1
|
Pagac MP, Stalder M, Campiche R. Menopause and facial skin microbiomes: a pilot study revealing novel insights into their relationship. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1353082. [PMID: 38577131 PMCID: PMC10991793 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1353082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: The human skin microbial composition is affected by age. Previous studies reported skin microbiome diversity shifts between elderly and significantly younger subjects. Some studies implied that menopausal status, which is inherently linked to age, could be associated with changes in skin microbial compositions. Nevertheless, the influence of menopausal status on skin microbiome profiles while minimizing the impact of aging-associated changes in skin parameters still needs further clarification. Methods: We performed an observational study on healthy Caucasian female volunteers, which were grouped according to their pre- or postmenopausal status. Bacterial community structures on facial skin were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Cutometer® measurements were performed to evaluate aging-associated changes in facial skin biophysical properties. Results: The relative abundance of the lipophilic Cutibacterium genus was decreased, and bacterial diversity was increased in skin samples of postmenopausal volunteers. The mean age difference between examined groups in this study was 12.4 years only. Accordingly, Cutometer® measurements revealed no differences in aging-associated skin biophysical parameters between pre- and postmenopausal groups. Consequently, no correlation was detected between Shannon diversity and measured age-dependent biomechanical properties of facial skin. Discussion: These findings are in line with previous studies, which investigated the wide-ranging impact of chronological aging on skin microbial communities. However, this work reports for the first time a direct association between menopausal status and facial microbiomes on skin of similarly aged study participants, and hence uncouples aging-associated skin biophysical parameters, such as viscoelastic properties, from the equation. These findings open avenues for the development of microbiome-targeting strategies for treatment of menopause-associated skin disorders.
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma L, Zhang H, Jia Q, Bai T, Yang S, Wang M, Li Y, Shao L. Facial Physiological Characteristics and Skin Microbiomes Changes are Associated with Body Mass Index (BMI). Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:513-528. [PMID: 38463558 PMCID: PMC10921894 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s447412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Overweight and obesity have become public health problems worldwide. An increasing number of research works are focusing on skin physiology and the manifestations of obesity-associated skin diseases, but little is known about the correlations between body mass index (BMI), facial skin physiological parameters, and the facial skin microbiome in healthy women. Objective To investigate the correlations between BMI, facial skin physiological parameters and facial bacteria and fungi in 198 women aged 18 to 35 years in Shanghai. Methods According to the international BMI standard and Chinese reference standard, subjects were divided into three groups, "lean" B1, "normal" B2 and "overweight" B3, and the physiological parameters of facial skin were measured by non-invasive instrumental methods, and the skin microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing. Results Compared with the skin physiological parameters of the normal group, those of the overweight group exhibited a significant increase in trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), which indicated that the skin barrier was impaired. The skin haemoglobin content was significantly increased, and skin surface pH was significant decreased in those with a high BMI. Furthermore, α-diversity, analysed using the Shannon, Chao, Sobs, and Ace indexes, was increased in the overweight group, suggesting that the diversity and species abundance of facial bacterial and fungal microbiota were also increased. Moreover, the overweight group had higher abundances of Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Malassezia, and Candida. Notably, skin surface pH was significantly and negatively correlated with the relative abundances of Malassezia, Candida, and Cladosporium. Besides, the abundance of Malassezia was positively associated with the abundances of Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium. Conclusion These results indicate that BMI is associated with differences in the biophysical properties and microbiome of the facial skin. A high BMI affects the integrity of skin barrier and changes the skin flora diversity and species composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laiji Ma
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwen Jia
- R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianming Bai
- R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Suzhen Yang
- R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Woo YR, Kim HS. Interaction between the microbiota and the skin barrier in aging skin: a comprehensive review. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1322205. [PMID: 38312314 PMCID: PMC10834687 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1322205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the microbes and the skin barrier holds pivotal significance in skin health and aging. The skin and gut, both of which are critical immune and neuroendocrine system, harbor microbes that are kept in balance. Microbial shifts are seen with aging and may accelerate age-related skin changes. This comprehensive review investigates the intricate connection between microbe dynamics, skin barrier, and the aging process. The gut microbe plays essential roles in the human body, safeguarding the host, modulating metabolism, and shaping immunity. Aging can perturb the gut microbiome which in turn accentuates inflammaging by further promoting senescent cell accumulation and compromising the host's immune response. Skin microbiota diligently upholds the epidermal barrier, adeptly fending off pathogens. The aging skin encompasses alterations in the stratum corneum structure and lipid content, which negatively impact the skin's barrier function with decreased moisture retention and increased vulnerability to infection. Efficacious restoration of the skin barrier and dysbiosis with strategic integration of acidic cleansers, emollients with optimal lipid composition, antioxidants, and judicious photoprotection may be a proactive approach to aging. Furthermore, modulation of the gut-skin axis through probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics emerges as a promising avenue to enhance skin health as studies have substantiated their efficacy in enhancing hydration, reducing wrinkles, and fortifying barrier integrity. In summary, the intricate interplay between microbes and skin barrier function is intrinsically woven into the tapestry of aging. Sound understanding of these interactions, coupled with strategic interventions aimed at recalibrating the microbiota and barrier equilibrium, holds the potential to ameliorate skin aging. Further in-depth studies are necessary to better understand skin-aging and develop targeted strategies for successful aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ri Woo
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hei Sung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Myers T, Bouslimani A, Huang S, Hansen ST, Clavaud C, Azouaoui A, Ott A, Gueniche A, Bouez C, Zheng Q, Aguilar L, Knight R, Moreau M, Song SJ. A multi-study analysis enables identification of potential microbial features associated with skin aging signs. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 4:1304705. [PMID: 38362046 PMCID: PMC10868648 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1304705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: During adulthood, the skin microbiota can be relatively stable if environmental conditions are also stable, yet physiological changes of the skin with age may affect the skin microbiome and its function. The microbiome is an important factor to consider in aging since it constitutes most of the genes that are expressed on the human body. However, severity of specific aging signs (one of the parameters used to measure "apparent" age) and skin surface quality (e.g., texture, hydration, pH, sebum, etc.) may not be indicative of chronological age. For example, older individuals can have young looking skin (young apparent age) and young individuals can be of older apparent age. Methods: Here we aim to identify microbial taxa of interest associated to skin quality/aging signs using a multi-study analysis of 13 microbiome datasets consisting of 16S rRNA amplicon sequence data and paired skin clinical data from the face. Results: We show that there is a negative relationship between microbiome diversity and transepidermal water loss, and a positive association between microbiome diversity and age. Aligned with a tight link between age and wrinkles, we report a global positive association between microbiome diversity and Crow's feet wrinkles, but with this relationship varying significantly by sub-study. Finally, we identify taxa potentially associated with wrinkles, TEWL and corneometer measures. Discussion: These findings represent a key step towards understanding the implication of the skin microbiota in skin aging signs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Myers
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Shi Huang
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Shalisa T. Hansen
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Cécile Clavaud
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | | | - Alban Ott
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | | | - Charbel Bouez
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, NJ, United States
| | - Qian Zheng
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, NJ, United States
| | - Luc Aguilar
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Magali Moreau
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, NJ, United States
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Se Jin Song
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu CCY, Lemoine J, Albert A, Whirter ÉM, Barrett RDH. Community assembly of the human piercing microbiome. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231174. [PMID: 38018103 PMCID: PMC10685111 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Predicting how biological communities respond to disturbance requires understanding the forces that govern their assembly. We propose using human skin piercings as a model system for studying community assembly after rapid environmental change. Local skin sterilization provides a 'clean slate' within the novel ecological niche created by the piercing. Stochastic assembly processes can dominate skin microbiomes due to the influence of environmental exposure on local dispersal, but deterministic processes might play a greater role within occluded skin piercings if piercing habitats impose strong selection pressures on colonizing species. Here we explore the human ear-piercing microbiome and demonstrate that community assembly is predominantly stochastic but becomes significantly more deterministic with time, producing increasingly diverse and ecologically complex communities. We also observed changes in two dominant and medically relevant antagonists (Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis), consistent with competitive exclusion induced by a transition from sebaceous to moist environments. By exploiting this common yet uniquely human practice, we show that skin piercings are not just culturally significant but also represent ecosystem engineering on the human body. The novel habitats and communities that skin piercings produce may provide general insights into biological responses to environmental disturbances with implications for both ecosystem and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles C. Y. Xu
