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Dong S, Zhang J, Ling J, Xie Z, Song L, Wang Y, Zhao L, Zhao T. Comparative analysis of physical traits, mineral compositions, antioxidant contents, and metabolite profiles in five cherry tomato cultivars. Food Res Int 2024; 194:114897. [PMID: 39232525 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) are cultivated and consumed worldwide. While numerous cultivars have been bred to enhance fruit quality, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the fruit quality of cherry tomato cultivars. In this study, we assessed fruits of five cherry tomato cultivars (Qianxi, Fengjingling, Fushan88, Yanyu, and Qiyu) at the red ripe stage through detailed analysis of their physical traits, mineral compositions, antioxidant contents, and metabolite profiles. Significant variations were observed among the cultivars in terms of fruit size, shape, firmness, weight, glossiness, and sepal length, with each cultivar displaying unique attributes. Mineral analysis revealed distinct patterns of essential and trace element accumulation, with notable differences in calcium, sodium, manganese, and selenium concentrations. Fenjingling was identified as a selenium enriched cultivar. Analysis of antioxidant contents highlighted Yanyu as particularly rich in vitamin C and Fenjingling as having elevated antioxidant enzyme activities. Metabolomics analysis identified a total number of 3,396 annotated metabolites, and the five cultivars showed distinct metabolomics profiles. Amino acid analysis showed Fushan88 to possess a superior profile, while sweetness and tartness assessments indicated that Yanyu exhibited higher total soluble solids (TSS) and acidity. Notably, red cherry tomato cultivars (Fushan88, Yanyu, and Qiyu) accumulated significantly higher levels of eugenol and α-tomatine, compounds associated with undesirable flavors, compared to pink cultivars (Qianxi and Fengjingling). Taken together, our results provide novel insights into the physical traits, nutritional value, and flavor-associated metabolites of cherry tomatoes, offering knowledge that could be implemented for the breeding, cultivation, and marketing of cherry tomato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchao Dong
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 210014, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jiayi Ling
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 210014, China; College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225100, China
| | - Zixin Xie
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 210014, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Liuxia Song
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Yinlei Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 210014, China.
| | - Tongmin Zhao
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 210014, China.
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Cao X, Su Y, Zhao T, Zhang Y, Cheng B, Xie K, Yu M, Allan A, Klee H, Chen K, Guan X, Zhang Y, Zhang B. Multi-omics analysis unravels chemical roadmap and genetic basis for peach fruit aroma improvement. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114623. [PMID: 39146179 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Selection of fruits with enhanced health benefits and superior flavor is an important aspect of peach breeding. Understanding the genetic interplay between appearance and flavor chemicals remains a major challenge. We identify the most important volatiles contributing to consumer preferences for peach, thus establishing priorities for improving flavor quality. We quantify volatiles of a peach population consisting of 184 accessions and demonstrate major reductions in the important flavor volatiles linalool and Z-3-hexenyl acetate in red-fleshed accessions. We identify 474 functional gene regulatory networks (GRNs), among which GRN05 plays a crucial role in controlling both red flesh and volatile content through the NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC (NAC) transcription factor PpBL. Overexpressing PpBL results in reduced expression of PpNAC1, a positive regulator for Z-3-hexenyl acetate and linalool synthesis. Additionally, we identify haplotypes for three tandem PpAATs that are significantly correlated with reduced gene expression and ester content. We develop genetic resources for improvement of fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmei Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yike Su
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kaili Xie
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingliang Yu
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Andrew Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research) Mt Albert, Auckland Mail Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Harry Klee
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xueying Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 300058, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China.
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3
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D’Esposito D, Di Donato A, Puleo S, Nava M, Diretto G, Di Monaco R, Frusciante L, Ercolano MR. The Impact of Growing Area on the Expression of Fruit Traits Related to Sensory Perception in Two Tomato Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9015. [PMID: 39201701 PMCID: PMC11354283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental conditions greatly influence the quality of tomato fruit by affecting the expression of genes, the abundance of metabolites, and the perception of sensorial attributes. In this study, a fruit transcriptome investigation, a sensory test, and a metabolomic analysis were performed to evaluate the impact of the environment on two popular tomato cultivars grown in two Italian regions. The transcriptional profile of each cultivar, cultivated in two different areas, highlighted differential expression in genes involved in pathways related to cell wall components such as pectin, lignin, and hemicellulose and sugars as well as in amino acids, phenylpropanoids, and pigment synthesis. The cultivation area mainly affects sensory attributes related to texture and flavor and the metabolic pattern of cell wall precursors, sugars, glutamate, aspartate, and carotenoids. In the two genotypes cultivated in the same environment, some attributes and fruit-related quality processes are similarly affected, while others are differently influenced based on the specific genetic makeup of the tomato. A combination of transcriptomic, sensory, and metabolomic data obtained from the two tomato genotypes revealed that the environment has a profound effect on specific sensory traits, providing information on factors that shape the specific characteristics and genetic targets for improving tomato fruit characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D’Esposito
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (D.D.); (A.D.D.); (S.P.); (R.D.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Antimo Di Donato
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (D.D.); (A.D.D.); (S.P.); (R.D.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Sharon Puleo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (D.D.); (A.D.D.); (S.P.); (R.D.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Matteo Nava
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Development (ENEA), Casaccia, 00123 Rome, Italy; (M.N.)
| | - Gianfranco Diretto
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Development (ENEA), Casaccia, 00123 Rome, Italy; (M.N.)
| | - Rossella Di Monaco
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (D.D.); (A.D.D.); (S.P.); (R.D.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (D.D.); (A.D.D.); (S.P.); (R.D.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Maria Raffaella Ercolano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (D.D.); (A.D.D.); (S.P.); (R.D.M.); (L.F.)
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Ji Q, Wang X, Huang T, Wang X, Zhao Y. Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) pollination enhances the yield and flavor quality of kiwifruit. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 116:e22139. [PMID: 39106355 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Pollination is essential for achieving high yields and enhancing the quality of kiwifruit cultivation, both of which significantly influence growers' interests and consumers' preferences. However, compared to studies on yield, there are fewer studies exploring the impact of pollination methods on the flavor of kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis Planchon. This study examined the effects of bee (Apis mellifera L.) pollination and artificial pollination on the yield and flavor of kiwifruit in the main producing areas of China. Compared with those pollinated artificially, bee-pollinated kiwifruit exhibited a greater fruit set rate, heavier fruit weight, and greater number of seeds. Notably, the number of seeds was positively correlated with fruit weight in bee-pollinated kiwifruit, whereas no such correlation was detected in artificially pollinated fruit. Bee pollination not only enhanced the yield but also improved the flavor of kiwifruit. Specifically, bee-pollinated kiwifruit contained higher levels of sucrose and lower concentrations of glucose and fructose, while the acid content was less affected by pollination methods. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in the volatile organic compound (VOC) levels in kiwifruit subjected to different pollination treatments, with bee-pollinated fruit exhibiting a superior flavor. Our findings provide new insights into the beneficial role of bee pollination in enhancing kiwifruit yield and quality, underscoring the crucial importance of bees in kiwifruit pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhi Ji
- College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Bian H, Song P, Gao Y, Deng Z, Huang C, Yu L, Wang H, Ye B, Cai Z, Pan Y, Wang F, Liu J, Gao X, Chen K, Jia G, Klee HJ, Zhang B. The m 6A reader SlYTH2 negatively regulates tomato fruit aroma by impeding the translation process. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2405100121. [PMID: 38950372 PMCID: PMC11253005 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2405100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a fundamentally important RNA modification for gene regulation, whose function is achieved through m6A readers. However, whether and how m6A readers play regulatory roles during fruit ripening and quality formation remains unclear. Here, we characterized SlYTH2 as a tomato m6A reader protein and profiled the binding sites of SlYTH2 at the transcriptome-wide level. SlYTH2 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation and promotes RNA-protein condensate formation. The target mRNAs of SlYTH2, namely m6A-modified SlHPL and SlCCD1B associated with volatile synthesis, are enriched in SlYTH2-induced condensates. Through polysome profiling assays and proteomic analysis, we demonstrate that knockout of SlYTH2 expedites the translation process of SlHPL and SlCCD1B, resulting in augmented production of aroma-associated volatiles. This aroma enrichment significantly increased consumer preferences for CRISPR-edited fruit over wild type. These findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms of m6A in plant RNA metabolism and provided a promising strategy to generate fruits that are more attractive to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Bian
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Peizhe Song
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing401331, China
| | - Zhiping Deng
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, China
| | - Chenyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Hanqing Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Bingbing Ye
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Zhihe Cai
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Jianzhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Xiangwei Gao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Guifang Jia
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Center of RNA Biology, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Harry J. Klee
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan572000, China
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Lomax J, Ford R, Bar I. Multi-omic applications for understanding and enhancing tropical fruit flavour. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:83. [PMID: 38972957 PMCID: PMC11228007 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Consumer trends towards nutrient-rich foods are contributing to global increasing demand for tropical fruit. However, commercial cultivars in the breeding pipeline that are tailored to meet market demand are at risk of possessing reduced fruit flavour qualities. This stems from recurrent prioritised selection for superior agronomic traits and not fruit flavour, which may in turn reduce consumer satisfaction. There is realisation that fruit quality traits, inclusive of flavour, must be equally selected for; but currently, there are limited tools and resources available to select for fruit flavour traits, particularly in tropical fruit species. Although sugars, acids, and volatile organic compounds are known to define fruit flavour, the specific combinations of these, that result in defined consumer preferences, remain unknown for many tropical fruit species. To define and include fruit flavour preferences in selective breeding, it is vital to determine the metabolites that underpin them. Then, objective quantitative analysis may be implemented instead of solely relying on human sensory panels. This may lead to the development of selective genetic markers through integrated omics approaches that target biosynthetic pathways of flavour active compounds. In this review, we explore progress in the development of tools to be able to strategically define and select for consumer-preferred flavour profiles in the breeding of new cultivars of tropical fruit species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Lomax
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Rebecca Ford
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Ido Bar
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
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Sun Z, Guo X, Kumar RMS, Huang C, Xie Y, Li M, Li J. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the importance of ethylene networks in mulberry fruit ripening. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 344:112084. [PMID: 38614360 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is a climacteric and highly perishable fruit. Ethylene has been considered to be an important trigger of fruit ripening process. However, the role of ethylene in the mulberry fruit ripening process remains unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data of mulberry fruit and the physiological changes accompanying the fruit ripening process. Our study revealed that changes in the accumulation of specific metabolites at different stages of fruit development and ripening were closely correlated to transcriptional changes as well as underlying physiological changes and the development of taste biomolecules. The ripening of mulberry fruits was highly associated with the production of endogenous ethylene, and further application of exogenous ethylene assisted the ripening process. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that differential expression of diverse ripening-related genes was involved in sugar metabolism, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and cell wall modification pathways. Network analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics data revealed that many transcription factors and ripening-related genes were involved, among which ethylene-responsive transcription factor 3 (MaERF3) plays a crucial role in the ripening process. The role of MaERF3 in ripening was experimentally proven in a transient overexpression assay in apples. Our study indicates that ethylene plays a vital role in modulating mulberry fruit ripening. The results provide a basis for guiding the genetic manipulation of mulberry fruits towards sustainable agricultural practices and improve post-harvest management, potentially enhancing the quality and shelf life of mulberry fruits for sustainable agriculture and forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Sun
- Sericultural Research Insitute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Xinmiao Guo
- Chengde College of Applied Technology, Chengde 067000, China.
