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Wang KS, Kuan TY, Chen YC, Chu YJ, Chen JS, Chen CC, Liu TY. Simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein by using flexible electrochemical and Raman enhancing biochip. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 249:116021. [PMID: 38219466 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Flexible laser-scribed graphene (LSG) substrates with gold nanoislands have been developed as biochips for in situ electrochemical (EC) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biodetection (biomolecules and viral proteins). A flexible biochip was fabricated using CO2 laser engraving polyimide (PI) films to form a 3D porous graphene-like nanostructure. Gold nanoislands were deposited on the LSG substrates to enhance the intensity of the Raman signals. Moreover, the addition of auxiliary and reference electrodes induced a dual-function EC-SERS biochip with significantly enhanced detection sensitivity. The biochip could selectively and easily capture SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein through the SARS-CoV-2 S1 antibody immobilized on EC-SERS substrates using 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). The grafted antibody specifically bound to SARS-CoV-2, resulting in a significant increase in the SERS signal of the target analyte. The limit of detection (LOD) of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein was 5 and 100 ng/mL by using EC and SERS detection, respectively. Although the LOD of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein detected using SERS is only 100 ng/mL, it can provide fingerprint information for identification. To improve the LOD, EC detection was integrated with SERS detection. The three-electrode detection chip enables the simultaneous detection of SERS and EC signals, which provides complementary information for target identification. The dual-functional detection technology demonstrated in this study has great potential for biomedical applications, such as the rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Syun Wang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yu Kuan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chu Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shiung Chen
- Yottadeft Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., Taipei, 10460, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, 23742, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Yu Liu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan; College of Engineering & Center for Sustainability and Energy Technologies, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Yang MC, Chien TY, Cheng YW, Hsieh CK, Syu WL, Wang KS, Chen YC, Chen JS, Chen CC, Liu TY. Reproducible SERS substrates manipulated by interparticle spacing and particle diameter of gold nano-island array using in-situ thermal evaporation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 303:123190. [PMID: 37499474 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Gold (Au) nano-island arrays were deposited on the glass substrate to fabricate surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates by in-situ thermal evaporation (deposited and annealed samples at the same time). The optimal SERS intensity deposited by various thicknesses and in-situ annealing temperatures of Au nano-island arrays would be investigated. The biomolecules (adenine) were dropped on the well-designed SERS substrate for precise and quantitative SERS detection. The characterization of Au nano-island arrays SERS substrate would be evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the optimal deposition thickness and annealing temperature of Au nano-island arrays SERS substrate is about 14 nm and 200 °C respectively, which can construct the smallest interparticle spacing (W)/ particle diameter (D) ratio and the lowest reflection (%) and transmittance (%) to form the strongest SERS intensity. Moreover, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation of the electromagnetic field distributions on Au nano-island arrays displays the similar trend with the experimental results. The 14 nm deposition with 200 °C in-situ annealing temperature would display the highest density of hot-spots by FDTD simulation. The reproducible Au nano-island arrays SERS substrates with tunable surface roughness, W/D ratio, and lower reflection and transmittance show promising potential for SERS detection of biomolecules, bacteria, and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chien Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yin Chien
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan; Biochemical Technology R&D Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Kuo Hsieh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Syu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Syun Wang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chu Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shiung Chen
- Yottadeft Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., Taipei 10460, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Yu Liu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan; Biochemical Technology R&D Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan.
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Sun CP, Chiu CW, Wu PY, Tsung SI, Lee IJ, Hu CW, Hsu MF, Kuo TJ, Lan YH, Chen LY, Ng HY, Chung MJ, Liao HN, Tseng SC, Lo CH, Chen YJ, Liao CC, Chang CS, Liang JJ, Draczkowski P, Puri S, Chang YC, Huang JS, Chen CC, Kau JH, Chen YH, Liu WC, Wu HC, Danny Hsu ST, Wang IH, Tao MH. Development of AAV-delivered broadly neutralizing anti-human ACE2 antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3322-3336. [PMID: 37689971 PMCID: PMC10638075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), resulting in the emergence of new variants that are resistant to existing vaccines and therapeutic antibodies, has raised the need for novel strategies to combat the persistent global COVID-19 epidemic. In this study, a monoclonal anti-human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) antibody, ch2H2, was isolated and humanized to block the viral receptor-binding domain (RBD) binding to hACE2, the major entry receptor of SARS-CoV-2. This antibody targets the RBD-binding site on the N terminus of hACE2 and has a high binding affinity to outcompete the RBD. In vitro, ch2H2 antibody showed potent inhibitory activity against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the most antigenically drifted and immune-evading variant Omicron. In vivo, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery enabled a sustained expression of monoclonal antibody (mAb) ch2H2, generating a high concentration of antibodies in mice. A single administration of AAV-delivered mAb ch2H2 significantly reduced viral RNA load and infectious virions and mitigated pulmonary pathological changes in mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 subvariant. Collectively, the results suggest that AAV-delivered hACE2-blocking antibody provides a promising approach for developing broad-spectrum antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other hACE2-dependent pathogens that may emerge in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Pu Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Chiu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yi Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-I Tsung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Jung Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Hu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Feng Hsu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jiun Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hua Lan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yao Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yee Ng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jhe Chung
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ni Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Che Tseng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Lo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Jiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shin Chang
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Jong Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Sarita Puri
- Department of Bioscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Yuan-Chih Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Siou Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Hwa Kau
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hui Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Liu
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Te Danny Hsu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - I-Hsuan Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Mi-Hua Tao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hsu CJ, Chen CH, Chen WT, Liu PC, Chang TY, Lin MH, Chen CC, Chen HY, Huang CH, Cheng YH, Sun JR. Development of an EBOV MiniG plus system as an advanced tool for anti-Ebola virus drug screening. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22138. [PMID: 38045158 PMCID: PMC10692823 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of zoonotic diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 and Ebola virus disease, is increasing worldwide. However, drug and vaccine development for zoonotic diseases has been hampered because the experiments involving live viruses are limited to high-containment laboratories. The Ebola virus minigenome system enables researchers to study the Ebola virus under BSL-2 conditions. Here, we found that the addition of the nucleocapsid protein of human coronaviruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, can increase the ratio of green fluorescent protein-positive cells by 1.5-2 folds in the Ebola virus minigenome system. Further analysis showed that the nucleocapsid protein acts as an activator of the Ebola virus minigenome system. Here, we developed an EBOV MiniG Plus system based on the Ebola virus minigenome system by adding the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. By evaluating the antiviral effect of remdesivir and rupintrivir, we demonstrated that compared to that of the traditional Ebola virus minigenome system, significant concentration-dependent activity was observed in the EBOV MiniG Plus system. Taken together, these results demonstrate the utility of adding nucleocapsid protein to the Ebola virus minigenome system to create a powerful platform for screening antiviral drugs against the Ebola virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ju Hsu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsiu Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ting Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
| | - Tein-Yao Chang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan
| | - Meng-He Lin
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Techniques, Taipei City Hospital Ren-Ai Branch, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Heng Huang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsiang Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ren Sun
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan
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Marshall DC, Shim A, Chen CC, Lin H, Yu F, Argiriadi P, Choi IJ, Chhabra AM, Simone CB. A Dosimetric Assessment of Sexual Organ Sparing Proton Radiotherapy in Female Pelvic Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e695. [PMID: 37786040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Optimizing treatment techniques for female patients undergoing curative treatment for pelvic cancers requires incorporating the goals of maximizing cure while maintaining quality of life. Optimizing treatment to maintain sexual quality of life has received little attention in female patients despite the presence of and toxicity risks to functional anatomic organs and their associated neurovasculature, including the bulboclitoris, vagina, and ovaries. Recent dosimetric data without employing sexual organ sparing suggest that mean VMAT dose to the bulboclitoris in low rectal cancer is around 3300 cGy, and in anal cancer, mean dose is around 2000 cGy to the external genitalia and 4500-5000 cGy to the bulboclitoris, all of which would be expected to result in clinically significant toxicity. Therefore, investigation of the avoidance of these important organs is needed and we hypothesize that proton techniques may achieve greater sparing than photon techniques. MATERIALS/METHODS In this study, we dosimetrically compare proton- vs. photon-based techniques in sparing functional sexual organs. The cohort consisted of four consecutive female pelvic cancer cases that had received 5000 cGy or greater. All cases were re-planned with VMAT and protons while optimizing dose to functional sexual organs and maintaining target coverage. Sexual organ structures assessed include the genitalia, vagina, ovaries, bulboclitoris and internal pudendal arteries. Given the small number of patients included in this demonstration study, statistical tests were not performed. RESULTS MRI was required to appropriately delineate soft tissue. In all cases, dosimetric sparing of sexual organs was improved with proton therapy without compromising target coverage. Mean doses were marginally decreased for structures within the PTV, while structures such as the bulboclitoris were spared substantially. Mean dose to the external genitalia was low with sparing using both VMAT (Median [IQR] (cGy): 852 [811, 1090]) and Proton techniques (Median [IQR] (cGy): 39.4 [11.9, 78.5]). Similarly, mean dose with sparing to the external genitalia was lower than would be expected without sparing, using both VMAT and Proton techniques (Median (IQR) Dmean (cGy) VMAT 3100 [2890, 3580] vs. Proton 1530 [1100, 2090]), with protons demonstrating greater sparing. In one case of a sacral chordoma, ovaries were substantially spared to below ablative thresholds (Dmean (cGy) VMAT 3598.8 and 3548.0 vs Proton 34.1 and 103.3). CONCLUSION Magnetic resonance imaging at simulation combined with proton radiotherapy for female sexual organ sparing may provide a technically feasible route to more equitable sexual outcomes for female patients. These results will guide future studies to optimize proton treatment techniques for female sexual organ sparing for future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Marshall
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - A Shim
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY
| | - C C Chen
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY
| | - H Lin
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY
| | - F Yu
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY
| | - P Argiriadi
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Radiology, New York, NY
| | - I J Choi
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A M Chhabra
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY; Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - C B Simone
- New York Proton Center, New York, NY; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Hsieh CT, Gu S, Gandomi YA, Fu CC, Sung PY, Juang RS, Chen CC. Employing functionalized graphene quantum dots to combat coronavirus and enterovirus. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:1-10. [PMID: 36308803 PMCID: PMC9580242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 (i.e., coronavirus) pandemic continues to adversely affect the human life, economy, and the world's ecosystem. Although significant progress has been made in developing antiviral materials for the coronavirus, much more work is still needed. In this work, N-functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were designed and synthesized as the antiviral nanomaterial for Feline Coronavirus NTU156 (FCoV NTU156) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71)) with ultra-high inhibition (>99.9%). To prepare the GQD samples, a unique solid-phase microwave-assisted technique was developed and the cell toxicity was established on the H171 and H184 cell lines after 72 h incubation, indicating superior biocompatibility. The surface functionality of GQDs (i.e., the phenolic and amino groups) plays a vital role in interacting with the receptor-binding-domain of the spike protein. It was also found that the addition of polyethylene glycol is advantageous for the dispersion and the adsorption of functionalized GQDs onto the virus surface, leading to an enhanced virus inhibition. The functionality of as-prepared GQD nanomaterials was further confirmed where a functionalized GQD-coated glass was shown to be extremely effective in hindering the virus spread for a relatively long period (>20 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Te Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States.
