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Di Bella DJ, Domínguez-Iturza N, Brown JR, Arlotta P. Making Ramón y Cajal proud: Development of cell identity and diversity in the cerebral cortex. Neuron 2024; 112:2091-2111. [PMID: 38754415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Since the beautiful images of Santiago Ramón y Cajal provided a first glimpse into the immense diversity and complexity of cell types found in the cerebral cortex, neuroscience has been challenged and inspired to understand how these diverse cells are generated and how they interact with each other to orchestrate the development of this remarkable tissue. Some fundamental questions drive the field's quest to understand cortical development: what are the mechanistic principles that govern the emergence of neuronal diversity? How do extrinsic and intrinsic signals integrate with physical forces and activity to shape cell identity? How do the diverse populations of neurons and glia influence each other during development to guarantee proper integration and function? The advent of powerful new technologies to profile and perturb cortical development at unprecedented resolution and across a variety of modalities has offered a new opportunity to integrate past knowledge with brand new data. Here, we review some of this progress using cortical excitatory projection neurons as a system to draw out general principles of cell diversification and the role of cell-cell interactions during cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela J Di Bella
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Nuria Domínguez-Iturza
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Juliana R Brown
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Paola Arlotta
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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2
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Wang J, Yang L, Du Y, Wang J, Weng Q, Liu X, Nicholson E, Xin M, Lu QR. BRG1 programs PRC2-complex repression and controls oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202310143. [PMID: 38652118 PMCID: PMC11040499 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202310143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromatin-remodeling protein BRG1/SMARCA4 is pivotal for establishing oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage identity. However, its functions for oligodendrocyte-precursor cell (OPC) differentiation within the postnatal brain and during remyelination remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that Brg1 loss profoundly impairs OPC differentiation in the brain with a comparatively lesser effect in the spinal cord. Moreover, BRG1 is critical for OPC remyelination after injury. Integrative transcriptomic/genomic profiling reveals that BRG1 exhibits a dual role by promoting OPC differentiation networks while repressing OL-inhibitory cues and proneuronal programs. Furthermore, we find that BRG1 interacts with EED/PRC2 polycomb-repressive-complexes to enhance H3K27me3-mediated repression at gene loci associated with OL-differentiation inhibition and neurogenesis. Notably, BRG1 depletion decreases H3K27me3 deposition, leading to the upregulation of BMP/WNT signaling and proneurogenic genes, which suppresses OL programs. Thus, our findings reveal a hitherto unexplored spatiotemporal-specific role of BRG1 for OPC differentiation in the developing CNS and underscore a new insight into BRG1/PRC2-mediated epigenetic regulation that promotes and safeguards OL lineage commitment and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yiwen Du
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuezhao Liu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eva Nicholson
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mei Xin
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qing Richard Lu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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3
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Moghimyfiroozabad S, Paul MA, Bellenger L, Selimi F. A molecularly defined subpopulation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells controls the generation of myelinating oligodendrocytes during postnatal development. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002655. [PMID: 38985832 PMCID: PMC11236193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a class of glial cells that uniformly tiles the entire central nervous system (CNS). They play several key functions across the brain including the generation of oligodendrocytes and the control of myelination. Whether the functional diversity of OPCs is the result of genetically defined subpopulations or of their regulation by external factors has not been definitely established. We discovered that a subpopulation of OPCs found across the brain is defined by the expression of C1ql1, a gene previously described for its synaptic function in neurons. This subpopulation starts to appear during the first postnatal week in the mouse cortex. Ablation of C1ql1-expressing OPCs in the mouse leads to a massive lack of oligodendrocytes and myelination in many brain regions. This deficit cannot be rescued, even though some OPCs escape Sox10-driven ablation and end up partially compensating the OPC loss in the adult. Therefore, C1ql1 is a molecular marker of a functionally non-redundant subpopulation of OPCs, which controls the generation of myelinating oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Moghimyfiroozabad
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Maela A Paul
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Lea Bellenger
- ARTbio Bioinformatics Analysis Facility, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1156, CNRS FR 3631, Institut Français de Bioinformatique (IFB), Paris, France
| | - Fekrije Selimi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
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4
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Schaufelberger SA, Schaettin M, Azzarito G, Rosselli M, Leeners B, Dubey RK. 2-Methoxyestradiol, an Endogenous 17β-Estradiol Metabolite, Induces Antimitogenic and Apoptotic Actions in Oligodendroglial Precursor Cells and Triggers Endoreduplication via the p53 Pathway. Cells 2024; 13:1086. [PMID: 38994940 PMCID: PMC11240791 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The abnormal growth of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) significantly contributes to the progression of glioblastoma tumors. Hence, molecules that block OPC growth may be of therapeutic importance in treating gliomas. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME), an endogenous tubulin-interacting metabolite of estradiol, is effective against multiple proliferative disorders. Based on its anti-carcinogenic and anti-angiogenic actions, it is undergoing phase II clinical trials. We hypothesize that 2ME may prevent glioma growth by targeting OPC growth. Here, we tested this hypothesis by assessing the impact of 2ME on the growth of an OPC line, "Oli-neu", and dissected the underlying mechanism(s). Treatment with 2ME inhibited OPC growth in a concentration-dependent manner, accompanied by significant upregulation in the expression of p21 and p27, which are negative cell-cycle regulators. Moreover, treatment with 2ME altered OPC morphology from multi-arm processes to rounded cells. At concentrations of 1uM and greater, 2ME induced apoptosis, with increased expressions of caspase 3, PARP, and caspase-7 fragments, externalized phosphatidylserine staining/APOPercentage, and increased mitochondrial activity. Flow cytometry and microscopic analysis demonstrated that 2ME triggers endoreduplication in a concentration-dependent fashion. Importantly, 2ME induced cyclin E, JNK1/2, and p53 expression, as well as OPC fusion, which are key mechanisms driving endoreduplication and whole-genome duplication. Importantly, the inhibition of p53 with pifithrin-α rescued 2ME-induced endoreduplication. The pro-apoptotic and endoreduplication actions of 2ME were accompanied by the upregulation of survivin, cyclin A, Cyclin B, Cyclin D2, and ppRB. Similar growth inhibitory, apoptotic, and endoreduplication effects of 2ME were observed in CG4 cells. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that 2ME not only inhibits OPC growth and triggers apoptosis, but also activates OPCs into survival (fight or flight) mode, leading to endoreduplication. This inherent survival characteristic of OPCs may, in part, be responsible for drug resistance in gliomas, as observed for many tubulin-interacting drugs. Importantly, the fate of OPCs after 2ME treatment may depend on the cell-cycle status of individual cells. Combining tubulin-interfering molecules with drugs such as pifithrin-α that inhibit endoreduplication may help inhibit OPC/glioma growth and limit drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Schaufelberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Schaettin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Azzarito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marinella Rosselli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Leeners
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raghvendra K Dubey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Liu H, Yi J, Zhang C, Li Y, Wang Q, Wang S, Dai S, Zheng Z, Jiang T, Gao P, Xue A, Huang Z, Kong F, Wang Y, He B, Guo X, Li Q, Chen J, Yin G, Zhao S. Macrophage GIT1 promotes oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and remyelination after spinal cord injury. Glia 2024. [PMID: 38899731 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in severe motor and sensory deficits, for which currently no effective cure exists. The pathological process underlying this injury is extremely complex and involves many cell types in the central nervous system. In this study, we have uncovered a novel function for macrophage G protein-coupled receptor kinase-interactor 1 (GIT1) in promoting remyelination and functional repair after SCI. Using GIT1flox/flox Lyz2-Cre (GIT1 CKO) mice, we identified that GIT1 deficiency in macrophages led to an increased generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), reduced proportion of mature oligodendrocytes (mOLs), impaired remyelination, and compromised functional recovery in vivo. These effects in GIT1 CKO mice were reversed with the administration of soluble TNF inhibitor. Moreover, bone marrow transplantation from GIT1 CWT mice reversed adverse outcomes in GIT1 CKO mice, further indicating the role of macrophage GIT1 in modulating spinal cord injury repair. Our in vitro experiments showed that macrophage GIT1 plays a critical role in secreting TNFα and influences the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) after stimulation with myelin debris. Collectively, our data uncovered a new role of macrophage GIT1 in regulating the transformation of OPCs into mOLs, essential for functional remyelination after SCI, suggesting that macrophage GIT1 could be a promising treatment target of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shenyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Siming Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ao Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenfei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanqi Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong Uinversity, School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyong Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shujie Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Functional Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Spinal Cord Disease Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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6
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Marangon D, Castro e Silva JH, Cerrato V, Boda E, Lecca D. Oligodendrocyte Progenitors in Glial Scar: A Bet on Remyelination. Cells 2024; 13:1024. [PMID: 38920654 PMCID: PMC11202012 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) represent a subtype of glia, giving rise to oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells in the central nervous system (CNS). While OPCs are highly proliferative during development, they become relatively quiescent during adulthood, when their fate is strictly influenced by the extracellular context. In traumatic injuries and chronic neurodegenerative conditions, including those of autoimmune origin, oligodendrocytes undergo apoptosis, and demyelination starts. Adult OPCs become immediately activated; they migrate at the lesion site and proliferate to replenish the damaged area, but their efficiency is hampered by the presence of a glial scar-a barrier mainly formed by reactive astrocytes, microglia and the deposition of inhibitory extracellular matrix components. If, on the one hand, a glial scar limits the lesion spreading, it also blocks tissue regeneration. Therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing astrocyte or microglia activation and shifting them toward a neuroprotective phenotype have been proposed, whereas the role of OPCs has been largely overlooked. In this review, we have considered the glial scar from the perspective of OPCs, analysing their behaviour when lesions originate and exploring the potential therapies aimed at sustaining OPCs to efficiently differentiate and promote remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Marangon
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (J.H.C.e.S.)
| | - Juliana Helena Castro e Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (J.H.C.e.S.)
| | - Valentina Cerrato
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrica Boda
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Lecca
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (J.H.C.e.S.)
