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Belin MAF, Vieira TA, Grandini NA, Siqueira JS, Palacio TLN, Cruzeiro J, Sormani LE, Tanganini MD, Barbosa GS, Gregolin CS, de Campos DHS, Bazan SGZ, Minatel IO, Lima GPP, Correa CR. Cardiac biogenic amine profile and its relationship with parameters of cardiovascular disease in obesity. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 156:107412. [PMID: 39033868 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To identify the cardiac biogenic amine profile of obese rats and associate these compounds with parameters of cardiovascular disease. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats (n = 20) were randomly distributed into two groups: control and obese. Obesity was induced by a high-sugar fat diet. Biochemical parameters were evaluated. Doppler Echocardiography and systolic blood pressure; interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), protein carbonylation, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and catalase activity were measured in cardiac tissue. HPLC evaluated the cardiac biogenic profile. Data were compared using the Student's T or Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman's correlation at 5% significance. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. KEY FINDINGS Obesity generated hypertension, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, and imbalanced all biochemical, inflammatory, and oxidative markers (p < 0.001). Eight biogenic amines were found in cardiac tissue. Obesity increased serotonin and decreased agmatine, putrescine, cadaverine, and spermidine. Serotonin (r = 0.534 to 0.808) was strong and positively correlated with obesity, biochemical parameters, cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, hypertension, cardiac remodeling, and dysfunction (p < 0.001). Spermidine (r = -0.560 to -0.680), putrescine (r = -0.532 to -0.805), cadaverine (r = -0.534 to -0.860), and agmatine (r = -0.579 to -0.884) were inversely correlated with the same parameters (p < 0.001). PCA allowed for distinguishing the control and obese groups. SIGNIFICANCE There are strong correlations between cardiac biogenic amine levels, cardiac remodeling, and dysfunction resulting from obesity. CONCLUSION There is an association between cardiac biogenic amines and cardiovascular disease in obesity. In addition, agmatine, putrescine, cadaverine, and, mainly, serotonin may be new biomarkers for cardiovascular health in obesity and help to improve the diagnosis and treatment of CVD resulting or not from obesity. However, more research is needed to support this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taynara Aparecida Vieira
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Núbia Alves Grandini
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Juliana Silva Siqueira
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | | | - Jordanna Cruzeiro
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Sormani
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Murilo Dalarme Tanganini
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Souza Barbosa
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Cristina Schmitt Gregolin
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | | | | | - Igor Otávio Minatel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Camila Renata Correa
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil.
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Wazzan HA, Abraham AN, Saiara N, Anand S, Gill H, Shukla R. Effect of Milk Protein-Polyphenol Conjugate on the Regulation of GLP-1 Hormone. Foods 2024; 13:1935. [PMID: 38928876 PMCID: PMC11202982 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern functional foods are designed to provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. They are enriched with bioactive ingredients like probiotics, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. These foods support overall health, enhance immune function, and help prevent chronic diseases. Milk proteins and tea are known to influence satiety and regulate body weight. Studies have shown that green tea polyphenols, namely, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and whey proteins, predominantly lactoferrin (LF) from milk, play a role in regulating satiety. This study aims to investigate the effect of conjugating EGCG with apo-lactoferrin (Apo-LF) and assessing these effects on satiety through monitoring glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) regulation in a human colon (NCI-H716) cell line. Apo-LF-EGCG conjugates were synthesized and characterized in terms of structural and functional properties. The effect on GLP-1 regulation was assessed by real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to monitor gene and protein expressions, respectively. The results revealed that the protein-polyphenol interaction occurs through the complex formation of hydrogen bonds at the O-H and carbonyl groups of EGCG. The conjugates also showed a significant up-regulation of gene and protein expression levels of GLP-1 while also preventing EGCG from degradation, thereby preserving its antioxidant properties. The Apo-LF-EGCG conjugates increase satiety via increasing GLP-1 secretion in human colon cells while simultaneously retaining the antioxidant properties of EGCG. Therefore, these conjugates show potential for use as dietary supplements to enhance satiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Abdulrahim Wazzan
- Food and Nutrition, School of Human Science and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Bioscience and Food Technology, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Amanda N. Abraham
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (A.N.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Noshin Saiara
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (A.N.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Sushil Anand
- Bioscience and Food Technology, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Harsharn Gill
- Bioscience and Food Technology, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Bioscience and Food Technology, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (A.N.A.); (N.S.)
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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3
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Mao S, Qian G, Xiao K, Xu H, Zhou H, Guo X. Study on the relationship between body mass index and blood pressure indices in children aged 7-17 during COVID-19. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1409214. [PMID: 38962763 PMCID: PMC11220196 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1409214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, SBP; diastolic blood pressure, DBP) in children during COVID-19, providing reference for the prevention and screening of hypertension in children. Methods This study adopted a large-scale cross-sectional design to investigate the association between BMI and blood pressure in 7-17-year-old students in City N, China, during COVID-19. Thirty-six primary and secondary schools in City N were sampled using a stratified cluster sampling method. A total of 11,433 students aged 7-17 years in City N, China, were selected for blood pressure (Diastolic blood pressure, DBP, Systolic blood pressure, SBP), height, and weight, Resting heart rate (RHR), chest circumference, measurements, and the study was written using the STROBE checklist. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0, calculating the mean and standard deviation of BMI and blood pressure for male and female students in different age groups. Regression analysis was employed to explore the impact of BMI, age, and sex on SBP and DBP, and predictive models were established. The model fit was evaluated using the model R2. Results The study included 11,287 primary and secondary school students, comprising 5,649 boys and 5,638 girls. It was found that with increasing age, BMI and blood pressure of boys and girls generally increased. There were significant differences in blood pressure levels between boys and girls in different age groups. In regression models, LC, Age, BMI, and chest circumference show significant positive linear relationships with SBP and DBP in adolescents, while RHR exhibits a negative linear relationship with SBP. These factors were individually incorporated into a stratified regression model, significantly enhancing the model's explanatory power. After including factors such as Age, Gender, and BMI, the adjusted R2 value showed a significant improvement, with Age and BMI identified as key predictive factors for SBP and DBP. The robustness and predictive accuracy of the model were further examined through K-fold cross-validation and independent sample validation methods. The validation results indicate that the model has a high accuracy and explanatory power in predicting blood pressure in children of different weight levels, especially among obese children, where the prediction accuracy is highest. Conclusion During COVID-19, age, sex, and BMI significantly influence blood pressure in children aged 7-17 years, and predictive models for SBP and DBP were established. This model helps predict blood pressure in children and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Confirmation of factors such as sex, age, and BMI provide a basis for personalized health plans for children, especially during large-scale infectious diseases, providing guidance for addressing health challenges and promoting the health and well-being of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- SuJie Mao
- Graduate Development, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - GuoPing Qian
- Faculty of Sports Medicine, Gdansk University of Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - KaiWen Xiao
- Discipline Development Office, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Sports and Health, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Zhou
- Teaching Evaluation Center, Nanjing Police University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - XiuJin Guo
- Discipline Development Office, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Ban HJ, Lee S, Jin HJ. Exploring Stroke Risk through Mendelian Randomization: A Comprehensive Study Integrating Genetics and Metabolic Traits in the Korean Population. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1311. [PMID: 38927518 PMCID: PMC11201557 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous risk factors play a role in the causation of stroke, and the cardiometabolic condition is a one of the most important. In Korea, various treatment methods are employed based on the constitutional type, which is known to differ significantly in cardiometabolic disease. In this study, we compared the estimates obtained for different groups by applying the Mendelian randomization method to investigate the causal effects of genetic characteristics on stroke, according to constitutional type. In clinical analysis, the subtypes differ significantly in diabetes or dyslipidemia. The genetic association estimates for the stroke subtype risk were obtained from MEGASTROKE, the International Stroke Genetics Consortium (ISGC), UKbiobank, and BioBank Japan (BBJ), using group-related SNPs as instrumental variables. The TE subtypes with higher risk of metabolic disease were associated with increased risk (beta = 4.190; s.e. = 1.807; p = 0.035) of cardioembolic stroke (CES), and the SE subtypes were associated with decreased risk (beta = -9.336, s.e. = 1.753; p = 3.87 × 10-5) of CES. The findings highlight the importance of personalized medicine in assessing disease risk based on an individual's constitutional type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hee-Jeong Jin
- Korean Medicine (KM) Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.B.); (S.L.)
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Lv X, Kang X. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of Er Chen Tang in the adjuvant treatment of obesity: A study protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38504. [PMID: 38847686 PMCID: PMC11155566 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy of Er Chen Tang in the adjuvant treatment of obesity. METHODS A computerized search of databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, Wipro, EMBase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library was performed to collect randomized controlled trials on the application of Er Cheng Tang for the treatment of obesity and to track the references included in the literature, with a timeframe from the establishment of the library to October 2023 for the searches. After selection of trials, extraction of information and assessment of methodological quality were done independently by 2 evaluators, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software and the quality of evidence was evaluated using the Cochrane system. RESULTS Six studies were included, with a total of 438 study participants. They were randomized into trial and control groups. The total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, and visceral fat area values before treatment were compared between the 2 groups, and the differences were not statistically significant (all P > .05). After treatment, the indicators of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant (P < .05). CONCLUSION The adjuvant treatment of obesity with Er Chen Tang can improve the symptoms faster and is favorable to the reduction of various risk indicators. However, due to the lack of high-quality literature, the theoretical support of large-sample double-blind randomized trials is still needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Lv
- The First Clinical Medical College of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Haerbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xingyu Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Haerbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Jäger R, Abou Sawan S, Purpura M, Grube B, Röske Y, De Costa P, Chong PW. Proprietary alpha-amylase inhibitor formulation from white kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) promotes weight and fat loss: a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12685. [PMID: 38830962 PMCID: PMC11148185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
White kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) extracts can aid weight management by reducing calorie intake from complex carbohydrates through alpha-amylase inhibition. We examined the impact of a proprietary aqueous extract from whole dried white kidney beans standardized by its alpha-amylase inhibitor activity (Phase 2 white kidney bean extract (WKBE)) on weight management in subjects with overweight and moderate obesity. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion, 81 participants completed the study and ingested either a high dose of Phase 2 (1000 mg, WKBE HIGH), a low dose (700 mg, WKBE LOW), or a matching placebo (microcrystalline cellulose, PLA) three times a day, 30 min before meals, for 12 weeks during a calorie restricted diet. In a dose-dependent manner, Phase 2 significantly reduced body weight, fat mass, BMI, waist, hip and in the WKBE HIGH group thigh circumference. Phase 2 is an effective and safe supplement aiding weight and fat loss. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02930668.