| | - R M Saravana Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India.
| | - Chunying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Yan Xie
- Sericultural Research Insitute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China.
| | - Meng Li
- Sericultural Research Insitute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China.
| | - Jisheng Li
- Sericultural Research Insitute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China.
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Minerdi D, Sabbatini P. Impact of Cytochrome P450 Enzyme on Fruit Quality. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7181. [PMID: 39000287 PMCID: PMC11241655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes are monooxygenases widely diffused in nature ranging from viruses to man. They can catalyze a very wide range of reactions, including the ketonization of C-H bonds, N/O/S-dealkylation, C-C bond cleavage, N/S-oxidation, hydroxylation, and the epoxidation of C=C bonds. Their versatility makes them valuable across various fields such as medicine, chemistry, and food processing. In this review, we aim to highlight the significant contribution of P450 enzymes to fruit quality, with a specific focus on the ripening process, particularly in grapevines. Grapevines are of particular interest due to their economic importance in the fruit industry and their significance in winemaking. Understanding the role of P450 enzymes in grapevine fruit ripening can provide insights into enhancing grape quality, flavor, and aroma, which are critical factors in determining the market value of grapes and derived products like wine. Moreover, the potential of P450 enzymes extends beyond fruit ripening. They represent promising candidates for engineering crop species that are resilient to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Their involvement in metabolic engineering offers opportunities for enhancing fruit quality attributes, such as taste, nutritional content, and shelf life. Harnessing the capabilities of P450 enzymes in crop improvement holds immense promise for sustainable agriculture and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Minerdi
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy;
| | - Paolo Sabbatini
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy;
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Interdepartmental Centre for Grapevines and Wine Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Enotria 2/C, 12051 Alba, CN, Italy
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Lu H, Zhao H, Zhong T, Chen D, Wu Y, Xie Z. Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms Affecting Fruit Aroma. Foods 2024; 13:1870. [PMID: 38928811 PMCID: PMC11203305 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aroma, an important quality characteristic of plant fruits, is produced by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mainly terpenes, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, and other secondary metabolites, in plant cells. There are significant differences in the VOC profile of various fruits. The main pathways involved in the synthesis of VOCs are the terpenoid, phenylalanine, and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways, which involve several key enzyme-encoding genes, transcription factors (TFs), and epigenetic factors. This paper reviews the main synthetic pathways of the main volatile components in fruit, summarizes studies on the regulation of aroma formation by key genes and TFs, summarizes the factors affecting the fruit aroma formation, describes relevant studies on the improvement of fruit flavor quality, and finally proposes potential challenges and prospects for future research directions. This study provides a theoretical basis for the further precise control of fruit aroma quality and variety improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Lu
- College of Urban Construction, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (H.L.); (H.Z.); (T.Z.); (D.C.)
| | - Hongfei Zhao
- College of Urban Construction, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (H.L.); (H.Z.); (T.Z.); (D.C.)
| | - Tailin Zhong
- College of Urban Construction, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (H.L.); (H.Z.); (T.Z.); (D.C.)
| | - Danwei Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (H.L.); (H.Z.); (T.Z.); (D.C.)
| | - Yaqiong Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhengwan Xie
- School of Tea and Coffee, Puer University, Puer 665000, China
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Cao P, Yang J, Xia L, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Hao Y, Liu P, Wang C, Li C, Yang J, Lai J, Li X, Deng M, Wang S. Two gene clusters and their positive regulator SlMYB13 that have undergone domestication-associated negative selection control phenolamide accumulation and drought tolerance in tomato. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:579-597. [PMID: 38327054 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Among plant metabolites, phenolamides, which are conjugates of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and polyamines, play important roles in plant adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying phenolamide metabolism and regulation as well as the effects of domestication and breeding on phenolamide diversity in tomato remain largely unclear. In this study, we performed a metabolite-based genome-wide association study and identified two biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC7 and BGC11) containing 12 genes involved in phenolamide metabolism, including four biosynthesis genes (two 4CL genes, one C3H gene, and one CPA gene), seven decoration genes (five AT genes and two UGT genes), and one transport protein gene (DTX29). Using gene co-expression network analysis we further discovered that SlMYB13 positively regulates the expression of two gene clusters, thereby promoting phenolamide accumulation. Genetic and physiological analyses showed that BGC7, BGC11 and SlMYB13 enhance drought tolerance by enhancing scavenging of reactive oxygen species and increasing abscisic acid content in tomato. Natural variation analysis suggested that BGC7, BGC11 and SlMYB13 were negatively selected during tomato domestication and improvement, leading to reduced phenolamide content and drought tolerance of cultivated tomato. Collectively, our study discovers a key mechanism of phenolamide biosynthesis and regulation in tomato and reveals that crop domestication and improvement shapes metabolic diversity to affect plant environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cao
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China.
| | - Linghao Xia
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Zeyong Wu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Yingchen Hao
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Penghui Liu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Jun Lai
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Xianggui Li
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Meng Deng
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China
| | - Shouchuang Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 572208, China.
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11
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Jee E, Do E, Gil CS, Kim S, Lee SY, Lee S, Ku KM. Analysis of volatile organic compounds in Korean-bred strawberries: insights for improving fruit flavor. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1360050. [PMID: 38562564 PMCID: PMC10982345 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1360050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The strawberry industry in South Korea has witnessed a significant 65% growth over the past decade, surpassing other fruits and vegetables in production value. While sweetness and acidity are well-recognized flavor determinants, the role of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in defining the desirable flavor profiles of strawberries is also crucial. However, existing research has predominantly concentrated on a limited range of commercial cultivars, neglecting the broader spectrum of strawberry varieties. Methods This study embarked on developing a comprehensive VOC database for a diverse array of strawberry cultivars sourced both domestically and internationally. A total of 61 different strawberry cultivars from Korea (45), the USA (7), Japan (8), and France (1) were analyzed for their VOC content using Tenax TA Thermo Desorption tubes and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition to VOC profiling, heritability was assessed using one-way ANOVA to compare means among multiple groups, providing insights into the genetic basis of flavor differences. Results and discussion The analysis identified 122 compounds categorized into esters, alcohols, terpenes, and lactones, with esters constituting the majority (46.5%) of total VOCs in Korean cultivars. 'Arihyang', 'Sunnyberry', and 'Kingsberry' exhibited the highest diversity of VOCs detected (97 types), whereas 'Seolhong' showed the highest overall concentration (57.5mg·kg-1 FW). Compared to the USA cultivars, which were abundant in γ-decalactone (a peach-like fruity aroma), most domestic cultivars lacked this compound. Notably, 'Misohyang' displayed a high γ-decalactone content, highlighting its potential as breeding germplasm to improve flavor in Korean strawberries. The findings underscore the importance of a comprehensive VOC analysis across different strawberry cultivars to understand flavor composition. The significant variation in VOC content among the cultivars examined opens avenues for targeted breeding strategies. By leveraging the distinct VOC profiles, particularly the presence of γ-decalactone, breeders can develop new strawberry varieties with enhanced flavor profiles, catering to consumer preferences for both domestic and international markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eungu Jee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsu Do
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Saem Gil
- Department of Horticulture, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seolah Kim
- National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yi Lee
- National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghee Lee
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Horticultural Sciences Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Kang-Mo Ku
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Yaqoob H, Tariq A, Bhat BA, Bhat KA, Nehvi IB, Raza A, Djalovic I, Prasad PVV, Mir RA. Integrating genomics and genome editing for orphan crop improvement: a bridge between orphan crops and modern agriculture system. GM CROPS & FOOD 2023; 14:1-20. [PMID: 36606637 PMCID: PMC9828793 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2146952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Domestication of orphan crops could be explored by editing their genomes. Genome editing has a lot of promise for enhancing agricultural output, and there is a lot of interest in furthering breeding in orphan crops, which are sometimes plagued with unwanted traits that resemble wild cousins. Consequently, applying model crop knowledge to orphan crops allows for the rapid generation of targeted allelic diversity and innovative breeding germplasm. We explain how plant breeders could employ genome editing as a novel platform to accelerate the domestication of semi-domesticated or wild plants, resulting in a more diversified base for future food and fodder supplies. This review emphasizes both the practicality of the strategy and the need to invest in research that advances our understanding of plant genomes, genes, and cellular systems. Planting more of these abandoned orphan crops could help alleviate food scarcities in the challenge of future climate crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwaida Yaqoob
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Arooj Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kaisar Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iqra Bashir Nehvi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ali Raza
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China,Ali Raza College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Ivica Djalovic
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - PV Vara Prasad
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India,CONTACT Rakeeb Ahmad MirDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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13
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Wang T, An J, Chai M, zhu Z, Jiang Y, Huang X, Han B. Volatile metabolomics reveals the characteristics of the unique flavor substances in oats. Food Chem X 2023; 20:101000. [PMID: 38144731 PMCID: PMC10740038 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oats is a cereal well known for its high nutritional value and unique flavor. This study investigated the metabolomics data from oats, wheat, and barley using broadly targeted GC-MS metabonomic techniques. A total of 437 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified, of which 414 were shared metabolites, with three metabolites unique to oats. Three hundred and seven differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were screened from all the comparison groups, of which 27 metabolites were shared by oats and barley, and 121 shared by oats and wheat. Terpenoids and esters were the key metabolites determining the differences in flavor. A KEGG analysis indicated that the alpha-linolenic acid and phenylalanine pathways were the most significant metabolic pathways. The 42 DAMs found may be the main substances leading to the flavor differences between the different varieties. Overall, this study reveals the main reasons for the unique flavor of oats through metabolomic evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Lab of Germplasm Innovation and Utlization of Triticeae Crop at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jinghong An
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Reserach Institute of Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Mingna Chai
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Lab of Germplasm Innovation and Utlization of Triticeae Crop at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Zhiqiang zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Lab of Germplasm Innovation and Utlization of Triticeae Crop at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yulian Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Lab of Germplasm Innovation and Utlization of Triticeae Crop at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xuejie Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Lab of Germplasm Innovation and Utlization of Triticeae Crop at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Bing Han
