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Zheng W, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Wang S, Yang Z. Overlapping Pattern of the Four Individual Components of Dyslipidemia in Adults: Analysis of Nationally Representative Data. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3624. [PMID: 38930152 PMCID: PMC11204754 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Dyslipidemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, among available drug treatments, only those targeted at lowering LDL-C and consequently TC have demonstrated efficacy in preventing CVD. This is to say that the benefit for those with isolated high TG or low HDL-C is limited. The objective of this study is to examine the overlapping pattern of the four dyslipidemia components in US adult populations, which is important for quantifying the proportion of those who are less likely to benefit from lipid-lowering drugs and for a more precise use of the drug. Methods: A total of 7822 participants aged over 20 with abnormalities in any of the four lipid parameters, excluding those on lipid-lowering medications, were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles spanning 1999-2000 through 2017-2018. The proportions of different combinations of them were calculated and presented using area-proportional Euler plots. Results: High TC, high LDL-C, high TG, and low HDL-C were seen in 32.8% (95% CI: 31.3%-34.2%), 28.1% (95% CI: 26.6%-29.6%), 26.7% (95% CI: 25.4%-28.0%), and 65.9% (95% CI: 64.0%-67.7%) of the people with dyslipidemia, respectively. The proportions of dyslipidemia cases attributable to "high LDL-C or high TC" (irrespective of HDL-C and TG levels), "normal LDL-C, normal TC, but high TG" (irrespective of HDL-C level), and "normal LDL-C, normal TC, normal TG, but low HDL-C" (i.e., isolated low HDL-C) accounted for 37.5% (95% CI: 35.9%-39.1%), 18.3% (95% CI: 17.2%-19.4%), and 44.2% (95% CI: 42.5%-46.0%), respectively. Conclusions: Some two-thirds of those with dyslipidemia had low HDL-C or high TG but normal LDL-C and normal TC. As these people are less likely to benefit from currently available drug treatments in terms of CVD prevention, it is important to identify other effective strategies or interventions targeted at them in order to achieve more precise and cost-effective management of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Zheng
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (W.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Jiayue Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science of Technology, Macau SAR, China;
| | - Ying Jiang
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital, and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, China;
| | - Shuting Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (W.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Zuyao Yang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (W.Z.); (S.W.)
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Zhao W, Liu Y, Zhang M, Cui Z, Qu Z, Li Y, Wan M, Wang W, Chen Y, Shi L, Li J, Ye F. Lipid safety of tenofovir alafenamide during 96-week treatment in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1399665. [PMID: 38895186 PMCID: PMC11183333 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1399665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study was aimed at investigating the dynamics of lipids and the effect of TAF on the lipid profile of patients including fatty liver disease in CHB patients. Methods The data of TC, LDL-c, HDL-c, TG, and TC/HDL ratio were collected at baseline, 24 weeks, 48 weeks, 72 weeks, and 96 weeks. CHB patients with fatty liver at baseline were further analyzed in a subgroup. Results A total of 137 CHB patients treated with TAF were enrolled in this study. During 96 weeks of TAF treatment, there was no significant change in TC, LDL-c, HDL-c, and TG level (P > 0.05). The TC/HDL-c ratio was increased with no significant change (+0.24, P > 0.05). In CHB patients with fatty liver (n = 48), TC, LDL-c, and TC/HDL-c ratio increased gradually during TAF treatment, TG levels increased to 146.63 mg/dL at 48 weeks (P = 0.057) and then decreased, but there was still no significant change compared with the baseline level by 96 weeks (P > 0.05). Conclusion TAF treatment had a low effect on the lipid profile of CHB patients over the course of 96 weeks, and it was safe even in patients with fatty liver. Clinical trial registration [https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=65123], identifier [ChiCTR2000041005].
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zixin Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhan Qu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meijuan Wan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yunru Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianzhou Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Ahari RK, Sahranavard T, Mansoori A, Fallahi Z, Babaeepoor N, Ferns G, Ghayour‐Mobarhan M. Association of atherosclerosis indices, serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and triglycerides-glucose index with hypertension: A gender-disaggregated analysis. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2024; 26:645-655. [PMID: 38751368 PMCID: PMC11180701 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed the association between atherosclerosis indices, serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the prevalence of hypertension among MASHAD cohort participants. In this cross-sectional study, the participants were divided into hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects. The atherosclerosis indices, UHR and TyG index of the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations of these indices with hypertension in both sex. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to establish the cut-off values for differentiating hypertensive from non-hypertensive subjects. p-values < .05 were considered statistically significant. Data related to 9675 subjects (3035 hypertensive and 6640 non-hypertensive) were analyzed. The mean values of atherosclerosis indices, UHR and TyG index were significantly higher (p < .001) in the hypertensives compared to non-hypertensives. After adjustment for potential confounders, among men, the TyG index (OR = 1.360; 95% CI: 1.210-1.530; p < .001) remained an independent factor for hypertension. Among women, atherogenic index of plasma (OR = 1.005; 95% CI: 1.002-1.007; p < .001), UHR (OR = 1.043; 95% CI: 1.026-1.060; p < .001) and TyG index (OR = 1.519; 95% CI: 1.376-1.677; p < .001) remained independent factors for hypertension. ROC curve analysis revealed that compare to the other indices, TyG index had a better predictive value for hypertension in both sex, especially in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Kolahi Ahari
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- International UNESCO Center for Health‐Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Toktam Sahranavard
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- International UNESCO Center for Health‐Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Amin Mansoori
- Department of Applied MathematicsSchool of Mathematical SciencesFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Zahra Fallahi
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Negin Babaeepoor
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Gordon Ferns
- Division of Medical EducationBrighton and Sussex Medical SchoolBrightonUK
| | - Majid Ghayour‐Mobarhan
- International UNESCO Center for Health‐Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Yang HH, Chen YC, Ho CC, Hsu BG. Association between the Serum Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor and Peripheral Arterial Stiffness According to the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Patients Undergoing Kidney Transplantation. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:219. [PMID: 39076328 PMCID: PMC11270095 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2506219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background High soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels are correlated with cardiovascular (CV) disease. Arterial stiffness is associated with aging-related vascular diseases and is an independent risk factor for CV morbidity and mortality. It can be measured by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). We evaluated the association between serum suPAR levels and arterial stiffness according to the CAVI in kidney transplantation (KT) recipients. Methods In this study, 82 patients undergoing KT were enrolled. Serum suPAR levels were analyzed using an enzyme immunoassay. The CAVI was measured using a plethysmograph waveform device, and patients with a CAVI of ≥ 9.0 were assigned to the peripheral arterial stiffness (PAS) group. Results Twenty KT patients (24.4%) had PAS, were of older age (p = 0.042), and had higher serum triglyceride (p = 0.023) and suPAR levels (p < 0.001) than the normal group. After adjusting for factors significantly associated with PAS by multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum suPAR levels (odds ratio [OR] 1.072, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.023-1.123; p = 0.004) were independently associated with PAS in KT patients. The logarithmically transformed suPAR level (log-suPAR) was also positively correlated with the left or right CAVI values (all p < 0.001) from the results of the Spearman correlation analysis in KT patients. Conclusions Serum suPAR levels are positively associated with left or right CAVI values and are independently associated with PAS in KT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Hui Yang
- Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical
Foundation, 97004 Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 97004 Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical
Foundation, 97004 Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 97004 Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Ho
- Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical
Foundation, 97004 Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 97004 Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 97004 Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical
Foundation, 97004 Hualien, Taiwan
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Scott DA, Ponir C, Shapiro MD, Chevli PA. Associations between insulin resistance indices and subclinical atherosclerosis: A contemporary review. Am J Prev Cardiol 2024; 18:100676. [PMID: 38828124 PMCID: PMC11143894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2024.100676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Even in the absence of hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia, it has been demonstrated that insulin resistance is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Finding markers of insulin resistance that are associated with markers of atherosclerosis could help identify patients early in their disease course and allow for earlier initiation of preventative treatments. We reviewed available evidence regarding associations between known markers of insulin resistance and known markers of atherosclerosis. Serum triglycerides (TG), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) were the insulin resistance markers reviewed. The coronary artery calcium score (CAC), carotid intimal medium thickness (cIMT), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were reviewed as markers of atherosclerosis. TyG showed the most consistent association with CAC across broad demographic groups, though HOMA showed potential in obese individuals and those without diabetes. The data regarding cIMT and the reviewed insulin resistance markers did not yield any consistent associations, though very elevated TyG did appear to be associated with cIMT among normal weight individuals. Serum triglycerides showed a strong and consistent association with PWV across numerous studies and populations, though TyG index also demonstrated a strong association with PWV in a large systematic review. Of the insulin resistance markers reviewed, the TyG index appears to be most consistently associated with markers of atherosclerosis. TyG can be easily calculated with routine labwork and has the potential to inform decisions regarding early initiation of therapies in patients who would otherwise not be treated. Targeting insulin sensitivity prior to the development of T2DM has the potential to reduce development and progression of atherosclerosis, and patients without T2DM but who have elevated TyG index should be the topic of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drake A. Scott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cynthia Ponir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael D. Shapiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Parag A. Chevli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Khan IU, Jamil Y, Khan A, Ahmad J, Iqbal A, Ali S, Hamayun M, Hussain A, Alrefaei AF, Almutairi MH, Ahmad A. Pichia pastoris Mediated Digestion of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Cress Seed Mucilage Produces Potent Antidiabetic Oligosaccharides. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:704. [PMID: 38931372 PMCID: PMC11206588 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous metabolic disorder that poses significant health and economic challenges across the globe. Polysaccharides, found abundantly in edible plants, hold promise for managing diabetes by reducing blood glucose levels (BGL) and insulin resistance. However, most of these polysaccharides cannot be digested or absorbed directly by the human body. Here we report the production of antidiabetic oligosaccharides from cress seed mucilage polysaccharides using yeast fermentation. The water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from cress seed mucilage were precipitated using 75% ethanol and fermented with Pichia pastoris for different time intervals. The digested saccharides were fractionated through gel permeation chromatography using a Bio Gel P-10 column. Structural analysis of the oligosaccharide fractions revealed the presence of galacturonic acid, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose and arabinose. Oligosaccharide fractions exhibited the potential to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The fraction DF73 exhibited strong inhibitory activity against α-amylase with IC50 values of 38.2 ± 1.12 µg/mL, compared to the positive control, acarbose, having an IC50 value of 29.18 ± 1.76 µg/mL. Similarly, DF72 and DF73 showed the highest inhibition of α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 9.26 ± 2.68 and 50.47 ± 5.18 µg/mL, respectively. In in vivo assays in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, these oligosaccharides significantly reduced BGL and improved lipid profiles compared to the reference drug metformin. Histopathological observations of mouse livers indicated the cytoprotective effects of these sugars. Taken together, our results suggest that oligosaccharides produced through microbial digestion of polysaccharides extracted from cress seed mucilage have the potential to reduce blood glucose levels, possibly through inhibition of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes and regulation of the various signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imdad Ullah Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Yusra Jamil
