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Hussen NH, Hasan AH, FaqiKhedr YM, Bogoyavlenskiy A, Bhat AR, Jamalis J. Carbon Dot Based Carbon Nanoparticles as Potent Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Anticancer Agents. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9849-9864. [PMID: 38463310 PMCID: PMC10918813 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial and anticancer drugs are widely used due to increasing widespread infectious diseases caused by microorganisms such as bacterial, fungal, viral agents, or cancer cells, which are one of the major causes of mortality globally. Nevertheless, several microorganisms developed resistance to antibiotics as a result of genetic changes that have occurred over an extended period. Carbon-based materials, particularly carbon dots (C-dots), are potential candidates for antibacterial and anticancer nanomaterials due to their low toxicity, ease of synthesis and functionalization, high dispersibility in aqueous conditions, and promising biocompatibility. In this Review, the content is divided into four sections. The first section concentrates on C-dot structures, surface functionalization, and morphology. Following that, we summarize C-dot classifications and preparation methods such as arc discharge, laser ablation, electrochemical oxidation, and so on. The antimicrobial applications of C-dots as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents both in vivo and in vitro are discussed. Finally, we thoroughly examined the anticancer activity displayed by C-dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmin Hamaamin Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar 46021, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Yar Muhammed FaqiKhedr
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Ajmal R Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033, India
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Wang J, Fu Y, Gu Z, Pan H, Zhou P, Gan Q, Yuan Y, Liu C. Multifunctional Carbon Dots for Biomedical Applications: Diagnosis, Therapy, and Theranostic. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303773. [PMID: 37702145 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Designing suitable nanomaterials is an ideal strategy to enable early diagnosis and effective treatment of diseases. Carbon dots (CDs) are luminescent carbonaceous nanoparticles that have attracted considerable attention. Through facile synthesis, they process properties including tunable light emission, low toxicity, and light energy transformation, leading to diverse applications as optically functional materials in biomedical fields. Recently, their potentials have been further explored, such as enzyme-like activity and ability to promote osteogenic differentiation. Through refined synthesizing strategies carbon dots, a rich treasure trove for new discoveries, stand a chance to guide significant development in biomedical applications. In this review, the authors start with a brief introduction to CDs. By presenting mechanisms and examples, the authors focus on how they can be used in diagnosing and treating diseases, including bioimaging failure of tissues and cells, biosensing various pathogenic factors and biomarkers, tissue defect repair, anti-inflammation, antibacterial and antiviral, and novel oncology treatment. The introduction of the application of integrated diagnosis and treatment follows closely behind. Furthermore, the challenges and future directions of CDs are discussed. The authors hope this review will provide critical perspectives to inspire new discoveries on CDs and prompt their advances in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Zhangwu Road 100, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zhanghao Gu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hao Pan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Panyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qi Gan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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Fibriani A, Taharuddin AAP, Yamahoki N, Stephanie R, Laurelia J, Agustiyanti DF, Wisnuwardhani PH, Angelina M, Rubiyana Y, Ningrum RA, Wardiana A, Desriani D, Iskandar F, Permatasari FA, Giri-Rachman EA. Porphyrin-derived carbon dots for an enhanced antiviral activity targeting the CTD of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:93. [PMID: 37801271 PMCID: PMC10558421 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00548-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since effective antiviral drugs for COVID-19 are still limited in number, the exploration of compounds that have antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 is in high demand. Porphyrin is potentially developed as a COVID-19 antiviral drug. However, its low solubility in water restricts its clinical application. Reconstruction of porphyrin into carbon dots is expected to possess better solubility and bioavailability as well as lower biotoxicity. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of porphyrin and porphyrin-derived carbon dots against SARS-CoV-2. Through the in silico analysis and assessment using a novel drug screening platform, namely dimer-based screening system, we demonstrated the capability of the antivirus candidates in inhibiting the dimerization of the C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid. It was shown that porphyrin-derived carbon dots possessed lower cytotoxicity on Vero E6 cells than porphyrin. Furthermore, we also assessed their antiviral activity on the SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells. The transformation of porphyrin into carbon dots substantially augmented its performance in disrupting SARS-CoV-2 propagation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, this study comprehensively demonstrated the potential of porphyrin-derived carbon dots to be developed further as a promisingly safe and effective COVID-19 antiviral drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzania Fibriani
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
- Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
| | | | - Nicholas Yamahoki
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Rebecca Stephanie
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Jessica Laurelia
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Dian Fitria Agustiyanti
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Popi Hadi Wisnuwardhani
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Marissa Angelina
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Serpong, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Yana Rubiyana
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Ratih Asmana Ningrum
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Andri Wardiana
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Desriani Desriani
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Ferry Iskandar
- Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
- Collaboration Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency-Institut Teknologi, Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Fitri Aulia Permatasari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
- Collaboration Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency-Institut Teknologi, Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
- Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Serpong, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Ernawati Arifin Giri-Rachman
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
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Hindi SS, Sabir JSM, Dawoud UM, Ismail IM, Asiry KA, Mirdad ZM, Abo-Elyousr KA, Shiboob MH, Gabal MA, Albureikan MOI, Alanazi RA, Ibrahim OHM. Nanocellulose-Based Passivated-Carbon Quantum Dots (P-CQDs) for Antimicrobial Applications: A Practical Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2660. [PMID: 37376306 PMCID: PMC10305638 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Passivated-carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs) have been attracting great interest as an antimicrobial therapy tool due to their bright fluorescence, lack of toxicity, eco-friendly nature, simple synthetic schemes, and possession of photocatalytic functions comparable to those present in traditional nanometric semiconductors. Besides synthetic precursors, CQDs can be synthesized from a plethora of natural resources including microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). Converting MCC into NCC is performed chemically via the top-down route, while synthesizing CODs from NCC can be performed via the bottom-up route. Due to the good surface charge status with the NCC precursor, we focused in this review on synthesizing CQDs from nanocelluloses (MCC and NCC) since they could become a potential source for fabricating carbon quantum dots that are affected by pyrolysis temperature. There are several P-CQDs synthesized with a wide spectrum of featured properties, namely functionalized carbon quantum dots (F-CQDs) and passivated carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs). There are two different important P-CQDs, namely 2,2'-ethylenedioxy-bis-ethylamine (EDA-CQDs) and 3-ethoxypropylamine (EPA-CQDs), that have achieved desirable results in the antiviral therapy field. Since NoV is the most common dangerous cause of nonbacterial, acute gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, this review deals with NoV in detail. The surficial charge status (SCS) of the P-CQDs plays an important role in their interactions with NoVs. The EDA-CQDs were found to be more effective than EPA-CQDs in inhibiting the NoV binding. This difference may be attributed to their SCS as well as the virus surface. EDA-CQDs with surficial terminal amino (-NH2) groups are positively charged at physiological pH (-NH3+), whereas EPA-CQDs with surficial terminal methyl groups (-CH3) are not charged. Since the NoV particles are negatively charged, they are attracted to the positively charged EDA-CQDs, resulting in enhancing the P-CQDs concentration around the virus particles. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were found to be comparable to the P-CQDs in the non-specific binding with NoV capsid proteins, through complementary charges, π-π stacking, and/or hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif S. Hindi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia (R.A.A.); (O.H.M.I.)
| | - Jamal S. M. Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uthman M. Dawoud
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal M. Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A. Asiry
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia (R.A.A.); (O.H.M.I.)
| | - Zohair M. Mirdad
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia (R.A.A.); (O.H.M.I.)
| | - Kamal A. Abo-Elyousr
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia (R.A.A.); (O.H.M.I.)
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. Shiboob
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Gabal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Othman I. Albureikan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan A. Alanazi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia (R.A.A.); (O.H.M.I.)
| | - Omer H. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia (R.A.A.); (O.H.M.I.)
