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Veluthakal R, Esparza D, Hoolachan JM, Balakrishnan R, Ahn M, Oh E, Jayasena CS, Thurmond DC. Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Inter-Organ Miscommunications in T2D Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1504. [PMID: 38338783 PMCID: PMC10855860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogenous disease, and conventionally, peripheral insulin resistance (IR) was thought to precede islet β-cell dysfunction, promoting progression from prediabetes to T2D. New evidence suggests that T2D-lean individuals experience early β-cell dysfunction without significant IR. Regardless of the primary event (i.e., IR vs. β-cell dysfunction) that contributes to dysglycemia, significant early-onset oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple metabolic tissues may be a driver of T2D onset and progression. Oxidative stress, defined as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is mediated by hyperglycemia alone or in combination with lipids. Physiological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue communication, while pathological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue mis-communication, and new evidence suggests that this is mediated via extracellular vesicles (EVs), including mitochondria containing EVs. Under metabolic-related stress conditions, EV-mediated cross-talk between β-cells and skeletal muscle likely trigger mitochondrial anomalies leading to prediabetes and T2D. This article reviews the underlying molecular mechanisms in ROS-related pathogenesis of prediabetes, including mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics due to oxidative stress. Further, this review will describe the potential of various therapeutic avenues for attenuating oxidative damage, reversing prediabetes and preventing progression to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
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2
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Cisterna B, Lofaro FD, Lacavalla MA, Boschi F, Malatesta M, Quaglino D, Zancanaro C, Boraldi F. Aged gastrocnemius muscle of mice positively responds to a late onset adapted physical training. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1273309. [PMID: 38020923 PMCID: PMC10679468 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1273309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A regular physical training is known to contribute to preserve muscle mass and strength, maintaining structure and function of neural and vascular compartments and preventing muscle insulin resistance and inflammation. However, physical activity is progressively reduced during aging causing mobility limitations and poor quality of life. Although physical exercise for rehabilitation purposes (e.g., after fractures or cardiovascular events) or simply aiming to counteract the development of sarcopenia is frequently advised by physicians, nevertheless few data are available on the targets and the global effects on the muscle organ of adapted exercise especially if started at old age. Methods: To contribute answering this question for medical translational purposes, the proteomic profile of the gastrocnemius muscle was analyzed in 24-month-old mice undergoing adapted physical training on a treadmill for 12 weeks or kept under a sedentary lifestyle condition. Proteomic data were implemented by morphological and morphometrical ultrastructural evaluations. Results and Discussion: Data demonstrate that muscles can respond to adapted physical training started at old age, positively modulating their morphology and the proteomic profile fostering protective and saving mechanisms either involving the extracellular compartment as well as muscle cell components and pathways (i.e., mitochondrial processes, cytoplasmic translation pathways, chaperone-dependent protein refolding, regulation of skeletal muscle contraction). Therefore, this study provides important insights on the targets of adapted physical training, which can be regarded as suitable benchmarks for future in vivo studies further exploring the effects of this type of physical activity by functional/metabolic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cisterna
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Maria Assunta Lacavalla
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Daniela Quaglino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Zancanaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Boraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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3
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Becker M, Joseph SS, Garcia-Carrizo F, Tom RZ, Opaleva D, Serr I, Tschöp MH, Schulz TJ, Hofmann SM, Daniel C. Regulatory T cells require IL6 receptor alpha signaling to control skeletal muscle function and regeneration. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1736-1751.e7. [PMID: 37734370 PMCID: PMC10563138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Muscle-residing regulatory T cells (Tregs) control local tissue integrity and function. However, the molecular interface connecting Treg-based regulation with muscle function and regeneration remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that exercise fosters a stable induction of highly functional muscle-residing Tregs with increased expression of amphiregulin (Areg), EGFR, and ST2. Mechanistically, we find that mice lacking IL6Rα on T cells (TKO) harbor significant reductions in muscle Treg functionality and satellite and fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells, which are required for muscle regeneration. Using exercise and sarcopenia models, IL6Rα TKO mice demonstrate deficits in Tregs, their functional maturation, and a more pronounced decline in muscle mass. Muscle injury models indicate that IL6Rα TKO mice have significant disabilities in muscle regeneration. Treg gain of function restores impaired muscle repair in IL6Rα TKO mice. Of note, pharmacological IL6R blockade in WT mice phenocopies deficits in muscle function identified in IL6Rα TKO mice, thereby highlighting the clinical implications of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Becker
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sini S Joseph
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Francisco Garcia-Carrizo
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Robby Z Tom
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Daria Opaleva
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Serr
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Tim J Schulz
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Daniel
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
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Henriquez-Olguin C, Meneses-Valdes R, Raun SH, Gallero S, Knudsen JR, Li Z, Li J, Sylow L, Jaimovich E, Jensen TE. NOX2 deficiency exacerbates diet-induced obesity and impairs molecular training adaptations in skeletal muscle. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102842. [PMID: 37572454 PMCID: PMC10440567 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 has been linked to both insulin resistance and exercise training adaptations in skeletal muscle. This study explores the previously unexamined role of NOX2 in the interplay between diet-induced insulin resistance and exercise training (ET). Using a mouse model that harbors a point mutation in the essential NOX2 regulatory subunit, p47phox (Ncf1*), we investigated the impact of this mutation on various metabolic adaptations. Wild-type (WT) and Ncf1* mice were assigned to three groups: chow diet, 60% energy fat diet (HFD), and HFD with access to running wheels (HFD + E). After a 16-week intervention, a comprehensive phenotypic assessment was performed, including body composition, glucose tolerance, energy intake, muscle insulin signaling, redox-related proteins, and mitochondrial adaptations. The results revealed that NOX2 deficiency exacerbated the impact of HFD on body weight, body composition, and glucose intolerance. Moreover, in Ncf1* mice, ET did not improve glucose tolerance or increase muscle cross-sectional area. ET normalized body fat independently of genotype. The lack of NOX2 activity during ET reduced several metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle, including insulin signaling and expression of Hexokinase II and oxidative phosphorylation complexes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that NOX2 mediates key beneficial effects of exercise training in the context of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henriquez-Olguin
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Exercise Science Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Roberto Meneses-Valdes
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Steffen H Raun
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Samantha Gallero
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas R Knudsen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhencheng Li
- College of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, CN, China
| | - Lykke Sylow
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Enrique Jaimovich
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas E Jensen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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5