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C4
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
| | - Juliette Lemoine
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C4
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Avery Albert
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C4
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
- Trottier Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2A7
| | | | - Rowan D. H. Barrett
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C4
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hülpüsch C, Rauer L, Nussbaumer T, Schwierzeck V, Bhattacharyya M, Erhart V, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Reiger M, Neumann AU. Benchmarking MicrobIEM - a user-friendly tool for decontamination of microbiome sequencing data. BMC Biol 2023; 21:269. [PMID: 37996810 PMCID: PMC10666409 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbiome analysis is becoming a standard component in many scientific studies, but also requires extensive quality control of the 16S rRNA gene sequencing data prior to analysis. In particular, when investigating low-biomass microbial environments such as human skin, contaminants distort the true microbiome sample composition and need to be removed bioinformatically. We introduce MicrobIEM, a novel tool to bioinformatically remove contaminants using negative controls. RESULTS We benchmarked MicrobIEM against five established decontamination approaches in four 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing datasets: three serially diluted mock communities (108-103 cells, 0.4-80% contamination) with even or staggered taxon compositions and a skin microbiome dataset. Results depended strongly on user-selected algorithm parameters. Overall, sample-based algorithms separated mock and contaminant sequences best in the even mock, whereas control-based algorithms performed better in the two staggered mocks, particularly in low-biomass samples (≤ 106 cells). We show that a correct decontamination benchmarking requires realistic staggered mock communities and unbiased evaluation measures such as Youden's index. In the skin dataset, the Decontam prevalence filter and MicrobIEM's ratio filter effectively reduced common contaminants while keeping skin-associated genera. CONCLUSIONS MicrobIEM's ratio filter for decontamination performs better or as good as established bioinformatic decontamination tools. In contrast to established tools, MicrobIEM additionally provides interactive plots and supports selecting appropriate filtering parameters via a user-friendly graphical user interface. Therefore, MicrobIEM is the first quality control tool for microbiome experts without coding experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hülpüsch
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
- Chair of Environmental Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- CK CARE, Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Luise Rauer
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
- Chair of Environmental Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Munich, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Nussbaumer
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Munich, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Vera Schwierzeck
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Munich, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Hygiene, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Madhumita Bhattacharyya
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
- Chair of Environmental Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Veronika Erhart
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
- Chair of Environmental Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- CK CARE, Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Munich, Augsburg, Germany
- ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Matthias Reiger
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
- Chair of Environmental Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Munich, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Avidan U Neumann
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Munich, Augsburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou W, Fleming E, Legendre G, Roux L, Latreille J, Gendronneau G, Forestier S, Oh J. Skin microbiome attributes associate with biophysical skin ageing. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1546-1556. [PMID: 37350224 PMCID: PMC11128091 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Two major arms of skin ageing are changes in the skin's biophysical conditions and alterations in the skin microbiome. This work partitioned both arms to study their interaction in detail. Leveraging the resolution provided by shotgun metagenomics, we explored how skin microbial species, strains and gene content interact with the biophysical traits of the skin during ageing. With a dataset well-controlled for confounding factors, we found that skin biophysical traits, especially the collagen diffusion coefficient, are associated with the composition and the functional potential of the skin microbiome, including the abundance of bacterial strains found in nosocomial infections and the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes. Our findings reveal important associations between skin biophysical features and ageing-related changes in the skin microbiome and generate testable hypotheses for the mechanisms of such associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory, Farmington CT, USA
| | | | | | - Lauriane Roux
- Biology and Clinical Department, Chanel F&B, Pantin, France
| | | | | | | | - Julia Oh
- The Jackson Laboratory, Farmington CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Murphy B, Hoptroff M, Arnold D, Cawley A, Smith E, Adams SE, Mitchell A, Horsburgh MJ, Hunt J, Dasgupta B, Ghatlia N, Samaras S, MacGuire-Flanagan A, Sharma K. Compositional Variations between Adult and Infant Skin Microbiome: An Update. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1484. [PMID: 37374986 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin and its commensal microbiome form the first layer of protection to the outside world. A dynamic microbial ecosystem of bacteria, fungi and viruses, with the potential to respond to external insult, the skin microbiome has been shown to evolve over the life course with an alteration in taxonomic composition responding to altered microenvironmental conditions on human skin. This work sought to investigate the taxonomic, diversity and functional differences between infant and adult leg skin microbiomes. A 16S rRNA gene-based metataxonomic analysis revealed significant differences between the infant and adult skin groups, highlighting differential microbiome profiles at both the genus and species level. Diversity analysis reveals differences in the overall community structure and associated differential predicted functional profiles between the infant and adult skin microbiome suggest differing metabolic processes are present between the groups. These data add to the available information on the dynamic nature of skin microbiome during the life course and highlight the predicted differential microbial metabolic process that exists on infant and adult skin, which may have an impact on the future design and use of cosmetic products that are produced to work in consort with the skin microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Murphy
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Michael Hoptroff
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK
| | - David Arnold
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Andrew Cawley
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Emily Smith
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Suzanne E Adams
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Alex Mitchell
- Eagle Genomics, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1DR, UK
| | - Malcolm J Horsburgh
- Institute of Infection Biology, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Joanne Hunt
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Kirti Sharma
- Unilever, North Rocks Road, North Rocks, NSW 2151, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
De Almeida CV, Antiga E, Lulli M. Oral and Topical Probiotics and Postbiotics in Skincare and Dermatological Therapy: A Concise Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1420. [PMID: 37374920 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin microbiota is a pivotal contributor to the maintenance of skin homeostasis by protecting it from harmful pathogens and regulating the immune system. An imbalance in the skin microbiota can lead to pathological conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne. The balance of the skin microbiota components can be disrupted by different elements and dynamics such as changes in pH levels, exposure to environmental toxins, and the use of certain skincare products. Some research suggests that certain probiotic strains and their metabolites (postbiotics) may provide benefits such as improving the skin barrier function, reducing inflammation, and improving the appearance of acne-prone or eczema-prone skin. Consequently, in recent years probiotics and postbiotics have become a popular ingredient in skincare products. Moreover, it was demonstrated that skin health can be influenced by the skin-gut axis, and imbalances in the gut microbiome caused by poor diet, stress, or the use of antibiotics can lead to skin conditions. In this way, products that improve gut microbiota balance have been gaining attention from cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies. The present review will focus on the crosstalk between the SM and the host, and its effects on health and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emiliano Antiga
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The dynamic balance of the skin microbiome across the lifespan. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:71-86. [PMID: 36606709 PMCID: PMC9988004 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
For decades research has centered on identifying the ideal balanced skin microbiome that prevents disease and on developing therapeutics to foster this balance. However, this single idealized balance may not exist. The skin microbiome changes across the lifespan. This is reflected in the dynamic shifts of the skin microbiome's diverse, inter-connected community of microorganisms with age. While there are core skin microbial taxa, the precise community composition for any individual person is determined by local skin physiology, genetics, microbe-host interactions, and microbe-microbe interactions. As a key interface with the environment, the skin surface and its appendages are also constantly exchanging microbes with close personal contacts and the environment. Hormone fluctuations and immune system maturation also drive age-dependent changes in skin physiology that support different microbial community structures over time. Here, we review recent insights into the factors that shape the skin microbiome throughout life. Collectively, the works summarized within this review highlight how, depending on where we are in lifespan, our skin supports robust microbial communities, while still maintaining microbial features unique to us. This review will also highlight how disruptions to this dynamic microbial balance can influence risk for dermatological diseases as well as impact lifelong health.
