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Zhang J, Wen J, Dai Z, Zhang H, Zhang N, Lei R, Liu Z, Peng L, Cheng Q. Causal association and shared genetics between telomere length and COVID-19 outcomes: New evidence from the latest large-scale summary statistics. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2429-2441. [PMID: 38882679 PMCID: PMC11176559 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies suggested that leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is shortened in COVID-19 patients. However, the genetic association and causality remained unknown. Methods Based on the genome-wide association of LTL (N = 472,174) and COVID-19 phenotypes (N = 1086,211-2597,856), LDSC and SUPERGNOVA were used to estimate the genetic correlation. Cross-trait GWAS meta-analysis, colocalization, fine-mapping analysis, and transcriptome-wide association study were conducted to explore the shared genetic etiology. Mendelian randomization (MR) was utilized to infer the causality. Upstream and downstream two-step MR was performed to investigate the potential mediating effects. Results LDSC identified a significant genetic association between LTL and all COVID-19 phenotypes (rG < 0, p < 0.05). Six significant regions were observed for LTL and COVID-19 susceptibility and hospitalization, respectively. Colocalization analysis found rs144204502, rs34517439, and rs56255908 were shared causal variants between LTL and COVID-19 phenotypes. Numerous biological pathways associated with LTL and COVID-19 outcomes were identified, mainly involved in -immune-related pathways. MR showed that longer LTL was significantly associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 severity (OR [95% CI] = 0.81 [0.71-0.92], p = 1.24 ×10-3) and suggestively associated with lower risks of COVID-19 susceptibility (OR [95% CI] = 0.96 [0.92-1.00], p = 3.44 ×10-2) and COVID-19 hospitalization (OR [95% CI] = 0.89 [0.80-0.98], p = 1.89 ×10-2). LTL partially mediated the effects of BMI, smoking, and education on COVID-19 outcomes. Furthermore, six proteins partially mediated the causality of LTL on COVID-19 outcomes, including BNDF, QPCT, FAS, MPO, SFTPB, and APOF. Conclusions Our findings suggested that shorter LTL was genetically associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 phenotypes, with shared genetic etiology and potential causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruoyan Lei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Luo Peng
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypothalamic Pituitary Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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DeBoy EA, Nicosia AM, Liyanarachchi S, Iyer SS, Shah MH, Ringel MD, Brock P, Armanios M. Telomere-lengthening germline variants predispose to a syndromic papillary thyroid cancer subtype. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:1114-1124. [PMID: 38688277 PMCID: PMC11179366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. 10% to 15% of individuals show familial clustering with three or more affected members, but the factors underlying this risk are unknown. In a group of recently studied individuals with POT1 pathogenic variants and ultra-long telomere length, PTC was the second most common solid tumor. We tested whether variants in POT1 and four other telomere-maintenance genes associated with familial cancer underlie PTC susceptibility. Among 470 individuals, we identified pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in three genes encoding telomere-binding proteins: POT1, TINF2, and ACD. They were found in 4.5% and 1.5% of familial and unselected cases, respectively. Individuals harboring these variants had ultra-long telomere length, and 15 of 18 (83%) developed other cancers, of which melanoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma were most common. Among individuals with PTC and melanoma, 22% carried a deleterious germline variant, suggesting that a long telomere syndrome might be clinically recognizable. Successive generations had longer telomere length than their parents and, at times, developed more cancers at younger ages. Tumor sequencing identified a single oncogenic driver, BRAF p.Val600Glu, in 10 of 10 tumors studied, but no telomere-maintenance mechanism, including at the TERT promoter. These data identify a syndromic subset of PTCs with locus heterogeneity and telomere lengthening as a convergent mechanism. They suggest these germline variants lower the threshold to cancer by obviating the need for an acquired telomere-maintenance mechanism in addition to sustaining the longevity of oncogenic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A DeBoy
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Telomere Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna M Nicosia
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Telomere Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Sheila S Iyer
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Telomere Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manisha H Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew D Ringel
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pamela Brock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mary Armanios
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Telomere Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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3
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Liu WS, Wu BS, Yang L, Chen SD, Zhang YR, Deng YT, Wu XR, He XY, Yang J, Feng JF, Cheng W, Xu YM, Yu JT. Whole exome sequencing analyses reveal novel genes in telomere length and their biomedical implications. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01203-2. [PMID: 38837026 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomere length is a putative biomarker of aging and is associated with multiple age-related diseases. There are limited data on the landscape of rare genetic variations in telomere length. Here, we systematically characterize the rare variant associations with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) through exome-wide association study (ExWAS) among 390,231 individuals in the UK Biobank. We identified 18 robust rare-variant genes for LTL, most of which estimated effects on LTL were significant (> 0.2 standard deviation per allele). The biological functions of the rare-variant genes were associated with telomere maintenance and capping and several genes were specifically expressed in the testis. Three novel genes (ASXL1, CFAP58, and TET2) associated with LTL were identified. Phenotypic association analyses indicated significant associations of ASXL1 and TET2 with cancers, age-related diseases, blood assays, and cardiovascular traits. Survival analyses suggested that carriers of ASXL1 or TET2 variants were at increased risk for cancers; diseases of the circulatory, respiratory, and genitourinary systems; and all-cause and cause-specific deaths. The CFAP58 carriers were at elevated risk of deaths due to cancers. Collectively, the present whole exome sequencing study provides novel insights into the genetic landscape of LTL, identifying novel genes associated with LTL and their implications on human health and facilitating a better understanding of aging, thus pinpointing the genetic relevance of LTL with clonal hematopoiesis, biomedical traits, and health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shi Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Bang-Sheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shi-Dong Chen
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yue-Ting Deng
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xin-Rui Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiao-Yu He
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, 1St Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Yu-Ming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, 1St Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12Th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Skåra KH, Lee Y, Jugessur A, Gjessing HK, Aviv A, Brumpton B, Naess Ø, Hernáez Á, Hanevik HI, Magnus P, Magnus MC. Telomere length in relation to fecundability and use of assisted reproductive technologies: the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4430021. [PMID: 38883734 PMCID: PMC11177952 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4430021/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
In women, shorter telomeres have been reported to be associated with conditions such as endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome, whereas other studies have reported the opposite. In men, studies mostly report associations between shorter telomeres and sperm quality. To our knowledge, no studies have thus far investigated the associations between TL and fecundability or the use of ART. This study is based on the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa) Study and uses data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN). We included women (24,645 with genotype data and 1,054 with TL measurements) and men (18,339 with genotype data and 965 with TL measurements) participating between 1998 and 2008. We investigated the associations between leukocyte TL and fecundability, infertility, and the use of ART. We also repeated the analyses using instrumental variables for TL, including genetic risk scores for TL and genetically predicted TL. Approximately 11% of couples had experienced infertility and 4% had used ART. TL was not associated with fecundability among women (fecundability ratio [FR], 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92-1.04) or men (FR, 0.99; CI, 0.93-1.06), nor with infertility among women (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; CI, 0.85-1.24) or men (OR, 1.05; CI, 0.87-1.28). We observed an increased likelihood of using ART with increasing TL among men (OR, 1.22; CI, 1.03-1.46), but not among women (OR, 1.10; CI, 0.92-1.31). No significant associations were observed using the instrumental variables. Our results indicate that TL is a poor biomarker of fecundability, infertility and use of ART in MoBa. Additional studies are required to replicate the association observed between TL and ART in men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ben Brumpton
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology
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Deecke L, Ohlei O, Homann J, Stagge J, Dobricic V, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Berger K, Demuth I, Hagelstein V, Bertram L, Lill CM. Variants in the TERT Gene Increase the Occurrence of Solar Lentigines by Modifying Telomerase Expression Exclusively in the Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1412-1415.e7. [PMID: 38029837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Deecke
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Olena Ohlei
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Homann
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jessica Stagge
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Valerija Dobricic
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BCRT - Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Lars Bertram
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christina M Lill
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
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6
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Misicka E, Huang Y, Loomis S, Sadhu N, Fisher E, Gafson A, Runz H, Tsai E, Jia X, Herman A, Bronson PG, Bhangale T, Briggs FB. Adaptive and Innate Immunity Are Key Drivers of Age at Onset of Multiple Sclerosis. Neurol Genet 2024; 10:e200159. [PMID: 38817245 PMCID: PMC11139017 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Multiple sclerosis (MS) age at onset (AAO) is a clinical predictor of long-term disease outcomes, independent of disease duration. Little is known about the genetic and biological mechanisms underlying age of first symptoms. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate associations between individual genetic variation and the MS AAO phenotype. Methods The study population was comprised participants with MS in 6 clinical trials: ADVANCE (N = 655; relapsing-remitting [RR] MS), ASCEND (N = 555; secondary-progressive [SP] MS), DECIDE (N = 1,017; RRMS), OPERA1 (N = 581; RRMS), OPERA2 (N = 577; RRMS), and ORATORIO (N = 529; primary-progressive [PP] MS). Altogether, 3,905 persons with MS of European ancestry were analyzed. GWAS were conducted for MS AAO in each trial using linear additive models controlling for sex and 10 principal components. Resultant summary statistics across the 6 trials were then meta-analyzed, for a total of 8.3 × 10-6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across all trials after quality control and filtering for heterogeneity. Gene-based tests of associations, pathway enrichment analyses, and Mendelian randomization analyses for select exposures were also performed. Results Four lead SNPs within 2 loci were identified (p < 5 × 10-8), including a) 3 SNPs in the major histocompatibility complex and their effects were independent of HLA-DRB1*15:01 and b) a LOC105375167 variant on chromosome 7. At the gene level, the top association was HLA-C (p = 1.2 × 10-7), which plays an important role in antiviral immunity. Functional annotation revealed the enrichment of pathways related to T-cell receptor signaling, autoimmunity, and the complement cascade. Mendelian randomization analyses suggested a link between both earlier age at puberty and shorter telomere length and earlier AAO, while there was no evidence for a role for either body mass index or vitamin D levels. Discussion Two genetic loci associated with MS AAO were identified, and functional annotation demonstrated an enrichment of genes involved in adaptive and complement immunity. There was also evidence supporting a link with age at puberty and telomere length. The findings suggest that AAO in MS is multifactorial, and the factors driving onset of symptoms overlap with those influencing MS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Misicka
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Yunfeng Huang
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Stephanie Loomis
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Nilanjana Sadhu
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Elizabeth Fisher
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Arie Gafson
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Heiko Runz
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Ellen Tsai
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Xiaoming Jia
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Ann Herman
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Paola G Bronson
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Tushar Bhangale
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
| | - Farren B Briggs
- From the Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (E.M.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Biogen (Y.H., S.L., N.S., E.F., A.G., H.R., E.T., P.G.B.), Cambridge, MA; Human Genetics and Bioinformatics (X.J., A.H., T.B.), Genentech, San Francisco, CA; and Department of Public Health Sciences (F.B.B.), University of Miami, FL
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Liu M, Fu X, Yu D, Li M, Pan Y, Yang C, Sun G. Mapping the causal associations of cytokines with sarcopenia and aging traits: Evidence from bidirectional Mendelian randomization. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:1121-1133. [PMID: 38556722 PMCID: PMC11154762 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines and growth factors may serve as a bridge in studying the causal relationships between inflammaging and sarcopenia due to their roles in inflammaging. In this study, we aim to explore the causal association of cytokines with sarcopenia and aging traits and further identify the significant inflammation factors. METHODS Bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to identify the causality. Forty-one kinds of circulation cytokines and growth factors were set as exposures, and the data were from a summary genome-wide association study (GWAS) containing three cohorts with 8293 healthy participants of European ancestry from 1983 to 2011. Hand grip strength, adjusted appendicular lean mass (AALM), usual walking pace, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels, able to walk or cycle unaided for 10 min (AWCU10) and telomere length were selected as outcomes. Data for outcomes were obtained from meta-GWAS and the UK Biobank, and sample sizes ranged from 69 537 to 472 174. Low hand grip strength was defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) cut-off points, respectively. Other outcome traits were defined and measured according to the UK Biobank and raw cohorts' criteria. We set two significance thresholds for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with exposures to obtain adequate SNPs (5 × 10-6 and 5 × 10-8). Inverse-variance weighted, MR-Egger and weighted median were employed to estimate the causality. RESULTS Twenty-seven factors were identified to relate to sarcopenia and aging traits causally, and most were associated with only one outcome trait. IL16 (interleukin-16), CTACK (cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine), MIP1b (macrophage inflammatory protein 1b) and PDGFbb (platelet-derived growth factor BB) were proven to relate causally to at least one sarcopenia and aging trait in both analyses with two significance thresholds. IL16 was causally associated with hand grip strength (0.977 [0.956-0.998] for EWGSOP and 0.933 [0.874-0.996] for FNIH), AALM (0.991 [0.984, 0.998]), MVPA (0.997 [0.995-1.000]) and AWCU10 (1.008 [1.003-1.013]). CTACK was proven to relate causally to hand grip strength (1.013 [1.007-1.019] for EWGSOP and 1.090 [1.041-1.142] for FNIH), AWCU10 (0.990 [0.986-0.994]) and telomere length (0.998 [0.983-0.994]). The results indicated that MIP1b has a causal effect on hand grip strength (1.032 [1.001-1.063] for EWGSOP), AWCU10 (0.994 [0.988-1.000] and 0.993 [0.988-0.998]) and telomere length (1.006 [1.000-1.012]). PDGFbb may causally relate to AALM (1.016 [1.001-1.030]) and telomere length (1.011 [1.007-1.015]). Reserve MR analyses also proved their unidirectional causal effects. CONCLUSIONS Twenty-seven factors were causally related to sarcopenia and aging traits, and the causal effects of IL16, CTACK, MIP1b and PDGFbb were proven in both analyses with two significance thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchong Liu
