of detection (LOD), cross-reactivity and interfering substances, and performance. It was found that the performance of the developed LFI-COVID-19 antigen test when it was evaluated by RT-qPCR indicated 95, 98, and 97% for sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, respectively. This complies with the WHO guidelines. It was concluded that the developed LFI-COVID-19 antigen test is a point of care and an alternative approach to current laboratory methods, especially RT-qPCR. It provides an easy, rapid (within 20 min), and on-site diagnostic tool for COVID-19 infection, and it is a cheap test if it is manufactured on a large scale for commercial use.
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38
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Mei Y, Lin X, He C, Zeng W, Luo Y, Liu C, Liu Z, Yang M, Kuang Y, Huang Q. Recent Progresses in Electrochemical DNA Biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 Detection. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:952510. [PMID: 35910031 PMCID: PMC9335408 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.952510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is still a major public health concern in many nations today. COVID-19 transmission is now controlled mostly through early discovery, isolation, and therapy. Because of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the contributing factor to COVID-19, establishing timely, sensitive, accurate, simple, and budget detection technologies for the SARS-CoV-2 is urgent for epidemic prevention. Recently, several electrochemical DNA biosensors have been developed for the rapid monitoring and detection of SARS-CoV-2. This mini-review examines the latest improvements in the detection of SARS-COV-2 utilizing electrochemical DNA biosensors. Meanwhile, this mini-review summarizes the problems faced by the existing assays and puts an outlook on future trends in the development of new assays for SARS-CoV-2, to provide researchers with a borrowing role in the generation of different assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Mei
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, School of Public Health and Health Management, School of Medical and Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, School of Public Health and Health Management, School of Medical and Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Lin, ; Qitong Huang,
| | - Chen He
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Weijia Zeng
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chenghao Liu
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhehao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, School of Public Health and Health Management, School of Medical and Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, School of Public Health and Health Management, School of Medical and Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ying Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, School of Public Health and Health Management, School of Medical and Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qitong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, School of Public Health and Health Management, School of Medical and Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Oil-Tea in Medical Health Care and Functional Product Development Engineering Research Center in Jiangxi, The Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Lin, ; Qitong Huang,
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Bezerra GF, Meneses GC, Albuquerque PLMM, Lopes NC, Santos RSS, da Silva JC, Mota SMB, Guimarães RR, Guimarães FR, Guimarães ÁR, Adamian CMC, de Lima PR, Bandeira ICJ, Dantas MMP, Junior GBS, Oriá RB, Daher EF, Martins AMC. Urinary tubular biomarkers as predictors of death in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Biomark Med 2022; 16:681-692. [PMID: 35531623 PMCID: PMC9083946 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the prediction capacity of urinary biomarkers for death in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: This is a prospective study with critically ill patients due to COVID-19 infection. The urinary biomarkers NGAL, KIM-1, MCP-1 and nephrin were quantified on ICU admission. Results: There was 40% of death. Urinary nephrin and MCP-1 had no association with death. Tubular biomarkers (proteinuria, NGAL and KIM-1) were predictors of death and cut-off values of them for death were useful in stratify patients with worse prognosis. In a multivariate cox regression analysis, only NGAL remains associated with a two-mount survival chance. Conclusion: Kidney tubular biomarkers, mostly urinary NGAL, had useful capacity to predict death in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela F Bezerra
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Gdayllon C Meneses
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Polianna LMM Albuquerque
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
- Instituto José Frota (IJF) Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60025-061, Brazil
| | - Nicole C Lopes
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Ranieri SS Santos
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Juliana C da Silva
- Instituto José Frota (IJF) Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60025-061, Brazil
| | - Sandra MB Mota
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
- Instituto José Frota (IJF) Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60025-061, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Guimarães
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