| | - Siyong Gu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Yasser Ashraf Gandomi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Chun-Chieh Fu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Research and Development Division, Gold Carbon Co., Ltd., Taoyuan 320675, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Shin Juang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and minimally invasive surgery are two important development directions of modern surgery in the 21st century. They provide new clinical treatment methods and theoretical basis for the rapid recovery of surgical patients and more rational utilization of medical resources. They are two hot topics in clinical research and academic exchange of surgery-related subjects, and promote the rapid development and clinical application of surgery. ERAS covers a range of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative optimization measures, of which minimally invasive surgery is an important part of intraoperative optimization. The quality of surgery, especially minimally invasive surgery, plays a key role in postoperative recovery, which is the most important one of all ERAS measures. With good surgical quality and no postoperative complications, patients will recover quickly. Therefore, minimally invasive surgery plays a central role in the ERAS concept. The combination of ERAS with minimally invasive surgery is not only safe and feasible, but is also better than these two clinical therapies alone for postoperative recovery, and improves short-term and long-term outcome and accelerates the recovery of patients. For surgical diseases treated with minimally invasive surgery as far as possible, using the ERAS management for patients will result in reduced traumatic stress, better surgical tolerance, less postoperative pain, smaller incision, earlier ambulation, better organ function, and less morbidity of complications. In short, ERAS and minimally invasive surgery complement and promote each other. As two outstanding achievements of modern medicine, they are clinical treatments that provide sufficient theoretical basis for rapid recovery of patients and open a new chapter for the development of modern surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Lin HT, Chen CC, Chiao DJ, Chang TY, Chen XA, Young JJ, Kuo SC. Nanoparticular CpG-adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein elicits broadly neutralizing and Th1-biased immunoreactivity in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1885-1897. [PMID: 34774590 PMCID: PMC8580573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The spike (S) protein is a leading vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The S1 domain of S protein, which contains a critical receptor-binding domain (RBD) antigen, potentially induces protective immunoreactivities against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we presented preclinical evaluations of a novel insect cell-derived SARS-CoV-2 recombinant S1 (rS1) protein as a potent COVID-19 vaccine candidate. The native antigenicity of rS1 was characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody targeting the RBD antigen. To improve its immunogenicity, rS1-adjuvanted with fucoidan/trimethylchitosan nanoparticles (FUC-TMC NPs) and cytosine-phosphate-guanosine-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODNs) were investigated using a mouse model. The S1-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers, FluoroSpot assay, pseudovirus- and prototype SARS-CoV-2-based neutralization assays were assessed. The results showed that the rS1/CpG/ FUC-TMC NPs (rS1/CpG/NPs) formulation induced a broad-spectrum IgG response with potent, long-lasting, and cross-protective neutralizing activity against the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern, along with a Th1-biased cellular response. Thus, the rS1/CpG/NPs formulation presents a promising vaccination approach against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Tsu Lin
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC,Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Der-Jiang Chiao
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tein-Yao Chang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Xin-An Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jenn-Jong Young
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC,Corresponding authors at: Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, PO Box 90048-700, Sanhsia District, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Szu-Cheng Kuo
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC,Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC,Corresponding authors at: Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, PO Box 90048-700, Sanhsia District, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
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Chen CC, Chen YY, Yeh CC, Hsu CW, Yu SJ, Hsu CH, Wei TC, Ho SN, Tsai PC, Song YD, Yen HJ, Chen XA, Young JJ, Chuang CC, Dou HY. Alginate-Capped Silver Nanoparticles as a Potent Anti-mycobacterial Agent Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:746496. [PMID: 34899300 PMCID: PMC8660078 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.746496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Although progress has been made in TB control, still about 10 million people worldwide develop TB annually and 1.5 million die of the disease. The rapid emergence of aggressive, drug-resistant strains and latent infections have caused TB to remain a global health challenge. TB treatments are lengthy and their side effects lead to poor patient compliance, which in turn has contributed to the drug resistance and exacerbated the TB epidemic. The relatively low output of newly approved antibiotics has spurred research interest toward alternative antibacterial molecules such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In the present study, we use the natural biopolymer alginate to serve as a stabilizer and/or reductant to green synthesize AgNPs, which improves their biocompatibility and avoids the use of toxic chemicals. The average size of the alginate-capped AgNPs (ALG-AgNPs) was characterized as nanoscale, and the particles were round in shape. Drug susceptibility tests showed that these ALG-AgNPs are effective against both drug-resistant Mtb strains and dormant Mtb. A bacterial cell-wall permeability assay showed that the anti-mycobacterial action of ALG-AgNPs is mediated through an increase in cell-wall permeability. Notably, the anti-mycobacterial potential of ALG-AgNPs was effective in both zebrafish and mouse TB animal models in vivo. These results suggest that ALG-AgNPs could provide a new therapeutic option to overcome the difficulties of current TB treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ching Yeh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Hsu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Jie Yu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Hsu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chun Wei
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Ni Ho
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chu Tsai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Deng Song
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Yen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xin-An Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Jong Young
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chung Chuang
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yunn Dou
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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10
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Hu HY, Cheng FS, Yen YF, Lin SY, Weng SH, Chou YC, Chu DC, Chen CC. Mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national survey in Taiwan. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The use of masks is an effective measure to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection; however, mask reuse is not recommended. Studies examining the factors associated with mask reuse during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic are limited. This nationwide survey aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with mask reuse among Taiwanese citizens during the pandemic.
Methods
From May 18 through May 31, 2020, a computer-assisted telephone interview system was used to randomly select Taiwanese citizens who were interviewed for COVID-19 preventive behaviors and knowledge on the usage of masks. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyze the rate of mask reuse among participants before and during the pandemic.
Results
For a total of 1,075 participants, the overall mean age was 57.4 years, and 82.2% of participants reported mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. After controlling for other covariates, participants who had a greater knowledge on mask usage or had a high supply of masks were less likely to reuse masks during the pandemic. GEE analysis showed that compared with the participants' mask wearing behaviors before the COVID-19 pandemic, they were more likely to reuse masks during the pandemic.
Conclusions
The rate of mask reuse among the general population during the pandemic was significantly higher than that before the pandemic. Individuals were less likely to reuse masks if they had adequate knowledge on mask usage or had a high supply of masks. Since mask reuse is associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 due to the possibility of wearing SAS-CoV-2-contaminated masks, it is imperative to educate people on the correct usage of masks. Further, the government should provide sufficient masks to the general population to decrease the reuse of masks.