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La Ferla B, Vercelli B. Red-Emitting Carbon Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications: Synthesis and Purification Issues of the Hydrothermal Approach. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101635. [PMID: 37242053 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of performing the synthesis of red-emitting carbon quantum dots (r-CDs), in a well-controllable, large scale and environmentally sustainable way is undoubtedly of fundamental importance, as it will pave the way to their employment in advanced medical large-scale applications. Knowledge of the difficulties involved in producing r-CDs with reproducible optical, structural, and chemical characteristics, might help in their large-scale production, making the process standardizable. In this work, we present an experimental study, also supported by results reported in the literature, on the issues encountered during the synthesis and post-synthesis purification treatments of r-CDS. We focused on the hydrothermal approach as it was found to be more suitable for future large-scale industrial applications. We propose three synthetic strategies and observed that employing p-phenylenediamine (p-PDA), as a precursor, the synthetic process showed low efficiency with low yields of r-CDs, large amounts of unreacted precursor, and reaction intermediates. Changing reaction parameters does not improve performance. The r-CDs obtained using citric acid (CA) and urea, as precursors, resulted to be sensitive to pH and difficult to separate from the reaction mixture. Furthermore, the proposed synthetic strategies show that the hydrothermal preparation of r-CDS requires approaches that are not fully sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara La Ferla
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Vercelli
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia, CNR-ICMATE, Via Cozzi, 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
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Lee KK, Raja N, Yun HS, Lee SC, Lee CS. Multifunctional bone substitute using carbon dot and 3D printed calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite scaffolds for osteoclast inhibition and fluorescence imaging. Acta Biomater 2023; 159:382-393. [PMID: 36669550 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional bone substitute materials (BSM) have gained considerable attention with the exponential increase in aging populations. The development of hybrid materials for diagnosis and therapy of bone-related diseases and dysfunctions, especially, has been a significant challenge in the biological and the biomedical field, due to the shortage of agents with specificity and selectivity toward bone. In this study, a hybrid material, referred as Alen-CDs@CDHA, fabricated from alendronate-conjugated carbon dots (Alen-CDs) and calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA, the mineral component of bones) scaffolds is offered as a novel multifunctional BSM for in vivo osteoclasts deactivation and fluorescence imaging. The fluorescent Alen-CDs were hydrothermally prepared using phytic acid as carbon source, followed by conjugating alendronate, for controlled alendronate release and fluorescent imaging under acidic conditions. As-prepared fluorescent Alen-CDs were consecutively immobilized on surfaces of CDHA scaffolds, exhibiting high affinity by bisphosphonate group, easily fabricated from α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) paste using three-dimensional (3D) printing system. The resultant Alen-CDs@CDHA caused a significant decrease (> 50%) in viability of osteoclasts at 7 days after in vitro treatment. Furthermore, when Alen-CDs@CDHA was implanted in balb/c nude mice for in vivo evaluation, we found Alen-CDs@CDHA to be suitable for bone imaging through fluorescence signals, without necrosis or inflammatory symptoms in the epidermal tissues. Thus, these observations offer new opportunities for a novel and revolutionary use of Alen-CDs@CDHA as highly specific multifunctional BSM for bone diagnosis and imaging, and as bone-specific drug delivery materials, eventually providing anti-osteoclastogenic treatments solution for degenerative bone disorders. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Alen-CDs@CDHA significantly reduced the viability of osteoclasts and fluorescently imaged in vivo after transplantation, releasing drug via pH modulation. The development of fluorescence materials for bone imaging remains still a major challenge in the biomedical field owing to the shortage of selectivity and specificity. The results could lead to improvements in bone treatment strategies, as it could reduce the invasiveness of procedures and the associated negative outcomes, and increase the precision of strategies. Further, we believe that this study will be of interest to the readership of your journal as clearly focuses on the advancement of a biomaterial, where we have engineered a substance to substitute bone and integrate with a living system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Kwan Lee
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Naren Raja
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Ceramics Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Suk Yun
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials Research, Ceramics Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea; Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Cheon Lee
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Lee
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Ahmadi S, Ebrahimi Warkiani M, Rabiee M, Iravani S, Rabiee N. Carbon-based nanomaterials against SARS-CoV-2: Therapeutic and diagnostic applications. OPENNANO 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2023.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Hsieh CT, Gu S, Gandomi YA, Fu CC, Sung PY, Juang RS, Chen CC. Employing functionalized graphene quantum dots to combat coronavirus and enterovirus. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:1-10. [PMID: 36308803 PMCID: PMC9580242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 (i.e., coronavirus) pandemic continues to adversely affect the human life, economy, and the world's ecosystem. Although significant progress has been made in developing antiviral materials for the coronavirus, much more work is still needed. In this work, N-functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were designed and synthesized as the antiviral nanomaterial for Feline Coronavirus NTU156 (FCoV NTU156) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71)) with ultra-high inhibition (>99.9%). To prepare the GQD samples, a unique solid-phase microwave-assisted technique was developed and the cell toxicity was established on the H171 and H184 cell lines after 72 h incubation, indicating superior biocompatibility. The surface functionality of GQDs (i.e., the phenolic and amino groups) plays a vital role in interacting with the receptor-binding-domain of the spike protein. It was also found that the addition of polyethylene glycol is advantageous for the dispersion and the adsorption of functionalized GQDs onto the virus surface, leading to an enhanced virus inhibition. The functionality of as-prepared GQD nanomaterials was further confirmed where a functionalized GQD-coated glass was shown to be extremely effective in hindering the virus spread for a relatively long period (>20 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Te Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States.
| | - Siyong Gu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Yasser Ashraf Gandomi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Chun-Chieh Fu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Research and Development Division, Gold Carbon Co., Ltd., Taoyuan 320675, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Shin Juang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan.
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Biomass-derived carbon nanomaterials for sensor applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 222:115102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Meng D, Yang S, Yang Y, Zhang L, Cui L. Synergistic chemotherapy and phototherapy based on red blood cell biomimetic nanomaterials. J Control Release 2022; 352:146-162. [PMID: 36252749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Novel drug delivery systems (DDSs) have become the mainstay of research in targeted cancer therapy. By combining different therapeutic strategies, potential DDSs and synergistic treatment approaches are needed to effectively deal with evolving drug resistance and the adverse effects of cancer. Nowadays, developing and optimizing human cell-based DDSs has become a new research strategy. Among them, red blood cells can be used as DDSs as they significantly enhance the pharmacokinetics of the transported drug cargo. Phototherapy, as a novel adjuvant in cancer treatment, can be divided into photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy. Phototherapy using erythropoietic nanocarriers to mimic the unique properties of erythrocytes and overcome the limitations of existing DDSs shows excellent prospects in clinical settings. This review provides an overview of the development of photosensitizers and research on bio-nano-delivery systems based on erythrocytes and erythrocyte membranes that are used in achieving synergistic outcomes during phototherapy/chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Meng
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Shuoye Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Yanan Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lan Cui
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, PR China
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Kwee Y, Zhou Y, Fahmi MZ, Sharon M, Kristanti AN. Progress on Applying Carbon Dots for Inhibition of RNA Virus Infection. Nanotheranostics 2022; 6:436-450. [PMID: 36051856 PMCID: PMC9428922 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.73918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection is a globally leading health issue. Annually, new lethal RNA viruses unexpectedly emerged and mutated threatening health and safety. Meanwhile, it is urgent to explore novel antiviral agents, which, however, takes years to be clinically available. Nonetheless, the development of carbon dots (CDs) in the past 20 years has exhibited their vast application potentials and revealed their promising capacity as future antiviral agents considering their versatile properties and significant antiviral responses. Thus, CDs have been widely investigated as an alternative of traditional chemotherapy for inhibiting viral infection and replication in vitro. Meanwhile, attempts to apply CDs to in vivo systems are in high demand. In this review, recent developments of CDs-based antiviral therapies are systematically summarized. Furthermore, the role of CDs in photodynamic inactivation to kill viruses or bacteria is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaung Kwee
- Department of Chemistry, Pakokku University, Myaing Road, Pakokku 90401, Myanmar
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Mochamad Zakki Fahmi
- Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.,Supramodification Nano-micro Engineering Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Madhuri Sharon
- Research Director at Walchand Center for Research in Nanotechnology and Bionanotechnology, Walchand College of Arts and Science, W. H. Road, Ashok Chowk, Solapur 413006, India
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12
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Lee JE, Kim SA, Park HJ, Mun H, Ha KS, Shim WB. Colorimetric detection of norovirus by helicase-dependent amplification method based on specific primers integrated with HRPzyme. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6723-6733. [PMID: 35931785 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common causes of epidemic gastroenteritis, responsible for at least 50% of all gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide and significant causes of foodborne illness. In the USA, approximately 21 million illnesses attributable to NoVs have annually occurred. Therefore, there is a great demand to develop a rapid, low-cost, and accurate detection method for NoVs. This study first reported colorimetric helicase-dependent amplification (HDA) methods based on specific primers integrated with HRPzyme for the rapid and sensitive detection of NoV GI and GII. The colorimetric HDA methods exhibited a detection limit of 10 copies mL-1 of each NoV GI and GII and were confirmed to be specific to each NoV GI and GII. The period required to complete the HDA method was 2 h, including a step of RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis without expensive instruments such as a thermal cycler and detector. The cutoff value of the method for the oyster artificially inoculated with a known amount of NoV was all 102 copies g-1 for NoV GI and GII. Therefore, the HDA method developed in this study can be useful tool for the on-site detection of NoVs in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Lee
- Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Sol-A Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Park
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Hyoyoung Mun
- Apteasy MJ Inc., 333 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Technopark, Gwangju, 61008, Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Ha
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong, 53085, Korea
| | - Won-Bo Shim
- Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea. .,Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea. .,Department of Food Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea.