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Pham T, Dollet L, Ali MS, Raun SH, Møller LL, Jafari A, Ditzel N, Andersen NR, Fritzen AM, Gerhart-Hines Z, Kiens B, Suomalainen A, Simpson SJ, Salling Olsen M, Kieser A, Schjerling P, Nieminen AI, Richter EA, Havula E, Sylow L. TNIK is a conserved regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism in obesity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf7119. [PMID: 37556547 PMCID: PMC10411879 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf7119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are growing health challenges with unmet treatment needs. Traf2- and NCK-interacting protein kinase (TNIK) is a recently identified obesity- and T2D-associated gene with unknown functions. We show that TNIK governs lipid and glucose homeostasis in Drosophila and mice. Loss of the Drosophila ortholog of TNIK, misshapen, altered the metabolite profiles and impaired de novo lipogenesis in high sugar-fed larvae. Tnik knockout mice exhibited hyperlocomotor activity and were protected against diet-induced fat expansion, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. The improved lipid profile of Tnik knockout mice was accompanied by enhanced skeletal muscle and adipose tissue insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and glucose and lipid handling. Using the T2D Knowledge Portal and the UK Biobank, we observed associations of TNIK variants with blood glucose, HbA1c, body mass index, body fat percentage, and feeding behavior. These results define an untapped paradigm of TNIK-controlled glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. C. Phung Pham
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lucile Dollet
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mona S. Ali
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steffen H. Raun
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth L. V. Møller
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicholas Ditzel
- Molecular Endocrinology and Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Biomedical Laboratory, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Nicoline R. Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas M. Fritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zachary Gerhart-Hines
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Kiens
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Stephen J. Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006, Australia
| | - Morten Salling Olsen
- Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Building 9312, Henrik Harpestrengs Vej 4C, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnd Kieser
- Helmholtz Centre Munich–German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Schjerling
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anni I. Nieminen
- FIMM Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erik A. Richter
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Essi Havula
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lykke Sylow
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Møller LLV, Ali MS, Davey J, Raun SH, Andersen NR, Long JZ, Qian H, Jeppesen JF, Henriquez-Olguin C, Frank E, Jensen TE, Højlund K, Wojtaszewski JFP, Nielsen J, Chiu TT, Jedrychowski MP, Gregorevic P, Klip A, Richter EA, Sylow L. The Rho guanine dissociation inhibitor α inhibits skeletal muscle Rac1 activity and insulin action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211041120. [PMID: 37364105 PMCID: PMC10318982 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211041120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular events governing skeletal muscle glucose uptake have pharmacological potential for managing insulin resistance in conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer. With no current pharmacological treatments to target skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, there is an unmet need to identify the molecular mechanisms that control insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. Here, the Rho guanine dissociation inhibitor α (RhoGDIα) is identified as a point of control in the regulation of insulin sensitivity. In skeletal muscle cells, RhoGDIα interacted with, and thereby inhibited, the Rho GTPase Rac1. In response to insulin, RhoGDIα was phosphorylated at S101 and Rac1 dissociated from RhoGDIα to facilitate skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation. Accordingly, siRNA-mediated RhoGDIα depletion increased Rac1 activity and elevated GLUT4 translocation. Consistent with RhoGDIα's inhibitory effect, rAAV-mediated RhoGDIα overexpression in mouse muscle decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and was detrimental to whole-body glucose tolerance. Aligning with RhoGDIα's negative role in insulin sensitivity, RhoGDIα protein content was elevated in skeletal muscle from insulin-resistant patients with type 2 diabetes. These data identify RhoGDIα as a clinically relevant controller of skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and whole-body glucose homeostasis, mechanistically by modulating Rac1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth L. V. Møller
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Mona S. Ali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Davey
- The Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Steffen H. Raun
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Nicoline R. Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Z. Long
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine and Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Hongwei Qian
- The Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Jacob F. Jeppesen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Carlos Henriquez-Olguin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Exercise Science Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, 7501015Santiago, Chile
| | - Emma Frank
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Thomas E. Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kurt Højlund
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, 5000Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F. P. Wojtaszewski
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Joachim Nielsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230Odense M, Denmark
| | - Tim T. Chiu
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ONM5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Mark P. Jedrychowski
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02215
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- The Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Amira Klip
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ONM5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Erik A. Richter
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Lykke Sylow
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen N, Denmark
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7
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Gao R, Wang H, Li T, Wang J, Ren Z, Cai N, Ai H, Li S, Lu Y, Zhu Y, Shuai X, He X, Shi G, Chen Y. Secreted MUP1 that reduced under ER stress attenuates ER stress induced insulin resistance through suppressing protein synthesis in hepatocytes. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106585. [PMID: 36455814 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Disturbed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response driven by the excessive lipid accumulation in the liver is a characteristic feature in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Restoring metabolic homeostasis by targeting ER stress is a potentially therapeutic strategy for NAFLD. Here we aim to identify novel proteins or pathways involved in regulating ER stress response and therapeutic targets for alleviating NAFLD. Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that major urinary proteins (MUPs) were significantly reduced in the livers from NAFLD mouse models. Then we confirmed that MUP1, the major secreted form of MUPs, was reduced at mRNA and protein expression levels in hepatocytes both in vivo and in vitro under ER stress. We further illustrated that MUP1 protein levels in the urine were reduced in mice with NAFLD, which was reversed by GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment. To study the relationship between ER stress and MUP1 biology, our analysis demonstrated that MUP1 was misfolded and trapped in the ER under ER stress in vivo. Interestingly, we discovered that recombinant MUP1 treatment in hepatocytes increased calcium efflux from the ER, which resulted in transient ER stress response, including reduced protein synthesis. These responses facilitated the alleviation of chemical induced ER stress in hepatocytes, which was suggested as "pre-adaptive ER stress". Besides, recombinant MUP1 pretreatment also improved ER stress-induced insulin resistance in hepatocytes. Our findings revealed a novel and critical role of MUP1, and recombinant MUP1 or its potential derivates may serve as a promising therapeutic target for alleviating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heting Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhitao Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heying Ai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemin He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yanming Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Ubaida-Mohien