Key messages
Mask reuse increased during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the shortage in supply. It is imperative to educate people about the correct usage of masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- HY Hu
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - FS Cheng
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - YF Yen
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - SY Lin
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - SH Weng
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - YC Chou
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - DC Chu
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - CC Chen
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Yang YS, Jeng WY, Lee YT, Hsu CJ, Chou YC, Kuo SC, Chen CC, Hsu WJ, The Action Study Group, Chen HY, Sun JR. Ser253Leu substitution in PmrB contributes to colistin resistance in clinical Acinetobacter nosocomialis. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:1873-1880. [PMID: 34468294 PMCID: PMC8451652 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1976080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter nosocomialis have become a challenging problem. The frequent use of colistin as the last resort drug for XDR bacteria has led to the emergence of colistin-resistant A. nosocomialis (ColRAN) in hospitals. The mechanism of colistin resistance in A. nosocomialis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying colistin resistance in clinical ColRAN isolates. We collected 36 A. nosocomialis isolates from clinical blood cultures, including 24 ColRAN and 12 colistin-susceptible A. nosocomialis (ColSAN). The 24 ColRAN isolates clustered with ST1272 (13), ST433 (eight), ST1275 (two), and ST410 (one) by multilocus sequence typing. There was a positive relationship between pmrCAB operon expression and colistin resistance. Further analysis showed that colistin resistance was related to an amino acid substitution, Ser253Leu in PmrB. By introducing a series of recombinant PmrB constructs into a PmrB knockout strain and protein structural model analyses, we demonstrated that the association between Ser253Leu and Leu244 in PmrB was coupled with colistin resistance in ColRAN. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that the key amino acid Ser253Leu in PmrB is associated with overexpression of the pmrCAB operon and hence colistin resistance. This study provides insight into the mechanism of colistin resistance in A. nosocomialis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Sung Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yih Jeng
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzu Lee
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ju Hsu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Kuo
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defence Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jane Hsu
- Department of Medical Techniques, Taipei City Hospital Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsing-Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Techniques, Taipei City Hospital Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ren Sun
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Guo JD, Hlavacek P, Poretta T, Wygant G, Lane D, Gorritz M, Wang X, Chen CC, Wade RL, Pan X, Rajpura J, Stwalley B, Rosenblatt L. Inpatient and outpatient treatment patterns of cancer-associated thrombosis in the United States. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 50:386-394. [PMID: 31955338 PMCID: PMC7366581 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-019-02032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are among the recommended treatment options for cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) in the 2019 National Comprehensive Care Network guidelines. Little is known about the current utilization of DOACs in CAT patients, particularly on the inpatient to outpatient therapy transition. This study assessed real-world treatment patterns of CAT in hospital/ED in adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with CAT during a hospital visit in IQVIA's Hospital Charge Data Master database between July 1, 2015 and April 30, 2018, and followed their outpatient medical and pharmacy claims to evaluate the initial inpatient/ED and outpatient anticoagulants received within 3 months post-discharge. Results showed that LMWH and unfractionated heparin (UFH) were the most common initial inpatient/ED CAT treatments (35.2% and 27.4%, respectively), followed by DOACs (9.6%); 20.8% of patients received no anticoagulants. Most DOAC patients remained on DOACs from inpatient/ED to outpatient settings (71.4%), while 24.1%, 43.5%, and 0.1% of patients treated with LMWH, warfarin, or UFH respectively, remained on the same therapy after discharge. In addition, DOACs were the most common initial post-discharge outpatient therapy. Outpatient treatment persistence and adherence appeared higher in patients using DOACs or warfarin versus LMWH or UFH. This study shows that DOACs are used as an inpatient/ED treatment option for CAT, and are associated with less post-discharge treatment switching and higher persistence and adherence. Further research generating real-world evidence on the role of DOACs to help inform the complex CAT clinical treatment decisions is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Guo
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA.
| | | | - T Poretta
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - G Wygant
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - D Lane
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - M Gorritz
- IQVIA Inc, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA
| | - X Wang
- IQVIA Inc, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA
| | - C C Chen
- IQVIA Inc, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA
| | - R L Wade
- IQVIA Inc, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA
| | - X Pan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - J Rajpura
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - B Stwalley
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - L Rosenblatt
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA
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13
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Liu PY, Chen CC, Chin CY, Liu TJ, Tsai WC, Chou JL, Huang CY, Chen YG, Chen YC. E3 ubiquitin ligase Grail promotes hepatic steatosis through Sirt1 inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:323. [PMID: 33771967 PMCID: PMC7997893 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In obese adults, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is accompanied by multiple metabolic dysfunctions. Although upregulated hepatic fatty acid synthesis has been identified as a crucial mediator of NAFLD development, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we reported upregulated expression of gene related to anergy in lymphocytes (GRAIL) in the livers of humans and mice with hepatic steatosis. Grail ablation markedly alleviated the high-fat diet-induced hepatic fat accumulation and expression of genes related to the lipid metabolism, in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, overexpression of GRAIL exacerbated lipid accumulation and enhanced the expression of lipid metabolic genes in mice and liver cells. Our results demonstrated that Grail regulated the lipid accumulation in hepatic steatosis via interaction with sirtuin 1. Thus, Grail poses as a significant molecular regulator in the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yao Liu
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Chin
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Te-Jung Liu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taoyuan Armed Force General Hospital, Taoyuan, 114, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chiuan Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Liang Chou
- Instrument Center, Department of Research and Development, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Yu Huang
- Instrument Center, Department of Research and Development, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Guang Chen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.,Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ying-Chuan Chen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan. .,Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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14
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Tsai MH, Chuang CC, Chen CC, Yen HJ, Cheng KM, Chen XA, Shyu HF, Lee CY, Young JJ, Kau JH. Nanoparticles assembled from fucoidan and trimethylchitosan as anthrax vaccine adjuvant: In vitro and in vivo efficacy in comparison to CpG. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 236:116041. [PMID: 32172855 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan/trimethylchitosan nanoparticles (FUC-TMC-NPs) have the potential to improve the immunostimulating efficiency of anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA). FUC-TMC-NPs with positive (+) or negative (-) surface charges were prepared via polyelectrolyte complexation, both charged NP types permitted high viability and presented no cytotoxicity on L929, A549 and JAWS II dendritic cells. Flow cytometry measurements indicated lower (+)-FUC-TMC-NPs internalization levels than (-)-FUC-TMC-NPs, yet produced high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL12p40, and IL-4. Moreover, fluorescence microscope images proved that both charged NP could deliver drugs into the nucleus. In vivo studies on A/J mice showed that (+)-FUC-TMC-NPs carrying AVA triggered an efficient response with a higher IgG anti-PA antibody titer than AVA with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, and yielded 100 % protection when challenged with the anthracis spores. Furthermore, PA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a analysis confirmed that (+)-FUC-TMC-NPs strongly stimulated humoral immunity. In conclusion, (+)-FUC-TMC-NP is promising anthrax vaccine adjuvant as an alternative to CpG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hung Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chuan-Chang Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Ju Yen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuang-Ming Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Xin-An Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huey-Fen Shyu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Ying Lee
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jenn-Jong Young
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jyh-Hwa Kau
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC.
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15
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Wang SH, Chen CC, Lee CH, Chen XA, Chang TY, Cheng YC, Young JJ, Lu JJ. Fungicidal and anti-biofilm activities of trimethylchitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles against Candida species in zebrafish embryos. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 143:724-731. [PMID: 31734360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, positively surface-charged silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) capped with trimethylchitosan nitrate (TMCN) were synthesized using an environmentally friendly method. Nano-sized TMCN-AgNPs (~80 nm) with high zeta potential (>30 mV) provide sufficient static repulsion to stabilize colloid AgNPs in aqueous solutions without aggregation for >3 months. In in vitro cell cycle assays, TMCN-AgNPs showed low cytotoxicity towards L929 cells. A microdilution inhibition assay demonstrated the antifungal potential of TMCN-AgNPs, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.06 mM against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750, and 0.46 mM against both Candida albicans ATCC 76615 and Candida glabrata ATCC 15545. Moreover, the addition of TMCN-AgNPs at 0.23 mM significantly reduced biofilm formation in 96-well plates with C. albicans and C. tropicalis. Importantly, when zebrafish eggs were infected with Candida cells, 0.23 mM TMCN-AgNPs greatly diminished the amount of biofilm on eggs and rescued the survival of embryos by up to 70%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hung Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hua Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Xin-An Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tein-Yao Chang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chuan Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Jong Young
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Jang-Jih Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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16
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Chuang CC, Tsai MH, Yen HJ, Shyu HF, Cheng KM, Chen XA, Chen CC, Young JJ, Kau JH. A fucoidan-quaternary chitosan nanoparticle adjuvant for anthrax vaccine as an alternative to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 229:115403. [PMID: 31826481 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We examined the efficacy of fucoidan-N-(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propylchitosan nanoparticles (FUC-HTCC NPs) as adjuvants for anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA). Positively and negatively surface-charged FUC-HTCC NPs were prepared via polyelectrolyte complexation by varying the mass ratio of FUC and HTCC. When cultured with L929 cells or JAWS II dendritic cells, both charged NPs showed high cell viability and low cytotoxicity, observed via MTT assay and lactate dehydrogenase release assay, respectively. In addition, we have monitored excellent NPs uptake efficacy by dendritic cells and observed that combining FUC-HTCC NPs with AVA significantly increases the magnitude of IgG-anti-protective antigen titers in A/J mice compared to that by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides plus AVA or AVA alone, and PA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a analysis confirmed that FUC-HTCC NPs strongly stimulated humoral immunity. Furthermore, FUC-HTCC NPs plus AVA provided a superior survival rate (100%) of A/J mice compared to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides plus AVA (75%) or AVA alone (50%) following anthrax lethal toxin challenge. The findings support FUC-HTCC NPs as a potential adjuvant of AVA for rapid induction of protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Chang Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Hung Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Ju Yen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huey-Fen Shyu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuang-Ming Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Xin-An Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jenn-Jong Young
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jyh-Hwa Kau
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC.
