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Shirai T, Okazaki S, Otsuka I, Miyachi M, Tanifuji T, Shindo R, Okada S, Minami H, Horai T, Mouri K, Hishimoto A. Accelerated epigenetic aging in alcohol dependence. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:175-182. [PMID: 38547739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence poses a global health threat associated with aging and reduced life expectancy. Recently, aging research through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation has gained attention. New epigenetic clocks have been developed; however, no study has investigated GrimAge components, GrimAge2 components and DunedinPACE in patients with alcohol dependence. In this study, we aimed to perform epigenetic clock analysis to evaluate epigenetic age acceleration and DNA methylation-based age-predictive components in patients with alcohol dependence and controls. We utilized publicly available DNA methylation data (GSE98876) for our analysis. Additionally, we compared the values of the same items before and after the patients underwent a treatment program. The dataset comprised 23 controls and 24 patients. We observed that DunedinPACE accelerated more in patients with alcohol dependence. AgeAccelGrim and AgeAccelGrim2 decelerated more after the treatment program than before, and beta-2-microglobulin and Cystatin C decreased after the treatment program than before. These findings are crucial as they affect the cranial nerve area, potentially contributing to cognitive dysfunction and psychiatric symptoms in patients with alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Shirai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masao Miyachi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaki Tanifuji
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryota Shindo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shohei Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Haruka Minami
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadasu Horai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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2
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Ori APS, Olde Loohuis LM, Guintivano J, Hannon E, Dempster E, St Clair D, Bass NJ, McQuillin A, Mill J, Sullivan PF, Kahn RS, Horvath S, Ophoff RA. Meta-analysis of epigenetic aging in schizophrenia reveals multifaceted relationships with age, sex, illness duration, and polygenic risk. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:53. [PMID: 38589929 PMCID: PMC11003125 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of biological age acceleration may help identify at-risk individuals and reduce the rising global burden of age-related diseases. Using DNA methylation (DNAm) clocks, we investigated biological aging in schizophrenia (SCZ), a mental illness that is associated with an increased prevalence of age-related disabilities and morbidities. In a whole blood DNAm sample of 1090 SCZ cases and 1206 controls across four European cohorts, we performed a meta-analysis of differential aging using three DNAm clocks (i.e., Hannum, Horvath, and Levine). To dissect how DNAm aging contributes to SCZ, we integrated information on duration of illness and SCZ polygenic risk, as well as stratified our analyses by chronological age and biological sex. RESULTS We found that blood-based DNAm aging is significantly altered in SCZ independent from duration of the illness since onset. We observed sex-specific and nonlinear age effects that differed between clocks and point to possible distinct age windows of altered aging in SCZ. Most notably, intrinsic cellular age (Horvath clock) is decelerated in SCZ cases in young adulthood, while phenotypic age (Levine clock) is accelerated in later adulthood compared to controls. Accelerated phenotypic aging was most pronounced in women with SCZ carrying a high polygenic burden with an age acceleration of + 3.82 years (CI 2.02-5.61, P = 1.1E-03). Phenotypic aging and SCZ polygenic risk contributed additively to the illness and together explained up to 14.38% of the variance in disease status. CONCLUSIONS Our study contributes to the growing body of evidence of altered DNAm aging in SCZ and points to intrinsic age deceleration in younger adulthood and phenotypic age acceleration in later adulthood in SCZ. Since increased phenotypic age is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, our findings indicate that specific and identifiable patient groups are at increased mortality risk as measured by the Levine clock. Our study did not find that DNAm aging could be explained by the duration of illness of patients, but we did observe age- and sex-specific effects that warrant further investigation. Finally, our results show that combining genetic and epigenetic predictors can improve predictions of disease outcomes and may help with disease management in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil P S Ori
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Gonda Center, Room 4357B, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-176, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Loes M Olde Loohuis
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Gonda Center, Room 4357B, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-176, USA
| | - Jerry Guintivano
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eilis Hannon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Emma Dempster
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David St Clair
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Nick J Bass
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rene S Kahn
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Gonda Center, Room 4357B, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-176, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Shindo R, Tanifuji T, Okazaki S, Otsuka I, Shirai T, Mouri K, Horai T, Hishimoto A. Accelerated epigenetic aging and decreased natural killer cells based on DNA methylation in patients with untreated major depressive disorder. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:19. [PMID: 37673891 PMCID: PMC10482893 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is known to cause significant disability. Genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles can be used to estimate biological aging and as epigenetic clocks. However, information on epigenetic clocks reported in MDD patients is inconsistent. Since antidepressants are likely confounders, we evaluated biological aging using various DNAm-based predictors in patients with MDD who had never received depression medication. A publicly available dataset consisting of whole blood samples from untreated MDD patients (n = 40) and controls (n = 40) was used. We analyzed five epigenetic clocks (HorvathAge, HannumAge, SkinBloodAge, PhenoAge, and GrimAge), DNAm-based telomere length (DNAmTL), and DNAm-based age-related plasma proteins (GrimAge components), as well as DNAm-based white blood cell composition. The results indicate that patients with untreated MDD were significantly associated with epigenetic aging acceleration in HannumAge and GrimAge. Furthermore, a decrease in natural killer cells, based on DNAm, was observed in patients with untreated MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Shindo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaki Tanifuji