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13
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Goharshadi EK, Goharshadi K, Moghayedi M. The use of nanotechnology in the fight against viruses: A critical review. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Adcock AF, Wang P, Ferguson IS, Obu SC, Sun YP, Yang L. Inactivation of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus with Light-Activated Carbon Dots and Mechanistic Implications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3158-3166. [PMID: 35797334 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The prevention of viral transmission is an important step to address the spread of viral infections. Using the enveloped vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) as a model, this study explored the antiviral functions of the specifically designed and prepared carbon dots (CDots). The CDots were prepared using small carbon nanoparticles with surface functionalization-passivation by oligomeric polyethylenimine (PEI). The results indicated that the PEI-CDots were readily activated by visible light to effectively and efficiently inactivate VSVs under various combinations of experimental conditions (viral titer, dot concentration, and treatment time). The photodynamically induced viral structural protein degradation and genomic RNA degradation were observed, suggesting the mechanistic origins, leading to the inactivation of virus. The results suggested CDots as a class of promising broad-spectrum antiviral agents for disinfection of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey F Adcock
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Isaiah S Ferguson
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States
| | - Somtochukwu C Obu
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States
| | - Ya-Ping Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Liju Yang
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States
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15
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Sarkar J, Das S, Aich S, Bhattacharyya P, Acharya K. Antiviral potential of nanoparticles for the treatment of Coronavirus infections. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 72:126977. [PMID: 35397331 PMCID: PMC8957383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On 31st December 2019 in Wuhan, China, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was acknowledged. This virus spread quickly throughout the world causing a global pandemic. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic disease on 11th March 2020. Since then, the whole world has come together and have developed several vaccines against this deadly virus. Similarly, several alternative searches for pandemic disease therapeutics are still ongoing. One of them has been identified as nanotechnology. It has demonstrated significant promise for detecting and inhibiting a variety of viruses, including coronaviruses. Several nanoparticles, including gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon dots, graphene oxide nanoparticles, and zinc oxide nanoparticles, have previously demonstrated remarkable antiviral activity against a diverse array of viruses. OBJECTIVE This review aims to provide a basic and comprehensive overview of COVID-19's initial global outbreak and its mechanism of infiltration into human host cells, as well as the detailed mechanism and inhibitory effects of various nanoparticles against this virus. In addition to nanoparticles, this review focuses on the role of several antiviral drugs used against COVID-19 to date. CONCLUSION COVID-19 has severely disrupted the social and economic lives of people all over the world. Due to a lack of adequate medical facilities, countries have struggled to maintain control of the situation. Neither a drug nor a vaccine has a 100% efficacy rate. As a result, nanotechnology may be a better therapeutic alternative for this pandemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Sarkar
- Department of Botany, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Garia, Kolkata, West Bengal 700084, India
| | - Sunandana Das
- Department of Botany, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Garia, Kolkata, West Bengal 700084, India
| | - Sahasrabdi Aich
- Department of Botany, Vivekananda College, Thakurpukur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700063, India
| | - Prithu Bhattacharyya
- Department of Botany, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Garia, Kolkata, West Bengal 700084, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019, India; Center for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal 700098, India.
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16
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Rabiee N, Ahmadi S, Soufi GJ, Hekmatnia A, Khatami M, Fatahi Y, Iravani S, Varma RS. Quantum dots against SARS-CoV-2: diagnostic and therapeutic potentials. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (OXFORD, OXFORDSHIRE : 1986) 2022; 97:1640-1654. [PMID: 35463806 PMCID: PMC9015521 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The application of quantum dots (QDs) for detecting and treating various types of coronaviruses is very promising, as their low toxicity and high surface performance make them superior among other nanomaterials; in conjugation with fluorescent probes they are promising semiconductor nanomaterials for the detection of various cellular processes and viral infections. In view of the successful results for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2, functional QDs could serve eminent role in the growth of safe nanotherapy for the cure of viral infections in the near future; their large surface areas help bind numerous molecules post-synthetically. Functionalized QDs with high functionality, targeted selectivity, stability and less cytotoxicity can be employed for highly sensitive co-delivery and imaging/diagnosis. Besides, due to the importance of safety and toxicity issues, QDs prepared from plant sources (e.g. curcumin) are much more attractive, as they provide good biocompatibility and low toxicity. In this review, the recent developments pertaining to the diagnostic and inhibitory potentials of QDs against SARS-CoV-2 are deliberated including important challenges and future outlooks. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Rabiee
- Department of PhysicsSharif University of TechnologyTehranIran
- School of EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Ali Hekmatnia
- School of MedicineIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Mehrdad Khatami
- Non‐communicable Diseases Research CenterBam University of Medical SciencesBamIran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of PharmacyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of PharmacyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsCzech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University in OlomoucOlomoucCzech Republic
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17
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Wang B, Cai H, Waterhouse GIN, Qu X, Yang B, Lu S. Carbon Dots in Bioimaging, Biosensing and Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wang
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China
| | - Huijuan Cai
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China
| | | | - Xiaoli Qu
- Erythrocyte Biology Laboratory School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China
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18
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Design strategies for antiviral coatings and surfaces: A review ☆. APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:100224. [PMCID: PMC8865753 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsadv.2022.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The routine disinfection and sanitization of surfaces, objects, and textiles has become a time-consuming but necessary task for managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, the excessive use of sanitizers and disinfectants promotes the development of antibiotic-resistant microbes. Moreover, that improper disinfection could lead to more virus transfer, which leads to more viral mutations. Recently developed antiviral surface coatings can reduce the reliance on traditional disinfectants. These surfaces remain actively antimicrobial between periods of active cleaning of the surfaces, allowing a much more limited and optimized use of disinfectants. The novel nature of these surfaces has led, however, to many inconsistencies within the rapidly growing literature. Here we provide tools to guide the design and development of antimicrobial and antiviral surfaces and coatings. We describe how engineers can best choose testing options and propose new avenues for antiviral testing. After defining testing protocols, we summarize potential inorganic and organic materials able to serve as antiviral surfaces and present their antiviral mechanisms. We discuss the main limitations to their application, including issues related to toxicity, antimicrobial resistance, and environmental concerns. We propose solutions to counter these limitations and highlight how the context of specific use of an antiviral surface must guide material selection. Finally, we discuss how the use of coatings that combine multiple antimicrobial mechanisms can avoid the development of antibiotic resistance and improve the antiviral properties of these surfaces.