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Lab of Germplasm Innovation and Utlization of Triticeae Crop at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China
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14
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Posadinu CM, Rodriguez M, Conte P, Piga A, Attene G. Fruit quality and shelf-life of Sardinian tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) landraces. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290166. [PMID: 38064465 PMCID: PMC10707699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The conservation and characterization of landraces have key roles in the safeguarding and valorization of agrobiodiversity. Indeed, these plant genetic resources represent an important crop heritage with quality and sensory characteristics that can be of great use to consumers and industry. In addition, the preservation of genetic resources from the risk of progressive genetic erosion, and the enhancement of their potential can contribute to food security and improve the nutritional value of food. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate a collection of Sardinian tomato landraces for parameters that have determinant roles in evaluating their responses to conservation, and therefore to consumer acceptance. Six Sardinian landraces and two commercial varieties were cultivated in a two-years off-season trial, harvested at two different maturity stages (turning, red-ripe) and characterized using 14 fruit-related quality parameters that define the marketability, nutritional value, and flavor of the fruit. Data were collected at intervals of 10 days, starting from the harvest date and over 30 days of storage under refrigeration. The simultaneous analysis of all the qualitative characteristics for the different genotypes allowed to clearly differentiate the local varieties from the commercial varieties and a few landraces emerged for their satisfactory performances, e.g. "Tamatta kaki" ad "Tamatta groga de appiccai". In particular, the "Tamatta groga de appiccai" showed satisfactory lycopene content at marketable stages (average 5.65 mg 100g-1 FF), a peculiar orange-pink color with the highest hue angle values (range: H°T0 = 72.55-H°T30 = 48.26), and the highest firmness among the landraces of the red-ripe group (range: EpT0 = 1.64-EpT30 = 0.54 N mm-1). These results highlight the potential of some of the Sardinian tomato landraces for developing new varieties or promoting their direct valorization in local markets and could considerably increase the effectiveness and efficiency of agrobiodiversity conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Rodriguez
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale per la Conservazione e Valorizzazione della Biodiversità Vegetale, University of Sassari, Alghero, Italy
| | - Paola Conte
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Piga
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Attene
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale per la Conservazione e Valorizzazione della Biodiversità Vegetale, University of Sassari, Alghero, Italy
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15
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Farneti B, Giongo L, Emanuelli F, Toivonen P, Folta K, Iorizzo M. Editorial: Interdisciplinary approaches to improve quality of soft fruit berries, volume II. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1341519. [PMID: 38130487 PMCID: PMC10733436 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1341519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Farneti
- Berries Genetics and Breeding Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Lara Giongo
- Berries Genetics and Breeding Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | | | - Peter Toivonen
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin Folta
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Massimo Iorizzo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
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16
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Nothnagel T, Ulrich D, Dunemann F, Budahn H. Sensory Perception and Consumer Acceptance of Carrot Cultivars Are Influenced by Their Metabolic Profiles for Volatile and Non-Volatile Organic Compounds. Foods 2023; 12:4389. [PMID: 38137193 PMCID: PMC10742604 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory parameters as well as the volatile and non-volatile compound profiles of sixteen carrot cultivars were recorded to obtain insight into consumer preference decisions. The sensory test was carried out with a consumer panel of 88 untrained testers allowing a clear acceptance-based differentiation of the cultivars. Five individual sensory characters (sweetness, overall aroma, bitterness, astringency and off-flavor) supported this discrimination. Chemical analyses of volatile organic compounds, polyacetylenes, phenylpropanoids and sugars enabled us to correlate the influence of these ingredients on sensory perception. Higher concentrations of α-pinene, hexanal, styrene and acetophenone correlated with a better acceptance, as well as sweetness and overall aroma perception. In contrast, a low acceptance as well as a stronger perception of bitterness, astringency and off-flavor correlated with enhanced concentrations of camphene, bornylacetate, borneol, myristicine, falcarindiol, falcarindiol-3-acetate, laserin and epilaserin. The present study should support the development of new breeding strategies for carrot cultivars that better satisfy consumer demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nothnagel
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany; (T.N.)
| | - Detlef Ulrich
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Str. 19, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Dunemann
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany; (T.N.)
| | - Holger Budahn
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany; (T.N.)
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17
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Fernie AR. If you go down to the woods today you're in for a big surprise: mapping the diverse phenotypes of the European woodland strawberry. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1199-1200. [PMID: 38011670 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
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18
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Zheng S, Cai J, Huang P, Wang Y, Yang Z, Yu Y. Determination of volatile profiles of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) during fruit maturation by HS-SPME GC-MS. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7455-7468. [PMID: 37403783 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aroma is an important agronomic trait for strawberries, and the improvement of fruit flavor is a key goal in current strawberry breeding programs. Fragaria vesca (also known as woodland strawberry) has become an excellent model plant with exquisite flavor, a small genome size and a short life cycle. Thus, the comprehensive identification of fruit volatiles and their accumulation pattern of F. vesca strawberries are very important and necessary to the fruit aroma study. This study examined the volatile profile changes from the fruits of three F. vesca genotypes during maturation using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with multivariate analysis. RESULTS A total of 191 putative volatile compounds were identified, while 152, 159 and 175 volatiles were detected in 20-30 DAP (days after pollination) fruits of Hawaii 4 (HW), Reugen (RG) and Yellow Wonder (YW), respectively. Aldehydes and alcohols predominated in the early time point while esters were predominant during the late time point. Ketones were the dominant compounds from F. vesca strawberries at the ripe stage. Certain genotype-characteristic volatiles were identified, including eugenol, γ-octalactone and δ-decalactone only detected in YW, and mesifurane was found in HW. CONCLUSIONS RG and YW showed very similar volatile compositions, but YW presented a greater number of volatiles and RG yielded a higher content. Differences in the volatile composition may be primarily due to genetic relationships. The metabolic changes that occurred during fruit ripening and characteristic volatiles will be a useful reference for future studies of strawberry volatiles. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peibin Huang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenbiao Yang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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19
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Urrutia M, Meco V, Rambla JL, Martín-Pizarro C, Pillet J, Andrés J, Sánchez-Sevilla JF, Granell A, Hytönen T, Posé D. Diversity of the volatilome and the fruit size and shape in European woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1201-1217. [PMID: 37597203 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca subsp. vesca) is a wild relative of cultivated strawberry (F. × ananassa) producing small and typically conical fruits with an intense flavor and aroma. The wild strawberry species, F. vesca, is a rich resource of genetic and metabolic variability, but its diversity remains largely unexplored and unexploited. In this study, we aim for an in-depth characterization of the fruit complex volatilome by GC-MS as well as the fruit size and shape using a European germplasm collection that represents the continental diversity of the species. We report characteristic volatilome footprints and fruit phenotypes of specific geographical areas. Thus, this study uncovers phenotypic variation linked to geographical distribution that will be valuable for further genetic studies to identify candidate genes or develop markers linked to volatile compounds or fruit shape and size traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Urrutia
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM), Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Victoriano Meco
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM), Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Luis Rambla
- IBMCP Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (CSIC-UPV), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Carmen Martín-Pizarro
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM), Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jeremy Pillet
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM), Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Javier Andrés
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - José F Sánchez-Sevilla
- Junta de Andalucía, Unidad Asociada CSIC I+D+i Biotecnología & Mejora de Fresa, Instituto Andaluz de Investigación & Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), Ctr. IFAPA Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Granell
- IBMCP Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (CSIC-UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Timo Hytönen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Posé
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM), Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, UMA, Málaga, Spain
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20
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Sharma D, Koul A, Bhushan S, Gupta S, Kaul S, Dhar MK. Insights into microRNA-mediated interaction and regulation of metabolites in tomato. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:1142-1153. [PMID: 37681459 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs direct regulation of various metabolic pathways in plants and animals. miRNAs may be useful in developing novel/elite genotypes, with enhanced metabolites and disease resistance. We examined miRNAs in tomato. In tomato, miRNAs in the carotenoid pathway have not been fully elucidated. We examined the potential role of miRNAs in biosynthesis of carotenoids, transcript profiling of miRNAs and their possible targets (genes and transcription factors) at different development stages of tomato using stem-loop PCR and RT-qPCR. We also identified miRNAs targeting key flavonoid genes, such as chalcone isomerase (CHI), and dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR). Distinct expression profiles of miRNAs and their targets were found in fruits of three tomato accessions, suggesting carotenoid regulation by miRNAs at various stages of fruit development. This was also confirmed using HPLC of the carotenoids. The present study may help in understanding possible regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis. The identified miRNAs can be exploited to enhance biosynthesis of different carotenoids in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sharma
- Genome Research Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - A Koul
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - S Bhushan
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Bagla (Rahya Suchani), Samba, Jammu, India
| | - S Gupta
- Genome Research Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - S Kaul
- Genome Research Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - M K Dhar
- Genome Research Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
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21
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Li LX, Fang Y, Li D, Zhu ZH, Zhang Y, Tang ZY, Li T, Chen XS, Feng SQ. Transcription factors MdMYC2 and MdMYB85 interact with ester aroma synthesis gene MdAAT1 in apple. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2442-2458. [PMID: 37590971 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Volatile esters in apple (Malus domestica) fruit are the critical aroma components determining apple flavor quality. While the exact molecular regulatory mechanism remains unknown, jasmonic acid (JA) plays a crucial role in stimulating the synthesis of ester aromas in apples. In our study, we investigated the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the production of ester aroma in apples. MeJA treatment significantly increased ester aroma synthesis, accompanied by the upregulation of several genes involved in the jasmonate pathway transduction. Specifically, expression of the gene MdMYC2, which encodes a transcription factor associated with the jasmonate pathway, and the R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene MdMYB85 increased upon MeJA treatment. Furthermore, the essential gene ALCOHOL ACYLTRANSFERASE 1 (MdAAT1), encoding an enzyme responsible for ester aroma synthesis, showed increased expression levels as well. Our investigation revealed that MdMYC2 and MdMYB85 directly interacted with the promoter region of MdAAT1, thereby enhancing its transcriptional activity. In addition, MdMYC2 and MdMYB85 directly bind their promoters and activate transcription. Notably, the interaction between MdMYC2 and MdMYB85 proteins further amplified the regulatory effect of MdMYB85 on MdMYC2 and MdAAT1, as well as that of MdMYC2 on MdMYB85 and MdAAT1. Collectively, our findings elucidate the role of the gene module consisting of MdMYC2, MdMYB85, and MdAAT1 in mediating the effects of JA and promoting ester aroma synthesis in apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xian Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yue Fang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zi-Hao Zhu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zi-Yu Tang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xue-Sen Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shou-Qian Feng