| | | | - Álvaro R Guimarães
- School of Medicine, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-372, Brazil
| | - Caio MC Adamian
- School of Medicine, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-372, Brazil
| | - Paula R de Lima
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Izabel CJ Bandeira
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Márcia MP Dantas
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
- Instituto José Frota (IJF) Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60025-061, Brazil
| | - Geraldo BS Junior
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo B Oriá
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, & Nutrition, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth F Daher
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Alice MC Martins
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
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Zago M, Lovecchio N, Galli M. Players at home: Physical activity and quality of life in 12-17 years-old football (soccer) players during the Covid-19 lockdown. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING 2022; 17:626-636. [PMID: 35663129 PMCID: PMC9086221 DOI: 10.1177/17479541211041703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive preventive actions were required to face the Covid-19 outbreak. However, from March 2020 on, many healthy youth football players have seen their sporting activities disrupted by the restrictions on outdoor exercise.This study describes physical activity and quality of life during April 2020 lockdown of young people participating in organized football. METHODS 1163 young football players aged 12-17 years (185 girls) completed a web-based questionnaire including the Youth Physical Activity and the Youth Quality of Life-Short Form Questionnaires; information on lifestyle and football-specific activity were also collected. Differences according to sex, urban/rural context and élite/non-élite club level were tested using a 2 × 2 × 2 MANOVA (age considered as a covariate). RESULTS We found that: (i) on average, exposure to football accounted for 3.2 hours/week, was higher in élite clubs and changed in nature, being mainly performed individually; 19% of participants practiced football <1 hour/week; (ii) only 56% of the participants reported 7 or more hours/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, which decreased with age and changed according to the geographical context; (iii) perceived quality of life was lower in youth playing for non-elite clubs and in older girls; (iv) coaches, rather that official initiatives, were the primary source of football exercises practiced at home. CONCLUSION A status of limited physical activity emerged; this might lead to deconditioning and susceptibility to injuries when football could restart. Governing bodies, football Associations and clubs could exploit these results to take informed decisions and support evidence-based interventions during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Zago
- Matteo Zago, Dipartimento di Meccanica, via
La Masa 1, Milano 20156, Italy.
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Elzaabalawy A, Meguid SA. Advances in the development of superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICS AND MATERIALS IN DESIGN 2022; 18:509-547. [PMID: 37520670 PMCID: PMC9132174 DOI: 10.1007/s10999-022-09593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobicity and icephobicity are governed by surface chemistry and surface structure. These two features signify a potential advance in surface engineering and have recently garnered significant attention from the research community. This review aims to simulate further research in the development of superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces in order to achieve their wide-spread adoption in practical applications. The review begins by establishing the fundamentals of the wetting phenomenon and wettability parameters. This is followed by the recent advances in modeling and simulations of the response of superhydrophobic surfaces to static and dynamic droplets contact and impingement, respectively. In view of their versatility and multifunctionality, a special attention is given to the development of these surfaces using nanocomposites. Furthermore, the review considers advances in icephobicity, its comprehensive characterization and its relation to superhydrophobicity. The review also includes the importance of the use of superhydrophobic surface to combat viral and bacterial contamination that exist in fomites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assem Elzaabalawy
- Mechanics and Aerospace Design Lab, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8 Canada
| | - Shaker A. Meguid
- Mechanics and Aerospace Design Lab, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8 Canada
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Eskandari V. Repurposing the natural compounds as potential therapeutic agents for COVID-19 based on the molecular docking study of the main protease and the receptor-binding domain of spike protein. J Mol Model 2022; 28:153. [PMID: 35578055 PMCID: PMC9110024 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) enters the cell by interacting with the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of spike (S) protein. In the cell, the viral 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro) enzyme is essential for its life cycle and controls coronavirus replication. Therefore, the S-RBD and 3CLpro are hot targets for drug discovery against SARS-CoV-2. This study was to identify repurposing drugs using in silico screening, docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. The study identified bentiamine, folic acid, benfotiamine, and vitamin B12 against the RBD of S protein and bentiamine, folic acid, fursultiamine, and riboflavin to 3CLpro. The strong and stable binding of these safe and cheap vitamins at the important residues (R403, K417, Y449, Y453, N501, and Y505) in the S-protein–ACE2 interface and 3CLpro binding site residues especially active site residues (His 41 and Cys 145), indicating that they could be valuable repurpose drugs for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajiheh Eskandari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