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7
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Foerster S, Floriddia EM, van Bruggen D, Kukanja P, Hervé B, Cheng S, Kim E, Phillips BU, Heath CJ, Tripathi RB, Call C, Bartels T, Ridley K, Neumann B, López-Cruz L, Crawford AH, Lynch CJ, Serrano M, Saksida L, Rowitch DH, Möbius W, Nave KA, Rasband MN, Bergles DE, Kessaris N, Richardson WD, Bussey TJ, Zhao C, Castelo-Branco G, Franklin RJM. Developmental origin of oligodendrocytes determines their function in the adult brain. Nat Neurosci 2024:10.1038/s41593-024-01666-8. [PMID: 38849524 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In the mouse embryonic forebrain, developmentally distinct oligodendrocyte progenitor cell populations and their progeny, oligodendrocytes, emerge from three distinct regions in a spatiotemporal gradient from ventral to dorsal. However, the functional importance of this oligodendrocyte developmental heterogeneity is unknown. Using a genetic strategy to ablate dorsally derived oligodendrocyte lineage cells (OLCs), we show here that the areas in which dorsally derived OLCs normally reside in the adult central nervous system become populated and myelinated by OLCs of ventral origin. These ectopic oligodendrocytes (eOLs) have a distinctive gene expression profile as well as subtle myelination abnormalities. The failure of eOLs to fully assume the role of the original dorsally derived cells results in locomotor and cognitive deficits in the adult animal. This study reveals the importance of developmental heterogeneity within the oligodendrocyte lineage and its importance for homeostatic brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Foerster
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisa M Floriddia
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David van Bruggen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petra Kukanja
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bastien Hervé
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shangli Cheng
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm and Hong Kong nodes, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eosu Kim
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Benjamin U Phillips
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher J Heath
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Richa B Tripathi
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cody Call
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Theresa Bartels
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine Ridley
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Björn Neumann
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura López-Cruz
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abbe H Crawford
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cian J Lynch
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa Saksida
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - David H Rowitch
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthew N Rasband
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dwight E Bergles
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicoletta Kessaris
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - William D Richardson
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy J Bussey
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Chao Zhao
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Gonçalo Castelo-Branco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm and Hong Kong nodes, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Robin J M Franklin
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK.
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8
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Emery B, Wood TL. Regulators of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041358. [PMID: 38503504 PMCID: PMC11146316 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Myelination has evolved as a mechanism to ensure fast and efficient propagation of nerve impulses along axons. Within the central nervous system (CNS), myelination is carried out by highly specialized glial cells, oligodendrocytes. The formation of myelin is a prolonged aspect of CNS development that occurs well into adulthood in humans, continuing throughout life in response to injury or as a component of neuroplasticity. The timing of myelination is tightly tied to the generation of oligodendrocytes through the differentiation of their committed progenitors, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which reside throughout the developing and adult CNS. In this article, we summarize our current understanding of some of the signals and pathways that regulate the differentiation of OPCs, and thus the myelination of CNS axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Emery
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA
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9
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Zavvarian MM, Modi AD, Sadat S, Hong J, Fehlings MG. Translational Relevance of Secondary Intracellular Signaling Cascades Following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5708. [PMID: 38891894 PMCID: PMC11172219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-threatening and life-altering condition that results in debilitating sensorimotor and autonomic impairments. Despite significant advances in the clinical management of traumatic SCI, many patients continue to suffer due to a lack of effective therapies. The initial mechanical injury to the spinal cord results in a series of secondary molecular processes and intracellular signaling cascades in immune, vascular, glial, and neuronal cell populations, which further damage the injured spinal cord. These intracellular cascades present promising translationally relevant targets for therapeutic intervention due to their high ubiquity and conservation across eukaryotic evolution. To date, many therapeutics have shown either direct or indirect involvement of these pathways in improving recovery after SCI. However, the complex, multifaceted, and heterogeneous nature of traumatic SCI requires better elucidation of the underlying secondary intracellular signaling cascades to minimize off-target effects and maximize effectiveness. Recent advances in transcriptional and molecular neuroscience provide a closer characterization of these pathways in the injured spinal cord. This narrative review article aims to survey the MAPK, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, Rho-ROCK, NF-κB, and JAK-STAT signaling cascades, in addition to providing a comprehensive overview of the involvement and therapeutic potential of these secondary intracellular pathways following traumatic SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Masoud Zavvarian
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Akshat D. Modi
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3J6, Canada
| | - Sarah Sadat
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - James Hong
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Michael G. Fehlings
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
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10
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Guérout N. Combined Treatments and Therapies to Cure Spinal Cord Injury. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1095. [PMID: 38791057 PMCID: PMC11118184 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries of the spinal cord (SCIs) are still pathologies with a disastrous outcome [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Guérout
- Saints Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR8003, 75006 Paris, France
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11
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Thornton MA, Futia GL, Stockton ME, Budoff SA, Ramirez AN, Ozbay B, Tzang O, Kilborn K, Poleg-Polsky A, Restrepo D, Gibson EA, Hughes EG. Long-term in vivo three-photon imaging reveals region-specific differences in healthy and regenerative oligodendrogenesis. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:846-861. [PMID: 38539013 PMCID: PMC11104262 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The generation of new myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the adult central nervous system is critical for cognitive function and regeneration following injury. Oligodendrogenesis varies between gray and white matter regions, suggesting that local cues drive regional differences in myelination and the capacity for regeneration. However, the layer- and region-specific regulation of oligodendrocyte populations is unclear due to the inability to monitor deep brain structures in vivo. Here we harnessed the superior imaging depth of three-photon microscopy to permit long-term, longitudinal in vivo three-photon imaging of the entire cortical column and subcortical white matter in adult mice. We find that cortical oligodendrocyte populations expand at a higher rate in the adult brain than those of the white matter. Following demyelination, oligodendrocyte replacement is enhanced in the white matter, while the deep cortical layers show deficits in regenerative oligodendrogenesis and the restoration of transcriptional heterogeneity. Together, our findings demonstrate that regional microenvironments regulate oligodendrocyte population dynamics and heterogeneity in the healthy and diseased brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Thornton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gregory L Futia
- Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael E Stockton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Samuel A Budoff
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexandra N Ramirez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Baris Ozbay
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Omer Tzang
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Karl Kilborn
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Alon Poleg-Polsky
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Diego Restrepo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emily A Gibson
- Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ethan G Hughes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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12
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Kampmann M. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of selective vulnerability in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:351-371. [PMID: 38575768 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00806-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The selective vulnerability of specific neuronal subtypes is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. In this Review, I summarize our current understanding of the brain regions and cell types that are selectively vulnerable in different neurodegenerative diseases and describe the proposed underlying cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms. I highlight how recent methodological innovations - including single-cell transcriptomics, CRISPR-based screens and human cell-based models of disease - are enabling new breakthroughs in our understanding of selective vulnerability. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms that determine selective vulnerability and resilience would shed light on the key processes that drive neurodegeneration and point to potential therapeutic strategies to protect vulnerable cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kampmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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13
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Ozkan A, Padmanabhan HK, Shipman SL, Azim E, Kumar P, Sadegh C, Basak AN, Macklis JD. Directed differentiation of functional corticospinal-like neurons from endogenous SOX6+/NG2+ cortical progenitors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.21.590488. [PMID: 38712174 PMCID: PMC11071355 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.21.590488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Corticospinal neurons (CSN) centrally degenerate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), along with spinal motor neurons, and loss of voluntary motor function in spinal cord injury (SCI) results from damage to CSN axons. For functional regeneration of specifically affected neuronal circuitry in vivo , or for optimally informative disease modeling and/or therapeutic screening in vitro , it is important to reproduce the type or subtype of neurons involved. No such appropriate in vitro models exist with which to investigate CSN selective vulnerability and degeneration in ALS, or to investigate routes to regeneration of CSN circuitry for ALS or SCI, critically limiting the relevance of much research. Here, we identify that the HMG-domain transcription factor Sox6 is expressed by a subset of NG2+ endogenous cortical progenitors in postnatal and adult cortex, and that Sox6 suppresses a latent neurogenic program by repressing inappropriate proneural Neurog2 expression by progenitors. We FACS-purify these genetically accessible progenitors from postnatal mouse cortex and establish a pure culture system to investigate their potential for directed differentiation into CSN. We then employ a multi-component construct with complementary and differentiation-sharpening transcriptional controls (activating Neurog2, Fezf2 , while antagonizing Olig2 with VP16:Olig2 ). We generate corticospinal-like neurons from SOX6+/NG2+ cortical progenitors, and find that these neurons differentiate with remarkable fidelity compared with corticospinal neurons in vivo . They possess appropriate morphological, molecular, transcriptomic, and electrophysiological characteristics, without characteristics of the alternate intracortical or other neuronal subtypes. We identify that these critical specifics of differentiation are not reproduced by commonly employed Neurog2 -driven differentiation. Neurons induced by Neurog2 instead exhibit aberrant multi-axon morphology and express molecular hallmarks of alternate cortical projection subtypes, often in mixed form. Together, this developmentally-based directed differentiation from genetically accessible cortical progenitors sets a precedent and foundation for in vitro mechanistic and therapeutic disease modeling, and toward regenerative neuronal repopulation and circuit repair.