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Daqian Yu
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yutao Pan
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chensong Yang
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guixin Sun
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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8
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Wang D, Hadad N, Moss S, Lopez-Jimenez E, Johnson SR, Maher TM, Molyneaux PL, Zhao Y, Perry JRB, Wolters PJ, Kropski JA, Jenkins RG, Banovich NE, Stewart I. Association between mosaic loss of chromosome Y and pulmonary fibrosis susceptibility and severity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.25.595885. [PMID: 38853935 PMCID: PMC11160640 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.25.595885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a rare lung disease with diverse pathogenesis and multiple interconnected underlying biological mechanisms. Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) is one of the most common forms of acquired chromosome abnormality in men, which has been reported to be associated with increased risk of various chronic progressive diseases including fibrotic diseases. However, the exact role of mLOY in the development of PF remains elusive and to be elucidated. Methods We adopted three complementary approaches to explore the role of mLOY in the pathogenesis of PF. We used copy number on chromosome Y to estimate mLOY comparing patients in PROFILE and gnomAD cohorts and between cases and control patients from the GE100KGP cohort. Correlation of mLOY with demographic and clinical variables was tested using patients from PROFILE cohort. Lung single-cell transcriptomic data were analysed to assess the cell types implicated in mLOY. We performed Mendelian randomisation to examine the causal relationship between mLOY, IPF, and telomere length. Results The genetic analysis suggests that mLOY is found in PF from both case cohorts but when compared with an age matched population the effect is minimal (P = 0.0032). mLOY is related to age (P = 0.00021) and shorter telomere length (P = 0.0081) rather than PF severity or progression. Single-cell analysis indicates that mLOY appears to be found primarily in immune cells and appears to be related to presence and severity of fibrosis. Mendelian randomisation demonstrates that mLOY is not on the causal pathway for IPF, but partial evidence supports that telomere shortening is on the causal pathway for mLOY. Conclusion Our study confirms the existence of mLOY in PF patients and suggests that mLOY is not a major driver of IPF. The combined evidence suggests a triangulation model where telomere shortening leads to both IPF and mLOY.
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9
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Keener R, Chhetri SB, Connelly CJ, Taub MA, Conomos MP, Weinstock J, Ni B, Strober B, Aslibekyan S, Auer PL, Barwick L, Becker LC, Blangero J, Bleecker ER, Brody JA, Cade BE, Celedon JC, Chang YC, Cupples LA, Custer B, Freedman BI, Gladwin MT, Heckbert SR, Hou L, Irvin MR, Isasi CR, Johnsen JM, Kenny EE, Kooperberg C, Minster RL, Naseri T, Viali S, Nekhai S, Pankratz N, Peyser PA, Taylor KD, Telen MJ, Wu B, Yanek LR, Yang IV, Albert C, Arnett DK, Ashley-Koch AE, Barnes KC, Bis JC, Blackwell TW, Boerwinkle E, Burchard EG, Carson AP, Chen Z, Chen YDI, Darbar D, de Andrade M, Ellinor PT, Fornage M, Gelb BD, Gilliland FD, He J, Islam T, Kaab S, Kardia SLR, Kelly S, Konkle BA, Kumar R, Loos RJF, Martinez FD, McGarvey ST, Meyers DA, Mitchell BD, Montgomery CG, North KE, Palmer ND, Peralta JM, Raby BA, Redline S, Rich SS, Roden D, Rotter JI, Ruczinski I, Schwartz D, Sciurba F, Shoemaker MB, Silverman EK, Sinner MF, Smith NL, Smith AV, Tiwari HK, Vasan RS, Weiss ST, Williams LK, Zhang Y, Ziv E, Raffield LM, Reiner AP, Arvanitis M, Greider CW, Mathias RA, Battle A. Validation of human telomere length multi-ancestry meta-analysis association signals identifies POP5 and KBTBD6 as human telomere length regulation genes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4417. [PMID: 38789417 PMCID: PMC11126610 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become well-powered to detect loci associated with telomere length. However, no prior work has validated genes nominated by GWAS to examine their role in telomere length regulation. We conducted a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of 211,369 individuals and identified five novel association signals. Enrichment analyses of chromatin state and cell-type heritability suggested that blood/immune cells are the most relevant cell type to examine telomere length association signals. We validated specific GWAS associations by overexpressing KBTBD6 or POP5 and demonstrated that both lengthened telomeres. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of the predicted causal regions in K562 blood cells reduced expression of these genes, demonstrating that these loci are related to transcriptional regulation of KBTBD6 and POP5. Our results demonstrate the utility of telomere length GWAS in the identification of telomere length regulation mechanisms and validate KBTBD6 and POP5 as genes affecting telomere length regulation.
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Grants
- 5K12GM123914 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01AG069120 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R35GM139580 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01 DK071891 NIDDK NIH HHS
- R01HL153805 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01AG081244 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R35CA209974 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01HL105756 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL68959 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL079915 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL87681 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01 HL153805 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01HL-120393 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Keener
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Surya B Chhetri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carla J Connelly
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Margaret A Taub
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew P Conomos
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua Weinstock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bohan Ni
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Strober
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paul L Auer
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health & Equity, and Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lucas Barwick
- LTRC Data Coordinating Center, The Emmes Company, LLC, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Eugene R Bleecker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan C Celedon
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi-Cheng Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Internal Medicine - Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jill M Johnsen
- Department of Medicine and Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryan L Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Take Naseri
- Naseri & Associates Public Health Consultancy Firm and Family Health Clinic, Apia, Samoa
- International Health Institute, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Satupa'itea Viali
- Oceania University of Medicine, Apia, Samoa
- School of Medicine, National University of Samoa, Apia, Samoa
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sergei Nekhai
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease and Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn J Telen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Baojun Wu
- Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research (CIGMA), Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Christine Albert
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas W Blackwell
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - April P Carson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MI, USA
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Dawood Darbar
- Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute and Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank D Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Talat Islam
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Kaab
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shannon Kelly
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Barbara A Konkle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fernando D Martinez
- Asthma & Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Stephen T McGarvey
- Department of Epidemiology & International Health Institute, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Deborah A Meyers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Courtney G Montgomery
- Genes and Human Disease, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Juan M Peralta
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin A Raby
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Dan Roden
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Schwartz
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M Benjamin Shoemaker
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Keoki Williams
- Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research (CIGMA), Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marios Arvanitis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carol W Greider
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- University Professor Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Alexis Battle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Malone Center for Engineering in Healthcare, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Data Science and AI Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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10
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Moix S, Sadler MC, Kutalik Z, Auwerx C. Breaking down causes, consequences, and mediating effects of telomere length variation on human health. Genome Biol 2024; 25:125. [PMID: 38760657 PMCID: PMC11101352 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomeres form repeated DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes, which shorten with each cell division. Yet, factors modulating telomere attrition and the health consequences thereof are not fully understood. To address this, we leveraged data from 326,363 unrelated UK Biobank participants of European ancestry. RESULTS Using linear regression and bidirectional univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR), we elucidate the relationships between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and 142 complex traits, including diseases, biomarkers, and lifestyle factors. We confirm that telomeres shorten with age and show a stronger decline in males than in females, with these factors contributing to the majority of the 5.4% of LTL variance explained by the phenome. MR reveals 23 traits modulating LTL. Smoking cessation and high educational attainment associate with longer LTL, while weekly alcohol intake, body mass index, urate levels, and female reproductive events, such as childbirth, associate with shorter LTL. We also identify 24 traits affected by LTL, with risk for cardiovascular, pulmonary, and some autoimmune diseases being increased by short LTL, while longer LTL increased risk for other autoimmune conditions and cancers. Through multivariable MR, we show that LTL may partially mediate the impact of educational attainment, body mass index, and female age at childbirth on proxied lifespan. CONCLUSIONS Our study sheds light on the modulators, consequences, and the mediatory role of telomeres, portraying an intricate relationship between LTL, diseases, lifestyle, and socio-economic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Moix
- Department of Computational Biology, UNIL, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Marie C Sadler
- Department of Computational Biology, UNIL, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Department of Computational Biology, UNIL, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Chiara Auwerx
- Department of Computational Biology, UNIL, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
- Center for Integrative Genetics, UNIL, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
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11
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Mitchell J, Camacho N, Shea P, Stopsack KH, Joseph V, Burren O, Dhindsa R, Nag A, Berchuck JE, O'Neill A, Abbasi A, Zoghbi AW, Alegre-Díaz J, Kuri-Morales P, Berumen J, Tapia-Conyer R, Emberson J, Torres JM, Collins R, Wang Q, Goldstein D, Matakidou A, Haefliger C, Anderson-Dring L, March R, Jobanputra V, Dougherty B, Carss K, Petrovski S, Kantoff PW, Offit K, Mucci LA, Pomerantz M, Fabre MA. Characterising the contribution of rare protein-coding germline variants to prostate cancer risk and severity in 37,184 cases. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.10.24307164. [PMID: 38766261 PMCID: PMC11100931 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.24307164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The etiology of prostate cancer, the second most common cancer in men globally, has a strong heritable component. While rare coding germline variants in several genes have been identified as risk factors from candidate gene and linkage studies, the exome-wide spectrum of causal rare variants remains to be fully explored. To more comprehensively address their contribution, we analysed data from 37,184 prostate cancer cases and 331,329 male controls from five cohorts with germline exome/genome sequencing and one cohort with imputed array data from a population enriched in low-frequency deleterious variants. Our gene-level collapsing analysis revealed that rare damaging variants in SAMHD1 as well as genes in the DNA damage response pathway (BRCA2, ATM and CHEK2) are associated with the risk of overall prostate cancer. We also found that rare damaging variants in AOX1 and BRCA2 were associated with increased severity of prostate cancer in a case-only analysis of aggressive versus non-aggressive prostate cancer. At the single-variant level, we found rare non-synonymous variants in three genes (HOXB13, CHEK2, BIK) significantly associated with increased risk of overall prostate cancer and in four genes (ANO7, SPDL1, AR, TERT) with decreased risk. Altogether, this study provides deeper insights into the genetic architecture and biological basis of prostate cancer risk and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Mitchell
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Niedzica Camacho
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick Shea
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Konrad H Stopsack
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Oliver Burren
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ryan Dhindsa
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Amanda O'Neill
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ali Abbasi
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony W Zoghbi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jesus Alegre-Díaz
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Copilco Universidad, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pablo Kuri-Morales
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Copilco Universidad, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Tecnológico, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jaime Berumen
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Copilco Universidad, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Roberto Tapia-Conyer
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Copilco Universidad, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Emberson