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Aiman Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Jalwa Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (M.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Anwar Hussain
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (M.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.F.A.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.F.A.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Ayaz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
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Li B, Zhou X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Mu Y. Remnant Cholesterol is More Strongly Associated with Arterial Stiffness than Traditional Lipids and Lipid Ratios in the General Chinese Population. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:587-602. [PMID: 38171806 PMCID: PMC11079499 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Studies on the relationship between remnant cholesterol (RC) and arterial stiffness (AS) are limited. This study aims to investigate the relationship between RC and AS and to explore RC, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), non-HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, lipoprotein combine index (LCI), and TC/HDL-C, which are lipid parameters most strongly associated with AS. METHODS A total of 4653 participants from the REACTION (Risk Evaluation of Cancers in Chinese Diabetic Individuals) study were recruited. AS was defined as a brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity of ≥ 1400 cm/s. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to detect its association with lipid parameters (RC, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LCI, and TC/HDL-C). RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with other traditional or non-traditional lipid parameters, the association between RC and AS was the strongest (odds ratio (OR) 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30-1.95, P<0.001). In the stratified analysis, RC was significantly associated with AS in both sexes and at any age, as well as blood glucose, blood pressure, and body mass index levels. Besides, RC and AS were still significantly associated when TG<1.7 mmol/L (OR:1.58, 95% CI: 1.02-2.45, P=0.04), LDL-C <3.4 mmol/L (OR:1.32, 95% CI: 1.01-1.73, P=0.041), HDL-C ≥ 1.0 mmol/L (OR:1.67, 95% CI: 1.34-2.08, P<0.001), or non-HDL-C<4.1 mmol/L (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.10-1.82, P=0.007) are controlled within the appropriate range. CONCLUSION In conclusion, compared with traditional lipids and lipid ratios, RC is more strongly associated with AS. The association between RC and AS remains significant even when TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, or non-HDL-C levels are controlled within the appropriate range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binqi Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Endocrinology, First medical center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China>
- The Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China>
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, First medical center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Endocrinology, First medical center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhong W, Zhao A, Wei X, Mao S, Li P, Shen Q, Zhang H, Jiang H, Wang P, Zhang Y. The Effect of Sn-2 Palmitate on Blood Glucose, Lipids and Body Composition in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:973. [PMID: 38613008 PMCID: PMC11013204 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sn-2 palmitate is widely used in infant formula. However, little is known about its effects on metabolism and body composition in middle-aged and elderly adults. In a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial, we enrolled Chinese adults aged 45-75 years with self-reported constipation. Individuals were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerol (OPO)-enriched oil (66% palmitic acid in the sn-2 position) or a control vegetable oil (24% palmitic acid in the sn-2 position) daily for 24 weeks. Skim milk powder was used as the carrier for both fats. Interviews and body composition were performed at baseline, week 4, week 12 and week 24. A fasting blood draw was taken except at week 4. This study was a secondary analysis and considered exploratory. A total of 111 adults (83 women and 28 men, mean age 64.2 ± 7.0 years) were enrolled, of whom 53 were assigned to the OPO group and 57 to the control group. During the intervention, blood glucose, triglyceride, the triglyceride-glucose index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and remnant cholesterol remained stable, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased in both groups (p = 0.003). No differences in change were observed between the groups (all p > 0.05). From baseline to week 24, the level of visceral fat increased slightly (p = 0.017), while body weight, total body water, protein, soft lean mass, fat-free mass, skeletal muscle and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) decreased in two groups (p < 0.01). At weeks 4, 12 and 24, the SMI decreased less in the OPO group than in the control group, with a trend towards significance (p = 0.090). A 24-week daily intake of sn-2-palmitate-enriched oil had no adverse impact on fasting blood glucose, lipids and body composition compared with the control vegetable oil in Chinese adults (funded by Chinese Nutrition Society National Nutrition Science Research Grant, National Key Research and Development Program of China and Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd.; ChiCTR1900026480).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuxian Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (W.Z.); (S.M.); (P.L.); (Q.S.)
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuetao Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Shuai Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (W.Z.); (S.M.); (P.L.); (Q.S.)
| | - Pin Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (W.Z.); (S.M.); (P.L.); (Q.S.)
| | - Qianqian Shen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (W.Z.); (S.M.); (P.L.); (Q.S.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China;
| | - Hua Jiang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (W.Z.); (S.M.); (P.L.); (Q.S.)
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Catinis AM, Hinojosa AJ, Leonardi C, Cook MW. Hepatic Vagotomy in Patients With Obesity Leads to Improvement of the Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio. Obes Surg 2023; 33:3740-3745. [PMID: 37924466 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE The obesity epidemic is rapidly growing, and visceral adiposity is associated with metabolic consequences secondary to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-induced inter-organ signaling pathways. PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors that modulate vagal pathways which can improve blood pressure, arterial remodeling, cholesterol levels, and insulin sensitivity. However, an obesity-induced inflammatory milieu can interfere with the beneficial effects of PPAR activity, suggesting that a dysregulated PPAR-vagus pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension. Therefore, we hypothesized that hepatic vagotomy (HV) in patients with obesity would result in a significant reduction in blood pressure and/or the number of hypertension medications compared to control. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of 160 patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Patients were divided into HV and control groups, and information was collected at each clinic visit. RESULTS At six-months post-operation, the HV group was found to have significantly lower total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratios than the control group. The HV group also had a numerically better blood profile for TC, HDL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and LDL/HDL ratio. Hypertensive patients in the HV group showed numerically lower hypertension medication counts after six weeks when compared to control. CONCLUSION We present the first study to report clinically significant changes related to HV in human subjects. Our results did not support our initial hypothesis but did demonstrate an improvement of the TC/HDL ratio with HV in patients with obesity. Future studies should confirm these findings in a randomized control trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Catinis
- LSUHSC School of Medicine, 433 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Ashlin J Hinojosa
- LSUHSC School of Medicine, 433 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Claudia Leonardi
- LSUHSC School of Public Health, 2020 Gravier St, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Michael W Cook
- LSU Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, 433 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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10
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Wang H, Mo Z, Sui H, Qi Y, Xu P, Zheng J, Zhang T, Qi X, Cui C. Association of baseline and dynamic arterial stiffness status with dyslipidemia: a cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1243673. [PMID: 38075050 PMCID: PMC10704037 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1243673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Dyslipidemia is known to contribute to arterial stiffness, while the inverse association remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the association of baseline arterial stiffness and its changes, as determined by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), with dyslipidemia onset in the general population. Methods This study enrolled participants from Beijing Health Management Cohort using measurements of the first visit from 2012 to 2013 as baseline, and followed until the dyslipidemia onset or the end of 2019. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox proportional regression models were used to evaluate the associations of baseline baPWV and baPWV transition (persistent low, onset, remitted and persistent high) with incident dyslipidemia. Results Of 4362 individuals (mean age: 55.5 years), 1490 (34.2%) developed dyslipidemia during a median follow-up of 5.9 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with elevated arterial stiffness at baseline had an increased risk of dyslipidemia (HR, 1.194; 95% CI, 1.050-1.358). Compared with persistent low baPWV, new-onset and persistent high baPWV were associated with a 51.2% and 37.1% excess risk of dyslipidemia. Conclusion The findings indicated that arterial stiffness is an early risk factor of dyslipidemia, suggesting a bidirectional association between arterial stiffness and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xin Qi
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Cancan Cui
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Jilin, China
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11