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Ni J, Zhang X, Huang H, Ni Z, Luo J, Zhong Y, Hui M, Liu Z, Qian J, Zhang Q. Cyy-287, a novel pyrimidine-2,4-diamine derivative, efficiently mitigates inflammatory responses, fibrosis, and lipid synthesis in obesity-induced cardiac and hepatic dysfunction. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17009. [PMID: 38436035 PMCID: PMC10909366 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation and metabolic disorders are important factors in the occurrence and development of obesity complications. In this study, we investigated the protective effect and underlying mechanism of a novel pyrimidine-2,4-diamine derivative, Cyy-287, on mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods The mice were randomly separated into four groups (n ≥ 7): control (regular diet), HFD, HFD with Cyy-287 (5 mg/kg), and HFD with Cyy-287 (20 mg/kg) following HFD feeding for 10 weeks. After a 10-week administration, ALT and AST enzymes, echocardiography, immunohistochemical (IHC), Western blot (WB), Masson and Sirius Red staining were used to evaluate functional and morphological changes to the heart and liver. Microsomes from the mouse liver were extracted to quantify the total amount of CYP450 enzymes after drug treatment. Results Cyy-287 decreased the levels of serum glucose, LDL, TC, ALT, and AST activities in HFD-treated mice. However, Cyy-287 administration increased ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) index of the heart. Cyy-287 inhibited histopathological changes in the heart and liver; decreased inflammatory activity; significantly diminished p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) axis, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c); and upregulated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in HFD-treated mice. Cyy-287 restored the content of hepatic CYP450 enzymes. Conclusion These findings demonstrated that Cyy-287 protected heart and liver cells from obesity-induced damage by inhibiting inflammation, fibrosis, and lipid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Ni
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huijing Huang
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zefeng Ni
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Luo
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yunshan Zhong
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Hui
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Gurlek Demirci B, Karakan MS. Effect of Body Composition on Graft Function and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Normotensive Renal Transplant Recipients. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2024; 22:108-113. [PMID: 38511981 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2023.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of body composition on graft function and cardiovascular outcomes in normotensive renal transplant recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data from 136 renal transplant recipients with stable allograft function after living related donor transplant. We enrolled 87 normotensive recipients. We analyzed left ventricular mass index, renal resistive index, and body composition of recipients. We divided recipients into 2 groups according to mean lean body mass, defined by bioimpedance analysis, with 38 in group 1 (lean body mass <47 kg) and 49 in group 2 (lean body mass ≥47 kg). RESULTS Mean time posttransplant was 35.0 ± 23.3 months. Mean renal resistive index, left ventricular mass index, lean body mass, body mass index, and fat mass were 0.67 ± 0.1, 195.0 ± 118.5 g/m2, 47.3 ± 9.1 kg, 25.9 ± 5.0 kg, and 44.6±10.5 kg,respectively. Lean body mass was positively correlated to sex (r = 0.36, P = .03), body mass index (r = 0.04, P = .416),renalresistive index (r = 0.495, P = .01), and left ventricular mass index (r = 0.713, P = .02) but negatively correlated to serum albumin levels (r=-0.343, P=0.04). Lean body mass was significantly higher in males than in females (P = .03). Patients in group 2 had significantly higher left ventricular mass index (P = .01) and renal resistive index (P = .03). In multiple regression analysis, lean body mass (P = .01) and left ventricular mass index (P = .01) were predictors of renal resistive index. CONCLUSIONS Lean body mass significantly influences left ventricular mass index and renal resistive index. Hence, body composition analysis could be an early predictor of graft function and cardiovascular outcomes in normotensive renal transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Gurlek Demirci
- From the Department of Nephrology, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Aguirre-García MM, Amedei A, Hernández-Ruiz P, Gómez-García AP, Niccolai E, Moreno-Rodríguez AM, Pinto-Cardoso S, Alviter-Plata A, Escalona-Montaño AR, Ordaz-Robles ER, González-Salazar MDC, Springall Del Villar R, Berrios-Bárcenas EA, Ávila-Vanzzini N. Cytokine and microbiota profiles in obesity-related hypertension patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1325261. [PMID: 38292856 PMCID: PMC10824975 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1325261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic arterial hypertension is linked to a heightened risk of cardiovascular diseases on a global scale. In Mexico, nearly half of adults in vulnerable conditions experience hypertension. Imbalance in the oral and intestinal microbiota composition has been observed in patients with hypertension, documented by a decrease of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids, which play a critical role in blood pressure regulation. Aim To examine the cytokines' profile and assess the characteristics of oral and gut microbiota in obesity-related hypertension in Mexican patients. Methods A cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study was carried out. Twenty-two patients were categorized by their body mass index (BMI) as overweight and obese, and the diagnosis of primary hypertension. DNA from supragingival dental plaque and feces samples was used to carry out 16S rRNA sequencing. Additionally, 13 cytokines were quantified. Results In the oral microbiota, Kluyvera was found to be significantly enriched in obese compared to overweight patients. Instead, the gut microbiota was dominated by Firmicutes. However, the correlation between certain genera and proinflammatory cytokines was noted. Conclusion This exploratory study provides insights into the complex relationship between the oral and gut microbiota and their association with systemic inflammation in obesity-related hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Magdalena Aguirre-García
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paulina Hernández-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana Pamela Gómez-García
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Aura M. Moreno-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Pinto-Cardoso
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Adriana Alviter-Plata
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alma R. Escalona-Montaño
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Erick R. Ordaz-Robles
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María del C. González-Salazar
- Outpatient Clinic, Cardiovascular Risk Factors Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Enrique A. Berrios-Bárcenas
- Outpatient Clinic, Cardiovascular Risk Factors Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Nydia Ávila-Vanzzini
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Li Q, Zhan J, Feng Y, Liao Z, Li X. The Association of Body Mass Index with Cognition and Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers in the Elderly with Different Cognitive Status: A Study from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Database. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:9-24. [PMID: 38229832 PMCID: PMC10789287 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The association of body mass index (BMI) with cognition and Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers of the elderly remains inconclusive. Objective To investigate the relationship between BMI and cognition as well as AD biomarkers in the elderly with different cognitive status. Methods Participants with cognitively normal (CN) were included as the CN group. Participants with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia were included as the cognitive impairment (CI) group. The relationship between BMI and AD biomarkers (cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 and p-tau181, hippocampal volume [HV]), global cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE]), memory, and executive function were explored. Results In the CI group, BMI was associated with MMSE (β= 0.03, p = 0.009), Aβ42 (β= 0.006, p = 0.029), p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio (β= -0.001, p = 0.011), and HV (β= 0.05, p < 0.001). However in the CN group, BMI exhibited associations with p-tau181 (β= 0.012, p = 0.014) and memory composite score (β= -0.04, p = 0.038), but not with p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio and HV. Moreover, mediation analysis showed that in the CI group, the positive effect of BMI on HV and MMSE score was partially mediated by diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion The association of BMI with cognition and AD biomarkers varies across different cognitive status. In particular, a lower BMI was associated with worse cognition, higher Aβ burden, and lower HV in individuals with CI. Clinical practice should strengthen the monitoring and management of BMI in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiehong Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxue Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Zixuan Liao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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11
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Sotozawa M, Kinguchi S, Wakui H, Azushima K, Funakoshi K, Nakajima W, Miyazaki T, Takahashi T, Tamura K. Enhancement of angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein in the paraventricular nucleus suppresses angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:67-77. [PMID: 37884662 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system in the brain plays a pivotal role in modulating sympathetic nerve activity and contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension. Angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor (AT1R)-associated protein (ATRAP) promotes internalization of AT1R while suppressing pathological overactivation of AT1R signaling. However, the pathophysiological function of ATRAP in the brain remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether ATRAP in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is involved in neurogenic hypertension pathogenesis in Ang II-infused rats. The ATRAP/AT1R ratio, which serves as an indicator of tissue AT1R hyperactivity, tended to decrease within the PVN in the Ang II group than in the vehicle group. This suggests an Ang II-induced hyperactivation of the AT1R signaling pathway in the PVN. Lentiviral vectors were generated to stimulate ATRAP expression. At 6 weeks of age, rats were microinjected with LV-Venus (Venus-expressing lentivirus) or LV-ATRAP (Venus-ATRAP-expressing lentivirus). The rats were then randomly divided into four groups: (1) Vehicle/LV-Venus, (2) Vehicle/LV-ATRAP, (3) Ang II/LV-Venus, and (4) Ang II/LV-ATRAP. Two weeks after microinjection, vehicle or Ang II was administered systemically for 2 weeks. In the Ang II/LV-ATRAP group, systolic blood pressure at 1 and 2 weeks following administration was significantly lower than that in the Ang II/LV-Venus group. Furthermore, urinary adrenaline levels tended to decrease in the Ang II/LV-ATRAP group than in the Ang II/LV-Venus group. These findings suggest that enhanced ATRAP expression in the PVN suppresses Ang II-induced hypertension, potentially by suppressing hyperactivation of the tissue AT1R signaling pathway and, subsequently, sympathetic nerve activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Sotozawa
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sho Kinguchi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Wakui
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Kengo Azushima
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Waki Nakajima
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Miyazaki
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takuya Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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12
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Chakraborty S, Verma A, Garg R, Singh J, Verma H. Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mechanistic Insight. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 16:11795514231220780. [PMID: 38148756 PMCID: PMC10750528 DOI: 10.1177/11795514231220780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A complex metabolic condition referred to as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and decreased insulin production. Obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and chronic inflammation are just a few of the cardiometabolic illnesses that people with T2DM are more likely to acquire and results in cardiovascular issues. It is essential to comprehend the mechanistic insights into these risk variables in order to prevent and manage cardiovascular problems in T2DM effectively. Impaired glycemic control leads to upregulation of De novo lipogenesis (DNL), promote hepatic triglyceride (TG) synthesis, worsening dyslipidemia that is accompanied by low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high amounts of small, dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) further developing atherosclerosis. By causing endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation, chronic hyperglycemia worsens already existing cardiometabolic risk factors. Vasoconstriction, inflammation, and platelet aggregation are caused by endothelial dysfunction, which is characterized by decreased nitric oxide production, increased release of vasoconstrictors, proinflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules. The loop of IR and endothelial dysfunction is sustained by chronic inflammation fueled by inflammatory mediators produced in adipose tissue. Infiltrating inflammatory cells exacerbate inflammation and the development of plaque in the artery wall. In addition, the combination of chronic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and IR contributes to the emergence of hypertension, a prevalent comorbidity in T2DM. The ability to target therapies and management techniques is made possible by improvements in our knowledge of these mechanistic insights. Aim of present review is to enhance our current understanding of the mechanistic insights into the cardiometabolic risk factors related to T2DM provides important details into the interaction of pathophysiological processes resulting in cardiovascular problems. Understanding these pathways will enable us to create efficient plans for the prevention, detection, and treatment of cardiovascular problems in T2DM patients, ultimately leading to better overall health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Chakraborty