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14
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Kukanja P, Langseth CM, Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby LA, Agirre E, Zheng C, Raman A, Yokota C, Avenel C, Tiklová K, Guerreiro-Cacais AO, Olsson T, Hilscher MM, Nilsson M, Castelo-Branco G. Cellular architecture of evolving neuroinflammatory lesions and multiple sclerosis pathology. Cell 2024; 187:1990-2009.e19. [PMID: 38513664 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease characterized by multifocal lesions and smoldering pathology. Although single-cell analyses provided insights into cytopathology, evolving cellular processes underlying MS remain poorly understood. We investigated the cellular dynamics of MS by modeling temporal and regional rates of disease progression in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). By performing single-cell spatial expression profiling using in situ sequencing (ISS), we annotated disease neighborhoods and found centrifugal evolution of active lesions. We demonstrated that disease-associated (DA)-glia arise independently of lesions and are dynamically induced and resolved over the disease course. Single-cell spatial mapping of human archival MS spinal cords confirmed the differential distribution of homeostatic and DA-glia, enabled deconvolution of active and inactive lesions into sub-compartments, and identified new lesion areas. By establishing a spatial resource of mouse and human MS neuropathology at a single-cell resolution, our study unveils the intricate cellular dynamics underlying MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kukanja
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Christoffer M Langseth
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Leslie A Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eneritz Agirre
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chao Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amitha Raman
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chika Yokota
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christophe Avenel
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; BioImage Informatics Facility, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarina Tiklová
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - André O Guerreiro-Cacais
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Solna, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Solna, Sweden
| | - Markus M Hilscher
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, 17154 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gonçalo Castelo-Branco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Tian M, Kawaguchi R, Shen Y, Machnicki M, Villegas NG, Cooper DR, Montgomery N, Haring J, Lan R, Yuan AH, Williams CK, Magaki S, Vinters HV, Zhang Y, De Biase LM, Silva AJ, Carmichael ST. Intercellular Signaling Pathways as Therapeutic Targets for Vascular Dementia Repair. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.24.585301. [PMID: 38585718 PMCID: PMC10996514 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.24.585301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is a white matter ischemic disease and the second-leading cause of dementia, with no direct therapy. Within the lesion site, cell-cell interactions dictate the trajectory towards disease progression or repair. To elucidate the underlying intercellular signaling pathways, a VaD mouse model was developed for transcriptomic and functional studies. The mouse VaD transcriptome was integrated with a human VaD snRNA-Seq dataset. A custom-made database encompassing 4053 human and 2032 mouse ligand-receptor (L-R) interactions identified significantly altered pathways shared between human and mouse VaD. Two intercellular L-R systems, Serpine2-Lrp1 and CD39-A3AR, were selected for mechanistic study as both the ligand and receptor were dysregulated in VaD. Decreased Seprine2 expression enhances OPC differentiation in VaD repair. A clinically relevant drug that reverses the loss of CD39-A3AR function promotes tissue and behavioral recovery in the VaD model. This study presents novel intercellular signaling targets and may open new avenues for VaD therapies.
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16
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Abay T, Stickels RR, Takizawa MT, Nalbant BN, Hsieh YH, Hwang S, Snopkowski C, Yu KKH, Abou-Mrad Z, Tabar V, Ludwig LS, Chaligné R, Satpathy AT, Lareau CA. Transcript-specific enrichment enables profiling rare cell states via scRNA-seq. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.27.587039. [PMID: 38586040 PMCID: PMC10996707 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.587039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell genomics technologies have accelerated our understanding of cell-state heterogeneity in diverse contexts. Although single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) identifies many rare populations of interest that express specific marker transcript combinations, traditional flow sorting limits our ability to enrich these populations for further profiling, including requiring cell surface markers with high-fidelity antibodies. Additionally, many single-cell studies require the isolation of nuclei from tissue, eliminating the ability to enrich learned rare cell states based on extranuclear protein markers. To address these limitations, we describe Programmable Enrichment via RNA Flow-FISH by sequencing (PERFF-seq), a scalable assay that enables scRNA-seq profiling of subpopulations from complex cellular mixtures defined by the presence or absence of specific RNA transcripts. Across immune populations (n = 141,227 cells) and fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded brain tissue (n = 29,522 nuclei), we demonstrate the sorting logic that can be used to enrich for cell populations via RNA-based cytometry followed by high-throughput scRNA-seq. Our approach provides a rational, programmable method for studying rare populations identified by one or more marker transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsion Abay
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
- Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert R. Stickels
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
| | - Meril T. Takizawa
- Single-cell Analytics Innovation Lab, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benan N. Nalbant
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Hsin Hsieh
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sidney Hwang
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
| | - Catherine Snopkowski
- Single-cell Analytics Innovation Lab, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenny Kwok Hei Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zaki Abou-Mrad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viviane Tabar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leif S. Ludwig
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronan Chaligné
- Single-cell Analytics Innovation Lab, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ansuman T. Satpathy
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caleb A. Lareau
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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17
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Zhang D, Chen Y, Wei Y, Chen H, Wu Y, Wu L, Li J, Ren Q, Miao C, Zhu T, Liu J, Ke B, Zhou C. Spatial transcriptomics and single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveal a transcriptomic atlas of adult human spinal cord. eLife 2024; 12:RP92046. [PMID: 38289829 PMCID: PMC10945563 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the recognized importance of the spinal cord in sensory processing, motor behaviors, and neural diseases, the underlying organization of neuronal clusters and their spatial location remain elusive. Recently, several studies have attempted to define the neuronal types and functional heterogeneity in the spinal cord using single-cell or single-nucleus RNA sequencing in animal models or developing humans. However, molecular evidence of cellular heterogeneity in the adult human spinal cord is limited. Here, we classified spinal cord neurons into 21 subclusters and determined their distribution from nine human donors using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. Moreover, we compared the human findings with previously published single-nucleus data of the adult mouse spinal cord, which revealed an overall similarity in the neuronal composition of the spinal cord between the two species while simultaneously highlighting some degree of heterogeneity. Additionally, we examined the sex differences in the spinal neuronal subclusters. Several genes, such as SCN10A and HCN1, showed sex differences in motor neurons. Finally, we classified human dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons using spatial transcriptomics and explored the putative interactions between DRG and spinal cord neuronal subclusters. In summary, these results illustrate the complexity and diversity of spinal neurons in humans and provide an important resource for future research to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying spinal cord physiology and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yali Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yiyong Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)ShenhenChina
| | - Hongjun Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Yujie Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Qiyang Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bowen Ke
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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18
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Hartman A, Satija R. Comparative analysis of multiplexed in situ gene expression profiling technologies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.11.575135. [PMID: 38260366 PMCID: PMC10802595 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.11.575135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The burgeoning interest in in situ multiplexed gene expression profiling technologies has opened new avenues for understanding cellular behavior and interactions. In this study, we present a comparative benchmark analysis of six in situ gene expression profiling methods, including both commercially available and academically developed methods, using publicly accessible mouse brain datasets. We find that standard sensitivity metrics, such as the number of unique molecules detected per cell, are not directly comparable across datasets due to substantial differences in the incidence of off-target molecular artifacts impacting specificity. To address these challenges, we explored various potential sources of molecular artifacts, developed novel metrics to control for them, and utilized these metrics to evaluate and compare different in situ technologies. Finally, we demonstrate how molecular false positives can seriously confound spatially-aware differential expression analysis, requiring caution in the interpretation of downstream results. Our analysis provides guidance for the selection, processing, and interpretation of in situ spatial technologies.