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shirai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadasu Horai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Ben-Azu B, del Re EC, VanderZwaag J, Carrier M, Keshavan M, Khakpour M, Tremblay MÈ. Emerging epigenetic dynamics in gut-microglia brain axis: experimental and clinical implications for accelerated brain aging in schizophrenia. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1139357. [PMID: 37256150 PMCID: PMC10225712 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1139357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain aging, which involves a progressive loss of neuronal functions, has been reported to be premature in probands affected by schizophrenia (SCZ). Evidence shows that SCZ and accelerated aging are linked to changes in epigenetic clocks. Recent cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging analyses have uncovered reduced brain reserves and connectivity in patients with SCZ compared to typically aging individuals. These data may indicate early abnormalities of neuronal function following cyto-architectural alterations in SCZ. The current mechanistic knowledge on brain aging, epigenetic changes, and their neuropsychiatric disease association remains incomplete. With this review, we explore and summarize evidence that the dynamics of gut-resident bacteria can modulate molecular brain function and contribute to age-related neurodegenerative disorders. It is known that environmental factors such as mode of birth, dietary habits, stress, pollution, and infections can modulate the microbiota system to regulate intrinsic neuronal activity and brain reserves through the vagus nerve and enteric nervous system. Microbiota-derived molecules can trigger continuous activation of the microglial sensome, groups of receptors and proteins that permit microglia to remodel the brain neurochemistry based on complex environmental activities. This remodeling causes aberrant brain plasticity as early as fetal developmental stages, and after the onset of first-episode psychosis. In the central nervous system, microglia, the resident immune surveillance cells, are involved in neurogenesis, phagocytosis of synapses and neurological dysfunction. Here, we review recent emerging experimental and clinical evidence regarding the gut-brain microglia axis involvement in SCZ pathology and etiology, the hypothesis of brain reserve and accelerated aging induced by dietary habits, stress, pollution, infections, and other factors. We also include in our review the possibilities and consequences of gut dysbiosis activities on microglial function and dysfunction, together with the effects of antipsychotics on the gut microbiome: therapeutic and adverse effects, role of fecal microbiota transplant and psychobiotics on microglial sensomes, brain reserves and SCZ-derived accelerated aging. We end the review with suggestions that may be applicable to the clinical setting. For example, we propose that psychobiotics might contribute to antipsychotic-induced therapeutic benefits or adverse effects, as well as reduce the aging process through the gut-brain microglia axis. Overall, we hope that this review will help increase the understanding of SCZ pathogenesis as related to chronobiology and the gut microbiome, as well as reveal new concepts that will serve as novel treatment targets for SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benneth Ben-Azu
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Elisabetta C. del Re
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA, United States
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jared VanderZwaag
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Micaël Carrier
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Matcheri Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health (IALH), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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5
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Segura AG, de la Serna E, Sugranyes G, Baeza I, Valli I, Díaz-Caneja C, Martín N, Moreno DM, Gassó P, Rodriguez N, Mas S, Castro-Fornieles J. Epigenetic age deacceleration in youth at familial risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:155. [PMID: 37156786 PMCID: PMC10167217 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications occur sequentially during the lifespan, but their pace can be altered by external stimuli. The onset of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is critically modulated by stressors that may alter the epigenetic pattern, a putative signature marker of exposure to environmental risk factors. In this study, we estimated the age-related epigenetic modifications to assess the differences between young individuals at familial high risk (FHR) and controls and their association with environmental stressors. The sample included 117 individuals (6-17 years) at FHR (45%) and a control group (55%). Blood and saliva samples were used estimate the epigenetic age with six epigenetic clocks through methylation data. Environmental risk was measured with obstetric complications, socioeconomic statuses and recent stressful life events data. Epigenetic age was correlated with chronological age. FHR individuals showed epigenetic age deacceleration of Horvath and Hannum epigenetic clocks compared to controls. No effect of the environmental risk factors on the epigenetic age acceleration could be detected. Epigenetic age acceleration adjusted by cell counts showed that the FHR group was deaccelerated also with the PedBE epigenetic clock. Epigenetic age asynchronicities were found in the young at high risk, suggesting that offspring of affected parents follow a slower pace of biological aging than the control group. It still remains unclear which environmental stressors orchestrate the changes in the methylation pattern. Further studies are needed to better characterize the molecular impact of environmental stressors before illness onset, which could be critical in the development of tools for personalized psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex G Segura
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena de la Serna
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Baeza
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Valli
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Covadonga Díaz-Caneja
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Martín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores M Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Adolescent Inpatient Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Psychiatry Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodriguez
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Li Z, Zong X, Li D, He Y, Tang J, Hu M, Chen X. Epigenetic clock analysis of blood samples in drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia patients. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:45. [PMID: 36650462 PMCID: PMC9843886 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe and chronic psychiatric disorder with premature age-related physiological changes. However, numerous previous studies examined the epigenetic age acceleration in SCZ patients and yielded inconclusive results. In this study, we propose to explore the epigenetic age acceleration in drug-naive first-episode SCZ (FSCZ) patients and investigate whether epigenetic age acceleration is associated with antipsychotic treatment, psychotic symptoms, cognition, and subcortical volumes. METHODS We assessed the epigenetic age in 38 drug-naive FSCZ patients and 38 healthy controls by using three independent clocks, including Horvath, Hannum and Levine algorithms. The epigenetic age measurements in SCZ patients were repeated after receiving 8 weeks risperidone monotherapy. RESULTS Our findings showed significantly positive correlations between epigenetic ages assessed by three clocks and chronological age in both FSCZ patients and healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, drug-naive FSCZ patients have a significant epigenetic age deceleration in Horvath clock (p = 0.01), but not in Hannum clock (p = 0.07) and Levine clock (p = 0.43). The epigenetic ages of Hannum clock (p = 0.002) and Levine clock (p = 0.01) were significantly accelerated in SCZ patients after 8-week risperidone treatment. However, no significant associations between epigenetic age acceleration and psychotic symptoms, cognitive function, as well as subcortical volumes were observed in FSCZ patients. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that distinct epigenetic clocks are sensitive to different aspects of aging process. Further investigations with comprehensive epigenetic clock analyses and large samples are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongchang Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011 P. R. China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders & Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofen Zong
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - David Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011 P. R. China
| | - Ying He
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011 P. R. China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders & Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Maolin Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China. .,China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders & Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China.