- Overseas R & D Centre, Overseas HealthCare Pvt Ltd., Phillaur, Punjab, India
| | - Anjali Verma
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rajeev Garg
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India
- Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab, India
- Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmacy, Dalewal, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Hitesh Verma
- Overseas R & D Centre, Overseas HealthCare Pvt Ltd., Phillaur, Punjab, India
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India
- Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab, India
- Biofern Life Sciences Pvt Ltd, Karnataka, India
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13
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Ren S, Zhang L, Tang X, Fan C, Zhao Y, Cheng Q, Zhang Y. Plant Secondary Compounds Promote White Adipose Tissue Browning via Modulation of the Gut Microbiota in Small Mammals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17420. [PMID: 38139249 PMCID: PMC10743627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a promising area of research for treating metabolic disorders and obesity in the future. However, studies on plant secondary compounds promoting WAT browning are limited. Herein, we explored the effects of swainsonine (SW) on gut microbiota and WAT browning in captive pikas. SW inhibited body mass gain, increased brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass, and induced WAT browning in pikas. The 16S rDNA sequencing revealed a significant reduction in the alpha diversity and altered community structure of the gut microbiota in captive pikas. However, the addition of SW to the diet significantly increased the alpha diversity of gut microbiota and the relative abundance of Akkermansia, Prevotella, and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae, along with the complexity of the microbial co-occurrence network structure, which decreased in the guts of captive pikas. Functional profiles showed that SW significantly decreased the relative abundances of energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, which were enriched in captive pikas. Furthermore, SW decreased deterministic processes of gut microbiota assembly in July and increased them in November. Finally, the genera Prevotella and unclassified_f__Prevotellaceae were positively correlated with BAT mass. Our results highlighted that plant secondary compounds promote WAT browning by modulating the gut microbiota in small mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shien Ren
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liangzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
| | - Xianjiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
| | - Chao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
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14
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Wu Y, Hao X, Zhu K, Zheng C, Guan F, Zeng P, Wang T. Long-term adverse influence of smoking during pregnancy on height and body size of offspring at ten years old in the UK Biobank cohort. SSM Popul Health 2023; 24:101506. [PMID: 37692834 PMCID: PMC10492214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the long-term relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood growth in the UK Biobank cohort. Methods To estimate the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on offspring height and body size at ten years old, we performed binary logistic analyses and reported odds ratios (OR) as well as 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). We also implemented the cross-contextual comparison study to examine whether such influence could be repeatedly observed among three different ethnicities in the UK Biobank cohort (n = 22,140 for White, n = 7094 for South Asian, and n = 5000 for Black). In particular, we conducted the sibling cohort study in White sibling cohort (n = 9953 for height and n = 7239 for body size) to control for unmeasured familial confounders. Results We discovered that children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy had greater risk of being shorter or plumper at age ten in the full UK Biobank White cohort, with 15.3% (95% CIs: 13.0%∼17.7%) higher risk for height and 32.4% (95%CIs: 29.5%∼35.4%) larger risk for body size. Similar associations were identified in the South Asian and Black ethnicities. These associations were robust and remained significant in the White sibling cohort (12.6% [95%CIs: 5.0%∼20.3%] for height and 36.1% [95%CIs: 26.3%∼45.9%] for body size) after controlling for family factors. Conclusion This study robustly confirms that maternal smoking during pregnancy can promote height deficit and obesity for offspring at ten years old. Our findings strongly encourage mothers to quit smoking during pregnancy for improving growth and development of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kexuan Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Chu Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Fengjun Guan
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Engineering Research Innovation Center of Biological Data Mining and Healthcare Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
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15
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Li Y, Li J, Nima Q. Associations of socioeconomic status and obesity with hypertension in tibetan adults in a Chinese plateau area. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1840. [PMID: 37735642 PMCID: PMC10515255 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have identified that socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity are associated with hypertension. However, their interaction on hypertension risk has not yet been assessed. METHODS The study used data from 6,069 Tibetan residents in Chengguan District in Lhasa, the Chinese Tibetan autonomous region's capital, based on a cohort study conducted from May 2018 to September 2019 in five provinces in southwest China. We used logistic regression models to assess the complex relations of SES and obesity with hypertension. RESULTS Compared with individuals of high SES, low and moderate SES were positively associated with high risk of hypertension. SES and obesity have significant additive interaction on hypertension (general obesity by BMI: RERI = 1.33, P < 0.001; abdominal obesity by WC: RERI = 0.76, P < 0.001; abdominal obesity by WHtR: RERI = 0.96, P < 0.001). In people from the low and moderate SES segments, obesity was linked to an increased risk of hypertension, but the correlations were stronger in people from the moderate SES category. Compared with people of high SES and non obese, those with moderate SES and obesity had a higher risk of hypertension, and ORs were 4.38 (2.80, 6.84) for general obesity by BMI, 3.38 (2.05, 5.57) for abdominal obesity by WC, and 3.18 (1.57, 6.42) for abdominal obesity by WHtR. CONCLUSION There is an independent and additive interaction effect of obesity and SES on the risk of hypertension. People with obesity, especially those of moderate and low SES, should reduce weight and waist circumference, and pay more attention to blood pressure. Moreover, the government, health administration departments, and society should prioritize improving the socioeconomic status of the Tibetan population and addressing risk factors like obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Li
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 21 North linkuo Road, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Wuzhong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou City, China
| | - Qucuo Nima
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 21 North linkuo Road, Lhasa, Tibet, China.
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16
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Gu H, Hao L, Li M, Li J. Joint effect of overweight/obesity and tobacco exposure on hypertension in children aged 6-17 years: a cross-sectional study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1188417. [PMID: 37456569 PMCID: PMC10347524 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1188417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the individual effects of overweight/obesity and tobacco exposure, and their combined effects on hypertension in children. Methods This cross-sectional study included 6,339 children aged 6-17 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2018. Participants' height, weight and blood pressure (BP) were measured by trained technicians. Hypertension was defined as: mean systolic BP (SBP) and/or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥ 90th percentile for sex, age, and height (for children aged 1-13 years), and SBP ≥120 mmHg and/or a DBP ≥80 mmHg (for adolescents aged 13-17 years); or self-reported having been diagnosed with hypertension or taking antihypertensive medication. Gender- and age-specific body mass index (BMI) cut-points were used to define overweight/obesity: "overweight" was defined as a BMI > 1 standard deviation (SD); "obesity" was defined as BMI > 2SD; and "thinness" was defined as BMI < -2SD. Tobacco exposure was defined as having serum cotinine levels >0.05 µg/L or reporting the presence of at least one smoker in the household. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess overweight/obesity and tobacco exposure with the odds of hypertension, and the combined effects of overweight/ obesity and tobacco exposure on hypertension, followed by strata-specific analyses. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity and tobacco exposure was significantly higher in the hypertension group than in the non-hypertension group. Overweight/obesity (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.26-2.21/ OR = 2.38, 95%CI: 1.67-3.39) and tobacco exposure (OR = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.16-2.14) were associated with a higher odd of hypertension in children, respectively. Additionally, we also observed the combined effect between overweight (OR = 3.05, 95%CI: 1.96-4.75)/obesity (OR = 3.68, 95%CI: 2.24-6.03) and tobacco exposure were related to hypertension odds in children, with a significant effect in different populations. Conclusion There may exist joint effect of overweight/obesity and tobacco exposure on the odds of hypertension in American children. These findings offer an insight that early weight control and reduction of tobacco exposure may be important to reduce odds of hypertension in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gu
- Department of Integrative Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Long Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Fangshan District Liangxiang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Guang’ Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Spitz RW, Loprinzi PD, Loenneke JP. Individuals with hypertension have lower plasma volume regardless of weight status. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:491-495. [PMID: 35568725 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00705-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Increased plasma volume is often reported as a cause or symptom of hypertension in individuals with obesity. However, these individuals are often compared to normal weight normotensive individuals. Since higher plasma volumes have been reported in larger individuals, it is possible that plasma volume is actually lower in obese hypertensive individuals compared to normotensive obese individuals. This may be important for better understanding the clinical manifestation of hypertension between weight categories. National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (cycles 1999-2018) data were used to examine the relationship between plasma (derived from the Straus formula), blood pressure (measured with an automated device) and body mass index. We observed an inverse relationship between estimated plasma volume and systolic (B = -1.68 (95% CI: -2.06, -1.30) mmHg), p < 0.0001), diastolic (B = -3.35 (95% CI: -3.61, -3.08) mmHg) p < 0.0001), and mean arterial pressure (B = -2.79 (95% CI: -3.05, -2.53) mmHg) p < 0.0001). The relationship between estimated plasma volume and diastolic blood pressure (interaction term: B = -0.069 (-0.10, -0.03), p < 0.0001) did depend on BMI. The "normal weight" group had the lowest slope and this slope was significantly different from the "obese" (B = -1.47 (95% CI: -1.88, -1.07)) and "overweight" (B = -1.11 (-1.55, -0.67)) groups. Plasma volume is lower in hypertensive individuals regardless of weight status, but this relationship is more pronounced among obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Spitz
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management. Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, Mississippi, USA
| | - Paul D Loprinzi
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management. Exercise and Memory Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, Mississippi, USA
| | - Jeremy P Loenneke
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management. Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, Mississippi, USA.