C, Spendiff S, Lyashkov A, Moaddel R, MacMillan NJ, Filion ME, Morais JA, Taivassalo T, Ferrucci L, Hepple RT. Unbiased proteomics, histochemistry, and mitochondrial DNA copy number reveal better mitochondrial health in muscle of high functioning octogenarians. eLife 2022; 11:74335. [PMID: 35404238 PMCID: PMC9090325 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Master athletes prove that preserving a high level of physical function up to very late in life is possible, but the mechanisms responsible for their high function remain unclear. Methods: We performed muscle biopsies in 15 octogenarian world class track and field masters athletes (MA) and 14 non-athlete age/sex-matched controls (NA) to provide insights into mechanisms for preserving function in advanced age. Muscle samples were assessed for respiratory compromised fibers, mtDNA copy number, and proteomics by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry. Results: MA exhibited markedly better performance on clinical function tests and greater cross-sectional area of the vastus lateralis muscle. Proteomics analysis revealed marked differences, where most of the ~800 differentially represented proteins in MA versus NA pertained to mitochondria structure/function such as electron transport capacity (ETC), cristae formation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mtDNA-encoded proteins. In contrast, proteins from the spliceosome complex and nuclear pore were downregulated in MA. Consistent with proteomics data, MA had fewer respiratory compromised fibers, higher mtDNA copy number, and an increased protein ratio of the cristae-bound ETC subunits relative to the outer mitochondrial membrane protein voltage dependent anion channel. There was a substantial overlap of proteins overrepresented in MA versus NA with proteins that decline with aging and which are higher in physically active than sedentary individuals. However, we also found 176 proteins related to mitochondria that are uniquely differentially expressed in MA. Conclusions: We conclude that high function in advanced age is associated with preserving mitochondrial structure/function proteins, with under-representation of proteins involved in the spliceosome and nuclear pore complex. Whereas many of these differences in MA appear related to their physical activity habits, others may reflect unique biological (e.g., gene, environment) mechanisms that preserve muscle integrity and function with aging. Funding: Funding for this study was provided by operating grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 84408 to TT and MOP 125986 to RTH). Supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alexey Lyashkov
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | | | | | | | - Tanja Taivassalo
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerentology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, United States
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
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9
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Leal-Julià M, Vilches JJ, Onieva A, Verdés S, Sánchez Á, Chillón M, Navarro X, Bosch A. Proteomic quantitative study of dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve in type 2 diabetic mice. Mol Metab 2022; 55:101408. [PMID: 34856394 PMCID: PMC8717603 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peripheral neuropathy is the most common and debilitating complication of type 2 diabetes, leading to sensory loss, dysautonomia, hyperalgesia, and spontaneous noxious sensations. Despite the clinical and economic burden of diabetic neuropathy, no effective treatment is available. More preclinical research must be conducted in order to gain further understanding of the aetiology of the disease and elucidate new therapeutic targets. METHODS The proteome of lumbar dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve of BKS-db/db mice, which contain a mutation of the leptin receptor and are an established type 2 diabetes model, was characterized for the first time by tandem mass tag labelling and mass spectrometry analysis. RESULTS Proteomic analysis showed differentially expressed proteins grouped into functional clusters in db/db peripheral nerves compared to control mice, underlining reduced glycolytic and TCA cycle metabolism, higher lipid catabolism, upregulation of muscle-like proteins in DRG and downregulation in SCN, increased cytoskeleton-related proteins, a mild dysregulation of folding chaperones, activation of acute-phase and inflammatory response, and alterations in glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress related proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our data validate previous transcriptomic and metabolomic results and uncover new pathways altered in diabetic neuropathy. Our results point out that energetic deficiency could represent the main mechanism of neurodegeneration observed in diabetic neuropathy. These findings may provide important information to select appropriate targets to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Leal-Julià
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge J Vilches
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Onieva
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Verdés
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángela Sánchez
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Chillón
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Assumpció Bosch
- Institute of Neurosciences, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Bodden C, Pang TY, Feng Y, Mridha F, Kong G, Li S, Watt MJ, Reichelt AC, Hannan AJ. Intergenerational effects of a paternal Western diet during adolescence on offspring gut microbiota, stress reactivity, and social behavior. FASEB J 2021; 36:e21981. [PMID: 34907601 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100920rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The global consumption of highly processed, calorie-dense foods has contributed to an epidemic of overweight and obesity, along with negative consequences for metabolic dysfunction and disease susceptibility. As it becomes apparent that overweight and obesity have ripple effects through generations, understanding of the processes involved is required, in both maternal and paternal epigenetic inheritance. We focused on the patrilineal effects of a Western-style high-fat (21%) and high-sugar (34%) diet (WD) compared to control diet (CD) during adolescence and investigated F0 and F1 mice for physiological and behavioral changes. F0 males (fathers) showed increased body weight, impaired glycemic control, and decreased attractiveness to females. Paternal WD caused significant phenotypic changes in F1 offspring, including higher body weights of pups, increased Actinobacteria abundance in the gut microbiota (ascertained using 16S microbiome profiling), a food preference for WD pellets, increased male dominance and attractiveness to females, as well as decreased behavioral despair. These results collectively demonstrate the long-term intergenerational effects of a Western-style diet during paternal adolescence. The behavioral and physiological alterations in F1 offspring provide evidence of adaptive paternal programming via epigenetic inheritance. These findings have important implications for understanding paternally mediated intergenerational inheritance, and its relevance to offspring health and disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Bodden
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence Y Pang
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yingshi Feng
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Faria Mridha
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geraldine Kong
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy C Reichelt
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony J Hannan
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Interactions between insulin and exercise. Biochem J 2021; 478:3827-3846. [PMID: 34751700 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between insulin and exercise is an example of balancing and modifying the effects of two opposing metabolic regulatory forces under varying conditions. While insulin is secreted after food intake and is the primary hormone increasing glucose storage as glycogen and fatty acid storage as triglycerides, exercise is a condition where fuel stores need to be mobilized and oxidized. Thus, during physical activity the fuel storage effects of insulin need to be suppressed. This is done primarily by inhibiting insulin secretion during exercise as well as activating local and systemic fuel mobilizing processes. In contrast, following exercise there is a need for refilling the fuel depots mobilized during exercise, particularly the glycogen stores in muscle. This process is facilitated by an increase in insulin sensitivity of the muscles previously engaged in physical activity which directs glucose to glycogen resynthesis. In physically trained individuals, insulin sensitivity is also higher than in untrained individuals due to adaptations in the vasculature, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. In this paper, we review the interactions between insulin and exercise during and after exercise, as well as the effects of regular exercise training on insulin action.