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17
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Juang RS, Wang KS, Cheng YW, Fu CC, Chen WT, Liu CM, Chien CC, Jeng RJ, Chen CC, Liu TY. Floating SERS substrates of silver nanoparticles-graphene based nanosheets for rapid detection of biomolecules and clinical uremic toxins. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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18
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Jiang LL, Chen CC, Yang K. Lessons learned from an unusual condition of incidental synchronous multiple hernias of indirect inguinal hernia, femoral hernia, and incarcerated obturator hernia. Niger J Clin Pract 2019; 22:281-284. [PMID: 30729956 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_200_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hernias are one of the most common diseases. The frequency of multiple hernias is much higher than the frequency reported during herniorrhaphy. Multiple hernias may account for some of the so-called recurrences, in which the small hernia may be veiled by the bigger one and omitted. In this study, we present a case of an 83-year-old female who suffered from multiple hernias namely a left-sided indirect inguinal hernia, a right-sided femoral hernia, and a right-sided incarcerated obturator hernia. Additionally, the characteristics and treatment of obturator hernia were discussed. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) are capable of accurately diagnosing groin hernia. Preoperative bilateral ultrasound of examinations or abdominopelvic CT should be recommended to perform routinely for patients with suspected hernias to avoid ignoring the concurrent hernias. A careful exploration of the operative field in the operation is mandatory. The CT is also helpful for early diagnosis of obturator hernia. In addition, the intra-abdominal approach through a low midline incision might be a preference for the treatment of obturator hernia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - C C Chen
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - K Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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19
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Chen Q, Chen CC, Bai J. Pathological Changes of Petechial Hemorrhage after High Temperature Treatment. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 34:631-634. [PMID: 30896101 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the main features of mechanical asphyxia--the pathological characteristics of petechial hemorrhage after high temperature effect (roasted, boiled) and its changing rules. METHODS Rabbit model of mechanical asphyxia death with choking neck and death from anteposition hanging was established. The experimental rabbits were randomly divided into roasted group and boiled group (n=4, in each group). The laryngeal ventricles and cardiopulmonary tissues in the roasted group were roasted for 3, 6 and 10 min, and the positions of petechial hemorrhage were observed and photographed. The same organs and tissues in the boiled group were heated in boiling water (100 ℃), and were observed and photographed at 30 and 60 s. Then histopathological examination was performed on all the laryngeal ventricles and cardiopulmonary tissues. RESULTS The petechial hemorrhage originating from laryngeal ventricle, trachea and lung did not disappear after high temperature treatment in the eight rabbits. The deepened color was visible to naked eyes and distinct from the surrounding normal tissues, with bleeding under the microscope. CONCLUSIONS Petechial hemorrhage caused by mechanical asphyxia would not disappear under high temperature, which might be related to the manner of death, the intensity and time of action, and the individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Chen
- Forensic Judicial Appraisal Center of Beijing Public Security Bureau, Beijing 100192, China
| | - C C Chen
- Forensic Judicial Appraisal Center of Beijing Public Security Bureau, Beijing 100192, China
| | - J Bai
- Forensic Judicial Appraisal Center of Beijing Public Security Bureau, Beijing 100192, China
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Liu CC, Chiao DJ, Wey JJ, Lin WZ, Tang SS, Tsui PY, Shyu RH, Kau JH, Huang CH, Li CW, Chen CC. A monoclonal enzyme-linked immunoassay for the detection of botulinum neurotoxin type E. J Med Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_203_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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21
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Gorham PW, Rotter B, Allison P, Banerjee O, Batten L, Beatty JJ, Bechtol K, Belov K, Besson DZ, Binns WR, Bugaev V, Cao P, Chen CC, Chen CH, Chen P, Clem JM, Connolly A, Cremonesi L, Dailey B, Deaconu C, Dowkontt PF, Fox BD, Gordon JWH, Hast C, Hill B, Hughes K, Huang JJ, Hupe R, Israel MH, Javaid A, Lam J, Liewer KM, Lin SY, Liu TC, Ludwig A, Macchiarulo L, Matsuno S, Miki C, Mulrey K, Nam J, Naudet CJ, Nichol RJ, Novikov A, Oberla E, Olmedo M, Prechelt R, Prohira S, Rauch BF, Roberts JM, Romero-Wolf A, Russell JW, Saltzberg D, Seckel D, Schoorlemmer H, Shiao J, Stafford S, Stockham J, Stockham M, Strutt B, Varner GS, Vieregg AG, Wang SH, Wissel SA. Observation of an Unusual Upward-Going Cosmic-Ray-like Event in the Third Flight of ANITA. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:161102. [PMID: 30387639 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.161102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on an upward traveling, radio-detected cosmic-ray-like impulsive event with characteristics closely matching an extensive air shower. This event, observed in the third flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA), a NASA-sponsored long-duration balloon payload, is consistent with a similar event reported in a previous flight. These events could be produced by the atmospheric decay of an upward-propagating τ lepton produced by a ν_{τ} interaction, although their relatively steep arrival angles create tension with the standard model neutrino cross section. Each of the two events have a posteriori background estimates of ≲10^{-2} events. If these are generated by τ-lepton decay, then either the charged-current ν_{τ} cross section is suppressed at EeV energies, or the events arise at moments when the peak flux of a transient neutrino source was much larger than the typical expected cosmogenic background neutrinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Gorham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - B Rotter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - P Allison
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - O Banerjee
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - L Batten
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - K Bechtol
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - K Belov
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russian Federation
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - V Bugaev
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - P Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - C C Chen
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - C H Chen
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - P Chen
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - J M Clem
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - A Connolly
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - L Cremonesi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - B Dailey
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C Deaconu
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - P F Dowkontt
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - B D Fox
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J W H Gordon
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Hill
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Hughes
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J J Huang
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - R Hupe
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - A Javaid
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Lam
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K M Liewer
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - T C Liu
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - A Ludwig
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - L Macchiarulo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S Matsuno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Miki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Mulrey
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Nam
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - C J Naudet
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - R J Nichol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A Novikov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russian Federation
| | - E Oberla
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Olmedo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - R Prechelt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S Prohira
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - J M Roberts
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Romero-Wolf
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - J W Russell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - D Saltzberg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - D Seckel
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - H Schoorlemmer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Shiao
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - S Stafford
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Stockham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - M Stockham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - B Strutt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G S Varner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A G Vieregg
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - S H Wang
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - S A Wissel
- Physics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA
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Wu VC, Chen SW, Wu M, Liu CH, Chang CW, Chen CC, Wu KP, Chang SH, Lin MS, Lee TH, Hsieh IC, Chu PH, Lin YS. P5138Resuming anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation experiencing hemorrhage stroke or nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V C Wu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - S W Chen
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - M Wu
- Brown University, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Providence, United States of America
| | - C H Liu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Neurology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - C W Chang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Neurology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - C C Chen
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - K P Wu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - S H Chang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - M S Lin
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Chiayi, Taiwan ROC
| | - T H Lee
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Neurology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - I C Hsieh
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - P H Chu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan ROC
| | - Y S Lin
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Chiayi, Taiwan ROC
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Bao C, Wang XC, Hu XL, Hou DN, Chen CC, Song YL, Yang D. [Clinical manifestations analysis of patients diagnosed with primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1419-1423. [PMID: 29804405 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.18.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical features of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Methods: A total of 14 cases diagnosed with primary pulmonary MALT lymphoma were collected from May 2007 to May 2017 in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. The clinical features, pathological characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All 14 cases were pathologically diagnosed with primary pulmonary MALT lymphoma. The biopsy tissues were obtained through the Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) (4 cases), percutaneous puncture (2 cases), and bronchoscopy (8 cases). Cell types of these tumors were centrocyte-like cells (10 cases), lymphocytoid cells (2 cases), and monocytoid B cells (2 cases). The B cell clonality was detected by IgH cloning test in 4 cases and 3 of them were demonstrated with monoclonal strips. MALT1 breakup gene was positive in 3 out of 6 examined cases using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). As for the treatment, 8 patients underwent chemotherapy, 5 patients underwent surgical resection and 1 patient abandoned treatment. Twelve patients were followed up to 9 years. The tumor recurrence occurred in 2 patients and resulted their death. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of primary pulmonary MALT lymphoma are lack of specificity. The pathology, immunohistochemistry, IgH cloning test and MALT1 breakup gene tested by FISH are the criteria for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bao