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18
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Gaspar AR, Andrade B, Mosca S, Ferreira-Duarte M, Teixeira A, Cosme D, Albino-Teixeira A, Ronchi FA, Leite AP, Casarini DE, Areias JC, Sousa T, Afonso AC, Morato M, Correia-Costa L. Association between blood pressure and angiotensin-converting enzymes activity in prepubertal children ∗. J Hypertens 2023; 41:545-553. [PMID: 36723456 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Angiotensin-converting enzymes' (ACEs) relationship with blood pressure (BP) during childhood has not been clearly established. We aimed to compare ACE and ACE2 activities between BMI groups in a sample of prepubertal children, and to characterize the association between these enzymes' activities and BP. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 313 children aged 8-9 years old, included in the birth cohort Generation XXI (Portugal). Anthropometric measurements and 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring were performed. ACE and ACE2 activities were quantified by fluorometric methods. RESULTS Overweight/obese children demonstrated significantly higher ACE and ACE2 activities, when compared to their normal weight counterparts [median (P25-P75), ACE: 39.48 (30.52-48.97) vs. 42.90 (35.62-47.18) vs. 43.38 (33.49-49.89) mU/ml, P for trend = 0.009; ACE2: 10.41 (7.58-15.47) vs. 21.56 (13.34-29.09) vs. 29.00 (22.91-34.32) pM/min per ml, P for trend < 0.001, in normal weight, overweight and obese children, respectively]. In girls, night-time systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) increased across tertiles of ACE activity ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). ACE2 activity was associated with higher night-time SBP and DBP in overweight/obese girls ( P = 0.037 and P = 0.048, respectively) and night-time DBP in the BMI z-score girl adjusted model ( P = 0.018). Median ACE2 levels were significantly higher among nondipper girls (16.7 vs. 11.6 pM/min per ml, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Our work shows that obesity is associated with activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, with significant increase of ACE and ACE2 activities already in childhood. Also, we report sex differences in the association of ACE and ACE2 activities with BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Gaspar
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto
| | - Beatriz Andrade
- Unidade de Saúde Familiar (USF) Nuno Grande, Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde (ACeS) Douro I - Marão e Douro Norte, Vila Real
| | - Sara Mosca
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto
- Department of Pediatrics, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto
| | - Mariana Ferreira-Duarte
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto
| | - Ana Teixeira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
| | - Dina Cosme
- Department of Biomedicine - Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto
- MedInUP - Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, Universidade do Porto, Porto
| | - António Albino-Teixeira
- Department of Biomedicine - Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto
- MedInUP - Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, Universidade do Porto, Porto
| | - Fernanda A Ronchi
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Leite
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dulce E Casarini
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José C Areias
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Sousa
- Department of Biomedicine - Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto
- MedInUP - Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, Universidade do Porto, Porto
| | - Alberto C Afonso
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
| | - Manuela Morato
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto
| | - Liane Correia-Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto
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19
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Soleimani M, Barone S, Luo H, Zahedi K. Pathogenesis of Hypertension in Metabolic Syndrome: The Role of Fructose and Salt. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4294. [PMID: 36901725 PMCID: PMC10002086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is manifested by visceral obesity, hypertension, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinism, and dyslipidemia. According to the CDC, metabolic syndrome in the US has increased drastically since the 1960s leading to chronic diseases and rising healthcare costs. Hypertension is a key component of metabolic syndrome and is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality due to stroke, cardiovascular ailments, and kidney disease. The pathogenesis of hypertension in metabolic syndrome, however, remains poorly understood. Metabolic syndrome results primarily from increased caloric intake and decreased physical activity. Epidemiologic studies show that an enhanced consumption of sugars, in the form of fructose and sucrose, correlates with the amplified prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Diets with a high fat content, in conjunction with elevated fructose and salt intake, accelerate the development of metabolic syndrome. This review article discusses the latest literature in the pathogenesis of hypertension in metabolic syndrome, with a specific emphasis on the role of fructose and its stimulatory effect on salt absorption in the small intestine and kidney tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoocher Soleimani
- Research Services, New Mexico Veterans Health Care Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Sharon Barone
- Research Services, New Mexico Veterans Health Care Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Henry Luo
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Kamyar Zahedi
- Research Services, New Mexico Veterans Health Care Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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20
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Wang HY, Wang FZ, Chang R, Wang Q, Liu SY, Cheng ZX, Gao Q, Zhou H, Zhou YB. Adrenomedullin Improves Hypertension and Vascular Remodeling partly through the Receptor-Mediated AMPK Pathway in Rats with Obesity-Related Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043943. [PMID: 36835355 PMCID: PMC9967515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a novel cardiovascular peptide with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and calcification play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction in obesity-related hypertension (OH). Our study aimed to explore the effects of ADM on the vascular inflammation, oxidative stress and calcification in rats with OH. Eight-week-old Sprague Dawley male rats were fed with either a Control diet or a high fat diet (HFD) for 28 weeks. Next, the OH rats were randomly subdivided into two groups as follows: (1) HFD control group, and (2) HFD with ADM. A 4-week treatment with ADM (7.2 μg/kg/day, ip) not only improved hypertension and vascular remodeling, but also inhibited vascular inflammation, oxidative stress and calcification in aorta of rats with OH. In vitro experiments, ADM (10 nM) in A7r5 cells (rat thoracic aorta smooth muscle cells) attenuated palmitic acid (PA, 200 μM) or angiotensin II (Ang II, 10 nM) alone or their combination treatment-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and calcification, which were effectively inhibited by the ADM receptor antagonist ADM22-52 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor Compound C, respectively. Moreover, ADM treatment significantly inhibited Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) protein expression in aorta of rats with OH or in PA-treated A7r5 cells. ADM improved hypertension, vascular remodeling and arterial stiffness, and attenuated inflammation, oxidative stress and calcification in OH state partially via receptor-mediated AMPK pathway. The results also raise the possibility that ADM will be considered for improving hypertension and vascular damage in patients with OH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ye-Bo Zhou
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-25-86869351
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21
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Yu S, Klomjit N, Jiang K, Zhu XY, Ferguson CM, Conley SM, Obeidat Y, Kellogg TA, McKenzie T, Heimbach JK, Lerman A, Lerman LO. Human Obesity Attenuates Cardioprotection Conferred by Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:221-232. [PMID: 35616881 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To explore the impact of obesity on reparative potency of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (A-MSC) in hypertensive cardiomyopathy, A-MSC were harvested from subcutaneous fat of obese and age-matched non-obese human subjects during bariatric or kidney donation surgeries, and then injected into mice 2 weeks after inducing renovascular hypertension (RVH) or sham surgery. Two weeks later, left ventricular (LV) function and deformation were estimated in vivo by micro-magnetic resonance imaging and myocardial damage ex vivo. Blood pressure and myocardial wall thickening were elevated in RVH + Vehicle and normalized only by lean-A-MSC. Both A-MSC types reduced LV mass and normalized the reduced LV peak strain radial in RVH, yet obese-A-MSC also impaired LV systolic function. A-MSC alleviated myocardial tissue damage in RVH, but lean-A-MSC decreased oxidative stress more effectively. Obese-A-MSC also showed increased cellular inflammation in vitro. Therefore, obese-A-MSC are less effective than lean-A-MSC in blunting hypertensive cardiomyopathy in mice with RVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Nattawat Klomjit
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Kai Jiang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Xiang Y Zhu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Christopher M Ferguson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Sabena M Conley
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Yasin Obeidat
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | | | | | | | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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22
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Kim YI, Lee ES, Song EJ, Shin DU, Eom JE, Shin HS, Kim JE, Oh JY, Nam YD, Lee SY. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 ameliorates obesity by regulating adipogenesis and thermogenesis in C57BL/6J male mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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23
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Zhang X, Zhang T, Wu C, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Xu R. The association between inflammatory biomarkers and carotid artery plaque in normal-weight and metabolically healthy Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:330-338. [PMID: 36224287 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Existing evidence has indicated a role of inflammation in the development of carotid artery plaque (CAP). We thus evaluated the association between inflammation and CAP in a population with normal body weight and metabolically healthy status. A total of 8050 normal-body-weight and metabolically healthy participants (2613 men and 5437 women, aged 40.5 ± 11.3 y) were included in this study. Inflammatory status was evaluated by three parameters: serum hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), WBC (white blood cell) count, and NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio). CAP was detected by ultrasound B-mode imaging. Clinical data were abstracted from medical records. Metabolically healthy status was defined as no history of metabolic diseases and normal blood pressure, fasting blood glucose level, hemoglobin A1c level, lipid profile, and liver ultrasonographic findings. The serum level of hs-CRP, but not WBC or NLR, was associated with the risk of CAP after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The adjusted odds ratio for the risk of CAP was 2.71 (1.64, 4.46) for participants with a high level of hs-CRP (≥3 mg/L), compared with those with a low level (<1 mg/L). Each unit increase in hs-CRP was associated with a 24% higher risk of CAP (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.37). Inflammation was associated with the risk of CAP even in individuals with a normal body weight and metabolically healthy status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiquan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqi Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renying Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Yokokawa H, Suzuki M, Aoki N, Sato Y, Naito T. Achievement of target blood pressure among community residents with hypertension and factors associated with therapeutic failure in the northern territory of Japan. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221126878. [PMID: 36314244 PMCID: PMC9623383 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221126878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the rate of achieving the target blood pressure (BP) defined by Japanese hypertension management guidelines and to examine factors associated with achieving the target BP. METHODS This cross-sectional study, which was conducted between January 2012 and December 2015, examined the BP control status and associated factors among 9,016 Japanese community residents with hypertension. Residents were divided into the following six groups: G1, young, middle-aged, and early-phase elderly patients; G2, patients with cerebrovascular disease; G3, patients with coronary artery disease; G4, patients with chronic kidney disease with proteinuria; G5, patients with diabetes; and G6, patients with chronic kidney disease without proteinuria. BP target achievement rates were calculated for each group. A multivariate analysis identified factors associated with "therapeutic failure" of target BP. RESULTS The target BP was achieved by 52.6% participants in G1, 84.3% in G2, 50.6% in G3, 45.6% in G4, 48.7% in G5, and 75.0% in G6. The body mass index and receiving antilipidemic medication were associated with therapeutic failure. CONCLUSION This study shows that achievement rates for treatment goals among Japanese patients with hypertension are still low. Body mass index and treatment of dyslipidemia may be associated with the control of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohide Yokokawa
- Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of
Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Hirohide Yokokawa, Department of General
Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8421, Japan.