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19
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Abstract
Carbon "quantum" dots or carbon dots (CDots) exploit and enhance the intrinsic photoexcited state properties and processes of small carbon nanoparticles via effective nanoparticle surface passivation by chemical functionalization with organic species. The optical properties and photoinduced redox characteristics of CDots are competitive to those of established conventional semiconductor quantum dots and also fullerenes and other carbon nanomaterials. Highlighted here are major advances in the exploration of CDots for their serving as high-performance yet nontoxic fluorescence probes for one- and multi-photon bioimaging in vitro and in vivo, and for their uniquely potent antimicrobial function to inactivate effectively and efficiently some of the toughest bacterial pathogens and viruses under visible/natural or ambient light conditions. Opportunities and challenges in the further development of the CDots platform and related technologies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekai Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Liju Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Jesse L Quimby
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ya-Ping Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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20
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Mba IE, Nweze EI. Application of Nanotechnology in the Treatment of Infectious Diseases: An Overview. NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022:25-51. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-9190-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
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21
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Dong X, Overton CM, Tang Y, Darby JP, Sun YP, Yang L. Visible Light-Activated Carbon Dots for Inhibiting Biofilm Formation and Inactivating Biofilm-Associated Bacterial Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:786077. [PMID: 34869296 PMCID: PMC8637124 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.786077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to address the significant problems of bacterial biofilms found in medical fields and many industries. It explores the potential of classic photoactive carbon dots (CDots), with 2,2′-(ethylenedioxy)bis (ethylamine) (EDA) for dot surface functionalization (thus, EDA-CDots) for their inhibitory effect on B. subtilis biofilm formation and the inactivation of B. subtilis cells within established biofilm. The EDA-CDots were synthesized by chemical functionalization of selected small carbon nanoparticles with EDA molecules in amidation reactions. The inhibitory efficacy of CDots with visible light against biofilm formation was dependent significantly on the time point when CDots were added; the earlier the CDots were added, the better the inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation. The evaluation of antibacterial action of light-activated EDA-CDots against planktonic B. subtilis cells versus the cells in biofilm indicate that CDots are highly effective for inactivating planktonic cells but barely inactivate cells in established biofilms. However, when coupling with chelating agents (e.g., EDTA) to target the biofilm architecture by breaking or weakening the EPS protection, much enhanced photoinactivation of biofilm-associated cells by CDots was achieved. The study demonstrates the potential of CDots to prevent the initiation of biofilm formation and to inhibit biofilm growth at an early stage. Strategic combination treatment could enhance the effectiveness of photoinactivation by CDots to biofilm-associated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Yongan Tang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jasmine P Darby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ya-Ping Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Liju Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
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22
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Nasri N, Rusli A, Teramoto N, Jaafar M, Ku Ishak KM, Shafiq MD, Abdul Hamid ZA. Past and Current Progress in the Development of Antiviral/Antimicrobial Polymer Coating towards COVID-19 Prevention: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4234. [PMID: 34883737 PMCID: PMC8659939 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The astonishing outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, known as COVID-19, has attracted numerous research interests, particularly regarding fabricating antimicrobial surface coatings. This initiative is aimed at overcoming and minimizing viral and bacterial transmission to the human. When contaminated droplets from an infected individual land onto common surfaces, SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is able to survive on various surfaces for up to 9 days. Thus, the possibility of virus transmission increases after touching or being in contact with contaminated surfaces. Herein, we aim to provide overviews of various types of antiviral and antimicrobial coating agents, such as antimicrobial polymer-based coating, metal-based coating, functional nanomaterial, and nanocomposite-based coating. The action mode for each type of antimicrobial agent against pathogens is elaborated. In addition, surface properties of the designed antiviral and antimicrobial polymer coating with their influencing factors are discussed in this review. This paper also exhibits several techniques on surface modification to improve surface properties. Various developed research on the development of antiviral/antimicrobial polymer coating to curb the COVID-19 pandemic are also presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazihah Nasri
- School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (N.N.); (A.R.); (M.J.); (K.M.K.I.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Arjulizan Rusli
- School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (N.N.); (A.R.); (M.J.); (K.M.K.I.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Naozumi Teramoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino 275-0016, Chiba, Japan;
| | - Mariatti Jaafar
- School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (N.N.); (A.R.); (M.J.); (K.M.K.I.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Ku Marsilla Ku Ishak
- School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (N.N.); (A.R.); (M.J.); (K.M.K.I.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Mohamad Danial Shafiq
- School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (N.N.); (A.R.); (M.J.); (K.M.K.I.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid
- School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; (N.N.); (A.R.); (M.J.); (K.M.K.I.); (M.D.S.)
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23
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Belza J, Opletalová A, Poláková K. Carbon dots for virus detection and therapy. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:430. [PMID: 34822008 PMCID: PMC8613466 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent experience with the COVID-19 pandemic should be a lesson learnt with respect to the effort we have to invest in the development of new strategies for the treatment of viral diseases, along with their cheap, easy, sensitive, and selective detection. Since we live in a globalized world where just hours can play a crucial role in the spread of a virus, its detection must be as quick as possible. Thanks to their chemical stability, photostability, and superior biocompatibility, carbon dots are a kind of nanomaterial showing great potential in both the detection of various virus strains and a broad-spectrum antiviral therapy. The biosensing and antiviral properties of carbon dots can be tuned by the selection of synthesis precursors as well as by easy post-synthetic functionalization. In this review, we will first summarize current options of virus detection utilizing carbon dots by either electrochemical or optical biosensing approaches. Secondly, we will cover and share the up-to-date knowledge of carbon dots' antiviral properties, which showed promising activity against various types of viruses including SARS-CoV-2. The mechanisms of their antiviral actions will be further adressed as well. Finally, we will discuss the advantages and distadvantages of the use of carbon dots in the tangled battle against viral infections in order to provide valuable informations for further research and development of new virus biosensors and antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Belza
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ariana Opletalová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Poláková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Zhang C, Qin K, Zheng X, Luo Q, Zhang Q, Ji X, Wei Y. Synthesis of carbon dots with antiphage activity using caffeic acid. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:5165-5172. [PMID: 34677564 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01380g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on preservation properties in the field of materials science suggest that a newly synthesized material can retain the biological properties of the raw material. Still, further study is necessary since these features critically influence research at the intersection of materials science and biology, and could provide a unique research direction for the synthesis of new materials. Thus, caffeic acid (CA) is used as a raw material to synthesize novel carbon quantum dots (CA-CDs) using a simple and rapid hydrothermal method. CA-CDs exhibit antiphage and antibacterial activities. Using three types of phages as models, it is confirmed that CA-CDs inhibit phage proliferation. The viral titres decline by 4, 5, or 6 orders of magnitude, and CA-CDs display potential universal antiphage ability; the mechanism suggests that the CA-CDs could change the protein structure of these phages and impact the phage adsorption stage leading to loss of infectivity. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity is retained in CA-CDs, significantly inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive bacteria; this also reveals the preservation properties of CA-CDs. CA-CDs synthesized from CA, does not only expand the range of antiviral activity but also increases its many unique optical properties as a carbon dot material. This finding is meaningful in order to promote the development of new CDs with remarkable biological activity and acts as a basis for future scientific research on novel and alternative antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunting Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Kunhao Qin
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Xiaodan Zheng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Qian Luo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xiuling Ji
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yunlin Wei
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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25
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Umar Y, Al-Batty S, Rahman H, Ashwaq O, Sarief A, Sadique Z, Sreekumar PA, Haque SKM. Polymeric Materials as Potential Inhibitors Against SARS-CoV-2. JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 2021; 30:1244-1263. [PMID: 34518763 PMCID: PMC8426594 DOI: 10.1007/s10924-021-02272-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently discovered SARS-CoV-2 caused a pandemic that triggered researchers worldwide to focus their research on all aspects of this new peril to humanity. However, in the absence of specific therapeutic intervention, some preventive strategies and supportive treatment minimize the viral transmission as studied by some factors such as basic reproduction number, case fatality rate, and incubation period in the epidemiology of viral diseases. This review briefly discusses coronaviruses' life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 in a human host cell and preventive strategies at some selected source of infection. The antiviral activities of synthetic and natural polymers such as chitosan, hydrophobically modified chitosan, galactosylated chitosan, amine-based dendrimers, cyclodextrin, carrageenans, polyethyleneimine, nanoparticles are highlighted in this article. Mechanism of virus inhibition, detection and diagnosis are also presented. It also suggests that polymeric materials and nanoparticles can be effective as potential inhibitors and immunization against coronaviruses which would further develop new technologies in the field of polymer and nanoscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunusa Umar
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, 31961 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sirhan Al-Batty
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, 31961 Saudi Arabia
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of General Studies, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, 31961 Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Ashwaq
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, 31961 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulla Sarief
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, 31961 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakariya Sadique
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, 31961 Saudi Arabia
| | - P. A. Sreekumar
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, 31961 Saudi Arabia
| | - S. K. Manirul Haque
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, 31961 Saudi Arabia
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Ghaemi F, Amiri A, Bajuri MY, Yuhana NY, Ferrara M. Role of different types of nanomaterials against diagnosis, prevention and therapy of COVID-19. SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY 2021; 72:103046. [PMID: 34055576 PMCID: PMC8146202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In 2019, a novel type of coronavirus emerged in China called SARS-COV-2, known COVID-19, threatens global health and possesses negative impact on people's quality of life, leading to an urgent need for its diagnosis and remedy. On the other hand, the presence of hazardous infectious waste led to the increase of the risk of transmitting the virus by individuals and by hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, in this review, we survey previous researches on nanomaterials that can be effective for guiding strategies to deal with the current COVID-19 pandemic and also decrease the hazardous infectious waste in the environment. We highlight the contribution of nanomaterials that possess potential to therapy, prevention, detect targeted virus proteins and also can be useful for large population screening, for the development of environmental sensors and filters. Besides, we investigate the possibilities of employing the nanomaterials in antiviral research and treatment development, examining the role of nanomaterials in antiviral- drug design, including the importance of nanomaterials in drug delivery and vaccination, and for the production of medical equipment. Nanomaterials-based technologies not only contribute to the ongoing SARS- CoV-2 research efforts but can also provide platforms and tools for the understanding, protection, detection and treatment of future viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferial Ghaemi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amirhassan Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Mohd Yazid Bajuri
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia(UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Yuliana Yuhana
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Massimiliano Ferrara
- ICRIOS - The Invernizzi Centre for Research in Innovation, Organization, Strategy and Entrepreneurship, Bocconi University, Department of Management and Technology Via Sarfatti, 25 20136, Milano (MI), Italy
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Zare M, Thomas V, Ramakrishna S. Nanoscience and quantum science-led biocidal and antiviral strategies. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7328-7346. [PMID: 34378553 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02639e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the World Health Organization, this pandemic continues to be a serious threat to public health due to the worldwide spread of variants and their higher rate of transmissibility. A range of measures are necessary to slow the pandemic and save lives, which include constant evaluation and the careful adjustment of public-health responses augmented by medical treatments, vaccines and protective gear. It is hypothesized that nanostructured particulates underpinned by nanoscience and quantum science yield high-performing antiviral strategies, which can be applied in preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications such as face masks, respirators, COVID test kits, vaccines, and drugs. This review is aimed at providing comprehensive and cohesive perspectives on various nanostructures that are suited to intensifying and amplifying the effectiveness of antiviral strategies. Growing scientific literature over the past eighteen months indicates that quantum dots, iron oxide, silicon oxide, polymeric and metallic nanoparticles have been employed in COVID-19 diagnostic assays, vaccines, and personal protective equipment (PPE). Quantum dots have displayed their suitability as more sensitive imaging probes in diagnostics and prognostics, and as controlled drug-release carriers that target the virus. Nanoscience and quantum science have assisted the design of advanced vaccine delivery since nanostructured materials are suited for antigen delivery, as mimics of viral structures and as adjuvants. Furthermore, the quantum science- and nanoscience-supported tailored functionalization of nanostructured materials offers insight and pathways to deal with future pandemics. This review seeks to illustrate several examples, and to explain the underpinning quantum science and nanoscience phenomena, which include wave functions, electrostatic interactions, van der Waals forces, thermal and electrodynamic fluctuations, dispersion forces, local field-enhancement effects, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This review discusses how nanostructured materials are helpful in the detection, prevention, and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, other known viral infection diseases, and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Zare
- Center for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore.