Collapse
|
11
|
Facial Skin Microbiome: Aging-Related Changes and Exploratory Functional Associations with Host Genetic Factors, a Pilot Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030684. [PMID: 36979663 PMCID: PMC10045008 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this exploratory study, we investigate the variation in the facial skin microbiome architecture through aging and their functional association with host genetic factors in a cohort of healthy women, living in the same area and without cutaneous diseases. Notably, facial skin microbiota (SM) samples were collected from a cohort of 15 healthy Caucasian females, firstly divided into three age groups (younger women aged 20–35 years old; middle aged women of 36–52 years old; and older women aged 53–68 years old). Then, the recruited cohort was divided into two groups based on their facial hydration level (dry and normal skin). The facial SM revealed a different composition in the three analyzed aging groups and between normal and dry skins. The middle-aged women also revealed functional variations associated with collagen biosynthesis and oxidative stress damage repair. Otherwise, the association between selected host SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and the facial SM profile showed significant associations, suggesting a negative correlation with collagen metabolism and ROS damage protection. Finally, the composition and functionality of the facial SM seemed to affect the aging process through the two aging-correlated pathways of host ROS damage repair and collagen metabolism. Our exploratory data could be useful for future studies characterizing the structure, function, and dynamics of the SM in the aging process to design personalized therapeutic agents focusing on potential genomic targets, microbes, and their metabolites.
Collapse
|
12
|
Smythe P, Wilkinson HN. The Skin Microbiome: Current Landscape and Future Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043950. [PMID: 36835363 PMCID: PMC9963692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our skin is the largest organ of the body, serving as an important barrier against the harsh extrinsic environment. Alongside preventing desiccation, chemical damage and hypothermia, this barrier protects the body from invading pathogens through a sophisticated innate immune response and co-adapted consortium of commensal microorganisms, collectively termed the microbiota. These microorganisms inhabit distinct biogeographical regions dictated by skin physiology. Thus, it follows that perturbations to normal skin homeostasis, as occurs with ageing, diabetes and skin disease, can cause microbial dysbiosis and increase infection risk. In this review, we discuss emerging concepts in skin microbiome research, highlighting pertinent links between skin ageing, the microbiome and cutaneous repair. Moreover, we address gaps in current knowledge and highlight key areas requiring further exploration. Future advances in this field could revolutionise the way we treat microbial dysbiosis associated with skin ageing and other pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paisleigh Smythe
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Holly N. Wilkinson
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Batten TJ, Gallacher S, Thomas WJ, Kitson J, Smith CD. C.acnes in the joint, is it all just a false positive? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY & TRAUMATOLOGY : ORTHOPEDIE TRAUMATOLOGIE 2023; 33:315-320. [PMID: 35031853 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-021-03186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutibacterium Acnes (C.acnes) has been linked to several shoulder pathologies. An alternative hypothesis suggests it only occurs in the joint secondary to previous instrumentation. Our hypothesis was patients with previous instrumentation would have C.acnes in their joint if it was in skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-six patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery had biopsies taken from the affected joint at the time of surgery, along with control biopsies of subdermal fat. The extended culture results were assessed and correlated to previous intervention. RESULTS 35% tested positive for C.acnes in their joint. 78% were male. 53% had absence of C.acnes in both skin and joint and 29% had presence in both (p = 0.0001). 15% with previous surgery had C.acnes. 53% with previous injection had C.acnes. 25% of patients with virgin joints had C.acnes. There was no statistical difference in the presence of C.acnes in the joint between those with previous instrumentation and without. CONCLUSION The significant factors for joint C.acnes were male sex and the presence of the bacteria in the fat. Previous instrumentation was not correlated with C.acnes in the joint. This raises the question of whether the process of biopsy itself may lead to inoculation of the joint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Batten
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK.
| | - Sian Gallacher
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - William J Thomas
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Jeffrey Kitson
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Christopher D Smith
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ageing at Molecular Level: Role of MicroRNAs. Subcell Biochem 2023; 102:195-248. [PMID: 36600135 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21410-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The progression of age triggers a vast number of diseases including cardiovascular, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Regardless of our plentiful knowledge about age-related diseases, little is understood about molecular pathways that associate the ageing process with various diseases. Several cellular events like senescence, telomere dysfunction, alterations in protein processing, and regulation of gene expression are common between ageing and associated diseases. Accumulating information on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) suggests targeting miRNAs can aid our understanding of the interplay between ageing and associated diseases. In the present chapter, we have attempted to explore the information available on the role of miRNAs in ageing of various tissues/organs and diseases and understand the molecular mechanism of ageing.