| | - Mai Suzuki
- Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of
Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomi Aoki
- Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of
Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Japan,
Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kawasaki City, Japan
| | - Toshio Naito
- Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of
Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Mutengo KH, Masenga SK, Mwesigwa N, Patel KP, Kirabo A. Hypertension and human immunodeficiency virus: A paradigm for epithelial sodium channels? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:968184. [PMID: 36093171 PMCID: PMC9452753 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.968184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for end organ damage and death and is more common in persons with HIV compared to the general population. Several mechanisms have been studied in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Current evidence suggests that the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) plays a key role in regulating blood pressure through the transport of sodium and water across membranes in the kidney tubules, resulting in retention of sodium and water and an altered fluid balance. However, there is scarcity of information that elucidates the role of ENaC in HIV as it relates to increasing the risk for development or pathogenesis of hypertension. This review summarized the evidence to date implicating a potential role for altered ENaC activity in contributing to hypertension in patients with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katongo H. Mutengo
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, HAND Research Group, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Campus, Livingstone, Zambia,School of Public Health and Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Sepiso K. Masenga
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, HAND Research Group, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Campus, Livingstone, Zambia,School of Public Health and Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Naome Mwesigwa
- Department of Medicine and Dentistry, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kaushik P. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Annet Kirabo,
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26
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Mogi M, Maruhashi T, Higashi Y, Masuda T, Nagata D, Nagai M, Bokuda K, Ichihara A, Nozato Y, Toba A, Narita K, Hoshide S, Tanaka A, Node K, Yoshida Y, Shibata H, Katsurada K, Kuwabara M, Kodama T, Shinohara K, Kario K. Update on Hypertension Research in 2021. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:1276-1297. [PMID: 35790879 PMCID: PMC9255494 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-00967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In 2021, 217 excellent manuscripts were published in Hypertension Research. Editorial teams greatly appreciate the authors' contribution to hypertension research progress. Here, our editorial members have summarized twelve topics from published work and discussed current topics in depth. We hope you enjoy our special feature, "Update on Hypertension Research in 2021".
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Tohon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Maruhashi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Division of Radiation Medical Science, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Division of Radiation Medical Science, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takahiro Masuda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nagata
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Michiaki Nagai
- Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, 1-2-1 Kameyamaminami Asakita-ku, Hiroshima, 731-0293, Japan
| | - Kanako Bokuda
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Ichihara
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nozato
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayumi Toba
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Keisuke Narita
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hoshide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yoshida
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu city, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shibata
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu city, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kenichi Katsurada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Masanari Kuwabara
- Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2, Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan
| | - Takahide Kodama
- Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2, Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shinohara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
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Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors among Children with Intellectual Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153127. [PMID: 35956301 PMCID: PMC9370698 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in Chinese children with intellectual disability, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 558 children with intellectual disability aged 6–18 years in Hong Kong, and 452 (81.0%) with valid data were included in the data analysis. Blood pressure was measured according to a standard protocol. Hypertension was defined using the age-, gender-, and height-specific classification criteria recommended by the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Children. Multivariate and hierarchical logistic regression was fitted to examine the associations of hypertension with potential risk factors. Overall, 31.4% of the participants were classified as having hypertension. Obese children were more likely to develop hypertension than non-obese children (adjusted OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.28, 5.99, p = 0.010). A paternal education of college or above and a paternal occupation of clerks, sales representatives, and workers were also associated with an increased risk of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is high among Chinese children with intellectual disability. Obesity was the strongest risk factor. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm our findings. Nevertheless, preventions against obesity are promising to receive doubled benefits in reducing both obesity and hypertension, given its strong relationship with hypertension in this special population.
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Modifiable factors of 20-year blood pressure trajectories among normotensives and their associations with hypertension : a prospective study. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:252-262. [PMID: 34470677 PMCID: PMC10040223 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the impact of modifiable risk factors on blood pressure (BP) trajectories and their associations with hypertension (HTN). We aimed to identify BP trajectories in normotensive Chinese adults and explore their influencing factors and associations with HTN. We used data from 3436 adults with at least four BP measurements between 1989 and 2018 in the China Health and Nutrition Survey, an ongoing cohort study. We measured BP using mercury sphygmomanometers with appropriate cuff sizes in all surveys. We used group-based trajectory modelling to identify BP trajectories between 1989 and 2009 and multiple logistic and Cox regression models to analyse their influencing factors and associations with HTN in 2011-2018. We identified five systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectories, 'Low-increasing (LI)', 'Low-stable (LS)', 'Moderate-increasing (MI)', 'High-stable (HS)' and 'Moderate-decreasing (MD)', and four diastolic blood pressure (DBP) trajectories classified as 'Low-increasing (LI)', 'Moderate-stable (MS)', 'Low-stable (LS)' and 'High-increasing (HI)'. People with higher physical activity (PA) levels and lower waist circumferences (WC) were less likely to be in the SBP LI, MI, HS and MD groups (P < 0·05). People with higher fruit and vegetable intakes, lower WCs and salt intakes and higher PA levels were less likely to be in the DBP LI, MS and HI groups (P < 0·05). Participants in the SBP HS group (hazard ratio (HR) 2·01) or the DBP LI, MS and HI groups (HR 1·38, 1·40, 1·71, respectively) had higher risks of HTN (P < 0·05). This study suggests that BP monitoring is necessary to prevent HTN in the Chinese population.
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29
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Insulin antibody as a biomarker to monitor the development of type 2 diabetes in county hospitals in China. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-022-01110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The significance of insulin antibody (IA) detection in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has received scant attention from county hospitals in China. We aimed to introduce exogenous IA positive rate and its relative factors in T2DM treated with insulin in Xiangshan County of Ningbo City, analyzing the immunogenicity of different kinds of insulin.
Methods
Patients who were residents from the Danxi community and six towns (Dongchen, Xizhou, Maoyang, Sizhoutou, Juexi, and Qiangtou) in Xiangshan County and diagnosed with T2DM and treated with insulins at Xiangshan Hospital of TCM Medical and Health Group between August 2019 and June 2020 were identified. Those who met the eligibility criteria were included and assigned to the IA-positive or IA-negative group. The immunogenicity of different insulins was compared between the two groups.
Results
Among 992 patients, 781 were eligible for IA detection, and 40.2% of them were IA positive. Blood IA was closely associated with fasting and 2-h glucose, insulin, and C peptide levels and higher insulin dosage. Patients receiving basal insulin treatment showed significantly lower blood IA than those treated with mixed human insulin, premixed human insulins, rapid-acting analogs, or a combination of basal and rapid-acting analogs.
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30
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Kimura Takiguchi M, Morimoto S, Watanabe D, Abe K, Ichihara A. Urinary free cortisol excretion is associated with lumbar bone density in patients with adrenal Cushing's syndrome. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:1632-1642. [PMID: 35595982 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-00939-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Patients with adrenal Cushing's syndrome have a poor prognosis due to the autonomous hypersecretion of endogenous cortisol from the adrenal gland. Although several clinical examinations have been developed to manifest the autonomous hypersecretion of endogenous cortisol in this syndrome, it is unknown which parameter of cortisol overproduction is best associated with the adrenal cortisol content and bone and vascular complications of this syndrome. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the parameter(s) associated with the adrenal cortisol content in patients with adrenal Cushing's syndrome, as well as to assess the associations between these parameters and the vascular and bone complications of this syndrome. Cardiovascular factors such as blood pressure and pulse rate, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, renal function, and indices of arteriosclerosis, except for diastolic blood pressure, failed to show an association with the adrenal cortisol content. Twenty-four-hour urinary free cortisol excretion (ρ = 0.893, P = 0.007) and plasma cortisol levels after the 1-mg (ρ = 0.857, P = 0.014) or 8-mg (ρ = 0.900, P = 0.037) overnight dexamethasone suppression test, but not plasma cortisol levels in the morning or late at night or indices of 131I-adosterol single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography, were significantly and positively associated with the adrenal cortisol content. Twenty-four-hour urinary free cortisol excretion, and not plasma cortisol levels after the 1- or 8-mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test, was significantly and negatively associated with lumbar spine bone density (lumbar spine bone mineral density, ρ = -0.786, P = 0.036; lumbar spine T score, ρ = -0.883, P = 0.009; and lumbar spine Z score, ρ = -0.883, P = 0.009). These results indicate that 24-h urinary free cortisol excretion is best associated with a decrease in bone density via increased adrenal cortisol overproduction and suggest that it could be used as a marker for osteoporosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Kimura Takiguchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Watanabe
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Abe
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Ichihara
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Nuts and Metabolic Syndrome: Reducing the Burden of Metabolic Syndrome in Menopause. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081677. [PMID: 35458240 PMCID: PMC9028023 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause imposes a dramatic fall in estrogens, which is followed by an increase in the proportion of fat. The rising androgen/estrogen ratio along the menopause transition favors the accumulation of central fat, which contributes to insulin resistance and a series of concatenated effects, leading to a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome. The modulatory effect of diet on the metabolic syndrome phenotype has been shown for the Mediterranean diet, and nuts are key determinants of these health benefits. This review of the impact of nuts on the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome cluster examined studies—prioritizing meta-analyses and systemic reviews—to summarize the potential benefits of nut ingestion on the risk of metabolic syndrome associated with menopause. Nuts have a general composition profile that includes macronutrients, with a high proportion of unsaturated fat, bioactive compounds, and fiber. The mechanisms set in motion by nuts have shown different levels of efficacy against the disturbances associated with metabolic syndrome, but a beneficial impact on lipids and carbohydrate metabolism, and a potential, but minimal reduction in blood pressure and fat accumulation have been found.
