1
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Zheng C, Hu G, Wei J, Ma X, Li Z, Chen Y, Ni Z, Li P, Wang Q, Qiu CW. Hyperbolic-to-hyperbolic transition at exceptional Reststrahlen point in rare-earth oxyorthosilicates. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7047. [PMID: 39147731 PMCID: PMC11327244 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Anisotropic optical crystals can exhibit a hyperbolic response within the Reststrahlen band (RB) and support directional polaritonic propagations when interacting with light. Most of the reported low-symmetry optical crystals showcase the evolution from hyperbolic to elliptic dispersion topologies, largely owing to their adjacent RBs being either overlapped or separated. Here, we report an exceptional Reststrahlen point (ERP) in rare-earth oxyorthosilicate Y2SiO5, at which two neighboring RBs almost kiss each other. Consequently, we observe the direct hyperbolic-to-hyperbolic topological transition: the hyperbolic branches close and reopen along with the rotating transverse axis (TA). At such ERP, the TA merges to the direction orthogonal to its proximate phonon mode, mainly due to the interplay between these two non-orthogonal phonon modes. We also find that even with the existence of only one single RB, the TA can rotate in-plane. Our findings are prevalent in isostructural rare-earth oxyorthosilicates, such as Lu2SiO5. The universally underlying physics of ERP and its corresponding special class of rare-earth oxyorthosilicates may offer playgrounds for continuously tuning phonon polariton propagation direction, and broadband controlling light dispersion of polaritonic nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guangwei Hu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingxuan Wei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuezhi Ma
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yinzhu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhua Ni
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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2
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Renzi EM, Galiffi E, Ni X, Alù A. Hyperbolic Shear Metasurfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:263803. [PMID: 38996284 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.263803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Polar dielectrics with low crystal symmetry and sharp phonon resonances can support hyperbolic shear polaritons, which are highly confined surface modes with frequency-dependent optical axes and asymmetric dissipation features. So far, these modes have been observed only in bulk natural materials at midinfrared frequencies, with properties limited by available crystal geometries and phonon resonance strength. Here, we introduce hyperbolic shear metasurfaces, which are ultrathin engineered surfaces supporting hyperbolic surface modes with symmetry-tailored axial dispersion and loss redistribution that can maximally enhance light-matter interactions. By engineering effective shear phenomena in these engineered surfaces, we demonstrate geometry-controlled, ultraconfined, low-loss hyperbolic surface waves with broadband Purcell enhancements applicable across a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico M Renzi
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Physics Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10026, USA
| | | | | | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Physics Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10026, USA
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3
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Shiravi H, Gupta A, Ortiz BR, Cui S, Yu B, Uykur E, Tsirlin AA, Wilson SD, Sun Z, Ni GX. Plasmons in the Kagome metal CsV 3Sb 5. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5389. [PMID: 38918440 PMCID: PMC11199534 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmon polaritons, or plasmons, are coupled oscillations of electrons and electromagnetic fields that can confine the latter into deeply subwavelength scales, enabling novel polaritonic devices. While plasmons have been extensively studied in normal metals or semimetals, they remain largely unexplored in correlated materials. In this paper, we report infrared (IR) nano-imaging of thin flakes of CsV3Sb5, a prototypical layered Kagome metal. We observe propagating plasmon waves in real-space with wavelengths tunable by the flake thickness. From their frequency-momentum dispersion, we infer the out-of-plane dielectric functionϵ c that is generally difficult to obtain in conventional far-field optics, and elucidate signatures of electronic correlations when compared to density functional theory (DFT). We propose correlation effects might have switched the real part ofϵ c from negative to positive values over a wide range of middle-IR frequencies, transforming the surface plasmons into hyperbolic bulk plasmons, and have dramatically suppressed their dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shiravi
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - B R Ortiz
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - S Cui
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - B Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - E Uykur
- Physikalisches Institut, Universit¨at Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - A A Tsirlin
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid-State Physics, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Z Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - G X Ni
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
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4
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Sun T, Chen R, Ma W, Wang H, Yan Q, Luo J, Zhao S, Zhang X, Li P. Van der Waals quaternary oxides for tunable low-loss anisotropic polaritonics. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:758-765. [PMID: 38429492 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of ultraconfined polaritons with extreme anisotropy in a number of van der Waals (vdW) materials has unlocked new prospects for nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications. However, the range of suitable materials for specific applications remains limited. Here we introduce tellurite molybdenum quaternary oxides-which possess non-centrosymmetric crystal structures and extraordinary nonlinear optical properties-as a highly promising vdW family of materials for tunable low-loss anisotropic polaritonics. By employing chemical flux growth and exfoliation techniques, we successfully fabricate high-quality vdW layers of various compounds, including MgTeMoO6, ZnTeMoO6, MnTeMoO6 and CdTeMoO6. We show that these quaternary vdW oxides possess two distinct types of in-plane anisotropic polaritons: slab-confined and edge-confined modes. By leveraging metal cation substitutions, we establish a systematic strategy to finely tune the in-plane polariton propagation, resulting in the selective emergence of circular, elliptical or hyperbolic polariton dispersion, accompanied by ultraslow group velocities (0.0003c) and long lifetimes (5 ps). Moreover, Reststrahlen bands of these quaternary oxides naturally overlap that of α-MoO3, providing opportunities for integration. As an example, we demonstrate that combining α-MoO3 (an in-plane hyperbolic material) with CdTeMoO6 (an in-plane isotropic material) in a heterostructure facilitates collimated, diffractionless polariton propagation. Quaternary oxides expand the family of anisotropic vdW polaritons considerably, and with it, the range of nanophotonics applications that can be envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Runkun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qizhi Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
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5
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Teng H, Chen N, Hu H, García de Abajo FJ, Dai Q. Steering and cloaking of hyperbolic polaritons at deep-subwavelength scales. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4463. [PMID: 38796473 PMCID: PMC11127984 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48318-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polaritons are well-established carriers of light, electrical signals, and even heat at the nanoscale in the setting of on-chip devices. However, the goal of achieving practical polaritonic manipulation over small distances deeply below the light diffraction limit remains elusive. Here, we implement nanoscale polaritonic in-plane steering and cloaking in a low-loss atomically layered van der Waals (vdW) insulator, α-MoO3, comprising building blocks of customizable stacked and assembled structures. Each block contributes specific characteristics that allow us to steer polaritons along the desired trajectories. Our results introduce a natural materials-based approach for the comprehensive manipulation of nanoscale optical fields, advancing research in the vdW polaritonics domain and on-chip nanophotonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Teng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Na Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hai Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), 08860, Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
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6
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Yan Q, Lu D, Chen Q, Luo X, Xu M, Zhang Z, Yang X, Zhang X, Li P. Hybrid Ghost Phonon Polaritons in Thin-Film Heterostructure. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4346-4353. [PMID: 38587212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Ghost phonon polaritons (g-PhPs), a unique class of phonon polaritons in the infrared, feature ultralong diffractionless propagation (>20 μm) across the surface and tilted wavefronts in the bulk. Here, we study hybrid g-PhPs in a heterostructure of calcite and an ultrathin film of the phase change material (PCM) In3SbTe2, where the optical field is bound in the PCM film with enhanced confinement compared with conventional g-PhPs. Near-field optical images for hybrid g-PhPs reveal a lemniscate pattern in the momentum distribution. We fabricated In3SbTe2 gratings and investigated how different orientations and periodicities of gratings impact the propagation of hybrid g-PhPs. As the grating period decreases to zero, the wavefront of hybrid g-PhPs can be dynamically steered by varying the grating orientation. Our results highlight the promise of hybrid g-PhPs with tunable functionalities for nanophotonic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Dunzhu Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Qiyu Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Ming Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Zhaowei Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
- Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
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7
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Li H, Wang D, Xu G, Liu K, Zhang T, Li J, Tao G, Yang S, Lu Y, Hu R, Lin S, Li Y, Qiu CW. Twisted moiré conductive thermal metasurface. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2169. [PMID: 38461277 PMCID: PMC10924968 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Extensive investigations on the moiré magic angle in twisted bilayer graphene have unlocked the emerging field-twistronics. Recently, its optics analogue, namely opto-twistronics, further expands the potential universal applicability of twistronics. However, since heat diffusion neither possesses the dispersion like photons nor carries the band structure as electrons, the real magic angle in electrons or photons is ill-defined for heat diffusion, making it elusive to understand or design any thermal analogue of magic angle. Here, we introduce and experimentally validate the twisted thermotics in a twisted diffusion system by judiciously tailoring thermal coupling, in which twisting an analog thermal magic angle would result in the function switching from cloaking to concentration. Our work provides insights for the tunable heat diffusion control, and opens up an unexpected branch for twistronics -- twisted thermotics, paving the way towards field manipulation in twisted configurations including but not limited to fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huagen Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, The Electromagnetics Academy of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kaipeng Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Guangming Tao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuihua Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yanghua Lu
- Smart Materials for Architecture Research Lab, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314100, China
| | - Run Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shisheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Chongqing, 400015, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- International Joint Innovation Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, The Electromagnetics Academy of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117583, Republic of Singapore.