Collapse
|
15
|
Robert C, Cascella F, Mellai M, Barizzone N, Mignone F, Massa N, Nobile V, Bona E. Influence of Sex on the Microbiota of the Human Face. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122470. [PMID: 36557723 PMCID: PMC9786802 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the microbiota in health and disease has long been recognized and, so far, the cutaneous microbiota in humans has been widely investigated. The research regarded mainly the microbiota variations between body districts and disease skin states (i.e., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne). In fact, relatively little information is available about the composition of the healthy skin microbiota. The cosmetic industry is especially interested in developing products that maintain and/or improve a healthy skin microbiota. Therefore, in the present work, the authors chose to investigate in detail the structure and composition of the basal bacterial community of the face. Ninety-six cheek samples (48 women and 48 men) were collected in the same season and the same location in central northern Italy. Bacterial DNA was extracted, the 16S rDNA gene was amplified by PCR, the obtained amplicons were subjected to next generation sequencing. The principal members of the community were identified at the genus level, and statistical analyses showed significant variations between the two sexes. This study identified abundant members of the facial skin microbiota that were rarely reported before in the literature and demonstrated the differences between male and female microbiota in terms of both community structure and composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Robert
- R&D Department, Complife Italia c/a Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), 22100 Novara, Italy
- Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Federica Cascella
- R&D Department, Complife Italia c/a Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), 22100 Novara, Italy
- Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Marta Mellai
- Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Nadia Barizzone
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Flavio Mignone
- Department of Science and Technologic Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
- SmartSeq s.r.l., 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Nadia Massa
- Department of Science and Technologic Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nobile
- R&D Department, Complife Italia c/a Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), 22100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elisa Bona
- Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Eastern Piedmont, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (E.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jung DR, Yoo HY, Kim MJ, Singh V, Park SH, Jeong M, Park BJ, Shin JH. Comparative analysis of scalp and gut microbiome in androgenetic alopecia: A Korean cross-sectional study. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1076242. [PMID: 36578576 PMCID: PMC9791053 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1076242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a non-scarring and progressive form of hair loss occurring in both men and women. Although genetic predisposition and sex steroid hormones are the main causes, many factors remain unknown, and various extrinsic factors can negatively affect the lifespan of hair. We investigated skin-gut axis microorganisms as potential exogenous factors causing AGA, through comparative analyses of the scalp and gut microbiome in individuals with and without AGA in a Korean cohort. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we characterized the scalp and gut microbiomes of 141 individuals divided into groups by sex and presence of AGA. Alpha diversity indices in the scalp microbiome were generally higher in individuals with AGA than in healthy controls. These indices showed a strong negative correlation with scalp-inhabitant bacteria (Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus), indicating that the appearance of non-inhabitant bacteria increases as hair loss progresses. No significant differences in diversity were observed between the gut microbiomes. However, bacterial functional differences, such as bile acid synthesis and bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, which are related to intestinal homeostasis, were observed. The networks of the scalp and gut microbiome were more complex and denser with higher values of the network topology statistic coefficient values (i.e., transitivity, density, and degree centrality) and more unique associations in individuals with AGA than in healthy controls. Our findings reveal a link between skin-gut microorganisms and AGA, indicating the former's potential involvement in the latter's development. Additionally, these results provide evidence for the development of cosmetics and therapeutics using microorganisms and metabolites involved in AGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Ryung Jung
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye-Young Yoo
- Skin and Natural Products Lab, Kolmar Korea Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Vineet Singh
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sung-Ha Park
- Skin and Natural Products Lab, Kolmar Korea Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minsoo Jeong
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Jun Park
- Skin and Natural Products Lab, Kolmar Korea Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Byoung-Jun Park,
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea,Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea,NGS Core Facility, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea,Jae-Ho Shin,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Role of Senescent Cells in Cutaneous Wound Healing. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121731. [PMID: 36552241 PMCID: PMC9775319 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence has gained increasing attention in the field of aging research. Senescent cells have been implicated in biological aging processes, tumorigenesis, development, and wound repair amongst other processes and pathologies. Recent findings reveal that senescent cells can both promote and inhibit cutaneous wound healing processes. Relating senescent cells in acute and chronic wounds will help to clarify their role in wound healing processes and inform our understanding of senescent cell heterogeneity. To clarify this apparent contradiction and guide future research and therapeutic development, we will review the rapidly growing field of cellular senescence and its role in wound healing biology.
Collapse
|
18
|
Skin microbiota analysis in patients with anorexia nervosa and healthy-weight controls reveals microbial indicators of healthy weight and associations with the antimicrobial peptide psoriasin. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15515. [PMID: 36109548 PMCID: PMC9477808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN), a psychiatric condition defined by low body weight for age and height, is associated with numerous dermatological conditions. Yet, clinical observations report that patients with AN do not suffer from infectious skin diseases like those associated with primary malnutrition. Cell-mediated immunity appears to be amplified in AN; however, this proinflammatory state does not sufficiently explain the lower incidence of infections. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important components of the innate immune system protecting from pathogens and shaping the microbiota. In Drosophila melanogaster starvation precedes increased AMP gene expression. Here, we analyzed skin microbiota in patients with AN and age-matched, healthy-weight controls and investigated the influence of weight gain on microbial community structure. We then correlated features of the skin microbial community with psoriasin and RNase 7, two highly abundant AMPs in human skin, to clarify whether an association between AMPs and skin microbiota exists and whether such a relationship might contribute to the resistance to cutaneous infections observed in AN. We find significant statistical correlations between Shannon diversity and the highly abundant skin AMP psoriasin and bacterial load, respectively. Moreover, we reveal psoriasin significantly associates with Abiotrophia, an indicator for the healthy-weight control group. Additionally, we observe a significant correlation between an individual's body mass index and Lactobacillus, a microbial indicator of health. Future investigation may help clarify physiological mechanisms that link nutritional intake with skin physiology.
Collapse
|
19
|
Microbial Interplay in Skin and Chronic Wounds. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40588-022-00180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Microbial infections in chronic wounds can often lead to lower-limb amputation, decrease in quality of life, and increase in mortality rate, and there is an unmet need to distinguish between pathogens and colonisers in these chronic wounds. Hence, identifying the composition of healthy skin microbiota, microbes associated with chronic wound and healing processes, and microbial interactions and host response in healing wounds vs. non-healing wounds can help us in formulating innovative individual-centric treatment protocols.
Recent Findings
This review highlights various metabolites and biomarkers produced by microbes that have been identified to modulate these interactions, particularly those involved in host–microbe and microbe–microbe communication. Further, considering that many skin commensals demonstrate contextual pathogenicity, we provide insights into promising initiatives in the wound microbiome research.
Summary
The skin microbiome is highly diverse and variable, and considering its importance remains to be a hotspot of medical investigations and research to enable us to prevent and treat skin disorders and chronic wound infections. This is especially relevant now considering that non-healing and chronic wounds are highly prevalent, generally affecting lower extremities as seen in diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, and pressure ulcers. Pathogenic bacteria are purported to have a key role in deferring healing of wounds. However, the role of skin microflora in wound progression has been a subject of debate. In this review, we discuss biomarkers associated with chronic wound microenvironment along with the relevance of skin microflora and their metabolites in determining the chronicity of wounds.