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Ludwig-Walz H, Nyasordzi J, Weber KS, Buyken AE, Kroke A. Maternal pregnancy weight or gestational weight gain and offspring's blood pressure: A systematic review. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:833-852. [PMID: 35078676 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS An increasing number of studies suggest that maternal weight parameters in pregnancy are associated with offspring's blood pressure (BP). The aim of this systematic review - following the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement - was to assess and judge the evidence for an association between maternal pregnancy weight/body mass index (BMI) or gestational weight gain (GWG) with offspring's BP in later life. DATA SYNTHESIS MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched without limits. Risk of bias was assessed using the "US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute"-tool, and an evidence grade was allocated following the "World Cancer Research Fund" criteria. Of 7,124 publications retrieved, 16 studies (all cohort studies) were included in the systematic review. Overall data from 52,606 participants (0 years [newborns] to 32 years) were enclosed. Association between maternal pregnancy BMI and offspring's BP were analyzed in 2 (both "good-quality" rated) studies, without consistent results. GWG and offspring's BP was analyzed in 14 studies (2 "good-quality", 9 "fair-quality", 3 "poor-quality" rated). Of these, 3 "fair-quality" studies described significant positive results for systolic BP and significant results, but partly with varying directions of effect estimates for diastolic BP. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was analyzed in 1 "poor-quality" congress paper. Overall, based on the small number of "good-quality"-rated studies and the inconsistency of effect direction, no firm conclusion can be drawn. CONCLUSION Evidence for an association of maternal pregnancy weight determinants with offspring's BP was overall graded as "limited - no conclusion".
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ludwig-Walz
- Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda, Germany.
| | - Juliana Nyasordzi
- Department of Sports and Health, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Germany; University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana.
| | | | - Anette E Buyken
- Department of Sports and Health, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Germany.
| | - Anja Kroke
- Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda, Germany.
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Röhling M, Kempf K, Banzer W, Braumann KM, Führer-Sakel D, Halle M, McCarthy D, Martin S, Scholze J, Toplak H, Berg A, Predel HG. A High-Protein and Low-Glycemic Formula Diet Improves Blood Pressure and Other Hemodynamic Parameters in High-Risk Individuals. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071443. [PMID: 35406053 PMCID: PMC9003071 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-caloric formula diets can improve hemodynamic parameters of patients with type 2 diabetes. We, therefore, hypothesized that persons with overweight or obesity can benefit from a high-protein, low-glycemic but moderate-caloric formula diet. This post-hoc analysis of the Almased Concept against Overweight and Obesity and Related Health Risk- (ACOORH) trial investigated the impact of a lifestyle intervention combined with a formula diet (INT, n = 308) compared to a control group with lifestyle intervention alone (CON, n = 155) on hemodynamic parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), resting heart rate (HR), and pulse wave velocity (PWV)) in high-risk individuals with prehypertension or hypertension. INT replaced meals during the first 6 months (1 week: 3 meals/day; 2−4 weeks: 2 meals/day; 5−26 weeks: 1 meal/day). Study duration was 12 months. From the starting cohort, 304 (68.3%, INT: n = 216; CON: n = 101) participants had a complete dataset. Compared to CON, INT significantly reduced more SBP (−7.3 mmHg 95% CI [−9.2; −5.3] vs. −3.3 mmHg [−5.9; −0.8], p < 0.049) and DBP (−3.7 mmHg [−4.9; −2.5] vs. −1.4 mmHg [−3.1; 0.2], p < 0.028) after 12 months. Compared to CON, INT showed a pronounced reduction in resting HR and PWV after 6 months but both lost significance after 12 months. Changes in SBP, DBP, and PWV were significantly associated positively with changes in body weight and fat mass (all p < 0.05) and resting HR correlated positively with fasting insulin (p < 0.001) after 12 months. Combining a lifestyle intervention with a high-protein and low-glycemic formula diet improves hemodynamic parameters to a greater extent than lifestyle intervention alone in high-risk individuals with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Röhling
- West-German Center of Diabetes and Health, Düsseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Düsseldorf, Germany; (K.K.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)211-56-60-360-66
| | - Kerstin Kempf
- West-German Center of Diabetes and Health, Düsseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Düsseldorf, Germany; (K.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute for Sports and Sport Science, University of Frankfurt, 60487 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Klaus Michael Braumann
- Department of Sports and Movement Medicine, Faculty of Psychology and Human Movement Sciences, University of Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Dagmar Führer-Sakel
- Diabetes and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany;
| | - Martin Halle
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80992 Munich, Germany;
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - David McCarthy
- Public Health Nutrition Research Group, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK;
| | - Stephan Martin
- West-German Center of Diabetes and Health, Düsseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591 Düsseldorf, Germany; (K.K.); (S.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40591 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Hermann Toplak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Aloys Berg
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79117 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Hans-Georg Predel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany;
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Drouard G, Ollikainen M, Mykkänen J, Raitakari O, Lehtimäki T, Kähönen M, Mishra PP, Wang X, Kaprio J. Multi-Omics Integration in a Twin Cohort and Predictive Modeling of Blood Pressure Values. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2022; 26:130-141. [PMID: 35259029 PMCID: PMC8978565 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal blood pressure is strongly associated with risk of high-prevalence diseases, making the study of blood pressure a major public health challenge. Although biological mechanisms underlying hypertension at the single omic level have been discovered, multi-omics integrative analyses using continuous variations in blood pressure values remain limited. We used a multi-omics regression-based method, called sparse multi-block partial least square, for integrative, explanatory, and predictive interests in study of systolic and diastolic blood pressure values. Various datasets were obtained from the Finnish Twin Cohort for up to 444 twins. Blocks of omics-including transcriptomic, methylation, metabolomic-data as well as polygenic risk scores and clinical data were integrated into the modeling and supported by cross-validation. The predictive contribution of each omics block when predicting blood pressure values was investigated using external participants from the Young Finns Study. In addition to revealing interesting inter-omics associations, we found that each block of omics heterogeneously improved the predictions of blood pressure values once the multi-omics data were integrated. The modeling revealed a plurality of clinical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic factors consistent with the literature and that play a leading role in explaining unit variations in blood pressure. These findings demonstrate (1) the robustness of our integrative method to harness results obtained by single omics discriminant analyses, and (2) the added value of predictive and exploratory gains of a multi-omics approach in studies of complex phenotypes such as blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabin Drouard
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Address correspondence to: Gabin Drouard, MSc, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Mykkänen
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pashupati P. Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Georgia Prevention Institute (GPI), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Liu X, Chu H, Ji Y, Bosnjak Z, Ao H, Li T. Which BMI for Diabetes Patients is Better? From the View of the Adipose Tissue Macrophage-Derived Exosome. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:141-153. [PMID: 35046685 PMCID: PMC8763208 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s345890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes, as a group of metabolic diseases, can elevate blood glucose, thus leading to the development of life-threatening complications. It is difficult to define the outcome for diabetics with different BMI. This review will illustrate the adipose tissue macrophage-derived exosome in the diabetics with different BMI. PATIENTS AND METHODS Insulin resistance in peripheral tissues can cause diabetes. The peripheral tissues include liver, muscle, or the adipose depots. Communication between these organs is fatal to the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. This review will illustrate this communication. Obesity is closely linked with diabetes. There are different changes in fat distribution in diabetic patients. Adipose tissue macrophages can secrete various hormones, including adiponectin, leptin, resistin and other classical cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6. Studies illustrated that exosomes from the adipose tissue, can modulate inter-organ cross-talk by regulating gene expression in other tissues. RESULTS Adipose tissue macrophages exosomes links thin and fat individuals in the development of diabetes. CONCLUSION The molecular pathways initiated by exosomes such as miRNA in the situations of metabolic stress could help us gain a deeper knowledge of the pathophysiology of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haichen Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhi Ji
- Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeljko Bosnjak
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Hushan Ao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hushan Ao Department of Anesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-10-68006210 Email
| | - Tianjun Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjun Li Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-10-82913035 Email
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Bertele N, Karabatsiakis A, Buss C, Talmon A. How biomarker patterns can be utilized to identify individuals with a high disease burden: a bioinformatics approach towards predictive, preventive, and personalized (3P) medicine. EPMA J 2021; 12:507-516. [PMID: 34950251 PMCID: PMC8648886 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prevalences of non-communicable diseases such as depression and a range of somatic diseases are continuously increasing requiring simple and inexpensive ways to identify high-risk individuals to target with predictive and preventive approaches. Using k-mean cluster analytics, in study 1, we identified biochemical clusters (based on C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, cortisol, and creatinine) and examined their link to diseases. Analyses were conducted in a US American sample (from the Midlife in the US study, N = 1234) and validated in a Japanese sample (from the Midlife in Japan study, N = 378). In study 2, we investigated the link of the biochemical clusters from study 1 to childhood maltreatment (CM). The three identified biochemical clusters included one cluster (with high inflammatory signaling and low cortisol and creatinine concentrations) indicating the highest disease burden. This high-risk cluster also reported the highest CM exposure. The current study demonstrates how biomarkers can be utilized to identify individuals with a high disease burden and thus, may help to target these high-risk individuals with tailored prevention/intervention, towards personalized medicine. Furthermore, our findings raise the question whether the found biochemical clusters have predictive character, as a tool to identify high-risk individuals enabling targeted prevention. The finding that CM was mostly prevalent in the high-risk cluster provides first hints that the clusters could indeed have predictive character and highlight CM as a central disease susceptibility factor and possibly as a leverage point for disease prevention/intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bertele
- Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA.,Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Karabatsiakis
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology-II, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Buss
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Development, Health and Disease Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Anat Talmon
- Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
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The Influence of Obesity on Care of Adults with Cardiovascular Disease. Nurs Clin North Am 2021; 56:511-525. [PMID: 34749891 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a strong independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. In this article, we briefly review the physiologic effects of obesity on the cardiovascular system, discuss how obesity influences history taking, physical assessment, diagnostic testing, and treatment of patients with common cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and chronic heart failure. Implications for nursing practice will be shared with a focus on lifestyle modifications to be included in patient education.
