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Dorogan M, Namballa HK, Harding WW. Natural Product-Inspired Dopamine Receptor Ligands. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39038276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Due to their evolutionary bias as ligands for biologically relevant drug targets, natural products offer a unique opportunity as lead compounds in drug discovery. Given the involvement of dopamine receptors in various physiological and behavioral functions, they are linked to numerous diseases and disorders such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and substance use disorders. Consequently, ligands targeting dopamine receptors hold considerable therapeutic and investigative promise. As this perspective will highlight, dopamine receptor targeting natural products play a pivotal role as scaffolds with unique and beneficial pharmacological properties, allowing for natural product-inspired drug design and lead optimization. As such, dopamine receptor targeting natural products still have untapped potential to aid in the treatment of disorders and diseases related to central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dorogan
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Hari K Namballa
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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2
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Millett M, Heuberger A, Martin Castosa E, Comite A, Wagner P, Hall D, Gallardo I, Chambers NE, Wagner L, Reinhardt J, Moehle MS. Neuron specific quantitation of Gα olf expression and signaling in murine brain tissue. Brain Res 2024; 1842:149105. [PMID: 38960060 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The heterotrimeric G-protein α subunit, Gαolf, acts to transduce extracellular signals through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and stimulates adenylyl cyclase mediated production of the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Numerous mutations in the GNAL gene, which encodes Gαolf, have been identified as causative for an adult-onset dystonia. These mutations disrupt GPCR signaling cascades in in vitro assays through several mechanisms, and this disrupted signaling is hypothesized to lead to dystonic motor symptoms in patients. However, the cells and circuits that mutations in GNAL corrupt are not well understood. Published patterns of Gαolf expression outside the context of the striatum are sparse, conflicting, often lack cell type specificity, and may be confounded by expression of the close GNAL homolog of GNAS. Here, we use RNAScope in-situ hybridization to quantitatively characterize Gnal mRNA expression in brain tissue from wildtype C57BL/6J adult mice. We observed widespread expression of Gnal puncta throughout the brain, suggesting Gαolf is expressed in more brain structures and neuron types than previously accounted for. We quantify transcripts at a single cell level, and use neuron type specific markers to further classify and understand patterns of GNAL expression. Our data suggests that brain regions classically associated with motor control, initiation, and regulation show the highest expression of GNAL, with Purkinje Cells of the cerebellum showing the highest expression of any neuron type examined. Subsequent conditional Gnal knockout in Purkinje cells led to markedly decreased intracellular cAMP levels and downstream cAMP-dependent enzyme activation. Our work provides a detailed characterization of Gnal expression throughout the brain and the biochemical consequences of loss of Gαolf signaling in vivo in neurons that highly express Gnal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Millett
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Anika Heuberger
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Elisabeth Martin Castosa
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Allison Comite
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Preston Wagner
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Dominic Hall
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Ignacio Gallardo
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Nicole E Chambers
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Lloyd Wagner
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Jessica Reinhardt
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Mark S Moehle
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegeneration, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
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3
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Jia F, Yang L, Sun L, Yu D, Song Y, Wang Y, Kipper MJ, Tang J, Huang L. Efficient separation of dyes using two-dimensional heterogeneous composite membranes. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 247:120693. [PMID: 37976627 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials are widely used in membrane separation, but the loose distribution and severe expansion between graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets limit its application. Here, we introduce a two-dimensional MOF material into the GO membrane to enhance its water permeance and separation performance. The MOF/GO composite membrane was prepared by vacuum filtration. The MOF and GO nanosheets were tightly stacked through the π-π effect, and the shortened transmission path and enhanced pore structure greatly improved the water permeance of the composite membrane. The MOF/GO membrane exhibited a high water permeance of 56.94 L m-2 h-1 bar-1. The rejection rates of methylene blue and was as methyl orange dyes were as high as 99.79% and 99.11%, respectively. At increased dye concentration, the rejection rate of methylene blue was still maintained greater than 99%. Dye rejection after 18 h of continuous operation remains above 90%. This work provides new ideas for improving membrane separation materials. The combination of two-dimensional heterogeneous materials can result in synergistic advantages for the development of composite membranes with high water permeance and high rejection rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchun Jia
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Liyue Sun
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Dehao Yu
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yu Song
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Matt J Kipper
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Linjun Huang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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4