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8
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Slavich AS, Ermolaev GA, Tatmyshevskiy MK, Toksumakov AN, Matveeva OG, Grudinin DV, Voronin KV, Mazitov A, Kravtsov KV, Syuy AV, Tsymbarenko DM, Mironov MS, Novikov SM, Kruglov I, Ghazaryan DA, Vyshnevyy AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS, Novoselov KS. Exploring van der Waals materials with high anisotropy: geometrical and optical approaches. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:68. [PMID: 38453886 PMCID: PMC10920635 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of van der Waals (vdW) materials resulted in the discovery of their high optical, mechanical, and electronic anisotropic properties, immediately enabling countless novel phenomena and applications. Such success inspired an intensive search for the highest possible anisotropic properties among vdW materials. Furthermore, the identification of the most promising among the huge family of vdW materials is a challenging quest requiring innovative approaches. Here, we suggest an easy-to-use method for such a survey based on the crystallographic geometrical perspective of vdW materials followed by their optical characterization. Using our approach, we found As2S3 as a highly anisotropic vdW material. It demonstrates high in-plane optical anisotropy that is ~20% larger than for rutile and over two times as large as calcite, high refractive index, and transparency in the visible range, overcoming the century-long record set by rutile. Given these benefits, As2S3 opens a pathway towards next-generation nanophotonics as demonstrated by an ultrathin true zero-order quarter-wave plate that combines classical and the Fabry-Pérot optical phase accumulations. Hence, our approach provides an effective and easy-to-use method to find vdW materials with the utmost anisotropic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr S Slavich
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Georgy A Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Adilet N Toksumakov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Olga G Matveeva
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Dmitriy V Grudinin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kirill V Voronin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San-Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander V Syuy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dmitry M Tsymbarenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Mironov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sergey M Novikov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Ivan Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Davit A Ghazaryan
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Andrey A Vyshnevyy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 03-09 EA, Singapore.
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore, Singapore.
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9
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Ermolaev GA, Voronin KV, Toksumakov AN, Grudinin DV, Fradkin IM, Mazitov A, Slavich AS, Tatmyshevskiy MK, Yakubovsky DI, Solovey VR, Kirtaev RV, Novikov SM, Zhukova ES, Kruglov I, Vyshnevyy AA, Baranov DG, Ghazaryan DA, Arsenin AV, Martin-Moreno L, Volkov VS, Novoselov KS. Wandering principal optical axes in van der Waals triclinic materials. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1552. [PMID: 38448442 PMCID: PMC10918091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Nature is abundant in material platforms with anisotropic permittivities arising from symmetry reduction that feature a variety of extraordinary optical effects. Principal optical axes are essential characteristics for these effects that define light-matter interaction. Their orientation - an orthogonal Cartesian basis that diagonalizes the permittivity tensor, is often assumed stationary. Here, we show that the low-symmetry triclinic crystalline structure of van der Waals rhenium disulfide and rhenium diselenide is characterized by wandering principal optical axes in the space-wavelength domain with above π/2 degree of rotation for in-plane components. In turn, this leads to wavelength-switchable propagation directions of their waveguide modes. The physical origin of wandering principal optical axes is explained using a multi-exciton phenomenological model and ab initio calculations. We envision that the wandering principal optical axes of the investigated low-symmetry triclinic van der Waals crystals offer a platform for unexplored anisotropic phenomena and nanophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy A Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kirill V Voronin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Adilet N Toksumakov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Dmitriy V Grudinin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ilia M Fradkin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandr S Slavich
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | | | - Dmitry I Yakubovsky
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Valentin R Solovey
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Roman V Kirtaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sergey M Novikov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Elena S Zhukova
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Ivan Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andrey A Vyshnevyy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Denis G Baranov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Davit A Ghazaryan
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Luis Martin-Moreno
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 03-09, Singapore.
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore, Singapore.
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10
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Fu R, Qu Y, Xue M, Liu X, Chen S, Zhao Y, Chen R, Li B, Weng H, Liu Q, Dai Q, Chen J. Manipulating hyperbolic transient plasmons in a layered semiconductor. Nat Commun 2024; 15:709. [PMID: 38267417 PMCID: PMC10808201 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Anisotropic materials with oppositely signed dielectric tensors support hyperbolic polaritons, displaying enhanced electromagnetic localization and directional energy flow. However, the most reported hyperbolic phonon polaritons are difficult to apply for active electro-optical modulations and optoelectronic devices. Here, we report a dynamic topological plasmonic dispersion transition in black phosphorus via photo-induced carrier injection, i.e., transforming the iso-frequency contour from a pristine ellipsoid to a non-equilibrium hyperboloid. Our work also demonstrates the peculiar transient plasmonic properties of the studied layered semiconductor, such as the ultrafast transition, low propagation losses, efficient optical emission from the black phosphorus's edges, and the characterization of different transient plasmon modes. Our results may be relevant for the development of future optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences & School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yusong Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology & School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | | | - Xinghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Shengyao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yongqian Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences & School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China
| | - Runkun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Boxuan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences & School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hongming Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences & School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Qian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology & School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology & School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Jianing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences & School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
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11
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Wang H, Kumar A, Dai S, Lin X, Jacob Z, Oh SH, Menon V, Narimanov E, Kim YD, Wang JP, Avouris P, Martin Moreno L, Caldwell J, Low T. Planar hyperbolic polaritons in 2D van der Waals materials. Nat Commun 2024; 15:69. [PMID: 38167681 PMCID: PMC10761702 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Anisotropic planar polaritons - hybrid electromagnetic modes mediated by phonons, plasmons, or excitons - in biaxial two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals crystals have attracted significant attention due to their fundamental physics and potential nanophotonic applications. In this Perspective, we review the properties of planar hyperbolic polaritons and the variety of methods that can be used to experimentally tune them. We argue that such natural, planar hyperbolic media should be fairly common in biaxial and uniaxial 2D and 1D van der Waals crystals, and identify the untapped opportunities they could enable for functional (i.e. ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric) polaritons. Lastly, we provide our perspectives on the technological applications of such planar hyperbolic polaritons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, 315211, Ningbo, China
| | - Anshuman Kumar
- Laboratory of Optics of Quantum Materials, Department of Physics, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Siyuan Dai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Research and Education Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Xiao Lin
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zubin Jacob
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Physics, City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Evgenii Narimanov
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Young Duck Kim
- Department of Physics and Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Phaedon Avouris
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA
| | - Luis Martin Moreno
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Joshua Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Tony Low
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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12
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Zhang Q, Hao SP, Song HY, Peng HY, Fu SF, Wang XZ. Unique ghost surface phonon polaritons in biaxially hyperbolic materials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:43821-43837. [PMID: 38178469 DOI: 10.1364/oe.504460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
We predicted peculiar ghost surface phonon polaritons in biaxially hyperbolic materials, where the two hyperbolic principal axes lie in the plane of propagation. We took the biaxially-hyperbolic α-MoO3 as one example of the materials to numerically simulate the ghost surface phonon polaritons. We found three unique ghost surface polaritons to appear in three enclosed wavenumber-frequency regions, respectively. These ghost surface phonon polaritons have different features from the surface phonon polaritons found previously, i.e., they are some hybrid-polarization surface waves composed of two coherent evanescent branch-waves in the α-MoO3 crystal. The interference of branch-waves leads to that their Poynting vector and electromagnetic fields both exhibit the oscillation-attenuation behavior along the surface normal, or a series of rapidly attenuated fringes. We found that the in-plane hyperbolic anisotropy and low-symmetric geometry of surface are the two necessary conditions for the existence of these ghost surface polaritons.
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13
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He M, Matson JR, Yu M, Cleri A, Sunku SS, Janzen E, Mastel S, Folland TG, Edgar JH, Basov DN, Maria JP, Law S, Caldwell JD. Polariton design and modulation via van der Waals/doped semiconductor heterostructures. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7965. [PMID: 38042825 PMCID: PMC10693602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) can be supported in materials where the real parts of their permittivities along different directions are opposite in sign. HPhPs offer confinements of long-wavelength light to deeply subdiffractional scales, while the evanescent field allows for interactions with substrates, enabling the tuning of HPhPs by altering the underlying materials. Yet, conventionally used noble metal and dielectric substrates restrict the tunability of this approach. To overcome this challenge, here we show that doped semiconductor substrates, e.g., InAs and CdO, enable a significant tuning effect and dynamic modulations. We elucidated HPhP tuning with the InAs plasma frequency in the near-field, with a maximum difference of 8.3 times. Moreover, the system can be dynamically modulated by photo-injecting carriers into the InAs substrate, leading to a wavevector change of ~20%. Overall, the demonstrated hBN/doped semiconductor platform offers significant improvements towards manipulating HPhPs, and potential for engineered and modulated polaritonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - Joseph R Matson
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - Mingyu Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Angela Cleri
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sai S Sunku
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Eli Janzen
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | | | - Thomas G Folland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - James H Edgar
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - D N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Jon-Paul Maria
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Stephanie Law
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA.