| | - Vinoy Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore.
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Gharpure S, Ankamwar B. Use of nanotechnology in combating coronavirus. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:358. [PMID: 34221822 PMCID: PMC8238387 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent COVID-19 pandemic situation caused due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affected global health as well as economics. There is global attention on prevention, diagnosis as well as treatment of COVID-19 infection which would help in easing the current situation. The use of nanotechnology and nanomedicine has been considered to be promising due to its excellent potential in managing various medical issues such as viruses which is a major threat. Nanoparticles have shown great potential in various biomedical applications and can prove to be of great use in antiviral therapy, especially over other conventional antiviral agents. This review focusses on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and the progression of the COVID-19 disease followed by currently available treatments for the same. Use of nanotechnology has been elaborated by exploiting various nanoparticles like metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, quantum dots, polymeric nanoparticles as well as lipid-based nanoparticles along with its mechanism of action against viruses which can prove to be beneficial in COVID-19 therapeutics. However, it needs to be considered that use of these nanotechnology-based approaches in COVID-19 therapeutics only aids the human immunity in fighting the infection. The main function is performed by the immune system in combatting any infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saee Gharpure
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Balaprasad Ankamwar
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
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Serrano-Aroca Á, Takayama K, Tuñón-Molina A, Seyran M, Hassan SS, Pal Choudhury P, Uversky VN, Lundstrom K, Adadi P, Palù G, Aljabali AAA, Chauhan G, Kandimalla R, Tambuwala MM, Lal A, Abd El-Aziz TM, Sherchan S, Barh D, Redwan EM, Bazan NG, Mishra YK, Uhal BD, Brufsky A. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials: Promising Antiviral Agents to Combat COVID-19 in the Microbial-Resistant Era. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8069-8086. [PMID: 33826850 PMCID: PMC8043205 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic options for the highly pathogenic human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the current pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are urgently needed. COVID-19 is associated with viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome causing significant morbidity and mortality. The proposed treatments for COVID-19 have shown little or no effect in the clinic so far. Additionally, bacterial and fungal pathogens contribute to the SARS-CoV-2-mediated pneumonia disease complex. The antibiotic resistance in pneumonia treatment is increasing at an alarming rate. Therefore, carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs), such as fullerene, carbon dots, graphene, and their derivatives constitute a promising alternative due to their wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and capacity to induce tissue regeneration. Furthermore, the antimicrobial mode of action is mainly physical (e.g., membrane distortion), characterized by a low risk of antimicrobial resistance. In this Review, we evaluated the literature on the antiviral activity and broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties of CBNs. CBNs had antiviral activity against 13 enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. CBNs with low or no toxicity to humans are promising therapeutics against the COVID-19 pneumonia complex with other viruses, bacteria, and fungi, including those that are multidrug-resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de
Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad
Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia,
Spain
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application,
Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8397,
Japan
| | - Alberto Tuñón-Molina
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de
Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad
Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia,
Spain
| | - Murat Seyran
- Doctoral studies in natural and technical sciences (SPL
44), University of Vienna, Währinger Straße, A-1090
Vienna, Austria
| | - Sk. Sarif Hassan
- Department of Mathematics, Pingla Thana
Mahavidyalaya, Maligram, Paschim Medinipur 721140, West Bengal,
India
| | - Pabitra Pal Choudhury
- Applied Statistics Unit, Indian
Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, West Bengal,
India
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of
Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612,
United States
| | | | - Parise Adadi
- Department of Food Science, University of
Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Giorgio Palù
- Department of Molecular Medicine,
University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova,
Italy
| | - Alaa A. A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and
Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University-Faculty of
Pharmacy, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Gaurav Chauhan
- School of Engineering and Sciences,
Tecnológico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501
Sur, 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007,
India
- Department of Biochemistry,
Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal-506007, Telangana State,
India
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Science, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern
Ireland, U.K.
| | - Amos Lal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905,
United States
| | - Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science,
Minia University, El-Minia 61519,
Egypt
- Department of Cellular and Integrative
Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San
Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United
States
| | - Samendra Sherchan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences,
School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University of
Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United
States
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Institute of Integrative
Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur,
WB-721172, India
| | - Elrashdy M. Redwan
- Biological Sciences Department,
Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203,
Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Therapeutic and Protective Proteins
Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research
Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology
Applications, New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria 21934,
Egypt
| | - Nicolas G. Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence,
School of Medicine, LSU Heath New Orleans, New Orleans,
Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- University of Southern
Denmark, Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, Alsion 2, 6400 Sønderborg,
Denmark
| | - Bruce D. Uhal
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United
States
| | - Adam Brufsky
- University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of
Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232,
United States
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30
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Nanotechnology-based approaches for emerging and re-emerging viruses: Special emphasis on COVID-19. Microb Pathog 2021; 156:104908. [PMID: 33932543 PMCID: PMC8079947 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, the major concern of emerging and re-emerging viral diseases has become an increasingly important area of public health concern, and it is of significance to anticipate future pandemic that would inevitably threaten human lives. The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly emerged virus that causes mild to severe pneumonia. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) became a very much concerned issue worldwide after its super-spread across the globe and emerging viral diseases have not got specific and reliable diagnostic and treatments. As the COVID-19 pandemic brings about a massive life-loss across the globe, there is an unmet need to discover a promising and typically effective diagnosis and treatment to prevent super-spreading and mortality from being decreased or even eliminated. This study was carried out to overview nanotechnology-based diagnostic and treatment approaches for emerging and re-emerging viruses with the current treatment of the disease and shed light on nanotechnology's remarkable potential to provide more effective treatment and prevention to a special focus on recently emerged coronavirus.