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Bandaru R, Rout SR, Kamble O, Samal SK, Gorain B, Sahebkar A, Ahmed FJ, Kesharwani P, Dandela R. Clinical progress of therapeutics and vaccines: Rising hope against COVID-19 treatment. Process Biochem 2022; 118:154-170. [PMID: 35437418 PMCID: PMC9008982 DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cases of deaths due to COVID-19 (COrona VIrus Disease-19) infection are increasing gradually worldwide. Immense research is ongoing to control this pandemic condition. Continual research outcomes are indicating that therapeutic and prophylactic agents are the possible hope to prevent the pandemic from spreading and to combat this increasing death count. Experience gained from previous coronavirus infections (eg., SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), MERS (Middle Ease Respiratory Syndrome), accumulated clinical knowledge during this pandemic, and research helped to identify a few therapeutic agents for emergency treatment of COVID-19. Thereby, monoclonal antibodies, antivirals, broad-spectrum antimicrobials, immunomodulators, and supplements are being suggested for treatment depending on the stage of the disease. These recommended treatments are authorized under medical supervision in emergency conditions only. Urgent need to control the pandemic condition had resulted in various approaches of repurposing the existing drugs, However, poorly designed clinical trials and associated outcomes do not provide enough evidence to fully approve treatments against COVID-19. So far, World Health Organization (WHO) authorized three vaccines as prophylactic against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we discussed about various therapeutic agents, their clinical trials, and limitations of trials for the management of COVID-19. Further, we have also spotlighted different vaccines in research in combating COVID-19.
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Arancibia-Hernández YL, Aranda-Rivera AK, Cruz-Gregorio A, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effect of Mg 2+ in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Rev Med Virol 2022; 32:e2348. [PMID: 35357063 PMCID: PMC9111052 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), characterised by high levels of inflammation and oxidative stress (OS). Oxidative stress induces oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA, causing tissue damage. Both inflammation and OS contribute to multi-organ failure in severe cases. Magnesium (Mg2+ ) regulates many processes, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses, as well as the proper functioning of other micronutrients such as vitamin D. In addition, Mg2+ participates as a second signalling messenger in the activation of T cells. Therefore, Mg2+ deficiency can cause immunodeficiency, exaggerated acute inflammatory response, decreased antioxidant response, and OS. Supplementation with Mg2+ has an anti-inflammatory response by reducing the levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin (IL) -6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Furthermore, Mg2+ supplementation improves mitochondrial function and increases the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) content, reducing OS. Therefore, Mg2+ supplementation is a potential way to reduce inflammation and OS, strengthening the immune system to manage COVID-19. This narrative review will address Mg2+ deficiency associated with a worse disease prognosis, Mg2+ supplementation as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapy during and after COVID-19 disease, and suggest that randomised controlled trials are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Laboratorio F-315, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Laboratorio F-315, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Laboratorio F-315, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Rabiu Abubakar A, Ahmad R, Rowaiye AB, Rahman S, Iskandar K, Dutta S, Oli AN, Dhingra S, Tor MA, Etando A, Kumar S, Irfan M, Gowere M, Chowdhury K, Akter F, Jahan D, Schellack N, Haque M. Targeting Specific Checkpoints in the Management of SARS-CoV-2 Induced Cytokine Storm. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040478. [PMID: 35454970 PMCID: PMC9031737 DOI: 10.3390/life12040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19-infected patients require an intact immune system to suppress viral replication and prevent complications. However, the complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection that led to death were linked to the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines known as cytokine storm syndrome. This article reported the various checkpoints targeted to manage the SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm. The literature search was carried out using PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Journal articles that discussed SARS-CoV-2 infection and cytokine storm were retrieved and appraised. Specific checkpoints identified in managing SARS-CoV-2 induced cytokine storm include a decrease in the level of Nod-Like Receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome where drugs such as quercetin and anakinra were effective. Janus kinase-2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (JAK2/STAT1) signaling pathways were blocked by medicines such as tocilizumab, baricitinib, and quercetin. In addition, inhibition of interleukin (IL)-6 with dexamethasone, tocilizumab, and sarilumab effectively treats cytokine storm and significantly reduces mortality caused by COVID-19. Blockade of IL-1 with drugs such as canakinumab and anakinra, and inhibition of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) with zanubrutinib and ibrutinib was also beneficial. These agents' overall mechanisms of action involve a decrease in circulating proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines and or blockade of their receptors. Consequently, the actions of these drugs significantly improve respiration and raise lymphocyte count and PaO2/FiO2 ratio. Targeting cytokine storms' pathogenesis genetic and molecular apparatus will substantially enhance lung function and reduce mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Rabiu Abubakar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University, PMB 3452, Kano 700233, Nigeria;
| | - Rahnuma Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh;
| | | | - Sayeeda Rahman
- School of Medicine, American University of Integrative Sciences, Bridgetown BB11114, Barbados;
| | - Katia Iskandar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon;
| | - Siddhartha Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot 360001, Gujrat, India;
| | - Angus Nnamdi Oli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, PMB 5025, Awka 420110, Nigeria;
| | - Sameer Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur 844102, Bihar, India;
| | - Maryam Abba Tor
- Department of Health and Biosciences, University of East London, University Way, London E16 2RD, UK;
| | - Ayukafangha Etando
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eswatini Medical Christian University, P.O. Box A624 Swazi Plaza Mbabane, Mbabane H101, Hhohho, Eswatini;
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, 907/A, Adalaj Uvarsad Road, Gandhinagar 382422, Gujarat, India;
| | - Mohammed Irfan
- Department of Forensics, Federal University of Pelotas, R. Gomes Carneiro, 1-Centro, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, Brazil;
| | - Marshall Gowere
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Prinshof Campus, University of Pretoria, Arcadia 0083, South Africa; (M.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Kona Chowdhury
- Department of Paediatrics, Gonoshasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh;
| | - Farhana Akter
- Department of Endocrinology, Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram 4203, Bangladesh;
| | - Dilshad Jahan
- Department of Hematology, Asgar Ali Hospital, 111/1/A Distillery Road, Gandaria Beside Dhupkhola, Dhaka 1204, Bangladesh;
| | - Natalie Schellack
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Prinshof Campus, University of Pretoria, Arcadia 0083, South Africa; (M.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Mainul Haque
- Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defense Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defense University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: or
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Lu S, Zhong Z, Guo B, Chen X, Liu G, Lin Z, Chen H, Huang S, Liang X, Zheng Y, Huang X, Wang M, Xu F, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Wang X, Zhou Y, Li S, Lee JK, Cai D, Kang J. Unidirectional Elimination of Hydrogen by a Giant Local Field Saves First- and Last-Mile Performances of Semiconductor Devices. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2084-2093. [PMID: 35213162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen, the smallest element, easily forms bonds to host/dopant atoms in semiconductors, which strongly passivates the original electronic characteristics and deteriorates the final reliability. Here, we demonstrate a concept of unidirectional elimination of hydrogen from semiconductor wafers as well as electronic chips through a giant local electric field induced by compact chloridions. We reveal an interactive behavior of chloridions, which can rapidly approach and take hydrogen atoms away from the device surface. A universal and simple technique based on a solution-mediated three-electrode system achieves efficient hydrogen elimination from various semiconductor wafers (p-GaN, p-AlGaN, SiC, and AlInP) and also complete light emitting diodes (LEDs). The p-type conductivity and light output efficiency of H-eliminated UVC LEDs have been significantly enhanced, and the lifetime is almost doubled. Moreover, we confirm that under a one-second irradiation of UVC LEDs, bacteria and COVID-19 coronavirus can be completely killed (>99.93%). This technology will accelerate the further development of the semiconductor-based electronic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Zhibai Zhong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zefeng Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Han Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shengrong Huang
- EtaDUV Department of R&D, Etanics Semiconductor Ltd, Xiamen 361006, China
| | - Xudong Liang
- Maanshan Jason Semiconductor Co., Ltd., E&T Development Zone Maanshan, Maanshan 243071, China