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Andreska T, Lüningschrör P, Wolf D, McFleder RL, Ayon-Olivas M, Rattka M, Drechsler C, Perschin V, Blum R, Aufmkolk S, Granado N, Moratalla R, Sauer M, Monoranu C, Volkmann J, Ip CW, Stigloher C, Sendtner M. DRD1 signaling modulates TrkB turnover and BDNF sensitivity in direct pathway striatal medium spiny neurons. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112575. [PMID: 37252844 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbed motor control is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Cortico-striatal synapses play a central role in motor learning and adaption, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) from cortico-striatal afferents modulates their plasticity via TrkB in striatal medium spiny projection neurons (SPNs). We studied the role of dopamine in modulating the sensitivity of direct pathway SPNs (dSPNs) to BDNF in cultures of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-enriched D1-expressing SPNs and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated rats. DRD1 activation causes enhanced TrkB translocation to the cell surface and increased sensitivity for BDNF. In contrast, dopamine depletion in cultured dSPN neurons, 6-OHDA-treated rats, and postmortem brain of patients with PD reduces BDNF responsiveness and causes formation of intracellular TrkB clusters. These clusters associate with sortilin related VPS10 domain containing receptor 2 (SORCS-2) in multivesicular-like structures, which apparently protects them from lysosomal degradation. Thus, impaired TrkB processing might contribute to disturbed motor function in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Andreska
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lüningschrör
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Rhonda L McFleder
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Maurilyn Ayon-Olivas
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marta Rattka
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christine Drechsler
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Perschin
- Imaging Core Facility of the Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Aufmkolk
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Noelia Granado
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Camelia Monoranu
- Department for Neuropathology, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Volkmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Chi Wang Ip
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Stigloher
- Imaging Core Facility of the Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Sendtner
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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5
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Noradrenaline activation of hippocampal dopamine D 1 receptors promotes antidepressant effects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2117903119. [PMID: 35939697 PMCID: PMC9388128 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117903119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) are essential for antidepressant effects. However, the midbrain dopaminergic neurons, the major source of dopamine in the brain, only sparsely project to DG, suggesting possible activation of DG D1Rs by endogenous substances other than dopamine. We have examined this possibility using electrophysiological and biochemical techniques and found robust activation of D1Rs in mouse DG neurons by noradrenaline. Noradrenaline at the micromolar range potentiated synaptic transmission at the DG output and increased the phosphorylation of protein kinase A substrates in DG via activation of D1Rs and β adrenergic receptors. Neuronal excitation preferentially enhanced noradrenaline-induced synaptic potentiation mediated by D1Rs with minor effects on β-receptor-dependent potentiation. Increased voluntary exercise by wheel running also enhanced noradrenaline-induced, D1R-mediated synaptic potentiation, suggesting a distinct functional role of the noradrenaline-D1R signaling. We then examined the role of this signaling in antidepressant effects using mice exposed to chronic restraint stress. In the stressed mice, an antidepressant acting on the noradrenergic system induced a mature-to-immature change in the DG neuron phenotype, a previously proposed cellular substrate for antidepressant action. This effect was evident only in mice subjected to wheel running and blocked by a D1R antagonist. These results suggest a critical role of noradrenaline-induced activation of D1Rs in antidepressant effects in DG. Experience-dependent regulation of noradrenaline-D1R signaling may determine responsiveness to antidepressant drugs in depressive disorders.
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Wall MJ, Hill E, Huckstepp R, Barkan K, Deganutti G, Leuenberger M, Preti B, Winfield I, Carvalho S, Suchankova A, Wei H, Safitri D, Huang X, Imlach W, La Mache C, Dean E, Hume C, Hayward S, Oliver J, Zhao FY, Spanswick D, Reynolds CA, Lochner M, Ladds G, Frenguelli BG. Selective activation of Gαob by an adenosine A 1 receptor agonist elicits analgesia without cardiorespiratory depression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4150. [PMID: 35851064 PMCID: PMC9293909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of therapeutic agonists for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is hampered by the propensity of GPCRs to couple to multiple intracellular signalling pathways. This promiscuous coupling leads to numerous downstream cellular effects, some of which are therapeutically undesirable. This is especially the case for adenosine A1 receptors (A1Rs) whose clinical potential is undermined by the sedation and cardiorespiratory depression caused by conventional agonists. We have discovered that the A1R-selective agonist, benzyloxy-cyclopentyladenosine (BnOCPA), is a potent and powerful analgesic but does not cause sedation, bradycardia, hypotension or respiratory depression. This unprecedented discrimination between native A1Rs arises from BnOCPA's unique and exquisitely selective activation of Gob among the six Gαi/o subtypes, and in the absence of β-arrestin recruitment. BnOCPA thus demonstrates a highly-specific Gα-selective activation of the native A1R, sheds new light on GPCR signalling, and reveals new possibilities for the development of novel therapeutics based on the far-reaching concept of selective Gα agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Wall
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Emily Hill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Robert Huckstepp
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Kerry Barkan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Giuseppe Deganutti
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences (CSELS), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Michele Leuenberger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Preti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ian Winfield
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Sabrina Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Anna Suchankova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | | | - Dewi Safitri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Xianglin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Wendy Imlach
- Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Circe La Mache
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Eve Dean
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Cherise Hume
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Stephanie Hayward
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Jess Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - David Spanswick
- NeuroSolutions Ltd, Coventry, UK
- Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Christopher A Reynolds
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences (CSELS), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Martin Lochner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Graham Ladds
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.