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
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22
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Xu L, Zang E, Sun S, Li M. Main flavor compounds and molecular regulation mechanisms in fruits and vegetables. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11859-11879. [PMID: 35816297 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2097195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables (F&V) are an indispensable part of a healthy diet. The volatile and nonvolatile compounds present in F&V constitute unique flavor substances. This paper reviews the main flavor substances present in F&V, as well as the biosynthetic pathways and molecular regulation mechanisms of these compounds. A series of compounds introduced include aromatic substances, soluble sugars and organic acids, which constitute the key flavor substances of F&V. Esters, phenols, alcohols, amino acids and terpenes are the main volatile aromatic substances, and nonvolatile substances are represented by amino acids, fatty acids and carbohydrates; The combination of these ingredients is the cause of the sour, sweet, bitter, astringent and spicy taste of these foods. This provides a theoretical basis for the study of the interaction between volatile and nonvolatile substances in F&V, and also provides a research direction for the healthy development of food in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Erhuan Zang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Shuying Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Minhui Li
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- Inner Mongolia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medical Research Institute, Hohhot, China
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23
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Jin N, Zhang D, Jin L, Wang S, Yang X, Lei Y, Meng X, Xu Z, Sun J, Lyu J, Yu J. Controlling water deficiency as an abiotic stress factor to improve tomato nutritional and flavour quality. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100756. [PMID: 37780342 PMCID: PMC10534109 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Water deficit (WD) irrigation techniques to improve water use efficiency have been rapidly developed. However, the effect of WD irrigation on tomato quality has not been sufficiently studied. Here, we investigated the effects of varying water irrigation levels [T1-T4: 80%, 65%, 55%, and 45% of maximum field moisture capacity (FMC)] and full irrigation (CK: 90% of maximum FMC) on tomato fruits from the mature-green to red-ripening stages, to compare the nutritional and flavour qualities of the resulting tomatoes. The proline, aspartic, malic, citric, and ascorbic acid contents increased, phenylalanine and glutamic acid contents decreased, and the total amino and organic acid contents increased by 18.91% and 26.12%, respectively, in T2-treated fruits. Furthermore, the T2-treated fruits exhibited higher K and P contents alongside improved characteristic aromas. These findings provide novel insights for further improvements in tomato quality while also developing water-saving irrigation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Li Jin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shuya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiting Yang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yongzhong Lei
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xin Meng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhiqi Xu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jianhong Sun
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jian Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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24
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Pan F, Zhang Q, Zhu H, Li J, Wen Q. Transcriptome and Metabolome Provide Insights into Fruit Ripening of Cherry Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3505. [PMID: 37836245 PMCID: PMC10575466 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Insights into flavor formation during fruit ripening can guide the development of breeding strategies that balance consumer and producer needs. Cherry tomatoes possess a distinctive taste, yet research on quality formation is limited. Here, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted on different ripening stages. The results revealed differentially accumulated metabolites during fruit ripening, providing candidate metabolites related to flavor. Interestingly, several key flavor-related metabolites already reached a steady level at the mature green stage. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression levels of the majority of genes tended to stabilize after the pink stage. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that changes in metabolic and biosynthetic pathways were evident throughout the entire process of fruit ripening. Compared to disease resistance and fruit color genes, genes related to flavor and firmness may have a broader impact on the accumulation of metabolites. Furthermore, we discovered the interconversion patterns between glutamic acid and glutamine, as well as the biosynthesis patterns of flavonoids. These findings contribute to our understanding of fruit quality formation mechanisms and support breeding programs aimed at improving fruit quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qianrong Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haisheng Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Junming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingfang Wen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
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25
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Teplitski M, Touchman JW, Almenar E, Evanega S, Aust D, Yoshinaka M, Estes VL. Bio-based solutions for reducing loss and waste of fresh fruits and vegetables: an industry perspective. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 83:102971. [PMID: 37541160 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Reducing loss and waste of fresh produce requires a systems-wide approach, where supply chain, logistical, and cold chain considerations are balanced with plant breeding, biotechnological, biochemical, and bioinspired solutions. Even though bioengineered specialty crops got off to a rocky start, genetically modified nonbrowning apples and potatoes have been on the market for almost a decade, with bioengineered pineapples, tomatoes, and gene-edited leafy greens with novel taste and nutritional profiles entering the market this year. Traditional and modern breeding expand the toolset of solutions for alleviating labor concerns, extending shelf life, and developing a generally tastier product less likely to be wasted by consumers. Critical to the systems approach is ensuring shelf-life extensions are not 'swallowed' into the supply chain and passed on to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Teplitski
- International Fresh Produce Association, Washington, DC, USA.
| | | | - Eva Almenar
- School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | | | | | - Vonnie L Estes
- International Fresh Produce Association, Washington, DC, USA
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26
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Qi L, Li X, Zang N, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Du Y, Sun J, Mostafa I, Yin Z, Wang A. Genome-wide identification of CXE and PuCXE15 functions in the catabolism of volatile ester in 'Nanguo' pear fruit. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:107996. [PMID: 37688900 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Volatile esters are the main aromatic components that affect consumer sensory preferences. Aroma is a crucial characteristic of the 'Nanguo' pear (Pyrus ussriensis Maxim). Carboxylesterases (CXEs) are positively correlated with the catabolism of volatile esters in peaches; however, the mechanism of action of CXE family members in 'Nanguo' pear is poorly understood. In this study, 40 PuCXEs were identified in the 'Nanguo' pear and assigned into seven groups. In addition, we found that most PuCXEs were relatively conserved and contained cytoplasmic proteins. This hypothesis was supported by phylogenetic analysis, investigation of conserved domains and gene structures, and prediction of subcellular localization. Based on the content of volatile esters and expression levels of PuCXEs analysis, four PuCXEs, including PuCXE7, PuCXE15, PuCXE20, and PuCXE25, had a significant negative correlation with volatile ester accumulation. Particularly, the correlation of PuCXE15 far exceeded that of the other PuCXEs. The results of the transient expression assay showed that PuCXE15 promoted the degradation of ester in vivo. Subcellular localization experiment revealed that PuCXE15 is located in the plasma membrane and nucleus. These results show that PuCXE15 functions in the catabolism of volatile ester in 'Nanguo' pear fruit, and provides a foundation for enhancing aroma quality by artificial control in pear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Nannan Zang
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhuoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yueming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yuqi Du
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jianan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Islam Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Zepeng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Aide Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Mellidou I, Koukounaras A, Frusciante S, Rambla JL, Patelou E, Ntoanidou S, Pons C, Kostas S, Nikoloudis K, Granell A, Diretto G, Kanellis AK. A metabolome and transcriptome survey to tap the dynamics of fruit prolonged shelf-life and improved quality within Greek tomato germplasm. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1267340. [PMID: 37818313 PMCID: PMC10560995 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1267340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Tomato is a high economic value crop worldwide with recognized nutritional properties and diverse postharvest potential. Nowadays, there is an emerging awareness about the exploitation and utilization of underutilized traditional germplasm in modern breeding programs. In this context, the existing diversity among Greek accessions in terms of their postharvest life and nutritional value remains largely unexplored. Methods Herein, a detailed evaluation of 130 tomato Greek accessions for postharvest and nutritional characteristics was performed, using metabolomics and transcriptomics, leading to the selection of accessions with these interesting traits. Results The results showed remarkable differences among tomato Greek accessions for overall ripening parameters (color, firmness) and weight loss. On the basis of their postharvest performance, a balance between short shelf life (SSL) and long shelf life (LSL) accessions was revealed. Metabolome analysis performed on 14 selected accessions with contrasting shelf-life potential identified a total of 206 phytonutrients and volatile compounds. In turn, transcriptome analysis in fruits from the best SSL and the best LSL accessions revealed remarkable differences in the expression profiles of transcripts involved in key metabolic pathways related to fruit quality and postharvest potential. Discussion The pathways towards cell wall synthesis, polyamine synthesis, ABA catabolism, and steroidal alkaloids synthesis were mostly induced in the LSL accession, whereas those related to ethylene biosynthesis, cell wall degradation, isoprenoids, phenylpropanoids, ascorbic acid and aroma (TomloxC) were stimulated in the SSL accession. Overall, these data would provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanism towards enhancing shelf-life and improving flavor and aroma of modern tomato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifigeneia Mellidou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization – DEMETER, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Koukounaras
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sarah Frusciante
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Development (ENEA), Biotechnology Laboratory, Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - José L. Rambla
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Efstathia Patelou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Symela Ntoanidou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Clara Pons
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Stefanos Kostas
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Antonio Granell
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Diretto
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Development (ENEA), Biotechnology Laboratory, Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelos K. Kanellis
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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28