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12
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Hoene M, Kappler L, Kollipara L, Hu C, Irmler M, Bleher D, Hoffmann C, Beckers J, Hrabě de Angelis M, Häring HU, Birkenfeld AL, Peter A, Sickmann A, Xu G, Lehmann R, Weigert C. Exercise prevents fatty liver by modifying the compensatory response of mitochondrial metabolism to excess substrate availability. Mol Metab 2021; 54:101359. [PMID: 34695608 PMCID: PMC8671118 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Liver mitochondria adapt to high-calorie intake. We investigated how exercise alters the early compensatory response of mitochondria, thus preventing fatty liver disease as a long-term consequence of overnutrition. Methods We compared the effects of a steatogenic high-energy diet (HED) for six weeks on mitochondrial metabolism of sedentary and treadmill-trained C57BL/6N mice. We applied multi-OMICs analyses to study the alterations in the proteome, transcriptome, and lipids in isolated mitochondria of liver and skeletal muscle as well as in whole tissue and examined the functional consequences by high-resolution respirometry. Results HED increased the respiratory capacity of isolated liver mitochondria, both in sedentary and in trained mice. However, proteomics analysis of the mitochondria and transcriptomics indicated that training modified the adaptation of the hepatic metabolism to HED on the level of respiratory complex I, glucose oxidation, pyruvate and acetyl-CoA metabolism, and lipogenesis. Training also counteracted the HED-induced glucose intolerance, the increase in fasting insulin, and in liver fat by lowering diacylglycerol species and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in the livers of trained HED-fed mice, two mechanisms that can reverse hepatic insulin resistance. In skeletal muscle, the combination of HED and training improved the oxidative capacity to a greater extent than training alone by increasing respiration of isolated mitochondria and total mitochondrial protein content. Conclusion We provide a comprehensive insight into the early adaptations of mitochondria in the liver and skeletal muscle to HED and endurance training. Our results suggest that exercise disconnects the HED-induced increase in mitochondrial substrate oxidation from pyruvate and acetyl-CoA-driven lipid synthesis. This could contribute to the prevention of deleterious long-term effects of high fat and sugar intake on hepatic mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity. High-energy diet promotes mitochondrial respiration in liver independent of training. High-energy diet combined with training disconnects substrate oxidation from lipid synthesis. High-energy diet combined with training reduces complex I formation in the liver. Trained skeletal muscle unburdens the liver from substrate overload. Comprehensive resource of mitochondrial adaptations to high-energy diet and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hoene
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Lisa Kappler
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Laxmikanth Kollipara
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Chunxiu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Martin Irmler
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Bleher
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Hoffmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, 85354, Freising, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, 85354, Freising, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peter
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany; Medizinische Fakultät, Medizinische Proteom-Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Rainer Lehmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cora Weigert
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
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13
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Dutt M, Ng YK, Molendijk J, Karimkhanloo H, Liao L, Blazev R, Montgomery MK, Watt MJ, Parker BL. Western Diet Induced Remodelling of the Tongue Proteome. Proteomes 2021; 9:proteomes9020022. [PMID: 34066295 PMCID: PMC8163156 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tongue is a heavily innervated and vascularized striated muscle that plays an important role in vocalization, swallowing and digestion. The surface of the tongue is lined with papillae which contain gustatory cells expressing various taste receptors. There is growing evidence to suggest that our perceptions of taste and food preference are remodelled following chronic consumption of Western diets rich in carbohydrate and fats. Our sensitivity to taste and also to metabolising Western diets may be a key factor in the rising prevalence of obesity; however, a systems-wide analysis of the tongue is lacking. Here, we defined the proteomic landscape of the mouse tongue and quantified changes following chronic consumption of a chow or Western diet enriched in lipid, fructose and cholesterol for 7 months. We observed a dramatic remodelling of the tongue proteome including proteins that regulate fatty acid and mitochondrial metabolism. Furthermore, the expressions of several receptors, metabolic enzymes and hormones were differentially regulated, and are likely to provide novel therapeutic targets to alter taste perception and food preference to combat obesity.
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14
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Kapoor S, Subba P, Shenoy P S, Bose B. Sca1 + Progenitor Cells (Ex vivo) Exhibits Differential Proteomic Signatures From the Culture Adapted Sca1 + Cells (In vitro), Both Isolated From Murine Skeletal Muscle Tissue. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1754-1767. [PMID: 33742350 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein that is expressed in a sub-population of muscle stem and progenitor cell types. Reportedly, Sca-1 regulates the myogenic property of myoblasts and Sca-1-/- mice exhibited defective muscle regeneration. Although the role of Sca-1 in muscle development and maintenance is well-acknowledged, molecular composition of muscle derived Sca-1+ cells is not characterized. Here, we applied a high-resolution mass spectrometry-based workflow to characterize the proteomic landscape of mouse hindlimb skeletal muscle derived Sca-1+ cells. Furthermore, we characterized the impact of the cellular microenvironments on the proteomes of Sca-1+ cells. The proteome component of freshly isolated Sca-1+ cells (ex vivo) was compared with that of Sca-1+ cells expanded in cell culture (in vitro). The analysis revealed significant differences in the protein abundances in the two conditions reflective of their functional variations. The identified proteins were enriched in various biological pathways. Notably, we identified proteins related to myotube differentiation, myotube cell development and myoblast fusion. We also identified a panel of cell surface marker proteins that can be leveraged in future to enrich Sca-1+ cells using combinatorial strategies. Comparative analysis implicated the activation of various pathways leading to increased protein synthesis under in vitro condition. We report here the most comprehensive proteome map of Sca-1+ cells that provides insights into the molecular networks operative in Sca-1+ cells. Importantly, through our work we generated the proteomic blueprint of protein abundances significantly altered in Sca-1+ cells under ex vivo and in vitro conditions. The curated data can also be visualized at https://yenepoya.res.in/database/Sca-1-Proteomics .