- Respiratory Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Lin Q, Ge XM, Mo JC, Li SS, Chen CC, Chen SY. [An investigation of psychological state at different stages of occupational AIDS exposure and related influencing factors in Nanning, China]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 34:762-764. [PMID: 28043249 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the changes in psychological state after occupational exposure in the AIDS occupational exposure population and related influencing factors, and to provide baseline data and a basis for related departments to conduct mental health prevention and intervention for personnel with occupational AIDS exposure. Methods: AIDS risk assessment was performed for all personnel with occupational AIDS exposure in 2014 in Nanning, China, and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) psychological scale was used for psychological state evaluation at 24 hours, 1 week, and 3 months after occupational exposure in all persons who met the research criteria. Results: Most of the persons with occupational AIDS exposure came from secondary and tertiary hospitals (85%) , and nurses accounted for the highest percentage (78.3% ). The age ranged from 21 to 50 years, and the mean age was 31.02 ± 7.92 years. The persons with occupational AIDS exposure aged 20~29 years accounted for the highest percentage (51.6%) , and most persons (76.7%) graduated from junior colleges. Compared with the adult norm, there was significant increases in the total psychological score and the number of positive items after occupational exposure (P<0.05). The scores of all items at 24 hours were significantly higher than those at the other time points, and the scores of all items gradually decreased over time (F=227.24, 267.57, and 287.46, P<0.05). Compared with the adult norm, there were significant increases in the factor points at 24 hours and significant reductions in the factor points at 3 months (P<0.05). Compared with those at 24 hours, the factor scores at 3 months decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Occupational AIDS exposure affects the mental status of related personnel, and the mental status at 24 hours after exposure is poor. Related departments should provide corresponding psychological counseling for the occupational exposure population at different exposure times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Lin
- Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530023, China
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Berglund JA, Gafni RI, Wodajo F, Cowen EW, El-Maouche D, Chang R, Chen CC, Guthrie LC, Molinolo AA, Collins MT. Tumor-induced osteomalacia in association with PTEN-negative Cowden syndrome. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:993-997. [PMID: 29380000 PMCID: PMC7983154 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic condition in which phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs) secrete high levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) into the circulation. This results in renal phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, muscle weakness, bone pain, and pathological fractures. Recent studies suggest that fibronectin-fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FN1-FGFR1) translocations may be a driver of tumorigenesis. We present a patient with TIO who also exhibited clinical findings suggestive of Cowden syndrome (CS), a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by numerous benign hamartomas, as well as an increased risk for multiple malignancies, such as thyroid cancer. While CS is a clinical diagnosis, most, but not all, harbor a mutation in the tumor suppressor gene PTEN. Genetic testing revealed a somatic FN1-FGFR1 translocation in the FGF23-producing tumor causing TIO; however, a germline PTEN mutation was not identified. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of concurrent TIO and CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Berglund
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R I Gafni
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - F Wodajo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Virginia Cancer Specialists, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - E W Cowen
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D El-Maouche
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Chang
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Hatfield Clinical Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C C Chen
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Hatfield Clinical Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - L C Guthrie
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A A Molinolo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - M T Collins
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Fanchiang YT, Chen KHM, Tseng CC, Chen CC, Cheng CK, Yang SR, Wu CN, Lee SF, Hong M, Kwo J. Strongly exchange-coupled and surface-state-modulated magnetization dynamics in Bi 2Se 3/yttrium iron garnet heterostructures. Nat Commun 2018; 9:223. [PMID: 29335558 PMCID: PMC5768741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Harnessing the spin–momentum locking of topological surface states in conjunction with magnetic materials is the first step to realize novel topological insulator-based devices. Here, we report strong interfacial coupling in Bi2Se3/yttrium iron garnet (YIG) bilayers manifested as large interfacial in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) and enhancement of damping probed by ferromagnetic resonance. The interfacial IMA and damping enhancement reaches a maximum when the Bi2Se3 film approaches its two-dimensional limit, indicating that topological surface states play an important role in the magnetization dynamics of YIG. Temperature-dependent ferromagnetic resonance of Bi2Se3/YIG reveals signatures of the magnetic proximity effect of TC as high as 180 K, an emerging low-temperature perpendicular magnetic anisotropy competing the high-temperature IMA, and an increasing exchange effective field of YIG steadily increasing toward low temperature. Our study sheds light on the effects of topological insulators on magnetization dynamics, essential for the development of topological insulator-based spintronic devices. Understanding the effects of topological insulators on magnetization dynamics of adjacent magnetic materials is essential for novel spintronic devices. Here, Fanchiang et al. report thickness dependence of interfacial in-plane magnetic anisotropy and damping enhancement in Bi2Se3/yttrium iron garnet (YIG) bilayers, indicating an important role of topological surface states in the magnetization dynamics of YIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Fanchiang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - K H M Chen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C C Tseng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C C Chen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C K Cheng
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - S R Yang
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - C N Wu
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - S F Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | - M Hong
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - J Kwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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Hung YC, Lin CC, Chen HJ, Chang MP, Huang KC, Chen YH, Chen CC. Severe hypoglycemia and hip fracture in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:2053-2060. [PMID: 28374044 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hypoglycemia is a major concern in glycemic control. Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we found that the risk of hip fracture was associated with emergency or hospitalization visits of severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes; greater visits were associated with higher incidence of hip fracture. INTRODUCTION The objective of the study was to assess the risk of hip fracture among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and severe hypoglycemia. METHODS Using the National Health Insurance Research database in Taiwan, we identified 2588 patients with T2DM who had developed severe hypoglycemia from 2001 to 2009. A comparison cohort who had never developed severe hypoglycemia was frequency matched at a ratio of approximately 1:2. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk of hip fracture. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 3.9 years, there were 219 hip fracture events in 5173 comparison cohorts and 148 hip fracture events in 2588 hypoglycemia cohorts. The incidence of hip fracture was higher in patients with severe hypoglycemia than without severe hypoglycemia (17.19 vs. 8.83 per 1000 person-years; adjusted HR 1.71, 95% CI = 1.35-2.16). Approximately half of the individuals developed hip fracture within 2 years from the first occurrence of severe hypoglycemia. There was a significant associated trend towards increased hip fracture risk with increasing average visit of severe hypoglycemia per year (p for trend <0.001). Medication analysis showed that patients taking sulfonylurea alone, insulin alone, and insulin secretagogues combined with insulin had a higher associated risk to develop hip fracture. CONCLUSIONS Severe hypoglycemia was associated with a higher risk to develop hip fracture. The more the visits of severe hypoglycemia per year indicated the higher associated risk in patients with T2DM. Fall is likely an important reason for severe hypoglycemia in relation to increased risk of hip fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - C C Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
- Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H J Chen
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - M P Chang
- Department of Nursing, School of Health, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 40343, Taiwan
| | - K C Huang
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Y H Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - C C Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Chen CC, Chen YW, Zheng JW. [Clinical observation of partial resection and drainage of abscess around tonsils on the upper pole of the tonsils]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:879-880. [PMID: 29775007 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Wang F, Fan XL, Chen CC. [The occupational disease hazards prevention and control status survey of tertiary hospitals in Shandong province]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2017; 35:154-156. [PMID: 28355712 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Chen CC, Granger CV, Peimer CA, Moy OJ, Wald S. Manual Ability Measure (MAM-16): A Preliminary Report on a New Patient-Centred and Task-Oriented Outcome Measure of Hand Function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 30:207-16. [PMID: 15757777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsb.2004.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2004] [Accepted: 12/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop an easy-to-use and psychometrically sound outcome instrument that is task-oriented and patient-centred. One hundred fifteen patients with a variety of hand impairments completed a rating scale of perceived manual ability (i.e., the Manual Ability Measure). The first 70 patients also completed two other questionnaires about physical health and psychological well-being. Rasch Analyses were conducted to transform the ordinal ratings into linear measures; Rasch statistics were used to evaluate its measurement properties at both scale and item levels. Eighty-three original items were reduced to 16 common tasks; Rasch reliabilities were good; the easy-to-difficult item hierarchy makes sense clinically. Moderate correlations were found between manual ability, physical function and general sense of well-being. The results of this preliminary study suggest that the MAM is a promising outcome measure that has adequate psychometric properties and can be used to complement other objective clinical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Chen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, New York University, USA.
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Chen CC, Chen YW, He YS. [Report and analysis of 2 cases of nerve paralysis with aspiration pneumonia after infection of herpes zoster virus]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:1249-1250. [PMID: 29798342 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.15.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two cases of patients were hospitalized for sore throat with Dysphagia.Check:Wall of the pharynx,tongue and epiglottis scattered the ulcer.The patients were loss of pharynx reflex.Oropharynx and piriform fossa has a lot of saliva retention.Posterior pharyngeal wall was drooping like waterfull.CT scan showed may be the aspiration pneumonia in right lower lung.The admission diagnosiswere pharyngeal herpes zoster virus infection,pharyngeal side muscle paralysis,and inhalation pneumonia.The patients' clinical data were retrospectively analyzed,and the report is as follows.
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Lai G, Mahadevan A, Hackney D, Warnke PC, Nigim F, Kasper E, Wong ET, Carter BS, Chen CC. Diagnostic Accuracy of PET, SPECT, and Arterial Spin-Labeling in Differentiating Tumor Recurrence from Necrosis in Cerebral Metastasis after Stereotactic Radiosurgery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:2250-5. [PMID: 26427832 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Radiographic assessment of cerebral metastasis after stereotactic radiosurgery remains a major challenge in neuro-oncology. It is often difficult to distinguish tumor progression from radiation necrosis in this setting using conventional MR imaging. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of different functional imaging modalities for detecting tumor recurrence after stereotactic radiosurgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients treated between 2007 and 2010 and identified 14 patients with cerebral metastasis who had clinical or radiographic progression following stereotactic radiosurgery and were imaged with arterial spin-labeling, FDG-PET, and thallium SPECT before stereotactic biopsy. Diagnostic accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for each imaging technique by using the pathologic diagnosis as the criterion standard. RESULTS Six patients (42%) had tumor progression, while 8 (58%) developed radiation necrosis. FDG-PET and arterial spin-labeling were equally sensitive in detecting tumor progression (83%). However, the specificity of arterial spin-labeling was superior to that of the other modalities (100%, 75%, and 50%, respectively). A combination of modalities did not augment the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, or negative predictive value of arterial spin-labeling. CONCLUSIONS In our series, arterial spin-labeling positivity was closely associated with the pathologic diagnosis of tumor progression after stereotactic radiosurgery. Validation of this finding in a large series is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lai
- From the School of Medicine (G.L., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | | | - P C Warnke
- Division of Neurosurgery (P.C.W.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - F Nigim
- Division of Neurosurgery (F.N., E.K.)