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19
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Luo W, Li Y, Zhao J, Niu R, Xiang C, Zhang M, Xiao C, Liu W, Gu R. CD44-targeting hyaluronic acid-selenium nanoparticles boost functional recovery following spinal cord injury. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:37. [PMID: 38263204 PMCID: PMC10804833 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic strategies based on scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppressing inflammatory cascades are effective in improving functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the lack of targeting nanoparticles (NPs) with powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties hampers the clinical translation of these strategies. Here, CD44-targeting hyaluronic acid-selenium (HA-Se) NPs were designed and prepared for scavenging ROS and suppressing inflammatory responses in the injured spinal cord, enhancing functional recovery. RESULTS The HA-Se NPs were easily prepared through direct reduction of seleninic acid in the presence of HA. The obtained HA-Se NPs exhibited a remarkable capacity to eliminate free radicals and CD44 receptor-facilitated internalization by astrocytes. Moreover, the HA-Se NPs effectively mitigated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) by microglia cells (BV2) upon lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. In vivo experiments confirmed that HA-Se NPs could effectively accumulate within the lesion site through CD44 targeting. As a result, HA-Se NPs demonstrated superior protection of axons and neurons within the injury site, leading to enhanced functional recovery in a rat model of SCI. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the potential of CD44-targeting HA-Se NPs for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueying Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Renrui Niu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanguo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Forston MD, Wei GZ, Chariker JH, Stephenson T, Andres K, Glover C, Rouchka EC, Whittemore SR, Hetman M. Enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, re-organized intracellular signaling, and epigenetic de-silencing as revealed by oligodendrocyte translatome analysis after contusive spinal cord injury. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21254. [PMID: 38040794 PMCID: PMC10692148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing the loss of oligodendrocytes (OLs) is a major goal for neuroprotection after spinal cord injury (SCI). Therefore, the OL translatome was determined in Ribotag:Plp1-CreERT2 mice at 2, 10, and 42 days after moderate contusive T9 SCI. At 2 and 42 days, mitochondrial respiration- or actin cytoskeleton/cell junction/cell adhesion mRNAs were upregulated or downregulated, respectively. The latter effect suggests myelin sheath loss/morphological simplification which is consistent with downregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis transcripts on days 10 and 42. Various regulators of pro-survival-, cell death-, and/or oxidative stress response pathways showed peak expression acutely, on day 2. Many acutely upregulated OL genes are part of the repressive SUZ12/PRC2 operon suggesting that epigenetic de-silencing contributes to SCI effects on OL gene expression. Acute OL upregulation of the iron oxidoreductase Steap3 was confirmed at the protein level and replicated in cultured OLs treated with the mitochondrial uncoupler FCCP. Hence, STEAP3 upregulation may mark mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, in SCI-challenged OLs, acute and subchronic enhancement of mitochondrial respiration may be driven by axonal loss and subsequent myelin sheath degeneration. Acutely, the OL switch to oxidative phosphorylation may lead to oxidative stress that is further amplified by upregulation of such enzymes as STEAP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Forston
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences & Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - George Z Wei
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- MD/PhD Program, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Julia H Chariker
- Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (KY INBRE) Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Neuroscience Training, University Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Tyler Stephenson
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Kariena Andres
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Charles Glover
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (KY INBRE) Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Scott R Whittemore
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences & Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- MD/PhD Program, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Michal Hetman
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences & Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- MD/PhD Program, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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21
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Garza R, Sharma Y, Atacho DAM, Thiruvalluvan A, Abu Hamdeh S, Jönsson ME, Horvath V, Adami A, Ingelsson M, Jern P, Hammell MG, Englund E, Kirkeby A, Jakobsson J, Marklund N. Single-cell transcriptomics of human traumatic brain injury reveals activation of endogenous retroviruses in oligodendroglia. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113395. [PMID: 37967557 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of chronic brain impairment and results in a robust, but poorly understood, neuroinflammatory response that contributes to the long-term pathology. We used single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to study transcriptomic changes in different cell populations in human brain tissue obtained acutely after severe, life-threatening TBI. This revealed a unique transcriptional response in oligodendrocyte precursors and mature oligodendrocytes, including the activation of a robust innate immune response, indicating an important role for oligodendroglia in the initiation of neuroinflammation. The activation of an innate immune response correlated with transcriptional upregulation of endogenous retroviruses in oligodendroglia. This observation was causally linked in vitro using human glial progenitors, implicating these ancient viral sequences in human neuroinflammation. In summary, this work provides insight into the initiating events of the neuroinflammatory response in TBI, which has therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Garza
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yogita Sharma
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Diahann A M Atacho
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Arun Thiruvalluvan
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW) and Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sami Abu Hamdeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie E Jönsson
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Vivien Horvath
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anita Adami
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patric Jern
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Molly Gale Hammell
- Institute for Systems Genetics, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Elisabet Englund
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Agnete Kirkeby
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW) and Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Jakobsson
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Niklas Marklund
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurosurgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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22
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Thornton MA, Futia GL, Stockton ME, Budoff SA, Ramirez AN, Ozbay B, Tzang O, Kilborn K, Poleg-Polsky A, Restrepo D, Gibson EA, Hughes EG. Long-term in vivo three-photon imaging reveals region-specific differences in healthy and regenerative oligodendrogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.29.564636. [PMID: 37961298 PMCID: PMC10634963 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.29.564636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The generation of new myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the adult CNS is critical for cognitive function and regeneration following injury. Oligodendrogenesis varies between gray and white matter regions suggesting that local cues drive regional differences in myelination and the capacity for regeneration. Yet, the determination of regional variability in oligodendrocyte cell behavior is limited by the inability to monitor the dynamics of oligodendrocytes and their transcriptional subpopulations in white matter of the living brain. Here, we harnessed the superior imaging depth of three-photon microscopy to permit long-term, longitudinal in vivo three-photon imaging of an entire cortical column and underlying subcortical white matter without cellular damage or reactivity. Using this approach, we found that the white matter generated substantially more new oligodendrocytes per volume compared to the gray matter, yet the rate of population growth was proportionally higher in the gray matter. Following demyelination, the white matter had an enhanced population growth that resulted in higher oligodendrocyte replacement compared to the gray matter. Finally, deep cortical layers had pronounced deficits in regenerative oligodendrogenesis and restoration of the MOL5/6-positive oligodendrocyte subpopulation following demyelinating injury. Together, our findings demonstrate that regional microenvironments regulate oligodendrocyte population dynamics and heterogeneity in the healthy and diseased brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Thornton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | | | - Michael E. Stockton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Samuel A. Budoff
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Alexandra N Ramirez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Baris Ozbay
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations (3i), Denver, CO, USA
| | - Omer Tzang
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations (3i), Denver, CO, USA
| | - Karl Kilborn
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations (3i), Denver, CO, USA
| | - Alon Poleg-Polsky
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Diego Restrepo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Emily A. Gibson
- Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Ethan G. Hughes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
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23
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Chen H, Fan L, Guo Q, Wong MY, Yu F, Foxe N, Wang W, Nessim A, Carling G, Liu B, Lopez-Lee C, Huang Y, Amin S, Patel T, Mok SA, Song WM, Zhang B, Ma Q, Fu H, Gan L, Luo W. DAP12 deficiency alters microglia-oligodendrocyte communication and enhances resilience against tau toxicity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.26.563970. [PMID: 37961594 PMCID: PMC10634844 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.26.563970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic tau accumulation fuels neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Enhancing aging brain's resilience to tau pathology would lead to novel therapeutic strategies. DAP12 (DNAX-activation protein 12) is critically involved in microglial immune responses. Previous studies have showed that mice lacking DAP12 in tauopathy mice exhibit higher tau pathology but are protected from tau-induced cognitive deficits. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive. Our current study uncovers a novel resilience mechanism via microglial interaction with oligodendrocytes. Despite higher tau inclusions, Dap12 deletion curbs tau-induced brain inflammation and ameliorates myelin and synapse loss. Specifically, removal of Dap12 abolished tau-induced disease-associated clusters in microglia (MG) and intermediate oligodendrocytes (iOli), which are spatially correlated with tau pathology in AD brains. Our study highlights the critical role of interactions between microglia and oligodendrocytes in tau toxicity and DAP12 signaling as a promising target for enhancing resilience in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Fan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Man Ying Wong
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fangmin Yu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nessa Foxe
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Aviram Nessim
- The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York, USA
| | - Gillian Carling
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bangyan Liu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chloe Lopez-Lee
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yige Huang
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sadaf Amin
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tark Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Sue-Ann Mok
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Millburn High School, New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Wenjie Luo
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Chen H, Fan L, Guo Q, Wong MY, Yu F, Foxe N, Wang W, Nessim A, Carling G, Liu B, Lopez-Lee C, Huang Y, Amin S, Mok SA, Song WM, Zhang B, Ma Q, Fu H, Gan L, Luo W. DAP12 deficiency alters microglia-oligodendrocyte communication and enhances resilience against tau toxicity. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3454358. [PMID: 37961627 PMCID: PMC10635319 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3454358/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic tau accumulation fuels neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Enhancing aging brain's resilience to tau pathology would lead to novel therapeutic strategies. DAP12 (DNAX-activation protein 12) is critically involved in microglial immune responses. Previous studies have showed that mice lacking DAP12 in tauopathy mice exhibit higher tau pathology but are protected from tau-induced cognitive deficits. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive. Our current study uncovers a novel resilience mechanism via microglial interaction with oligodendrocytes. Despite higher tau inclusions, Dap12 deletion curbs tau-induced brain inflammation and ameliorates myelin and synapse loss. Specifically, removal of Dap12 abolished tau-induced disease-associated clusters in microglia (MG) and intermediate oligodendrocytes (iOli), which are spatially correlated with tau pathology in AD brains. Our study highlights the critical role of interactions between microglia and oligodendrocytes in tau toxicity and DAP12 signaling as a promising target for enhancing resilience in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Fan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Man Ying Wong
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fangmin Yu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nessa Foxe
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Aviram Nessim
- The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York, USA
| | - Gillian Carling
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bangyan Liu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chloe Lopez-Lee