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Chiriacò M, Tricò D, Leonetti S, Petrie JR, Balkau B, Højlund K, Pataky Z, Nilsson PM, Natali A. Female Sex and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism Amplify the Effects of Adiposity on Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2021; 79:36-46. [PMID: 34689596 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiological link between adiposity and blood pressure is not completely understood, and evidence suggests an influence of sex and genetic determinants. We aimed to identify the relationship between adiposity and blood pressure, independent of a robust set of lifestyle and metabolic factors, and to examine the modulating role of sex and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms. In the Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease (RISC) study cohort, 1211 normotensive individuals, aged 30 to 60 years and followed-up after 3.3 years, were characterized for lifestyle and metabolic factors, body composition, and ACE genotype. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were independently associated with mean arterial pressure, with a stronger relationship in women than men (BMI: r=0.40 versus 0.30; WC: r=0.40 versus 0.30, both P<0.01) and in individuals with the ID and II ACE genotypes in both sexes (P<0.01). The associations of BMI and WC with mean arterial pressure were independent of age, sex, lifestyle, and metabolic variables (standardized regression coefficient=0.17 and 0.18 for BMI and WC, respectively) and showed a significant interaction with the ACE genotype only in women (P=0.03). A 5 cm larger WC at baseline increased the risk of developing hypertension at follow-up only in women (odds ratio, 1.56 [95% CI, 1.15-2.10], P=0.004) and in II genotype carriers (odds ratio, 1.87 [95% CI, 1.09-3.20], P=0.023). The hypertensive effect of adiposity is more pronounced in women and in people carrying the II variant of the ACE genotype, a marker of salt sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Chiriacò
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy. (M.C., D.T., S.L., A.N.)
| | - Domenico Tricò
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy. (M.C., D.T., S.L., A.N.).,Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy. (D.T.)
| | - Simone Leonetti
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy. (M.C., D.T., S.L., A.N.)
| | - John R Petrie
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.R.P.)
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Clinical Epidemiology, CESP, University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, University Paris-Sud, Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France (B.B.)
| | - Kurt Højlund
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Denmark (K.H.)
| | - Zoltan Pataky
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, WHO Collaborating Centre, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Switzerland (Z.P.)
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (P.M.N.)
| | - Andrea Natali
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy. (M.C., D.T., S.L., A.N.)
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Exercise in an Overweight Patient with Covid-19: A Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115882. [PMID: 34070847 PMCID: PMC8199307 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a dangerous infectious disease that is easily transmitted and which is called an acute respiratory syndrome. With the spread of the coronavirus around the world and its epidemic among humans, we are losing many humans. The long process of treatment in hospitalized patients who are receiving intensive care and medication is associated with physical weakness. It has been suggested that lifelong exercise can create a safe margin for a person that allows them to avoid becoming infected with the virus. The current study was conducted to assess the effects of low-intensity exercise and breathing exercises on cardiorespiratory responses and physical status in an overweight 20-year-old woman infected with COVID-19. The patient was referred to Hazrat Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Rafsanjan. The patient had initial symptoms of coronavirus including weakness, shortness of breath, fever, and chills, and the initial tests confirmed that the person was infected with the coronavirus. Although COVID-19 reduces respiration and blood oxygen and severely reduces movement and physical activity, low-intensity rehabilitation and breathing exercises along with medication can improve blood oxygen status, resting heart rate, blood pressure, and hand power status in patients and possibly speeding up the healing process. The results of the present study show that low-intensity exercise and breathing exercises in patients with COVID-19, whose disease severity is mild to moderate, can be performed safely under the supervision of their physicians to prevent the disease process.
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Sun F, Zhou X, Li Q, Li Y, Zhang H, Yan Z, He H, Zhao Z, Ke Z, Gao Y, Li F, Tong W, Zhu Z. Achieving blood pressure targets and antihypertensive effects through metabolic surgery in type 2 diabetes patients with hypertension. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2021; 37:e3422. [PMID: 33197293 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The effect of metabolic surgery compared with that of conventional therapy on target blood pressure (BP)and defined daily dose (DDD) of antihypertensive drugs in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with hypertension remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the differences in target BP and DDD between metabolic surgery and conventional treatment in T2DM patients with hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective study of 535 diabetes patients who underwent metabolic surgery (n = 112) and medical treatment (n = 423). Changes in the target BP from baseline to every follow-up were analysed. RESULTS Metabolic surgery decreased both office systolic and diastolic BP (DBP) and also significantly reduced ambulatory systolic BP (SBP; 132 ± 2 vs. 119 ± 1 mmHg, p < 0.0001), but not DBP (78 ± 1 vs. 76 ± 1 mmHg, p = 0.177). Patients maintained their SBP at <120 mmHg after 2 years (50% vs. 1.9%, p < 0.0001). Moreover, the rate of achieving the target SBP of 130 and 140 mmHg was also significantly higher in the surgery group, and this started from the initial 6 months after commencing treatment to the end of follow-up. The dosage (DDD: 1.44 ± 0.65 vs. 0.32 ± 0.05, p < 0.001) of antihypertensive medication was significantly decreased after metabolic surgery. Furthermore, metabolic surgery, but not medical treatment, markedly improved the risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic surgery can effectively achieve the BP target and reduce the usage of antihypertensive medications as well as improve multiple metabolic dysfunction in T2DM patients with hypertension. This study provides an alternative approach to antagonize the metabolic related hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Sun
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Xunmei Zhou
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingsha Li
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Hexuan Zhang
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhencheng Yan
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbo He
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Ke
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Weidong Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University of PLA, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
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Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Jiang P, Zhou G, Li Z, Yang J, Li X. Potential mechanisms of Guizhi decoction against hypertension based on network pharmacology and Dahl salt-sensitive rat model. Chin Med 2021; 16:34. [PMID: 33906674 PMCID: PMC8077739 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Guizhi decoction (GZD), a classical Chinese herbal formula, has been widely used to treat hypertension, but its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The present study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms and therapeutic effects of GZD on hypertension by integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation. Methods The active ingredients and corresponding targets were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The targets related to hypertension were identified from the CTD, GeneCards, OMIM and Drugbank databases. Multiple networks were constructed to identify the key compounds, hub targets, and main biological processes and pathways of GZD against hypertension. The Surflex-Dock software was used to validate the binding affinity between key targets and their corresponding active compounds. The Dahl salt-sensitive rat model was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of GZD against hypertension. Results A total of 112 active ingredients, 222 targets of GZD and 341 hypertension-related targets were obtained. Furthermore, 56 overlapping targets were identified, five of which were determined as the hub targets for experimental verification, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), C–C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9. Pathway enrichment analysis results indicated that 56 overlapping targets were mainly enriched in several inflammation pathways such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed that most active compounds of GZD could bind tightly to the key targets. Experimental studies revealed that the administration of GZD improved blood pressure, reduced the area of cardiac fibrosis, and inhibited the expression of IL-6, CCL2, IL-1β, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in rats. Conclusion The potential mechanisms and therapeutic effects of GZD on hypertension may be attributed to the regulation of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-021-00446-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiye Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yongjian Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yongcheng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Guofeng Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zhaoyu Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China.
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Factors Related to Blood Pressure Response after Community-Based Exercise Program in the Elderly Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063149. [PMID: 33803874 PMCID: PMC8003188 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Exercise has been recommended for blood pressure (BP) control, but not every individual can improve BP and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease effectively by exercise. This study aimed to evaluate the BP response after 12-week exercise intervention and then identify the potential factors of responders on BP (R-BP) control. This was a retrospective cohort study from a project of Taipei City Government. Subjects completed the original program were included for further analysis. Sociodemographic factors, health-related behaviors, and cardiovascular risks were extracted as potential factors. The results were categorized into R-BP control, i.e., BP under optimal level (systolic BP (SBP) < 140 mmHg; and diastolic BP (DBP) < 90 mmHg) or a significant BP reduction (SBP ↓10 mmHg or DBP ↓5 mmHg) after intervention, or non-responder on BP control, i.e., subjects who failed to achieve the targets. There were 81.62% R-BP subjects. R-BP showed lower SBP and lower risk of hypertension at baseline. Active lifestyle could quadruple the number of R-BP. Higher educational level or more prescription medications were likely to be R-BP in subjects with diagnosed hypertension. Active lifestyle combined with exercise could benefit R-BP in the elderly population. Health-related factors also need to be considered for BP control.