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7
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Segura ÀG, Prohens L, Mezquida G, Amoretti S, Bioque M, Ribeiro M, Gurriarán-Bas X, Rementería L, Berge D, Rodriguez-Jimenez R, Roldán A, Pomarol-Clotet E, Ibáñez A, Usall J, García-Portilla MP, Cuesta MJ, Parellada M, González-Pinto A, Berrocoso E, Bernardo M, Mas S, González-Díaz JM, Arbelo N, González-Peñas J, Pina-Camacho L, Diestre A, Selma J, Zorrilla I, López P, Trabsa A, Monserrat C, Sanchez-Pastor L, Nuñez-Doyle A, Fatjó-Vilas M, Sarró S, Butjosa A, Pardo M, López-Ilundain JM, Sánchez Torres AM, Saiz-Ruiz J, Ochoa-Mangado E, RIevero O, De-la-Cámara C, Echevarría RS, González-Blanco L. Epigenetic clocks in relapse after a first episode of schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA 2022; 8:61. [PMID: 35869075 PMCID: PMC9307769 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to investigate the association between several epigenetic clocks, covering different aspects of aging, with schizophrenia relapse evaluated over a 3-year follow-up period in a cohort of ninety-one first-episode schizophrenia patients. Genome-wide DNA methylation was profiled and four epigenetic clocks, including epigenetic clocks of chronological age, mortality and telomere length were calculated. Patients that relapsed during the follow-up showed epigenetic acceleration of the telomere length clock (p = 0.030). Shorter telomere length was associated with cognitive performance (working memory, r = 0.31 p = 0.015; verbal fluency, r = 0.28 p = 0.028), but no direct effect of cognitive function or symptom severity on relapse was detected. The results of the present study suggest that epigenetic age acceleration could be involved in the clinical course of schizophrenia and could be a useful marker of relapse when measured in remission stages.
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8
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Okazaki S, Kimura R, Otsuka I, Tomiwa K, Funabiki Y, Hagiwara M, Murai T, Hishimoto A. Epigenetic aging in Williams syndrome. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:1553-1562. [PMID: 35416284 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion at the 7q11.23 region and is characterized by diverse symptoms encompassing physical and cognitive features. WS was reported to be associated to altered DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns. However, due to the limited information from long-term studies, it remains unclear whether WS accelerates aging. Genome-wide DNAm profiles can serve as "epigenetic clocks" to help estimate biological aging along with age-related markers, such as plasma proteins and telomere length. METHODS We investigated GrimAge, DNAm-based telomere length (DNAmTL), and other epigenetic clocks in blood samples of 32 patients with WS and 32 healthy controls. RESULTS We observed a significant acceleration in GrimAge, DNAmTL, and other epigenetic clocks in patients with WS as compared with those of controls. In addition, several GrimAge components, such as adrenomedullin, growth differentiation factor-15, leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, were altered in patients with WS. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence supporting the hypothesis that WS may be associated to accelerated biological aging. A better understanding of the overall underlying biological effects of WS can provide new foundations for improved patient care; thus, long-term follow-up studies are still warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryo Kimura
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Yasuko Funabiki
- Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hagiwara
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiya Murai
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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9
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Takemura Y, Tanifuji T, Okazaki S, Shinko Y, Otsuka I, Horai T, Shirai T, Aso K, Yamamoto N, Hishimoto A. Epigenetic clock analysis in methamphetamine dependence. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114901. [PMID: 36244160 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) is used worldwide and causes serious public health and social problems. MA affects the central nervous, cardiac, and immune systems, which causes neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases and infection. Epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation (DNAm), are associated with various clinical phenotypes of MA abuse. DNAm is related to biological aging and health risks; hence, we aimed to assess the changes in biological aging in MA dependence using the DNAm age and DNA methylation-based telomere length (DNAmTL). We used five measures of DNAm age (HorvathAge, HannumAge, SkinBloodAge, PhenoAge, and GrimAge), DNAmTL, and DNAm-based age-predictive factors (plasma proteins and blood cell composition). We compared patients with MA dependence and healthy controls (n = 24 each) using the DNAm profiles obtained from whole-blood samples. Patients with MA dependence showed significant acceleration in PhenoAge and GrimAge, as well as a trend for significant acceleration in DNAmTL. Following adjustment for confounding factors, MA dependence was significantly associated with accelerations in PhenoAge, GrimAge, and DNAmTL, as well as alterations in DNAm-based age-predictive factors (beta-2-microglobulin, granulocytes, and naive cluster of differentiation 4+ T cells). Our results suggested an acceleration of biological aging and specific changes in the DNAm of age- predictive factors in MA dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Takemura
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Fukko-kai Tarumi Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaki Tanifuji
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Shinko
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tadasu Horai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shirai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Katsuro Aso
- Department of Psychiatry, Fukko-kai Tarumi Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriya Yamamoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Fukko-kai Tarumi Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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10
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Jeremian R, Malinowski A, Chaudhary Z, Srivastava A, Qian J, Zai C, Adanty C, Fischer CE, Burhan AM, Kennedy JL, Borlido C, Gerretsen P, Graff A, Remington G, Vincent JB, Strauss JS, De Luca V. Epigenetic age dysregulation in individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2022; 315:114689. [PMID: 35849977 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) are debilitating disorders that are associated with significant burden and reduced quality of life. In this study, we leveraged microarray data derived from both the Illumina HumanMethylation450 platform to investigate the epigenetic age of individuals with SCZ (n = 40), BD (n = 40), and healthy controls (n = 38), across five epigenetic clocks. Various statistical metrics were used to identify discrepancies between epigenetic and chronological age across the three groups. We observed a significant increase in epigenetic age compared to chronological age in the BD group. Mean epigenetic age acceleration was also higher in individuals with bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls across four different epigenetic clocks (p<0.05). Despite the study's relatively small sample size, these findings suggest that both individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia may have epigenetic markers associated with a premature aging phenotype, which could be suggestive of negative outcomes associated with the disease. In our future studies, we hope to elucidate this finding further by elucidating the precise link between epigenetic age, symptomatology and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zanib Chaudhary
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jessica Qian
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Clement Zai
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | - James L Kennedy
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Carol Borlido
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Ariel Graff
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - John B Vincent
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - John S Strauss