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Liu Z, Liang T, Kang C. Molecular bases of strawberry fruit quality traits: Advances, challenges, and opportunities. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:900-914. [PMID: 37399254 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The strawberry is one of the world's most popular fruits, providing humans with vitamins, fibers, and antioxidants. Cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an allo-octoploid and highly heterozygous, making it a challenge for breeding, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, and gene discovery. Some wild strawberry relatives, such as Fragaria vesca, have diploid genomes and are becoming laboratory models for the cultivated strawberry. Recent advances in genome sequencing and CRISPR-mediated genome editing have greatly improved the understanding of various aspects of strawberry growth and development in both cultivated and wild strawberries. This review focuses on fruit quality traits that are most relevant to the consumers, including fruit aroma, sweetness, color, firmness, and shape. Recently available phased-haplotype genomes, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, extensive fruit transcriptomes, and other big data have made it possible to locate key genomic regions or pinpoint specific genes that underlie volatile synthesis, anthocyanin accumulation for fruit color, and sweetness intensity or perception. These new advances will greatly facilitate marker-assisted breeding, the introgression of missing genes into modern varieties, and precise genome editing of selected genes and pathways. Strawberries are poised to benefit from these recent advances, providing consumers with fruit that is tastier, longer-lasting, healthier, and more beautiful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchi Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Tong Liang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunying Kang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
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29
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Barnett JR, Tieman DM, Caicedo AL. Variation in ripe fruit volatiles across the tomato clade: An evolutionary framework for studying fruit scent diversity in a crop wild relative. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16223. [PMID: 37551422 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The scents of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an important component of ripe fleshy fruit attractiveness, yet their variation across closely related wild species is poorly understood. Phylogenetic patterns in these compounds and their biosynthetic pathways offer insight into the evolutionary drivers of fruit diversity, including whether scent can communicate an honest signal of nutrient content to animal dispersers. We assessed ripe fruit VOC content across the tomato clade (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon), with implications for crop improvement since these compounds are key components of tomato flavor. METHODS We analyzed ripe fruit volatiles from 13 species of wild tomato grown in a common garden. Interspecific variations in 66 compounds and their biosynthetic pathways were assessed in 32 accessions, and an accession-level phylogeny was constructed to account for relatedness. RESULTS Wild tomato species can be differentiated by their VOCs, with Solanum pennellii notably distinct. Phylogenetic conservatism exists to a limited extent. Major cladewide patterns corresponded to divergence of the five brightly colored-fruited species from the nine green-fruited species, particularly for nitrogen-containing compounds (higher in colored-fruited) and esters (higher in green-fruited), the latter appearing to signal a sugar reward. CONCLUSIONS We established a framework for fruit scent evolution studies in a crop wild relative system, showing that each species in the tomato clade has a unique VOC profile. Differences between color groups align with fruit syndromes that could be driven by selection from frugivores. The evolution of colored fruits was accompanied by changes in biosynthetic pathways for esters and nitrogen-containing compounds, volatiles important to tomato flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Barnett
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Denise M Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ana L Caicedo
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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30
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Walker TWN, Schrodt F, Allard PM, Defossez E, Jassey VEJ, Schuman MC, Alexander JM, Baines O, Baldy V, Bardgett RD, Capdevila P, Coley PD, van Dam NM, David B, Descombes P, Endara MJ, Fernandez C, Forrister D, Gargallo-Garriga A, Glauser G, Marr S, Neumann S, Pellissier L, Peters K, Rasmann S, Roessner U, Salguero-Gómez R, Sardans J, Weckwerth W, Wolfender JL, Peñuelas J. Leaf metabolic traits reveal hidden dimensions of plant form and function. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi4029. [PMID: 37647404 PMCID: PMC10468135 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The metabolome is the biochemical basis of plant form and function, but we know little about its macroecological variation across the plant kingdom. Here, we used the plant functional trait concept to interpret leaf metabolome variation among 457 tropical and 339 temperate plant species. Distilling metabolite chemistry into five metabolic functional traits reveals that plants vary on two major axes of leaf metabolic specialization-a leaf chemical defense spectrum and an expression of leaf longevity. Axes are similar for tropical and temperate species, with many trait combinations being viable. However, metabolic traits vary orthogonally to life-history strategies described by widely used functional traits. The metabolome thus expands the functional trait concept by providing additional axes of metabolic specialization for examining plant form and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom W. N. Walker
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Schrodt
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Defossez
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Vincent E. J. Jassey
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Meredith C. Schuman
- Departments of Geography and Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jake M. Alexander
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Baines
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Virginie Baldy
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Richard D. Bardgett
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Pol Capdevila
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Phyllis D. Coley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Nicole M. van Dam
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental crops (IGZ), 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bruno David
- Green Mission Pierre Fabre, Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, 31562 Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice Descombes
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Musée et Jardins botaniques cantonaux, 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - María-José Endara
- Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, 170124 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Catherine Fernandez
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Dale Forrister
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gaëtan Glauser
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sue Marr
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Scientific Data, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Steffen Neumann
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Scientific Data, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Kristian Peters
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Scientific Data, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Sergio Rasmann
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Ute Roessner
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 2601 Acton, Australia
| | | | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, 1010 University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center, 1010 University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
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31
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Li X, Tieman D, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Klee HJ. Natural variations in the Sl-AKR9 aldo/keto reductase gene impact fruit flavor volatile and sugar contents. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1134-1150. [PMID: 37243881 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The unique flavors of different fruits depend upon complex blends of soluble sugars, organic acids, and volatile organic compounds. 2-Phenylethanol and phenylacetaldehyde are major contributors to flavor in many foods, including tomato. In the tomato fruit, glucose, and fructose are the chemicals that most positively contribute to human flavor preferences. We identified a gene encoding a tomato aldo/keto reductase, Sl-AKR9, that is associated with phenylacetaldehyde and 2-phenylethanol contents in fruits. Two distinct haplotypes were identified; one encodes a chloroplast-targeted protein while the other encodes a transit peptide-less protein that accumulates in the cytoplasm. Sl-AKR9 effectively catalyzes reduction of phenylacetaldehyde to 2-phenylethanol. The enzyme can also metabolize sugar-derived reactive carbonyls, including glyceraldehyde and methylglyoxal. CRISPR-Cas9-induced loss-of-function mutations in Sl-AKR9 significantly increased phenylacetaldehyde and lowered 2-phenylethanol content in ripe fruit. Reduced fruit weight and increased soluble solids, glucose, and fructose contents were observed in the loss-of-function fruits. These results reveal a previously unidentified mechanism affecting two flavor-associated phenylalanine-derived volatile organic compounds, sugar content, and fruit weight. Modern varieties of tomato almost universally contain the haplotype associated with larger fruit, lower sugar content, and lower phenylacetaldehyde and 2-phenylethanol, likely leading to flavor deterioration in modern varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Denise Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Harry J Klee
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
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32
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Li X, Wang J, Su M, Zhang M, Hu Y, Du J, Zhou H, Yang X, Zhang X, Jia H, Gao Z, Ye Z. Multiple-statistical genome-wide association analysis and genomic prediction of fruit aroma and agronomic traits in peaches. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad117. [PMID: 37577398 PMCID: PMC10419450 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
'Chinese Cling' is an important founder in peach breeding history due to the pleasant flavor. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) combined with genomic selection are promising tools in fruit tree breeding, as there is a considerable time lapse between crossing and release of a cultivar. In this study, 242 peaches from Shanghai germplasm were genotyped with 145 456 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The six agronomic traits of fruit flesh color, fruit shape, fruit hairiness, flower type, pollen sterility, and soluble solids content, along with 14 key volatile odor compounds (VOCs), were recorded for multiple-statistical GWAS. Except the reported candidate genes, six novel genes were identified as associated with these traits. Thirty-nine significant SNPs were associated with eight VOCs. The putative candidate genes were confirmed for VOCs by RNA-seq, including three genes in the biosynthesis pathway found to be associated with linalool, soluble solids content, and cis-3-hexenyl acetate. Multiple-trait genomic prediction enhanced the predictive ability for γ-decalactone to 0.7415 compared with the single-trait model value of 0.1017. One PTS1-SSR marker was designed to predict the linalool content, and the favorable genotype 187/187 was confirmed, mainly existing in the 'Shanghai Shuimi' landrace. Overall, our findings will be helpful in determining peach accessions with the ideal phenotype and show the potential of multiple-trait genomic prediction to improve accuracy for highly correlated genetic traits. The diagnostic marker will be valuable for the breeder to bridge the gap between quantitative trait loci and marker-assisted selection for developing strong-aroma cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongwei Li
- Peach Research Department of Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization (Southwest Minzu University, Ministry of Education), Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mingshen Su
- Peach Research Department of Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- Peach Research Department of Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Peach Research Department of Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jihong Du
- Peach Research Department of Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Huijuan Zhou
- Peach Research Department of Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Peach Group of Shanghai Runzhuang Agricultural Science and Technology Institute, Shanghai 201415, China
| | - Xianan Zhang
- Peach Research Department of Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Huijuan Jia
- Department of Horticulture, Key Laboratory for Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement of State Agriculture Ministry, Zhejiang Unihversity, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhongshan Gao
- Department of Horticulture, Key Laboratory for Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement of State Agriculture Ministry, Zhejiang Unihversity, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhengwen Ye
- Peach Research Department of Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
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33
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Kaur G, Abugu M, Tieman D. The dissection of tomato flavor: biochemistry, genetics, and omics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1144113. [PMID: 37346138 PMCID: PMC10281629 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Flavor and quality are the major drivers of fruit consumption in the US. However, the poor flavor of modern commercial tomato varieties is a major cause of consumer dissatisfaction. Studies in flavor research have informed the role of volatile organic compounds in improving overall liking and sweetness of tomatoes. These studies have utilized and applied the tools of molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, omics, machine learning, and gene editing to elucidate the compounds and biochemical pathways essential for good tasting fruit. Here, we discuss the progress in identifying the biosynthetic pathways and chemical modifications of important tomato volatile compounds. We also summarize the advances in developing highly flavorful tomato varieties and future steps toward developing a "perfect tomato".