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yige Huang
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sadaf Amin
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sue-Ann Mok
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Millburn High School, New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Wenjie Luo
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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25
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Fekete CD, Horning RZ, Doron MS, Nishiyama A. Cleavage of VAMP2/3 Affects Oligodendrocyte Lineage Development in the Developing Mouse Spinal Cord. J Neurosci 2023; 43:6592-6608. [PMID: 37620160 PMCID: PMC10538588 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2206-21.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the developing and adult CNS, new oligodendrocytes (OLs) are generated from a population of cells known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). As they begin to differentiate, OPCs undergo a series of highly regulated changes to morphology, gene expression, and membrane organization. This stage represents a critical bottleneck in oligodendrogliogenesis, and the regulatory program that guides it is still not fully understood. Here, we show that in vivo toxin-mediated cleavage of the vesicle associated SNARE proteins VAMP2/3 in the OL lineage of both male and female mice impairs the ability of early OLs to mature into functional, myelinating OLs. In the developing mouse spinal cord, many VAMP2/3-cleaved OLs appeared to stall in the premyelinating, early OL stage, resulting in an overall loss of both myelin density and OL number. The Src kinase Fyn, a key regulator of oligodendrogliogenesis and myelination, is highly expressed among premyelinating OLs, but its expression decreases as OLs mature. We found that OLs with cleaved VAMP2/3 in the spinal cord white matter showed significantly higher expression of Fyn compared with neighboring control cells, potentially because of an extended premyelinating stage. Overall, our results show that functional VAMP2/3 in OL lineage cells is essential for proper myelin formation and plays a major role in controlling the maturation and terminal differentiation of premyelinating OLs.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The production of mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) is essential for CNS myelination during development, myelin remodeling in adulthood, and remyelination following injury or in demyelinating disease. Before myelin sheath formation, newly formed OLs undergo a series of highly regulated changes during a stage of their development known as the premyelinating, or early OL stage. This stage acts as a critical checkpoint in OL development, and much is still unknown about the dynamic regulatory processes involved. In this study, we show that VAMP2/3, SNARE proteins involved in vesicular trafficking and secretion play an essential role in regulating premyelinating OL development and are required for healthy myelination in the developing mouse spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Fekete
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Robert Z Horning
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Matan S Doron
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Akiko Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
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26
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Furube E, Ohgidani M, Yoshida S. Systemic Inflammation Leads to Changes in the Intracellular Localization of KLK6 in Oligodendrocytes in Spinal Cord White Matter. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:2645-2659. [PMID: 37067738 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03929-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Axonal injury and demyelination occur in demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, and the detachment of myelin from axons precedes its degradation. Paranodes are the areas at which each layer of the myelin sheath adheres tightly to axons. The destruction of nodal and paranodal structures during inflammation is an important pathophysiology of various neurological disorders. However, the underlying pathological changes in these structures remain unclear. Kallikrein 6 (KLK6), a serine protease produced by oligodendrocytes, is involved in demyelinating diseases. In the present study, we intraperitoneally injected mice with LPS for several days and examined changes in the localization of KLK6. Transient changes in the intracellular localization of KLK6 to paranodes in the spinal cord were observed during LPS-induced systemic inflammation. However, these changes were not detected in the upper part of brain white matter. LPS-induced changes were suppressed by minocycline, suggesting the involvement of microglia. Moreover, nodal lengths were elongated in LPS-treated wild-type mice, but not in LPS-treated KLK6-KO mice. These results demonstrate the potential involvement of KLK6 in the process of demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Furube
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Ohgidani
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Yoshida
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
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27
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Magoulopoulou A, Salas SM, Tiklová K, Samuelsson ER, Hilscher MM, Nilsson M. Padlock Probe-Based Targeted In Situ Sequencing: Overview of Methods and Applications. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2023; 24:133-150. [PMID: 37018847 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-102722-092013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating spatiotemporal changes in gene expression has been an essential goal in studies of health, development, and disease. In the emerging field of spatially resolved transcriptomics, gene expression profiles are acquired with the tissue architecture maintained, sometimes at cellular resolution. This has allowed for the development of spatial cell atlases, studies of cell-cell interactions, and in situ cell typing. In this review, we focus on padlock probe-based in situ sequencing, which is a targeted spatially resolved transcriptomic method. We summarize recent methodological and computational tool developments and discuss key applications. We also discuss compatibility with other methods and integration with multiomic platforms for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Magoulopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden; , , , , ,
| | - Sergio Marco Salas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden; , , , , ,
| | - Katarína Tiklová
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden; , , , , ,
| | - Erik Reinhold Samuelsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden; , , , , ,
| | - Markus M Hilscher
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden; , , , , ,
| | - Mats Nilsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden; , , , , ,
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28
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Mihailova V, Stoyanova II, Tonchev AB. Glial Populations in the Human Brain Following Ischemic Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2332. [PMID: 37760773 PMCID: PMC10525766 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in glial cells in the central nervous system due to their important role in maintaining brain homeostasis under physiological conditions and after injury. A significant amount of evidence has been accumulated regarding their capacity to exert either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects under different pathological conditions. In combination with their proliferative potential, they contribute not only to the limitation of brain damage and tissue remodeling but also to neuronal repair and synaptic recovery. Moreover, reactive glial cells can modulate the processes of neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, and migration of neurons in the existing neural circuits in the adult brain. By discovering precise signals within specific niches, the regulation of sequential processes in adult neurogenesis holds the potential to unlock strategies that can stimulate the generation of functional neurons, whether in response to injury or as a means of addressing degenerative neurological conditions. Cerebral ischemic stroke, a condition falling within the realm of acute vascular disorders affecting the circulation in the brain, stands as a prominent global cause of disability and mortality. Extensive investigations into glial plasticity and their intricate interactions with other cells in the central nervous system have predominantly relied on studies conducted on experimental animals, including rodents and primates. However, valuable insights have also been gleaned from in vivo studies involving poststroke patients, utilizing highly specialized imaging techniques. Following the attempts to map brain cells, the role of various transcription factors in modulating gene expression in response to cerebral ischemia is gaining increasing popularity. Although the results obtained thus far remain incomplete and occasionally ambiguous, they serve as a solid foundation for the development of strategies aimed at influencing the recovery process after ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Mihailova
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (I.I.S.); (A.B.T.)
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Bragança J, Pinto R, Silva B, Marques N, Leitão HS, Fernandes MT. Charting the Path: Navigating Embryonic Development to Potentially Safeguard against Congenital Heart Defects. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1263. [PMID: 37623513 PMCID: PMC10455635 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are structural or functional defects present at birth due to improper heart development. Current therapeutic approaches to treating severe CHDs are primarily palliative surgical interventions during the peri- or prenatal stages, when the heart has fully developed from faulty embryogenesis. However, earlier interventions during embryonic development have the potential for better outcomes, as demonstrated by fetal cardiac interventions performed in utero, which have shown improved neonatal and prenatal survival rates, as well as reduced lifelong morbidity. Extensive research on heart development has identified key steps, cellular players, and the intricate network of signaling pathways and transcription factors governing cardiogenesis. Additionally, some reports have indicated that certain adverse genetic and environmental conditions leading to heart malformations and embryonic death may be amendable through the activation of alternative mechanisms. This review first highlights key molecular and cellular processes involved in heart development. Subsequently, it explores the potential for future therapeutic strategies, targeting early embryonic stages, to prevent CHDs, through the delivery of biomolecules or exosomes to compensate for faulty cardiogenic mechanisms. Implementing such non-surgical interventions during early gestation may offer a prophylactic approach toward reducing the occurrence and severity of CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rute Pinto
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Nuno Marques
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Helena S. Leitão
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mónica T. Fernandes
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- School of Health, University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Fan Y, Wu X, Han S, Zhang Q, Sun Z, Chen B, Xue X, Zhang H, Chen Z, Yin M, Xiao Z, Zhao Y, Dai J. Single-cell analysis reveals region-heterogeneous responses in rhesus monkey spinal cord with complete injury. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4796. [PMID: 37558705 PMCID: PMC10412553 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe sensory and motor dysfunction below the lesion. However, the cellular dynamic responses and heterogeneity across different regions below the lesion remain to be elusive. Here, we used single-cell transcriptomics to investigate the region-related cellular responses in female rhesus monkeys with complete thoracic SCI from acute to chronic phases. We found that distal lumbar tissue cells were severely impacted, leading to degenerative microenvironments characterized by disease-associated microglia and oligodendrocytes activation alongside increased inhibitory interneurons proportion following SCI. By implanting scaffold into the injury sites, we could improve the injury microenvironment through glial cells and fibroblast regulation while remodeling spared lumbar tissues via reduced inhibitory neurons proportion and improved phagocytosis and myelination. Our findings offer crucial pathological insights into the spared distal tissues and proximal tissues after SCI, emphasizing the importance of scaffold-based treatment approaches targeting heterogeneous microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongheng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xianming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Sufang Han
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenni Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Man Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
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Forston MD, Wei G, Chariker JH, Stephenson T, Andres K, Glover C, Rouchka EC, Whittemore SR, Hetman M. Enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, re-organized intracellular signaling, and epigenetic de-silencing as revealed by oligodendrocyte translatome analysis after contusive spinal cord injury. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3164618. [PMID: 37546871 PMCID: PMC10402259 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3164618/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the loss of oligodendrocytes (OLs) is a major goal for neuroprotection after spinal cord injury (SCI). Therefore, the OL translatome was determined in Ribotag:Plp1-CreERT2 mice at 2, 10, and 42 days after moderate contusive T9 SCI. At 2 and 42 days, mitochondrial respiration- or actin cytoskeleton/cell junction/cell adhesion mRNAs were upregulated or downregulated, respectively. The latter effect suggests myelin sheath loss/morphological simplification which is consistent with downregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis transcripts on days 10 and 42. Various regulators of pro-survival-, cell death-, and/or oxidative stress response pathways showed peak expression acutely, on day 2. Many acutely upregulated OL genes are part of the repressive SUZ12/PRC2 operon suggesting that epigenetic de-silencing contributes to SCI effects on OL gene expression. Acute OL upregulation of the iron oxidoreductase Steap3 was confirmed at the protein level and replicated in cultured OLs treated with the mitochondrial uncoupler FCCP. Hence, STEAP3 upregulation may mark mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, in SCI-challenged OLs, acute and subchronic enhancement of mitochondrial respiration may be driven by axonal loss and subsequent myelin sheath degeneration. Acutely, the OL switch to oxidative phosphorylation may lead to oxidative stress that is further amplified by upregulation of such enzymes as STEAP3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Wei