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Derakhshan MA, Amani A, Faridi-Majidi R. State-of-the-Art of Nanodiagnostics and Nanotherapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14816-14843. [PMID: 33779135 PMCID: PMC8028022 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, with millions of infected patients worldwide, has severely challenged all aspects of public health. In this regard, early and rapid detection of infected cases and providing effective therapeutics against the virus are in urgent demand. Along with conventional clinical protocols, nanomaterial-based diagnostics and therapeutics hold a great potential against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Indeed, nanoparticles with their outstanding characteristics would render additional advantages to the current approaches for rapid and accurate diagnosis and also developing prophylactic vaccines or antiviral therapeutics. In this review, besides presenting an overview of the coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, we discuss the introduced nanomaterial-based detection assays and devices and also antiviral formulations and vaccines for coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Derakhshan
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and
Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nanomedicine
and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran
| | - Amir Amani
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Luo Q, Qin K, Liu F, Zheng X, Ding Y, Zhang C, Xu M, Liu X, Wei Y. Carbon dots derived from kanamycin sulfate with antibacterial activity and selectivity for Cr 6+ detection. Analyst 2021; 146:1965-1972. [PMID: 33496685 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02352c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Among antibacterial nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted much attention because of their unique physical and chemical properties and good biosafety. In this study, kanamycin sulfate (Kan), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, was used to synthesize novel carbon dots (CDs-Kan) by a one-step hydrothermal method. CDs-Kan showed good inhibitory effects on Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Further, scanning electron microscopy revealed that treatment with CDs-Kan and Kan resulted in the same phenomena. In particular, the morphologies of S. aureus cells treated with CDs-Kan and Kan became smaller and irregular, whereas the surfaces of E. coli cells protruded and formed vesicles. These results indicated that CDs-Kan was shown to retain the good antibacterial activity of Kan as well as its main bactericidal functional groups, namely, the amino sugar and amino cyclic alcohol, We refer to this phenomenon as the "preservation property". We also found that CDs-Kan has good biocompatibility and nontoxic properties. Moreover, CDs-Kan was successfully applied to the biological imaging of fungi and plant cells. In addition, CDs-Kan could be used as a fluorescent probe for the quick, sensitive, and selective detection of Cr6+. Therefore, CDs-Kan not only retained the good bacteriostatic properties of Kan but also expanded its application in bioimaging and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Luo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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33
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Noor N, Gani A, Gani A, Shah A, Ashraf ZU. Exploitation of polyphenols and proteins using nanoencapsulation for anti-viral and brain boosting properties - Evoking a synergistic strategy to combat COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:375-384. [PMID: 33716131 PMCID: PMC7946821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The world is currently under the threat of COVID pandemic and has focused every dimension of research in finding a cure to this novel disease. In this current situation, people are facing mental stress, agony, fear, depression and other associated symptoms which are taking a toll on their overall mental health. Nanoencapsulation of certain brain boosting polyphenols including quercetin, caffeine, cocoa flavanols and proteins like lectins can become new area of interest in the present scenario. Besides the brain boosting benefits, we have also highlighted the anti- viral activities of these compounds which we assume can play a possible role in combating COVID-19 given to their previous history of action against certain viruses. This review outlines the nanoencapsulation approaches of such synergistic compounds as a novel strategy to take the ongoing research a step ahead and also provides a new insight in bringing the role of nanotechnology in addressing the issues related to COVID pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairah Noor
- Laboratory of Functional Food and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Adil Gani
- Laboratory of Functional Food and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India; Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States.
| | - Asir Gani
- Laboratory of Functional Food and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Asima Shah
- Laboratory of Functional Food and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Zanoor Ul Ashraf
- Laboratory of Functional Food and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
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Enhancement of Antimicrobial Activity of Alginate Films with a Low Amount of Carbon Nanofibers (0.1% w/w). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization has called for new effective and affordable alternative antimicrobial materials for the prevention and treatment of microbial infections. In this regard, calcium alginate has previously been shown to possess antiviral activity against the enveloped double-stranded DNA herpes simplex virus type 1. However, non-enveloped viruses are more resistant to inactivation than enveloped ones. Thus, the viral inhibition capacity of calcium alginate and the effect of adding a low amount of carbon nanofibers (0.1% w/w) were explored here against a non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus model for the first time. The results of this study showed that neat calcium alginate films partly inactivated this type of non-enveloped virus and that including that extremely low percentage of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) significantly enhanced its antiviral activity. These calcium alginate/CNFs composite materials also showed antibacterial properties against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacterial model and no cytotoxic effects in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Since alginate-based materials have also shown antiviral activity against four types of enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses similar to SARS-CoV-2 in previous studies, these novel calcium alginate/carbon nanofibers composites are promising as broad-spectrum antimicrobial biomaterials for the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Shirvanimoghaddam K, Akbari MK, Yadav R, Al-Tamimi AK, Naebe M. Fight against COVID-19: The case of antiviral surfaces. APL MATERIALS 2021; 9:031112. [PMID: 33842101 PMCID: PMC8017599 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest global public health outbreak in the 21st century so far. Based on World Health Organization reports, the main source of SARS-CoV-2 infection is transmission of droplets released when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. Viral particles can remain in the air and on the surfaces for a long time. These droplets are too heavy to float in air and rapidly fall down onto the surfaces. To minimize the risk of the infection, entire surrounding environment should be disinfected or neutralized regularly. Development of the antiviral coating for the surface of objects that are frequently used by the public could be a practical route to prevent the spread of the viral particles and inactivation of the transmission of the viruses. In this short review, the design of the antiviral coating to combat the spread of different viruses has been discussed and the technological attempts for minimizing the coronavirus outbreak have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ram Yadav
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials,
Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adil K. Al-Tamimi
- Civil Engineering Department, American University
of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials,
Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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36
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Sousa HBA, Martins CSM, Prior JAV. You Don't Learn That in School: An Updated Practical Guide to Carbon Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:611. [PMID: 33804394 PMCID: PMC7998311 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have started to emerge as candidates for application in cell imaging, biosensing, and targeted drug delivery, amongst other research fields, due to their unique properties. Those applications are possible as the CQDs exhibit tunable fluorescence, biocompatibility, and a versatile surface. This review aims to summarize the recent development in the field of CQDs research, namely the latest synthesis progress concerning materials/methods, surface modifications, characterization methods, and purification techniques. Furthermore, this work will systematically explore the several applications CQDs have been subjected to, such as bioimaging, fluorescence sensing, and cancer/gene therapy. Finally, we will briefly discuss in the concluding section the present and future challenges, as well as future perspectives and views regarding the emerging paradigm that is the CQDs research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - João A. V. Prior
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (H.B.A.S.); (C.S.M.M.)
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37
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Saraf M, Tavakkoli Yaraki M, Prateek, Tan YN, Gupta RK. Insights and Perspectives Regarding Nanostructured Fluorescent Materials toward Tackling COVID-19 and Future Pandemics. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2021; 4:911-948. [PMID: 37556236 PMCID: PMC7885806 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.0c02945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has exposed the world's preparation to fight against unknown/unexplored infectious and life-threatening pathogens. The unavailability of vaccines, slow or sometimes unreliable real-time virus/bacteria detection techniques, insufficient personal protective equipment (PPE), and a shortage of ventilators and many other transportation equipments have further raised serious concerns. Material research has been playing a pivotal role in developing antimicrobial agents for water treatment and photodynamic therapy, fast and ultrasensitive biosensors for virus/biomarkers detection, as well as for relevant biomedical and environmental applications. It has been noticed that these research efforts nowadays primarily focus on the nanomaterials-based platforms owing to their simplicity, reliability, and feasibility. In particular, nanostructured fluorescent materials have shown key potential due to their fascinating optical and unique properties at the nanoscale to combat against a COVID-19 kind of pandemic. Keeping these points in mind, this review attempts to give a perspective on the four key fluorescent materials of different families, including carbon dots, metal nanoclusters, aggregation-induced-emission luminogens, and MXenes, which possess great potential for the development of ultrasensitive biosensors and infective antimicrobial agents to fight against various infections/diseases. Particular emphasis has been given to the biomedical and environmental applications that are linked directly or indirectly to the efforts in combating COVID-19 pandemics. This review also aims to raise the awareness of researchers and scientists across the world to utilize such powerful materials in tackling similar pandemics in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Saraf
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar
Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4,
117585, Singapore
- Research and Development Department,
Nanofy Technologies Pte. Ltd., 048580,
Singapore
| | - Prateek
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar
Pradesh, India
| | - Yen Nee Tan
- Faculty of Science, Agriculture & Engineering,
Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU,
U.K.