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Affiliation(s)
- Saketh Kapoor
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Pratigya Subba
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Sudheer Shenoy P
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
| | - Bipasha Bose
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
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15
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Fritzen AM, Lundsgaard AM, Kiens B. Tuning fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle with dietary fat and exercise. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020; 16:683-696. [PMID: 32963340 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-0405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Both the consumption of a diet rich in fatty acids and exercise training result in similar adaptations in several skeletal muscle proteins. These adaptations are involved in fatty acid uptake and activation within the myocyte, the mitochondrial import of fatty acids and further metabolism of fatty acids by β-oxidation. Fatty acid availability is repeatedly increased postprandially during the day, particularly during high dietary fat intake and also increases during, and after, aerobic exercise. As such, fatty acids are possible signalling candidates that regulate transcription of target genes encoding proteins involved in muscle lipid metabolism. The mechanism of signalling might be direct or indirect targeting of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors by fatty acid ligands, by fatty acid-induced NAD+-stimulated activation of sirtuin 1 and/or fatty acid-mediated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Lactate might also have a role in lipid metabolic adaptations. Obesity is characterized by impairments in fatty acid oxidation capacity, and individuals with obesity show some rigidity in increasing fatty acid oxidation in response to high fat intake. However, individuals with obesity retain improvements in fatty acid oxidation capacity in response to exercise training, thereby highlighting exercise training as a potential method to improve lipid metabolic flexibility in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mæchel Fritzen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Lundsgaard
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Kiens
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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16
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Jacobson KR, Lipp S, Acuna A, Leng Y, Bu Y, Calve S. Comparative Analysis of the Extracellular Matrix Proteome across the Myotendinous Junction. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:3955-3967. [PMID: 32830507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The myotendinous junction is a highly interdigitated interface designed to transfer muscle-generated force to tendon. Understanding how this interface is formed and organized, as well as identifying tendon- and muscle-specific extracellular matrix (ECM), is critical for designing effective regenerative therapies to restore functionality to damaged muscle-tendon units. However, a comparative analysis of the ECM proteome across this interface has not been conducted. The goal of this study was to resolve the distribution of ECM proteins that are uniformly expressed as well as those specific to each of the muscle, tendon, and junction tissues. The soleus muscles from 5-month-old wild-type C57BL/6 mice were harvested and dissected into the central muscle (M) away from tendon, the junction between muscle and tendon (J) and the tendon (T). Tissues were processed by either homogenizing in guanidine hydrochloride or fractionating to isolate the ECM from more soluble intracellular components and then analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, we found that both tissue processing methods generated similar ECM profiles. Many ECM were found across the muscle-tendon unit, including type I collagen and associated fibril-regulating proteins. The ECM identified exclusively in M were primarily related to the basal lamina, whereas those specific to T and J tissue included thrombospondins and other matricellular ECM. Type XXII collagen (COL22A1) was restricted to J, and we identified COL5A3 as a potential marker of the muscle-tendon interface. Immunohistochemical analysis of key proteins confirmed the restriction of some basal lamina proteins to M, tenascin-C to T, and COL22A1 to J. COL5A3, PRELP, and POSTN were visualized in the tissue surrounding the junction, suggesting that these proteins play a role in stabilizing the interface. This comparative map provides a guide for tissue-specific ECM that can facilitate the spatial visualization of M, J, and T tissues and inform musculoskeletal regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Jacobson
- Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, 155 S. Grant Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sarah Lipp
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Andrea Acuna
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yue Leng
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ye Bu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sarah Calve
- Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program, 155 S. Grant Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado-Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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de Sousa Neto IV, Tibana RA, da Silva LGDO, de Lira EM, do Prado GPG, de Almeida JA, Franco OL, Durigan JLQ, Adesida AB, de Sousa MV, Ricart CAO, Damascena HL, Castro MS, Fontes W, Prestes J, Marqueti RDC. Paternal Resistance Training Modulates Calcaneal Tendon Proteome in the Offspring Exposed to High-Fat Diet. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:380. [PMID: 32656202 PMCID: PMC7325979 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in high-energy dietary intakes is a well-known risk factor for many diseases, and can also negatively impact the tendon. Ancestral lifestyle can mitigate the metabolic harmful effects of offspring exposed to high-fat diet (HF). However, the influence of paternal exercise on molecular pathways associated to offspring tendon remodeling remains to be determined. We investigated the effects of 8 weeks of paternal resistance training (RT) on offspring tendon proteome exposed to standard diet or HF diet. Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: sedentary fathers and trained fathers (8 weeks, three times per week, with 8–12 dynamic movements per climb in a stair climbing apparatus). The offspring were obtained by mating with sedentary females. Upon weaning, male offspring were divided into four groups (five animals per group): offspring from sedentary fathers were exposed either to control diet (SFO-C), or to high-fat diet (SFO-HF); offspring from trained fathers were exposed to control diet (TFO-C) or to a high-fat diet (TFO-HF). The Nano-LC-MS/MS analysis revealed 383 regulated proteins among offspring groups. HF diet induced a decrease of abundance in tendon proteins related to extracellular matrix organization, transport, immune response and translation. On the other hand, the changes in the offspring tendon proteome in response to paternal RT were more pronounced when the offspring were exposed to HF diet, resulting in positive regulation of proteins essential for the maintenance of tendon integrity. Most of the modulated proteins are associated to biological pathways related to tendon protection and damage recovery, such as extracellular matrix organization and transport. The present study demonstrated that the father’s lifestyle could be crucial for tendon homeostasis in the first generation. Our results provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in paternal intergenerational effects and potential protective outcomes of paternal RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Ramires Alsamir Tibana