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason M Torres
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rory Collins
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Quanli Wang
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Goldstein
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Athena Matakidou
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carolina Haefliger
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lauren Anderson-Dring
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth March
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vaidehi Jobanputra
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Keren Carss
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Slavé Petrovski
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Philip W Kantoff
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Convergent Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- American Cancer Society, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark Pomerantz
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Margarete A Fabre
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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12
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Feng Z, Wang Y, Fu Z, Liao J, Liu H, Zhou M. Exploring the Causal Effects of Mineral Metabolism Disorders on Telomere and Mitochondrial DNA: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1417. [PMID: 38794655 PMCID: PMC11123946 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the causal relationships between mineral metabolism disorders, representative of trace elements, and key aging biomarkers: telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN). Utilizing bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in combination with the two-stage least squares (2SLS) method, we explored the causal relationships between mineral metabolism disorders and these aging indicators. Sensitivity analysis can be used to determine the reliability and robustness of the research results. The results confirmed that a positive causal relationship was observed between mineral metabolism disorders and TL (p < 0.05), while the causal relationship with mtDNA-CN was not significant (p > 0.05). Focusing on subgroup analyses of specific minerals, our findings indicated a distinct positive causal relationship between iron metabolism disorders and both TL and mtDNA-CN (p < 0.05). In contrast, disorders in magnesium and phosphorus metabolism did not exhibit significant causal effects on either aging biomarker (p > 0.05). Moreover, reverse MR analysis did not reveal any significant causal effects of TL and mtDNA-CN on mineral metabolism disorders (p > 0.05). The combination of 2SLS with MR analysis further reinforced the positive causal relationship between iron levels and both TL and mtDNA-CN (p < 0.05). Notably, the sensitivity analysis did not indicate significant pleiotropy or heterogeneity within these causal relationships (p > 0.05). These findings highlight the pivotal role of iron metabolism in cellular aging, particularly in regulating TL and sustaining mtDNA-CN, offering new insights into how mineral metabolism disorders influence aging biomarkers. Our research underscores the importance of trace element balance, especially regarding iron intake, in combating the aging process. This provides a potential strategy for slowing aging through the adjustment of trace element intake, laying the groundwork for future research into the relationship between trace elements and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Meijuan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China or (Z.F.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (J.L.); (H.L.)
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13
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Cui F, Tang L, Li D, Ma Y, Wang J, Xie J, Su B, Tian Y, Zheng X. Early-life exposure to tobacco, genetic susceptibility, and accelerated biological aging in adulthood. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl3747. [PMID: 38701212 PMCID: PMC11068008 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl3747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Early-life tobacco exposure serves as a non-negligible risk factor for aging-related diseases. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we explored the associations of early-life tobacco exposure with accelerated biological aging and further assessed the joint effects of tobacco exposure and genetic susceptibility. Compared with those without in utero exposure, participants with in utero tobacco exposure had an increase in Klemera-Doubal biological age (KDM-BA) and PhenoAge acceleration of 0.26 and 0.49 years, respectively, but a decrease in telomere length of 5.34% among 276,259 participants. We also found significant dose-response associations between the age of smoking initiation and accelerated biological aging. Furthermore, the joint effects revealed that high-polygenic risk score participants with in utero exposure and smoking initiation in childhood had the highest accelerated biological aging. There were interactions between early-life tobacco exposure and age, sex, deprivation, and diet on KDM-BA and PhenoAge acceleration. These findings highlight the importance of reducing early-life tobacco exposure to improve healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feipeng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Linxi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Dankang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yudiyang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Junqing Xie
- Center for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, The Botnar Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Binbin Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No. 31, Beijige-3, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Yaohua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No. 31, Beijige-3, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China
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14
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McQuillan MA, Verhulst S, Hansen MEB, Beggs W, Meskel DW, Belay G, Nyambo T, Mpoloka SW, Mokone GG, Fokunang C, Njamnshi AK, Chanock SJ, Aviv A, Tishkoff SA. Association between telomere length and Plasmodium falciparum malaria endemicity in sub-Saharan Africans. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:927-938. [PMID: 38701745 PMCID: PMC11080607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) varies significantly across human populations, with individuals of African ancestry having longer LTL than non-Africans. However, the genetic and environmental drivers of LTL variation in Africans remain largely unknown. We report here on the relationship between LTL, genetics, and a variety of environmental and climatic factors in ethnically diverse African adults (n = 1,818) originating from Botswana, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and Cameroon. We observe significant variation in LTL among populations, finding that the San hunter-gatherers from Botswana have the longest leukocyte telomeres and that the Fulani pastoralists from Cameroon have the shortest telomeres. Genetic factors explain ∼50% of LTL variation among individuals. Moreover, we observe a significant negative association between Plasmodium falciparum malaria endemicity and LTL while adjusting for age, sex, and genetics. Within Africa, adults from populations indigenous to areas with high malaria exposure have shorter LTL than those in populations indigenous to areas with low malaria exposure. Finally, we explore to what degree the genetic architecture underlying LTL in Africa covaries with malaria exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A McQuillan
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Simon Verhulst
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Matthew E B Hansen
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William Beggs
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dawit Wolde Meskel
- Department of Microbial Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gurja Belay
- Department of Microbial Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Thomas Nyambo
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University in Tanzania (KIUT), Dares Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Sununguko Wata Mpoloka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Gaonyadiwe George Mokone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Charles Fokunang
- Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Alfred K Njamnshi
- Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Neuroscience Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé I, Department of Neurology, Central Hospital Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Abraham Aviv
- The Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Sarah A Tishkoff
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Global Genomics and Health Equity, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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15
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Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Li C, Fu H, Lin L, Yang Z, Zhang B. The association of sleep duration and leukocyte telomere length in middle-aged and young-old adults: A cross-sectional study of UK Biobank. Sleep Med 2024; 117:18-24. [PMID: 38493659 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between sleep duration and aging-associated diseases are intricate. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a biomarker of aging, while the association of sleep duration and LTL is unclear. METHODS The 310,091 study participants from UK Biobank were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis was firstly performed to assess the nonlinear relationship between sleep duration and LTL. Sleep duration was then categorized into three groups: <7 h (short sleep duration), 7-8 h (reference group), and >8 h (long sleep duration) and multiple linear regression was applied to analyze the association of short sleep and long sleep duration with LTL. We further performed subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age, chronotype and snoring. RESULTS RCS showed an inverted J-shaped relationship between sleep duration and LTL. Compared with the reference group, the inverse association of long sleep duration and LTL was statistically significant in fully-adjusted model (P = 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that this association was more apparent in people over 50 years (51-60 y: P = 0.002; >60 y: P = 0.005), in men (P = 0.022), and in people preferred evening chronotype (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Compared with participants sleeping 7-8 h, those sleep longer than 8 h had shorter LTL in middle-aged and young-old adults. The negative association between long sleep duration and LTL was more apparent in older people, in men, and in people preferred evening chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Yuanting Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Chunhao Li
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Hongna Fu
- NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, PR China; Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Luyang Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, PR China; Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510080, PR China; Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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16
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Pisanu C, Congiu D, Meloni A, Paribello P, Patrinos GP, Severino G, Ardau R, Chillotti C, Manchia M, Squassina A. Dissecting the genetic overlap between severe mental disorders and markers of cellular aging: Identification of pleiotropic genes and druggable targets. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:1033-1041. [PMID: 38402365 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Patients with severe mental disorders such as bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) show a substantial reduction in life expectancy, increased incidence of comorbid medical conditions commonly observed with advanced age and alterations of aging hallmarks. While severe mental disorders are heritable, the extent to which genetic predisposition might contribute to accelerated cellular aging is not known. We used bivariate causal mixture models to quantify the trait-specific and shared architecture of mental disorders and 2 aging hallmarks (leukocyte telomere length [LTL] and mitochondrial DNA copy number), and the conjunctional false discovery rate method to detect shared genetic loci. We integrated gene expression data from brain regions from GTEx and used different tools to functionally annotate identified loci and investigate their druggability. Aging hallmarks showed low polygenicity compared with severe mental disorders. We observed a significant negative global genetic correlation between MDD and LTL (rg = -0.14, p = 6.5E-10), and no significant results for other severe mental disorders or for mtDNA-cn. However, conditional QQ plots and bivariate causal mixture models pointed to significant pleiotropy among all severe mental disorders and aging hallmarks. We identified genetic variants significantly shared between LTL and BD (n = 17), SCZ (n = 55) or MDD (n = 19), or mtDNA-cn and BD (n = 4), SCZ (n = 12) or MDD (n = 1), with mixed direction of effects. The exonic rs7909129 variant in the SORCS3 gene, encoding a member of the retromer complex involved in protein trafficking and intracellular/intercellular signaling, was associated with shorter LTL and increased predisposition to all severe mental disorders. Genetic variants underlying risk of SCZ or MDD and shorter LTL modulate expression of several druggable genes in different brain regions. Genistein, a phytoestrogen with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, was an upstream regulator of 2 genes modulated by variants associated with risk of MDD and shorter LTL. While our results suggest that shared heritability might play a limited role in contributing to accelerated cellular aging in severe mental disorders, we identified shared genetic determinants and prioritized different druggable targets and compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Donatella Congiu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna Meloni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Paribello
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - George P Patrinos
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Genetics and Genomics, United Arab Emirates University, Al‑Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al‑Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Giovanni Severino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Raffaella Ardau
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Caterina Chillotti
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mirko Manchia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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17
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Wong JYY, Blechter B, Liu Z, Shi J, Roger VL. Genetic susceptibility to chronic diseases leads to heart failure among Europeans: the influence of leukocyte telomere length. Hum Mol Genet 2024:ddae063. [PMID: 38676403 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic susceptibility to various chronic diseases has been shown to influence heart failure (HF) risk. However, the underlying biological pathways, particularly the role of leukocyte telomere length (LTL), are largely unknown. We investigated the impact of genetic susceptibility to chronic diseases and various traits on HF risk, and whether LTL mediates or modifies the pathways. METHODS We conducted prospective cohort analyses on 404 883 European participants from the UK Biobank, including 9989 incident HF cases. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate associations between HF risk and 24 polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for various diseases or traits previously generated using a Bayesian approach. We assessed multiplicative interactions between the PRSs and LTL previously measured in the UK Biobank using quantitative PCR. Causal mediation analyses were conducted to estimate the proportion of the total effect of PRSs acting indirectly through LTL, an integrative marker of biological aging. RESULTS We identified 9 PRSs associated with HF risk, including those for various cardiovascular diseases or traits, rheumatoid arthritis (P = 1.3E-04), and asthma (P = 1.8E-08). Additionally, longer LTL was strongly associated with decreased HF risk (P-trend = 1.7E-08). Notably, LTL strengthened the asthma-HF relationship significantly (P-interaction = 2.8E-03). However, LTL mediated only 1.13% (P < 0.001) of the total effect of the asthma PRS on HF risk. CONCLUSIONS Our findings shed light onto the shared genetic susceptibility between HF risk, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and other traits. Longer LTL strengthened the genetic effect of asthma in the pathway to HF. These results support consideration of LTL and PRSs in HF risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Y Y Wong
- Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Batel Blechter
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States
| | - Véronique L Roger
- Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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18
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Yan X, Yang P, Li Y, Liu T, Zha Y, Wang T, Zhang J, Feng Z, Li M. New insights from bidirectional Mendelian randomization: causal relationships between telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in aging biomarkers. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7387-7404. [PMID: 38663933 PMCID: PMC11087129 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and telomere length (TL) are dynamic factors that have been linked to the aging process in organisms. However, the causal relationship between these variables remains uncertain. In this research, instrumental variables (IVs) related to mtDNA copy number and TL were obtained from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Through bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we examined the potential causal relationship between these factors. The forward analysis, with mtDNA copy number as the exposure and TL as the outcome, did not reveal a significant effect (B=-0.004, P>0.05). On the contrary, upon conducting a reverse analysis, it was found that there exists a positive causal relationship (B=0.054, P<0.05). Sensitivity analyses further confirmed the reliability of these results. The outcomes of this study indicate a one-way positive causal relationship, indicating that telomere shortening in the aging process may lead to a decrease in mtDNA copy number, providing new perspectives on their biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yan
- Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Peixuan Yang
- Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yani Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yawen Zha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijun Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, China
| | - Minying Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong, China
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Dilixiati D, Kadier K, Laihaiti D, Lu JD, Azhati B, Rexiati M. Association between leucocyte telomere length and erectile dysfunction in US adults: a secondary study based on 2001-2002 NHANES data. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e077808. [PMID: 38643009 PMCID: PMC11033652 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the association between the leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and erectile dysfunction (ED) among a nationally representative sample of US adults. DESIGN Secondary population-based study. SETTING The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2001-2002). PARTICIPANTS A total of 1694 male participants were extracted from the NHANES database for 2001-2002. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary focus of the study was to determine the association between the LTL and ED, using multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models for examination. The secondary outcome measures involved conducting stratified subgroup analyses to exclude interactions of different variables with the LTL. RESULTS Participants with ED had shorter LTLs than those without ED (p<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, compared with the reference lowest LTL quartile, the ORs and 95% CIs for the second, third and fourth LTL quartiles were (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.26), (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.24 to 2.58) and (OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.74 to 2.11), respectively. In addition, restricted cubic splines showed an inverted J-curve relationship between the LTL and ED. At an LTL of 1.037, the curve showed an inflection point. The ORs (95% CI) of ED on the left and right sides of the inflection point were (OR 1.99; 95% CI 0.39 to 10.20; p=0.385) and (OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.90; p=0.039). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated an inverted J-curve relationship between the LTL and ED. When the LTL was ≥1.037, the incidence of ED decreased with increasing LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diliyaer Dilixiati
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kaisaierjiang Kadier
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Duolikun Laihaiti
- Department of Joint Surgery, Changji Branch of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Changji, China
| | - Jian-De Lu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Baihetiya Azhati
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mulati Rexiati
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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20
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Mao R, Li J, Xiao W. Identification of prospective aging drug targets via Mendelian randomization analysis. Aging Cell 2024:e14171. [PMID: 38572516 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging represents a multifaceted process culminating in the deterioration of biological functions. Despite the introduction of numerous anti-aging strategies, their therapeutic outcomes have often been less than optimal. Consequently, discovering new targets to mitigate aging effects is of critical importance. We applied Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify potential pharmacological targets against aging, drawing upon summary statistics from both the Decode and FinnGen cohorts, with further validation in an additional cohort. To address potential reverse causality, bidirectional MR analysis with Steiger filtering was utilized. Additionally, Bayesian co-localization and phenotype scanning were implemented to investigate previous associations between genetic variants and traits. Summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis was conducted to assess the impact of genetic variants on aging via their effects on protein expression. Additionally, mediation analysis was orchestrated to uncover potential intermediaries in these associations. Finally, we probed the systemic implications of drug-target protein expression across diverse indications by MR-PheWas analysis. Utilizing a Bonferroni-corrected threshold, our MR examination identified 10 protein-aging associations. Within this cohort of proteins, MST1, LCT, GMPR2, PSMB4, ECM1, EFEMP1, and ISLR2 appear to exacerbate aging risks, while MAX, B3GNT8, and USP8 may exert protective influences. None of these proteins displayed reverse causality except EFEMP1. Bayesian co-localization inferred shared variants between aging and proteins such as B3GNT8 (rs11670143), ECM1 (rs61819393), and others listed. Mediator analysis pinpointed 1,5-anhydroglucitol as a partial intermediary in the influence LCT exhibits on telomere length. Circulating proteins play a pivotal role in influencing the aging process, making them promising candidates for therapeutic intervention. The implications of these proteins in aging warrant further investigation in future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqin Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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21
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Duan H, Shi R, Kang J, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Büchel C, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland PA, Heinz A, Brühl R, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Holz N, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Vaidya N, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Lin X, Feng J. Population clustering of structural brain aging and its association with brain development. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.09.24301030. [PMID: 38260410 PMCID: PMC10802651 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.09.24301030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Structural brain aging has demonstrated strong inter-individual heterogeneity and mirroring patterns with brain development. However, due to the lack of large-scale longitudinal neuroimaging studies, most of the existing research focused on the cross-sectional changes of brain aging. In this investigation, we present a data-driven approach that incorporate both cross-sectional changes and longitudinal trajectories of structural brain aging and identified two brain aging patterns among 37,013 healthy participants from UK Biobank. Participants with accelerated brain aging also demonstrated accelerated biological aging, cognitive decline and increased genetic susceptibilities to major neuropsychiatric disorders. Further, by integrating longitudinal neuroimaging studies from a multi-center adolescent cohort, we validated the "last in, first out" mirroring hypothesis and identified brain regions with manifested mirroring patterns between brain aging and brain development. Genomic analyses revealed risk loci and genes contributing to accelerated brain aging and delayed brain development, providing molecular basis for elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying brain aging and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojing Duan
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Runye Shi
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jujiao Kang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L. W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, 05405 Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Penny A. Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, corporate Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 “Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie”; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli; Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherce Médicale, INSERM U A10 “Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie”, University Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS; Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; and AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 “Trajectoires développementalesen psychiatrie”; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette; and Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nilakshi Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, corporate Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS Centre), ISTBI, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaolei Lin
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Institute of Medicine, Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
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22
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Wang B, Xiong Y, Li R, Zhang J, Zhang S. Shorter telomere length increases the risk of lymphocyte immunodeficiency: A Mendelian randomization study. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1251. [PMID: 38607251 PMCID: PMC11010948 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For a long time, the prevailing viewpoint suggests that shorter telomere contribute to chromosomal instability, which is a shared characteristic of both aging and cancer. The newest research presented that T cell immune deficiency rather than chromosome instability predisposes patients with short telomere syndromes to some cancers. However, the relationship between genetically determined telomere length (TL) and immune cells remains unclear. METHODS The two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to elucidate the potential causal relationship. The genetic data of TL and immune cells were obtained from the Genome-Wide Association Study. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used to estimate the effects primarily and another four methods were as a supplement. Sensitivity analysis was used to test the results. RESULTS The IVW method showed a significant correlation between TL and the percentage of T cells in lymphocytes (odds ratio [OR]: 1.222, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.014-1.472, p = .035), indicating that shorter TL significantly increases the risk of low T cell percentage. Further analysis of T cell subsets indicated that shorter TL may primarily lead to a lower percentage of Natural Killer T cells (OR: 1.574, 95% CI: 1.281-1.935, p < .001). Analysis of B cell subsets revealed that shorter TL may be associated with a higher percentage of Naive-mature B cells, and a lower percentage of Memory B cells. And the sensitivity analysis indicated the validity and robustness of our findings. CONCLUSION In summary, our findings suggest that shorter TL may be associated with a decline in the percentage of T cell, as well as impediments in the differentiation of B cell, consequently leading to the onset of immunosenescence and immunodeficiency. The relevant mechanisms and potential therapeutic avenues still need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yongqiang Xiong
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Ren Li
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Experimental Teaching Center for Clinical Skillsthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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23
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Hujoel MLA, Handsaker RE, Sherman MA, Kamitaki N, Barton AR, Mukamel RE, Terao C, McCarroll SA, Loh PR. Protein-altering variants at copy number-variable regions influence diverse human phenotypes. Nat Genet 2024; 56:569-578. [PMID: 38548989 PMCID: PMC11018521 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01684-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Copy number variants (CNVs) are among the largest genetic variants, yet CNVs have not been effectively ascertained in most genetic association studies. Here we ascertained protein-altering CNVs from UK Biobank whole-exome sequencing data (n = 468,570) using haplotype-informed methods capable of detecting subexonic CNVs and variation within segmental duplications. Incorporating CNVs into analyses of rare variants predicted to cause gene loss of function (LOF) identified 100 associations of predicted LOF variants with 41 quantitative traits. A low-frequency partial deletion of RGL3 exon 6 conferred one of the strongest protective effects of gene LOF on hypertension risk (odds ratio = 0.86 (0.82-0.90)). Protein-coding variation in rapidly evolving gene families within segmental duplications-previously invisible to most analysis methods-generated some of the human genome's largest contributions to variation in type 2 diabetes risk, chronotype and blood cell traits. These results illustrate the potential for new genetic insights from genomic variation that has escaped large-scale analysis to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux L A Hujoel
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Robert E Handsaker
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maxwell A Sherman
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Serinus Biosciences Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Nolan Kamitaki
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison R Barton
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ronen E Mukamel
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Applied Genetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Steven A McCarroll
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Po-Ru Loh
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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24
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Savage SA. Telomere length and cancer risk: finding Goldilocks. Biogerontology 2024; 25:265-278. [PMID: 38109000 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are the nucleoprotein complex at chromosome ends essential in genomic stability. Baseline telomere length (TL) is determined by rare and common germline genetic variants but shortens with age and is susceptible to certain environmental exposures. Cellular senescence or apoptosis are normally triggered when telomeres reach a critically short length, but cancer cells overcome these protective mechanisms and continue to divide despite chromosomal instability. Rare germline variants in telomere maintenance genes cause exceedingly short telomeres for age (< 1st percentile) and the telomere biology disorders, which are associated with elevated risks of bone marrow failure, myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, and squamous cell carcinoma of the head/neck and anogenital regions. Long telomeres due to rare germline variants in the same or different telomere maintenance genes are associated with elevated risks of other cancers, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia or sarcoma. Early epidemiology studies of TL in the general population lacked reproducibility but new methods, including creation of a TL polygenic score using common variants, have found longer telomeres associated with excess risks of renal cell carcinoma, glioma, lung cancer, and others. It has become clear that when it comes to TL and cancer etiology, not too short, not too long, but "just right" telomeres are important in minimizing cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A Savage
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, 6E456, Bethesda, MD, 20892-6772, USA.