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kaur
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Modesta Abugu
- Department of Horticulture Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Denise Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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34
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Shu P, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Chen Y, Li K, Deng H, Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang J, Liu Z, Xie Y, Du K, Li M, Bouzayen M, Hong Y, Zhang Y, Liu M. A comprehensive metabolic map reveals major quality regulations in red-flesh kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2064-2079. [PMID: 36843264 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) is one of the popular fruits world-wide, and its quality is mainly determined by key metabolites (sugars, flavonoids, and vitamins). Previous works on kiwifruit are mostly done via a single omics approach or involve only limited metabolites. Consequently, the dynamic metabolomes during kiwifruit development and ripening and the underlying regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, using high-resolution metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, we investigated kiwifruit metabolic landscapes at 11 different developmental and ripening stages and revealed a parallel classification of 515 metabolites and their co-expressed genes into 10 distinct metabolic vs gene modules (MM vs GM). Through integrative bioinformatics coupled with functional genomic assays, we constructed a global map and uncovered essential transcriptomic and transcriptional regulatory networks for all major metabolic changes that occurred throughout the kiwifruit growth cycle. Apart from known MM vs GM for metabolites such as soluble sugars, we identified novel transcription factors that regulate the accumulation of procyanidins, vitamin C, and other important metabolites. Our findings thus shed light on the kiwifruit metabolic regulatory network and provide a valuable resource for the designed improvement of kiwifruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Kunyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Heng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, 610213, Sichuan, China
| | - Kui Du
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, 610213, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, 610213, Sichuan, China
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- GBF Laboratory, Université de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, 31320, France
| | - Yiguo Hong
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, WR2 6AJ, UK
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
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Yoo HJ, Chung MY, Lee HA, Lee SB, Grandillo S, Giovannoni JJ, Lee JM. Natural overexpression of CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 4 in tomato alters carotenoid flux. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1289-1306. [PMID: 36715630 PMCID: PMC10231392 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids and apocarotenoids function as pigments and flavor volatiles in plants that enhance consumer appeal and offer health benefits. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum.) fruit, especially those of wild species, exhibit a high degree of natural variation in carotenoid and apocarotenoid contents. Using positional cloning and an introgression line (IL) of Solanum habrochaites "LA1777', IL8A, we identified carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 (CCD4) as the factor responsible for controlling the dark orange fruit color. CCD4b expression in ripe fruit of IL8A plants was ∼8,000 times greater than that in the wild type, presumably due to 5' cis-regulatory changes. The ShCCD4b-GFP fusion protein localized in the plastid. Phytoene, ζ-carotene, and neurosporene levels increased in ShCCD4b-overexpressing ripe fruit, whereas trans-lycopene, β-carotene, and lutein levels were reduced, suggestive of feedback regulation in the carotenoid pathway by an unknown apocarotenoid. Solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed increased levels of geranylacetone and β-ionone in ShCCD4b-overexpressing ripe fruit coupled with a β-cyclocitral deficiency. In carotenoid-accumulating Escherichia coli strains, ShCCD4b cleaved both ζ-carotene and β-carotene at the C9-C10 (C9'-C10') positions to produce geranylacetone and β-ionone, respectively. Exogenous β-cyclocitral decreased carotenoid synthesis in the ripening fruit of tomato and pepper (Capsicum annuum), suggesting feedback inhibition in the pathway. Our findings will be helpful for enhancing the aesthetic and nutritional value of tomato and for understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms of carotenoid and apocarotenoid biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Ju Yoo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Mi-Young Chung
- Department of Agricultural Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Lee
- Division of Eco-Friendly Horticulture, Yonam College, Cheonan 31005, Korea
| | - Soo-Bin Lee
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Silvana Grandillo
- CNR-Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (IBBR), Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - James J Giovannoni
- Boyce Thompson Institute and USDA-ARS Robert W. Holley Center, Tower Rd., Cornell University Campus, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Je Min Lee
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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36
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Fu G, Ren Y, Kang J, Wang B, Zhang J, Fang J, Wu W. Integrative analysis of grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L) transcriptome reveals regulatory network for Chardonnay quality formation. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1187842. [PMID: 37324731 PMCID: PMC10265639 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1187842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins, total phenols, soluble sugar and fruit shape plays a significant role in determining the distinct fruit quality and customer preference. However, for the majority of fruit species, little is known about the transcriptomics and underlying regulatory networks that control the generation of overall quality during fruit growth and ripening. This study incorporated the quality-related transcriptome data from 6 ecological zones across 3 fruit development and maturity phases of Chardonnay cultivars. With the help of this dataset, we were able to build a complex regulatory network that may be used to identify important structural genes and transcription factors that control the anthocyanins, total phenols, soluble sugars and fruit shape in grapes. Overall, our findings set the groundwork to improve grape quality in addition to offering novel views on quality control during grape development and ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqing Fu
- Research Institute of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhua Ren
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Horticultural College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Research Institute of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junxiang Zhang
- Food and Wine Academy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jinggui Fang
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Food and Wine Academy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Weimin Wu
- Research Institute of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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37
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Nguyen NH, Bui TP, Le NT, Nguyen CX, Le MTT, Dao NT, Phan Q, Van Le T, To HMT, Pham NB, Chu HH, Do PT. Disrupting Sc-uORFs of a transcription factor bZIP1 using CRISPR/Cas9 enhances sugar and amino acid contents in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). PLANTA 2023; 257:57. [PMID: 36795295 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Induced mutations in the SC-uORF of the tomato transcription factor gene SlbZIP1 by the CRISPR/Cas9 system led to the high accumulation of sugar and amino acid contents in tomato fruits. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most popular and consumed vegetable crops in the world. Among important traits for tomato improvement such as yield, biotic and abiotic resistances, appearance, post-harvest shelf life and fruit quality, the last one seems to face more challenges because of its genetic and biochemical complexities. In this study, a dual-gRNAs CRISPR/Cas9 system was developed to induce targeted mutations in uORF regions of the SlbZIP1, a gene involved in the sucrose-induced repression of translation (SIRT) mechanism. Different induced mutations in the SlbZIP1-uORF region were identified at the T0 generation, stably transferred to the offspring, and no mutation was found at potential off-target sites. The induced mutations in the SlbZIP1-uORF region affected the transcription of SlbZIP1 and related genes in sugar and amino acid biosynthesis. Fruit component analysis showed significant increases in soluble solid, sugar and total amino acid contents in all SlbZIP1-uORF mutant lines. The accumulation of sour-tasting amino acids, including aspartic and glutamic acids, raised from 77 to 144%, while the accumulation of sweet-tasting amino acids such as alanine, glycine, proline, serine, and threonine increased from 14 to 107% in the mutant plants. Importantly, the potential SlbZIP1-uORF mutant lines with desirable fruit traits and no impaired effect on plant phenotype, growth and development were identified under the growth chamber condition. Our result indicates the potential utility of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for fruit quality improvement in tomato and other important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhung Hong Nguyen
- Laboratory of Plant Cell of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thao Phuong Bui
- Laboratory of Plant Cell of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Thu Le
- Laboratory of Plant Cell of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Xuan Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - My Tra Thi Le
- Laboratory of Plant Cell of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nhan Trong Dao
- Laboratory of Plant Cell of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quyen Phan
- Laboratory of Plant Cell of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trong Van Le
- National Center for Food Analysis and Assessment, Food Industries Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Mai Thi To
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Bich Pham
- Laboratory of Applied DNA Technology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Hoang Chu
- Laboratory of Plant Cell of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phat Tien Do
- Laboratory of Plant Cell of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Causse M, Bénéjam J, Bineau E, Bitton F, Brault M, Carretero Y, Desaint H, Hereil A, Pellegrino K, Pelpoir E, Zhao J. Genetic control of tomato fruit quality: from QTL mapping to Genome Wide Association studies and breeding. C R Biol 2023; 345:3-13. [PMID: 36847117 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Consumers began to complain about the taste of tomato varieties in the late 1990's. Although tomato taste is influenced by environmental and post-harvest conditions, varieties show a large diversity for fruit quality traits. We herein review our past and present research work intended to improve tomato fruit quality. First, results from sensory analysis allowed identifying important traits for consumer preferences. Then, we dissected the genetic control of flavor related traits by mapping several QTL in the last 20 years, and identified the genes corresponding to a few major QTL. Since the availability of the tomato genome sequence, genome-wide association studies were performed on several panels of tomato accessions. We discovered a large number of associations for fruit composition and identified relevant allele combinations for breeding. We then performed a meta-analysis combining the results of several studies. We also checked the inheritance of quality traits at the hybrid level and assessed how genomic prediction could help selecting better tomato varieties.