Collapse
|
20
|
Papaccio F, D′Arino A, Caputo S, Bellei B. Focus on the Contribution of Oxidative Stress in Skin Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1121. [PMID: 35740018 PMCID: PMC9220264 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is one of the most evident signs of human aging. Modification of the skin during the life span is characterized by fine lines and wrinkling, loss of elasticity and volume, laxity, rough-textured appearance, and pallor. In contrast, photoaged skin is associated with uneven pigmentation (age spot) and is markedly wrinkled. At the cellular and molecular level, it consists of multiple interconnected processes based on biochemical reactions, genetic programs, and occurrence of external stimulation. The principal cellular perturbation in the skin driving senescence is the alteration of oxidative balance. In chronological aging, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced mainly through cellular oxidative metabolism during adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation from glucose and mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas in extrinsic aging, loss of redox equilibrium is caused by environmental factors, such as ultraviolet radiation, pollution, cigarette smoking, and inadequate nutrition. During the aging process, oxidative stress is attributed to both augmented ROS production and reduced levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic protectors. Apart from the evident appearance of structural change, throughout aging, the skin gradually loses its natural functional characteristics and regenerative potential. With aging, the skin immune system also undergoes functional senescence manifested as a reduced ability to counteract infections and augmented frequency of autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. This review proposes an update on the role of oxidative stress in the appearance of the clinical manifestation of skin aging, as well as of the molecular mechanisms that underline this natural phenomenon sometimes accelerated by external factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim OH, Choi BY, Kim DK, Kim NH, Rho JK, Sul WJ, Lee SW. The microbiome of lung cancer tissue and its association with pathological and clinical parameters. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2350-2362. [PMID: 35693079 PMCID: PMC9185621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recently, although the microbiome has emerged as the key modulator of the carcinogenesis, it has not been evaluated in lung cancer. Here, we evaluated the microbial composition of lung cancer tissues according to the histologic type and genetic mutation, compared it with that of the adjacent normal lung tissues, and investigated the association between the lung microbiome and clinical parameters. We collected lung tissue samples from 162 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, 162 cancer and 54 adjacent normal tissues), surgically resected between January 2018 and December 2019, and analyzed their microbiome using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, the QIIME2 pipeline, and statistical analyses. NSCLC tissues had significantly lower alpha diversity than the normal tissues, and their microbial composition differed according to the histologic type and cancer genetic mutation. The genera Romboutsia, Novosphingobium, Acinetobacter, and Prevotella were significantly overrepresented in NSCLC tissues. Alpha diversity steadily declined from a normal to a more advanced stage, and microbial compositional differences were noted along with recurrence. Stenotrophomonas was the most predominant genus in the NSCLC tissues of patients with recurrence. The pathways related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and L-glutamate and L-glutamine biosynthesis were predominant in adenocarcinoma, whereas those related to purine and pyrimidine nucleotide degradation and formaldehyde assimilation were predominant in squamous cell carcinoma. Our findings suggest that the altered lung cancer microbial composition might be associated with cancer initiation and/or progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ock-Hwa Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Allergy and Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong HospitalSejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Yun Choi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang UniversityAnseong, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kwan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Hyun Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Rho
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jun Sul
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang UniversityAnseong, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Won Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Potbhare R, RaviKumar A, Munukka E, Lahti L, Ashma R. Skin microbiota diversity among genetically unrelated individuals of Indian origin. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13075. [PMID: 35313523 PMCID: PMC8934042 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human skin harbors complex transient and resident microbial communities that show intra- & inter-individual variation due to various environmental and host-associated factors such as skin site, diet, age, gender, genetics, or the type and use of cosmetics. This variation remains largely uncharacterized in the Indian population; hence, the present study aims to characterize the variation in skin microbiota among individuals of Indian origin and quantify associations with age, diet, and geography. Methods Axillary sweat samples from genetically unrelated individuals (N = 58) residing in the three geographical locations of Maharashtra, India, were collected using a sterile cotton swab. Bacterial DNA was extracted using a standard protocol and checked for quality. Variable regions (V3-V4) of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using the Illumina platform. We used standard methods from microbiota bioinformatics, including alpha and beta diversity, community typing, and differential abundance, to quantify the association of skin microbiota with age, diet, and geographical location. Results Our study indicated the prevalence of phyla- Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, consistent with previous reports on skin microbiota composition of the world population level. The alpha diversity (Shannon index) was significantly associated with the age group (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.02), but not with geography (p = 0.62) or diet (p = 0.74). The overall skin microbiota community composition was significantly associated with geographical location based on Community State Types (CST) analysis and PERMANOVA (R2 = 0.07, p = 0.01). Differential abundance analysis at the genus level indicated a distinctively high abundance of Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium among individuals of the Pune district. Pseudomonas and Anaerococcus were abundant in individuals from Ahmednagar whereas, Paenibacillus, Geobacillus, Virgibacillus, Jeotgalicoccus, Pullulanibacillus, Delsulfosporomusa, Citinovibrio, and Calditerricola were abundant in individuals from Nashik district. Conclusion Our work provides one of the first characterizations of skin microbiota variation in different sub-populations in India. The analysis quantifies the level of individuality, as contrasted to the other factors of age, geography, and diet, thus helping to evaluate the applicability of skin microbiota profiles as a potential biomarker to stratify individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Potbhare
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ameeta RaviKumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Eveliina Munukka
- Microbiome Biobank, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Biocodex Nordics, Finland
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Richa Ashma
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Barcena ML, Aslam M, Pozdniakova S, Norman K, Ladilov Y. Cardiovascular Inflammaging: Mechanisms and Translational Aspects. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061010. [PMID: 35326461 PMCID: PMC8946971 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the major non-reversible risk factors for several chronic diseases, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, dementia, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and it is a key cause of multimorbidity, disability, and frailty (decreased physical activity, fatigue, and weight loss). The underlying cellular mechanisms are complex and consist of multifactorial processes, such as telomere shortening, chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of senescent cells, and reduced autophagy. In this review, we focused on the molecular mechanisms and translational aspects of cardiovascular aging-related inflammation, i.e., inflammaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Barcena
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (K.N.); (Y.L.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-525-359
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Justus Liebig University, Aulweg 129, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
- Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Clinic GmbH, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Sofya Pozdniakova
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (K.N.); (Y.L.)
- Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kristina Norman
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (K.N.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Nutrition & Gerontology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Yury Ladilov
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (K.N.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Hospital, Ladeburger Str. 17, 16321 Bernau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim HJ, Oh HN, Park T, Kim H, Lee HG, An S, Sul WJ. Aged related human skin microbiome and mycobiome in Korean women. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2351. [PMID: 35149745 PMCID: PMC8837753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06189-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined differences in the skin microbiome of two separate age groups to find key microbial and skin physiological indicators associated with aging. We recruited healthy Korean women 19–28 years old (Y-group) and 60–63 years old (O-group) and evaluated their cheek and forehead skin microbiome, including bacteria and fungi. The microbiome was significantly different by age group, with bacterial and fungal communities displaying higher alpha-diversity in the O-group than in the Y-group. We identified amplicon sequence variants affiliated with Cutibacterium and Lactobacillus and fungi Malassezia restricta as microbial biomarkers showing significant differences between the Y and O-group. There are more microbial communities and metabolic processes related to skin health in the Y-group than in the O-group, and there are more microbial interactions to increase the stability of the network structure of the skin. Skin physical metadata, including transepidermal water loss and sebum content, differed by two age groups. The crucial skin microbes, skin physical parameters, and microbial network found through this research will be useful key indicators in associating skin aging and skin microbiome research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Han Na Oh
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Taehun Park
- Safety Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Center, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hanbyul Kim
- Safety Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Center, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hyun Gee Lee
- Safety Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Center, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Susun An
- Safety Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Center, Yongin, South Korea.
| | - Woo Jun Sul
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Advances in Microbiome-Derived Solutions and Methodologies Are Founding a New Era in Skin Health and Care. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020121. [PMID: 35215065 PMCID: PMC8879973 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiome, as a community of microorganisms and their structural elements, genomes, metabolites/signal molecules, has been shown to play an important role in human health, with significant beneficial applications for gut health. Skin microbiome has emerged as a new field with high potential to develop disruptive solutions to manage skin health and disease. Despite an incomplete toolbox for skin microbiome analyses, much progress has been made towards functional dissection of microbiomes and host-microbiome interactions. A standardized and robust investigation of the skin microbiome is necessary to provide accurate microbial information and set the base for a successful translation of innovations in the dermo-cosmetic field. This review provides an overview of how the landscape of skin microbiome research has evolved from method development (multi-omics/data-based analytical approaches) to the discovery and development of novel microbiome-derived ingredients. Moreover, it provides a summary of the latest findings on interactions between the microbiomes (gut and skin) and skin health/disease. Solutions derived from these two paths are used to develop novel microbiome-based ingredients or solutions acting on skin homeostasis are proposed. The most promising skin and gut-derived microbiome interventional strategies are presented, along with regulatory, safety, industrial, and technical challenges related to a successful translation of these microbiome-based concepts/technologies in the dermo-cosmetic industry.