| | - Bruno G Frenguelli
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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7
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Bigdai EV, Samoilov VO. Role of Neurotransmitters in the Functioning of Olfactory Sensory Neurons. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022030206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Hanson J. [G proteins: privileged transducers of 7-transmembrane spanning receptors]. Biol Aujourdhui 2022; 215:95-106. [PMID: 35275054 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2021011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors or GPCR are the most abundant membrane receptors in our genome with around 800 members. They play an essential role in most physiological and pathophysiological phenomena. In addition, they constitute 30% of the targets of currently marketed drugs and remain an important reservoir for new innovative therapies. Their main effectors are heterotrimeric G proteins. These are composed of 3 subunits, α, β and γ, which, upon coupling with a GPCR, dissociate into Gα and Gβγ to activate numerous signaling pathways. This article describes some of the recent advances in understanding the function and role of heterotrimeric G proteins. After a short introduction to GPCRs, the history of the discovery of G proteins is briefly described. Then, the fundamental mechanisms of activation, signaling and regulation of G proteins are reviewed. New paradigms concerning intracellular signaling, specific recognition of G proteins by GPCRs as well as biased signaling are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Hanson
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Moléculaire, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, Université de Liège, CHU, B34, Tour GIGA (+4), Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, B-4000 Liège, Belgique
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9
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Ferré S, Ciruela F, Dessauer CW, González-Maeso J, Hébert TE, Jockers R, Logothetis DE, Pardo L. G protein-coupled receptor-effector macromolecular membrane assemblies (GEMMAs). Pharmacol Ther 2022; 231:107977. [PMID: 34480967 PMCID: PMC9375844 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest group of receptors involved in cellular signaling across the plasma membrane and a major class of drug targets. The canonical model for GPCR signaling involves three components - the GPCR, a heterotrimeric G protein and a proximal plasma membrane effector - that have been generally thought to be freely mobile molecules able to interact by 'collision coupling'. Here, we synthesize evidence that supports the existence of GPCR-effector macromolecular membrane assemblies (GEMMAs) comprised of specific GPCRs, G proteins, plasma membrane effector molecules and other associated transmembrane proteins that are pre-assembled prior to receptor activation by agonists, which then leads to subsequent rearrangement of the GEMMA components. The GEMMA concept offers an alternative and complementary model to the canonical collision-coupling model, allowing more efficient interactions between specific signaling components, as well as the integration of the concept of GPCR oligomerization as well as GPCR interactions with orphan receptors, truncated GPCRs and other membrane-localized GPCR-associated proteins. Collision-coupling and pre-assembled mechanisms are not exclusive and likely both operate in the cell, providing a spectrum of signaling modalities which explains the differential properties of a multitude of GPCRs in their different cellular environments. Here, we explore the unique pharmacological characteristics of individual GEMMAs, which could provide new opportunities to therapeutically modulate GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Addiction, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carmen W. Dessauer
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Terence E. Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Ralf Jockers
- University of Paris, Institute Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Diomedes E. Logothetis
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy at the Bouvé College of Health Sciences and College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonardo Pardo
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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10
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Jones-Tabah J, Mohammad H, Paulus EG, Clarke PBS, Hébert TE. The Signaling and Pharmacology of the Dopamine D1 Receptor. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:806618. [PMID: 35110997 PMCID: PMC8801442 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.806618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) is a Gαs/olf-coupled GPCR that is expressed in the midbrain and forebrain, regulating motor behavior, reward, motivational states, and cognitive processes. Although the D1R was initially identified as a promising drug target almost 40 years ago, the development of clinically useful ligands has until recently been hampered by a lack of suitable candidate molecules. The emergence of new non-catechol D1R agonists, biased agonists, and allosteric modulators has renewed clinical interest in drugs targeting this receptor, specifically for the treatment of motor impairment in Parkinson's Disease, and cognitive impairment in neuropsychiatric disorders. To develop better therapeutics, advances in ligand chemistry must be matched by an expanded understanding of D1R signaling across cell populations in the brain, and in disease states. Depending on the brain region, the D1R couples primarily to either Gαs or Gαolf through which it activates a cAMP/PKA-dependent signaling cascade that can regulate neuronal excitability, stimulate gene expression, and facilitate synaptic plasticity. However, like many GPCRs, the D1R can signal through multiple downstream pathways, and specific signaling signatures may differ between cell types or be altered in disease. To guide development of improved D1R ligands, it is important to understand how signaling unfolds in specific target cells, and how this signaling affects circuit function and behavior. In this review, we provide a summary of D1R-directed signaling in various neuronal populations and describe how specific pathways have been linked to physiological and behavioral outcomes. In addition, we address the current state of D1R drug development, including the pharmacology of newly developed non-catecholamine ligands, and discuss the potential utility of D1R-agonists in Parkinson's Disease and cognitive impairment.
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11
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Selective Manipulation of G-Protein γ 7 Subunit in Mice Provides New Insights into Striatal Control of Motor Behavior. J Neurosci 2021; 41:9065-9081. [PMID: 34544837 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1211-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulatory coupling of dopamine D1 (D1R) and adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) to adenylyl cyclase within the striatum is mediated through a specific Gαolfβ2γ7 heterotrimer to ultimately modulate motor behaviors. To dissect the individual roles of the Gαolfβ2γ7 heterotrimer in different populations of medium spiny neurons (MSNs), we produced and characterized conditional mouse models, in which the Gng7 gene was deleted in either the D1R- or A2AR/D2R-expressing MSNs. We show that conditional loss of γ7 disrupts the cell type-specific assembly of the Gαolfβ2γ7 heterotrimer, thereby identifying its circumscribed roles acting downstream of either the D1Rs or A2ARs in coordinating motor behaviors, including in vivo responses to psychostimulants. We reveal that Gαolfβ2γ7/cAMP signal in D1R-MSNs does not impact spontaneous and amphetamine-induced locomotor behaviors in male and female mice, while its loss in A2AR/D2R-MSNs results in a hyperlocomotor phenotype and enhanced locomotor response to amphetamine. Additionally, Gαolfβ2γ7/cAMP signal in either D1R- or A2AR/D2R-expressing MSNs is not required for the activation of PKA signaling by amphetamine. Finally, we show that Gαolfβ2γ7 signaling acting downstream of D1Rs is selectively implicated in the acute locomotor-enhancing effects of morphine. Collectively, these results support the general notion that receptors use specific Gαβγ proteins to direct the fidelity of downstream signaling pathways and to elicit a diverse repertoire of cellular functions. Specifically, these findings highlight the critical role for the γ7 protein in determining the cellular level, and hence, the function of the Gαolfβ2γ7 heterotrimer in several disease states associated with dysfunctional striatal signaling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Dysfunction or imbalance of cAMP signaling in the striatum has been linked to several neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, dystonia, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. By genetically targeting the γ7 subunit in distinct striatal neuronal subpopulations in mice, we demonstrate that the formation and function of the Gαolfβ2γ7 heterotrimer, which represents the rate-limiting step for cAMP production in the striatum, is selectively disrupted. Furthermore, we reveal cell type-specific roles for Gαolfβ2γ7-mediated cAMP production in the control of spontaneous locomotion as well as behavioral and molecular responses to psychostimulants. Our findings identify the γ7 protein as a novel therapeutic target for disease states associated with dysfunctional striatal cAMP signaling.