| | - E Kasper
- Division of Neurosurgery (F.N., E.K.)
| | - E T Wong
- Department of Neurology (E.T.W.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - B S Carter
- From the School of Medicine (G.L., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - C C Chen
- From the School of Medicine (G.L., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Abstract
Chronic pain, when not effectively treated, is a leading health and socioeconomic problem and has a harmful effect on all aspects of health-related quality of life. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of how pain transitions from the acute to chronic phase is essential for developing effective novel analgesics. Accumulated evidence has shown that the transition from acute to chronic pain is determined by a cellular signaling switch called hyperalgesic priming, which occurs in primary nociceptive afferents. The hyperalgesic priming is triggered by inflammatory mediators and is involved in a signal switch from protein kinase A (PKA) to protein kinase Cε (PKCε) located in both isolectin B4 (IB4)-positive (nonpeptidergic) and IB4-negative (peptidergic) nociceptors. Acidosis may be the decisive factor regulating the PKA-to-PKCε signal switch in a proton-sensing G-protein-coupled receptor-dependent manner. Protons can also induce the hyperalgesic priming in IB4-negative muscle nociceptors in a PKCε-independent manner. Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) and transient receptor potential/vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (TRPV1) are 2 major acid sensors involved in the proton-induced hyperalgesic priming. The proton-induced hyperalgesic priming in muscle afferents can be prevented by a substance P-mediated signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the factors that modulate hyperalgesic priming in both IB4-positive and IB4-negative nociceptors and discuss the role of acid signaling in inflammatory and noninflammatory pain as well as orofacial muscle pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Sun
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - C C Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Taiwan Mouse Clinic-National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Young JJ, Chen CC, Chen YC, Cheng KM, Yen HJ, Huang YC, Tsai TN. Positively and negatively surface-charged chondroitin sulfate-trimethylchitosan nanoparticles as protein carriers. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 137:532-540. [PMID: 26686160 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Positively and negatively surface-charged nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared with chondroitin sulfate (ChS) and trimethylchitosan (TMC). NP size, surface charge, formation yield, and water content were investigated as a function of weight ratio and concentration. Size and zeta potential were controlled by varying the ChS/TMC mass ratio. FTIR spectra revealed interactions among composite NP constituents. TEM images showed that the NPs were nearly spherical, with an average size of ∼ 300 nm. Encapsulation efficiency increased in positively charged NPs with increases in fluorescein isothiocyanate-bovine serum albumin concentration. Negatively charged NPs had only 10-20% encapsulation efficiency. The release profile, release kinetics and mechanism of positively charged ChS-TMC NPs were studied in vitro. NP cytocompatibility and uptake were verified ex vivo. Both types of NPs were taken up and retained in cells. A549 cells took up more positively charged (49.4%) than negatively charged (35.5%) NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenn-Jong Young
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Chuan Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Physiology & Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuang-Ming Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Ju Yen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC; Biomedical Engineering Program, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 10607, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chuan Huang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsung-Neng Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, ROC.
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Tsai TN, Yen HJ, Chen CC, Chen YC, Young YA, Cheng KM, Young JJ, Hong PD. Novel protein-loaded chondroitin sulfate-N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl]chitosan nanoparticles with reverse zeta potential: preparation, characterization, and ex vivo assessment. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:8729-8737. [PMID: 32262730 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01517k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile polyelectrolyte complexation method for the preparation of both positively and negatively surface charged nanoparticles composed of chondroitin sulfate (ChS) and N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl]chitosan (HTCC) is reported. Production of ChS-HTCC nanoparticles with reverse zeta potential was easily controlled by varying the ChS/HTCC mass ratio. The encapsulation efficiency increased with the increase in initial FITC-BSA concentration in positively charged NPs and reached 75%. However, a maximum of 20% encapsulation efficiency was achieved in the case of negatively charged NPs. In vitro release studies of positively charged ChS-HTCC NPs showed a small burst effect followed by a continued and controlled release. Both charges of ChS-HTCC NPs showed no cytotoxicity in HUVECs. The confocal images showed that ChS-HTCC NPs of both charges can be incorporated and retained by the A549 cells. Flow cytometric analysis data demonstrated that ChS-HTCC NPs of both charges were detected in more than 80% of the A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Neng Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec. 2, Cheng-gong Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen CC, Cheng KW, Chang SS. Impact on population alcohol use of policy changes following WTO membership in Taiwan. Eur J Public Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv175.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Liu YW, Fu TY, Peng WS, Chen YH, Cao YM, Chen CC, Hung WL, Tsai YC. Evaluation of the potential anti-allergic effects of heat-inactivated Lactobacillus paracasei V0151 in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:697-705. [PMID: 26192907 DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei V0151 (V0151), isolated from the faeces of a child, to modulate immune responses was investigated. In RAW 264.7 cells expressing an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-directed luciferase gene, heat-inactivated V0151 stimulated iNOS expression followed by nitric oxide production. V0151 significantly elevated interferon gamma, interleukin (IL)-10, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and IL-1β production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In splenocytes isolated from ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitised BALB/c mice treated with OVA and V0151 at different bacterium-to-cell ratios (1:1, 10:1, and 20:1) for 96 h, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 production was dose-dependently downregulated, whereas IL-12 was dose-dependently upregulated. Collectively, our findings indicate that V0151 might regulate pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages and splenocytes. Furthermore, the T helper 1/T helper 2 (Th1/Th2) balance was also skewed toward Th1 dominance through the elevation of Th1 cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Liu
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - T Y Fu
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C.,2 Probiotics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - W S Peng
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C.,2 Probiotics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Y H Chen
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C.,2 Probiotics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Y M Cao
- 3 Want Want China Holdings Ltd., No.1088, East Hond Song Rd., Shanghai 201103, China P.R
| | - C C Chen
- 3 Want Want China Holdings Ltd., No.1088, East Hond Song Rd., Shanghai 201103, China P.R
| | - W L Hung
- 3 Want Want China Holdings Ltd., No.1088, East Hond Song Rd., Shanghai 201103, China P.R
| | - Y C Tsai
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C.,2 Probiotics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Sheu YT, Chen SC, Chien CC, Chen CC, Kao CM. Application of a long-lasting colloidal substrate with pH and hydrogen sulfide control capabilities to remediate TCE-contaminated groundwater. J Hazard Mater 2015; 284:222-232. [PMID: 25463237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A long-lasting emulsified colloidal substrate (LECS) was developed for continuous carbon and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) release to remediate trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated groundwater under reductive dechlorinating conditions. The developed LECS contained nZVI, vegetable oil, surfactants (Simple Green™ and lecithin), molasses, lactate, and minerals. An emulsification study was performed to evaluate the globule droplet size and stability of LECS. The results show that a stable oil-in-water emulsion with uniformly small droplets (0.7 μm) was produced, which could continuously release the primary substrates. The emulsified solution could serve as the dispensing agent, and nZVI particles (with diameter 100-200 nm) were distributed in the emulsion evenly without aggregation. Microcosm results showed that the LECS caused a rapid increase in the total organic carbon concentration (up to 488 mg/L), and reductive dechlorination of TCE was significantly enhanced. Up to 99% of TCE (with initial concentration of 7.4 mg/L) was removed after 130 days of operation. Acidification was prevented by the production of hydroxide ion by the oxidation of nZVI. The formation of iron sulfide reduced the odor from produced hydrogen sulfide. Microbial analyses reveal that dechlorinating bacteria existed in soils, which might contribute to TCE dechlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Sheu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S C Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