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Su X, Yuan X, Li F, Yang G, Du L, Zhao F, Zhao R, Ou M. Expression level and clinical significance of LncRNA PVT1 in the serum of patients with LEASO. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16057. [PMID: 37744231 PMCID: PMC10516103 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our study aims to investigate the long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (lncRNA PVT1) in lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (LEASO) patient serum and its clinical significance in LEASO. Patients and Methods From July 2021 to April 2022, 133 LEASO patients diagnosed at the Qingdao Municipal Hospital were included. Among them, 44 complicated with coronary artery disease (CAD) were classified as the LEASO with CAD group. The remaining 89 were marked as the LEASO group, which was classified into single (n = 48) and double (n = 41) lower limb groups, with the former being subclassified into the left (n = 28) and right (n = 20) lower limb groups based on the affected sites. Fifty healthy individuals who came to our hospital for physical examination during the same period were randomly included and defined as the Healthy Control group. PVT1 expression was detected in serum samples from each group using a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction , and differences in expression levels were calculated. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) of patients in the LEASO group was measured using a sphygmomanometer, and its correlation with PVT1 was analyzed. Clinical data and laboratory test results (including blood routine, liver and renal function, and blood lipids) were collected for all patients upon admission. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the influence of PVT1 and laboratory test results on LEASO. The diagnosis and prediction of LEASO were obtained by combing PVT1 with laboratory test indicators. Results It was found that lncRNA PVT1 expression was the highest in the serum of the LEASO with CAD group, followed by the LEASO and control groups (P < 0.05). Within the LEASO group, no significant difference in PVT1 expression was seen between the left and right limbs (P > 0.05), nor between the single and double lower limb groups. Furthermore, the PVT1 expression increased with the Rutherford grades, indicating a negative correlation between PVT1 and ABI. Logistic regression analysis revealed that triglycerides (OR = 2.972, 95% CI [1.159-7.618]), cholesterol (OR = 6.655, 95% CI [1.490-29.723]), C-reactive protein (OR = 1.686, 95% CI [1.218-2.335]), and PVT1 (OR = 2.885, 95% CI [1.350-6.167]) were independent risk factors for LEASO. Finally, strong sensitivity was observed in the receiver operating characteristic curve when combining PVT1 with meaningful laboratory indicators to diagnose and predict LEASO. Conclusion lncRNA PVT1 promotes LEASO occurrence and progression and is related to atherosclerosis severity. The expression of PVT1 was negatively correlated with ABI. Logistic regression analysis suggested that blood lipid levels and inflammatory reactions might be related to LEASO occurrence. PVT1 was incorporated into laboratory indicators to predict LEASO. The subject's working curve area was large, and the prediction results were highly sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- Guangzhou Kingmed Diagnostics Group, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fenghui Li
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | | | | | | | - Rui Zhao
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Minghui Ou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Qingdao, China
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12
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Wang X, Feng Y, Yang L, Zhang G, Tian X, Ling Q, Tan J, Cai J. Association of baseline serum cholesterol with benefits of intensive blood pressure control. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2058-2065. [PMID: 37525354 PMCID: PMC10476779 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) control improved outcomes in the Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients (STEP) trial. Whether baseline serum lipid parameters influence the benefits of intensive SBP control is unclear. METHODS The STEP trial was a randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of intensive (SBP target of 110 to <130 mmHg) and standard (SBP target of 130 to <150 mmHg) SBP control in Chinese patients aged 60 to 80 years with hypertension. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular disease events. A total of 8283 participants from the STEP study were included in this post hoc analysis to examine whether the effects of the SBP intervention differed by baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) concentrations. RESULTS Regardless of the randomized SBP intervention, baseline LDL-C and non-HDL-C concentrations had a J-shaped association with the hazard of the primary outcome. However, the effects of the intensive SBP intervention on the primary outcome were not influenced by baseline LDL-C level ( P for interaction = 0.80) and non-HDL-C level ( P for interaction = 0.95). Adjusted subgroup analysis using tertiles in LDL-C1 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52-1.13; P = 0.18), LDL-C2 (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.55-1.20; P = 0.29), and LDL-C3 (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.47-0.98; P = 0.04) was provided, with an interaction P value of 0.49. Similar results were showed in non-HDL-C1 (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.59-1.29; P = 0.49), non-HDL-C2 (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.48-1.04; P = 0.08), and non-HDL-C3 (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47-0.95; P = 0.03), with an interaction P -value of 0.47. CONCLUSION High baseline serum LDL-C and non-HDL-C concentrations were associated with increased risk of primary cardiovascular disease outcome, but there was no evidence that the benefit of the intensive SBP control differed by baseline LDL-C and non-HDL-C concentrations. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03015311.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhenjiang First People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212021, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Qianhui Ling
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jiangshan Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
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13
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Hussain A, Zakria M, Ali I, Tariq SA, Hussain A, Siraj S. Pattern of dyslipidemia and associated factors in coronary artery disease patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A cross-sectional secondary data analysis. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:1416-1421. [PMID: 37680793 PMCID: PMC10480735 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.5.7382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the prevalence, pattern, and associated factors of dyslipidemia in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Northwest region of Pakistan. Method A cross-sectional secondary data analysis was performed on CAD patients visiting cardiology clinics in selected hospitals from July to December 2019. A total of 362 patients were included via consecutive sampling. Dyslipidemia was operationalized according to the "National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP III) guidelines". Results Mixed dyslipidemia was recorded in 92.26% of the patients, while isolated dyslipidemia was observed in 5.24%. A high prevalence of combined dyslipidemia with increased LDL-C, TG, and low HDL-C was noted. Contrarily, elevated LDL-C was the commonest single lipid disorder (84.25%). Hypercholesterolemia was the least common disorder. Increasing BMI was found to be independently associated with hypercholesterolemia (OR: 1.19). Similarly, age (OR: 0.97) and being a rural resident (OR: 2.61) were independent factors associated with hypertriglyceridemia. Furthermore, being an urban resident (OR: 2.25) and increasing BMI (OR: 1.77) were also significantly associated with high LDL-C. Conclusion Mixed dyslipidemias were observed in the majority of the patients. Age, BMI, and residence were noted to be independently associated with abnormal lipids. Early screening and proper management should be encouraged to minimize this significant cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Hussain
- Arif Hussain, Pharm D, MPhil, PhD scholar Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zakria
- Dr. Muhammad Zakria, Pharm D, PhD Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Iftikhar Ali, Pharm D, MPH. Pharmacist, Paraplegic Centre, Hayatabad Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shafiq Ahmad Tariq
- Prof. Dr. Shafiq Ahmad Tariq, B Pharm, MPhil, PhD. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Hussain
- Dr. Arshad Hussain, FRCP (Edinburg), FRCP (Glasgow) Consultant Endocrinologist, Department of Medicine, Northwest General hospital & Research Centre, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sami Siraj
- Dr. Sami Siraj, B Pharm, MPhil, PhD. Associate Professor, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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14
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Barale C, Melchionda E, Tempesta G, Morotti A, Russo I. Impact of Physical Exercise on Platelets: Focus on Its Effects in Metabolic Chronic Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1609. [PMID: 37627603 PMCID: PMC10451697 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic disorders are strongly linked to cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and it is unanimously accepted that regular exercise training is a key tool to improving CV risk factors, including diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Increased oxidative stress due to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and their scavenging by endogenous antioxidant capacity is the common ground among these metabolic disorders, and each of them affects platelet function. However, the correction of hyperglycemia in diabetes and lipid profile in dyslipidemia as well as the lowering of body weight in obesity all correlate with amelioration of platelet function. Habitual physical exercise triggers important mechanisms related to the exercise benefits for health improvement and protects against CV events. Platelets play an important role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including the development of arterial thrombosis, and physical (in)activity has been shown to interfere with platelet function. Although data reported by studies carried out on this topic show discrepancies, the current knowledge on platelet function affected by exercise mainly depends on the type of applied exercise intensity and whether acute or habitual, strenuous or moderate, thus suggesting that physical activity and exercise intensity may interfere with platelet function differently. Thus, this review is designed to cover the aspects of the relationship between physical exercise and vascular benefits, with an emphasis on the modulation of platelet function, especially in some metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Isabella Russo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Regione Gonzole, 10, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (E.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.)
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15
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Li L, Zhou J, Li Y, Wang F, Zhang D, Wang M, Tao Y, Chen E. Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir amibufenamide and its comparison with tenofovir alafenamide in patients with chronic hepatitis B: results from a retrospective real-world study. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1165990. [PMID: 37324480 PMCID: PMC10267382 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1165990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aim: Tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) has shown potent antiviral efficacy in randomized clinical studies. This study aimed to reveal the effectiveness and safety of tenofovir amibufenamide in the real world and compared tenofovir amibufenamide to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods: In this retrospective study, tenofovir amibufenamide-treated chronic hepatitis B patients were divided into treatment-naive (TN) and treatment-experienced (TE) groups. Furthermore, tenofovir alafenamide-treated patients were enrolled using the propensity score matching method (PSM). We assessed the virological response (VR, HBV DNA < 100 IU/mL) rate, renal function, and blood lipid changes during 24 weeks of treatment. Results: Virologic response rates at week 24 were 93% (50/54) in the treatment-naive group and 95% (61/64) in the treatment-experienced group. The ratios of alanine transaminase (ALT) normalization were 89% (25/28) in the treatment-naive group and 71% (10/14) in the treatment-experienced group (p = 0.306). Additionally, serum creatinine decreased in both the treatment-naive and treatment-experienced groups, (-4.44 ± 13.55 μmol/L vs. -4.14 ± 9.33 μmol/L, p = 0.886), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) increased (7.01 ± 12.49 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 5.50 ± 8.16 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.430), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels increased (0.09 ± 0.71 mmol/L vs. 0.27 ± 0.68 mmol/L, p = 0.152), whereas total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) levels decreased continuously from 3.26 ± 1.05 to 2.49 ± 0.72 in the treatment-naive group and from 3.31 ± 0.99 to 2.88 ± 0.77 in the treatment-experienced group. Using propensity score matching, we further compared virologic response rates between the tenofovir amibufenamide and tenofovir alafenamide cohorts. Virologic response rates in treatment-naive patients were higher in the tenofovir amibufenamide cohort [92% (35/38) vs. 74% (28/38), p = 0.033]. Virologic response rates in treatment-experienced patients showed no statistical difference between the tenofovir amibufenamide and tenofovir alafenamide cohorts. Conclusion: Tenofovir amibufenamide had profound antiviral effectiveness and no adverse effects on renal function or blood lipids. Additionally, tenofovir amibufenamide was more efficient than tenofovir alafenamide in inhibiting viral replication, which needs to be demonstrated in future studies.