- Nanaimo Regional General Hospital, Vancouver Island Health Authority, British Columbia
| | - Vincenzo De Luca
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada; St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
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11
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Chrusciel JH, Orso R, de Mattos BP, Fries GR, Kristensen CH, Grassi-Oliveira R, Viola TW. A systematic review and meta-analysis of epigenetic clocks in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2022; 246:172-174. [PMID: 35780750 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with accelerated biological aging. DNA methylation can be used as an indicator of biological aging by means of epigenetic clock estimates. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the association between SZ and different epigenetic clocks. METHODS Search terms were applied in different databases: Embase, MEDLINE (EBSCO), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, PsychINFO and Web of Science. To assess for risk of bias we utilized an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted using the random effects model and meta-regressions were used to assess factors associated with heterogeneity. RESULTS Eight studies were included (Controls, n = 3394; SZ subjects, n = 3096), which analyzed five different epigenetic clocks. Overall meta-analysis revealed no significant differences between SZ and controls on epigenetic aging (Standardized Mean Difference - SMD = -0.21; p = 0.13). However, epigenetic clock method was a significant moderator of heterogeneity (p = 0.004). Using Horvath's clock as reference, higher SMD's were found for PhenoAge and Intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA) clocks. In a stratified meta-analysis restricted to the two clocks mentioned above, a significant accelerating effect was found in patients with SZ when compared to controls (SMD = 0.29; p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the method of epigenetic clocks is a critical factor associated with estimates of aging acceleration in SZ. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings and in order to evaluate a possible minor effect in overall analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Henrique Chrusciel
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Orso
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Paim de Mattos
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriel R Fries
- Louis A. Faillace, MD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian Haag Kristensen
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thiago Wendt Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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12
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Li L, Zhang C, Liu S, Guan H, Zhang Y. Age Prediction by DNA Methylation in Neural Networks. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 19:1393-1402. [PMID: 34048347 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2021.3084596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aging is traditionally thought to be caused by complex and interacting factors such as DNA methylation. The traditional formula of DNA methylation aging is based on linear models and little work has explored the effectiveness of neural networks, which can learn non-linear relationships. DNA methylation data typically consists of hundreds of thousands of feature space and a much less number of biological samples. This leads to overfitting and a poor generalization of neural networks. We propose Correlation Pre-Filtered Neural Network (CPFNN) that uses Spearman Correlation to pre-filter the input features before feeding them into neural networks. We compare CPFNN with the statistical regressions (i.e., Horvath's and Hannum's formulas), the neural networks with LASSO regularization and elastic net regularization, and the Dropout Neural Networks. CPFNN outperforms these models by at least 1 year in term of Mean Absolute Error (MAE), with a MAE of 2.7 years. We also test for association between the epigenetic age with Schizophrenia and Down Syndrome ( p=0.024 and , respectively). We discover that for a large number of candidate features, such as genome-wide DNA methylation data, a key factor in improving prediction accuracy is to appropriately weight features that are highly correlated with the outcome of interest.
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13
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Okazaki S, Kimura R, Otsuka I, Funabiki Y, Murai T, Hishimoto A. Epigenetic clock analysis and increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263478. [PMID: 35113965 PMCID: PMC8812940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impaired social communication and behavioral problems. An increased risk of premature mortality has been observed in individuals with ASD. Therefore, we hypothesized that biological aging is accelerated in individuals with ASD. Recently, several studies have established genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles as ‘epigenetic clocks’ that can estimate biological aging. In addition, ASD has been associated with differential DNAm patterns. Methods We used two independent datasets from blood samples consisting of adult patients with high-functioning ASD and controls: the 1st cohort (38 ASD cases and 31 controls) and the 2nd cohort (6 ASD cases and 10 controls). We explored well-studied epigenetic clocks such as HorvathAge, HannumAge, SkinBloodAge, PhenoAge, GrimAge, and DNAm-based telomere length (DNAmTL). In addition, we investigated seven DNAm-based age-related plasma proteins, including plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and smoking status, which are the components of GrimAge. Results Compared to controls, individuals with ASD in the 1st cohort, but not in the 2nd cohort, exhibited a trend for increased GrimAge acceleration and a significant increase of PAI-1 levels. A meta-analysis showed significantly increased PAI-1 levels in individuals with ASD compared to controls. Conclusion Our findings suggest there is no epigenetic age acceleration in the blood of individuals with ASD. However, this study provides novel evidence regarding increased plasma PAI-1 levels in individuals with high-functioning ASD. These findings suggest PAI-1 may be a biomarker for high-functioning ASD, however, larger studies based on epigenetic clocks and PAI-1 will be necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryo Kimura
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuko Funabiki
- Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiya Murai
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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14
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Shinko Y, Okazaki S, Otsuka I, Horai T, Kim S, Tanifuji T, Hishimoto A. Accelerated epigenetic age and shortened telomere length based on DNA methylation in Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e1876. [PMID: 35092358 PMCID: PMC8922957 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (NCBRS) is a rare disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental delays, seizures, and diverse physical characteristics. The DNA methylation (DNAm) profile in NCBRS is significantly different. DNAm is linked to the biological aging of cells and the health risks associated with biological aging. In this study, we examined changes in biological ages in NCBRS to provide insights into the prognosis and health risks of NCBRS. METHODS We used a publicly available dataset to examine biological aging in NCBRS using DNAm-based epigenetic ages, such as PhenoAge and GrimAge, as well as DNAm-based estimator of telomere length (DNAmTL). We investigated 12 cases, clinically diagnosed as NCBRS, and 27 controls. RESULTS Compared to controls, NCBRS cases exhibited significantly accelerated PhenoAge and GrimAge as well as significantly shortened DNAmTL. CONCLUSION These results suggest an acceleration of biological aging in NCBRS and provide insights into the prognosis and health risks of NCBRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Shinko
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadasu Horai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Saehyeon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaki Tanifuji
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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15