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14
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Cohen K, Tsesses S, Dolev S, Blechman Y, Ankonina G, Bartal G. Topological Transitions and Surface Umklapp Scattering in Weakly Modulated Periodic Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10243-10250. [PMID: 37910442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Controlling and manipulating surface waves is highly beneficial for imaging applications, nanophotonic device design, and light-matter interactions. While deep-subwavelength structuring of the metal-dielectric interface can influence surface waves by forming strong effective anisotropy, it disregards important structural degrees of freedom such as the interplay between corrugation periodicity and depth and its effect on the beam transport. Here, we unlock these degrees of freedom, introducing weakly modulated metasurfaces, structured metal-dielectric surfaces beyond effective medium. We utilize groove-structuring with varying depths and periodicities to demonstrate control over the transport of surface waves, dominated by the depth-period interplay. We show unique backward focusing of surface waves driven by an umklapp process-momentum relaxation empowered by the periodic nature of the structure and discover a yet unexplored, dual-stage topological transition. Our findings can be applied to any type of guided wave, introducing a simple and versatile approach for controlling wave propagation in artificial media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobi Cohen
- The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 3200003
| | - Shai Tsesses
- The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 3200003
| | - Shimon Dolev
- The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 3200003
| | - Yael Blechman
- The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 3200003
| | - Guy Ankonina
- The Photovoltaic Lab, The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 3200003
| | - Guy Bartal
- The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 3200003
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15
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Lobet M, Kinsey N, Liberal I, Caglayan H, Huidobro PA, Galiffi E, Mejía-Salazar JR, Palermo G, Jacob Z, Maccaferri N. New Horizons in Near-Zero Refractive Index Photonics and Hyperbolic Metamaterials. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:3805-3820. [PMID: 38027250 PMCID: PMC10655250 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of the spatial and temporal properties of both the electric permittivity and the refractive index of materials is at the core of photonics. When vanishing to zero, those two variables provide efficient knobs to control light-matter interactions. This Perspective aims at providing an overview of the state of the art and the challenges in emerging research areas where the use of near-zero refractive index and hyperbolic metamaterials is pivotal, in particular, light and thermal emission, nonlinear optics, sensing applications, and time-varying photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Lobet
- Department
of Physics and Namur Institute of Structured Materials, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Nathaniel Kinsey
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Iñigo Liberal
- Department
of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Institute
of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University
of Navarre (UPNA), Pamplona 31006, Spain
| | - Humeyra Caglayan
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Science, Photonics, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Paloma A. Huidobro
- Departamento
de Física Téorica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
de Telecomunicações, Instituto
Superior Técnico-University of Lisbon, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, Lisboa, 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Emanuele Galiffi
- Photonics
Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New
York, New York 10027, United States
| | | | - Giovanna Palermo
- Department
of Physics, NLHT Lab, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute
of Nanotechnology, Rende (CS), 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Zubin Jacob
- Elmore
Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck
Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nicolò Maccaferri
- Department
of Physics, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 24, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science, University
of Luxembourg, 162a avenue
de la Faïencerie, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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16
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Zhou Z, Song R, Xu J, Ni X, Dang Z, Zhao Z, Quan J, Dong S, Hu W, Huang D, Chen K, Wang Z, Cheng X, Raschke MB, Alù A, Jiang T. Gate-Tuning Hybrid Polaritons in Twisted α-MoO 3/Graphene Heterostructures. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37948605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Modulating anisotropic phonon polaritons (PhPs) can open new avenues in infrared nanophotonics. Promising PhP dispersion engineering through polariton hybridization has been demonstrated by coupling gated graphene to single-layer α-MoO3. However, the mechanism underlying the gate-dependent modulation of hybridization has remained elusive. Here, using IR nanospectroscopic imaging, we demonstrate active modulation of the optical response function, quantified in measurements of gate dependence of wavelength, amplitude, and dissipation rate of the hybrid plasmon-phonon polaritons (HPPPs) in both single-layer and twisted bilayer α-MoO3/graphene heterostructures. Intriguingly, while graphene doping leads to a monotonic increase in HPPP wavelength, amplitude and dissipation rate show transition from an initially anticorrelated decrease to a correlated increase. We attribute this behavior to the intricate interplay of gate-dependent components of the HPPP complex momentum. Our results provide the foundation for active polariton control of integrated α-MoO3 nanophotonics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Renkang Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Junbo Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Zijia Dang
- Center for the Physics of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, School of Future Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhichen Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiamin Quan
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10026, United States
| | - Siyu Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weida Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Di Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Center for the Physics of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, School of Future Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Markus B Raschke
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10026, United States
| | - Tao Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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17
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Feng Y, Chen R, He J, Qi L, Zhang Y, Sun T, Zhu X, Liu W, Ma W, Shen W, Hu C, Sun X, Li D, Zhang R, Li P, Li S. Visible to mid-infrared giant in-plane optical anisotropy in ternary van der Waals crystals. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6739. [PMID: 37875483 PMCID: PMC10598000 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Birefringence is at the heart of photonic applications. Layered van der Waals materials inherently support considerable out-of-plane birefringence. However, funnelling light into their small nanoscale area parallel to its out-of-plane optical axis remains challenging. Thus far, the lack of large in-plane birefringence has been a major roadblock hindering their applications. Here, we introduce the presence of broadband, low-loss, giant birefringence in a biaxial van der Waals materials Ta2NiS5, spanning an ultrawide-band from visible to mid-infrared wavelengths of 0.3-16 μm. The in-plane birefringence Δn ≈ 2 and 0.5 in the visible and mid-infrared ranges is one of the highest among van der Waals materials known to date. Meanwhile, the real-space propagating waveguide modes in Ta2NiS5 show strong in-plane anisotropy with a long propagation length (>20 μm) in the mid-infrared range. Our work may promote next-generation broadband and ultracompact integrated photonics based on van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanze Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Runkun Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Junbo He
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Proception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liujian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tian Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xudan Zhu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Proception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weiming Liu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Proception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weiliang Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wanfu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chunguang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dabing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Rongjun Zhang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Proception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Shaojuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China.