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12
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Interaction of clozapine with metformin in a schizophrenia rat model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16862. [PMID: 34413440 PMCID: PMC8376983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96478-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The low efficacy of antipsychotic drugs (e.g., clozapine) for negative symptoms and cognitive impairment has led to the introduction of adjuvant therapies. Because previous data suggest the procognitive potential of the antidiabetic drug metformin, this study aimed to assess the effects of chronic clozapine and metformin oral administration (alone and in combination) on locomotor and exploratory activities and cognitive function in a reward-based test in control and a schizophrenia-like animal model (Wisket rats). As impaired dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) function might play a role in the cognitive dysfunctions observed in patients with schizophrenia, the second goal of this study was to determine the brain-region-specific D1R-mediated signaling, ligand binding, and mRNA expression. None of the treatments affected the behavior of the control animals significantly; however, the combination treatment enhanced D1R binding and activation in the cerebral cortex. The Wisket rats exhibited impaired motivation, attention, and cognitive function, as well as a lower level of cortical D1R binding, signaling, and gene expression. Clozapine caused further deterioration of the behavioral parameters, without a significant effect on the D1R system. Metformin blunted the clozapine-induced impairments, and, similarly to that observed in the control animals, increased the functional activity of D1R. This study highlights the beneficial effects of metformin (at the behavioral and cellular levels) in blunting clozapine-induced adverse effects.
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13
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Donthamsetti P, Winter N, Hoagland A, Stanley C, Visel M, Lammel S, Trauner D, Isacoff E. Cell specific photoswitchable agonist for reversible control of endogenous dopamine receptors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4775. [PMID: 34362914 PMCID: PMC8346604 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine controls diverse behaviors and their dysregulation contributes to many disorders. Our ability to understand and manipulate the function of dopamine is limited by the heterogenous nature of dopaminergic projections, the diversity of neurons that are regulated by dopamine, the varying distribution of the five dopamine receptors (DARs), and the complex dynamics of dopamine release. In order to improve our ability to specifically modulate distinct DARs, here we develop a photo-pharmacological strategy using a Membrane anchored Photoswitchable orthogonal remotely tethered agonist for the Dopamine receptor (MP-D). Our design selectively targets D1R/D5R receptor subtypes, most potently D1R (MP-D1ago), as shown in HEK293T cells. In vivo, we targeted dorsal striatal medium spiny neurons where the photo-activation of MP-D1ago increased movement initiation, although further work is required to assess the effects of MP-D1ago on neuronal function. Our method combines ligand and cell type-specificity with temporally precise and reversible activation of D1R to control specific aspects of movement. Our results provide a template for analyzing dopamine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Donthamsetti
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Nils Winter
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XDepartment of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University, München, Germany
| | - Adam Hoagland
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Cherise Stanley
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Meike Visel
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Stephan Lammel
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Dirk Trauner
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York City, NY USA
| | - Ehud Isacoff
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA ,grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA ,grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
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14
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Heteromerization between α 2A adrenoceptors and different polymorphic variants of the dopamine D 4 receptor determines pharmacological and functional differences. Implications for impulsive-control disorders. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105745. [PMID: 34182128 PMCID: PMC9885860 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphic alleles of the human dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) have been consistently associated with individual differences in personality traits and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly between the gene encoding dopamine D4.7 receptor variant and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The α2A adrenoceptor gene has also been associated with ADHD. In fact, drugs targeting the α2A adrenoceptor (α2AR), such as guanfacine, are commonly used in ADHD treatment. In view of the involvement of dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) and α2AR in ADHD and impulsivity, their concurrent localization in cortical pyramidal neurons and the demonstrated ability of D4R to form functional heteromers with other G protein-coupled receptors, in this study we evaluate whether the α2AR forms functional heteromers with D4R and weather these heteromers show different properties depending on the D4R variant involved. Using cortical brain slices from hD4.7R knock-in and wild-type mice, here, we demonstrate that α2AR and D4R heteromerize and constitute a significant functional population of cortical α2AR and D4R. Moreover, in cortical slices from wild-type mice and in cells transfected with α2AR and D4.4R, we detect a negative crosstalk within the heteromer. This negative crosstalk is lost in cortex from hD4.7R knock-in mice and in cells expressing the D4.7R polymorphic variant. We also show a lack of efficacy of D4R ligands to promote G protein activation and signaling only within the α2AR-D4.7R heteromer. Taken together, our results suggest that α2AR-D4R heteromers play a pivotal role in catecholaminergic signaling in the brain cortex and are likely targets for ADHD pharmacotherapy.