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | - Eliene Martins de Lira
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Gleyce Pires Gonçalves do Prado
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Jeeser Alves de Almeida
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.,Research in Exercise and Nutrition in Health and Sports Performance-PENSARE, Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Octavio Luiz Franco
- Center for Proteomic and Biochemical Analyses, Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Universidade Católicade Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.,S-Inova Biotech, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Quaglioti Durigan
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Adetola B Adesida
- University of Alberta, Divisions of Orthopaedic Surgery and Surgical Research, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marcelo Valle de Sousa
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Carlos André Ornelas Ricart
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Hylane Luiz Damascena
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Mariana S Castro
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Marqueti
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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18
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Sanford JA, Nogiec CD, Lindholm ME, Adkins JN, Amar D, Dasari S, Drugan JK, Fernández FM, Radom-Aizik S, Schenk S, Snyder MP, Tracy RP, Vanderboom P, Trappe S, Walsh MJ, Adkins JN, Amar D, Dasari S, Drugan JK, Evans CR, Fernandez FM, Li Y, Lindholm ME, Nogiec CD, Radom-Aizik S, Sanford JA, Schenk S, Snyder MP, Tomlinson L, Tracy RP, Trappe S, Vanderboom P, Walsh MJ, Lee Alekel D, Bekirov I, Boyce AT, Boyington J, Fleg JL, Joseph LJ, Laughlin MR, Maruvada P, Morris SA, McGowan JA, Nierras C, Pai V, Peterson C, Ramos E, Roary MC, Williams JP, Xia A, Cornell E, Rooney J, Miller ME, Ambrosius WT, Rushing S, Stowe CL, Jack Rejeski W, Nicklas BJ, Pahor M, Lu CJ, Trappe T, Chambers T, Raue U, Lester B, Bergman BC, Bessesen DH, Jankowski CM, Kohrt WM, Melanson EL, Moreau KL, Schauer IE, Schwartz RS, Kraus WE, Slentz CA, Huffman KM, Johnson JL, Willis LH, Kelly L, Houmard JA, Dubis G, Broskey N, Goodpaster BH, Sparks LM, Coen PM, Cooper DM, Haddad F, Rankinen T, Ravussin E, Johannsen N, Harris M, Jakicic JM, Newman AB, Forman DD, Kershaw E, Rogers RJ, Nindl BC, Page LC, Stefanovic-Racic M, Barr SL, Rasmussen BB, Moro T, Paddon-Jones D, Volpi E, Spratt H, Musi N, Espinoza S, Patel D, Serra M, Gelfond J, Burns A, Bamman MM, Buford TW, Cutter GR, Bodine SC, Esser K, Farrar RP, Goodyear LJ, Hirshman MF, Albertson BG, Qian WJ, Piehowski P, Gritsenko MA, Monore ME, Petyuk VA, McDermott JE, Hansen JN, Hutchison C, Moore S, Gaul DA, Clish CB, Avila-Pacheco J, Dennis C, Kellis M, Carr S, Jean-Beltran PM, Keshishian H, Mani D, Clauser K, Krug K, Mundorff C, Pearce C, Ivanova AA, Ortlund EA, Maner-Smith K, Uppal K, Zhang T, Sealfon SC, Zaslavsky E, Nair V, Li S, Jain N, Ge Y, Sun Y, Nudelman G, Ruf-zamojski F, Smith G, Pincas N, Rubenstein A, Anne Amper M, Seenarine N, Lappalainen T, Lanza IR, Sreekumaran Nair K, Klaus K, Montgomery SB, Smith KS, Gay NR, Zhao B, Hung CJ, Zebarjadi N, Balliu B, Fresard L, Burant CF, Li JZ, Kachman M, Soni T, Raskind AB, Gerszten R, Robbins J, Ilkayeva O, Muehlbauer MJ, Newgard CB, Ashley EA, Wheeler MT, Jimenez-Morales D, Raja A, Dalton KP, Zhen J, Suk Kim Y, Christle JW, Marwaha S, Chin ET, Hershman SG, Hastie T, Tibshirani R, Rivas MA. Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC): Mapping the Dynamic Responses to Exercise. Cell 2020; 181:1464-1474. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Jang Y, Kwon I, Cosio-Lima L, Wirth C, Vinci DM, Lee Y. Endurance Exercise Prevents Metabolic Distress-induced Senescence in the Hippocampus. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 51:2012-2024. [PMID: 30998584 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic disorder such as obesity and type 2 diabetes caused by excess caloric intake is associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Endurance exercise (EXE) has been suggested to exert neuroprotective effects against the metabolic distress. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the exercise-induced neuroprotection have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether EXE-induced neuroprotection is associated with cellular senescence, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress using a mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat/high-fructose diet. METHODS C57BL/6 female mice (10 wk old) were randomly divided to three groups: normal chow diet group (CON, n = 11), high-fat diet/high-fructose (HFD/HF) group (n = 11), and high-fat diet/high-fructose + endurance exercise (HFD/HF + EXE) group (n = 11). HFD/HF + EXE mice performed treadmill running exercise for 60 min·d, 5 d·wk for 12 wk. RESULTS Our data showed that EXE ameliorated HFD/HF-induced weight gain, fasting blood glucose levels, and visceral fat gain. More importantly, HFD/HF diet promoted cellular senescence, whereas EXE reversed it, evidenced by a reduction in the levels of p53, p21, p16, beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), and lipofuscin. Furthermore, EXE prevented HFD/HF-induced neuroinflammation (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β) by inhibiting toll-like receptor 2 downstream signaling cascades (e.g., tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and c-Jun) in parallel with reduced reactive glial cells. This anti-inflammatory effect of EXE was associated with the reversion of HFD/HF-induced cellular oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Our study provides novel evidence that EXE-induced antisenescence against metabolic distress in the hippocampus may be a key neuroprotective mechanism, preventing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchul Jang
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Movement Sciences and Health, Usha Kundu, MD College of Health, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL
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20
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Proteomic profiles before and during weight loss: Results from randomized trial of dietary intervention. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7913. [PMID: 32404980 PMCID: PMC7220904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers have been associated with obesity, but little is known about how they change upon dietary intervention and concomitant weight loss. Further, protein biomarkers might be useful for predicting weight loss in overweight and obese individuals. We performed secondary analyses in the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) randomized intervention trial that included healthy 609 adults (18–50 years old) with BMI 28–40 kg/m2, to evaluate associations between circulating protein biomarkers and BMI at baseline, during a weight loss diet intervention, and to assess predictive potential of baseline blood proteins on weight loss. We analyzed 263 plasma proteins at baseline and 6 months into the intervention using the Olink Proteomics CVD II, CVD III and Inflammation arrays. BMI was assessed at baseline, after 3 and 6 months of dietary intervention. At baseline, 102 of the examined inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers were associated with BMI (>90% with successful replication in 1,584 overweight/obese individuals from a community-based cohort study) and 130 tracked with weight loss shedding light into the pathophysiology of obesity. However, out of 263 proteins analyzed at baseline, only fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) predicted weight loss, and none helped individualize dietary assignment.