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25
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Liu D, Aziz NA, Imtiaz MA, Pehlivan G, Breteler MMB. Associations of measured and genetically predicted leukocyte telomere length with vascular phenotypes: a population-based study. GeroScience 2024; 46:1947-1970. [PMID: 37782440 PMCID: PMC10828293 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. Whether this association differs between measured and genetically predicted LTL is still unclear. Moreover, the molecular processes underlying the association remain largely unknown. We used baseline data of the Rhineland Study, an ongoing population-based cohort study in Bonn, Germany [56.2% women, age: 55.5 ± 14.0 years (range 30 - 95 years)]. We calculated genetically predicted LTL in 4180 participants and measured LTL in a subset of 1828 participants with qPCR. Using multivariable regression, we examined the association of measured and genetically predicted LTL, and the difference between measured and genetically predicted LTL (ΔLTL), with four vascular functional domains and the overall vascular health. Moreover, we performed epigenome-wide association studies of three LTL measures. Longer measured LTL was associated with better microvascular and cardiac function. Longer predicted LTL was associated with better cardiac function. Larger ΔLTL was associated with better microvascular and cardiac function and overall vascular health, independent of genetically predicted LTL. Several CpGs were associated (p < 1e-05) with measured LTL (n = 5), genetically predicted LTL (n = 8), and ΔLTL (n = 27). Genes whose methylation status was associated with ΔLTL were enriched in vascular endothelial signaling pathways and have been linked to environmental exposures, cardiovascular diseases, and mortality. Our findings suggest that non-genetic causes of LTL contribute to microvascular and cardiac function and overall vascular health, through an effect on the vascular endothelial signaling pathway. Interventions that counteract LTL may thus improve vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany
| | - N Ahmad Aziz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mohammed Aslam Imtiaz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gökhan Pehlivan
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany
| | - Monique M B Breteler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany.
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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26
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Gellert-Kristensen H, Bojesen SE, Tybjærg Hansen A, Stender S. Telomere length and risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma in 63,272 individuals from the general population. Hepatology 2024; 79:857-868. [PMID: 37732945 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inherited short telomeres are associated with a risk of liver disease, whereas longer telomeres predispose to cancer. The association between telomere length and risk of HCC and cholangiocarcinoma remains unknown. APPROACH AND RESULTS We measured leukocyte telomere length using multiplex PCR in 63,272 individuals from the Danish general population. Telomere length and plasma ALT concentration were not associated (β = 4 ×10 -6 , p -value = 0.06) in a linear regression model, without any signs of a nonlinear relationship. We tested the association between telomere length and risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma using Cox regression. During a median follow-up of 11 years, 241, 76, and 112 individuals developed cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma, respectively. Telomere length and risk of cirrhosis were inversely and linearly associated ( p -value = 0.004, p for nonlinearity = 0.27). Individuals with telomeres in the shortest vs. longest quartile had a 2.25-fold higher risk of cirrhosis. Telomere length and risk of HCC were nonlinearly associated ( p -value = 0.009, p -value for nonlinearity = 0.01). This relationship resembled an inverted J-shape, with the highest risk observed in individuals with short telomeres. Individuals with telomeres in the shortest versus longest quartile had a 2.29-fold higher risk of HCC. Telomere length was inversely and linearly associated with the risk of cholangiocarcinoma. Individuals with telomeres in the shortest versus longest quartile had a 1.86-fold higher risk of cholangiocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Shorter telomere length is associated with a higher risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Gellert-Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Copenhagen University Hospitals and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen University Hospitals and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Denmark
| | - Anne Tybjærg Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Copenhagen University Hospitals and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefan Stender
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Copenhagen University Hospitals and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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An G, Zhao X, Zhao C. Unraveling the causal association between leukocyte telomere length and infertility: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298997. [PMID: 38512957 PMCID: PMC10956861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a significant challenge in modern society, and observed studies have reported the association between telomere length and infertility. Whether this relationship is causal remains controversial.We employed two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and major causes of infertility, including male and female infertility, sperm abnormalities, and endometriosis. MR analyses were mainly performed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and complemented with other MR methods.Our findings demonstrate a causal association between LTL and endometriosis (OR1.304, 95% CI (1.122,1.517), p = 0.001), suggesting its potential as a biomarker for this condition. However, we did not observe a significant causal relationship between LTL and other infertility causes.Our study presents compelling evidence on the relationship between LTL and endometriosis. Meanwhile, our study demonstrates that there is no causal relationship between LTL and infertility. This research contributes to the field by shedding light on the importance of LTL in the early diagnosis and intervention of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaole An
- Information Department, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xingnan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chenghui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Innovation & Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Li Y, Chen J, Sun T, Chen Y, Fu R, Liu X, Xue F, Liu W, Ju M, Dai X, Dong H, Li H, Wang W, Chi Y, Zhang L. Genetically determined telomere length and risk for haematologic diseases: results from large prospective cohorts and Mendelian Randomization analysis. Blood Cancer J 2024; 14:48. [PMID: 38499533 PMCID: PMC10948832 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-024-01035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Ting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yunfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Rongfeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Feng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Mankai Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xinyue Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Huan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Huiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Wentian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Ying Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Xu B, Ren J, Zhu S, Ding Y, Zhou W, Guo Q, Fang Y, Zheng J. Causal relationship between telomere length and risk of intracranial aneurysm: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1355895. [PMID: 38533417 PMCID: PMC10964484 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1355895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Telomere length is closely linked to the aging phenotype, where cellular aging results in the production of a cascade of cell factors and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), leading to an inflammatory response. The presence of inflammation plays a crucial role in the formation of intracranial aneurysms. Nevertheless, the relationship between telomere length and intracranial aneurysms remains unclear. This study aims to explore the causal connection between telomere length and intracranial aneurysms through the utilization of Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods Data on telomere length were obtained from the genome-wide association studies conducted on the UK Biobank, comprising a total of 472,174 participants. Data on intracranial aneurysms were obtained from the summary dataset of the Global Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) conducted by the International Stroke Genetics Consortium. The dataset consisted of 7,495 cases and 71,934 controls, all of European descent. Initially, the linkage disequilibrium score was used to investigate the connection between telomere length and intracranial aneurysms. Subsequently, a bidirectional MR was conducted using two-sample analysis to assess whether there is a causal connection between telomere length and intracranial aneurysm risk. The results were analyzed utilizing five MR methods, with the inverse variance weighted method serving as the main methodology. In addition, we did various analyses to evaluate the presence of heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and sensitivity in the study results. A reverse MR analysis was conducted to investigate potential reverse causal links. Results In the forward MR analysis, it was observed that both the inverse variance-weighted and weighted median analyses implied a potential causal relationship between longer telomere length and a decreased incidence of intracranial aneurysms (IVW: OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47-0.92, p = 1.49 × 10-2). There was no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. The findings were verified to be robust through the utilization of leave-one-out analysis. The use of reverse MR analysis did not establish a potential causal link between the occurrence of intracranial aneurysms and telomere length. Conclusion There may exist a potential correlation between longer telomere length and a decreased likelihood of intracranial aneurysms within the European population. The present study offers novel insights into the correlation between telomere length and intracranial aneurysms. Additional research is required to clarify the underlying mechanisms and validate our discoveries in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangjie Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Jiangbin Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
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Ingold N, Seviiri M, Ong JS, Gordon S, Neale RE, Whiteman DC, Olsen CM, MacGregor S, Law MH. Genetic Analysis of Perceived Youthfulness Reveals Differences in How Men's and Women's Age Is Assessed. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00180-5. [PMID: 38460809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Skin aging is a natural process that occurs over time but can be accelerated by sun exposure. Measuring skin age in a large population can provide insight into the extent of skin damage from sun exposure and skin cancer risk. Understanding the genetics of skin aging, within and across sexes (males and females), could improve our understanding of the genetic drivers of both skin aging and skin cancer. We used UK Biobank data to examine the genetic overlap between perceived youthfulness and traits relevant to actinic photoaging. Our GWAS identified 22 genome-wide significant loci for women and 43 for men. The genetic correlation (rg) between perceived youthfulness in men and women was significantly less than unity (rg = 0.75, 95% confidence interval = 0.69-0.80), suggesting a gene-by-sex interaction. In women, perceived youthfulness was modestly correlated with keratinocyte cancer (rg = -0.19) and skin tanning (rg = 0.18). In men, perceived youthfulness was correlated with male-pattern baldness (rg = -0.23). This suggests that the genetic architecture of perceived youthfulness may differ between sexes, with genes influencing skin tanning and skin cancer susceptibility driving the difference in women, whereas genes influencing male-pattern baldness and other puberty-related traits drive the difference in men. We recommend that future genetic analysis of skin aging include a sex-stratified component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Ingold
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Mathias Seviiri
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jue-Sheng Ong
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Scott Gordon
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rachel E Neale
- Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - David C Whiteman
- Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Catherine M Olsen
- Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew H Law
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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31