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18
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Chen H, Deng S. In-plane dipolar nano-antenna steers polariton waves at nanoscale. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:253. [PMID: 37852955 PMCID: PMC10584955 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbolic polaritons can be launched and guided into mirror-symmetric-broken trajectories using an in-plane dipolar nano-antenna, and this asymmetry can be configured by adjusting the polarization direction of the in-plane dipole moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shaozhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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19
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Obst M, Nörenberg T, Álvarez-Pérez G, de Oliveira TVAG, Taboada-Gutiérrez J, Feres FH, Kaps FG, Hatem O, Luferau A, Nikitin AY, Klopf JM, Alonso-González P, Kehr SC, Eng LM. Terahertz Twistoptics-Engineering Canalized Phonon Polaritons. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19313-19322. [PMID: 37738305 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The terahertz (THz) frequency range is key to studying collective excitations in many crystals and organic molecules. However, due to the large wavelength of THz radiation, the local probing of these excitations in smaller crystalline structures or few-molecule arrangements requires sophisticated methods to confine THz light down to the nanometer length scale, as well as to manipulate such a confined radiation. For this purpose, in recent years, taking advantage of hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in highly anisotropic van der Waals (vdW) materials has emerged as a promising approach, offering a multitude of manipulation options, such as control over the wavefront shape and propagation direction. Here, we demonstrate the THz application of twist-angle-induced HPhP manipulation, designing the propagation of confined THz radiation between 8.39 and 8.98 THz in the vdW material α-molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3), hence extending twistoptics to this intriguing frequency range. Our images, recorded by near-field optical microscopy, show the frequency- and twist-angle-dependent changes between hyperbolic and elliptic polariton propagation, revealing a polaritonic transition at THz frequencies. As a result, we are able to allocate canalization (highly collimated propagation) of confined THz radiation by carefully adjusting these two parameters, i.e. frequency and twist angle. Specifically, we report polariton canalization in α-MoO3 at 8.67 THz for a twist angle of 50°. Our results demonstrate the precise control and manipulation of confined collective excitations at THz frequencies, particularly offering possibilities for nanophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Obst
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Tobias Nörenberg
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Gonzalo Álvarez-Pérez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Thales V A G de Oliveira
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Javier Taboada-Gutiérrez
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flávio H Feres
- Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Felix G Kaps
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Osama Hatem
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Department of Engineering Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
| | - Andrei Luferau
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Alexey Y Nikitin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - J Michael Klopf
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Pablo Alonso-González
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Susanne C Kehr
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Lukas M Eng
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 1415, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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20
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Mei H, Ren G, Zhao B, Salman J, Jung GY, Chen H, Singh S, Thind AS, Cavin J, Hachtel JA, Chi M, Niu S, Joe G, Wan C, Settineri N, Teat SJ, Chakoumakos BC, Ravichandran J, Mishra R, Kats MA. Colossal Optical Anisotropy from Atomic-Scale Modulations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303588. [PMID: 37529860 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Materials with large birefringence (Δn, where n is the refractive index) are sought after for polarization control (e.g., in wave plates, polarizing beam splitters, etc.), nonlinear optics, micromanipulation, and as a platform for unconventional light-matter coupling, such as hyperbolic phonon polaritons. Layered 2D materials can feature some of the largest optical anisotropy; however, their use in most optical systems is limited because their optical axis is out of the plane of the layers and the layers are weakly attached. This work demonstrates that a bulk crystal with subtle periodic modulations in its structure-Sr9/8 TiS3 -is transparent and positive-uniaxial, with extraordinary index ne = 4.5 and ordinary index no = 2.4 in the mid- to far-infrared. The excess Sr, compared to stoichiometric SrTiS3 , results in the formation of TiS6 trigonal-prismatic units that break the chains of face-sharing TiS6 octahedra in SrTiS3 into periodic blocks of five TiS6 octahedral units. The additional electrons introduced by the excess Sr form highly oriented electron clouds, which selectively boost the extraordinary index ne and result in record birefringence (Δn > 2.1 with low loss). The connection between subtle structural modulations and large changes in refractive index suggests new categories of anisotropic materials and also tunable optical materials with large refractive-index modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Mei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Guodong Ren
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Boyang Zhao
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jad Salman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Gwan Yeong Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Huandong Chen
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Shantanu Singh
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Arashdeep S Thind
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - John Cavin
- Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Miaofang Chi
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Shanyuan Niu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Graham Joe
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Chenghao Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Nick Settineri
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bryan C Chakoumakos
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jayakanth Ravichandran
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Core Center for Excellence in NanoImaging, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Rohan Mishra
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Mikhail A Kats
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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21
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Matson J, Wasserroth S, Ni X, Obst M, Diaz-Granados K, Carini G, Renzi EM, Galiffi E, Folland TG, Eng LM, Michael Klopf J, Mastel S, Armster S, Gambin V, Wolf M, Kehr SC, Alù A, Paarmann A, Caldwell JD. Controlling the propagation asymmetry of hyperbolic shear polaritons in beta-gallium oxide. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5240. [PMID: 37640711 PMCID: PMC10462611 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural anisotropy in crystals is crucial for controlling light propagation, particularly in the infrared spectral regime where optical frequencies overlap with crystalline lattice resonances, enabling light-matter coupled quasiparticles called phonon polaritons (PhPs). Exploring PhPs in anisotropic materials like hBN and MoO3 has led to advancements in light confinement and manipulation. In a recent study, PhPs in the monoclinic crystal β-Ga2O3 (bGO) were shown to exhibit strongly asymmetric propagation with a frequency dispersive optical axis. Here, using scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM), we directly image the symmetry-broken propagation of hyperbolic shear polaritons in bGO. Further, we demonstrate the control and enhancement of shear-induced propagation asymmetry by varying the incident laser orientation and polariton momentum using different sizes of nano-antennas. Finally, we observe significant rotation of the hyperbola axis by changing the frequency of incident light. Our findings lay the groundwork for the widespread utilization and implementation of polaritons in low-symmetry crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sören Wasserroth
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiang Ni
- School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maximilian Obst
- Institute of Applied Physics, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Giulia Carini
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrico Maria Renzi
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emanuele Galiffi
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lukas M Eng
- Institute of Applied Physics, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Sean Armster
- NG NEXT, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Redondo Beach, CA, USA
| | - Vincent Gambin
- NG NEXT, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Redondo Beach, CA, USA
| | - Martin Wolf
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne C Kehr
- Institute of Applied Physics, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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22
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Zhang X, Yan Q, Ma W, Zhang T, Yang X, Zhang X, Li P. Ultrafast anisotropic dynamics of hyperbolic nanolight pulse propagation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi4407. [PMID: 37624891 PMCID: PMC10456838 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Polariton pulses-transient light-matter hybrid excitations-traveling through anisotropic media can lead to unusual optical phenomena in space and time. However, studying these pulses presents challenges with their anisotropic, ultrafast, and nanoscale field variations. Here, we demonstrate the creation, observation, and control of polariton pulses, with in-plane hyperbolic dispersion, on anisotropic crystal surfaces by using a time-resolved nanoimaging technique and our developed high-dimensional data processing. We capture and analyze movies of distinctive pulse spatiotemporal dynamics, including curved ultraslow energy flow trajectories, anisotropic dissipation, and dynamical misalignment between phase and group velocities. Our approach enables analysis of polariton pulses in the wave vector time domain, demonstrating a time-domain polaritonic topological transition from lenticular to hyperbolic dispersion contours and the ability to study the polariton-induced time-varying optical forces. Our findings promise to facilitate the study of diverse space-time phenomena at extreme scales and drive advances in ultrafast nanoimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Qizhi Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Weiliang Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Tianning Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
- Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
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23
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Li D, Xu C, Xie J, Lee C. Research Progress in Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy: From Performance Optimization, Sensing Applications, to System Integration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2377. [PMID: 37630962 PMCID: PMC10458771 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Infrared absorption spectroscopy is an effective tool for the detection and identification of molecules. However, its application is limited by the low infrared absorption cross-section of the molecule, resulting in low sensitivity and a poor signal-to-noise ratio. Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy is a breakthrough technique that exploits the field-enhancing properties of periodic nanostructures to amplify the vibrational signals of trace molecules. The fascinating properties of SEIRA technology have aroused great interest, driving diverse sensing applications. In this review, we first discuss three ways for SEIRA performance optimization, including material selection, sensitivity enhancement, and bandwidth improvement. Subsequently, we discuss the potential applications of SEIRA technology in fields such as biomedicine and environmental monitoring. In recent years, we have ushered in a new era characterized by the Internet of Things, sensor networks, and wearable devices. These new demands spurred the pursuit of miniaturized and consolidated infrared spectroscopy systems and chips. In addition, the rise of machine learning has injected new vitality into SEIRA, bringing smart device design and data analysis to the foreground. The final section of this review explores the anticipated trajectory that SEIRA technology might take, highlighting future trends and possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Junsheng Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou 215123, China
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24
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Zeng Y, Sun T, Chen R, Ma W, Yan Q, Lu D, Qin T, Hu C, Yang X, Li P. Optical nanoimaging of highly-confined phonon polaritons in atomically-thin nanoribbons of α-MoO 3. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:28010-28017. [PMID: 37710864 DOI: 10.1364/oe.492369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Phonon polaritons (PhPs), collective modes hybridizing photons with lattice vibrations in polar insulators, enable nanoscale control of light. In recent years, the exploration of in-plane anisotropic PhPs has yielded new levels of confinement and directional manipulation of nano-light. However, the investigation of in-plane anisotropic PhPs at the atomic layer limit is still elusive. Here, we report the optical nanoimaging of highly-confined phonon polaritons in atomically-thin nanoribbons of α-MoO3 (5 atomic layers). We show that narrow α-MoO3 nanoribbons as thin as a few atomic layers can support anisotropic PhPs modes with a high confinement ratio (∼133 times smaller wavelength than that of light). The anisotropic PhPs interference fringe patterns in atomic layers are tunable depending on the PhP wavelength via changing the illumination frequency. Moreover, spatial control over the PhPs interference patterns is also achieved by varying the nanostructures' shape or nanoribbon width of atomically-thin α-MoO3. Our work may serve as an empirical reference point for other anisotropic PhPs that approach the thickness limit and pave the way for applications such as atomically integrated nano-photonics and sensing.