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15
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Amani P, Habibpour R, Karami L, Hofmann A. Docking Screens of Noncovalent Interaction Motifs of the Human Subtype-D2 Receptor-75 Schizophrenia Antipsychotic Complexes with Physicochemical Appraisal of Antipsychotics. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2218-2232. [PMID: 34061513 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoinformatics appraisal and molecular docking were employed to investigate 225 complexes of 75 schizophrenia antipsychotics with the dopamine receptor subtypes D2R, D3R, and D4R. Considering the effective noncovalent interactions in the subtype-D2 receptor selectivity of antipsychotics, this study evaluated the possible physicochemical properties of ligands underlying the design of safer and more effective antipsychotics. The pan-assay interference compounds (PAINs) include about 25% of typical antipsychotics and 5% of atypicals. Popular antipsychotics like haloperidol, clozapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole are not PAINs. They have stronger interactions with D2R and D4R, but their interactions with D3R are slightly weaker, which is similar to the behavior of dopamine. In contrast to typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics exhibit more noncovalent interactions with D4R than with D2R. These results suggest that selectivity to D2R and D4R comes from the synergy between hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding interactions through their concomitant occurrence in the form of a hydrogen-bonding site adorned with hydrophobic contacts in antipsychotic-receptor complexes. All the antipsychotics had more synergic interactions with D2R and D4R in comparison with D3R. The atypical antipsychotics made a good distinction between the subtype D2 receptors with high selectivity to D4R. Among the popular antipsychotics, haloperidol, clozapine, and risperidone have hydrophobic-hydrogen-bonding synergy with D4R, while aripiprazole profits with D2R. The most important residue participating in the synergic interactions was threonine for D2R and cysteine for D4R. This work could be useful in informing and guiding future drug discovery and development studies aimed at receptor-specific antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Amani
- Department of Chemical Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran 3313193685, Iran
| | - Razieh Habibpour
- Department of Chemical Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran 3313193685, Iran
| | - Leila Karami
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Kharazmi University, Tehran 1571914911, Iran
| | - Andreas Hofmann
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
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16
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Ferré S, Guitart X, Quiroz C, Rea W, García-Malo C, Garcia-Borreguero D, Allen RP, Earley CJ. Akathisia and Restless Legs Syndrome: Solving the Dopaminergic Paradox. Sleep Med Clin 2021; 16:249-267. [PMID: 33985651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Akathisia is an urgent need to move that is associated with treatment with dopamine receptor blocking agents (DRBAs) and with restless legs syndrome (RLS). The pathogenetic mechanism of akathisia has not been resolved. This article proposes that it involves an increased presynaptic dopaminergic transmission in the ventral striatum and concomitant strong activation of postsynaptic dopamine D1 receptors, which form complexes (heteromers) with dopamine D3 and adenosine A1 receptors. It also proposes that in DRBA-induced akathisia, increased dopamine release depends on inactivation of autoreceptors, whereas in RLS it depends on a brain iron deficiency-induced down-regulation of striatal presynaptic A1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Xavier Guitart
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - César Quiroz
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - William Rea
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Celia García-Malo
- Sleep Research Institute, Paseo de la Habana 151, Madrid 28036, Spain
| | | | - Richard P Allen
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Christopher J Earley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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17
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Yang D, Zhou Q, Labroska V, Qin S, Darbalaei S, Wu Y, Yuliantie E, Xie L, Tao H, Cheng J, Liu Q, Zhao S, Shui W, Jiang Y, Wang MW. G protein-coupled receptors: structure- and function-based drug discovery. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:7. [PMID: 33414387 PMCID: PMC7790836 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00435-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most successful therapeutic target families, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have experienced a transformation from random ligand screening to knowledge-driven drug design. We are eye-witnessing tremendous progresses made recently in the understanding of their structure-function relationships that facilitated drug development at an unprecedented pace. This article intends to provide a comprehensive overview of this important field to a broader readership that shares some common interests in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Yang
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China.,The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingtong Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Viktorija Labroska
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Sanaz Darbalaei
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yiran Wu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Elita Yuliantie
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Linshan Xie
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Houchao Tao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Liu
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China.,The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Suwen Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqing Shui
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Jiang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China. .,The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China. .,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 201203, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Mailman RB, Yang Y, Huang X. D 1, not D 2, dopamine receptor activation dramatically improves MPTP-induced parkinsonism unresponsive to levodopa. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 892:173760. [PMID: 33279520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa is the standard-of-care for Parkinson's disease, but continued loss of dopamine neurons with disease progression decreases its bioconversion to dopamine, leading to increased side effects and decreased efficacy. In theory, dopamine agonists could equal levodopa, but no approved oral "dopamine agonist" matches the efficacy of levodopa. There are consistent data in both primate models and in Parkinson's disease showing that selective high intrinsic activity D1 agonists can equal levodopa in efficacy. There are, however, no data on whether such compounds would be effective in severe disease when levodopa efficacy is low or absent. We compared two approved antiparkinson drugs (levodopa and the D2/3 agonist bromocriptine) with the experimental selective D1 full agonist dihydrexidine in two severely parkinsonian MPTP-treated non-human primates. Bromocriptine caused no discernible improvement in parkinsonian signs, whereas levodopa caused a small transient improvement in one of the two subjects. Conversely, the full D1 agonist dihydrexidine caused a dramatic improvement in both subjects, decreasing parkinsonian signs by ca. 75%. No attenuation of dihydrexidine effects was observed when the two subjects were pretreated with the D2 antagonist remoxipride. These data provide evidence that selective D1 agonists may provide profound antiparkinson symptomatic relief even when the degree of nigrostriatal degeneration is so severe that current drugs are ineffective. Until effective disease-modifying therapies are discovered, high intrinsic activity D1 agonists may offer a major therapeutic advance in improving the quality of life, and potentially the longevity, of late stage Parkinson's patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Mailman
- Departments of Pharmacology and NeurologyPenn State University College of Medicine Hershey PA 17033, USA.
| | - Yang Yang
- Departments of Pharmacology and NeurologyPenn State University College of Medicine Hershey PA 17033, USA.
| | - Xuemei Huang
- Departments of Pharmacology and NeurologyPenn State University College of Medicine Hershey PA 17033, USA.