- University of Louisville School of Medicine
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Kunkel TJ, Townsend A, Sullivan KA, Merlet J, Schuchman EH, Jacobson DA, Lieberman AP. The cholesterol transporter NPC1 is essential for epigenetic regulation and maturation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3964. [PMID: 37407594 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39733-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intracellular cholesterol transporter NPC1 functions in late endosomes and lysosomes to efflux unesterified cholesterol, and its deficiency causes Niemann-Pick disease Type C, an autosomal recessive lysosomal disorder characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and early death. Here, we use single-nucleus RNA-seq on the forebrain of Npc1-/- mice at P16 to identify cell types and pathways affected early in pathogenesis. Our analysis uncovers significant transcriptional changes in the oligodendrocyte lineage during developmental myelination, accompanied by diminished maturation of myelinating oligodendrocytes. We identify upregulation of genes associated with neurogenesis and synapse formation in Npc1-/- oligodendrocyte lineage cells, reflecting diminished gene silencing by H3K27me3. Npc1-/- oligodendrocyte progenitor cells reproduce impaired maturation in vitro, and this phenotype is rescued by treatment with GSK-J4, a small molecule inhibitor of H3K27 demethylases. Moreover, mobilizing stored cholesterol in Npc1-/- mice by a single administration of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin at P7 rescues myelination, epigenetic marks, and oligodendrocyte gene expression. Our findings highlight an important role for NPC1 in oligodendrocyte lineage maturation and epigenetic regulation, and identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaddeus J Kunkel
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alice Townsend
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Kyle A Sullivan
- Computational and Predictive Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Jean Merlet
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Edward H Schuchman
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel A Jacobson
- Computational and Predictive Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Andrew P Lieberman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Du Y, Cai X. Therapeutic potential of natural compounds from herbs and nutraceuticals in spinal cord injury: Regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114905. [PMID: 37207430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disease in which the spinal cord is subjected to various external forces that cause it to burst, shift, or, in severe cases, injure the spinal tissue, resulting in nerve injury. SCI includes not only acute primary injury but also delayed and persistent spinal tissue injury (i.e., secondary injury). The pathological changes post-SCI are complex, and effective clinical treatment strategies are lacking. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) coordinates the growth and metabolism of eukaryotic cells in response to various nutrients and growth factors. The mTOR signaling pathway has multiple roles in the pathogenesis of SCI. There is evidence for the beneficial effects of natural compounds and nutraceuticals that regulate the mTOR signaling pathways in a variety of diseases. Therefore, the effects of natural compounds on the pathogenesis of SCI were evaluated by a comprehensive review using electronic databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Medline, combined with our expertise in neuropathology. In particular, we reviewed the pathogenesis of SCI, including the importance of secondary nerve injury after the primary mechanical injury, the roles of the mTOR signaling pathways, and the beneficial effects and mechanisms of natural compounds that regulate the mTOR signaling pathway on pathological changes post-SCI, including effects on inflammation, neuronal apoptosis, autophagy, nerve regeneration, and other pathways. This recent research highlights the value of natural compounds in regulating the mTOR pathway, providing a basis for developing novel therapeutic strategies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xue Cai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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Lindsay SL, McCanney GA, Zhan J, Scheld M, Smith RS, Goodyear CS, Yates EA, Kipp M, Turnbull JE, Barnett SC. Low sulfated heparan sulfate mimetic differentially affects repair in immune-mediated and toxin-induced experimental models of demyelination. Glia 2023; 71:1683-1698. [PMID: 36945189 PMCID: PMC10952530 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for therapies that target the multicellular pathology of central nervous system (CNS) disease. Modified, nonanticoagulant heparins mimic the heparan sulfate glycan family and are known regulators of multiple cellular processes. In vitro studies have demonstrated that low sulfated modified heparin mimetics (LS-mHeps) drive repair after CNS demyelination. Herein, we test LS-mHep7 (an in vitro lead compound) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and cuprizone-induced demyelination. In EAE, LS-mHep7 treatment resulted in faster recovery and rapidly reduced inflammation which was accompanied by restoration of animal weight. LS-mHep7 treatment had no effect on remyelination or on OLIG2 positive oligodendrocyte numbers within the corpus callosum in the cuprizone model. Further in vitro investigation confirmed that LS-mHep7 likely mediates its pro-repair effect in the EAE model by sequestering inflammatory cytokines, such as CCL5 which are upregulated during immune-mediated inflammatory attacks. These data support the future clinical translation of this next generation modified heparin as a treatment for CNS diseases with active immune system involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. Lindsay
- School of Infection and ImmunityUniversity of Glasgow120 University PlaceGlasgowG12 8TAUK
| | - George A. McCanney
- School of Infection and ImmunityUniversity of Glasgow120 University PlaceGlasgowG12 8TAUK
| | - Jiangshan Zhan
- Institute of AnatomyUniversity of RostockGertrudenstrasse 918057RostockGermany
| | - Miriam Scheld
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Faculty of MedicineRWTH Aachen University52074AachenGermany
| | - Rebecca Sherrard Smith
- School of Infection and ImmunityUniversity of Glasgow120 University PlaceGlasgowG12 8TAUK
| | - Carl S. Goodyear
- School of Infection and ImmunityUniversity of Glasgow120 University PlaceGlasgowG12 8TAUK
| | - Edwin A. Yates
- Institute of Systems, Molecules and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZBUK
| | - Markus Kipp
- Institute of AnatomyUniversity of RostockGertrudenstrasse 918057RostockGermany
| | - Jeremy E. Turnbull
- Institute of Systems, Molecules and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZBUK
- Centre for GlycosciencesKeele UniversityKeeleST5 5BGUK
| | - Susan C. Barnett
- School of Infection and ImmunityUniversity of Glasgow120 University PlaceGlasgowG12 8TAUK
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Packer D, Fresenko EE, Harrington EP. Remyelination in animal models of multiple sclerosis: finding the elusive grail of regeneration. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1207007. [PMID: 37448959 PMCID: PMC10338073 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1207007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Remyelination biology and the therapeutic potential of restoring myelin sheaths to prevent neurodegeneration and disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) has made considerable gains over the past decade with many regeneration strategies undergoing tested in MS clinical trials. Animal models used to investigate oligodendroglial responses and regeneration of myelin vary considerably in the mechanism of demyelination, involvement of inflammatory cells, neurodegeneration and capacity for remyelination. The investigation of remyelination in the context of aging and an inflammatory environment are of considerable interest for the potential translation to progressive multiple sclerosis. Here we review how remyelination is assessed in mouse models of demyelination, differences and advantages of these models, therapeutic strategies that have emerged and current pro-remyelination clinical trials.
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Hu X, Xu W, Ren Y, Wang Z, He X, Huang R, Ma B, Zhao J, Zhu R, Cheng L. Spinal cord injury: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:245. [PMID: 37357239 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a severe condition with an extremely high disability rate. The challenges of SCI repair include its complex pathological mechanisms and the difficulties of neural regeneration in the central nervous system. In the past few decades, researchers have attempted to completely elucidate the pathological mechanism of SCI and identify effective strategies to promote axon regeneration and neural circuit remodeling, but the results have not been ideal. Recently, new pathological mechanisms of SCI, especially the interactions between immune and neural cell responses, have been revealed by single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptome analysis. With the development of bioactive materials and stem cells, more attention has been focused on forming intermediate neural networks to promote neural regeneration and neural circuit reconstruction than on promoting axonal regeneration in the corticospinal tract. Furthermore, technologies to control physical parameters such as electricity, magnetism and ultrasound have been constantly innovated and applied in neural cell fate regulation. Among these advanced novel strategies and technologies, stem cell therapy, biomaterial transplantation, and electromagnetic stimulation have entered into the stage of clinical trials, and some of them have already been applied in clinical treatment. In this review, we outline the overall epidemiology and pathophysiology of SCI, expound on the latest research progress related to neural regeneration and circuit reconstruction in detail, and propose future directions for SCI repair and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilong Ren
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolie He
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Runzhi Huang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Ma
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwei Zhao
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China.
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liming Cheng
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065, Shanghai, China.
- Clinical Center For Brain And Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China.
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Frazier AP, Mitchell DN, Given KS, Hunn G, Burch AM, Childs CR, Moreno-Garcia M, Corigilano MR, Quillinan N, Macklin WB, Herson PS, Dingman AL. Chronic changes in oligodendrocyte sub-populations after middle cerebral artery occlusion in neonatal mice. Glia 2023; 71:1429-1450. [PMID: 36794545 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal stroke is common and causes life-long motor and cognitive sequelae. Because neonates with stroke are not diagnosed until days-months after the injury, chronic targets for repair are needed. We evaluated oligodendrocyte maturity and myelination and assessed oligodendrocyte gene expression changes using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) at chronic timepoints in a mouse model of neonatal arterial ischemic stroke. Mice underwent 60 min of transient right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) on postnatal day 10 (p10) and received 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) on post-MCAO days 3-7 to label dividing cells. Animals were sacrificed 14 and 28-30 days post-MCAO for immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Oligodendrocytes were isolated from striatum 14 days post-MCAO for scRNA seq and differential gene expression analysis. The density of Olig2+ EdU+ cells was significantly increased in ipsilateral striatum 14 days post-MCAO and the majority of oligodendrocytes were immature. Density of Olig2+ EdU+ cells declined significantly between 14 and 28 days post-MCAO without a concurrent increase in mature Olig2+ EdU+ cells. By 28 days post-MCAO there were significantly fewer myelinated axons in ipsilateral striatum. scRNA seq identified a cluster of "disease associated oligodendrocytes (DOLs)" specific to the ischemic striatum, with increased expression of MHC class I genes. Gene ontology analysis suggested decreased enrichment of pathways involved in myelin production in the reactive cluster. Oligodendrocytes proliferate 3-7 days post-MCAO and persist at 14 days, but fail to mature by 28 days. MCAO induces a subset of oligodendrocytes with reactive phenotype, which may be a therapeutic target to promote white matter repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra P Frazier
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Danae N Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Katherine S Given
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Genevieve Hunn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Amelia M Burch
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christine R Childs
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Myriam Moreno-Garcia
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael R Corigilano
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andra L Dingman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Seeker LA, Bestard-Cuche N, Jäkel S, Kazakou NL, Bøstrand SMK, Wagstaff LJ, Cholewa-Waclaw J, Kilpatrick AM, Van Bruggen D, Kabbe M, Baldivia Pohl F, Moslehi Z, Henderson NC, Vallejos CA, La Manno G, Castelo-Branco G, Williams A. Brain matters: unveiling the distinct contributions of region, age, and sex to glia diversity and CNS function. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:84. [PMID: 37217978 PMCID: PMC10204264 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The myelinated white matter tracts of the central nervous system (CNS) are essential for fast transmission of electrical impulses and are often differentially affected in human neurodegenerative diseases across CNS region, age and sex. We hypothesize that this selective vulnerability is underpinned by physiological variation in white matter glia. Using single nucleus RNA sequencing of human post-mortem white matter samples from the brain, cerebellum and spinal cord and subsequent tissue-based validation we found substantial glial heterogeneity with tissue region: we identified region-specific oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that retain developmental origin markers into adulthood, distinguishing them from mouse OPCs. Region-specific OPCs give rise to similar oligodendrocyte populations, however spinal cord oligodendrocytes exhibit markers such as SKAP2 which are associated with increased myelin production and we found a spinal cord selective population particularly equipped for producing long and thick myelin sheaths based on the expression of genes/proteins such as HCN2. Spinal cord microglia exhibit a more activated phenotype compared to brain microglia, suggesting that the spinal cord is a more pro-inflammatory environment, a difference that intensifies with age. Astrocyte gene expression correlates strongly with CNS region, however, astrocytes do not show a more activated state with region or age. Across all glia, sex differences are subtle but the consistent increased expression of protein-folding genes in male donors hints at pathways that may contribute to sex differences in disease susceptibility. These findings are essential to consider for understanding selective CNS pathologies and developing tailored therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise A Seeker