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25
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Giri A, Walton SG, Tomko J, Bhatt N, Johnson MJ, Boris DR, Lu G, Caldwell JD, Prezhdo OV, Hopkins PE. Ultrafast and Nanoscale Energy Transduction Mechanisms and Coupled Thermal Transport across Interfaces. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14253-14282. [PMID: 37459320 PMCID: PMC10416573 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The coupled interactions among the fundamental carriers of charge, heat, and electromagnetic fields at interfaces and boundaries give rise to energetic processes that enable a wide array of technologies. The energy transduction among these coupled carriers results in thermal dissipation at these surfaces, often quantified by the thermal boundary resistance, thus driving the functionalities of the modern nanotechnologies that are continuing to provide transformational benefits in computing, communication, health care, clean energy, power recycling, sensing, and manufacturing, to name a few. It is the purpose of this Review to summarize recent works that have been reported on ultrafast and nanoscale energy transduction and heat transfer mechanisms across interfaces when different thermal carriers couple near or across interfaces. We review coupled heat transfer mechanisms at interfaces of solids, liquids, gasses, and plasmas that drive the resulting interfacial heat transfer and temperature gradients due to energy and momentum coupling among various combinations of electrons, vibrons, photons, polaritons (plasmon polaritons and phonon polaritons), and molecules. These interfacial thermal transport processes with coupled energy carriers involve relatively recent research, and thus, several opportunities exist to further develop these nascent fields, which we comment on throughout the course of this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Giri
- Department
of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Scott G. Walton
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - John Tomko
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Niraj Bhatt
- Department
of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Michael J. Johnson
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - David R. Boris
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - Guanyu Lu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Joshua D. Caldwell
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Patrick E. Hopkins
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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26
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Li Q, Wu X, Mu S, He C, Ren X, Luo X, Adeli M, Han X, Ma L, Cheng C. Microenvironment Restruction of Emerging 2D Materials and their Roles in Therapeutic and Diagnostic Nano-Bio-Platforms. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207759. [PMID: 37129318 PMCID: PMC10369261 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Engineering advanced therapeutic and diagnostic nano-bio-platforms (NBPFs) have emerged as rapidly-developed pathways against a wide range of challenges in antitumor, antipathogen, tissue regeneration, bioimaging, and biosensing applications. Emerged 2D materials have attracted extensive scientific interest as fundamental building blocks or nanostructures among material scientists, chemists, biologists, and doctors due to their advantageous physicochemical and biological properties. This timely review provides a comprehensive summary of creating advanced NBPFs via emerging 2D materials (2D-NBPFs) with unique insights into the corresponding molecularly restructured microenvironments and biofunctionalities. First, it is focused on an up-to-date overview of the synthetic strategies for designing 2D-NBPFs with a cross-comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. After that, the recent key achievements are summarized in tuning the biofunctionalities of 2D-NBPFs via molecularly programmed microenvironments, including physiological stability, biocompatibility, bio-adhesiveness, specific binding to pathogens, broad-spectrum pathogen inhibitors, stimuli-responsive systems, and enzyme-mimetics. Moreover, the representative therapeutic and diagnostic applications of 2D-NBPFs are also discussed with detailed disclosure of their critical design principles and parameters. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are also discussed. Overall, this review will provide cutting-edge and multidisciplinary guidance for accelerating future developments and therapeutic/diagnostic applications of 2D-NBPFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xizheng Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shengdong Mu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chao He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiancheng Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, 68137-17133, Iran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xianglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lang Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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27
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Lv J, Wu Y, Liu J, Gong Y, Si G, Hu G, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Tang JX, Fuhrer MS, Chen H, Maier SA, Qiu CW, Ou Q. Hyperbolic polaritonic crystals with configurable low-symmetry Bloch modes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3894. [PMID: 37393303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39543-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Photonic crystals (PhCs) are a kind of artificial structures that can mold the flow of light at will. Polaritonic crystals (PoCs) made from polaritonic media offer a promising route to controlling nano-light at the subwavelength scale. Conventional bulk PhCs and recent van der Waals PoCs mainly show highly symmetric excitation of Bloch modes that closely rely on lattice orders. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a type of hyperbolic PoCs with configurable and low-symmetry deep-subwavelength Bloch modes that are robust against lattice rearrangement in certain directions. This is achieved by periodically perforating a natural crystal α-MoO3 that hosts in-plane hyperbolic phonon polaritons. The mode excitation and symmetry are controlled by the momentum matching between reciprocal lattice vectors and hyperbolic dispersions. We show that the Bloch modes and Bragg resonances of hyperbolic PoCs can be tuned through lattice scales and orientations while exhibiting robust properties immune to lattice rearrangement in the hyperbolic forbidden directions. Our findings provide insights into the physics of hyperbolic PoCs and expand the categories of PhCs, with potential applications in waveguiding, energy transfer, biosensing and quantum nano-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Lv
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
- School of Control Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China.
| | - Jingying Liu
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Youning Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Guangyuan Si
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Guangwei Hu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jian-Xin Tang
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Michael S Fuhrer
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Stefan A Maier
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
| | - Qingdong Ou
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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28
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Lu G, Pan Z, Gubbin CR, Kowalski RA, De Liberato S, Li D, Caldwell JD. Launching and Manipulation of Higher-Order In-Plane Hyperbolic Phonon Polaritons in Low-Dimensional Heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300301. [PMID: 36892954 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) are stimulated by coupling infrared (IR) photons with the polar lattice vibrations. Such HPhPs offer low-loss, highly confined light propagation at subwavelength scales with out-of-plane or in-plane hyperbolic wavefronts. For HPhPs, while a hyperbolic dispersion implies multiple propagating modes with a distribution of wavevectors at a given frequency, so far it has been challenging to experimentally launch and probe the higher-order modes that offer stronger wavelength compression, especially for in-plane HPhPs. In this work, the experimental observation of higher-order in-plane HPhP modes stimulated on a 3C-SiC nanowire (NW)/α-MoO3 heterostructure is reported where leveraging both the low-dimensionality and low-loss nature of the polar NWs, higher-order HPhPs modes within 2D α-MoO3 crystal are launched by the 1D 3C-SiC NW. The launching mechanism is further studied and the requirements for efficiently launching of such higher-order modes are determined. In addition, by altering the geometric orientation between the 3C-SiC NW and α-MoO3 crystal, the manipulation of higher-order HPhP dispersions as a method of tuning is demonstrated. This work illustrates an extremely anisotropic low dimensional heterostructure platform to confine and configure electromagnetic waves at the deep-subwavelength scales for a range of IR applications including sensing, nano-imaging, and on-chip photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Zhiliang Pan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Christopher R Gubbin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ryan A Kowalski
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Simone De Liberato
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Deyu Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
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29
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Abstract
The topological properties of an object, associated with an integer called the topological invariant, are global features that cannot change continuously but only through abrupt variations, hence granting them intrinsic robustness. Engineered metamaterials (MMs) can be tailored to support highly nontrivial topological properties of their band structure, relative to their electronic, electromagnetic, acoustic and mechanical response, representing one of the major breakthroughs in physics over the past decade. Here, we review the foundations and the latest advances of topological photonic and phononic MMs, whose nontrivial wave interactions have become of great interest to a broad range of science disciplines, such as classical and quantum chemistry. We first introduce the basic concepts, including the notion of topological charge and geometric phase. We then discuss the topology of natural electronic materials, before reviewing their photonic/phononic topological MM analogues, including 2D topological MMs with and without time-reversal symmetry, Floquet topological insulators, 3D, higher-order, non-Hermitian and nonlinear topological MMs. We also discuss the topological aspects of scattering anomalies, chemical reactions and polaritons. This work aims at connecting the recent advances of topological concepts throughout a broad range of scientific areas and it highlights opportunities offered by topological MMs for the chemistry community and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Simon Yves
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City College, The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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30
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Ni X, Carini G, Ma W, Renzi EM, Galiffi E, Wasserroth S, Wolf M, Li P, Paarmann A, Alù A. Observation of directional leaky polaritons at anisotropic crystal interfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2845. [PMID: 37202412 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Extreme anisotropy in some polaritonic materials enables light propagation with a hyperbolic dispersion, leading to enhanced light-matter interactions and directional transport. However, these features are typically associated with large momenta that make them sensitive to loss and poorly accessible from far-field, being bound to the material interface or volume-confined in thin films. Here, we demonstrate a new form of directional polaritons, leaky in nature and featuring lenticular dispersion contours that are neither elliptical nor hyperbolic. We show that these interface modes are strongly hybridized with propagating bulk states, sustaining directional, long-range, sub-diffractive propagation at the interface. We observe these features using polariton spectroscopy, far-field probing and near-field imaging, revealing their peculiar dispersion, and - despite their leaky nature - long modal lifetime. Our leaky polaritons (LPs) nontrivially merge sub-diffractive polaritonics with diffractive photonics onto a unified platform, unveiling opportunities that stem from the interplay of extreme anisotropic responses and radiation leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Giulia Carini
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Weiliang Ma
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Wuhan National high Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Enrico Maria Renzi
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Emanuele Galiffi
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Sören Wasserroth
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Wolf
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peining Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Wuhan National high Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | | | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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31
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Huang W, Folland TG, Sun F, Zheng Z, Xu N, Xing Q, Jiang J, Chen H, Caldwell JD, Yan H, Deng S. In-plane hyperbolic polariton tuners in terahertz and long-wave infrared regimes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2716. [PMID: 37169788 PMCID: PMC10175486 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main bottlenecks in the development of terahertz (THz) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) technologies is the limited intrinsic response of traditional materials. Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) of van der Waals semiconductors couple strongly with THz and LWIR radiation. However, the mismatch of photon - polariton momentum makes far-field excitation of HPhPs challenging. Here, we propose an In-Plane Hyperbolic Polariton Tuner that is based on patterning van der Waals semiconductors, here α-MoO3, into ribbon arrays. We demonstrate that such tuners respond directly to far-field excitation and give rise to LWIR and THz resonances with high quality factors up to 300, which are strongly dependent on in-plane hyperbolic polariton of the patterned α-MoO3. We further show that with this tuner, intensity regulation of reflected and transmitted electromagnetic waves, as well as their wavelength and polarization selection can be achieved. Our results can help the development of THz and LWIR miniaturized devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuchao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Thomas G Folland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Fengsheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zebo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Ningsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- The Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qiaoxia Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jingyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| | - Hugen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Shaozhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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32