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Zhang H, Zhu X, Xu R, Yuan Y, Abugu MN, Yan C, Tieman D, Li X. Postharvest chilling diminishes melon flavor via effects on volatile acetate ester biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1067680. [PMID: 36684781 PMCID: PMC9853462 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1067680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In postharvest handling systems, refrigeration can extend fruit shelf life and delay decay via slowing ripening progress; however, it selectively alters the biosynthesis of flavor-associated volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which results in reduced flavor quality. Volatile esters are major contributors to melon fruit flavor. The more esters, the more consumers enjoy the melon fruit. However, the effects of chilling on melon flavor and volatiles associated with consumer liking are yet to be fully understood. In the present study, consumer sensory evaluation showed that chilling changed the perception of melon fruit. Total ester content was lower after chilling, particularly volatile acetate esters (VAEs). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that transcript abundance of multiple flavor-associated genes in fatty acid and amino acid pathways was reduced after chilling. Additionally, expression levels of the transcription factors (TFs), such as NOR, MYB, and AP2/ERF, also were substantially downregulated, which likely altered the transcript levels of ester-associated pathway genes during cold storage. VAE content and expression of some key genes recover after transfer to room temperature. Therefore, chilling-induced changes of VAE profiles were consistent with expression patterns of some pathway genes that encode specific fatty acid- and amino acid-mobilizing enzymes as well as TFs involved in fruit ripening, metabolic regulation, and hormone signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhang
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiuxiu Zhu
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Runzhe Xu
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Yushu Yuan
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Modesta N. Abugu
- Horticultural Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Congsheng Yan
- Horticultural Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Denise Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Xiang Li
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Farneti B, Khomenko I, Ajelli M, Wells KE, Betta E, Aprea E, Giongo L, Biasioli F. Volatilomics of raspberry fruit germplasm by combining chromatographic and direct-injection mass spectrometric techniques. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1155564. [PMID: 37122562 PMCID: PMC10133483 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1155564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of direct-injection mass spectrometric (DI-MS) techniques, like Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) has been suggested as a reliable phenotyping tool for fruit volatilome assessment in both genetic and quality-related studies. In this study the complexity of raspberry aroma was investigated by a comprehensive untargeted VOC analysis, done by combining SPME-GC-MS and PTR-ToF-MS assessments with multi-block discriminant analysis using the DIABLO mixOmics framework. The aim was to acquire an exhaustive characterization of the raspberry volatilome according to different fruit ripening stages (pink, ripe, and overripe) and genetic variances (50 accessions), as well as to investigate the potential of PTR-ToF-MS as a rapid and high throughput VOC phenotyping tool to address issues related to raspberry fruit quality. Results of this study demonstrated the complementarity between SPME-GC-MS and PTR-ToF-MS techniques to evaluate the raspberry aroma composition. PTR-ToF-MS generates reliable raspberry VOC fingerprints mainly due to a reduced compound fragmentation and precise content estimation. In addition, the high collinearity between isomers of monoterpenes and norisoprenoids, discovered by GC analysis, reduces the main analytic limitation of PTR-ToF-MS of not being able to separate isomeric molecules. The high similarity between the VOC matrices obtained by applying PTR-ToF-MS and SPME-GC-MS confirmed the possibility of using PTR-ToF-MS as a reliable high throughput phenotyping tool for raspberry volatiolome assessment. In addition, results provided by the germplasm collection investigation enabled to distinguish the best performing accessions, based on VOCs composition, to be used as superior parental lines for future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Farneti
- Berries Genetics and Breeding Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Brian Farneti,
| | - Iuliia Khomenko
- Sensory Quality Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| | - Matteo Ajelli
- Berries Genetics and Breeding Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| | - Karen Elizabeth Wells
- Berries Genetics and Breeding Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| | - Emanuela Betta
- Sensory Quality Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| | - Eugenio Aprea
- Sensory Quality Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment C3A, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Lara Giongo
- Berries Genetics and Breeding Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Sensory Quality Unit, Research and Innovation Centre of Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
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Zheng M, Deng Y, Zhou Y, Liu R, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhu W, Zhou Z, Diao J. Multifaceted effects of difenoconazole in tomato fruit ripening: Physiology, flavour and nutritional quality. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:223-235. [PMID: 36434985 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Difenoconazole is widely used in crop growth, however, its effects on the quality of agricultural products are poorly studied. In this study, the application of difenoconazole on tomato plants could increase soluble sugar content, reduce organic acid and raise accumulation of nutrient-related metabolites during late fruit ripening. Consumer surveys in our study showed that the treatment of difenoconazole tomatoes group had higher sweetness and lower acidity, and those tomatoes were preferred by consumers. Alterations in fruit flavor-related attributes were at least in part corroborated by the abundance of transcripts related to sucrose (SlLin5, SlLin7, SlSuS2, SlSuS6, SlSPS1, SlSPS3) and organic acids (CS, ICDH, cMDH) anabolism. Furthermore, the difenoconazole also significantly promoted the expression of phytohormones synthesis genes, and consequently increased abscisic acid and ethylene levels. Our study not only provides theoretical support for the use of difenoconazole on tomatoes at the level of flavor quality and nutritional health, but also provides valuable information on the mechanism of triazole fungicides in the flavor quality of tomato fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yihui Zhou
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, China.
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42
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Deng Y, Liu R, Zheng M, Wang Z, Yu S, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Diao J. From the First to Third Generation of Neonicotinoids: Implication for Saving the Loss of Fruit Quality and Flavor by Pesticide Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15415-15429. [PMID: 36451590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids can control crop pests with high efficiency and low cost and have quickly swept one-fourth of the global insecticide market since the launch of imidacloprid in 1991. Imidacloprid and acetamiprid, the first generation of neonicotinoids, and dinotefuran, the representative of third generation of neonicotinoids, were applied on tomato plants individually to investigate neonicotinoid effects on tomato fruit quality, especially on appearance parameters, sugar, acid, and aroma compounds. Compared with the control, fewer differences in the transcriptome profile, sugar, acid, and volatile organic compound (VOC) contents, and sensory analysis results were shown in dinotefuran treatments than in the other two treatments. Therefore, dinotefuran was more recommended to control pests of tomatoes with less loss of fruit flavor and quality as well as lower ecological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Deng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Zikang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Simin Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Zhou
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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43
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Kaleem MM, Nawaz MA, Ding X, Wen S, Shireen F, Cheng J, Bie Z. Comparative analysis of pumpkin rootstocks mediated impact on melon sensory fruit quality through integration of non-targeted metabolomics and sensory evaluation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 192:320-330. [PMID: 36302334 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Melon fruits are popular because of sweet taste and pleasant aroma. Grafting has been extensively used for melons to alleviate abiotic stresses and control soil borne diseases. However, use of grafting for vegetable fruit quality improvement is less studies. In modern age fruit quality particularly sensory quality characteristics have key importance from consumer eye lens. We performed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and metabonomic analysis to examine sensory fruit quality of melon grafted onto ten different pumpkin rootstocks. Bases on the result of our study, 478 metabolites were detected and 184 metabolites consisting of lipids, amino acids and organic oxygen compounds were differentially expressed in grafted melon fruits. The results from metabolomic, physiochemical and sensory analysis explain the differences in melon fruit flavor from two contrasting rootstocks. In conclusion the fruits from Tianzhen No. 1 rootstock exhibited better organoleptic characteristics and higher soluble sugars content [glucose (19.87 mg/g), fructose (19.68 mg/g) and sucrose (169.45 mg/g)] compared with other rootstocks used in this study. Moreover, the contents of bitterness causing amino acids such as L-arginine, L-asparagine, Histidinyl-histidine and Acetyl-DL-valine were found lower in Tianzhen No. 1-grafted melon fruits compared with Sizhuang No. 12-grafted melon fruits. These fruit quality characteristics made Tianzhen No. 1 rootstock suitable for commercial cultivation of Yuniang melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin Kaleem
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/ Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Azher Nawaz
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
| | - Xiaochen Ding
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/ Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Suying Wen
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/ Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Fareeha Shireen
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/ Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Jintao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/ Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Zhilong Bie
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/ Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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Fan Z, Tieman DM, Knapp SJ, Zerbe P, Famula R, Barbey CR, Folta KM, Amadeu RR, Lee M, Oh Y, Lee S, Whitaker VM. A multi-omics framework reveals strawberry flavor genes and their regulatory elements. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1089-1107. [PMID: 35916073 PMCID: PMC9805237 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flavor is essential to consumer preference of foods and is an increasing focus of plant breeding programs. In fruit crops, identifying genes underlying volatile organic compounds has great promise to accelerate flavor improvement, but polyploidy and heterozygosity in many species have slowed progress. Here we use octoploid cultivated strawberry to demonstrate how genomic heterozygosity, transcriptomic intricacy and fruit metabolomic diversity can be treated as strengths and leveraged to uncover fruit flavor genes and their regulatory elements. Multi-omics datasets were generated including an expression quantitative trait loci map with 196 diverse breeding lines, haplotype-phased genomes of a highly-flavored breeding selection, a genome-wide structural variant map using five haplotypes, and volatile genome-wide association study (GWAS) with > 300 individuals. Overlaying regulatory elements, structural variants and GWAS-linked allele-specific expression of numerous genes to variation in volatile compounds important to flavor. In one example, the functional role of anthranilate synthase alpha subunit 1 in methyl anthranilate biosynthesis was supported via fruit transient gene expression assays. These results demonstrate a framework for flavor gene discovery in fruit crops and a pathway to molecular breeding of cultivars with complex and desirable flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fan
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education CenterWimaumaFL33597USA
| | - Denise M. Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA
| | - Steven J. Knapp
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA95616USA
| | - Philipp Zerbe
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA
| | - Randi Famula
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA95616USA
| | - Christopher R. Barbey
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education CenterWimaumaFL33597USA
| | - Kevin M. Folta
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA
| | - Rodrigo R. Amadeu
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA
| | - Manbo Lee
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education CenterWimaumaFL33597USA
| | - Youngjae Oh
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education CenterWimaumaFL33597USA
| | - Seonghee Lee
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education CenterWimaumaFL33597USA
| | - Vance M. Whitaker
- Horticultural Sciences DepartmentUniversity of Florida, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education CenterWimaumaFL33597USA
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Wang S, Qiang Q, Xiang L, Fernie AR, Yang J. Targeted approaches to improve tomato fruit taste. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac229. [PMID: 36643745 PMCID: PMC9832879 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is the most valuable fruit and horticultural crop species worldwide. Compared with the fruits of their progenitors, those of modern tomato cultivars are, however, often described as having unsatisfactory taste or lacking flavor. The flavor of a tomato fruit arises from a complex mix of tastes and volatile metabolites, including sugars, acids, amino acids, and various volatiles. However, considerable differences in fruit flavor occur among tomato varieties, resulting in mixed consumer experiences. While tomato breeding has traditionally been driven by the desire for continual increases in yield and the introduction of traits that provide a long shelf-life, consumers are prepared to pay a reasonable premium for taste. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize preferences of tomato flavor and to define its underlying genetic basis. Here, we review recent conceptual and technological advances that have rendered this more feasible, including multi-omics-based QTL and association analyses, along with the use of trained testing panels, and machine learning approaches. This review proposes how the comprehensive datasets compiled to date could allow a precise rational design of tomato germplasm resources with improved organoleptic quality for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouchuang Wang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: , or . Tel: 86-0898-66184571. Fax number: 0898-66184571