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21
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Housing temperature influences exercise training adaptations in mice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1560. [PMID: 32214091 PMCID: PMC7096511 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15311-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise training is a powerful means to combat metabolic diseases. Mice are extensively used to investigate the benefits of exercise, but mild cold stress induced by ambient housing temperatures may confound translation to humans. Thermoneutral housing is a strategy to make mice more metabolically similar to humans but its effects on exercise adaptations are unknown. Here we show that thermoneutral housing blunts exercise-induced improvements in insulin action in muscle and adipose tissue and reduces the effects of training on energy expenditure, body composition, and muscle and adipose tissue protein expressions. Thus, many reported effects of exercise training in mice are likely secondary to metabolic stress of ambient housing temperature, making it challenging to translate to humans. We conclude that adaptations to exercise training in mice critically depend upon housing temperature. Our findings underscore housing temperature as a critical parameter in the design and interpretation of murine exercise training studies. Exercise has been shown to be an effective approach to ameliorate metabolic disease in mice housed at ambient temperatures, a condition of mild cold stress to mice. Here the authors show that molecular and metabolic adaptations to exercise are blunted when mice are housed in thermoneutral conditions.
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22
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Sylow L, Richter EA. Current advances in our understanding of exercise as medicine in metabolic disease. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Glucose Transport and Glucose Metabolism by Exercise Training. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102432. [PMID: 31614762 PMCID: PMC6835691 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training and resistance exercise training are both well-known for their ability to improve human health; especially in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, there are critical differences between these two main forms of exercise training and the adaptations that they induce in the body that may account for their beneficial effects. This article reviews the literature and highlights key gaps in our current understanding of the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise training on the regulation of systemic glucose homeostasis, skeletal muscle glucose transport and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism.
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24
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Houdebine L, D'Amico D, Bastin J, Chali F, Desseille C, Rumeau V, Soukkari J, Oudot C, Rouquet T, Bariohay B, Roux J, Sapaly D, Weill L, Lopes P, Djouadi F, Bezier C, Charbonnier F, Biondi O. Low-Intensity Running and High-Intensity Swimming Exercises Differentially Improve Energy Metabolism in Mice With Mild Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1258. [PMID: 31632295 PMCID: PMC6781613 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of spinal-cord motor-neurons, is caused by mutations on Survival-of-Motor Neuron (SMN)-1 gene. The expression of SMN2, a SMN1 gene copy, partially compensates for SMN1 disruption due to exon-7 excision in 90% of transcripts subsequently explaining the strong clinical heterogeneity. Several alterations in energy metabolism, like glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia, have been reported in SMA at both systemic and cellular level, prompting questions about the potential role of energy homeostasis and/or production involvement in disease progression. In this context, we have recently reported the tolerance of mild SMA-like mice (SmnΔ7/Δ7; huSMN2+/+) to 10 months of low-intensity running or high-intensity swimming exercise programs, respectively involving aerobic and a mix aerobic/anaerobic muscular metabolic pathways. Here, we investigated whether those exercise-induced benefits were associated with an improvement in metabolic status in mild SMA-like mice. We showed that untrained SMA-like mice exhibited a dysregulation of lipid metabolism with an enhancement of lipogenesis and adipocyte deposits when compared to control mice. Moreover, they displayed a high oxygen consumption and energy expenditure through β-oxidation increase yet for the same levels of spontaneous activity. Interestingly, both exercises significantly improved lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis in SMA-like mice, and enhanced oxygen consumption efficiency with the maintenance of a high oxygen consumption for higher levels of spontaneous activity. Surprisingly, more significant effects were obtained with the high-intensity swimming protocol with the maintenance of high lipid oxidation. Finally, when combining electron microscopy, respiratory chain complexes expression and enzymatic activity measurements in muscle mitochondria, we found that (1) a muscle-specific decreased in enzymatic activity of respiratory chain I, II, and IV complexes for equal amount of mitochondria and complexes expression and (2) a significant decline in mitochondrial maximal oxygen consumption, were reduced by both exercise programs. Most of the beneficial effects were obtained with the high-intensity swimming protocol. Taking together, our data support the hypothesis that active physical exercise, including high-intensity protocols, induces metabolic adaptations at both systemic and cellular levels, providing further evidence for its use in association with SMN-overexpressing therapies, in the long-term care of SMA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Houdebine
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Domenico D'Amico
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jean Bastin
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Farah Chali
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Céline Desseille
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Valentin Rumeau
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Judy Soukkari
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Carole Oudot
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Thaïs Rouquet
- Biomeostasis CRO, Nutritional Behavior and Metabolic Disorders, La Penne-sur-Huveaune, France
| | - Bruno Bariohay
- Biomeostasis CRO, Nutritional Behavior and Metabolic Disorders, La Penne-sur-Huveaune, France
| | - Julien Roux
- Biomeostasis CRO, Nutritional Behavior and Metabolic Disorders, La Penne-sur-Huveaune, France
| | - Delphine Sapaly
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Laure Weill
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lopes
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,UFR STAPS, Université d'Evry Val-d'Essonne, Evry, France
| | - Fatima Djouadi
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Cynthia Bezier
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Charbonnier
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Biondi
- UMR-S1124, INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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25
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Agudelo LZ, Ferreira DMS, Dadvar S, Cervenka I, Ketscher L, Izadi M, Zhengye L, Furrer R, Handschin C, Venckunas T, Brazaitis M, Kamandulis S, Lanner JT, Ruas JL. Skeletal muscle PGC-1α1 reroutes kynurenine metabolism to increase energy efficiency and fatigue-resistance. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2767. [PMID: 31235694 PMCID: PMC6591322 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The coactivator PGC-1α1 is activated by exercise training in skeletal muscle and promotes fatigue-resistance. In exercised muscle, PGC-1α1 enhances the expression of kynurenine aminotransferases (Kats), which convert kynurenine into kynurenic acid. This reduces kynurenine-associated neurotoxicity and generates glutamate as a byproduct. Here, we show that PGC-1α1 elevates aspartate and glutamate levels and increases the expression of glycolysis and malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) genes. These interconnected processes improve energy utilization and transfer fuel-derived electrons to mitochondrial respiration. This PGC-1α1-dependent mechanism allows trained muscle to use kynurenine metabolism to increase the bioenergetic efficiency of glucose oxidation. Kat inhibition with carbidopa impairs aspartate biosynthesis, mitochondrial respiration, and reduces exercise performance and muscle force in mice. Our findings show that PGC-1α1 activates the MAS in skeletal muscle, supported by kynurenine catabolism, as part of the adaptations to endurance exercise. This crosstalk between kynurenine metabolism and the MAS may have important physiological and clinical implications. PGC-1α is activated by exercise and promotes resistance to fatigue in muscles. Here, the authors show that PGC-1α activates the malate-aspartate shuttle, and allows muscle to utilise kynurenine, leading to more efficient glucose oxidation and mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Z Agudelo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Duarte M S Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shamim Dadvar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Ketscher