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Chen S, Leng PL, Konečná A, Modin E, Gutierrez-Amigo M, Vicentini E, Martín-García B, Barra-Burillo M, Niehues I, Maciel Escudero C, Xie XY, Hueso LE, Artacho E, Aizpurua J, Errea I, Vergniory MG, Chuvilin A, Xiu FX, Hillenbrand R. Real-space observation of ultraconfined in-plane anisotropic acoustic terahertz plasmon polaritons. NATURE MATERIALS 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01547-8. [PMID: 37142739 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Thin layers of in-plane anisotropic materials can support ultraconfined polaritons, whose wavelengths depend on the propagation direction. Such polaritons hold potential for the exploration of fundamental material properties and the development of novel nanophotonic devices. However, the real-space observation of ultraconfined in-plane anisotropic plasmon polaritons (PPs)-which exist in much broader spectral ranges than phonon polaritons-has been elusive. Here we apply terahertz nanoscopy to image in-plane anisotropic low-energy PPs in monoclinic Ag2Te platelets. The hybridization of the PPs with their mirror image-by placing the platelets above a Au layer-increases the direction-dependent relative polariton propagation length and the directional polariton confinement. This allows for verifying a linear dispersion and elliptical isofrequency contour in momentum space, revealing in-plane anisotropic acoustic terahertz PPs. Our work shows high-symmetry (elliptical) polaritons on low-symmetry (monoclinic) crystals and demonstrates the use of terahertz PPs for local measurements of anisotropic charge carrier masses and damping.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, National Basic Science Center-Terahertz Science and Technology Frontier, Terahertz Precision Biomedical Discipline 111 Project, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - P L Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - A Konečná
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Modin
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - M Gutierrez-Amigo
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - E Vicentini
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - B Martín-García
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - I Niehues
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - C Maciel Escudero
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - X Y Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - E Artacho
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Donostia International Physics Centre (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J Aizpurua
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Centre (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - I Errea
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Centre (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - M G Vergniory
- Donostia International Physics Centre (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Max Planck for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Chuvilin
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - F X Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - R Hillenbrand
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA and Department of Electricity and Electronics, UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
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33
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Ermolaev G, Pushkarev AP, Zhizhchenko A, Kuchmizhak AA, Iorsh I, Kruglov I, Mazitov A, Ishteev A, Konstantinova K, Saranin D, Slavich A, Stosic D, Zhukova ES, Tselikov G, Di Carlo A, Arsenin A, Novoselov KS, Makarov SV, Volkov VS. Giant and Tunable Excitonic Optical Anisotropy in Single-Crystal Halide Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2570-2577. [PMID: 36920328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, giant optical anisotropy has demonstrated its paramount importance for light manipulation. In spite of recent advances in the field, the achievement of continuous tunability of optical anisotropy remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we present a solution to the problem through the chemical alteration of halogen atoms in single-crystal halide perovskites. As a result, we manage to continually modify the optical anisotropy by 0.14. We also discover that the halide perovskite can demonstrate optical anisotropy up to 0.6 in the visible range─the largest value among non-van der Waals materials. Moreover, our results reveal that this anisotropy could be in-plane and out-of-plane depending on perovskite shape─rectangular and square. As a practical demonstration, we have created perovskite anisotropic nanowaveguides and shown a significant impact of anisotropy on high-order guiding modes. These findings pave the way for halide perovskites as a next-generation platform for tunable anisotropic photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Anatoly P Pushkarev
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Alexey Zhizhchenko
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Kuchmizhak
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
| | - Ivan Iorsh
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Ivan Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Arthur Ishteev
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Kamilla Konstantinova
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department, Moscow 127051, Russia
| | - Danila Saranin
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Slavich
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Dusan Stosic
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Elena S Zhukova
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Gleb Tselikov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- CHOSE - Centre of Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, Department of Electronics Engineering, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Aleksey Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544 Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Sergey V Makarov
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
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34
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Sun T. Light People: Professor Cheng-Wei Qiu. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:91. [PMID: 37037804 PMCID: PMC10085975 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
EDITORIAL: "Mind-controlled information transmission" is one of human's ultimate fantasies for the development of science and technology. On June 11, 2022, eLight Journal simultaneously published two research papers on brainwave-based metasurfaces, and proposed a new concept of metasurface controlled by mind for the first time in the world. This major scientific breakthrough rushed up to the hot search list of public media. It was read more than ten million times, and the related video has been played 600,000 times, which aroused the audience's strong interest and discussion, and really made a significant leap toward "mind control". We are greatly honored to invite Prof. Cheng-Wei Qiu from National University of Singapore, the corresponding author of both above-mentioned articles and the co-Editor-in-Chief of eLight Journal, to have an exclusive interview. Prof. Cheng-Wei Qiu showed us the profound interpretation of his research works and shared his unique insights on journal development and talent cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Sun
- Light Publishing Group, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 Dong Nan Hu Road, Changchun, 130033, China.
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Tan W, Tang Z, Xiao G, Yao Y, Lei L, Li Q, Jin T, Deng X, Cheng X, Li T. Calibrate the non-orthogonal error of AFM with two-dimensional self-traceable grating. Ultramicroscopy 2023; 249:113734. [PMID: 37058984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The calibration of the non-orthogonal error in nanoscale measurements is of paramount importance for analytical measuring instruments. Particularly, the calibration of non-orthogonal errors in atomic force microscopy (AFM) is essential for the traceable measurements of novel materials and two-dimensional (2D) crystals. The 2D self-traceable grating with a theoretical non-orthogonal angle of less than 0.0027° and an expanded uncertainty of 0.003° (k = 2) are measured by the Metrological Large Range Scanning Probe Microscope (Met. LR-SPM). In this study, we characterized the local and overall non-orthogonal error in AFM scans and proposed a protocol to tune the optimal scanning parameters of AFM minimizing the non-orthogonal error. We presented the method for accurately calibrating a commercial AFM system for non-orthogonal by establishing a detailed uncertainty budget and errors analysis. Our results verified the important advantages of the 2D self-traceable grating in calibrating precision instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tan
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guangxu Xiao
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yulin Yao
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lihua Lei
- Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing Li
- Zybio Inc., Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518000, China
| | - Tao Jin
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiao Deng
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tongbao Li
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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36
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Naclerio AE, Kidambi PR. A Review of Scalable Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Synthesis for Present and Future Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207374. [PMID: 36329667 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a layered inorganic synthetic crystal exhibiting high temperature stability and high thermal conductivity. As a ceramic material it has been widely used for thermal management, heat shielding, lubrication, and as a filler material for structural composites. Recent scientific advances in isolating atomically thin monolayers from layered van der Waals crystals to study their unique properties has propelled research interest in mono/few layered h-BN as a wide bandgap insulating support for nanoscale electronics, tunnel barriers, communications, neutron detectors, optics, sensing, novel separations, quantum emission from defects, among others. Realizing these futuristic applications hinges on scalable cost-effective high-quality h-BN synthesis. Here, the authors review scalable approaches of high-quality mono/multilayer h-BN synthesis, discuss the challenges and opportunities for each method, and contextualize their relevance to emerging applications. Maintaining a stoichiometric balance B:N = 1 as the atoms incorporate into the growing layered crystal and maintaining stacking order between layers during multi-layer synthesis emerge as some of the main challenges for h-BN synthesis and the development of processes to address these aspects can inform and guide the synthesis of other layered materials with more than one constituent element. Finally, the authors contextualize h-BN synthesis efforts along with quality requirements for emerging applications via a technological roadmap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Naclerio
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Piran R Kidambi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Sciences and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
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37
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Hu G, Ma W, Hu D, Wu J, Zheng C, Liu K, Zhang X, Ni X, Chen J, Zhang X, Dai Q, Caldwell JD, Paarmann A, Alù A, Li P, Qiu CW. Real-space nanoimaging of hyperbolic shear polaritons in a monoclinic crystal. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:64-70. [PMID: 36509927 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01264-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Various optical crystals possess permittivity components of opposite signs along different principal directions in the mid-infrared regime, exhibiting exotic anisotropic phonon resonances. Such materials with hyperbolic polaritons-hybrid light-matter quasiparticles with open isofrequency contours-feature large-momenta optical modes and wave confinement that make them promising for nanophotonic on-chip technologies. So far, hyperbolic polaritons have been observed and characterized in crystals with high symmetry including hexagonal (boron nitride), trigonal (calcite) and orthorhombic (α-MoO3 or α-V2O5) crystals, where they obey certain propagation patterns. However, lower-symmetry materials such as monoclinic crystals were recently demonstrated to offer richer opportunities for polaritonic phenomena. Here, using scanning near-field optical microscopy, we report the direct real-space nanoscale imaging of symmetry-broken hyperbolic phonon polaritons in monoclinic CdWO4 crystals, and showcase inherently asymmetric polariton excitation and propagation associated with the nanoscale shear phenomena. We also introduce a quantitative theoretical model to describe these polaritons that leads to schemes to enhance crystal asymmetry via the damping loss of phonon modes. Ultimately, our findings show that polaritonic nanophotonics is attainable using natural materials with low symmetry, favouring a versatile and general way to manipulate light at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiliang Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Debo Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chunqi Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kaipeng Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianing Chen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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38
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Li M, Hu G, Chen X, Qiu CW, Chen H, Wang Z. Topologically reconfigurable magnetic polaritons. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd6660. [PMID: 36525502 PMCID: PMC9757744 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbolic polaritons in extremely anisotropic materials have attracted intensive attention due to their exotic optical features. Recent advances in optical materials reveal unprecedented dispersion engineering of polaritons, resulting in twistronics for photons, canalized phonon polaritons, shear polaritons, and tunable topological polaritons. However, the on-demand reconfigurability of polaritons, especially with magnetic anisotropic dispersions, is restricted by weak natural magnetic anisotropy and hence remains largely unexplored. Here, we show how origami fused with artificial magnetism unveils a versatile pathway to topologically reconfigure magnetic polaritons. We experimentally demonstrate that the three-dimensional origami deformation allows to reconfigure hyperbolic or elliptic topology of polariton dispersion and modulate group velocity. With group velocity transitioning from positive to negative directions, we further report reconfigurable origami polariton circuitry in which the polariton propagation and phase distribution can be tailored. Our findings provide alternative perspectives on on-chip polaritonics, with potential applications in energy transfer, sensing, and information transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xuan Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, 215000 Suzhou, China
- Corresponding author. (C.-W.Q.); (H.C.); (Z.W.)