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Pérez-Aldana BE, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Mayén-Lobo YG, Dávila-Ortiz de Montellano DJ, Aviña-Cervantes CL, Ortega-Vázquez A, Genis-Mendoza AD, Sarmiento E, Soto-Reyes E, Juárez-Rojop IE, Tovilla-Zarate CA, González-Castro TB, Nicolini H, López-López M, Monroy-Jaramillo N. Clozapine Long-Term Treatment Might Reduce Epigenetic Age Through Hypomethylation of Longevity Regulatory Pathways Genes. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:870656. [PMID: 35664466 PMCID: PMC9157596 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.870656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term studies have shown significantly lower mortality rates in patients with continuous clozapine (CLZ) treatment than other antipsychotics. We aimed to evaluate epigenetic age and DNA methylome differences between CLZ-treated patients and those without psychopharmacological treatment. The DNA methylome was analyzed using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip in 31 CLZ-treated patients with psychotic disorders and 56 patients with psychiatric disorders naive to psychopharmacological treatment. Delta age (Δage) was calculated as the difference between predicted epigenetic age and chronological age. CLZ-treated patients were stratified by sex, age, and years of treatment. Differential methylation sites between both groups were determined using linear regression models. The Δage in CLZ-treated patients was on average lower compared with drug-naive patients for the three clocks analyzed; however, after data-stratification, this difference remained only in male patients. Additional differences were observed in Hannum and Horvath clocks when comparing chronological age and years of CLZ treatment. We identified 44,716 differentially methylated sites, of which 87.7% were hypomethylated in CLZ-treated patients, and enriched in the longevity pathway genes. Moreover, by protein-protein interaction, AMPK and insulin signaling pathways were found enriched. CLZ could promote a lower Δage in individuals with long-term treatment and modify the DNA methylome of the longevity-regulating pathways genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yerye Gibrán Mayén-Lobo
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Luis Aviña-Cervantes
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Ortega-Vázquez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Sarmiento
- Dirección General, Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N Navarro, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Soto-Reyes
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | | | - Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico.,Grupo de Estudios Médicos y Familiares Carracci, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marisol López-López
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Aging biological markers in a cohort of antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis patients. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 132:105350. [PMID: 34271521 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe and multifactorial disorder with an unknown causative pathophysiology. Abnormalities in neurodevelopmental and aging processes have been reported. Relative telomere length (RTL) and DNA methylation age (DMA), well-known biomarkers for estimating biological age, are both commonly altered in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. However, few studies investigated these aging biomarkers in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and in antipsychotic-naïve patients. To cover the existing gap regarding DMA and RTL in FEP and antipsychotic treatment, we aimed to verify whether those aging markers could be associated with psychosis and treatment response. Thus, we evaluated these measures in the blood of FEP antipsychotic-naïve patients and healthy controls (HC), as well as the response to antipsychotics after 10 weeks of treatment with risperidone. RTL was measured in 392 subjects, being 80 FEP and 312 HC using qPCR, while DMA was analyzed in a subset of 60 HC, 60 FEP patients (antipsychotic-naïve) and 59 FEP-10W (after treatment) using the "Multi-tissue Predictor"and the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip Kit. We observed diminished DMA and longer RTL in FEP patients before treatment compared to healthy controls, indicating a decelerated aging process in those patients. We found no statistical difference between responder and non-responder patients at baseline for both markers. An increased DMA was observed in patients after 10 weeks of treatment, however, after adjusting for blood cell composition, no significant association remained. Our findings indicate a decelerated aging process in the early phases of the disease.
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17
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Jeong SH, Kim YS. Challenges in Prescribing Clozapine in the Era of COVID-19: A Review Focused on Immunological Implications. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 19:411-422. [PMID: 34294611 PMCID: PMC8316651 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2021.19.3.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted every aspect of the healthcare system. Apart from the issues surrounding COVID-19 itself, care for existing patients has met many challenges. One such challenge is caring for patients who are on clozapine treatment and have been confirmed positive for COVID-19. Schizophrenia has been considered to have a deep connection with the immune system, and clozapine can induce further changes in this system. COVID-19 can ravage the compromised immune system and aggravate tissue damage. The intricate relations between schizophrenia, clozapine, and COVID-19 make it difficult to predict the clinical course of COVID-19 in clozapine-treated patients. However, the rigid prohibition on using clozapine if COVID-19 is confirmed may harm patients. Patients who have to use clozapine are often refractory cases with no alternatives. Therefore, the decision to maintain or stop clozapine must be made after a comprehensive review of the patient’s unique situation. To do this, theoretical and practical issues surrounding the use of clozapine in COVID-19 should be reviewed and discussed. In this review, we gather useful information surrounding this issue and present an overview. Focusing on the immune system, various theoretical possibilities that could arise from schizophrenia, clozapine, and COVID-19 were carefully examined, and practical checklists for the care of these patients were explored. It is hoped that this review will convince many clinicians to pay attention to this momentous issue and facilitate more active sharing of clinical experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hoon Jeong
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Sik Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
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18
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Noroozi R, Ghafouri-Fard S, Pisarek A, Rudnicka J, Spólnicka M, Branicki W, Taheri M, Pośpiech E. DNA methylation-based age clocks: From age prediction to age reversion. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 68:101314. [PMID: 33684551 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging as an irretrievable occurrence throughout the entire life is characterized by a progressive decline in physiological functionality and enhanced disease vulnerability. Numerous studies have demonstrated that epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation (DNAm), correlate with aging and age-related diseases. Several investigations have attempted to predict chronological age using the age-related alterations in the DNAm of certain CpG sites. Here we categorize different studies that tracked the aging process in the DNAm landscape to show how epigenetic age clocks evolved from a chronological age estimator to an indicator of lifespan and healthspan. We also describe the health and disease predictive potential of estimated epigenetic age acceleration regarding different clinical conditions and lifestyle factors. Considering the revealed age-related epigenetic changes, the recent age-reprogramming strategies are discussed which are promising methods for resetting the aging clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Noroozi
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aleksandra Pisarek
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Rudnicka