| | - Yuanzhi Zheng
- Maanshan Jason Semiconductor Co., Ltd., E&T Development Zone Maanshan, Maanshan 243071, China
| | | | - Mingxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fujun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Canming Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yinghui Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shuping Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - June Key Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Duanjun Cai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Junyong Kang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, CI Center for OSED, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Significance of Immune Status of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients in Determining the Efficacy of Therapeutic Interventions. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030349. [PMID: 35330349 PMCID: PMC8955701 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now being investigated for its distinctive patterns in the course of disease development which can be indicated with miscellaneous immune responses in infected individuals. Besides this series of investigations on the pathophysiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), significant fundamental immunological and physiological processes are indispensable to address clinical markers of COVID-19 disease and essential to identify or design effective therapeutics. Recent developments in the literature suggest that deficiency of type I interferon (IFN) in serum samples can be used to represent a severe progression of COVID-19 disease and can be used as the basis to develop combined immunotherapeutic strategies. Precise control over inflammatory response is a significant aspect of targeting viral infections. This account presents a brief review of the pathophysiological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the understanding of the immune status of infected patients. We further discuss the immune system’s interaction with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and their subsequent involvement of dysfunctional immune responses during the progression of the disease. Finally, we highlight some of the implications of the different approaches applicable in developing promising therapeutic interventions that redirect immunoregulation and viral infection.
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Dixit N, Singh SP. Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG) as a Smart and Sustainable Material to Restrain Pandemics and Endemics: A Perspective. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:5112-5130. [PMID: 35187327 PMCID: PMC8851616 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A healthy environment is necessary for a human being to survive. The contagious COVID-19 virus has disastrously contaminated the environment, leading to direct or indirect transmission. Therefore, the environment demands adequate prevention and control strategies at the beginning of the viral spread. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a three-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterial fabricated in a single step on a wide variety of low-cost to high-quality carbonaceous materials without using any additional chemicals potentially used for antiviral, antibacterial, and sensing applications. LIG has extraordinary properties, including high surface area, electrical and thermal conductivity, environmental-friendliness, easy fabrication, and patterning, making it a sustainable material for controlling SARS-CoV-2 or similar pandemic transmission through different sources. LIG's antiviral, antibacterial, and antibiofouling properties were mainly due to the thermal and electrical properties and texture derived from nanofibers and micropores. This perspective will highlight the conducted research and the future possibilities on LIG for its antimicrobial, antiviral, antibiofouling, and sensing applications. It will also manifest the idea of incorporating this sustainable material into different technologies like air purifiers, antiviral surfaces, wearable sensors, water filters, sludge treatment, and biosensing. It will pave a roadmap to explore this single-step fabrication technique of graphene to deal with pandemics and endemics in the coming future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Dixit
- Environmental
Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Swatantra P. Singh
- Environmental
Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- Centre
for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- Interdisciplinary
Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute
of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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Huang Y, Su X, Xiao W, Wang H, Si M, Wang W, Gu X, Ma L, Li L, Zhang S, Yang C, Yu Y, Qiao Y. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among different population groups in China: a national multicenter online survey. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:153. [PMID: 35164700 PMCID: PMC8845236 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 vaccine has been available in China since the beginning of the 2021, however, certain numbers of people are reluctant for some reasons to vaccinate. The high vaccine coverage is crucial for controlling disease transmission, however, the vaccine hesitancy might be a barrier to the establishment of sufficient herd immunization. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among different population groups, and explore common barriers and facilitators to vaccination decisions. Methods The current survey was performed among Chinese students, public health professionals, medical workers and general population from January to March 2021 from seven cities in China. The questionnaire contained sociodemographic information, concerns about infection with COVID-19, general vaccination behaviors and attitudes, the General Vaccine Hesitancy Scale, the COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale and other potential factors. Univariate analysis was conducted by chi-squared test, and variables significant at P < 0.10 were then included in a multivariable regression model. Results The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 15.6% in our study, and 23.9% of students, 21.2% of the general population, 13.1% of medical workers, and 10.4% of public health professionals had vaccine hesitancy. The results of multivariate analysis indicated that participants who had received negative information of COVID-19 vaccine (OR: 1.563, 95% CI: 1.229–1.986) and who had doubts about the information source (OR: 2.157, 95% CI: 1.697–2.742) were more likely to have vaccine hesitancy. While those who needed transparent information about COVID-19 vaccine (OR: 0.722, 95% CI: 0.535–0.973) and who would get COVID-19 vaccine if doctors recommended (OR: 0.176, 95% CI: 0.132–0.234) were less likely to have COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Conclusions Given recommendations from medical workers about vaccination can motivate people to accept COVID-19 vaccination, appropriate training in knowledge about vaccines and communication skills are necessary for them to increase public’s willingness of vaccination. Reducing the spread of misinformation and disseminating facts in a timely and accurate way will likely reduce vaccine hesitancy. Moreover, to establish suitable communication strategies and information exchange platforms between the government and the public and a warning system on infodemic would be helpful to improve public’s confidence in vaccination. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07111-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiman Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyou Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Weijun Xiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyu Si
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofen Gu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Li Ma
- Public Health School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaokai Zhang
- Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliate Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanqin Yu
- School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Research, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Youlin Qiao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
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Chen Y, Wang Q, Chi C, Wang C, Gao Q, Zhang H, Li Z, Mu Z, Xu R, Sun Z, Qian H. A collaborative robot for COVID-19 oropharyngeal swabbing. ROBOTICS AND AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS 2022; 148:103917. [PMID: 34720413 PMCID: PMC8548047 DOI: 10.1016/j.robot.2021.103917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has increased mortality and morbidity world-wide. Oropharyngeal swabbing is a well-known and commonly used sampling technique for COVID-19 diagnose around the world. We developed a robot to assist with COVID-19 oropharyngeal swabbing to prevent frontline clinical staff from being infected. The robot integrates a UR5 manipulator, rigid-flexible coupling (RFC) manipulator, force-sensing and control subsystem, visual subsystem and haptic device. The robot has strength in intrinsically safe and high repeat positioning accuracy. In addition, we also achieve one-dimensional constant force control in the automatic scheme (AS). Compared with the rigid sampling robot, the developed robot can perform the oropharyngeal swabbing procedure more safely and gently, reducing risk. Alternatively, a novel robot control schemes called collaborative manipulation scheme (CMS) which combines a automatic phase and teleoperation phase is proposed. At last, comparative experiments of three schemes were conducted, including CMS, AS, and teleoperation scheme (TS). The experimental results shows that CMS obtained the highest score according to the evaluation equation. CMS has the excellent performance in quality, experience and adaption. Therefore, the proposal of CMS is meaningful which is more suitable for robot-sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Chen
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518129, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518129, China
| | - Chuliang Chi
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518129, China
| | - Chengjiang Wang
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518129, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518129, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518129, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Department of Surgery, and Chow Yuk Ho Technology Centre for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Zonggao Mu
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, China
| | - Ruihuan Xu
- Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Zhenglong Sun
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518129, China
| | - Huihuan Qian
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, and SSE, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518129, China
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