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Corresponding author. (C.-W.Q.); (H.C.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zuojia Wang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321099, China
- Corresponding author. (C.-W.Q.); (H.C.); (Z.W.)
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39
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Jia G, Luo J, Wang H, Ma Q, Liu Q, Dai H, Asgari R. Two-dimensional natural hyperbolic materials: from polaritons modulation to applications. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17096-17118. [PMID: 36382501 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04181b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Natural hyperbolic materials (HMs) in two dimensions (2D) have an extraordinarily high anisotropy and a hyperbolic dispersion relation. Some of them can even sustain hyperbolic polaritons with great directional propagation and light compression to deeply sub-wavelength scales due to their inherent anisotropy. Herein, the anisotropic optical features of 2D natural HMs are reviewed. Four hyperbolic polaritons (i.e., phonon polaritons, plasmon polaritons, exciton polaritons, and shear polaritons) as well as their generation mechanism are discussed in detail. The natural merits of 2D HMs hold promise for practical quantum photonic applications such as valley quantum interference, mid-infrared polarizers, spontaneous emission enhancement, near-field thermal radiation, and a new generation of optoelectronic components, among others. The conclusion of these analyses outlines existing issues and potential interesting directions for 2D natural HMs. These findings could spur more interest in anisotropic 2D atomic crystals in the future, as well as the quick generation of natural HMs for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyi Jia
- School of Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China.
| | - Jinxuan Luo
- School of Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China.
| | - Huaiwen Wang
- School of Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyun Ma
- School of Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China.
| | - Qinggang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Reza Asgari
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, IPM, Tehran 19395-5531, Iran.
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40
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Shao Y, Sternbach AJ, Kim BSY, Rikhter AA, Xu X, De Giovannini U, Jing R, Chae SH, Sun Z, Lee SH, Zhu Y, Mao Z, Hone JC, Queiroz R, Millis AJ, Schuck PJ, Rubio A, Fogler MM, Basov DN. Infrared plasmons propagate through a hyperbolic nodal metal. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd6169. [PMID: 36288317 PMCID: PMC9604610 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metals are canonical plasmonic media at infrared and optical wavelengths, allowing one to guide and manipulate light at the nanoscale. A special form of optical waveguiding is afforded by highly anisotropic crystals revealing the opposite signs of the dielectric functions along orthogonal directions. These media are classified as hyperbolic and include crystalline insulators, semiconductors, and artificial metamaterials. Layered anisotropic metals are also anticipated to support hyperbolic waveguiding. However, this behavior remains elusive, primarily because interband losses arrest the propagation of infrared modes. Here, we report on the observation of propagating hyperbolic waves in a prototypical layered nodal-line semimetal ZrSiSe. The observed waveguiding originates from polaritonic hybridization between near-infrared light and nodal-line plasmons. Unique nodal electronic structures simultaneously suppress interband loss and boost the plasmonic response, ultimately enabling the propagation of infrared modes through the bulk of the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinming Shao
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Brian S. Y. Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Andrey A. Rikhter
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Umberto De Giovannini
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Emilio Segrè, via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ran Jing
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sang Hoon Chae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Seng Huat Lee
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yanglin Zhu
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Mao
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - James C. Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Raquel Queiroz
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Andrew J. Millis
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - P. James Schuck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Michael M. Fogler
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dmitri N. Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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41
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Cortés E, Wendisch FJ, Sortino L, Mancini A, Ezendam S, Saris S, de S. Menezes L, Tittl A, Ren H, Maier SA. Optical Metasurfaces for Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15082-15176. [PMID: 35728004 PMCID: PMC9562288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured surfaces with designed optical functionalities, such as metasurfaces, allow efficient harvesting of light at the nanoscale, enhancing light-matter interactions for a wide variety of material combinations. Exploiting light-driven matter excitations in these artificial materials opens up a new dimension in the conversion and management of energy at the nanoscale. In this review, we outline the impact, opportunities, applications, and challenges of optical metasurfaces in converting the energy of incoming photons into frequency-shifted photons, phonons, and energetic charge carriers. A myriad of opportunities await for the utilization of the converted energy. Here we cover the most pertinent aspects from a fundamental nanoscopic viewpoint all the way to applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Cortés
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Fedja J. Wendisch
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Sortino
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Ezendam
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Seryio Saris
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Leonardo de S. Menezes
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Haoran Ren
- MQ Photonics
Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Macquarie
Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department
of Phyiscs, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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42
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Hao S, Song H, Wang XZ. Spin angular momentum and nonreciprocity of ghost surface polariton in antiferromagnets. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:32474-32482. [PMID: 36242308 DOI: 10.1364/oe.466066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the spin angular momentum (SAM) and nonreciprocity of ghost surface polariton (GSP) at the surface of an antiferromagnet (AF) in the normal geometry, where the AF easy axis and external field (H0) both are normal to the AF surface. We found that the dispersion equation is invariant when the inversions of wavevector and external magnetic field, k→-k and H0→-H0, are taken. However, its polarization and SAM are nonreciprocal. The SAM is vertical to the propagation direction of GSP, and consists of two components. We analytically found that the in-plane component is locked to H0, or it is changed in sign due to the inversion of H0. The out-plane one is locked to k since it is changed in sign as the inversion of k is taken. Either component contains an electric part and a magnetic part. Above the AF surface, the two electric parts form the left-handed triplet with the wavevector k, but the two magnetic parts form the right-handed triplet with k. In the AF, the chirality of the SAM changes with the distance from the surface. The SAM is very large on or near the surface and it may be very interesting for the manipulation of micron and nano particles on the AF surface. These are obviously different from the relevant features of conventional surface polaritons. The SAM also is field-tunable.