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Fang T, Zhang Z, Ren K, Zou L. Genetically determined telomere length as a risk factor for hematological malignancies: evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4684-4698. [PMID: 38451181 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past years, the exact correlation between telomere length and hematological malignancies was still not fully understood. METHODS We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to investigate the causal relationship between telomere length and hematological malignancies. We selected genetic instruments associated with telomere length. The genetic associations for lymphoid and hematopoietic malignant neoplasms were obtained from the most recent publicly accessible FinnGen study R9 data. Inverse variant weighted (IVW) analysis was adopted as the primary method, and we also performed the weighted-median method and the MR-Egger, and MRPRESSO methods as sensitive analysis. RESULTS Significant associations have been observed between telomere length and primary lymphoid (IVW: OR = 1.52, P = 2.11 × 10-6), Hodgkin lymphoma (IVW: OR = 1.64, P = 0.014), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (IVW: OR = 1.70, P = 0.002), B-cell lymphoma (IVW: OR = 1.57, P = 0.015), non-follicular lymphoma (IVW: OR = 1.58, P = 1.7 × 10-3), mantle cell lymphoma (IVW: OR = 3.13, P = 0.003), lymphoid leukemia (IVW: OR = 2.56, P = 5.92E-09), acute lymphocytic leukemia (IVW: OR = 2.65, P = 0.021) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (IVW: OR = 2.80, P = 8.21 × 10-6), along with multiple myeloma (IVW: OR = 1.85, P = 0.016). CONCLUSION This MR study found a significant association between telomere length and a wide range of hematopoietic malignancies. But no substantial impact of lymphoma and hematopoietic malignancies on telomere length has been detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Department of Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kexing Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liqun Zou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ding K, Zhangwang J, Lei M, Xiong C. Insight into telomere regulation: road to discovery and intervention in plasma drug-protein targets. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:231. [PMID: 38431573 PMCID: PMC10909270 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length is a critical metric linked to aging, health, and disease. Currently, the exploration of target proteins related to telomere length is usually limited to the context of aging and specific diseases, which limits the discovery of more relevant drug targets. This study integrated large-scale plasma cis-pQTLs data and telomere length GWAS datasets. We used Mendelian randomization(MR) to identify drug target proteins for telomere length, providing essential clues for future precision therapy and targeted drug development. METHODS Using plasma cis-pQTLs data from a previous GWAS study (3,606 Pqtls associated with 2,656 proteins) and a GWAS dataset of telomere length (sample size: 472,174; GWAS ID: ieu-b-4879) from UK Biobank, using MR, external validation, and reverse causality testing, we identified essential drug target proteins for telomere length. We also performed co-localization, Phenome-wide association studies and enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network construction, search for existing intervening drugs, and potential drug/compound prediction for these critical targets to strengthen and expand our findings. RESULTS After Bonferron correction (p < 0.05/734), RPN1 (OR: 0.96; 95%CI: (0.95, 0.97)), GDI2 (OR: 0.94; 95%CI: (0.92, 0.96)), NT5C (OR: 0.97; 95%CI: (0.95, 0.98)) had a significant negative causal association with telomere length; TYRO3 (OR: 1.11; 95%CI: (1.09, 1.15)) had a significant positive causal association with telomere length. GDI2 shared the same genetic variants with telomere length (coloc.abf-PPH 4 > 0.8). CONCLUSION Genetically determined plasma RPN1, GDI2, NT5C, and TYRO3 have significant causal effects on telomere length and can potentially be drug targets. Further exploration of the role and mechanism of these proteins/genes in regulating telomere length is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixi Ding
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Juejue Zhangwang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
| | - Chunping Xiong
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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Wang Y, Liu Q, Liang S, Yao M, Zheng H, Hu D, Wang Y. Genetically predicted telomere length and the risk of 11 hematological diseases: a Mendelian randomization study. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4270-4281. [PMID: 38393686 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have demonstrated that various hematologic diseases (HDs) induce alterations in telomere length (TL). The aim of this study is to investigate whether genetically predicted changes in TL have an impact on the risk of developing HDs. METHODS GWAS data for TL and 11 HDs were extracted from the database. The R software package "TwoSampleMR" was employed to conduct a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, in order to estimate the influence of TL changes on the risk of developing the 11 HDs. RESULTS We examined the effect of TL changes on the risk of developing the 11 HDs. The IVW results revealed a significant causal association between genetically predicted longer TL and the risk of developing acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), mantle cell lymphoma (MANTLE), and hodgkin lymphoma (HODGKIN). However, there was no significant causal relationship observed between TL changes and the risk of developing chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), marginal zone b-cell lymphoma (MARGINAL), follicular lymphoma (FOLLICULAR), monocytic leukemia (MONOCYTIC), and mature T/NK-cell lymphomas (TNK). CONCLUSIONS The MR analysis revealed a positive association between genetically predicted longer TL and an increased risk of developing ALL, AML, CLL, MANTLE, and HODGKIN. This study further supports the notion that cells with longer TL have greater proliferative and mutational potential, leading to an increased risk of certain HDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shibing Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Minghao Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dongqing Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Chen M, Wang Z, Xu H, Teng P, Li W, Ma L. Association between modifiable lifestyle factors and telomere length: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study. J Transl Med 2024; 22:160. [PMID: 38365769 PMCID: PMC10870665 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04956-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length has long been recognized as a valuable biomarker of aging and is inversely correlated with chronological age. Various lifestyle factors have been implicated in telomere shortening or preservation; however, the association between lifestyle factors and telomere length remains controversial. To address this issue, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the potential causal associations between multiple lifestyle factors and telomere length. METHODS Independent genetic variants strongly associated with lifestyle factors (tobacco smoking, sleep duration, insomnia, and physical activity) were selected as instrumental variables from corresponding genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Summary-level data for telomere length was obtained from a GWAS comprising 472,174 European ancestries. Univariable and multivariable MR analyses were performed to assess the relationships. RESULTS The genetic liability to lifetime smoking was robustly associated with shorter telomere length (odd ratio [OR]: 0.882; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.847-0.918). Genetically predicted insomnia was also linked to shorter telomere length (OR: 0.972; 95% CI: 0.959-0.985), while no significant association was observed between sleep duration and telomere length. Furthermore, a suggestive association was found between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and longer telomere length (OR: 1.680; 95% CI: 1.115-2.531). In multivariable MR analyses, adjusting for potential mediators such as body mass index, type 2 diabetes, alcohol consumption, and alcohol use disorder, the associations of lifetime smoking and insomnia with telomere length remained robust. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that smoking and insomnia may contribute to telomere shortening, while physical activity may play a role in telomere length maintenance. These findings underscore the importance of managing positive risk factors and adopting a healthy lifestyle to promote telomere health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Number 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Number 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongfei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Number 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Teng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Number 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Number 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Number 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, China.
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Wong JY, Blechter B, Hubbard AK, Machiela MJ, Shi J, Gadalla SM, Hu W, Rahman ML, Rothman N, Lan Q. Phenotypic and genetically predicted leucocyte telomere length and lung cancer risk in the prospective UK Biobank. Thorax 2024; 79:274-278. [PMID: 38238005 PMCID: PMC10923134 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2023-220076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
We investigated phenotypic leucocyte telomere length (LTL), genetically predicted LTL (gTL), and lung cancer risk among 371 890 participants, including 2829 incident cases, from the UK Biobank. Using multivariable Cox regression, we found dose-response relationships between longer phenotypic LTL (p-trendcontinuous=2.6×10-5), longer gTL predicted using a polygenic score with 130 genetic instruments (p-trendcontinuous=4.2×10-10), and overall lung cancer risk, particularly for adenocarcinoma. The associations were prominent among never smokers. Mendelian Randomization analyses supported causal associations between longer telomere length and lung cancer (HRper 1 SD gTL=1.87, 95% CI: 1.49 to 2.36, p=4.0×10-7), particularly adenocarcinoma (HRper 1 SD gTL=2.45, 95%CI: 1.69 to 3.57, p=6.5×10-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yy Wong
- Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Batel Blechter
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Aubrey K Hubbard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Mitchell J Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Shahinaz M Gadalla
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Mohammad L Rahman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Pardo-Cea MA, Farré X, Esteve A, Palade J, Espín R, Mateo F, Alsop E, Alorda M, Blay N, Baiges A, Shabbir A, Comellas F, Gómez A, Arnan M, Teulé A, Salinas M, Berrocal L, Brunet J, Rofes P, Lázaro C, Conesa M, Rojas JJ, Velten L, Fendler W, Smyczynska U, Chowdhury D, Zeng Y, He HH, Li R, Van Keuren-Jensen K, de Cid R, Pujana MA. Biological basis of extensive pleiotropy between blood traits and cancer risk. Genome Med 2024; 16:21. [PMID: 38308367 PMCID: PMC10837955 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-024-01294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune system has a central role in preventing carcinogenesis. Alteration of systemic immune cell levels may increase cancer risk. However, the extent to which common genetic variation influences blood traits and cancer risk remains largely undetermined. Here, we identify pleiotropic variants and predict their underlying molecular and cellular alterations. METHODS Multivariate Cox regression was used to evaluate associations between blood traits and cancer diagnosis in cases in the UK Biobank. Shared genetic variants were identified from the summary statistics of the genome-wide association studies of 27 blood traits and 27 cancer types and subtypes, applying the conditional/conjunctional false-discovery rate approach. Analysis of genomic positions, expression quantitative trait loci, enhancers, regulatory marks, functionally defined gene sets, and bulk- and single-cell expression profiles predicted the biological impact of pleiotropic variants. Plasma small RNAs were sequenced to assess association with cancer diagnosis. RESULTS The study identified 4093 common genetic variants, involving 1248 gene loci, that contributed to blood-cancer pleiotropism. Genomic hotspots of pleiotropism include chromosomal regions 5p15-TERT and 6p21-HLA. Genes whose products are involved in regulating telomere length are found to be enriched in pleiotropic variants. Pleiotropic gene candidates are frequently linked to transcriptional programs that regulate hematopoiesis and define progenitor cell states of immune system development. Perturbation of the myeloid lineage is indicated by pleiotropic associations with defined master regulators and cell alterations. Eosinophil count is inversely associated with cancer risk. A high frequency of pleiotropic associations is also centered on the regulation of small noncoding Y-RNAs. Predicted pleiotropic Y-RNAs show specific regulatory marks and are overabundant in the normal tissue and blood of cancer patients. Analysis of plasma small RNAs in women who developed breast cancer indicates there is an overabundance of Y-RNA preceding neoplasm diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals extensive pleiotropism between blood traits and cancer risk. Pleiotropism is linked to factors and processes involved in hematopoietic development and immune system function, including components of the major histocompatibility complexes, and regulators of telomere length and myeloid lineage. Deregulation of Y-RNAs is also associated with pleiotropism. Overexpression of these elements might indicate increased cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Pardo-Cea
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Farré
- Genomes for Life - GCAT Lab Group, Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve
- Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joanna Palade
- Cancer and Cell Biology, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Roderic Espín
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesca Mateo
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eric Alsop
- Cancer and Cell Biology, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Marc Alorda
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Natalia Blay
- Genomes for Life - GCAT Lab Group, Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alexandra Baiges
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Arzoo Shabbir
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Comellas
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Catalonia, Castelldefels, 08860, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antonio Gómez
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCT), University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, 08500, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Arnan
- Department of Hematology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alex Teulé
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Monica Salinas
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laura Berrocal
- OncoGir, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190, Salt, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Brunet
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- OncoGir, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190, Salt, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Centre in Cancer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Rofes
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Centre in Cancer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222, Madrid, Spain
| | - Conxi Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Centre in Cancer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Conesa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapies, University of Barcelona (UB), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Rojas
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapies, University of Barcelona (UB), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lars Velten
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Urszula Smyczynska
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for BRCA and Related Genes, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yong Zeng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Housheng Hansen He
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen
- Cancer and Cell Biology, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | - Rafael de Cid
- Genomes for Life - GCAT Lab Group, Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Miquel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Network Centre in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222, Madrid, Spain.