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19
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Martel JC, Gatti McArthur S. Dopamine Receptor Subtypes, Physiology and Pharmacology: New Ligands and Concepts in Schizophrenia. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1003. [PMID: 32765257 PMCID: PMC7379027 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine receptors are widely distributed within the brain where they play critical modulator roles on motor functions, motivation and drive, as well as cognition. The identification of five genes coding for different dopamine receptor subtypes, pharmacologically grouped as D1- (D1 and D5) or D2-like (D2S, D2L, D3, and D4) has allowed the demonstration of differential receptor function in specific neurocircuits. Recent observation on dopamine receptor signaling point at dopamine-glutamate-NMDA neurobiology as the most relevant in schizophrenia and for the development of new therapies. Progress in the chemistry of D1- and D2-like receptor ligands (agonists, antagonists, and partial agonists) has provided more selective compounds possibly able to target the dopamine receptors homo and heterodimers and address different schizophrenia symptoms. Moreover, an extensive evaluation of the functional effect of these agents on dopamine receptor coupling and intracellular signaling highlights important differences that could also result in highly differentiated clinical pharmacology. The review summarizes the recent advances in the field, addressing the relevance of emerging new targets in schizophrenia in particular in relation to the dopamine - glutamate NMDA systems interactions.
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20
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Kaya AI, Perry NA, Gurevich VV, Iverson TM. Phosphorylation barcode-dependent signal bias of the dopamine D1 receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14139-14149. [PMID: 32503917 PMCID: PMC7321966 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918736117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Agonist-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) must correctly select from hundreds of potential downstream signaling cascades and effectors. To accomplish this, GPCRs first bind to an intermediary signaling protein, such as G protein or arrestin. These intermediaries initiate signaling cascades that promote the activity of different effectors, including several protein kinases. The relative roles of G proteins versus arrestins in initiating and directing signaling is hotly debated, and it remains unclear how the correct final signaling pathway is chosen given the ready availability of protein partners. Here, we begin to deconvolute the process of signal bias from the dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) by exploring factors that promote the activation of ERK1/2 or Src, the kinases that lead to cell growth and proliferation. We found that ERK1/2 activation involves both arrestin and Gαs, while Src activation depends solely on arrestin. Interestingly, we found that the phosphorylation pattern influences both arrestin and Gαs coupling, suggesting an additional way the cells regulate G protein signaling. The phosphorylation sites in the D1R intracellular loop 3 are particularly important for directing the binding of G protein versus arrestin and for selecting between the activation of ERK1/2 and Src. Collectively, these studies correlate functional outcomes with a physical basis for signaling bias and provide fundamental information on how GPCR signaling is directed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali I Kaya
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Nicole A Perry
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | | | - T M Iverson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232;
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
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21
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de Pins B, Montalban E, Vanhoutte P, Giralt A, Girault JA. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2 modulates acute locomotor effects of cocaine in D1 receptor-expressing neurons of the nucleus accumbens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6619. [PMID: 32313025 PMCID: PMC7170924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The striatum is critical for cocaine-induced locomotor responses. Although the role of D1 receptor-expressing neurons is established, underlying molecular pathways are not fully understood. We studied the role of Pyk2, a non-receptor, calcium-dependent protein-tyrosine kinase. The locomotor coordination and basal activity of Pyk2 knock-out mice were not altered and major striatal protein markers were normal. Cocaine injection increased Pyk2 tyrosine phosphorylation in mouse striatum. Pyk2-deficient mice displayed decreased locomotor response to acute cocaine injection. In contrast, locomotor sensitization and conditioned place preference were normal. Cocaine-activated ERK phosphorylation, a signaling pathway essential for these late responses, was unaltered. Conditional deletion of Pyk2 in the nucleus accumbens or in D1 neurons reproduced decreased locomotor response to cocaine, whereas deletion of Pyk2 in the dorsal striatum or in A2A receptor-expressing neurons did not. In mice lacking Pyk2 in D1-neurons locomotor response to D1 agonist SKF-81297, but not to an anticholinergic drug, was blunted. Our results identify Pyk2 as a regulator of acute locomotor responses to psychostimulants. They highlight the role of tyrosine phosphorylation pathways in striatal neurons and suggest that changes in Pyk2 expression or activation may alter specific responses to drugs of abuse, or possibly other behavioral responses linked to dopamine action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit de Pins
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, 75005, France
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, 75005, France
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Enrica Montalban
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, 75005, France
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, 75005, France
- BFA - Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative - CNRS UMR 8251, Paris University, Paris, 75205, France
| | - Peter Vanhoutte
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1130, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Paris, 75005, France
- CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Albert Giralt
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, 75005, France
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, 75005, France
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Jean-Antoine Girault
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, 75005, France.
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris, 75005, France.
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, 75005, France.