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43
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Ordonez-Miranda J, Wu Y, Nomura M, Volz S. Near-Isotropic Polariton Heat Transport along a Polar Anisotropic Nanofilm. iScience 2022; 25:104857. [PMID: 36043048 PMCID: PMC9420522 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat transport of surface phonon-polaritons propagating along a polar uniaxial anisotropic nanofilm is studied for different orientations of its optical axis, film thicknesses, and temperatures. For an hBN nanofilm, it is shown that i) the propagation of polaritons can be described in terms of even and odd modes that generalize the transverse magnetic and transverse electrical ones that typically appear in isotropic films. ii) The frequency spectrum of polaritons can efficiently be tuned with the angle between the film optical axis and their propagation direction. iii) The polariton thermal conductivity takes higher values for a thinner or hotter nanofilm. iv) The even and odd modes have a remarkable contribution to the total polariton thermal conductivity, which takes a value higher than 5.6 Wm−1K−1 for a 25-nm-thick nanofilm at 500 K. The obtained results thus uncover some key features of the propagation and heat transport of polaritons in uniaxial nanofilms. Polariton thermal conductivity of a uniaxial anisotropic nanofilm Polariton heat transport driven by the optical axis of a polar anisotropic nanofilm Higher thermal conductivities for thinner or hotter nanofilms Near-isotropic thermal response of a strongly anisotropic nanofilm
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Ordonez-Miranda
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS UMI 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Corresponding author
| | - Yunhui Wu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nomura
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS UMI 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Sebastian Volz
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS UMI 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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Zhang Q, Ou Q, Si G, Hu G, Dong S, Chen Y, Ni J, Zhao C, Fuhrer MS, Yang Y, Alù A, Hillenbrand R, Qiu CW. Unidirectionally excited phonon polaritons in high-symmetry orthorhombic crystals. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn9774. [PMID: 35905184 PMCID: PMC9337755 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Advanced control over the excitation of ultraconfined polaritons-hybrid light and matter waves-empowers unique opportunities for many nanophotonic functionalities, e.g., on-chip circuits, quantum information processing, and controlling thermal radiation. Recent work has shown that highly asymmetric polaritons are directly governed by asymmetries in crystal structures. Here, we experimentally demonstrate extremely asymmetric and unidirectional phonon polariton (PhP) excitation via directly patterning high-symmetry orthorhombic van der Waals (vdW) crystal α-MoO3. This phenomenon results from symmetry breaking of momentum matching in polaritonic diffraction in vdW materials. We show that the propagation of PhPs can be versatile and robustly tailored via structural engineering, while PhPs in low-symmetry (e.g., monoclinic and triclinic) crystals are largely restricted by their naturally occurring permittivities. Our work synergizes grating diffraction phenomena with the extreme anisotropy of high-symmetry vdW materials, enabling unexpected control of infrared polaritons along different pathways and opening opportunities for applications ranging from on-chip photonics to directional heat dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Qingdong Ou
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE) , Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Guangyuan Si
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Shaohua Dong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027 China
| | - Jincheng Ni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Michael S. Fuhrer
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Yuanjie Yang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Andrea Alù
- Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rainer Hillenbrand
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA and Department of Electricity and Electronics, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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Zheng C, Simpson RE, Tang K, Ke Y, Nemati A, Zhang Q, Hu G, Lee C, Teng J, Yang JKW, Wu J, Qiu CW. Enabling Active Nanotechnologies by Phase Transition: From Electronics, Photonics to Thermotics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15450-15500. [PMID: 35894820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phase transitions can occur in certain materials such as transition metal oxides (TMOs) and chalcogenides when there is a change in external conditions such as temperature and pressure. Along with phase transitions in these phase change materials (PCMs) come dramatic contrasts in various physical properties, which can be engineered to manipulate electrons, photons, polaritons, and phonons at the nanoscale, offering new opportunities for reconfigurable, active nanodevices. In this review, we particularly discuss phase-transition-enabled active nanotechnologies in nonvolatile electrical memory, tunable metamaterials, and metasurfaces for manipulation of both free-space photons and in-plane polaritons, and multifunctional emissivity control in the infrared (IR) spectrum. The fundamentals of PCMs are first introduced to explain the origins and principles of phase transitions. Thereafter, we discuss multiphysical nanodevices for electronic, photonic, and thermal management, attesting to the broad applications and exciting promises of PCMs. Emerging trends and valuable applications in all-optical neuromorphic devices, thermal data storage, and encryption are outlined in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Robert E Simpson
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Kechao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MOE), School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujie Ke
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Arash Nemati
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Junqiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California 94720, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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Zhang J, Wen Z, Zhou Z, Zhou D, Qiu Q, Ge J, Zeng Y, Sun Y, Zhou L, Dai N, Chu J, Hao J. Long-wavelength infrared selective emitter for thermal infrared camouflage under a hot environment. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:24132-24144. [PMID: 36225080 DOI: 10.1364/oe.462166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thermal infrared camouflage as a kind of counter-surveillance technique has attracted much attention owing to the rapid development of infrared surveillance technology. Various artificial optical structures have been developed for infrared camouflage applications under cold ambient environment (low thermal radiation), but the realization of infrared camouflage under a hot environment (high thermal radiation) is also highly desirable and has been rarely reported. Here, a lithography-free, ultra-thin, high performance long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) selective emitter for thermal infrared camouflage in a high radiation environment is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Experimental results show that our designed selective emitter exhibits average emissivity higher than 90% over the LWIR range from 8 to 14 µm and low emissivity less than 35% outside this window. Numerical simulations were performed to optimize the geometrical structures and reveal that such a selective emission effect is attributed to the combination of multiple hybrid plasmonic resonances. LWIR thermal images show that the selective emitter can perfectly blend into the high radiation backgrounds. Furthermore, it is found that the sample displays angle-independent emission properties, indicating that our emitter offers great potential for application in evading large-angle detection.
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47
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Peng H, Wang XZ. Unique surface polaritons and their transitions in metamaterials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:20883-20893. [PMID: 36224823 DOI: 10.1364/oe.460832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigated surface polaritons in a metamaterial composed of polar-crystal layers and antiferromagnetic layers. In a specific geometry, two surface polaritons were predicted, which are a unique ghost surface polariton (GSP) and surface hybrid-polarization polariton (SHP). The two surface polaritons occupy different segments of one smooth dispersion curve and are magnetically tunable. An external magnetic field along the antiferromagnetic easy axis can bring about the switch or transition between the two surface polaritons and meanwhile performs the necessary condition for the existence of two surface polaritons. In the metamaterial, either surface polariton consists of two branch waves. The branch waves of the GSP are coherent and have the same amplitude and different phases, but those of the SHP are not coherent and have different amplitudes and phases. The main characteristic of the GSP is that its fields oscillate and attenuate with the distance away from the metamaterial surface and exhibit interferent fringes on the plane normal to the surface.
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48
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Deng N, Long H, Wang K, Han X, Wang B, Wang K, Lu P. Giant optical anisotropy of WS 2flakes in the visible region characterized by Au substrate assisted near-field optical microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:345201. [PMID: 35508119 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6c96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) have attracted considerable attention in the field of photonic integrated circuits due to their giant optical anisotropy. However, on account of their inherent loss in the visible region and the difficulty of measuring high refractive index materials, near-field characterizations of the optical anisotropy of TMD in the visible region have inherent experimental difficulties. In this work, we present a systematical characterization of the optical anisotropy in tungsten disulfide (WS2) flakes by using scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) excited at 671 nm. Transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic (TM) waveguide modes can be excited in WS2flakes with suitable thickness, respectively. With the assistance of the Au substrate, the contrast of the near-field fringes is enhanced in comparison with the SiO2substrate. By combining waveguide mode near-field imaging and theoretical calculations, the in-plane and out-of-plane refractive indexes of WS2are determined to be 4.96 and 3.01, respectively, indicating a high birefringence value up to 1.95. This work offers experimental evidence for the potential application of WS2in optoelectronic integrated circuits in the visible region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Deng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Long
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Peixiang Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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49
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Liu K, Huang G, Li X, Zhu G, Du W, Wang T. Vibrational Strong Coupling between Surface Phonon Polaritons and Organic Molecules via Single Quartz Micropillars. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109088. [PMID: 34902196 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational strong coupling (VSC), the strong coupling between optical resonances and the dipolar absorption of molecular vibrations at mid-infrared frequencies, holds the great potential for the development of ultrasensitive infrared spectroscopy, the modification of chemical properties of molecules, and the control of chemical reactions. In the realm of ultracompact VSC, there is a need to scale down the size of mid-infrared optical resonators and to elevate their optical field strength. Herein, by using single quartz micropillars as mid-infrared optical resonators, the strong coupling is demonstrated between surface phonon polariton (SPhP) resonances and molecular vibrations from far-field observation. The single quartz micropillars support sharp SPhP resonances with an ultrasmall mode volume, which strongly couples with the molecular vibrations of 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol (C7 H7 NO3 ) molecules featuring pronounced mode splitting and anticrossing dispersion. The coupling strength depends on the molecular concentration and reaches the strong coupling regime with only 7300 molecules. The findings pave the way for promoting the VSC sensitivity, miniaturing the VSC devices, and will boost the development of ultracompact mid-infrared spectroscopy and chemical reaction control devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizhen Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Guangyan Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Guangpeng Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wei Du
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yutian Road, Shanghai, 200083, P. R. China
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50
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Zhang J, Hu Y, Han Q, Liu H, Sun Y, Wu X. Optical axis-driven modulation of near-field radiative heat transfer between two calcite parallel structures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22102-22108. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03303h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the increasing research on the anisotropic optical axis (OA) has provided a novel way to control light. However, this method is rarely applied to modulate the near-field radiative heat...
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