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Qin S, Sheng Z, Chen C, Cao Y. Genetic relationship between ageing and coronary heart disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Eur Geriatr Med 2024; 15:159-167. [PMID: 37948032 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic relationship between ageing and coronary heart disease has not been well investigated. The aim of the study was to explore the association of several ageing biomarkers with the risk of several types of coronary heart disease using the Mendelian randomization approach. METHODS Summary data for telomere length, four epigenetic clocks (such as intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration), four types of coronary heart disease (such as myocardial infarction) were collected from the most updated and available genome-wide association studies. Instrumental variables were extracted from the exposure-related summary data according to correlation, independence and exclusivity assumptions. Three Mendelian randomization methods (such as inverse variance weighted) were used for causal inference. Four sensitivity analyses (such as MR-Egger intercept) were performed to prevent horizontal pleiotropy. RESULTS Inverse variance weighted reported that longer telomere length was related to the lower risk of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, unstable angina pectoris and coronary atherosclerosis (P = 8.840e-11, P = 9.830e-04, P = 1.539e-05, P = 2.607e-09). Inverse variance weighted also reported that four epigenetic clocks might be not implicated in the risk of these coronary heart diseases. Furthermore, there was not enough evidence to confirm the effect of coronary heart disease on these ageing biomarkers. CONCLUSION Longer telomere length, but not the epigenetic clock changes, genetically decreased the risk of coronary heart disease. Considering that telomere length and epigenetic clocks were two independent ageing biomarkers, the correlation between ageing and coronary heart disease might be redefined at the genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirun Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhe Sheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chenyang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
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38
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Sun K, Li M, Wu Y, Wu Y, Zeng Y, Zhou S, Peng L, Shen B. Exploring Causal Relationships between Leukocyte Telomere Length, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Levels, and Osteoporosis Using Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization. Orthop Surg 2024; 16:320-328. [PMID: 38084376 PMCID: PMC10834216 DOI: 10.1111/os.13947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence supports that leukocyte telomere length (LTL) may be positively associated with healthy living and inversely correlated with the risk of age-related diseases, including osteoporosis. Furthermore, it is important to note that sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels play a crucial role in the regulation of osteoporosis by influencing the availability of sex hormones. Hence, this study holds significant importance as it aims to unravel the roles of LTL and SHBG levels and determine which one acts as a predominant intermediary factor in influencing osteoporosis. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we can gain valuable insights into the intricate relationships between aging, sex hormones, and bone health. METHODS Univariable and multivariable and MR analyses were employed in this study. First, we used genetic variants associated with both LTL, as determined from a study involving 472,174 European participants by Codd et al., and SHBG levels, as identified in a study conducted by Ruth et al. with 370,125 participants, as instrumental variables (IVs). Then we aimed to establish a causal relationship between LTL and SHBG levels and their potential impact on osteoporosis using univariable MR. Finally, we conducted multivariable MR to provide insights into the independent and combined effects of LTL, SHBG levels on osteoporosis risk. We used various MR methods, with the primary analysis employing the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model. RESULTS Univariable MR analysis reveals a potential causal effect of longer LTL on reduced risk of osteoporosis [odds ratio (OR): 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73-0.99; p = 0.03]. Conversely, higher genetically determined SHBG levels affect the risk of osteoporosis positively. (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.09-1.75; p < 0.01). We observed a negative causal effect for LTL on the occurrence of SHBG (OR: 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98, p < 0.01). After adjustment of using multivariable MR, the causal effect of LTL on osteoporosis (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.84-1.03; p = 0.14), and the effect of SHBG on osteoporosis (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.16-1.75; p < 0.01) were observed. CONCLUSION Longer LTL may confer a protective effect against osteoporosis. Additionally, the levels of SHBG appear to play a crucial role in mediating the relationship between LTL and osteoporosis. By understanding the interplay between these factors, we can gain valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying bone health and aging and potentially identify new avenues for prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaibo Sun
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Mengying Li
- Center of Reproductive MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yongtao Wu
- West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuangang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shengliang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Linbo Peng
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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39
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de Magalhães JP. Distinguishing between driver and passenger mechanisms of aging. Nat Genet 2024; 56:204-211. [PMID: 38242993 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Understanding why we age is a long-standing question, and many mechanistic theories of aging have been proposed. Owing to limitations in studying the aging process, including a lack of adequate quantitative measurements, its mechanistic basis remains a subject of debate. Here, I explore theories of aging from the perspective of causal relationships. Many aging-related changes have been observed and touted as drivers of aging, including molecular changes in the genome, telomeres, mitochondria, epigenome and proteins and cellular changes affecting stem cells, the immune system and senescent cell buildup. Determining which changes are drivers and not passengers of aging remains a challenge, however, and I discuss how animal models and human genetic studies have been used empirically to infer causality. Overall, our understanding of the drivers of human aging is still inadequate; yet with a global aging population, elucidating the causes of aging has the potential to revolutionize biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro de Magalhães
- Genomics of Ageing and Rejuvenation Lab, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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40
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Allen NE, Lacey B, Lawlor DA, Pell JP, Gallacher J, Smeeth L, Elliott P, Matthews PM, Lyons RA, Whetton AD, Lucassen A, Hurles ME, Chapman M, Roddam AW, Fitzpatrick NK, Hansell AL, Hardy R, Marioni RE, O’Donnell VB, Williams J, Lindgren CM, Effingham M, Sellors J, Danesh J, Collins R. Prospective study design and data analysis in UK Biobank. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadf4428. [PMID: 38198570 PMCID: PMC11127744 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf4428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Population-based prospective studies, such as UK Biobank, are valuable for generating and testing hypotheses about the potential causes of human disease. We describe how UK Biobank's study design, data access policies, and approaches to statistical analysis can help to minimize error and improve the interpretability of research findings, with implications for other population-based prospective studies being established worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi E Allen
- UK Biobank Ltd, Stockport, UK
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ben Lacey
- UK Biobank Ltd, Stockport, UK
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jill P Pell
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Scotland
| | - John Gallacher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Dementias Platform UK, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liam Smeeth
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Paul M Matthews
- UK Dementia Research Centre Institute and Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ronan A Lyons
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales
| | - Anthony D Whetton
- Veterinary Health Innovation Engine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Anneke Lucassen
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University, Southampton, UK
| | - Matthew E Hurles
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Anna L Hansell
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rebecca Hardy
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | | | - Julie Williams
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rory Collins
- UK Biobank Ltd, Stockport, UK
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Wang D, Li C, Zhang X, Li Y, He J, Guo X. Leukocyte telomere length and sarcopenia-related traits: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296063. [PMID: 38166034 PMCID: PMC10760921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicated that leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was related to sarcopenia. However, it is still not clear whether the association of changes in LTL with sarcopenia is likely to be causal, or could be explained by reverse causality. Thus, we carried on bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR analyses to identify the causal relationship between LTL and sarcopenia-related traits. Summary-level data and independent variants used as instruments came from large genome-wide association studies of LTL (472,174 participants), appendicular lean mass (450,243 participants), low grip strength (256,523 participants), and walking pace (450,967 participants). We identified suggestive association of longer LTL with larger appendicular lean mass [odds ratio (OR) = 1.053; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.009-1.099; P = 0.018], and causal association of longer LTL with a lower risk of low grip strength (OR = 0.915; 95% CI, 0.860-0.974; P = 0.005). In the reverse MR analysis, we also observed a positive causal association between walking pace and LTL (OR = 1.252; 95% CI, 1.121-1.397; P < 0.001). Similar results can be repeated in sensitivity analyses. While in the multivariable MR analysis, the estimate of the impact of walking pace on LTL underwent a transformation after adjusting for T2DM (OR = 1.141; 95%CI: 0.989-1.317; P = 0.070). The current MR analysis supported a causal relationship between shorter telomere length and both low muscle mass and strength. Additionally, walking pace may affect LTL through T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingkun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenhao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhua He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Wang W, Huang N, Zhuang Z, Song Z, Li Y, Dong X, Xiao W, Zhao Y, Jia J, Liu Z, Qi L, Huang T. Identifying Potential Causal Effects of Telomere Length on Health Outcomes: A Phenome-Wide Investigation and Mendelian Randomization Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glad128. [PMID: 37209418 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length has been linked to various health outcomes. To comprehensively investigate the causal effects of telomere length throughout the human disease spectrum, we conducted a phenome-wide Mendelian randomization study (MR-PheWAS) and a systematic review of MR studies. METHODS We conducted a PheWAS to screen for associations between telomere length and 1 035 phenotypes in the UK Biobank (n = 408 354). The exposure of interest was the genetic risk score (GRS) of telomere length. Observed associations passing multiple testing corrections were assessed for causality by 2-sample MR analysis. A systematic review of MR studies on telomere length was performed to harmonize the published evidence and complement our findings. RESULTS Of the 1 035 phenotypes tested, PheWAS identified 29 and 78 associations of telomere length GRS at a Bonferroni- and false discovery rate-corrected threshold; 24 and 66 distinct health outcomes were causal in the following principal MR analysis. The replication MR using data from the FinnGen study provided evidence of causal effects of genetically instrumented telomere length on 28 out of 66 outcomes, including decreased risks of 5 diseases in respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, and myocardial infarction, and increased risks of 23 diseases, mainly comprised neoplasms, diseases of the genitourinary system, and essential hypertension. A systematic review of 53 MR studies found evidence to support 16 out of the 66 outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This large-scale MR-PheWAS identified a wide range of health outcomes that were possibly affected by telomere length, and suggested that susceptibility to telomere length may vary across disease categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ninghao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhuang Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zimin Song
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueying Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wendi Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhu Jia
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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43
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Chang Y, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Li W, Cao J, Jing Y, Zhang S, Shen Y, Lin Q, Fan X, Yang H, Dong X, Zhang S, Yi X, Shuai L, Shi L, Liu Z, Yang J, Ma X, Hao J, Chen K, Li MJ, Wang F, Huang D. Unraveling the causal genes and transcriptomic determinants of human telomere length. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8517. [PMID: 38129441 PMCID: PMC10739845 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) shortening is a pivotal indicator of biological aging and is associated with many human diseases. The genetic determinates of human TL have been widely investigated, however, most existing studies were conducted based on adult tissues which are heavily influenced by lifetime exposure. Based on the analyses of terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length of telomere, individual genotypes, and gene expressions on 166 healthy placental tissues, we systematically interrogate TL-modulated genes and their potential functions. We discover that the TL in the placenta is comparatively longer than in other adult tissues, but exhibiting an intra-tissue homogeneity. Trans-ancestral TL genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on 644,553 individuals identify 20 newly discovered genetic associations and provide increased polygenic determination of human TL. Next, we integrate the powerful TL GWAS with placental expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping to prioritize 23 likely causal genes, among which 4 are functionally validated, including MMUT, RRM1, KIAA1429, and YWHAZ. Finally, modeling transcriptomic signatures and TRF-based TL improve the prediction performance of human TL. This study deepens our understanding of causal genes and transcriptomic determinants of human TL, promoting the mechanistic research on fine-grained TL regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junrui Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiasong Cao
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqing Jing
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qimei Lin
- Tianjin Key Lab of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xutong Fan
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaobao Dong
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianfu Yi
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mulin Jun Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Genetics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China.