| | - C C Chien
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
| | - C C Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C M Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Chen CM, Huang KC, Chen CC, Huang SU, Huang CE, Chen YY, Hsu SL. The impact of joint range of motion limitations on health-related quality of life in patients with haemophilia A: a prospective study. Haemophilia 2015; 21:e176-e184. [PMID: 25684270 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In patients with haemophilia A, repeated occurrences of haemarthrosis and synovitis lead to limitations in range of motion (ROM) of major joints. However, the effect of limitations in joint ROM on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in these patients has not been studied previously. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of ROM limitations of 10 major joints (bilateral shoulders, elbows, hips, knees and ankles), combined with other possibly influential factors, on HRQOL in patients with haemophilia A. The ROM limitations in 13 movements and pain intensity of the 10 major joints were measured. The socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded. Short-Form 36 was used as the HRQOL measurement. Eighteen patients (mean age: 36.9 years) were included. Hip ROM limitations, knee ROM limitations and hip pain intensity predicted physical functioning scale (P < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.553). Shoulder ROM limitations and age predicted role limitation were due to emotional problems scale (P < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.373). Elbow ROM limitations and haemophilia severity predicted mental health scale (P = 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.320). Hip ROM limitations predicted social functioning scale (P = 0.041; adjusted R2 = 0.091). Educational level and elbow ROM limitations predicted vitality scale (P < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.416). The ROM limitations of hip, knee, shoulder and elbow could be predictors for HRQOL in patients with haemophilia A. Improving ROM of major joints could be an appropriate treatment strategy to enhance HRQOL in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Haemophilia and Thrombosis Treatment Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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Cheng YH, Deng TC, Chen CC, Chiang CH, Chang CA. First Report of Euphorbia leaf curl virus and Papaya leaf curl Guangdong virus on Passion Fruit in Taiwan. Plant Dis 2014; 98:1746. [PMID: 30703901 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-13-0554-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis × Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) 'Tainung No. 1' is the main variety cultivated in Taiwan, which is a hybrid and propagated only by grafting. In the spring of 2011, plants with systemic mottle and malformation on leaves were found in some orchards located in Puli and Nantou in central Taiwan. Interestingly, after 3 months of growth, most of these diseased plants became symptomless when the weather became warmer. Nevertheless, some striped concaves were observed on immature fruit surfaces of diseased plants. In March of 2011, two leaf samples exhibiting mosaic and three samples showing malformation were collected and tested by DAS-ELISA; none positively reacted with antibodies against the Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), East Asian passiflora virus (EAPV), Passion fruit mottle virus (PaMV), or Passion fruit crinkle virus (PCV) that have previously occurred in Taiwan. Rolling-circle amplification (RCA) with hexamer primers were adopted to analyze potential begomoviruses that were prevalent on the other crops in Taiwan (3). The RCA amplified products were digested with BamHI and separated on 1.2% agarose by gel electrophoresis. A fragment, about 3 kb, was purified from each gel and cloned into the respective site of pBluescript SK(-) individually. Clones were screened by EcoRI digestion and two types of restriction fragment length patterns were found among them. One type of a clone containing 2,745 nucleotides (Accession No. KC161185) with 98.5% identity to Euphorbia leaf curl virus (EuLCV) (1) and the other type of a clone containing 2,732 nucleotides (KC161184) with 91.7% identity to Papaya leaf curl Guangdong virus (PaLCuGDV) (2) were revealed by nucleotide comparisons of their DNA-A in GenBank. Accordingly, we confirmed the existence of passiflora isolates of EuLCV and PaLCuGDV. PCR primers CPup/Edw/Pdw (5'TGTGAAGG(A/C/G/T)CC(A/G/T)TGTAA(A/G)GT3'/5'CGCAGTTT CTGGAGGATATTAAG3'/5'TCGCATGCCACTTCCTCAGT3') were designed to differentiate these viruses by amplifying a 235 bp DNA fragment for EuLCV and 345 bp for PaLCuGDV. In a brief survey, all 26 passion fruit leaf samples collected from seven orchards were double infected with EuLCV and PaLCuGDV; only six samples collected from a specific orchard were found to harbor the PaLCuGDV infection. Thirty-seven seedlings from passion fruit (P. edulis f. flavicarpa) seeds were indexed and all were free from both viruses. Five virus-free plantlets of P. edulis f. flavicarpa, one EuLCV and PalCuGDV double infected P. edulis × P. edulis f. flavicarpa, and 20 whiteflies were put into one net tent for 2 months, and then the five plantlets were tested by PCR. The two EuLCV and PalCuGDV specific fragments were amplified from all five plantlets. The two begomoviruses cause mild symptoms on passion fruit plant but the appearance of the fruit was affected. To our knowledge, this is the first report of begomoviruses infecting passion fruit in Taiwan and in Asia. References: (1) X. Ma et al. J. Phytopathol. 152:215. (2) X. Wang et al. Virus Genes 29:303. (3) C. Wu et al. J. Virol. Methods 147:355.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Cheng
- Division of Plant Pathology, Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - T C Deng
- Division of Plant Pathology, Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C C Chen
- Division of Plant Pathology, Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C H Chiang
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, Chunghua, Taiwan
| | - C A Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical Science and Technology, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
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Steed TC, Treiber JM, Patel KS, Taich Z, White NS, Treiber ML, Farid N, Carter BS, Dale AM, Chen CC. Iterative probabilistic voxel labeling: automated segmentation for analysis of The Cancer Imaging Archive glioblastoma images. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 36:678-85. [PMID: 25414001 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Robust, automated segmentation algorithms are required for quantitative analysis of large imaging datasets. We developed an automated method that identifies and labels brain tumor-associated pathology by using an iterative probabilistic voxel labeling using k-nearest neighbor and Gaussian mixture model classification. Our purpose was to develop a segmentation method which could be applied to a variety of imaging from The Cancer Imaging Archive. MATERIALS AND METHODS Images from 2 sets of 15 randomly selected subjects with glioblastoma from The Cancer Imaging Archive were processed by using the automated algorithm. The algorithm-defined tumor volumes were compared with those segmented by trained operators by using the Dice similarity coefficient. RESULTS Compared with operator volumes, algorithm-generated segmentations yielded mean Dice similarities of 0.92 ± 0.03 for contrast-enhancing volumes and 0.84 ± 0.09 for FLAIR hyperintensity volumes. These values compared favorably with the means of Dice similarity coefficients between the operator-defined segmentations: 0.92 ± 0.03 for contrast-enhancing volumes and 0.92 ± 0.05 for FLAIR hyperintensity volumes. Robust segmentations can be achieved when only postcontrast T1WI and FLAIR images are available. CONCLUSIONS Iterative probabilistic voxel labeling defined tumor volumes that were highly consistent with operator-defined volumes. Application of this algorithm could facilitate quantitative assessment of neuroimaging from patients with glioblastoma for both research and clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Steed
- From the Neurosciences Graduate Program (T.C.S.) School of Medicine (T.C.S., J.M.T.) Center for Theoretical and Applied Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neurosurgery, Moores Cancer Center (T.C.S., J.M.T., K.S.P., Z.T., M.L.T., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - J M Treiber
- School of Medicine (T.C.S., J.M.T.) Center for Theoretical and Applied Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neurosurgery, Moores Cancer Center (T.C.S., J.M.T., K.S.P., Z.T., M.L.T., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - K S Patel
- Center for Theoretical and Applied Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neurosurgery, Moores Cancer Center (T.C.S., J.M.T., K.S.P., Z.T., M.L.T., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Weill-Cornell Medical College (K.S.P.), New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Z Taich
- Center for Theoretical and Applied Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neurosurgery, Moores Cancer Center (T.C.S., J.M.T., K.S.P., Z.T., M.L.T., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - N S White
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (N.S.W., N.F., A.M.D.)
| | - M L Treiber
- Center for Theoretical and Applied Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neurosurgery, Moores Cancer Center (T.C.S., J.M.T., K.S.P., Z.T., M.L.T., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - N Farid
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (N.S.W., N.F., A.M.D.) Department of Radiology (N.F., A.M.D.)
| | - B S Carter
- Center for Theoretical and Applied Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neurosurgery, Moores Cancer Center (T.C.S., J.M.T., K.S.P., Z.T., M.L.T., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - A M Dale
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (N.S.W., N.F., A.M.D.) Department of Radiology (N.F., A.M.D.)