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16
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Sivri F, Öztürk Ceyhan B. Increased Plasma Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Levels and Poor Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease. Tex Heart Inst J 2023; 50:493360. [PMID: 37270295 DOI: 10.14503/thij-22-7934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the relationship between coronary collateral circulation (CCC) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Coronary collateral circulation plays a critical role in supporting blood flow, particularly in the ischemic myocardium. Previous studies show that non-HDL-C plays a more important role in the formation and progression of atherosclerosis than do standard lipid parameters. METHODS A total of 226 patients with stable CAD and stenosis of more than 95% in at least 1 epicardial coronary artery were included in the study. Rentrop classification was used to assign patients into group 1 (n = 85; poor collateral) or 2 (n = 141; good collateral). To adjust for the observed imbalance in baseline covariates between study groups, propensity-score matching was used. Covariates were diabetes, Gensini score, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use. RESULTS In the propensity-matched population, the plasma non-HDL-C level (mean [SD], 177.86 [44.0] mg/dL vs 155.6 [46.21] mg/dL; P = .001) was statistically higher in the poor-collateral group. LDL-C (odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% CI, 1.11-1.30; P = .01), non-HDL-C (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.20-1.51; P = .01), C-reactive protein (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11-1.32; P = .03), systemic immune-inflammation index (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.21; P = .01), and C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.06-1.17; P = .01) remained independent predictors of CCC in multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION Non-HDL-C was an independent risk factor for developing poor CCC in stable CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Sivri
- Department of Cardiology, Nazilli State Hospital, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Banu Öztürk Ceyhan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medinova Hospital, Aydin, Turkey
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Baba M, Maris M, Jianu D, Luca CT, Stoian D, Mozos I. The Impact of the Blood Lipids Levels on Arterial Stiffness. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10030127. [PMID: 36975891 PMCID: PMC10056627 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is a recognized predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and death. It is an early indicator of arteriosclerosis and is influenced by numerous risk factors and biological processes. The lipid metabolism is crucial and standard blood lipids, non-conventional lipid markers and lipid ratios are associated with arterial stiffness. The objective of this review was to determine which lipid metabolism marker has a greater correlation with vascular aging and arterial stiffness. Triglycerides (TG) are the standard blood lipids that have the strongest associations with arterial stiffness, and are often linked to the early stages of cardiovascular diseases, particularly in patients with low LDL-C levels. Studies often show that lipid ratios perform better overall than any of the individual variables used alone. The relation between arterial stiffness and TG/HDL-C has the strongest evidence. It is the lipid profile of atherogenic dyslipidemia that is found in several chronic cardio-metabolic disorders, and is considered one of the main causes of lipid-dependent residual risk, regardless of LDL-C concentration. Recently, the use of alternative lipid parameters has also been increasing. Both non-HDL and ApoB are very well correlated with arterial stiffness. Remnant cholesterol is also a promising alternative lipid parameter. The findings of this review suggest that the main focus should be on blood lipids and arterial stiffness, especially in individuals with cardio-metabolic disorders and residual cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Baba
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300173 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Maris
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300173 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Functional Sciences-Pathophysiology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300173 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Jianu
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Military Hospital, 300080 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Constantin Tudor Luca
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dana Stoian
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center of Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Mozos
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300173 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Functional Sciences-Pathophysiology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300173 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence:
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Wu Z, Wang J, Zhang H, Pan H, Li Z, Liu Y, Miao X, Han Z, Kang X, Li X, Guo X, Tao L, Wang W. Longitudinal association of remnant cholesterol with joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression beyond LDL cholesterol. BMC Med 2023; 21:42. [PMID: 36747220 PMCID: PMC9903550 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis are closely related with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Remnant cholesterol (RC) could predict CVD. However, its effect on joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association of RC with joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression trajectories in the general population. METHODS This study collected data across five biennial surveys of the Beijing Health Management Cohort from 2010 to 2019. Multi-trajectory model was used to determine the joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression patterns by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle brachial index (ABI). We also performed discordance analyses for RC vs. low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) using ordinal logistics model. RESULTS A total of 3186 participants were included, with three clusters following distinct arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression patterns identified using a multi-trajectory model. In the multivariable-adjusted ordinal logistics analyses, RC was significantly associated with baPWV and ABI progression (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.13-1.28, per 10 mg/dL). For the discordance analyses, the discordant low RC group was associated with decreased risk compared to the concordant group (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.60-0.89). People with a high RC level were at an increased risk of joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression, even with optimal LDL-C. CONCLUSIONS RC is independently associated with joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression beyond LDL-C. RC could be an earlier risk factor than LDL-C of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Wu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China.,Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Jinqi Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Haiping Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Huiying Pan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xinlei Miao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ze Han
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | | | - Xia Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.
| | - Lixin Tao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia.
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Ahmed GO, Rahimi Z, Kohsari M, Shakiba E. The influence of LPL S447X variants and obesity on lipid profile, oxidative stress, and the risk of T2DM: A case-control study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1031. [PMID: 36605456 PMCID: PMC9808153 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The present study aimed to investigate the association between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) S447X polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, lipid profile, and oxidative stress parameters in a population from the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Method We studied 250 adults (51% female and 49% male) aged 45-65 years in four groups, obese and normal body mass index (BMI) diabetic patients versus healthy normal BMI and obese individuals as controls. Lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed by colorimetric assay. The LPL S447X genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results We found that the obese diabetic group had higher levels of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and lower level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol than other groups. Obese diabetic patients had higher anthropometric indices than nonobese diabetic patients, obese and normal BMI controls. The levels of TG and total oxidative status (TOS) were significantly lower and higher, respectively, in normal BMI controls than in obese controls. Obese diabetic patients had a lower level of total antioxidant capacity than nondiabetic obese controls. The level of TOS was lower in nondiabetic controls compared to the patient groups. Obese diabetic patients had the highest TOS and malondialdehyde levels. The LPL SX genotype was associated with decreased the risk of T2DM by 79% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05-0.81, p = 0.03). Also, the presence of this genotype reduced the risk of obesity by 39% (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.07-4.90, p = 0.6). In all individuals, the presence of the SX genotype was associated with significantly lower levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS) and TOS. Conclusion We report the influence of obesity on lipid profile in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals and the effect of LPL SX genotype on decreased risk of T2DM and reduced levels of FBS and TOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulshan Omar Ahmed
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Zohreh Rahimi
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran,Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Maryam Kohsari
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Ebrahim Shakiba
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
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Zheng Q, Wang H, Wang X, Lan Y, Wu W, Yu X, Huang Z, Chen Z, Cai Z, Lin Q, Zhou H, Zhu Y, Liu M, Wu K, Zheng H, Wu S, Chen Y. Individual and combined contributions of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity to cardiovascular disease risk: Results of a prospective study using the Kailuan cohort. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1105464. [PMID: 36844718 PMCID: PMC9947564 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1105464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterize the relationship of a combination of circulating non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (non-HDL-C) concentration and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) with cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study of the residents of the Kailuan community, with data from a total of 45,051 participants being included in the final analysis. The participants were allocated to four groups according to their non-HDL-C and baPWV status, each of which was categorized as high or normal. Cox proportional hazards models were used to explore the relationships of non-HDL-C and baPWV, individually and in combination, with the incidence of CVD. RESULTS During the 5.04-year follow-up period, 830 participants developed CVD. Compared with the Normal non-HDL-C group independently, the multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD in the High non-HDL-C was 1.25 (1.08-1.46). Compared with the Normal baPWV group independently, the HRs and 95% CIs for CVD in the High baPWV was 1.51 (1.29-1.76). In addition, compared with the Normal both non-HDL-C and baPWV group, the HRs and 95% CIs for CVD in the High non-HDL-C and normal baPWV, Normal non-HDL-C and high baPWV, and High both non-HDL-C and baPWV groups were 1.40 (1.07-1.82), 1.56 (1.30-1.88), and 1.89 (1.53-2.35), respectively. CONCLUSION High non-HDL-C concentration and high baPWV are independently associated with a higher risk of CVD, and individuals with high both non-HDL-C and baPWV are at a still higher risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongbing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xianxuan Wang