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ewelina Pośpiech
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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19
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Teeuw J, Ori APS, Brouwer RM, de Zwarte SMC, Schnack HG, Hulshoff Pol HE, Ophoff RA. Accelerated aging in the brain, epigenetic aging in blood, and polygenic risk for schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2021; 231:189-197. [PMID: 33882370 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia patients show signs of accelerated aging in cognitive and physiological domains. Both schizophrenia and accelerated aging, as measured by MRI brain images and epigenetic clocks, are correlated with increased mortality. However, the association between these aging measures have not yet been studied in schizophrenia patients. In schizophrenia patients and healthy subjects, accelerated aging was assessed in brain tissue using a longitudinal MRI (N = 715 scans; mean scan interval 3.4 year) and in blood using two epigenetic age clocks (N = 172). Differences ('gaps') between estimated ages and chronological ages were calculated, as well as the acceleration rate of brain aging. The correlations between these aging measures as well as with polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia (PRS; N = 394) were investigated. Brain aging and epigenetic aging were not significantly correlated. Polygenic risk for schizophrenia was significantly correlated with brain age gap, brain age acceleration rate, and negatively correlated with DNAmAge gap, but not with PhenoAge gap. However, after controlling for disease status and multiple comparisons correction, these effects were no longer significant. Our results imply that the (accelerated) aging observed in the brain and blood reflect distinct biological processes. Our findings will require replication in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalmar Teeuw
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Anil P S Ori
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Rachel M Brouwer
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sonja M C de Zwarte
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hugo G Schnack
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Dada O, Adanty C, Dai N, Jeremian R, Alli S, Gerretsen P, Graff A, Strauss J, De Luca V. Biological aging in schizophrenia and psychosis severity: DNA methylation analysis. Psychiatry Res 2021; 296:113646. [PMID: 33444986 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The physiological changes associated with normal aging are known to occur earlier in individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ). One of the phenomena linked with normal aging is the change in patterns of epigenetic modifications. We recruited 138 individuals with SCZ spectrum disorders and extracted DNA from white blood cells. The combinations of pre-selected DNA methylation sites were utilized to estimate the 'methylation age' (DNAm age) and evaluate evidence of epigenetic age acceleration. We investigated the correlation between the epigenetic age acceleration measures and psychosis severity; furthermore, we estimated blood cell counts based on DNA methylation levels. The extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration showed a significant correlation with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) disorganization subscale(r=0.222, p=0.039).Both Horvath age acceleration and Hannum age acceleration showed a significant correlation (r=0.221, p=0.029; r=0.242, p=0.017 respectively) with the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) psychotic domain. Overall, this study shows some evidence of epigenetic age acceleration associated with psychosis severity using two different algorithms for DNAm age analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwagbenga Dada
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher Adanty
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nasia Dai
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Richie Jeremian
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sauliha Alli
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Strauss
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vincenzo De Luca
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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21
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Okazaki S, Otsuka I, Shinko Y, Horai T, Hirata T, Yamaki N, Sora I, Hishimoto A. Epigenetic Clock Analysis in Children With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:329-337. [PMID: 33296097 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is characterized by severe clinical impairment, considerable social burden, and high mortality and morbidity, which are due to various malformations, sepsis, and cancer. As >50% of deaths from FASD occur during the first year of life, we hypothesized that there is the acceleration of biological aging in FASD. Several recent studies have established genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles as "epigenetic clocks" that can estimate biological aging, and FASD has been associated with differential DNAm patterns. Therefore, we tested this hypothesis using epigenetic clocks. METHODS We investigated 5 DNAm-based measures of epigenetic age (HorvathAge, HannumAge, SkinBloodAge, PhenoAge, and GrimAge) and telomere length (DNAmTL) using 4 independent publicly available DNAm datasets; 2 datasets were derived from buccal epithelium, and the other 2 datasets were derived from peripheral blood. RESULTS Compared with controls, children with FASD exhibited an acceleration of GrimAge in 1 buccal and 2 blood datasets. No significant difference was found in other DNAm ages and DNAmTL. Meta-analyses showed a significant acceleration of GrimAge in the blood samples but not in the buccal samples. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence regarding accelerated epigenetic aging in children with FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okazaki
- From, Department of Psychiatry, (SO, IO, YS, THo, THi, NY, IS, AH), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- From, Department of Psychiatry, (SO, IO, YS, THo, THi, NY, IS, AH), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shinko
- From, Department of Psychiatry, (SO, IO, YS, THo, THi, NY, IS, AH), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadasu Horai
- From, Department of Psychiatry, (SO, IO, YS, THo, THi, NY, IS, AH), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirata
- From, Department of Psychiatry, (SO, IO, YS, THo, THi, NY, IS, AH), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naruhisa Yamaki
- From, Department of Psychiatry, (SO, IO, YS, THo, THi, NY, IS, AH), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sora
- From, Department of Psychiatry, (SO, IO, YS, THo, THi, NY, IS, AH), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- From, Department of Psychiatry, (SO, IO, YS, THo, THi, NY, IS, AH), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, (AH), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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22
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Abstract
Schizophrenia is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder with abnormal age-related neurodevelopmental (or neurodegenerative) trajectories. Although an accelerated aging hypothesis of schizophrenia has been proposed, the quantitative study of the disruption of the physiological trajectory caused by schizophrenia is inconclusive. In this study, we employed 3 "epigenetic clock" methods to quantify the epigenetic age of a large sample size of whole blood (1069 samples from patients with schizophrenia vs 1264 samples from unaffected controls) and brain tissues (500 samples from patients with schizophrenia vs 711 samples from unaffected controls). We observed significant positive correlations between epigenetic age and chronological age in both blood and brain tissues from unaffected controls and patients with schizophrenia, as estimated by 3 methods. Furthermore, we observed that epigenetic age acceleration was significantly delayed in schizophrenia from the whole blood samples (aged 20-90 years) and brain frontal cortex tissues (aged 20-39 years). Intriguingly, the genes regulated by the epigenetic clock also contained schizophrenia-associated genes, displaying differential expression and methylation in patients with schizophrenia and involving in the regulation of cell activation and development. These findings were further supported by the dysregulated leukocyte composition in patients with schizophrenia. Our study presents quantitative evidence for a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia from the perspective of a skewed "epigenetic clock." Moreover, landmark changes in an easily accessible biological sample, blood, reveal the value of these epigenetic clock genes as peripheral biomarkers for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Technology and Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Human Genetic Diseases, and Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Genetic Testing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junping; Ye