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Nadine Bestard-Cuche
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sarah Jäkel
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum Der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Nina-Lydia Kazakou
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sunniva M K Bøstrand
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Laura J Wagstaff
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Justyna Cholewa-Waclaw
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Alastair M Kilpatrick
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - David Van Bruggen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mukund Kabbe
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabio Baldivia Pohl
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zahra Moslehi
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Systems Biology, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Catalina A Vallejos
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, 96 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Gioele La Manno
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Systems Biology, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Goncalo Castelo-Branco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Node, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Williams
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
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Bai X, Zhao N, Koupourtidou C, Fang LP, Schwarz V, Caudal LC, Zhao R, Hirrlinger J, Walz W, Bian S, Huang W, Ninkovic J, Kirchhoff F, Scheller A. In the mouse cortex, oligodendrocytes regain a plastic capacity, transforming into astrocytes after acute injury. Dev Cell 2023:S1534-5807(23)00192-2. [PMID: 37220747 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute brain injuries evoke various response cascades directing the formation of the glial scar. Here, we report that acute lesions associated with hemorrhagic injuries trigger a re-programming of oligodendrocytes. Single-cell RNA sequencing highlighted a subpopulation of oligodendrocytes activating astroglial genes after acute brain injuries. By using PLP-DsRed1/GFAP-EGFP and PLP-EGFPmem/GFAP-mRFP1 transgenic mice, we visualized this population of oligodendrocytes that we termed AO cells based on their concomitant activity of astro- and oligodendroglial genes. By fate mapping using PLP- and GFAP-split Cre complementation and repeated chronic in vivo imaging with two-photon laser-scanning microscopy, we observed the conversion of oligodendrocytes into astrocytes via the AO cell stage. Such conversion was promoted by local injection of IL-6 and was diminished by IL-6 receptor-neutralizing antibody as well as by inhibiting microglial activation with minocycline. In summary, our findings highlight the plastic potential of oligodendrocytes in acute brain trauma due to microglia-derived IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Na Zhao
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Christina Koupourtidou
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg-Munich, Germany
| | - Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Schwarz
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg-Munich, Germany
| | - Laura C Caudal
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Renping Zhao
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hirrlinger
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Walz
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Shan Bian
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China; Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Jovica Ninkovic
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg-Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Experimental Research Center for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anja Scheller
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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40
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Pieczonka K, Khazaei M, Fehlings MG. Promoting the Differentiation of Neural Progenitor Cells into Oligodendrocytes through the Induction of Olig2 Expression: A Transcriptomic Study Using RNA-seq Analysis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091252. [PMID: 37174652 PMCID: PMC10177465 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system that facilitate efficient signal transduction. The loss of these cells and the associated myelin sheath can lead to profound functional deficits. Moreover, oligodendrocytes also play key roles in mediating glial-neuronal interactions, which further speaks to their importance in health and disease. Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are a promising source of cells for the treatment of oligodendrocyte-related neurological diseases due to their ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types, including oligodendrocytes. However, the efficiency of oligodendrocyte differentiation is often low. In this study, we induced the expression of the Olig2 transcription factor in tripotent NPCs using a doxycycline-inducible promoter, such that the extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation could be carefully regulated. We characterized the differentiation profile and the transcriptome of these inducible oligodendrogenic NPCs (ioNPCs) using a combination of qRT-PCR, immunocytochemistry and RNA sequencing with gene ontology (GO) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Our results show that the ioNPCs differentiated into a significantly greater proportion of oligodendrocytes than the NPCs. The induction of Olig2 expression was also associated with the upregulation of genes involved in oligodendrocyte development and function, as well as the downregulation of genes involved in other cell lineages. The GO and GSEA analyses further corroborated the oligodendrocyte specification of the ioNPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pieczonka
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mohamad Khazaei
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Michael G Fehlings
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
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41
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Filipi T, Matusova Z, Abaffy P, Vanatko O, Tureckova J, Benesova S, Kubiskova M, Kirdajova D, Zahumensky J, Valihrach L, Anderova M. Cortical glia in SOD1(G93A) mice are subtly affected by ALS-like pathology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6538. [PMID: 37085528 PMCID: PMC10121704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of glia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is undeniable. Their disease-related activity has been extensively studied in the spinal cord, but only partly in the brain. We present herein a comprehensive study of glia in the cortex of SOD1(G93A) mice-a widely used model of ALS. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and immunohistochemistry, we inspected astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, in four stages of the disease, respecting the factor of sex. We report minimal changes of glia throughout the disease progression and regardless of sex. Pseudobulk and single-cell analyses revealed subtle disease-related transcriptional alterations at the end-stage in microglia and oligodendrocytes, which were supported by immunohistochemistry. Therefore, our data support the hypothesis that the SOD1(G93A) mouse cortex does not recapitulate the disease in patients, and we recommend the use of a different model for future studies of the cortical ALS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Filipi
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Matusova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Abaffy
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Vanatko
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Tureckova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Benesova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Informatics and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, 16628, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Kubiskova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Kirdajova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Zahumensky
- Department of Functional Organization of Biomembranes, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Valihrach
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslava Anderova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic.
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42
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Palhol JSC, Balia M, Sánchez-Román Terán F, Labarchède M, Gontier E, Battefeld A. Direct association with the vascular basement membrane is a frequent feature of myelinating oligodendrocytes in the neocortex. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:24. [PMID: 37013659 PMCID: PMC10069068 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oligodendrocyte lineage cells interact with the vasculature in the gray matter. Physical and functional interactions between blood vessels and oligodendrocyte precursor cells play an essential role in both the developing and adult brain. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells have been shown to migrate along the vasculature and subsequently detach from it during their differentiation to oligodendrocytes. However, the association of mature oligodendrocytes with blood vessels has been noted since the discovery of this glial cell type almost a century ago, but this interaction remains poorly explored. RESULTS Here, we systematically investigated the extent of mature oligodendrocyte interaction with the vasculature in mouse brain. We found that ~ 17% of oligodendrocytes were in contact with blood vessels in the neocortex, the hippocampal CA1 region and the cerebellar cortex. Contacts were made mainly with capillaries and sparsely with larger arterioles or venules. By combining light and serial electron microscopy, we demonstrated that oligodendrocytes are in direct contact with the vascular basement membrane, raising the possibility of direct signaling pathways and metabolite exchange with endothelial cells. During experimental remyelination in the adult, oligodendrocytes were regenerated and associated with blood vessels in the same proportion compared to control cortex, suggesting a homeostatic regulation of the vasculature-associated oligodendrocyte population. CONCLUSIONS Based on their frequent and close association with blood vessels, we propose that vasculature-associated oligodendrocytes should be considered as an integral part of the brain vasculature microenvironment. This particular location could underlie specific functions of vasculature-associated oligodendrocytes, while contributing to the vulnerability of mature oligodendrocytes in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine S C Palhol
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Maddalena Balia
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | | | | | - Etienne Gontier
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UAR 3420, US 4, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Arne Battefeld
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, F-33000, France.
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43
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Perez-Gianmarco L, Kurt B, Kukley M. Technical approaches and challenges to study AMPA receptors in oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Past, present, and future. Glia 2023; 71:819-847. [PMID: 36453615 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Receptors for α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPARs) are ligand-gated ionotropic receptors for glutamate that is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. AMPARs are located at postsynaptic sites of neuronal synapses where they mediate fast synaptic signaling and synaptic plasticity. Remarkably, AMPARs are also expressed by glial cells. Their expression by the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells is of special interest because AMPARs mediate fast synaptic communication between neurons and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), modulate proliferation and differentiation of OPCs, and may also be involved in regulation of myelination. On the other hand, during pathological conditions, AMPARs may mediate damage of the OL lineage cells. In the present review, we focus on the technical approaches that have been used to study AMPARs in the OL lineage cells, and discuss future perspectives of AMPAR research in these glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Perez-Gianmarco
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Glial Physiology, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Begüm Kurt
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Glial Physiology, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Maria Kukley
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Glial Physiology, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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44
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Suzzi S, Croese T, Ravid A, Gold O, Clark AR, Medina S, Kitsberg D, Adam M, Vernon KA, Kohnert E, Shapira I, Malitsky S, Itkin M, Brandis A, Mehlman T, Salame TM, Colaiuta SP, Cahalon L, Slyper M, Greka A, Habib N, Schwartz M. N-acetylneuraminic acid links immune exhaustion and accelerated memory deficit in diet-induced obese Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1293. [PMID: 36894557 PMCID: PMC9998639 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic immunity supports lifelong brain function. Obesity posits a chronic burden on systemic immunity. Independently, obesity was shown as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we show that high-fat obesogenic diet accelerated recognition-memory impairment in an AD mouse model (5xFAD). In obese 5xFAD mice, hippocampal cells displayed only minor diet-related transcriptional changes, whereas the splenic immune landscape exhibited aging-like CD4+ T-cell deregulation. Following plasma metabolite profiling, we identified free N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA), the predominant sialic acid, as the metabolite linking recognition-memory impairment to increased splenic immune-suppressive cells in mice. Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing revealed mouse visceral adipose macrophages as a potential source of NANA. In vitro, NANA reduced CD4+ T-cell proliferation, tested in both mouse and human. In vivo, NANA administration to standard diet-fed mice recapitulated high-fat diet effects on CD4+ T cells and accelerated recognition-memory impairment in 5xFAD mice. We suggest that obesity accelerates disease manifestation in a mouse model of AD via systemic immune exhaustion.
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Grants
- R01 DK095045 NIDDK NIH HHS
- R01 DK099465 NIDDK NIH HHS
- the Vera and John Schwartz Family Center for Metabolic Biology.