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen YJ, Weng YC. Skin microbiome in acne vulgaris, skin aging, and rosacea: An evidence-based review. DERMATOL SIN 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/ds.ds_28_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
27
|
Boyajian JL, Ghebretatios M, Schaly S, Islam P, Prakash S. Microbiome and Human Aging: Probiotic and Prebiotic Potentials in Longevity, Skin Health and Cellular Senescence. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124550. [PMID: 34960102 PMCID: PMC8705837 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the microbiome in human aging is important: the microbiome directly impacts aging through the gastrointestinal system. However, the microbial impact on skin has yet to be fully understood. For example, cellular senescence is an intrinsic aging process that has been recently associated with microbial imbalance. With age, cells become senescent in response to stress wherein they undergo irreversible growth arrest while maintaining high metabolic activity. An accumulation of senescent cells has been linked to various aging and chronic pathologies due to an overexpression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) comprised of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, proteases, lipids and extracellular matrix components. In particular, dermatological disorders may be promoted by senescence as the skin is a common site of accumulation. The gut microbiota influences cellular senescence and skin disruption through the gut-skin axis and secretion of microbial metabolites. Metabolomics can be used to identify and quantify metabolites involved in senescence. Moreover, novel anti-senescent therapeutics are warranted given the poor safety profiles of current pharmaceutical drugs. Probiotics and prebiotics may be effective alternatives, considering the relationship between the microbiome and healthy aging. However, further research on gut composition under a senescent status is needed to develop immunomodulatory therapies.
Collapse
|
28
|
Howard B, Bascom CC, Hu P, Binder RL, Fadayel G, Huggins TG, Jarrold BB, Osborne R, Rocchetta HL, Swift D, Tiesman JP, Song Y, Wang Y, Wehmeyer K, Kimball AB, Isfort RJ. Aging Associated Changes in the Adult Human Skin Microbiome and the Host Factors That Affect Skin Microbiome Composition. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1934-1946.e21. [PMID: 34890626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding changes in the skin microbiome and their relationship to host skin factors during aging remains largely unknown. To better understand this phenomenon, we collected samples for metagenomic and host skin factor analyses from forearm, buttock, and facial skin from 158 Caucasian females at 20-24, 30-34, 40-44, 50-54, 60-64, and 70-74 years of age. Metagenomics analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while host sebocyte gland area, skin lipids, natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) and anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) measurements were also performed. These analyses demonstrated that skin bacterial diversity increased at all the skin sites with increasing age. Of the bacterial genera with average relative abundance of >1%, only Lactobacillus and Cutibacterium demonstrated a significant change (decrease) in abundance at all sampled skin sites with increasing age. Additional bacterial genera demonstrated significant age and site-specific changes in abundance. Analysis of sebocyte area, NMFs, lipids and AMPs demonstrated an age-related decrease in sebocyte area and increases in NMFs/AMPs/skin lipids, all which correlated with changes in specific bacterial genera. In conclusion, the human skin microbiome undergoes age-associated alterations that may reflect underlying age-related changes in cutaneous biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Howard
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | | | - Ping Hu
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | | | - Gina Fadayel
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Dionne Swift
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | | | - Yuli Song
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Yu Wang
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Charting host-microbe co-metabolism in skin aging and application to metagenomics data. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258960. [PMID: 34758050 PMCID: PMC8580226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During aging of human skin, a number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors cause the alteration of the skin’s structure, function and cutaneous physiology. Many studies have investigated the influence of the skin microbiome on these alterations, but the molecular mechanisms that dictate the interplay between these factors and the skin microbiome are still not fully understood. To obtain more insight into the connection between the skin microbiome and the human physiological processes involved in skin aging, we performed a systematic study on interconnected pathways of human and bacterial metabolic processes that are known to play a role in skin aging. The bacterial genes in these pathways were subsequently used to create Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), which were applied to screen for presence of defined functionalities in both genomic and metagenomic datasets of skin-associated bacteria. These models were further applied on 16S rRNA gene sequencing data from skin microbiota samples derived from female volunteers of two different age groups (25–28 years (‘young’) and 59–68 years (‘old’)). The results show that the main bacterial pathways associated with aging skin are those involved in the production of pigmentation intermediates, fatty acids and ceramides. This study furthermore provides evidence for a relation between skin aging and bacterial enzymes involved in protein glycation. Taken together, the results and insights described in this paper provide new leads for intervening with bacterial processes that are associated with aging of human skin.
Collapse
|
30
|
Hwang BK, Lee S, Myoung J, Hwang SJ, Lim JM, Jeong ET, Park SG, Youn SH. Effect of the skincare product on facial skin microbial structure and biophysical parameters: A pilot study. Microbiologyopen 2021; 10:e1236. [PMID: 34713611 PMCID: PMC8494714 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Daily use of cosmetics is known to affect the skin microbiome. This study aimed to determine the bacterial community structure and skin biophysical parameters following the daily application of a skincare product on the face. Twenty-five Korean women, who used the same skincare product for four weeks participated in the study. During this period, skin hydration, texture, sebum content, and pH were measured, and skin swab samples were collected on the cheeks. The microbiota was analyzed using the MiSeq system. Through these experiments, bacterial diversity in facial skin increased and the microbial community changed after four weeks of skincare product application. The relative abundance of Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus increased, significant changes in specific bacterial modules of the skin microbial network were observed, and skin hydration and texture improved. It was suggested that daily use of skincare products could affect the microbial structure of facial skin as well as the biophysical properties of the facial skin. These findings expand our understanding of the role of skincare products on the skin environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sado Lee
- R&D CenterLG Household and Health Care LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Joonoh Myoung
- R&D CenterLG Household and Health Care LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | | | - Jun Man Lim
- R&D CenterLG Household and Health Care LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Eui Taek Jeong
- R&D CenterLG Household and Health Care LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sun Gyoo Park
- R&D CenterLG Household and Health Care LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sung Hun Youn
- R&D CenterLG Household and Health Care LtdSeoulSouth Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pistone D, Meroni G, Panelli S, D’Auria E, Acunzo M, Pasala AR, Zuccotti GV, Bandi C, Drago L. A Journey on the Skin Microbiome: Pitfalls and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9846. [PMID: 34576010 PMCID: PMC8469928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human skin microbiota is essential for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring barrier functions. Over the years, the characterization of its composition and taxonomic diversity has reached outstanding goals, with more than 10 million bacterial genes collected and cataloged. Nevertheless, the study of the skin microbiota presents specific challenges that need to be addressed in study design. Benchmarking procedures and reproducible and robust analysis workflows for increasing comparability among studies are required. For various reasons and because of specific technical problems, these issues have been investigated in gut microbiota studies, but they have been largely overlooked for skin microbiota. After a short description of the skin microbiota, the review tackles methodological aspects and their pitfalls, covering NGS approaches and high throughput culture-based techniques. Recent insights into the "core" and "transient" types of skin microbiota and how the manipulation of these communities can prevent or combat skin diseases are also covered. Finally, this review includes an overview of the main dermatological diseases, the changes in the microbiota composition associated with them, and the recommended skin sampling procedures. The last section focuses on topical and oral probiotics to improve and maintain skin health, considering their possible applications for skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Pistone
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (A.R.P.); (G.V.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Meroni
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences-One Health Unit, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Simona Panelli
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (A.R.P.); (G.V.Z.)