- Graduate School, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Youmian Lan
- Graduate School, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiang Wu
- Graduate School, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinran Yu
- Graduate School, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zegui Huang
- Graduate School, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zekai Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Zefeng Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Neurology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Houshi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Yongdong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Muyuan Liu
- Department of Head and Neck, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kuangyi Wu
- Graduate School, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huancong Zheng
- Graduate School, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Shouling Wu ✉
| | - Youren Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Youren Chen ✉
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21
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Gaggini M, Gorini F, Vassalle C. Lipids in Atherosclerosis: Pathophysiology and the Role of Calculated Lipid Indices in Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Hyperlipidemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010075. [PMID: 36613514 PMCID: PMC9820080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of lipids is essential in any phase of the atherosclerotic process, which is considered a chronic lipid-related and inflammatory condition. The traditional lipid profile (including the evaluation of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein) is a well-established tool to assess the risk of atherosclerosis and as such has been widely used as a pillar of cardiovascular disease prevention and as a target of pharmacological treatments in clinical practice over the last decades. However, other non-traditional lipids have emerged as possible alternative predictors of cardiometabolic risk in addition to traditional single or panel lipids, as they better reflect the overall interaction between lipid/lipoprotein fractions. Therefore, this review deals with the lipid involvement characterizing the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, discussing some recently proposed non-traditional lipid indices and, in the light of available knowledge, their actual potential as new additive tools to better stratify cardiovascular risk in patients with hyperlipidemia as well as possible therapeutic targets in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Gaggini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR—Regione Toscana G Monasterio, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
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22
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Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Abbasnezhad M, Kheirouri S, Alizadeh M. Efficacy of nigella sativa oil on endothelial function and atherogenic indices in patients with coronary artery diseases: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-control clinical trial. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4516-4526. [PMID: 35871718 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A therapeutic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects might be a practical approach in endothelial dysfunction caused by oxidation and inflammation associated with atherosclerosis. Therefore, we aim to examine the efficacy of Nigella sativa (NS) oil supplementation on endothelial function and atherogenic indices in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Sixty individuals aged between 35 to 65 years old were recruited and divided into two groups, receiving either 2 g/daily of NS oil or sunflower oil as the placebo for 8 weeks. Serum levels of adhesion molecules, oxidative markers, and atherogenic parameters were evaluated at the starting point and the end of supplementation. Serum levels of vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (sVCAM-1) [-264.44 95% C, (156.83, 372.04)], intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) [-132.38 95% C, (40.64, 224.1)], and malondialdehyde (MDA) [-0.21 95% C, (0.03, 0.40)] declined significantly following NS supplementation, while total antioxidant capacity increased [0.03 95% C, (0.03, 0.16)]. NS oil supplementation demonstrated a potential beneficial effect on endothelial function by reducing ICAM-1, VCAM-1 levels and affecting oxidative markers. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate NS oil as a therapeutic agent and complementary therapy in patients with stable CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mohammad Tavakoli-Rouzbehani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Abbasnezhad
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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23
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Platelet Redox Imbalance in Hypercholesterolemia: A Big Problem for a Small Cell. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911446. [PMID: 36232746 PMCID: PMC9570056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and their scavenging by anti-oxidant defences is the common soil of many disorders, including hypercholesterolemia. Platelets, the smallest blood cells, are deeply involved in the pathophysiology of occlusive arterial thrombi associated with myocardial infarction and stroke. A great deal of evidence shows that both increased intraplatelet ROS synthesis and impaired ROS neutralization are implicated in the thrombotic process. Hypercholesterolemia is recognized as cause of atherosclerosis, cerebro- and cardiovascular disease, and, closely related to this, is the widespread acceptance that it strongly contributes to platelet hyperreactivity via direct oxidized LDL (oxLDL)-platelet membrane interaction via scavenger receptors such as CD36 and signaling pathways including Src family kinases (SFK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. In turn, activated platelets contribute to oxLDL generation, which ends up propagating platelet activation and thrombus formation through a mechanism mediated by oxidative stress. When evaluating the effect of lipid-lowering therapies on thrombogenesis, a large body of evidence shows that the effects of statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors are not limited to the reduction of LDL-C but also to the down-regulation of platelet reactivity mainly by mechanisms sensitive to intracellular redox balance. In this review, we will focus on the role of oxidative stress-related mechanisms as a cause of platelet hyperreactivity and the pathophysiological link of the pleiotropism of lipid-lowering agents to the beneficial effects on platelet function.
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Lin YH, Liu YH, Wu DW, Su HM, Chen SC. Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Incident Hypertension in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163277. [PMID: 36014784 PMCID: PMC9416084 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for hypertension and is strongly associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and stroke. In this study, we investigated correlations between lipid profiles, including triglycerides, total cholesterol (Chol), high-and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C/LDL-C), and Chol/HDL-C, and baseline and incident hypertension. A total of 26,965 subjects with 4 years of follow-up data were enrolled from the Taiwan Biobank. In the cross-sectional cohort, associations between the prevalence of hypertension and lipid profiles were examined in all study participants (n = 26,965). In the longitudinal cohort, these associations were further assessed in the participants without baseline hypertension (n = 21,454). Multivariable analysis revealed that those in the second quartile (Q2) of triglycerides (compared to Q1; odds ratio (OR), 1.402; p < 0.001); Q3 of triglycerides (compared to Q1; OR, 1.365; p < 0.001); Q4 of triglycerides (compared to Q1; OR, 1.617; p < 0.001); Q3 of HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 0.886; p = 0.042); Q4 of HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 0.819; p = 0.002); Q2 of Chol/HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 1.144; p = 0.042); Q3 of Chol/HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 1.149; p = 0.034); and Q4 of Chol/HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 1.225; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with incident hypertension. In summary, high Chol/HDL-C, low HDL-C, and high triglycerides were associated with a higher risk of incident hypertension in the enrolled Taiwanese participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsueh Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Da-Wei Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ming Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440); Fax: +886-7-8063346
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25
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Arterial Stiffness in Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease: A Review of Clinical Studies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113146. [PMID: 35683533 PMCID: PMC9180991 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence shows that arterial stiffness measurement provides important prognostic information and improves clinical stratification of cardiovascular risk. Thyroid and parathyroid diseases are endocrine diseases with a relevant cardiovascular burden. The objective of this review was to consider the relationship between arterial stiffness and thyroid and parathyroid diseases in human clinical studies. We performed a systematic literature review of articles published in PubMed/MEDLINE from inception to December 2021, restricted to English languages and to human adults. We selected relevant articles about the relationship between arterial stiffness and thyroid and parathyroid diseases. For each selected article, data on arterial stiffness were extracted and factors that may have an impact on arterial stiffness were identified. We considered 24 papers concerning hypothyroidism, 9 hyperthyroidism and 16 primary hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism. Most studies evidenced an increase in arterial stiffness biomarkers in hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and primary hyperparathyroidism, even in subclinical and mild forms, although heterogeneity of measurement methods and of study designs prevented a definitive conclusion, suggesting that the assessment of arterial stiffness may be considered in the clinical evaluation of cardiovascular risk in these diseases.