- Newcastle Research & Innovation Institute,
Devan Nair Institute for Employment & Employability, 80
Jurong East Street 21, 609607, Singapore
| | - Raju Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar
Pradesh, India
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar
Pradesh, India
- Department of Sustanable Energy Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar
Pradesh, India
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Sengupta J, Hussain CM. Carbon nanomaterials to combat virus: A perspective in view of COVID-19. CARBON TRENDS 2021; 2:100019. [PMID: 38620887 PMCID: PMC7834913 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2020.100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The rapid outbreaks of lethal viruses necessitate the development of novel antiviral substance. Besides the conventional antiviral substances, biocompatible nanomaterials also have significant potential in combating the virus at various stages of infection. Carbon nanomaterials have an impressive record against viruses and can deal with many crucial healthcare issues. In accordance with the published literature, biocompatible carbon nanomaterials have a promising prospect as an antiviral substance. Subsequently, the antiviral properties of different carbon nanomaterials namely fullerene, carbon nanotube, carbon dot and graphene oxide have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip Sengupta
- Department of Electronic Science Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College (Affiliated to University of Calcutta), Kolkata 700033, West Bengal, India
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Cohen EN, Kondiah PPD, Choonara YE, du Toit LC, Pillay V. Carbon Dots as Nanotherapeutics for Biomedical Application. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2207-2221. [PMID: 32238132 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200402102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots are zero-dimensional spherical allotropes of carbon and are less than 10nm in size (ranging from 2-8nm). Based on their biocompatibility, remarkable water solubility, eco- friendliness, conductivity, desirable optical properties and low toxicity, carbon dots have revolutionized the biomedical field. In addition, they have intrinsic photo-luminesce to facilitate bio-imaging, bio-sensing and theranostics. Carbon dots are also ideal for targeted drug delivery. Through functionalization of their surfaces for attachment of receptor-specific ligands, they ultimately result in improved drug efficacy and a decrease in side-effects. This feature may be ideal for effective chemo-, gene- and antibiotic-therapy. Carbon dots also comply with green chemistry principles with regard to their safe, rapid and eco-friendly synthesis. Carbon dots thus, have significantly enhanced drug delivery and exhibit much promise for future biomedical applications. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the various applications of carbon dots in biomedical fields. In doing so, this review highlights the synthesis, surface functionalization and applicability of biodegradable polymers for the synthesis of carbon dots. It further highlights a myriad of biodegradable, biocompatible and cost-effective polymers that can be utilized for the fabrication of carbon dots. The limitations of these polymers are illustrated as well. Additionally, this review discusses the application of carbon dots in theranostics, chemo-sensing and targeted drug delivery systems. This review also serves to discuss the various properties of carbon dots which allow chemotherapy and gene therapy to be safer and more target-specific, resulting in the reduction of side effects experienced by patients and also the overall increase in patient compliance and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eemaan N Cohen
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Pierre P D Kondiah
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Lisa C du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
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Kotta S, Aldawsari HM, Badr-Eldin SM, Alhakamy NA, Md S, Nair AB, Deb PK. Exploring the Potential of Carbon Dots to Combat COVID-19. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:616575. [PMID: 33425995 PMCID: PMC7793735 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.616575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral diseases are considered as a global burden. The eradication of viral diseases is always a challenging task in medical research due to the high infectivity and mutation capability of the virus. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is still not under control even after several months of the first reported case and global spread. Neither a specific drug nor a vaccine is available for public use yet. In the pursuit of a promising strategy, carbon dots could be considered as potential nanostructure against this viral pandemic. This review explores the possibility of carbon nano-dots to combat COVID-19 based on some reported studies. Carbon dots are photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles, smaller than 10 nm in dimension with a very attractive photostable and biocompatible properties which can be surfaced modified or functionalized. These photoluminescent tiny particles have captured much attention owing to their functionalization property and biocompatibility. In response to this pandemic outbreak, this review attempts to summarize the potential use of carbon dots in antiviral therapy with particular emphasis on their probable role in the battlefront against COVID-19 including their possible biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabna Kotta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hibah Mubarak Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
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Nano-based approaches in the development of antiviral agents and vaccines. Life Sci 2020; 265:118761. [PMID: 33189824 PMCID: PMC7658595 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Outbreaks and the rapid transmission of viruses, such as coronaviruses and influenza viruses, are serious threats to human health. A major challenge in combating infectious diseases caused by viruses is the lack of effective methods for prevention and treatment. Nanotechnology has provided a basis for the development of novel antiviral strategies. Owing to their large modifiable surfaces that can be functionalized with multiple molecules to realize sophisticated designs, nanomaterials have been developed as nanodrugs, nanocarriers, and nano-based vaccines to effectively induce sufficient immunologic memory. From this perspective, we introduce various nanomaterials with diverse antiviral mechanisms and summarize how nano-based antiviral agents protect against viral infection at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels. We summarize the applications of nanomaterials for defense against emerging viruses by trapping and inactivating viruses and inhibiting viral entry and replication. We also discuss recent progress in nano-based vaccines with a focus on the mechanisms by which nanomaterials contribute to immunogenicity. We further describe how nanotechnology may improve vaccine efficacy by delivering large amounts of antigens to target immune cells and enhancing the immune response by mimicking viral structures and activating dendritic cells. Finally, we provide an overview of future prospects for nano-based antiviral agents and vaccines.
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Manivannan S, Ponnuchamy K. Quantum dots as a promising agent to combat COVID-19. Appl Organomet Chem 2020; 34:e5887. [PMID: 32836625 PMCID: PMC7361141 DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Approximately every 100 years, as witnessed in the last two centuries, we are facing an influenza pandemic, necessitating the need to combat a novel virus strain. As a result of the new coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 [SARS-CoV-2] outbreak in January 2020, many clinical studies are being carried out with the aim of combating or eradicating the disease altogether. However, so far, developing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) detection kits or vaccines has remained elusive. In this regard, the development of antiviral nanomaterials by surface engineering with enhanced specificity might prove valuable to combat this novel virus. Quantum dots (QDs) are multifaceted agents with the ability to fight against/inhibit the activity of COVID-19 virus. This article exclusively discusses the potential role of QDs as biosensors and antiviral agents for attenuation of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvambigai Manivannan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics (CMIAD)The University of SheffieldWestern BankSheffieldS10 2TNUK
| | - Kumar Ponnuchamy
- Food Chemistry and Molecular Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Animal Health and ManagementAlagappa UniversityKaraikudiIndia630003India
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Dong X, Edmondson R, Yang F, Tang Y, Wang P, Sun YP, Yang L. Carbon dots for effective photodynamic inactivation of virus. RSC Adv 2020; 10:33944-33954. [PMID: 35519058 PMCID: PMC9056736 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The antiviral function of carbon dots (CDots) with visible light exposure was evaluated, for which the model bacteriophages MS2 as a surrogate of small RNA viruses were used. The results show clearly that the visible light-activated CDots are highly effective in diminishing the infectivity of MS2 in both low and high titer samples to the host E. coli cells, and the antiviral effects are dot concentration- and treatment time-dependent. The action of CDots apparently causes no significant damage to the structural integrity and morphology of the MS2 phage or the breakdown of the capsid proteins, but does result in the protein carbonylation (a commonly used indicator for protein oxidation) and the degradation of viral genomic RNA. Mechanistically the results may be understood in the framework of photodynamic effects that are associated with the unique excited state properties and processes of CDots. Opportunities for potentially broad applications of CDots coupled with visible/natural light in the prevention and control of viral transmission and spread are highlighted and discussed. The antiviral function of carbon dots (CDots) with visible light exposure was evaluated, for which the model bacteriophages MS2 as a surrogate of small RNA viruses were used.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University Durham NC 27707 USA +1-919-530-6705 +1-919-530-6704
| | | | - Fan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology, Clemson University Clemson SC 29634 USA +1-864-656-5026
| | - Yongan Tang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North Carolina Central University Durham NC 27707 USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology, Clemson University Clemson SC 29634 USA +1-864-656-5026
| | - Ya-Ping Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology, Clemson University Clemson SC 29634 USA +1-864-656-5026
| | - Liju Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University Durham NC 27707 USA +1-919-530-6705 +1-919-530-6704
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Reina G, Peng S, Jacquemin L, Andrade AF, Bianco A. Hard Nanomaterials in Time of Viral Pandemics. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9364-9388. [PMID: 32667191 PMCID: PMC7376974 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-Cov-2 pandemic has spread worldwide during 2020, setting up an uncertain start of this decade. The measures to contain infection taken by many governments have been extremely severe by imposing home lockdown and industrial production shutdown, making this the biggest crisis since the second world war. Additionally, the continuous colonization of wild natural lands may touch unknown virus reservoirs, causing the spread of epidemics. Apart from SARS-Cov-2, the recent history has seen the spread of several viral pandemics such as H2N2 and H3N3 flu, HIV, and SARS, while MERS and Ebola viruses are considered still in a prepandemic phase. Hard nanomaterials (HNMs) have been recently used as antimicrobial agents, potentially being next-generation drugs to fight viral infections. HNMs can block infection at early (disinfection, entrance inhibition) and middle (inside the host cells) stages and are also able to mitigate the immune response. This review is focused on the application of HNMs as antiviral agents. In particular, mechanisms of actions, biological outputs, and limitations for each HNM will be systematically presented and analyzed from a material chemistry point-of-view. The antiviral activity will be discussed in the context of the different pandemic viruses. We acknowledge that HNM antiviral research is still at its early stage, however, we believe that this field will rapidly blossom in the next period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Reina