| | | | - Lijun Xiang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: , or . Tel: 86-0898-66184571. Fax number: 0898-66184571
| | - Jun Yang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: , or . Tel: 86-0898-66184571. Fax number: 0898-66184571
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Sánchez-Gómez C, Posé D, Martín-Pizarro C. Insights into transcription factors controlling strawberry fruit development and ripening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1022369. [PMID: 36299782 PMCID: PMC9589285 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1022369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fruit ripening is a highly regulated and complex process involving a series of physiological and biochemical changes aiming to maximize fruit organoleptic traits to attract herbivores, maximizing therefore seed dispersal. Furthermore, this process is of key importance for fruit quality and therefore consumer acceptance. In fleshy fruits, ripening involves an alteration in color, in the content of sugars, organic acids and secondary metabolites, such as volatile compounds, which influence flavor and aroma, and the remodeling of cell walls, resulting in the softening of the fruit. The mechanisms underlying these processes rely on the action of phytohormones, transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. Strawberry fruit is considered a model of non-climacteric species, as its ripening is mainly controlled by abscisic acid. Besides the role of phytohormones in the regulation of strawberry fruit ripening, a number of transcription factors have been identified as important regulators of these processes to date. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the role of transcription factors in the regulation of strawberry fruit ripening, as well as in compiling candidate regulators that might play an important role but that have not been functionally studied to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Posé
- *Correspondence: David Posé, ; Carmen Martín-Pizarro,
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47
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Souleyre EJF, Nieuwenhuizen NJ, Wang MY, Winz RA, Matich AJ, Ileperuma NR, Tang H, Baldwin SJ, Wang T, List BW, Hoeata KA, Popowski EA, Atkinson RG. Alcohol acyl transferase genes at a high-flavor intensity locus contribute to ester biosynthesis in kiwifruit. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1100-1116. [PMID: 35916752 PMCID: PMC9516725 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Volatile esters are key compounds contributing to flavor intensity in commonly consumed fruits including apple (Malus domestica), strawberry (Fragaria spp.), and banana (Musa sapientum). In kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.), ethyl butanoate and other esters have been proposed to contribute fruity, sweet notes to commercial cultivars. Here, we investigated the genetic basis for ester production in Actinidia in an A. chinensis mapping population (AcMPO). A major quantitative trait loci for the production of multiple esters was identified at the high-flavor intensity (HiFI) locus on chromosome 20. This locus co-located with eight tandemly arrayed alcohol acyl transferase genes in the Red5 genome that were expressed in a ripening-specific fashion that corresponded with ester production. Biochemical characterization suggested two genes at the HiFI locus, alcohol acyl transferase 16-b/c (AT16-MPb/c), probably contributed most to the production of ethyl butanoate. A third gene, AT16-MPa, probably contributed more to hexyl butanoate and butyl hexanoate production, two esters that segregated in AcMPO. Sensory analysis of AcMPO indicated that fruit from segregating lines with high ester concentrations were more commonly described as being "fruity" as opposed to "beany". The downregulation of AT16-MPa-c by RNAi reduced ester production in ripe "Hort16A" fruit by >90%. Gas chromatography-olfactometry indicated the loss of the major "fruity" notes contributed by ethyl butanoate. A comparison of unimproved Actinidia germplasm with those of commercial cultivars indicated that the selection of fruit with high concentrations of alkyl esters (but not green note aldehydes) was probably an important selection trait in kiwifruit cultivation. Understanding ester production at the HiFI locus is a critical step toward maintaining and improving flavor intensity in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niels J Nieuwenhuizen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Mindy Y Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Robert A Winz
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Adam J Matich
- Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nadeesha R Ileperuma
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Haidee Tang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | | | - Tianchi Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Blake W List
- Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Lincoln, 7608, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Ross G Atkinson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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48
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Gao Y, Yao Y, Chen X, Wu J, Wu Q, Liu S, Guo A, Zhang X. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanism of sweet-acidic taste formation during pineapple fruit development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:971506. [PMID: 36161024 PMCID: PMC9493369 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.971506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) is one of the most valuable subtropical fruit crop in the world. The sweet-acidic taste of the pineapple fruits is a major contributor to the characteristic of fruit quality, but its formation mechanism remains elusive. Here, targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed during the fruit developmental stages in two pineapple cultivars ("Comte de Paris" and "MD-2") to gain a global view of the metabolism and transport pathways involved in sugar and organic acid accumulation. Assessment of the levels of different sugar and acid components during fruit development revealed that the predominant sugar and organic acid in mature fruits of both cultivars was sucrose and citric acid, respectively. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis of metabolic phenotypes and gene expression profiling enabled the identification of 21 genes associated with sucrose accumulation and 19 genes associated with citric acid accumulation. The coordinated interaction of the 21 genes correlated with sucrose irreversible hydrolysis, resynthesis, and transport could be responsible for sucrose accumulation in pineapple fruit. In addition, citric acid accumulation might be controlled by the coordinated interaction of the pyruvate-to-acetyl-CoA-to-citrate pathway, gamma-aminobutyric acid pathway, and tonoplast proton pumps in pineapple. These results provide deep insights into the metabolic regulation of sweetness and acidity in pineapple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Gao
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Fruit Biology, South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanli Yao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Fruit Biology, South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Taixing Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Taixing, China
| | - Jianyang Wu
- Department of Science Education, Zhanjiang Preschool Education College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qingsong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Fruit Biology, South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shenghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Fruit Biology, South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Anping Guo
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Fruit Biology, South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
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49
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Senger E, Osorio S, Olbricht K, Shaw P, Denoyes B, Davik J, Predieri S, Karhu S, Raubach S, Lippi N, Höfer M, Cockerton H, Pradal C, Kafkas E, Litthauer S, Amaya I, Usadel B, Mezzetti B. Towards smart and sustainable development of modern berry cultivars in Europe. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:1238-1251. [PMID: 35751152 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fresh berries are a popular and important component of the human diet. The demand for high-quality berries and sustainable production methods is increasing globally, challenging breeders to develop modern berry cultivars that fulfill all desired characteristics. Since 1994, research projects have characterized genetic resources, developed modern tools for high-throughput screening, and published data in publicly available repositories. However, the key findings of different disciplines are rarely linked together, and only a limited range of traits and genotypes has been investigated. The Horizon2020 project BreedingValue will address these challenges by studying a broader panel of strawberry, raspberry and blueberry genotypes in detail, in order to recover the lost genetic diversity that has limited the aroma and flavor intensity of recent cultivars. We will combine metabolic analysis with sensory panel tests and surveys to identify the key components of taste, flavor and aroma in berries across Europe, leading to a high-resolution map of quality requirements for future berry cultivars. Traits linked to berry yields and the effect of environmental stress will be investigated using modern image analysis methods and modeling. We will also use genetic analysis to determine the genetic basis of complex traits for the development and optimization of modern breeding technologies, such as molecular marker arrays, genomic selection and genome-wide association studies. Finally, the results, raw data and metadata will be made publicly available on the open platform Germinate in order to meet FAIR data principles and provide the basis for sustainable research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Senger
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-4 Bioinformatics, BioSC, CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Sonia Osorio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora', Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Paul Shaw
- Department of Information and Computational Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Scotland, UK
| | - Béatrice Denoyes
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR BFP, INRAE, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jahn Davik
- Department of Molecular Plant Biology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - Stefano Predieri
- Bio-Agrofood Department, Institute for Bioeconomy, IBE-CNR, Italian National Research Council, Bologna, Italy
| | - Saila Karhu
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Turku, Finland
| | - Sebastian Raubach
- Department of Information and Computational Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Scotland, UK
| | - Nico Lippi
- Bio-Agrofood Department, Institute for Bioeconomy, IBE-CNR, Italian National Research Council, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monika Höfer
- Institute of Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Dresden, Germany
| | - Helen Cockerton
- Genetics, Genomics and Breeding Department, NIAB, East Malling, UK
| | - Christophe Pradal
- CIRAD and UMR AGAP Institute, Montpellier, France
- INRIA and LIRMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ebru Kafkas
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Iraida Amaya
- Unidad Asociada deI + D + i IFAPA-CSIC Biotecnología y Mejora en Fresa, Málaga, Spain
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biotecnología, Centro IFAPA de Málaga, Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera, Málaga, Spain
| | - Björn Usadel
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-4 Bioinformatics, BioSC, CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Biological Data Science, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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50
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Gao Y, Lin Y, Xu M, Bian H, Zhang C, Wang J, Wang H, Xu Y, Niu Q, Zuo J, Fu DQ, Pan Y, Chen K, Klee H, Lang Z, Zhang B. The role and interaction between transcription factor NAC-NOR and DNA demethylase SlDML2 in the biosynthesis of tomato fruit flavor volatiles. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1913-1926. [PMID: 35686614 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flavor-imparting volatile chemicals accumulate as fruits ripen, making major contributions to taste. The NAC transcription factor nonripening (NAC-NOR) and DNA demethylase 2 (SlDML2) are essential for tomato fruit ripening, but details of the potential roles and the relationship between these two regulators in the synthesis of volatiles are lacking. Here, we show substantial reductions in fatty acid and carotenoid-derived volatiles in tomato slnor and sldml2 mutants. An unexpected finding is the redundancy and divergence in volatile profiles, biosynthetic gene expression, and DNA methylation in slnor and sldml2 mutants relative to wild-type tomato fruit. Reduced transcript levels are accompanied by hypermethylation of promoters, including the NAC-NOR target gene lipoxygenase (SlLOXC) that is involved in fatty acid-derived volatile synthesis. Interestingly, NAC-NOR activates SlDML2 expression by directly binding to its promoter both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, reduced NAC-NOR expression in the sldml2 mutant is accompanied by hypermethylation of its promoter. These results reveal a relationship between SlDML2-mediated DNA demethylation and NAC-NOR during tomato fruit ripening. In addition to providing new insights into the metabolic modulation of flavor volatiles, the outcome of our study contributes to understanding the genetics and control of fruit ripening and quality attributes in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yujing Lin
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Xu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hanxiao Bian
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hanqing Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yaping Xu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingfeng Niu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinhua Zuo
- Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Da-Qi Fu
- Laboratory of Fruit Biology, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Harry Klee
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetic Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zhaobo Lang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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