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26
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Vallée A. Association Between Lipids and Arterial Stiffness for Primary Cardiovascular Prevention in a General Middle-Aged European Population. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:899841. [PMID: 35711343 PMCID: PMC9197205 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.899841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia contributes to the progression of arterial stiffness (AS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of the different lipid parameters with arterial stiffness index (ASI) in a middle-aged population free of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Methods Among 71,326 volunteers from the UK Biobank population, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], apolipoproteins A and B (Apo A and Apo B), and ASI were measured. Values for non-HDL, TC/HDL, TG/HDL, and LDL/HDL were calculated. AS was defined as an ASI > 10 m/s. Associations between lipid parameters and ASI were performed using multiple linear logistic regressions. The results reported from univariate models were the squared partial correlation coefficient, r 2, and from multivariate models, the adjusted coefficient of determination, R 2, to describe the contribution of ASI variability for each lipid parameter. Results We found that TG/HDL was mainly associated with ASI [β = 0.53 (0.01), r 2 = 3.66%, p < 0.001 and adjusted β = 0.21 (0.01), R 2 = 13.58%, p < 0.001] and AS [odds ratio (OR) = 1.86 (1.80-1.92), r 2 = 1.65%, p < 0.001 and adjusted OR = 1.15 (1.13-1.17), R 2 = 8.54%, p < 0.001] rather than the others. TG/HDL remained the only lipid parameter that showed added value in linear multivariate models. TG/HDL remained less associated with AS than age (r 2 = 5.55%, p < 0.001), mean blood pressure (BP; r 2 = 5.31%, p < 0.001), and gender (r 2 = 4.44%, p < 0.001), but more highly associated than body mass index (BMI; r 2 = 1.95%, p < 0.001), heart rate (HR; r 2 = 0.81%, p < 0.001), fasting glucose (r 2 = 0.18%, p < 0.001), tobacco (r 2 = 0.05%, p < 0.001), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR; r 2 = 0.01%, p < 0.001). Conclusions In primary CV prevention, lipids, especially through the TG/HDL ratio, could be more instructive in preventing the increase in AS than other modifiable factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Epidemiology-Data-Biostatistics, Delegation of Clinical Research and Innovation (DRCI), Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
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27
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Wang Z, Li M, Xie J, Gong J, Liu N. Association between remnant cholesterol and arterial stiffness: A secondary analysis based on a cross-sectional study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 24:26-37. [PMID: 34750951 PMCID: PMC8783357 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between conventional lipid parameters and arterial stiffness (AS) has been verified by previous studies. However, it remains unknown whether non‐conventional lipid parameters have certain predictive effect on AS represented by brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Therefore, the study was to explore the relationship between remnant cholesterol (RC) and other non‐conventional lipid parameters and AS in the general population free from cardiovascular disease. The study included 912 participants aged 24–84 years from a medical health checkup center of Murakami Memorial Hospital. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the association between non‐conventional lipid parameters and AS. The results showed that compared with non‐AS group, the AS group had higher RC, non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non‐HDL‐C), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipoprotein combine index (LCI), atherosclerosis index (AI), triglycerides/HDL‐C (TG/HDL‐C), Castelli's risk index I (CRI‐I) and Castelli's risk index II (CRI‐II). Then, the authors divided participants into two groups by the optimal cutoff point of 23.6 of RC determined by Youden index. The baPWV was significantly higher in higher RC group compared with lower RC group, and RC was positively correlated with baPWV. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, regarding lower RC as reference, higher RC was independently associated with higher risk of AS, independent of other risk factors (OR = 1.794, 95% CI: 1.267‐2.539, p = .001). The area under the curve of AS predicted by RC was higher than that of other non‐conventional lipid parameters (almost all p < .05). The findings indicated that increased RC was a significant predictor of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Naifeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Hasheminasabgorji E, Jha JC. Dyslipidemia, Diabetes and Atherosclerosis: Role of Inflammation and ROS-Redox-Sensitive Factors. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111602. [PMID: 34829831 PMCID: PMC8615779 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is growing at an alarming rate with increased disability, morbidity, and often premature mortality because of the various complications of this disorder. Chronic hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and other metabolic alterations lead to the development and progression of macro- and microvascular complications of diabetes including cardiovascular, retinal and kidney disease. Despite advances in glucose and lipid lowering treatments, a large number of diabetic individuals develop one or more types of these complications, ultimately leading to end-organ damage over the time. Atherosclerosis is the major macro-vascular complications of diabetes and the primary underlying cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) posing heavy burden on the health care system. In this review, we discuss the involvement of dyslipidemia in the progression of atherosclerosis by activating the pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related factors. In addition, we also provide information on various pharmacological agents that provides protection against diabetic atherosclerosis by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hasheminasabgorji
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran;
| | - Jay C. Jha
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Chen JJ, Wu HT, Haryadi B. Reactive Hyperemia-Triggered Wrist Pulse Analysis for Early Monitoring of Young Men with High Atherosclerotic Risk. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1918. [PMID: 34679616 PMCID: PMC8535088 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in young adults has raised significant concern regarding the early identification of risk factors to allow for timely intervention. This study aimed to identify young males at risk of atherosclerosis using a noninvasive instrument and an initial application percussion entropy analysis of the wrist pressure pulse (WPP). In total, 49 young males aged 18 to 28, without any known history of vascular disease, were recruited. Blood samples were obtained whereby a TC/HDL cutoff value of 4 was used to divide the young men into low-risk (Group 1, TC/HDL < 4, N = 32) and high-risk (Group 2, TC/HDL ≥ 4, N = 17) groups regarding atherosclerosis. The reactive hyperemia-triggered WPPs were measured using a modified air-pressure-sensing system (MAPSS). The dilation index (DI) of the endothelial function and percussion entropy index (PEI) of the heart rate variability (HRV) assessments, calculated using pragmatic signal-processing techniques, were compared between the two groups. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test showed that the DI and PEI of the two groups showed statistical differences (both p < 0.05). Not only could the MAPSS assess endothelial function and HRV in young males, but the results also showed that waist circumference and PEI may serve as indicators for the early identification of young males at risk of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jung Chen
- Taichung Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Tsai Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Hualien 97401, Taiwan; (H.-T.W.); (B.H.)
| | - Bagus Haryadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Hualien 97401, Taiwan; (H.-T.W.); (B.H.)
- Department of Physics, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Jendral A. Yani Street, Kragilan, Tamanan, Kec. Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta 55191, Indonesia
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Kang HG, Lee SJ, Heo SH, Chang DI, Kim BJ. Clopidogrel Resistance in Patients With Stroke Recurrence Under Single or Dual Antiplatelet Treatment. Front Neurol 2021; 12:652416. [PMID: 34447343 PMCID: PMC8383201 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.652416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The factors associated with clopidogrel resistance in patients with stroke recurrence receiving single or dual antiplatelet treatment (SAPT or DAPT) may differ. This study compared the high on-treatment platelet reactivities (HPRs) and the factors associated with clopidogrel resistance in recurrent ischemic stroke patients receiving clopidogrel or aspirin and clopidogrel. Methods: We enrolled and allocated 275 recurrent ischemic stroke patients to the clopidogrel and DAPT groups and compared their demographics, conventional risk factors, and P2Y12 reaction units (PRUs). Clopidogrel resistance was categorized as PRU higher than 275. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the factors underlying clopidogrel resistance during SAPT and DAPT. Results: In total, 145 (52.7%) and 130 (47.3%) patients received clopidogrel and DAPT, respectively at recurrence. The risk factors of the two groups were not significantly different, except that coronary artery disease was more frequent in the DAPT group. The PRU was higher (255 ± 91 vs. 221 ± 84; p = 0.002) and clopidogrel resistance was more frequent (45.5 vs. 31.5%; p = 0.018) in the SAPT than in the DAPT group. Hyperlipidemia was associated with clopidogrel resistance during SAPT, and smoking (Odds ratio = 0.426, 95% confidence interval 0.210–0.861; p = 0.018) had a protective effect against clopidogrel resistance. For those receiving DAPT, old age, female, low hemoglobin A1c level, and high ARU were associated with clopidogrel resistance. Conclusions: HPR and clopidogrel resistance were more frequent in recurrent ischemic stroke patients receiving clopidogrel than in those receiving DAPT. Smoking was independently associated with less clopidogrel resistance among those receiving clopidogrel SAPT but not in those receiving DAPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Goo Kang
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University - Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seung Jae Lee
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics and Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Sung Hyuk Heo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae-Il Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bum Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Qu G, Zhang Z, Zhu H. Discordance between apolipoprotein B or non-HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in middle-aged and elderly Chinese patients predicts arterial stiffness. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:80. [PMID: 34325713 PMCID: PMC8320094 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Discordance of lipid parameters is closely associated with residual cardiovascular risk. This study investigated the discordance between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) or apolipoprotein B (apoB) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and assessed arterial stiffness risk. Methods This study included a total of 402 middle-aged and elderly Northern Chinese individuals whose brachial-ankle pulse wave conduction velocity (baPWV), and clinical and biochemical data were measured. Arterial stiffness was defined by inclusion in the upper quartile of the baPWV. All participants were divided into four mutually exclusive concordance/discordance groups based on the lipid goal for high-risk populations, according to the 2019 European Society of Cardiology / European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines. Discordance was defined as LDL-C ≥ 1.81 mmol/L with non-HDL-C < 2.59 mmol/L, or apoB < 0.80 mmol/L, or vice versa. Results The mean age of the participants was 65.9 ± 13.0 years; 59.5% of the participants were male. The mean LDL-C was 2.41 ± 0.81 mmol/L, non-HDL-C: 3.06 ± 0.94 mmol/L, and apoB: 0.84 ± 0.21 mmol/L. LDL-C was observed to be discordant with non-HDL-C (20.1%) and apoB (30.8%). When stratified according to LDL-C levels, the baPWV was greater in those patients with higher non-HDL-C or apoB levels. In the adjusted logistic regression model, low LDL-C and high non-HDL-C or apoB discordance were also associated with the risk of arterial stiffness (OR: 13.412 and OR: 13.054, respectively). Conclusions There was discordance between LDL-C and non-HDL-C, or apoB in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals; this was associated with a higher risk of arterial stiffness. Non-HDL-C or apoB levels could be used to identify individuals who may benefit from more comprehensive lipid modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyue Qu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Zhongying Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
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Cheng Q, Liu XC, Chen CL, Huang YQ, Feng YQ, Chen JY. The U-Shaped Association of Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:707701. [PMID: 34336961 PMCID: PMC8316599 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.707701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) is a valuable indicator in routine blood lipid tests, but the associations of non-HDL-C with mortality in hypertensive population still remain uncertain. Methods: In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1999 to 2014, participants having hypertension were included and grouped by non-HDL-C levels (<130, 130–159, 160–189, 190–219, and ≥220 mg/dl). Multivariate Cox regression was conducted for calculation of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). To reveal the relationship between non-HDL-C and mortality, Kaplan–Meier survival curves, restricted cubic spline, linear regression, and subgroup analysis were also applied. Results: A total of 12,169 participants (47.52% males, mean age 57.27 ± 15.79 years) were included. During average follow-up of 92.5 months, 1,946 (15.99%) all-cause deaths and 422 (3.47%) cardiovascular deaths occurred. After adjusting for confounders, the association of non-HDL-C with mortality was detected as U-shaped. Threshold values were observed at 158 mg/dl for all-cause mortality and 190 mg/dl as to cardiovascular mortality. Below the threshold, every 10 mg/dl increment in non-HDL-C attributed to relatively low all-cause mortality significantly (HR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92–0.96). Above the threshold, non-HDL-C has significant positive associations with both all-cause (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05) and cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05–1.14). For subgroups analysis, similar results were found among participants age <65 years old, non-white population, those were not taking lipid-lowering drugs, and subjects with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2. Conclusion: The U-shaped association was detected between non-HDL-C and mortality among hypertensive population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cheng