| | - Dandan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Cacic AM, Schulz FI, Germing U, Dietrich S, Gattermann N. Molecular and clinical aspects relevant for counseling individuals with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1303785. [PMID: 38162500 PMCID: PMC10754976 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1303785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) has fascinated the medical community for some time. Discovered about a decade ago, this phenomenon links age-related alterations in hematopoiesis not only to the later development of hematological malignancies but also to an increased risk of early-onset cardiovascular disease and some other disorders. CHIP is detected in the blood and is characterized by clonally expanded somatic mutations in cancer-associated genes, predisposing to the development of hematologic neoplasms such as MDS and AML. CHIP-associated mutations often involve DNA damage repair genes and are frequently observed following prior cytotoxic cancer therapy. Genetic predisposition seems to be a contributing factor. It came as a surprise that CHIP significantly elevates the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, and also contributes to heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Meanwhile, evidence of mutant clonal macrophages in vessel walls and organ parenchyma helps to explain the pathophysiology. Besides aging, there are some risk factors promoting the appearance of CHIP, such as smoking, chronic inflammation, chronic sleep deprivation, and high birth weight. This article describes fundamental aspects of CHIP and explains its association with hematologic malignancies, cardiovascular disorders, and other medical conditions, while also exploring potential progress in the clinical management of affected individuals. While it is important to diagnose conditions that can lead to adverse, but potentially preventable, effects, it is equally important not to stress patients by confronting them with disconcerting findings that cannot be remedied. Individuals with diagnosed or suspected CHIP should receive counseling in a specialized outpatient clinic, where professionals from relevant medical specialties may help them to avoid the development of CHIP-related health problems. Unfortunately, useful treatments and clinical guidelines for managing CHIP are still largely lacking. However, there are some promising approaches regarding the management of cardiovascular disease risk. In the future, strategies aimed at restoration of gene function or inhibition of inflammatory mediators may become an option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Cacic
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felicitas Isabel Schulz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sascha Dietrich
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Gattermann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
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Luo X, Ruan Z, Liu L. Causal relationship between telomere length and epilepsy: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Epilepsia Open 2023; 8:1432-1439. [PMID: 37593897 PMCID: PMC10690705 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observational studies have suggested a link between telomere length (TL) and epilepsy, but the direction of the effect and whether it is causal or not is still being debated. The objective of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between TL and epilepsy using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS We performed a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis using pooled statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of TL and epilepsy. Additionally, we conducted a replication analysis using data from another GWAS study on epilepsy to validate our findings. The final results were analyzed using five MR methods, with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary outcome. We applied methods such as radial MR, MR pleiotropy residual and outlier test and MR Steiger filters to exclude outliers. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. RESULTS Our analysis found no evidence of a causal relationship between epilepsy and TL (all p-values >0.05). The sensitivity analysis confirms the robustness of these results. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, our study contradicts existing observational reports by not finding any evidence to support a causal relationship between epilepsy and TL. Further research is necessary to determine the underlying mechanism behind the association observed in observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Luo
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchangChina
| | - Zhichao Ruan
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ling Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchangChina
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Stacey SN, Zink F, Halldorsson GH, Stefansdottir L, Gudjonsson SA, Einarsson G, Hjörleifsson G, Eiriksdottir T, Helgadottir A, Björnsdottir G, Thorgeirsson TE, Olafsdottir TA, Jonsdottir I, Gretarsdottir S, Tragante V, Magnusson MK, Jonsson H, Gudmundsson J, Olafsson S, Holm H, Gudbjartsson DF, Sulem P, Helgason A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tryggvadottir L, Rafnar T, Melsted P, Ulfarsson MÖ, Vidarsson B, Thorleifsson G, Stefansson K. Genetics and epidemiology of mutational barcode-defined clonal hematopoiesis. Nat Genet 2023; 55:2149-2159. [PMID: 37932435 PMCID: PMC10703693 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) arises when a substantial proportion of mature blood cells is derived from a single hematopoietic stem cell lineage. Using whole-genome sequencing of 45,510 Icelandic and 130,709 UK Biobank participants combined with a mutational barcode method, we identified 16,306 people with CH. Prevalence approaches 50% in elderly participants. Smoking demonstrates a dosage-dependent impact on risk of CH. CH associates with several smoking-related diseases. Contrary to published claims, we find no evidence that CH is associated with cardiovascular disease. We provide evidence that CH is driven by genes that are commonly mutated in myeloid neoplasia and implicate several new driver genes. The presence and nature of a driver mutation alters the risk profile for hematological disorders. Nevertheless, most CH cases have no known driver mutations. A CH genome-wide association study identified 25 loci, including 19 not implicated previously in CH. Splicing, protein and expression quantitative trait loci were identified for CD164 and TCL1A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gisli H Halldorsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thorunn A Olafsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ingileif Jonsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Immunology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | - Magnus K Magnusson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Agnar Helgason
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | - Pall Melsted
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Magnus Ö Ulfarsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Brynjar Vidarsson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Hematology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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Liu W, You J, Ge Y, Wu B, Zhang Y, Chen S, Zhang Y, Huang S, Ma L, Feng J, Cheng W, Yu J. Association of biological age with health outcomes and its modifiable factors. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13995. [PMID: 37723992 PMCID: PMC10726867 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying the clinical implications and modifiable and unmodifiable factors of aging requires the measurement of biological age (BA) and age gap. Leveraging the biomedical traits involved with physical measures, biochemical assays, genomic data, and cognitive functions from the healthy participants in the UK Biobank, we establish an integrative BA model consisting of multi-dimensional indicators. Accelerated aging (age gap >3.2 years) at baseline is associated incident circulatory diseases, related chronic disorders, all-cause, and cause-specific mortality. We identify 35 modifiable factors for age gap (p < 4.81 × 10-4 ), where pulmonary functions, body mass, hand grip strength, basal metabolic rate, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and C-reactive protein show the most significant associations. Genetic analyses replicate the possible associations between age gap and health-related outcomes and further identify CST3 as an essential gene for biological aging, which is highly expressed in the brain and is associated with immune and metabolic traits. Our study profiles the landscape of biological aging and provides insights into the preventive strategies and therapeutic targets for aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Shi Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jia You
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain‐Inspired Intelligence, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain‐Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghaiChina
| | - Yi‐Jun Ge
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bang‐Sheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shi‐Dong Chen
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ya‐Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shu‐Yi Huang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ling‐Zhi Ma
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jian‐Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain‐Inspired Intelligence, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain‐Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghaiChina
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain‐Inspired Intelligence, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain‐Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghaiChina
- Fudan ISTBI—ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain‐Inspired IntelligenceZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina
- Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hosptital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Jin‐Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Raj HA, Lai TP, Niewisch MR, Giri N, Wang Y, Spellman SR, Aviv A, Gadalla SM, Savage SA. The distribution and accumulation of the shortest telomeres in telomere biology disorders. Br J Haematol 2023; 203:820-828. [PMID: 37354000 PMCID: PMC10748793 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with telomere biology disorders (TBDs) have very short telomeres, high risk of bone marrow failure (BMF), and reduced survival. Using data from TBD patients, a mean leukocyte Southern blot telomere length (TL) of 5 kilobases (kb) was estimated as the 'telomere brink' at which human survival is markedly reduced. However, the shortest telomere, not the mean TL, signals replicative senescence. We used the Telomere Shortest Length Assay (TeSLA) to tally TL of all 46 chromosomes in blood-derived DNA and examined its relationship with TBDs. Patients (n = 18) had much shorter mean TL (TeSmTL) (2.54 ± 0.41 kb vs. 4.48 ± 0.52 kb, p < 0.0001) and more telomeres <3 kb than controls (n = 22) (70.43 ± 8.76% vs. 33.05 ± 6.93%, p < 0.0001). The proportion of ultrashort telomeres (<1.6 kb) was also higher in patients than controls (39.29 ± 10.69% vs. 10.40 ± 4.09%, p < 0.0001). TeS <1.6 kb was associated with severe (n = 11) compared with non-severe (n = 7) BMF (p = 0.027). Patients with multi-organ manifestations (n = 10) had more telomeres <1.6 kb than those with one affected organ system (n = 8) (p = 0.029). Findings suggest that TBD clinical manifestations are associated with a disproportionately higher number of haematopoietic cell telomeres reaching a telomere brink, whose length at the single telomere level is yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A. Raj
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Tsung-Po Lai
- Center of Human Development and Aging, Rutgers University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Marena R. Niewisch
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Neelam Giri
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Youjin Wang
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Stephen R. Spellman
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Abraham Aviv
- Center of Human Development and Aging, Rutgers University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Shahinaz M. Gadalla
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Sharon A. Savage
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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Luo X, Ruan Z, Liu L. Causal relationship between depression and aging: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:3179-3187. [PMID: 37999829 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causal relationship and the direction of the effect between depression and aging remain controversial. METHODS We used a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to examine the relationship between depression and age proxy indicators. We obtained pooled statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on depression and the age proxy indicators. We employed five MR analysis methods to address potential biases and ensure robustness of our results, with the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method being the primary outcome. We also conducted outlier exclusion using Radial MR, MRPRESSO, and MR Steiger filters. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. RESULTS Our MR analysis revealed that depression causally leads to shortened telomere length (β = - 0.014; P = 0.038), increased frailty index (β = 0.076; P = 0.000), and accelerated GrimAge (β = 0.249; P = 0.024). Furthermore, our findings showed that the frailty index (OR = 1.679; P = 0.001) was causally associated with an increased risk of depression. Additionally, we found that appendicular lean mass (OR = 0.929; P = 0.000) and left-hand grip strength (OR = 0.836; P = 0.014) were causally associated with a reduced risk of depression. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that depression contributes to the accelerated aging process, resulting in decreased telomere length, increased frailty index, and accelerated GrimAge. Additionally, we found that the frailty index increases the risk of depression, while appendicular lean mass and left-handed grip strength reduce the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Luo
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhichao Ruan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.
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50
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Liu M, Lan Y, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wu M, Yang L, Zhou J, Tong M, Leng L, Zheng H, Li J, Mi X. Telomere length is associated with increased risk of cutaneous melanoma: a Mendelian randomization study. Melanoma Res 2023; 33:475-481. [PMID: 37650705 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
RESULTS The MR analysis using two TL GWAS datasets revealed strong and consistent evidence that long TL is causally associated with an increased risk of CM. The analysis of the Codd et al. dataset found that long TL significantly predicted an elevated risk of CM (IVW OR = 2.411, 95% CI 2.092-2.780, P = 8.05E-34). Similarly, the analysis of the Li et al. dataset yielded consistent positive results across all MR methods, providing further robustness to the causal relationship (IVW OR = 2.324, 95% CI 1.516-3.565, P = 1.11E-04). The study provides evidence for a causal association between TL and CM susceptibility, indicating that longer TL increases the risk of developing CM and providing insight into the unique telomere biology in melanoma pathogenesis. Telomere maintenance pathways may be a potential target for preventing and treating CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjuan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- 4 + 4 M.D. Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yining Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Departments of Internal Medicine
- Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mengyin Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Leyan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Meiyi Tong
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Ling Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Heyi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Xia Mi
- Department of Dermatology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
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