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22
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Abstract
Striatal dopamine signaling is differentially regulated along the dorso-ventral axis, but how these differences are encoded by dopamine receptors is unknown. In this issue of Neuron, Marcott et al. (2018) show that dopamine activates D2 receptors in regionally distinct ways and dissect the underlying mechanisms behind striatal D2 heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Engeln
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Megan E Fox
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Kay Lobo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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23
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Seyedabadi M, Ghahremani MH, Albert PR. Biased signaling of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs): Molecular determinants of GPCR/transducer selectivity and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 200:148-178. [PMID: 31075355 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) convey signals across membranes via interaction with G proteins. Originally, an individual GPCR was thought to signal through one G protein family, comprising cognate G proteins that mediate canonical receptor signaling. However, several deviations from canonical signaling pathways for GPCRs have been described. It is now clear that GPCRs can engage with multiple G proteins and the line between cognate and non-cognate signaling is increasingly blurred. Furthermore, GPCRs couple to non-G protein transducers, including β-arrestins or other scaffold proteins, to initiate additional signaling cascades. Receptor/transducer selectivity is dictated by agonist-induced receptor conformations as well as by collateral factors. In particular, ligands stabilize distinct receptor conformations to preferentially activate certain pathways, designated 'biased signaling'. In this regard, receptor sequence alignment and mutagenesis have helped to identify key receptor domains for receptor/transducer specificity. Furthermore, molecular structures of GPCRs bound to different ligands or transducers have provided detailed insights into mechanisms of coupling selectivity. However, receptor dimerization, compartmentalization, and trafficking, receptor-transducer-effector stoichiometry, and ligand residence and exposure times can each affect GPCR coupling. Extrinsic factors including cell type or assay conditions can also influence receptor signaling. Understanding these factors may lead to the development of improved biased ligands with the potential to enhance therapeutic benefit, while minimizing adverse effects. In this review, evidence for ligand-specific GPCR signaling toward different transducers or pathways is elaborated. Furthermore, molecular determinants of biased signaling toward these pathways and relevant examples of the potential clinical benefits and pitfalls of biased ligands are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Seyedabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Education Development Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | - Paul R Albert
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Neuroscience, University of Ottawa, Canada.
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Biased G Protein-Independent Signaling of Dopamine D 1-D 3 Receptor Heteromers in the Nucleus Accumbens. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6756-6769. [PMID: 30919214 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1564-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Several studies found in vitro evidence for heteromerization of dopamine D1 receptors (D1R) and D3 receptors (D3R), and it has been postulated that functional D1R-D3R heteromers that are normally present in the ventral striatum mediate synergistic locomotor-activating effects of D1R and D3R agonists in rodents. Based also on results obtained in vitro, with mammalian transfected cells, it has been hypothesized that those behavioral effects depend on a D1R-D3R heteromer-mediated G protein-independent signaling. Here, we demonstrate the presence on D1R-D3R heteromers in the mouse ventral striatum by using a synthetic peptide that selectively destabilizes D1R-D3R heteromers. Parallel locomotor activity and ex vivo experiments in reserpinized mice and in vitro experiments in D1R-D3R mammalian transfected cells were performed to dissect the signaling mechanisms of D1R-D3R heteromers. Co-administration of D1R and D3R agonists in reserpinized mice produced synergistic locomotor activation and a selective synergistic AKT phosphorylation in the most ventromedial region of the striatum in the shell of the nucleus accumbens. Application of the destabilizing peptide in transfected cells and in the shell of the nucleus accumbens allowed demonstrating that both in vitro and in vivo co-activation of D3R induces a switch from G protein-dependent to G protein-independent D1R-mediated signaling determined by D1R-D3R heteromerization. The results therefore demonstrate that a biased G protein-independent signaling of D1R-D3R heteromers localized in the shell of the nucleus accumbens mediate the locomotor synergistic effects of D1R and D3R agonists in reserpinized mice.