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Cong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Lei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Qing Feng
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Yan Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Beneficial Effect of Statin Therapy on Arterial Stiffness. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5548310. [PMID: 33860033 PMCID: PMC8026295 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5548310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness describes the increased rigidity of the arterial wall that occurs as a consequence of biological aging and several diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated that parameters to assess arterial stiffness, especially pulse-wave velocity, are predictive of those individuals that will suffer cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Statin therapy may be a pharmacological strategy to improve arterial elasticity. It has been shown that the positive benefits of statin therapy on cardiovascular disease is attributable not only to their lipid-lowering capacity but also to various pleiotropic effects, such as their anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antioxidant, and antithrombotic properties. Additionally, statins reduce endothelial dysfunction, improve vascular and myocardial remodeling, and stabilize atherosclerotic plaque. The aim of the present review was to summarize the evidence from human studies showing the effects of statins on arterial stiffness.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension and obesity often coexist. There are sex differences in the mechanisms of obesity-related hypertension but the reasons for these differences are still not fully understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in the development of hypertension associated with obesity. METHODS A total of 866 men and 1022 women were selected for the study. Anthropometric measurements, including arterial pressure measurements, were performed. The plasma lipid levels were measured using an enzymatic method with commercially available kits. RESULTS In both overweight and obesity, hypertensive women had more atherogenic lipid profiles and higher values of lipid accumulation product (LAP) than normotensive women. In overweight and obese men, no significant differences in lipid levels or LAP were noted between the normotensive and hypertensive groups. CONCLUSION The pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension in women differs from that in men and tends to be associated with metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya M Kaneva
- Institute of Physiology of Коmi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Evgeny R Bojko
- Institute of Physiology of Коmi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia
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Chung CJ, Wu CD, Hwang BF, Wu CC, Huang PH, Ho CT, Hsu HT. Effects of ambient PM 2.5 and particle-bound metals on the healthy residents living near an electric arc furnace: A community- based study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138799. [PMID: 32361581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emitted from electric arc furnaces (EAFs) poses health concerns. However, little research has been done on the impact of EAF on the health of community residents. This cross-sectional study conducted a PM2.5 exposure assessment and health examination of community residents living near an EAF. A total of 965 residents aged 40-90 years were recruited. The residents' exposure to PM2.5 was categorized according to the distance of their residence from the EAFs (<500, 500-1000, 1000-1500, 1500-2000, and > 2000 m). Average ambient PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using a hybrid kriging/land-use regression (LUR) model. In addition, we selected two air-sampling sites to monitor the 2-year levels of PM2.5 and particle-bound metals. A spot urine sample and blood samples were collected and ten heavy metal concentrations in the blood were analyzed. Inflammation- and oxidative stress-related biomarkers were measured. The associations between environmental factors and a biochemical examination were estimated using a generalized linear model. Active air sampling and hybrid kriging/LUR model simulation indicated increased levels of PM2.5 near the EAF. The metal concentrations in PM2.5 included Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni, As, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Al, which also significantly increased near the EAF. PM2.5 levels were significantly associated with an increased total cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein (TC/HDL) ratio. High levels of PM2.5 and malondialdehyde were associated with a 1.72-fold increased risk of TC/HDL ratio ≥ 4 (95% CI: 1.12-2.65) after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Blood Pb levels were significantly associated with increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate but negatively associated with distance from the EAF. The results show that people living near EAFs should pay more attention to adverse health problems, including atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease associated with exposure to PM2.5 and particle-bound metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jung Chung
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Da Wu
- Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Adjunct Assistant Research Fellow, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Fang Hwang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ching Wu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Te Ho
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Tsung Hsu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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36
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Differences in longitudinal associations of cardiovascular risk factors with arterial stiffness and pressure wave reflection in middle-aged Japanese men. Hypertens Res 2020; 44:98-106. [PMID: 32724134 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present prospective observational study was conducted to examine the differences in longitudinal associations of the conventional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) with arterial stiffness and with abnormal pressure wave reflection using repeated measurement data. In 4016 healthy middle-aged (43 ± 9 years) Japanese men without CVD at baseline, the conventional risk factors for CVD, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (brachial-ankle PWV) and radial augmentation index (rAI) were measured annually over a 9-year period. Mixed-model linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant independent positive longitudinal association of the mean blood pressure with both the brachial-ankle PWV (estimate = 5.51, standard error = 0.30, P < 0.01) and the rAI (estimate = 0.19, standard error = 0.02, P < 0.01). On the other hand, the serum levels of glycohemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides showed longitudinal associations only with the brachial-ankle PWV and not the rAI. In addition, while the radial AI was found to show a significant longitudinal association with the brachial-ankle PWV, the inverse association was not significant. In conclusion, the conventional risk factors for CVD showed heterogeneous longitudinal associations with arterial stiffness and/or abnormal pressure wave reflection. Elevated blood pressure showed independent longitudinal associations with both arterial stiffness (macrovascular damage) and abnormal pressure wave reflection, suggesting that BP is also longitudinally associated, at least in part, with microvascular damage. On the other hand, abnormal glucose metabolism and dyslipidemia showed independent longitudinal associations with only arterial stiffness (macrovascular damage).
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Pavlovska I, Kunzova S, Jakubik J, Hruskova J, Skladana M, Rivas-Serna IM, Medina-Inojosa JR, Lopez-Jimenez F, Vysoky R, Geda YE, Stokin GB, González-Rivas JP. Associations between high triglycerides and arterial stiffness in a population-based sample: Kardiovize Brno 2030 study. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:170. [PMID: 32669093 PMCID: PMC7362636 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The term arterial stiffness (ArSt) describes structural changes in arterial wall related to the loss of elasticity and is known as an independent predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The evidence relating to ArSt and triglycerides (TG) shows contradictory results. This paper means to survey the association between high TG and ArSt, utilizing the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Methods Subjects aged between 25 and 64 years from a random population-based sample were evaluated between 2013 and 2016. Data from questionnaires, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and blood samples were collected and analyzed. CAVI was measured using VaSera VS-1500 N devise. Subjects with a history of CVD or chronic renal disease were excluded. Results One thousand nine hundred thirty-four participants, 44.7% of males, were included. The median age was 48 (Interquartile Range [IQR] 19) years, TG levels were 1.05 (0.793) mmol/L, and CAVI 7.24 (1.43) points. Prevalence of high CAVI was 10.0% (14.5% in males and 6.4% in females; P < 0.001) and prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 20.2% (29.2% in males and 13% in females, P < 0.001). The correlation between TG and CAVI was 0.136 (P < 0.001). High CAVI values were more prevalent among participants with metabolic syndrome (MetS), high blood pressure, dysglycemia, abdominal obesity, high LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c), and high total cholesterol. Using binary regression analysis, high TG were associated with high CAVI, even after adjustment for other MetS components, age, gender, smoking status, LDL-c, and statin treatment (β = 0.474, OR = 1.607, 95% CI = 1.063–2.429, P = 0.024). Conclusion TG levels were correlated with ArSt, measured as CAVI. High TG was associated with high CAVI independent of multiple cardiometabolic risk factors. Awareness of the risks and targeted treatment of hypertriglyceridemia could further benefit in reducing the prevalence of CVD and events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Pavlovska
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann's University Hospital Brno
- FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Sarka Kunzova
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann's University Hospital Brno
- FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Jakubik
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann's University Hospital Brno
- FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hruskova
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann's University Hospital Brno
- FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Skladana
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann's University Hospital Brno
- FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irma Magaly Rivas-Serna
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann's University Hospital Brno
- FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jose R Medina-Inojosa
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Francisco Lopez-Jimenez
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert Vysoky
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yonas E Geda
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, USA
| | - Gorazd B Stokin
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann's University Hospital Brno
- FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juan P González-Rivas
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann's University Hospital Brno
- FNUSA-ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Global Health and Population
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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Lee JK, Lee JJ, Kim YK, Lee Y, Ha JH. Stachys sieboldii Miq. Root Attenuates Weight Gain and Dyslipidemia in Rats on a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072063. [PMID: 32664607 PMCID: PMC7400866 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the anti-obesity and anti-dyslipidemic effects of Stachys sieboldii Miq. root (SS) powder in rats following a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet for 6 weeks. Thirty-two Sprague–Dawley rats were fed one of the following diets: a regular diet (RD), HFC, HFC supplemented with 3% SS (HFC + 3SS) or HFC supplemented with 5% SS (HFC + 5SS). Following an HFC diet increased body weight (BW) gain (p < 0.001) and the food efficiency ratio (FER; p < 0.001); however, SS consumption gradually prevented the HFC-induced BW gain (p < 0.001) and increase in FER (p < 0.01). The HFC diet resulted in increased liver size (p < 0.001) and total adipose tissue weight (p < 0.001), whereas the SS supplementation decreased hepatomegaly (p < 0.05) and body fat mass (p < 0.001). SS consumption prevented the increased activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT; p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; p < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (ALP; p < 0.01 in HFC + 5SS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; p < 0.001 in HFC + 5SS) induced by the HFC diet (p < 0.001). The SS supplementation improved lipid profiles in the circulation by lowering triglyceride (TG; p < 0.01), total cholesterol (TC; p < 0.001) and non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C; p < 0.001) levels, as well as the atherogenic index (p < 0.01) and cardiac risk factor (p < 0.01). The lipid distribution in the liver (p < 0.05) and white adipose tissues (WAT; p < 0.001) of the HFC + SS diet-consuming rats was remarkably lower than that of the HFC diet-consuming rats. The average size of the epididymal adipose tissue (p < 0.001) was significantly lower in the HFC + SS diet-fed rats than in the HFC diet-fed rats. The fecal lipid (>3% SS; p < 0.001) and cholesterol (5% SS; p < 0.001) efflux levels were significantly elevated by the SS supplementation compared to those measured in the RD or HFC diet-fed groups. In addition, the hepatic lipid and cholesterol metabolism-related gene expressions were affected by SS consumption, as the hepatic anabolic gene expression (Acc; p < 0.001, Fas; p < 0.001 and G6pdh; p < 0.01) was significantly attenuated. The HFC + 5SS diet-fed rats exhibited elevated hepatic Cyp7a1 (p < 0.001), Hmgcr (p < 0.001) and Ldlr (p < 0.001) mRNA expression levels compared to the HFC diet-fed rats. These results suggest that SS may possess anti-adipogenic and lipid-lowering effects by enhancing lipid and cholesterol efflux in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Lee
- Food Science & Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Jae-Joon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (J.-J.L.); (Y.-K.K.)