- the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants DK095045 and DK099465, the Cure Alzheimer’s Fund, the Chan Zuckerberg Foundation, and the Carlos Slim Foundation.
- the Israel Science Foundation (ISF) research grant no. 1709/19, the European Research Council grant 853409, the MOST-IL-China research grant no. 3-15687, and the Myers Foundation. N.H. holds the Goren-Khazzam chair in neuroscience.
- the Advanced European Research Council grants 232835 and 741744, the European Seventh Framework Program HEALTH-2011 (279017), the Israel Science Foundation (ISF)-research grant no. 991/16, the ISF-Legacy Heritage Bio-medical Science Partnership research grant no. 1354/15, and the Thompson Foundation and Adelis Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Suzzi
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Tommaso Croese
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adi Ravid
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Or Gold
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abbe R Clark
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sedi Medina
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniel Kitsberg
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Miriam Adam
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Katherine A Vernon
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva Kohnert
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Inbar Shapira
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexander Brandis
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tevie Mehlman
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tomer M Salame
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sarah P Colaiuta
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liora Cahalon
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Slyper
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna Greka
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Naomi Habib
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Michal Schwartz
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel.
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45
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Osorio MJ, Mariani JN, Zou L, Schanz SJ, Heffernan K, Cornwell A, Goldman SA. Glial progenitor cells of the adult human white and grey matter are contextually distinct. Glia 2023; 71:524-540. [PMID: 36334067 PMCID: PMC10100527 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Genomic analyses have revealed heterogeneity among glial progenitor cells (GPCs), but the compartment selectivity of human GPCs (hGPCs) is unclear. Here, we asked if GPCs of human grey and white brain matter are distinct in their architecture and associated gene expression. RNA profiling of NG2-defined hGPCs derived from adult human neocortex and white matter differed in their expression of genes involved in Wnt, NOTCH, BMP and TGFβ signaling, suggesting compartment-selective biases in fate and self-renewal. White matter hGPCs over-expressed the BMP antagonists BAMBI and CHRDL1, suggesting their tonic suppression of astrocytic fate relative to cortical hGPCs, whose relative enrichment of cytoskeletal genes presaged their greater morphological complexity. In human glial chimeric mice, cortical hGPCs assumed larger and more complex morphologies than white matter hGPCs, and both were more complex than their mouse counterparts. These findings suggest that human grey and white matter GPCs comprise context-specific pools with distinct functional biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Joana Osorio
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John N Mariani
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Lisa Zou
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Steven J Schanz
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Kate Heffernan
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Adam Cornwell
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Pan L, Trimarco A, Zhang AJ, Fujimori K, Urade Y, Sun LO, Taveggia C, Zhang Y. Oligodendrocyte-lineage cell exocytosis and L-type prostaglandin D synthase promote oligodendrocyte development and myelination. eLife 2023; 12:e77441. [PMID: 36779701 PMCID: PMC9946447 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the developing central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiate into oligodendrocytes, which form myelin around axons. Oligodendrocytes and myelin are essential for the function of the central nervous system, as evidenced by the severe neurological symptoms that arise in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis and leukodystrophy. Although many cell-intrinsic mechanisms that regulate oligodendrocyte development and myelination have been reported, it remains unclear whether interactions among oligodendrocyte-lineage cells (OPCs and oligodendrocytes) affect oligodendrocyte development and myelination. Here, we show that blocking vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) 1/2/3-dependent exocytosis from oligodendrocyte-lineage cells impairs oligodendrocyte development, myelination, and motor behavior in mice. Adding oligodendrocyte-lineage cell-secreted molecules to secretion-deficient OPC cultures partially restores the morphological maturation of oligodendrocytes. Moreover, we identified L-type prostaglandin D synthase as an oligodendrocyte-lineage cell-secreted protein that promotes oligodendrocyte development and myelination in vivo. These findings reveal a novel autocrine/paracrine loop model for the regulation of oligodendrocyte and myelin development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Pan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Amelia Trimarco
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS, San Raffaele HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Alice J Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Ko Fujimori
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- Hirono Satellite, Isotope Science Center, The University of TokyoFukushimaJapan
| | - Lu O Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUnited States
| | - Carla Taveggia
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS, San Raffaele HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
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Early growth response 2 in the mPFC regulates mouse social and cooperative behaviors. Lab Anim (NY) 2023; 52:37-50. [PMID: 36646797 DOI: 10.1038/s41684-022-01090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent social neglect impairs social performance, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we report that isolation rearing of juvenile mice caused cooperation defects that were rescued by immediate social reintroduction. We also identified the transcription factor early growth response 2 (Egr2) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as a major target of social isolation and resocialization. Isolation rearing increased corticosteroid production, which reduced the expression of Egr2 in the mPFC, including in oligodendrocytes. Overexpressing Egr2 ubiquitously in the mPFC, but not specifically in neurons nor in oligodendroglia, protected mice from the isolation rearing-induced cooperation defect. In addition to synapse integrity, Egr2 also regulated the development of oligodendroglia, specifically the transition from undifferentiated oligodendrocyte precursor cells to premyelinating oligodendrocytes. In conclusion, this study reveals the importance of mPFC Egr2 in the cooperative behavior that is modulated by social experience, and its unexpected role in oligodendrocyte development.
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48
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Wang JQ, Gao MY, Gao R, Zhao KH, Zhang Y, Li X. Oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Advances in development, disease, and heterogeneity. J Neurochem 2023; 164:468-480. [PMID: 36415921 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) originate in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the brain and spinal cord, and their primary function is to differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Studies have shown that OPCs and OLs are pathologically and physiologically heterogeneous. Previous transcriptome analyses used Bulk RNA-seq, which compares average gene expression in cells and does not allow for heterogeneity. In recent years, the development of single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell nuclear sequencing (snRNA-seq) has allowed us to study an individual cell. In this review, sc/snRNA-seq was used to study the different subpopulations of OL lineage cells, their developmental trajectories, and their applications in related diseases. These techniques can distinguish different subpopulations of cells, and identify differentially expressed genes in particular cell types under certain conditions, such as treatment or disease. It is of great significance to the study of the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Han Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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49
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Schuster KH, DiFranco DM, Putka AF, Mato JP, Jarrah SI, Stec NR, Sundararajan VO, McLoughlin HS. Disease-associated oligodendrocyte signatures are spatiotemporally dysregulated in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1118429. [PMID: 36875652 PMCID: PMC9975394 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1118429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the ATXN3 gene. Though the ATXN3 protein is expressed ubiquitously throughout the CNS, regional pathology in SCA3 patients is observed within select neuronal populations and more recently within oligodendrocyte-rich white matter tracts. We have previously recapitulated these white matter abnormalities in an overexpression mouse model of SCA3 and demonstrated that oligodendrocyte maturation impairments are one of the earliest and most progressive changes in SCA3 pathogenesis. Disease-associated oligodendrocyte signatures have recently emerged as significant contributors to several other neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease, but their role in regional vulnerability and disease progression remains unexplored. Here, we are the first to comparatively assess myelination in human tissue in a region-dependent manner. Translating these findings to SCA3 mouse models of disease, we confirmed endogenous expression of mutant Atxn3 leads to regional transcriptional dysregulation of oligodendrocyte maturation markers in Knock-In models of SCA3. We then investigated the spatiotemporal progression of mature oligodendrocyte transcriptional dysregulation in an overexpression SCA3 mouse model and how it relates to the onset of motor impairment. We further determined that regional reduction in mature oligodendrocyte cell counts in SCA3 mice over time parallels the onset and progression of brain atrophy in SCA3 patients. This work emphasizes the prospective contributions of disease-associated oligodendrocyte signatures to regional vulnerability and could inform timepoints and target regions imperative for biomarker assessment and therapeutic intervention in several neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen H Schuster
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Danielle M DiFranco
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Alexandra F Putka
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Juan P Mato
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sabrina I Jarrah
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nicholas R Stec
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Hayley S McLoughlin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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50
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Zhao Q, Zhu Y, Ren Y, Yin S, Yu L, Huang R, Song S, Hu X, Zhu R, Cheng L, Xie N. Neurogenesis potential of oligodendrocyte precursor cells from oligospheres and injured spinal cord. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1049562. [PMID: 36619671 PMCID: PMC9813964 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1049562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to long-lasting oligodendrocyte death and extensive demyelination in the lesion area. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are the reservoir of new mature oligodendrocytes during damaged myelin regeneration, which also have latent potential for neurogenic regeneration and oligospheres formation. Whether oligospheres derived OPCs can differentiate into neurons and the neurogenesis potential of OPCs after SCI remains unclear. In this study, primary OPCs cultures were used to generate oligospheres and detect the differentiation and neurogenesis potential of oligospheres. In vivo, SCI models of juvenile and adult mice were constructed. Combining the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), bioinformatics analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and molecular experiment, we investigated the neurogenesis potential and mechanisms of OPCs in vitro and vivo. We found that OPCs differentiation and oligodendrocyte morphology were significantly different between brain and spinal cord. Intriguingly, we identify a previously undescribed findings that OPCs were involved in oligospheres formation which could further differentiate into neuron-like cells. We also firstly detected the intermediate states of oligodendrocytes and neurons during oligospheres differentiation. Furthermore, we found that OPCs were significantly activated after SCI. Combining scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data from injured spinal cord, we confirmed the neurogenesis potential of OPCs and the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress after SCI. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress could effectively attenuate OPCs death. Additionally, we also found that endoplasmic reticulum may regulate the stemness and differentiation of oligospheres. These findings revealed the neurogenesis potential of OPCs from oligospheres and injured spinal cord, which may provide a new source and a potential target for spinal cord repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Simin Song
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Rongrong Zhu,
| | - Liming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Liming Cheng,
| | - Ning Xie
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Ning Xie,
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