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25
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Martini ML, Liu J, Ray C, Yu X, Huang XP, Urs A, Urs N, McCorvy JD, Caron MG, Roth BL, Jin J. Defining Structure-Functional Selectivity Relationships (SFSR) for a Class of Non-Catechol Dopamine D 1 Receptor Agonists. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3753-3772. [PMID: 30875219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are capable of downstream signaling through distinct noncanonical pathways such as β-arrestins in addition to the canonical G protein-dependent pathways. GPCR ligands that differentially activate the downstream signaling pathways are termed functionally selective or biased ligands. A class of novel non-catechol G protein-biased agonists of the dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) was recently disclosed. We conducted the first comprehensive structure-functional selectivity relationship study measuring GS and β-arrestin2 recruitment activities focused on four regions of this scaffold, resulting in over 50 analogs with diverse functional selectivity profiles. Some compounds became potent full agonists of β-arrestin2 recruitment, while others displayed enhanced GS bias compared to the starting compound. Pharmacokinetic testing of an analog with an altered functional selectivity profile demonstrated excellent blood-brain barrier penetration. This study provides novel tools for studying ligand bias at D1R and paves the way for developing the next generation of biased D1R ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Aarti Urs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - Nikhil Urs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Pharmacology and National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy , Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , Wisconsin 53226 , United States
| | | | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology and National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
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26
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Cai NS, Quiroz C, Bonaventura J, Bonifazi A, Cole TO, Purks J, Billing AS, Massey E, Wagner M, Wish ED, Guitart X, Rea W, Lam S, Moreno E, Casadó-Anguera V, Greenblatt AD, Jacobson AE, Rice KC, Casadó V, Newman AH, Winkelman JW, Michaelides M, Weintraub E, Volkow ND, Belcher AM, Ferré S. Opioid-galanin receptor heteromers mediate the dopaminergic effects of opioids. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2730-2744. [PMID: 30913037 DOI: 10.1172/jci126912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying non-addictive opioid medications is a high priority in medical sciences, but μ-opioid receptors mediate both the analgesic and addictive effects of opioids. We found a significant pharmacodynamic difference between morphine and methadone that is determined entirely by heteromerization of μ-opioid receptors with galanin Gal1 receptors, rendering a profound decrease in the potency of methadone. This was explained by methadone's weaker proficiency to activate the dopaminergic system as compared to morphine and predicted a dissociation of therapeutic versus euphoric effects of methadone, which was corroborated by a significantly lower incidence of self-report of "high" in methadone-maintained patients. These results suggest that μ-opioid-Gal1 receptor heteromers mediate the dopaminergic effects of opioids that may lead to a lower addictive liability of opioids with selective low potency for the μ-opioid-Gal1 receptor heteromer, exemplified by methadone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jordi Bonaventura
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, and
| | - Alessandro Bonifazi
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), Intramural Research Program (IRP), NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas O Cole
- Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Julia Purks
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy S Billing
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Ebonie Massey
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Wagner
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric D Wish
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Sherry Lam
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, and
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verònica Casadó-Anguera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aaron D Greenblatt
- Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Vicent Casadó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amy H Newman
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), Intramural Research Program (IRP), NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John W Winkelman
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Eric Weintraub
- Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Annabelle M Belcher
- Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Bonifazi A, Yano H, Guerrero AM, Kumar V, Hoffman AF, Lupica CR, Shi L, Newman AH. Novel and Potent Dopamine D 2 Receptor Go-Protein Biased Agonists. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2019; 2:52-65. [PMID: 30775693 PMCID: PMC6371206 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.8b00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
discovery of functionally biased and physiologically beneficial
ligands directed toward G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) has provided
the impetus to design dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) targeted molecules that may be therapeutically advantageous for
the treatment of certain neuropsychiatric or basal ganglia related
disorders. Here we describe the synthesis of a novel series of D2R agonists linking the D2R unbiased agonist sumanirole
with privileged secondary molecular fragments. The resulting ligands
demonstrate improved D2R affinity and selectivity over
sumanirole. Extensive in vitro functional studies
and bias factor analysis led to the identification of a novel class
of highly potent Go-protein biased full D2R agonists with
more than 10-fold and 1000-fold bias selectivity toward activation
of specific G-protein subtypes and β-arrestin, respectively.
Intracellular electrophysiological recordings from midbrain dopamine
neurons demonstrated that Go-protein selective agonists can elicit
prolonged ligand-induced GIRK activity via D2Rs, which
may be beneficial in the treatment of dyskinesias associated with
dopamine system dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bonifazi
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Hideaki Yano
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Unit, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Adrian M Guerrero
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Alexander F Hoffman
- Electrophysiology Research Section, Cellular Neurobiology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Carl R Lupica
- Electrophysiology Research Section, Cellular Neurobiology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Lei Shi
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Unit, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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28
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Baron J, Bilbao A, Hörtnagl H, Birnbaumer L, Leixner S, Spanagel R, Ahnert-Hilger G, Brunk I. Balance of Go1α and Go2α expression regulates motor function via the striatal dopaminergic system. J Neurochem 2018; 146:374-389. [PMID: 29747224 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The heterotrimeric G-protein Go with its splice variants, Go1α and Go2α, seems to be involved in the regulation of motor function but isoform-specific effects are still unclear. We found that Go1α-/- knockouts performed worse on the rota-rod than Go2α-/- and wild-type (WT) mice. In Go1+2α-/- mice motor function was partially recovered. Furthermore, Go1+2α-/- mice showed an increased spontaneous motor activity. Compared to wild types or Go2α-/- mice, Go1+2α-/- mice developed increased behavioural sensitization following repetitive cocaine treatment, but failed to develop conditioned place preference. Analysis of dopamine concentration and expression of D1 and D2 receptors unravelled splice-variant-specific imbalances in the striatal dopaminergic system: In Go1α-/- mice dopamine concentration and vesicular monoamine uptake were increased compared to wild types. The expression of the D2 receptor was higher in Go1α-/- compared to wild type littermates, but unchanged in Go2α-/- mice. Deletion of both Go1α and Go2α re-established both dopamine and D2 receptor levels comparable to those in the wild-type. Cocaine treatment had no effect on the ratio of D1 receptor to D2 receptor in Go1+2α-/- mutants, but decreased this ratio in Go2α-/- mice. Finally, we observed that the deletion of Go1α led to a threefold higher striatal expression of Go2α. Taken together our data suggest that a balance in the expression of Go1α and Go2α sustains normal motor function. Deletion of either splice variant results in divergent behavioural and molecular alterations in the striatal dopaminergic system. Deletion of both splice variants partially restores the behavioural and molecular changes. Open Data: Materials are available on https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/ https://osf.io/93n6m/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Baron
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ainhoa Bilbao
- Medical Faculty, Behavioural Genetics Research Group, Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heide Hörtnagl
- Department of Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- School of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Argentina, Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sarah Leixner
- Medical Faculty, Behavioural Genetics Research Group, Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gudrun Ahnert-Hilger
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irene Brunk
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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