| | - Enza D’Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Miriam Acunzo
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Ajay Ratan Pasala
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (A.R.P.); (G.V.Z.)
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.P.); (A.R.P.); (G.V.Z.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center “Invernizzi”, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Drago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Taxonomic profiling of skin microbiome and correlation with clinical skin parameters in healthy Koreans. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16269. [PMID: 34381083 PMCID: PMC8358022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in skin microbiome differences by ethnicity, age, and gender is increasing. Compared to other ethnic groups, studies on the skin microbiome of Koreans remains insufficient; we investigated facial skin microbiome characteristics according to gender and age among Koreans. Fifty-one healthy participants were recruited, the facial skin characteristics of each donor were investigated, their skin bacterial DNA was isolated and metagenomic analysis was performed. The donors were divided into two groups for age and sex each to analyze their skin microbiomes. Moreover, we investigated the correlation between the skin microbiome and clinical characteristics. The alpha diversity of the skin microbiome was significantly higher in the elderly, and beta diversity was significantly different according to age. The comparative skin microbials showed that the genus Lawsonella was more abundant in the younger age group, and Enhydrobacter was predominant in the older age group. Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium were more abundant in males, while Lactobacillus was more abundant in females. Lawsonella had a negative correlation with skin moisture and brown spots. Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium both had negative correlations with the number of UV spots and positive correlations with transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Furthermore, Staphylococcus aureus had a negative correlation with skin moisture parameters.
Collapse
|
33
|
[The skin microbiome-useful for diagnosis and therapy?]. Hautarzt 2021; 72:579-585. [PMID: 34115159 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-021-04830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our skin is a very important and complex organ of the body. The microorganisms of the skin, the so-called microbiome, represent an important part of the healthy skin barrier and are influenced by various external and internal factors. AIM The question to what extent the skin microbiome represents a diagnostic or even therapeutic target in the context of skin diseases is discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was performed. RESULTS Several diseases are associated with negative alterations of the skin microbiome. In atopic dermatitis, a correlation between severity and increased availability of Staphylococcus aureus is known, with a loss of bacterial diversity on the skin. In the future, S. aureus will not only be used as a diagnostic marker in atopic dermatitis, but also represents a promising target as a predictive marker for therapeutic success. The role of the skin microbiome in psoriasis has not yet been researched in depth. However, there is evidence that dysbiosis of the skin microbiome contributes to the course of psoriasis and that there is a disturbance in immune tolerance in patients. In the case of acne, the involvement of Cutibacterium acnes in the clinical picture is well known; however, recent findings show that it is not sufficient to identify the species, but certain characteristics of C. acnes strains are associated. CONCLUSION Microbial biomarkers are currently only established in atopic dermatitis. For other diseases, this might be the case in the future; however combinations of microorganisms, single species and also strains with specific characteristics must be considered.
Collapse
|
34
|
Hartmann A, Hartmann C, Secci R, Hermann A, Fuellen G, Walter M. Ranking Biomarkers of Aging by Citation Profiling and Effort Scoring. Front Genet 2021; 12:686320. [PMID: 34093670 PMCID: PMC8176216 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.686320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging affects most living organisms and includes the processes that reduce health and survival. The chronological and the biological age of individuals can differ remarkably, and there is a lack of reliable biomarkers to monitor the consequences of aging. In this review we give an overview of commonly mentioned and frequently used potential aging-related biomarkers. We were interested in biomarkers of aging in general and in biomarkers related to cellular senescence in particular. To answer the question whether a biological feature is relevant as a potential biomarker of aging or senescence in the scientific community we used the PICO strategy known from evidence-based medicine. We introduced two scoring systems, aimed at reflecting biomarker relevance and measurement effort, which can be used to support study designs in both clinical and research settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christiane Hartmann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht-Kossel”, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
| | - Riccardo Secci
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht-Kossel”, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Walter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité –Berlin Institute of Health, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mast Cells and Skin and Breast Cancers: A Complicated and Microenvironment-Dependent Role. Cells 2021; 10:cells10050986. [PMID: 33922465 PMCID: PMC8146516 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are important sentinel cells in host defense against infection and major effector cells in allergic disease. The role of these cells in cancer settings has been widely debated. The diverse range of mast cell functions in both immunity and tissue remodeling events, such as angiogenesis, provides multiple opportunities for mast cells to modify the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we consider both skin and breast cancer settings to address the controversy surrounding the importance of mast cells in the host response to tumors. We specifically address the key mediators produced by mast cells which impact tumor development. The role of environmental challenges in modifying mast cell responses and opportunities to modify mast cell responses to enhance anti-tumor immunity are also considered. While the mast cell's role in many cancer contexts is complicated and poorly understood, the activities of these tissue resident and radioresistant cells can provide important opportunities to enhance anti-cancer responses and limit cancer development.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Human skin functions as a physical, chemical, and immune barrier against the external environment while also providing a protective niche for its resident microbiota, known as the skin microbiome. Cooperation between the microbiota, host skin cells, and the immune system is responsible for maintenance of skin health, and a disruption to this delicate balance, such as by pathogen invasion or a breach in the skin barrier, may lead to impaired skin function. Human skin functions as a physical, chemical, and immune barrier against the external environment while also providing a protective niche for its resident microbiota, known as the skin microbiome. Cooperation between the microbiota, host skin cells, and the immune system is responsible for maintenance of skin health, and a disruption to this delicate balance, such as by pathogen invasion or a breach in the skin barrier, may lead to impaired skin function. In this minireview, we describe the role of the microbiome in microbe, host, and immune interactions under distinct skin states, including homeostasis, tissue repair, and wound infection. Furthermore, we highlight the growing number of diverse microbial metabolites and products that have been identified to mediate these interactions, particularly those involved in host-microbe communication and defensive symbiosis. We also address the contextual pathogenicity exhibited by many skin commensals and provide insight into future directions in the skin microbiome field.