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Technology and Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Human Genetic Diseases, and Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Genetic Testing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongju Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Technology and Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Human Genetic Diseases, and Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Genetic Testing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cunyou Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Technology and Engineering Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Human Genetic Diseases, and Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Genetic Testing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; tel: (8620)-62789519, fax: (8620)-62789519, e-mail:
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23
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Higgins-Chen AT, Boks MP, Vinkers CH, Kahn RS, Levine ME. Schizophrenia and Epigenetic Aging Biomarkers: Increased Mortality, Reduced Cancer Risk, and Unique Clozapine Effects. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:224-235. [PMID: 32199607 PMCID: PMC7368835 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with increased all-cause mortality, smoking, and age-associated proteins, yet multiple previous studies found no association between SZ and biological age using Horvath's epigenetic clock, a well-established aging biomarker based on DNA methylation. However, numerous epigenetic clocks that may capture distinct aspects of aging have been developed. This study tested the hypothesis that altered aging in SZ manifests in these other clocks. METHODS We performed a comprehensive analysis of 14 epigenetic clocks categorized according to what they were trained to predict: chronological age, mortality, mitotic divisions, or telomere length. To understand the etiology of biological age differences, we also examined DNA methylation predictors of smoking, alcohol, body mass index, serum proteins, and cell proportions. We independently analyzed 3 publicly available multiethnic DNA methylation data sets from whole blood, a total of 567 SZ cases and 594 nonpsychiatric controls. RESULTS All data sets showed accelerations in SZ for the 3 mortality clocks up to 5 years, driven by smoking and elevated levels of 6 age-associated proteins. The 2 mitotic clocks were decelerated in SZ related to antitumor natural killer and CD8T cells, which may help explain conflicting reports about low cancer rates in epidemiological studies of SZ. One cohort with available medication data showed that clozapine is associated with male-specific decelerations up to 7 years in multiple chronological age clocks. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the utility of studying the various epigenetic clocks in tandem and highlights potential mechanisms by which mental illness influences long-term outcomes, including cancer and early mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert T Higgins-Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Marco P Boks
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christiaan H Vinkers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Morgan E Levine
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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24
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Okazaki S, Numata S, Otsuka I, Horai T, Kinoshita M, Sora I, Ohmori T, Hishimoto A. Decelerated epigenetic aging associated with mood stabilizers in the blood of patients with bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:129. [PMID: 32366819 PMCID: PMC7198548 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is high mortality among patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Studies have reported accelerated biological aging in patients with BD. Recently, Horvath and Hannum et al. independently developed DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles as "epigenetic clocks," which are the most accurate biological age estimate. This led to the development of two accomplished measures of epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) using blood samples, namely, intrinsic and extrinsic EAA (IEAA and EEAA, respectively). IEAA, which is based on Horvath's clock, is independent of blood cell counts and indicates cell-intrinsic aging. On the other hand, EEAA, which is based on Hannum's clock, is associated with age-dependent changes in blood cell counts and indicates immune system aging. Further, Lu et al. developed the "GrimAge" clock, which can strongly predict the mortality risk, and DNAm-based telomere length (DNAmTL). We used a DNAm dataset from whole blood samples obtained from 30 patients with BD and 30 healthy controls. We investigated Horvath EAA, IEAA, Hannum EAA, EEAA, Grim EAA, DNAmTL, and DNAm-based blood cell composition. Compared with controls, there was a decrease in Horvath EAA and IEAA in patients with BD. Further, there was a significant decrease in Horvath EAA and IEAA in patients with BD taking medication combinations of mood stabilizers (including lithium carbonate, sodium valproate, and carbamazepine) than in those taking no medication/monotherapy. This study provides novel evidence indicating decelerated epigenetic aging associated with mood stabilizers in patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okazaki
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shusuke Numata
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadasu Horai
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makoto Kinoshita
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sora
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Ohmori
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
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25
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Okazaki S, Otsuka I, Horai T, Hirata T, Takahashi M, Ueno Y, Boku S, Sora I, Hishimoto A. Accelerated extrinsic epigenetic aging and increased natural killer cells in blood of suicide completers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 98:109805. [PMID: 31707091 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest aberrant DNA methylation in victims of suicide. Recently, DNA methylation profiles have been developed for determining "epigenetic age," which is the most accurate estimate of biological age. Subsequently, two refined measures of epigenetic age acceleration have been expanded for blood samples as intrinsic and extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA and EEAA, respectively). IEAA involves pure epigenetic aging independent of blood cell composition, whereas EEAA involves immunosenescence in association with blood cell composition. METHODS We investigated epigenetic age acceleration using two independent DNA methylation datasets: a brain dataset from 16 suicide completers and 15 non-psychiatric controls and a blood dataset compiled using economical DNA pooling technique from 56 suicide completers and 60 living healthy controls. In the blood dataset, we considered IEAA and EEAA, as well as DNA methylation-based blood cell composition. RESULTS There was no significant difference in universal epigenetic age acceleration between suicide completers and controls in both brain and blood datasets. Blood of suicide completers exhibited an increase in EEAA, but not in IEAA. We additionally found that suicide completers had more natural killer cells but fewer granulocytes compared to controls. CONCLUSION This study provides novel evidence for accelerated extrinsic epigenetic aging in suicide completers and for the potential application of natural killer cells as a biomarker for suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadasu Horai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirata
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Motonori Takahashi
- Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Social Health Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ueno
- Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Social Health Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shuken Boku
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sora
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
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26
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Meijer M, Klein M, Hannon E, van der Meer D, Hartman C, Oosterlaan J, Heslenfeld D, Hoekstra PJ, Buitelaar J, Mill J, Franke B. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Patterns in Persistent Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and in Association With Impulsive and Callous Traits. Front Genet 2020; 11:16. [PMID: 32082368 PMCID: PMC7005250 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood. ADHD and related personality traits, such as impulsivity and callousness, are caused by genetic and environmental factors and their interplay. Epigenetic modifications of DNA, including methylation, are thought to mediate between such factors and behavior and may behave as biomarkers for disorders. Here, we set out to study DNA methylation in persistent ADHD and related traits. We performed epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) on peripheral whole blood from participants in the NeuroIMAGE study (age range 12-23 years). We compared participants with persistent ADHD (n = 35) with healthy controls (n = 19) and with participants with remittent ADHD (n = 19). Additionally, we performed EWASs of impulsive and callous traits derived from the Conners Parent Rating Scale and the Callous-Unemotional Inventory, respectively, across all participants. For every EWAS, the linear regression model analyzed included covariates for age, sex, smoking scores, and surrogate variables reflecting blood cell type composition and genetic background. We observed no epigenome-wide significant differences in single CpG site methylation between participants with persistent ADHD and healthy controls or participants with remittent ADHD. However, epigenome-wide analysis of differentially methylated regions provided significant findings showing that hypermethylated regions in the APOB and LPAR5 genes were associated with ADHD persistence compared to ADHD remittance (p = 1.68 * 10-24 and p = 9.06 * 10-7, respectively); both genes are involved in cholesterol signaling. Both findings appeared to be linked to genetic variation in cis. We found neither significant epigenome-wide single CpG sites nor regions associated with impulsive and callous traits; the top-hits from these analyses were annotated to genes involved in neurotransmitter release and the regulation of the biological clock. No link to genetic variation was observed for these findings, which thus might reflect environmental influences. In conclusion, in this pilot study with a small sample size, we observed several DNA-methylation-disorder/trait associations of potential significance for ADHD and the related behavioral traits. Although we do not wish to draw conclusions before replication in larger, independent samples, cholesterol signaling and metabolism may be of relevance for the onset and/or persistence of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Meijer
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eilis Hannon
- Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Catharina Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Experimental and Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Emma Neuroscience Group, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dirk Heslenfeld
- Experimental and Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. Hoekstra
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatric University Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Mill
- Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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27
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Luo A, Jung J, Longley M, Rosoff DB, Charlet K, Muench C, Lee J, Hodgkinson CA, Goldman D, Horvath S, Kaminsky ZA, Lohoff FW. Epigenetic aging is accelerated in alcohol use disorder and regulated by genetic variation in APOL2. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:327-336. [PMID: 31466081 PMCID: PMC6901591 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the potential role of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in aging processes, we employed Levine's epigenetic clock (DNAm PhenoAge) to estimate DNA methylation age in 331 individuals with AUD and 201 healthy controls (HC). We evaluated the effects of heavy, chronic alcohol consumption on epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) using clinical biomarkers, including liver function test enzymes (LFTs) and clinical measures. To characterize potential underlying genetic variation contributing to EAA in AUD, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on EAA, including pathway analyses. We followed up on relevant top findings with in silico expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses for biological function using the BRAINEAC database. There was a 2.22-year age acceleration in AUD compared to controls after adjusting for gender and blood cell composition (p = 1.85 × 10-5). This association remained significant after adjusting for race, body mass index, and smoking status (1.38 years, p = 0.02). Secondary analyses showed more pronounced EAA in individuals with more severe AUD-associated phenotypes, including elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and higher number of heavy drinking days (all ps < 0.05). The genome-wide meta-analysis of EAA in AUD revealed a significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs916264 (p = 5.43 × 10-8), in apolipoprotein L2 (APOL2) at the genome-wide level. The minor allele A of rs916264 was associated with EAA and with increased mRNA expression in hippocampus (p = 0.0015). Our data demonstrate EAA in AUD and suggest that disease severity further accelerates epigenetic aging. EAA was associated with genetic variation in APOL2, suggesting potential novel biological mechanisms for age acceleration in AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Luo
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Jeesun Jung
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Martha Longley
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Daniel B. Rosoff
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Katrin Charlet
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA ,0000 0001 2218 4662grid.6363.0Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charite – Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Muench
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Jisoo Lee
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Colin A. Hodgkinson
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dLaboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - David Goldman
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dLaboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA ,0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Zachary A. Kaminsky
- 0000 0001 2182 2255grid.28046.38The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Falk W. Lohoff
- 0000 0001 2297 5165grid.94365.3dSection on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Clinical, epidemiological, and biological evidence raises the possibility that serious mental disorders (SMDs) are associated with accelerated biological aging. To the extent this is true; SMDs should not simply be considered in terms of mental illness or brain dysfunction, but also as 'whole body' and multisystem illnesses, or else as conditions with significant somatic concomitants. RECENT FINDINGS The concept of accelerated biological aging in SMDs is supported by reports of accelerated changes in certain biomarkers normally associated with the aging process. SUMMARY We define and discuss several proposed biological aging markers that have been examined in SMDs, we review the most recent findings, and we conclude with opinions regarding the merits and meanings of these markers, their usefulness in understanding and treating SMDs, and remaining questions and future directions in this area of research.
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