| | - C C Chen
- Center for Theoretical and Applied Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neurosurgery, Moores Cancer Center (T.C.S., J.M.T., K.S.P., Z.T., M.L.T., B.S.C., C.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Chen CC, Chang MW, Chang CP, Chan SC, Chang WY, Yang CL, Lin MT. A forced running wheel system with a microcontroller that provides high-intensity exercise training in an animal ischemic stroke model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 47:858-68. [PMID: 25140816 PMCID: PMC4181221 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We developed a forced non-electric-shock running wheel (FNESRW) system that provides rats with high-intensity exercise training using automatic exercise training patterns that are controlled by a microcontroller. The proposed system successfully makes a breakthrough in the traditional motorized running wheel to allow rats to perform high-intensity training and to enable comparisons with the treadmill at the same exercise intensity without any electric shock. A polyvinyl chloride runway with a rough rubber surface was coated on the periphery of the wheel so as to permit automatic acceleration training, and which allowed the rats to run consistently at high speeds (30 m/min for 1 h). An animal ischemic stroke model was used to validate the proposed system. FNESRW, treadmill, control, and sham groups were studied. The FNESRW and treadmill groups underwent 3 weeks of endurance running training. After 3 weeks, the experiments of middle cerebral artery occlusion, the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), an inclined plane test, and triphenyltetrazolium chloride were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed platform. The proposed platform showed that enhancement of motor function, mNSS, and infarct volumes was significantly stronger in the FNESRW group than the control group (P<0.05) and similar to the treadmill group. The experimental data demonstrated that the proposed platform can be applied to test the benefit of exercise-preconditioning-induced neuroprotection using the animal stroke model. Additional advantages of the FNESRW system include stand-alone capability, independence of subjective human adjustment, and ease of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - M W Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C P Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - S C Chan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - W Y Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C L Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - M T Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chen CC, Hsieh DS, Huang KJ, Chan YL, Hong PD, Yeh MK, Wu CJ. Improving anticancer efficacy of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate gold nanoparticles in murine B16F10 melanoma cells. Drug Des Devel Ther 2014; 8:459-74. [PMID: 24855338 PMCID: PMC4020885 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s58414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major bioactive constituent in green tea, has been reported to effectively inhibit the formation and development of tumors. To maximize the effectiveness of EGCG, we attached it to nanogold particles (EGCG-pNG) in various ratios to examine in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo anti-cancer activity. EGCG-pNG showed improved anti-cancer efficacy in B16F10 murine melanoma cells; the cytotoxic effect in the melanoma cells treated with EGCG-pNG was 4.91 times higher than those treated with EGCG. The enhancement is achieved through mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis as determined by annexin V assay, JC-10 staining, and caspase-3, -8, -9 activity assay. Moreover, EGCG-pNG was 1.66 times more potent than EGCG for inhibition of tumor growth in a murine melanoma model. In the hemolysis assay, the pNG surface conjugated with EGCG is most likely the key factor that contributes to the decreased release of hemoglobin from human red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheung Chen
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China ; Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Dar-Shih Hsieh
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China ; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Ren-Ai Hospital, Shulin, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kao-Jean Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Chan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Da Hong
- Materials Technology Program, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Kung Yeh
- Materials Technology Program, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China ; School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China ; Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chang-Jer Wu
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tain YL, Sheen JM, Chen CC, Yu HR, Tiao MM, Kuo HC, Huang LT. Maternal citrulline supplementation prevents prenatal dexamethasone-induced programmed hypertension. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:580-6. [PMID: 24555785 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.895341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are administered to premature infants to accelerate pulmonary maturation. In experimental model, prenatal dexamethasone (DEX) results in reduced nephron number and adulthood hypertension. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), can cause oxidative stress and is involved in the development of hypertension. L-citrulline can be converted to l-arginine (the substrate for NOS) in the body. Thus we intended to determine if maternal L-citrulline therapy can prevent prenatal DEX-induced programmed hypertension by restoration ADMA/nitric oxide (NO) balance, alterations of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and sodium transporters, and epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Male offspring were assigned to four groups: control, pregnancy rats received intraperitoneal DEX (0.2 mg/kg body weight) daily on gestational days 15 and 16 (DEX), pregnancy rats received 0.25% L-citrulline in drinking water during the entire pregnancy and lactation period (CIT), and DEX + CIT. We found DEX group developed hypertension at 16 weeks of age, which was prevented by maternal L-citrulline therapy. Prenatal DEX exposure increased plasma ADMA concentrations and reduced renal NO production. However, L-citrulline reduced plasma ADMA level and increased renal level of NO in DEX + CIT group. Next, prenatal DEX-induced programmed hypertension is related to increased mRNA expression of angiotensin and angiotensin II type 1 receptor, and class I HDACs in the kidney. Prenatal DEX exposure increased renal protein abundance of Na(+)/Cl(-) cotransporter (NCC), which was prevented by L-citrulline therapy. The beneficial effects of L-citrulline therapy include restoration of ADMA/NO balance and alteration of NCC, to prevent the prenatal DEX-induced programmed hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
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Lin PL, Huang PY, Huang PW, Hsu HC, Chen CC. Teeth segmentation of dental periapical radiographs based on local singularity analysis. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2014; 113:433-445. [PMID: 24252317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Teeth segmentation for periapical raidographs is one of the most critical tasks for effective periapical lesion or periodontitis detection, as both types of anomalies usually occur around tooth boundaries and dental radiographs are often subject to noise, low contrast, and uneven illumination. In this paper, we propose an effective scheme to segment each tooth in periapical radiographs. The method consists of four stages: image enhancement using adaptive power law transformation, local singularity analysis using Hölder exponent, tooth recognition using Otsu's thresholding and connected component analysis, and tooth delineation using snake boundary tracking and morphological operations. Experimental results of 28 periapical radiographs containing 106 teeth in total and 75 useful for dental examination demonstrate that 105 teeth are successfully isolated and segmented, and the overall mean segmentation accuracy of all 75 useful teeth in terms of (TP, FP) is (0.8959, 0.0093) with standard deviation (0.0737, 0.0096), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Providence University, Shalu, Taichung 43301, Taiwan.
| | - P Y Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - P W Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - H C Hsu
- College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - C C Chen
- College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Neonatal lupus is a rare and acquired autoimmune disease. Central nervous system abnormalities are potential manifestations in neonatal lupus. Through a systematic literature review, we analyzed the clinical features of previously reported neonatal lupus cases where central nervous system abnormalities had been identified. Most reported neonatal lupus patients with central nervous system involvement were neuroimaging-determined and asymptomatic. Only seven neonatal lupus cases were identified as having a symptomatic central nervous system abnormality which caused physical disability or required neurosurgery. A high percentage of these neurosymptomatic neonatal lupus patients had experienced a transient cutaneous skin rash and had no maternal history of autoimmune disease before pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Chen
- 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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McDonald CR, White NS, Farid N, Lai G, Kuperman JM, Bartsch H, Hagler DJ, Kesari S, Carter BS, Chen CC, Dale AM. Recovery of white matter tracts in regions of peritumoral FLAIR hyperintensity with use of restriction spectrum imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:1157-63. [PMID: 23275591 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE DTI is being increasingly used to visualize critical white matter tracts adjacent to brain tumors before neurosurgical resection. However, brain tumors, particularly high-grade gliomas, are typically surrounded by regions of FLAIR hyperintensity that include edema, which increase isotropic diffusion, degrading the ability of standard DTI to uncover orientation estimates within these regions. We introduce a new technique, RSI, which overcomes this limitation by removing the spherical, fast diffusion component introduced by edema, providing better analysis of white matter architecture. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 10 patients with high-grade gliomas surrounded by FLAIR-HI that at least partially resolved on follow-up imaging were included. All patients underwent RSI and DTI at baseline (FLAIR-HI present) and at follow-up (FLAIR-HI partially resolved). FA values obtained with RSI and DTI were compared within regions of FLAIR-HI and NAWM at both time points. RESULTS RSI showed higher FA in regions of FLAIR-HI and NAWM relative to DTI, reflecting the ability of RSI to specifically measure the slow, restricted volume fraction in regions of edema and NAWM. Furthermore, a method by time interaction revealed that FA estimates increased when the FLAIR-HI resolved by use of standard DTI but remained stable with RSI. Tractography performed within the region of FLAIR-HI revealed the superior ability of RSI to track fibers through severe edema relative to standard DTI. CONCLUSIONS RSI improves the quantification and visualization of white matter tracts in regions of peritumoral FLAIR-HI associated with edema relative to standard DTI and may provide a valuable tool for neurosurgical planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R McDonald
- Departments of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Abstract
Neonatal lupus is a passively acquired autoimmune syndrome resulting from the transplacental passage of maternal anti-Ro/SSA and/or anti-La/SSB antibodies to the fetus. Few past studies have reported central nervous system involvement in neonatal lupus, and most cases had a good neurological outcome. We report here a preterm case of neonatal lupus with thrombocytopenia and comorbid hemorrhagic stroke. In the follow-up, the infant developed spastic quadriplegia and showed delayed milestones. We believe that this is the first reported case of neonatal lupus accompanied by perinatal hemorrhagic stroke. We present this case to remind clinicians to conduct regular central nervous system surveys in cases of neonatal lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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49
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Wu CC, Hus LC, Chiang PN, Liu JC, Kuan WH, Chen CC, Tzou YM, Wang MK, Hwang CE. Oxidative removal of arsenite by Fe(II)- and polyoxometalate (POM)-amended zero-valent aluminum (ZVAl) under oxic conditions. Water Res 2013; 47:2583-2591. [PMID: 23497977 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic transformation of As(III) to As(V) is possible which would decrease As toxicity. This study investigated the potential applications of zero-valent Al (ZVAl) or Al wastes, such as Al beverage cans, for converting As(III) to As(V) in an acidic solution under aerobic conditions. Results showed that As(III) could not be oxidized by ZVAl within 150 min reaction at pH 1 because of the presence of an oxide layer on ZVAl. However, 85 μM As(III) could be completely oxidized with the addition of Fe(II) or POM due to the generation of a Fenton reaction or the enhancement of H2O2 production, respectively, on the ZVAl surfaces. Because Fe(II) or polyoxometalate (POM) exhibited more stable at low pH and scavenged rapidly the H2O2 produced on the aerated ZVAl surfaces, OH radical productions were more efficient and As(III) was rapidly oxidized in the ZVAl/O2 system with theses two catalysts. The catalytic oxidation kinetics of As(III) in the presence of Fe(II) or POM were best described by zero-order reaction, and the rate constants increased with a decrease of pH from 2 to 1. Following the oxidative conversion of As(III) to As(V) in the ZVAl/Fe/O2 system, As(V) was removed by the newly formed hydrous Al/Fe precipitates by increasing the solution pH to 6. Nonetheless, the As(V) removal was incomplete in the ZVAl/POM/O2 system because the hydrolyzed products of POM, e.g., PO4(3-), inhibited As(V) removal due to the competitive adsorption of the oxyanion on Al precipitates. Discarded Al-based beverage cans exhibit a higher efficiency for As(III) oxidation and final As removal compared with that of ZVAl, and thus, the potential application of Al beverage cans to scavenge As in solutions is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Wu
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang KW, Lin MC, Lee SY, Chen HY, Chen CC, Fu YK. Effects of [123I]ADAM, a serotonin transporter radiopharmaceutical, on pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:2646-51. [PMID: 22960183 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin transport abnormalities are implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. [(123)I]ADAM ([(123)I]-2-([2-({dimethylamino}methyl)phenyl]thio)-5-iodophenylamine) is a novel radiotracer that targets serotonin transporters. We assessed the toxicity of [(123)I]ADAM (18.5 MBq) administered in early- and late-phases (8 and 14 day postfertilization, respectively) of pregnancy. The mortality, clinical status, and gross necropsy were measured in pregnant rats, and the fertility index was measured in rat offspring (weight, clinical observations). We found no dosing-related clinical signs. In conclusion, [(123)I]ADAM was not toxic in an animal pregnancy model.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Chang
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Division of Isotope Application, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
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