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572,
University of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg,
France
| | - Shiyuan Peng
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572,
University of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg,
France
| | - Lucas Jacquemin
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572,
University of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg,
France
| | - Andrés Felipe Andrade
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572,
University of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg,
France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572,
University of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000 Strasbourg,
France
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Choi Y, Do JT, Park C, Hong K, Kim JH, Song H. Antiviral Potential of Nanoparticles-Can Nanoparticles Fight Against Coronaviruses? NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1645. [PMID: 32825737 PMCID: PMC7557932 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases account for more than 20% of global mortality and viruses are responsible for about one-third of these deaths. Highly infectious viral diseases such as severe acute respiratory (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are emerging more frequently and their worldwide spread poses a serious threat to human health and the global economy. The current COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of 27 July 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 16 million people and led to the death of more than 652,434 individuals as on 27 July 2020 while also causing significant economic losses. To date, there are no vaccines or specific antiviral drugs to prevent or treat COVID-19. Hence, it is necessary to accelerate the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines to help mitigate this pandemic. Non-Conventional antiviral agents must also be considered and exploited. In this regard, nanoparticles can be used as antiviral agents for the treatment of various viral infections. The use of nanoparticles provides an interesting opportunity for the development of novel antiviral therapies with a low probability of developing drug resistance compared to conventional chemical-based antiviral therapies. In this review, we first discuss viral mechanisms of entry into host cells and then we detail the major and important types of nanomaterials that could be used as antiviral agents. These nanomaterials include silver, gold, quantum dots, organic nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers and polymers. Further, we consider antiviral mechanisms, the effects of nanoparticles on coronaviruses and therapeutic approaches of nanoparticles. Finally, we provide our perspective on the future of nanoparticles in the fight against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Center of Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jeong Tae Do
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
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Liang L, Ahamed A, Ge L, Fu X, Lisak G. Advances in Antiviral Material Development. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2105-2128. [PMID: 32881384 PMCID: PMC7461489 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The rise in human pandemics demands prudent approaches in antiviral material development for disease prevention and treatment via effective protective equipment and therapeutic strategy. However, the current state of the antiviral materials research is predominantly aligned towards drug development and its related areas, catering to the field of pharmaceutical technology. This review distinguishes the research advances in terms of innovative materials exhibiting antiviral activities that take advantage of fast-developing nanotechnology and biopolymer technology. Essential concepts of antiviral principles and underlying mechanisms are illustrated, followed with detailed descriptions of novel antiviral materials including inorganic nanomaterials, organic nanomaterials and biopolymers. The biomedical applications of the antiviral materials are also elaborated based on the specific categorization. Challenges and future prospects are discussed to facilitate the research and development of protective solutions and curative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liang
- School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave, N1 01a–29Singapore639798Singapore
- Interdisciplinary Graduate ProgramNanyang Technological University1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech OneSingapore637141Singapore
- Residues and Resource Reclamation CentreNanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech OneSingapore637141Singapore
| | - Ashiq Ahamed
- Residues and Resource Reclamation CentreNanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech OneSingapore637141Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and EngineeringJohan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre Åbo Akademi UniversityFI-20500Turku/ÅboFinland
| | - Liya Ge
- Residues and Resource Reclamation CentreNanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech OneSingapore637141Singapore
| | - Xiaoxu Fu
- School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave, N1 01a–29Singapore639798Singapore
- Residues and Resource Reclamation CentreNanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech OneSingapore637141Singapore
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave, N1 01a–29Singapore639798Singapore
- Residues and Resource Reclamation CentreNanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech OneSingapore637141Singapore
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Aziz SB, Brza MA, Nofal MM, Abdulwahid RT, Hussen SA, Hussein AM, Karim WO. A Comprehensive Review on Optical Properties of Polymer Electrolytes and Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3675. [PMID: 32825367 PMCID: PMC7503865 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polymer electrolytes and composites have prevailed in the high performance and mobile marketplace during recent years. Polymer-based solid electrolytes possess the benefits of low flammability, excellent flexibility, good thermal stability, as well as higher safety. Several researchers have paid attention to the optical properties of polymer electrolytes and their composites. In the present review paper, first, the characteristics, fundamentals, advantages and principles of various types of polymer electrolytes were discussed. Afterward, the characteristics and performance of various polymer hosts on the basis of specific essential and newly published works were described. New developments in various approaches to investigate the optical properties of polymer electrolytes were emphasized. The last part of the review devoted to the optical band gap study using two methods: Tauc's model and optical dielectric loss parameter. Based on recently published literature sufficient quantum mechanical backgrounds were provided to support the applicability of the optical dielectric loss parameter for the band gap study. In this review paper, it was demonstrated that both Tauc's model and optical dielectric loss should be studied to specify the type of electron transition and estimate the optical band gap accurately. Other parameters such as absorption coefficient, refractive index and optical dielectric constant were also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
| | - M. A. Brza
- Manufacturing and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Gombak 53100, Malaysia;
| | - Muaffaq M. Nofal
- Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rebar T. Abdulwahid
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
- Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Old Campus, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Sarkawt A. Hussen
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Ahang M. Hussein
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Wrya O. Karim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq;
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Alizadeh F, Khodavandi A. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Nanoscale Materials Against Coronaviruses—Possible Potential Antiviral Agents for SARS-CoV-2. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2020; 19:485-497. [DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2020.2997257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Tong T, Hu H, Zhou J, Deng S, Zhang X, Tang W, Fang L, Xiao S, Liang J. Glycyrrhizic-Acid-Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906206. [PMID: 32077621 PMCID: PMC7169479 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
With the gradual usage of carbon dots (CDs) in the area of antiviral research, attempts have been stepped up to develop new antiviral CDs with high biocompatibility and antiviral effects. In this study, a kind of highly biocompatible CDs (Gly-CDs) is synthesized from active ingredient (glycyrrhizic acid) of Chinese herbal medicine by a hydrothermal method. Using the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) as a model, it is found that the Gly-CDs inhibit PRRSV proliferation by up to 5 orders of viral titers. Detailed investigations reveal that Gly-CDs can inhibit PRRSV invasion and replication, stimulate antiviral innate immune responses, and inhibit the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by PRRSV infection. Proteomics analysis demonstrates that Gly-CDs can stimulate cells to regulate the expression of some host restriction factors, including DDX53 and NOS3, which are directly related to PRRSV proliferation. Moreover, it is found that Gly-CDs also remarkably suppress the propagation of other viruses, such as pseudorabies virus (PRV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), suggesting the broad antiviral activity of Gly-CDs. The integrated results demonstrate that Gly-CDs possess extraordinary antiviral activity with multisite inhibition mechanisms, providing a promising candidate for alternative therapy for PRRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tong
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Hu
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Junwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineKey Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei ProvinceThe Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig ProductionHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Shuangfei Deng
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Wantao Tang
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Liurong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineKey Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei ProvinceThe Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig ProductionHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineKey Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei ProvinceThe Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig ProductionHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Jiangong Liang
- College of Resource and EnvironmentCollege of ScienceState Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070P. R. China
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Dong X, Liang W, Meziani MJ, Sun YP, Yang L. Carbon Dots as Potent Antimicrobial Agents. Theranostics 2020; 10:671-686. [PMID: 31903144 PMCID: PMC6929978 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDots) have emerged to represent a highly promising new platform for visible/natural light-activated microbicidal agents. In this article, the syntheses, structures, and properties of CDots are highlighted, representative studies on their activities against bacteria, fungi, and viruses reviewed, and the related mechanistic insights discussed. Also highlighted and discussed are the excellent opportunities for potentially extremely broad applications of this new platform, including theranostics uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Weixiong Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - Mohammed J. Meziani
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
- Department of Natural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, Missouri 64468, USA
| | - Ya-Ping Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Emerging Materials and Technology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - Liju Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
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