| | - Yeon-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (J.-J.L.); (Y.-K.K.)
| | - Youngseung Lee
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.-H.H.); Tel.: +82-41-550-3476 (Y.L.); +82-41-550-3479 (J.-H.H.)
| | - Jung-Heun Ha
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.-H.H.); Tel.: +82-41-550-3476 (Y.L.); +82-41-550-3479 (J.-H.H.)
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Sang Y, Wu X, Miao J, Cao M, Ruan L, Zhang C. Determinants of Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity and Vascular Aging in Healthy Older Subjects. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923112. [PMID: 32445331 PMCID: PMC7260998 DOI: 10.12659/msm.923112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular aging is characterized by increasing arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity. The present study evaluated the factors influencing vascular aging in Chinese healthy older subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Disease- and treatment-free aged (≥60 years) participants were recruited from 2014 to 2019. Cardiometabolic risk factors and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were assessed. We defined healthy vascular aging (HVA) as the lowest 10% and early vascular aging (EVA) as the highest 10% of the baPWV distribution, after adjustment for age and blood pressure (BP). We fitted linear and logistic regression models to assess the determinants. RESULTS In all, 794 subjects (mean age 66.5±6.8 years, 71.0% male) were recruited; the 10th and 90th percentiles of baPWV were 1278 cm/s and 1955 cm/s, respectively. Age, BP, heart rate, and triglycerides were all positively associated with baPWV, whereas male subjects and body mass index (BMI) were negatively associated with baPWV. The number of participants diagnosed with either HVA or EVA was 80. Logistic regression models showed that sex, BMI, heart rate, and triglycerides were associated with HVA and EVA after adjustment for age, BP, and other confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Male, high BMI, low heart rate, and low triglycerides are protective factors for vascular aging in the healthy aged population. Management of BMI, heart rate, triglycerides in a reasonable range may help to alleviate the vascular aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaofen Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Jianping Miao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Ruan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Association of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio with risk of incident hypertension. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:948-955. [PMID: 32332924 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is considered a simple surrogate of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the association of the TG/HDL-C ratio with the risk of incident hypertension and whether the TG/HDL-C ratio mediates the obesity-incident hypertension association. The study analyzed 9679 participants from a rural Chinese population. Demographic and anthropometric and laboratory data were collected at baseline (2007-2008) and follow-up (2013-2014) examinations. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of the TG/HDL-C ratio with incident hypertension, estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Mediation analysis was performed to examine the contribution of the TG/HDL-C ratio to obesity-related incident hypertension. During a median follow-up of 6.00 years, hypertension developed in 1880/9679 participants (19.42%). The risk of incident hypertension was higher in the highest TG/HDL-C ratio quartile than in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.02-1.42). Subgroup analyses showed that the risk of incident hypertension was increased by 30%, 36%, and 33% among women, participants < 60 years old and those with prehypertension at baseline, respectively. The TG/HDL-C ratio partially mediated the obesity-incident hypertension association (indirect effect: OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07; direct effect: OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.16-1.62). The TG/HDL-C ratio may be a risk factor for incident hypertension, especially in women, participants < 60 years old and those with prehypertension. The TG/HDL-C ratio may also play a mediating role in obesity-related incident hypertension.
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Hessami K, Kasraeian M, Asadi N, Vafaei H, Foroughinia L. Association of Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood Lipid Parameters with Uterine and Fetal-Placental Blood Flow in Hypertensive and Normotensive Pregnancies. Int J Womens Health 2020; 12:115-125. [PMID: 32184675 PMCID: PMC7054007 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s233029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose There is a growing evidence suggesting that hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), especially preeclampsia, are associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease for both mother and child later in life. The objective of this study was to determine the association of maternal and umbilical cord blood (UCB) lipid profiles with uterine and fetal-placental blood flow at the third trimester of pregnancy. Patients and Methods A total of 1,135 women were prospectively followed through pregnancy and data for 812 mother-newborn pairs, including 170 HDP developed subjects and 642 normotensive subjects were analyzed at the end of the study. Maternal serum and UCB triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-HDL-C levels were compared between HDP and normotensive groups; moreover, the association between lipid parameters and abnormal pulsatility indices (PIs) of uterine (UtA), umbilical (UA), and middle cerebral (MCA) arteries was evaluated with multivariate regression analysis models. The same analyses were carried out on subgroups of HDP (preeclampsia vs gestational hypertension). Results The mean TG, TC, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C levels were significantly higher in mother-newborn pairs of the HDP group compared to the normotensive group. In the HDP group, maternal TG and non-HDL-C levels were shown to have a significant association with abnormal UtA-PI (p<0.001 and p=0.039, respectively). We also found a positive significant association of fetal hypertriglyceridemia with abnormal UA-PI and MCA-PI in the HDP group (p=0.042 and p=0.021, respectively). However, no such associations were observed in normotensive mother-newborn pairs. Similar trends were observed in preeclamptic subjects after subgroup analysis. Conclusion Maternal TG and non-HDL-C levels as well as fetal TG level are significantly associated with disturbed uterine and fetal-placental blood flow in HDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Hessami
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kasraeian
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Asadi
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Homeira Vafaei
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Foroughinia
- Eastern Health, Box Hill Hospital, FRANZCOG, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
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Su YM, Zhang R, Xu RF, Wang HL, Geng HH, Pan M, Qu YY, Zuo WJ, Ji ZJ, Ma GS. Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio as a risk factor of repeat revascularization among patients with acute coronary syndrome after first-time percutaneous coronary intervention. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:5087-5095. [PMID: 32030225 PMCID: PMC6988028 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.12.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is clinically important to identify high-risk patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who may require repeat revascularization. This retrospective study identified risk factors for repeat revascularization among ACS patients after first-time successful percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). The predictive value of the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio for repeat revascularization was also evaluated. METHODS We enrolled consecutive ACS patients who had coronary angiography performed during the period from 6 to 12 months after a first-time successful PCI. The primary outcome of the study was to identify the risk factors of repeat revascularization. The subjects were stratified based on repeat PCI events. After comparing various clinical characteristics, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analyses were adopted to evaluate the effects of risk factors on repeat revascularization. RESULTS The patients (n=271) were divided into the event (+) group (n=101) and the event (-) group (n=170). In the event (+) group, target lesion revascularization (TLR) accounted for 20.79% and target vessel revascularization (TVR) accounted for 50.49% of the patients. In contrast, 52.47% of the patients required de novo vessel revascularization (DVR). After adjustment for confounding factors, the TG/HDL-C ratio [hazard ratio (HR) =1.206, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.016-1.431, P=0.032 for each higher TG/HDL-C ratio unit] and the Gensini score (HR =1.012, 95% CI: 1.005-1.018, P<0.001 for each higher Gensini score unit) were independent risk factors for a repeat PCI. Subgroup analyses showed that higher TG/HDL-C ratios were associated with a significantly higher risk of repeat PCIs in the male, hypertensive, and diabetes mellitus subgroups. CONCLUSIONS The TG/HDL-C ratio and Gensini score could serve as risk factors for repeat revascularization in ACS patients after a first-time successful PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Min Su
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rong-Feng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong-Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Hai-Hua Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yang-Yang Qu
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhen-Jun Ji
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gen-Shan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Vallée A, Lelong H, Lopez-Sublet M, Topouchian J, Safar ME, Blacher J. Reply. J Hypertens 2019; 37:2499-2500. [PMID: 31688294 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University
| | - Hélène Lelong
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University
| | - Marilucy Lopez-Sublet
- Department of Internal Medicine, AP-HP Hôpital Avicenne, European Society of Hypertension Excellence Center, Paris, France
| | - Jirar Topouchian
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University
| | - Michel E Safar
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University
| | - Jacques Blacher
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University
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Estimate of the impact of serum lipid parameters on aortic stiffness: insights from an Asian population. J Hypertens 2019; 37:2498-2499. [PMID: 31688293 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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