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Simoes E, Correia-Lima J, Calfat ELDB, Otani TZDS, Vasques DAC, Otani VHO, Bertolazzi P, Kochi C, Seelaender M, Uchida RR. Sex-Dependent Dyslipidemia and Neuro-Humoral Alterations Leading to Further Cardiovascular Risk in Juvenile Obesity. Front Nutr 2021; 7:613301. [PMID: 33644105 PMCID: PMC7906975 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.613301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Childhood obesity is a growing concern as the World Health Organization (WHO) states that ~10% of adolescents worldwide are overweight or obese. This condition is the reflex of energy imbalance between the calories consumed and those expended. Sex-related responses associated with dyslipidemia, hormonal alterations, and neuro-humoral disruptions in childhood obesity are the focus of the present investigation. Methods: Ninety-two Brazilian adolescents were enrolled and divided between obese and eutrophic groups. Obesity was assessed using body mass index Z-score according to age and weight. Anthropometrical analyses, blood pressure, blood lipids, metabolism-regulating hormones, and neuropeptides were carried out. Results: Systolic blood pressure was higher in female and male patients with obesity. Obese females presented alterations in lipid profile and an augment of cardiovascular disease prediction ratios TC/HDL, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL, and VLDL/HDL. The levels of leptin, GIP, and neuropeptide showed sex-dimorphism in obesity. The obese adolescents presented increased levels of circulating insulin, c-peptide, amylin, glucagon, and GLP-1. Correlation analysis showed significant linearity between body mass index, blood pressure, lipids, lipoproteins, hormones, and neuropeptides content. Conclusions: Our data support an existing link associating hypertension, dyslipidemia, and neuro-hormonal imbalance in childhood obesity. We also described a sex-dependent pattern in childhood obesity-associated dyslipidemia and blood pressure in female patients with obesity solely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Simoes
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joanna Correia-Lima
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Pamela Bertolazzi
- Mental Health Department, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Kochi
- Physiology Department, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilia Seelaender
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratórios de Inventigação Médica 26, Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Riyoiti Uchida
- Mental Health Department, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
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Association of Ang-(1–7) and des-Arg9BK as new biomarkers of obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:969-977. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Crouch SH, Botha-Le Roux S, Delles C, Graham LA, Schutte AE. Inflammation and hypertension development: A longitudinal analysis of the African-PREDICT study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL CARDIOLOGY HYPERTENSION 2020; 7:100067. [PMID: 33392493 PMCID: PMC7768897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The role of inflammation in the development of hypertension remains incompletely understood. While single inflammatory mediators have been shown to associate with changes in blood pressure (ΔBP), the role of clusters of inflammatory mediators has been less comprehensively explored. We therefore determined whether individual or clusters of inflammatory mediators from a large biomarker panel were associated with ΔBP over 4.5 years, in young healthy adults. Methods We included 358 adults (white, n = 156; black, n = 202) with detailed information on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) at baseline and follow-up. Baseline blood samples were analysed for 22 inflammatory mediators using multiplexing technology. Principal component analysis was used to study associations between clusters of inflammatory mediators and ΔBP. Results In the total cohort in multivariable-adjusted regression analyses, percentage change in 24hr systolic BP associated positively with Factors 1 (Interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-23, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, TNF-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)) and 2 (IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13). Change in daytime systolic BP associated positively with Factors 1, 2 and 3 (C-Reactive protein, IL-1β, IL-2, MIP-3α). Subgroup analysis found these findings were limited to white study participants. Numerous associations were present between individual inflammatory mediators (Interferon-gamma, GM-CSF, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-23, MIP-1α and MIP-1β) and ΔBP in the white but not black subgroups. Conclusion We found independent relationships between numerous inflammatory mediators (individual and clusters) and ΔBP over 4.5 years. The relationship between inflammatory markers and ΔBP was only found in white participants. ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03292094)..
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone H. Crouch
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Shani Botha-Le Roux
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit: Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Christian Delles
- The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley A. Graham
- The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Aletta E. Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit: Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales; The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
- Corresponding author. School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Koszewicz M, Jaroch J, Brzecka A, Ejma M, Budrewicz S, Mikhaleva LM, Muresanu C, Schield P, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Avila-Rodriguez M, Aliev G. Dysbiosis is one of the risk factor for stroke and cognitive impairment and potential target for treatment. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105277. [PMID: 33166735 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
More than 50 million people have various forms of cognitive impairment basically caused by neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cerebrovascular diseases as well as stroke. Often these conditions coexist and exacerbate one another. The damaged area in post-stroke dementia may lead to neurodegenerative lesions. Gut microbiome functions like an endocrine organ by generating bioactive metabolites that can directly or indirectly impact human physiology. An alteration in the composition and function of intestinal flora, i.e. gut dysbiosis, is implicated in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. Additionally, gut dysbiosis may accelerate the progression of cognitive impairment. Dysbiosis may result from obesity; metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and sleep disorders, Lack of physical activity is associated with dysbiosis as well. These may coexist in various patterns in older people, enhancing the risk, incidence, and progression of cerebrovascular lesions, neurodegenerative disorders, and cognitive impairment, creating a vicious circle. Recently, it has been reported that several metabolites produced by gut microbiota (e.g., trimethylamine/trimethylamine N-oxide, short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids) may be linked to neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. New treatment modalities, including prebiotic and probiotics, may normalize the gut microbiota composition, change the brain-gut barrier, and decrease the risk of the pathology development. Fecal microbiota transplantation, sometimes in combination with other methods, is used for remodeling and replenishing the symbiotic gut microbiome. This promising field of research is associated with basic findings of bidirectional communication between body organs and gut microbiota that creates new possibilities of pharmacological treatments of many clinical conditions. The authors present the role of gut microbiota in physiology, and the novel therapeutic targets in modulation of intestinal microbiota Personalized therapies based on their personal genome make up could offer benefits by modulating microbiota cross-talk with brain and cardiovascular system. A healthy lifestyle, including pre and probiotic nutrition is generally recommended. Prevention may also be enhanced by correcting gut dysbiosis resulting a reduced risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment including dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Koszewicz
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Borowska 213, Poland
| | - Joanna Jaroch
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wrocław, Bartla 5, Poland; Department of Cardiology, Lower Silesian Specialist Hospital, Fieldorfa 2, 54-049 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Brzecka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53-439, Wroclaw, Grabiszynska 105, Poland
| | - Maria Ejma
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Borowska 213, Poland
| | - Slawomir Budrewicz
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Borowska 213, Poland
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «Research Institute of Human Morphology», 3, Tsyurupy Str., Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation
| | - Cristian Muresanu
- Research Center for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapies, Str. Trifoiului nr. 12 G, 400478, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Pamela Schield
- School of Education & Athletics, Salem University, Salem, WV 26426, United States
| | | | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA
| | - Marco Avila-Rodriguez
- Health Sciences Faculty, Clinic Sciences Department, University of Tolima, 730006 Ibague, Colombia
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «Research Institute of Human Morphology», 3, Tsyurupy Str., Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russia; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia; GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Hypertension: the Effect of Metabolic Syndrome and Antihypertensive Treatment. Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:8563135. [PMID: 33123219 PMCID: PMC7582062 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8563135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of factors which, collectively, increase cardiovascular risk to a greater extent than each of them separately. Previous studies showed high cardiovascular risk to be associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of antihypertensive treatment on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with hypertension (HTN), depending on cooccurrence of MetS. 118 patients with uncontrolled HTN were enrolled to the study. HRV was compared among patients with and without MetS (MetS [+], n = 70) at baseline and following 12 months antihypertensive treatment. The HRV indices measured from RR intervals recorded form using 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography. The measured HRV domains were the standard deviation of the average of NN intervals [SDNN], square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent NN intervals [rMSSD], percentage of NN50 [pNN50], low frequency [LF], high frequency [HF], total power of variance of all NN intervals [TP], and LF/HF ratio. Baseline parameters: SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50, and HF were significantly lower in the MetS[+] compared to the MetS[-] subgroup (p < 0.05). After a 12-month antihypertensive treatment, MetS[+] patients achieved a significant improvement in parameters: SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50, and TP (p < 0.05), while the changes in HRV observed in the MetS[-] subgroup were not statistically significant. The cooccurrence of HTN and other components of MetS is associated with disturbances of the autonomic balance. HTN control has a beneficial effect on HRV, with the effect being more evident in patients with MetS.
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Rupasinghe HV. Special Issue "Flavonoids and Their Disease Prevention and Treatment Potential": Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2020; 25:E4746. [PMID: 33081132 PMCID: PMC7587571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the interest in flavonoids as dietary bioactives to prevent human diseases, as well as their candidacy as pharmaceutical leads, has exponentially expanded [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- H.P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; ; Tel.: +1-902-893-6623
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin shares a limited physiological concentration range with other endocrine hormones. Not only too low, but also too high systemic insulin levels are detrimental for body functions. MAIN BODY The physiological function and clinical relevance of insulin are usually seen in association with its role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. However, insulin is an anabolic hormone which stimulates a large number of cellular responses. Not only too low, but also excess insulin concentrations are detrimental to the physiological balance. Although the glucoregulatory activity of insulin is mitigated during hyperinsulinemia by dampening the efficiency of insulin signaling ("insulin resistance"), this is not the case for most other hormonal actions of insulin, including the promotion of protein synthesis, de novo lipogenesis, and cell proliferation; the inhibition of lipolysis, of autophagy-dependent cellular turnover, and of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)-dependent antioxidative; and other defense mechanisms. Hence, there is no general insulin resistance but selective impairment of insulin signaling which causes less glucose uptake from the blood and reduced activation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Because of the largely unrestricted insulin signaling, hyperinsulinemia increases the risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease and decreases health span and life expectancy. In epidemiological studies, high-dose insulin therapy is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Randomized controlled trials of insulin treatment did not observe any effect on disease risk, but these trials only studied low insulin doses up to 40 IU/day. Proof for a causal link between elevated insulin levels and cardiovascular disease risk comes from Mendelian randomization studies comparing individuals with genetically controlled low or high insulin production. CONCLUSIONS The detrimental actions of prolonged high insulin concentrations, seen also in cell culture, argue in favor of a lifestyle that limits circadian insulin levels. The health risks associated with hyperinsulinemia may have implications for treatment regimens used in type 2 diabetes.
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Recent advances in the management of secondary hypertension—obstructive sleep apnea. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1338-1343. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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