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manizheh Izadi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liu Zhengye
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Regula Furrer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Handschin
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Venckunas
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Brazaitis
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Kamandulis
- Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum C5, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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26
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Abstract
Focusing on daily nutrition is important for athletes to perform and adapt optimally to exercise training. The major roles of an athlete's daily diet are to supply the substrates needed to cover the energy demands for exercise, to ensure quick recovery between exercise bouts, to optimize adaptations to exercise training, and to stay healthy. The major energy substrates for exercising skeletal muscles are carbohydrate and fat stores. Optimizing the timing and type of energy intake and the amount of dietary macronutrients is essential to ensure peak training and competition performance, and these strategies play important roles in modulating skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance and resistance training. In this review, recent advances in nutritional strategies designed to optimize exercise-induced adaptations in skeletal muscle are discussed, with an emphasis on mechanistic approaches, by describing the physiological mechanisms that provide the basis for different nutrition regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mæchel Fritzen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; , ,
| | - Anne-Marie Lundsgaard
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; , ,
| | - Bente Kiens
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; , ,
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27
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Dalbram E, Basse AL, Zierath JR, Treebak JT. Voluntary wheel running in the late dark phase ameliorates diet-induced obesity in mice without altering insulin action. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:993-1005. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00737.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction and Type 2 diabetes are associated with perturbed circadian rhythms. However, exercise appears to ameliorate circadian disturbances, as it can phase-shift or reset the internal clock system. Evidence is emerging that exercise at a distinct time of day can correct misalignments of the circadian clock and influence energy metabolism. This suggests that timing of exercise training can be important for the prevention and management of metabolic dysfunction. In this study, obese, high-fat diet-fed mice were subjected to voluntary wheel running (VWR) at two different periods of the day to determine the effects of time-of-day-restricted VWR on basal and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. VWR in the late dark phase reduced body weight gain compared with VWR in the beginning of the dark phase. Conversely, time-of-day-restricted VWR did not influence insulin action and glucose disposal, since skeletal muscle and adipose tissue glucose uptake and insulin signaling remained unaffected. Protein abundance of the core clock proteins, brain-muscle arnt-like 1 (BMAL1), and circadian locomotor output control kaput (CLOCK), were increased in skeletal muscle after VWR, independent of whether mice had access to running wheels in the early or late dark phase. Collectively, we provide evidence that VWR in the late dark phase ameliorates diet-induced obesity without altering insulin action or glucose homeostasis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exercise appears to ameliorate circadian disturbances as it can entrain the internal clock system. We provide evidence that voluntary wheel running increases core clock protein abundance and influences diet-induced obesity in mice in a time-of-day-dependent manner. However, the effect of time-of-day-restricted voluntary wheel running on body weight gain is not associated with enhanced basal- and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, suggesting that time-of-day-restricted voluntary wheel running affects energy homeostasis rather than glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Dalbram
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Astrid L. Basse
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juleen R. Zierath
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Integrative Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas T. Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ubaida-Mohien C, Gonzalez-Freire M, Lyashkov A, Moaddel R, Chia CW, Simonsick EM, Sen R, Ferrucci L. Physical Activity Associated Proteomics of Skeletal Muscle: Being Physically Active in Daily Life May Protect Skeletal Muscle From Aging. Front Physiol 2019; 10:312. [PMID: 30971946 PMCID: PMC6443906 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle strength declines with aging and increasing physical activity is the only intervention known to attenuate this decline. In order to adequately investigate both preventive and therapeutic interventions against sarcopenia, a better understanding of the biological changes that are induced by physical activity in skeletal muscle is required. To determine the effect of physical activity on the skeletal muscle proteome, we utilized liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry to obtain quantitative proteomics data on human skeletal muscle biopsies from 60 well-characterized healthy individuals (20-87 years) who reported heterogeneous levels of physical activity (not active, active, moderately active, and highly active). Over 4,000 proteins were quantified, and higher self-reported physical activity was associated with substantial overrepresentation of proteins associated with mitochondria, TCA cycle, structural and contractile muscle, and genome maintenance. Conversely, proteins related to the spliceosome, transcription regulation, immune function, and apoptosis, DNA damage, and senescence were underrepresented with higher self-reported activity. These differences in observed protein expression were related to different levels of physical activity in daily life and not intense competitive exercise. In most instances, differences in protein levels were directly opposite to those reported in the literature observed with aging. These data suggest that being physically active in daily life has strong and biologically detectable beneficial effects on muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceereena Ubaida-Mohien
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging - National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging - National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexey Lyashkov
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging - National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging - National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chee W Chia
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging - National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging - National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ranjan Sen
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging - National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging - National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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