Collapse
|
37
|
Dysbiosis and Enhanced Beta-Defensin Production in Hair Follicles of Patients with Lichen Planopilaris and Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030266. [PMID: 33800045 PMCID: PMC7999846 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their distinct clinical manifestation, frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) and lichen planopilaris (LPP) display similar histopathologic features. Aberrant innate immune responses to endogenous or exogenous triggers have been discussed as factors that could drive inflammatory cascades and the collapse of the stem cell niche. In this exploratory study, we investigate the bacterial composition of scalp skin and plucked hair follicles (HF) of patients with FFA, LPP and alopecia areata circumscripta (AAc), as well as healthy individuals, in relation to cellular infiltrates and the expression of defense mediators. The most abundant genus in lesional and non-lesional HFs of LPP and FFA patients was Staphylococcus, while Lawsonella dominated in healthy individuals and in AAc patients. We observed statistically significant differences in the ratio of Firmicutes to Actinobacteria between healthy scalp, lesional, and non-lesional sites of FFA and LPP patients. This marked dysbiosis in FFA and LPP in compartments close to the bulge was associated with increased HβD1 and HβD2 expression along the HFs from lesional sites, while IL-17A was increased in lesional HF from AAc patients. The data encourage further studies on how exogenous factors and molecular interactions across the HF epithelium could contribute to disease onset and propagation.
Collapse
|
38
|
Carrieri AP, Haiminen N, Maudsley-Barton S, Gardiner LJ, Murphy B, Mayes AE, Paterson S, Grimshaw S, Winn M, Shand C, Hadjidoukas P, Rowe WPM, Hawkins S, MacGuire-Flanagan A, Tazzioli J, Kenny JG, Parida L, Hoptroff M, Pyzer-Knapp EO. Explainable AI reveals changes in skin microbiome composition linked to phenotypic differences. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4565. [PMID: 33633172 PMCID: PMC7907326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the human microbiome have been observed in a variety of conditions such as asthma, gingivitis, dermatitis and cancer, and much remains to be learned about the links between the microbiome and human health. The fusion of artificial intelligence with rich microbiome datasets can offer an improved understanding of the microbiome’s role in human health. To gain actionable insights it is essential to consider both the predictive power and the transparency of the models by providing explanations for the predictions. We combine the collection of leg skin microbiome samples from two healthy cohorts of women with the application of an explainable artificial intelligence (EAI) approach that provides accurate predictions of phenotypes with explanations. The explanations are expressed in terms of variations in the relative abundance of key microbes that drive the predictions. We predict skin hydration, subject's age, pre/post-menopausal status and smoking status from the leg skin microbiome. The changes in microbial composition linked to skin hydration can accelerate the development of personalized treatments for healthy skin, while those associated with age may offer insights into the skin aging process. The leg microbiome signatures associated with smoking and menopausal status are consistent with previous findings from oral/respiratory tract microbiomes and vaginal/gut microbiomes respectively. This suggests that easily accessible microbiome samples could be used to investigate health-related phenotypes, offering potential for non-invasive diagnosis and condition monitoring. Our EAI approach sets the stage for new work focused on understanding the complex relationships between microbial communities and phenotypes. Our approach can be applied to predict any condition from microbiome samples and has the potential to accelerate the development of microbiome-based personalized therapeutics and non-invasive diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paola Carrieri
- The Hartree Centre, Sci-Tech Daresbury, IBM Research, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.
| | - Niina Haiminen
- T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA
| | - Sean Maudsley-Barton
- The Hartree Centre, Sci-Tech Daresbury, IBM Research, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.,Department of Computing and Mathematics, Manchester Metropolitan University (MUU), Manchester, M15 6BH, UK
| | | | - Barry Murphy
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Andrew E Mayes
- Unilever Research and Development, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Sarah Paterson
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Sally Grimshaw
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Martyn Winn
- Scientific Computing Department, STFC Daresbury Lab, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK
| | - Cameron Shand
- The Hartree Centre, Sci-Tech Daresbury, IBM Research, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.,Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester (UoM), Manchester, M13 9LP, UK
| | | | | | - Stacy Hawkins
- Unilever Research & Development, Trumbull, CT, 06611, USA
| | | | - Jane Tazzioli
- Unilever Research & Development, Trumbull, CT, 06611, USA
| | - John G Kenny
- Institute of Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, The Bioscience Building, Liverpool, L697ZB, UK
| | - Laxmi Parida
- T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kim G, Kim M, Kim M, Park C, Yoon Y, Lim DH, Yeo H, Kang S, Lee YG, Beak NI, Lee J, Kim S, Kwon JY, Choi WW, Lee C, Yoon KW, Park H, Lee DG. Spermidine-induced recovery of human dermal structure and barrier function by skin microbiome. Commun Biol 2021; 4:231. [PMID: 33608630 PMCID: PMC7895926 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
An unbalanced microbial ecosystem on the human skin is closely related to skin diseases and has been associated with inflammation and immune responses. However, little is known about the role of the skin microbiome on skin aging. Here, we report that the Streptococcus species improved the skin structure and barrier function, thereby contributing to anti-aging. Metagenomic analyses showed the abundance of Streptococcus in younger individuals or those having more elastic skin. Particularly, we isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus infantis, and Streptococcus thermophilus from face of young individuals. Treatment with secretions of S. pneumoniae and S. infantis induced the expression of genes associated with the formation of skin structure and the skin barrier function in human skin cells. The application of culture supernatant including Streptococcal secretions on human skin showed marked improvements on skin phenotypes such as elasticity, hydration, and desquamation. Gene Ontology analysis revealed overlaps in spermidine biosynthetic and glycogen biosynthetic processes. Streptococcus-secreted spermidine contributed to the recovery of skin structure and barrier function through the upregulation of collagen and lipid synthesis in aged cells. Overall, our data suggest the role of skin microbiome into anti-aging and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gihyeon Kim
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Changho Park
- grid.508753.cGenome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin Yoon
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Hyeon Lim
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonju Yeo
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kang
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Geun Lee
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 17104 Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-In Beak
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 17104 Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology & Biocosmetics Research Center, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419 Suwon City, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Kim
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Kwon
- grid.249880.f0000 0004 0374 0039The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032 USA
| | - Won Woo Choi
- Wells Dermatology Clinic, 583 Shinsa-dong, Gangnam-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Charles Lee
- grid.249880.f0000 0004 0374 0039The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032 USA ,grid.255649.90000 0001 2171 7754Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, 03760 Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.452438.cThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Kyoung Wan Yoon
- grid.508753.cGenome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea ,grid.412238.e0000 0004 0532 7053Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea ,grid.508753.cGenome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Geol Lee
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dong K, Wu K, Zheng T, Yue J, Wang W, Luo R, You L, He X, Li J, Hong Z, Zuo H, Pei X. Comparative Study of Oral Bacteria and Fungi Microbiota in Tibetan and Chinese Han Living at Different Altitude. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2021; 254:129-139. [PMID: 34193764 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.254.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about the impact of altitude and ethnicity on human oral microbiota is currently limited. To obtain the baseline of normal salivary microbiota, we analyzed the bacteria and fungi composition in Tibetan (HY group) and Han population (CD group) living at different altitudes by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology combined with PICRUSt and FUNGuild analyses. There were significant differences in oral microbiota composition between the two groups at phylum and genus levels. At the phylum level, the HY group had higher relative abundances of Firmicutes and Ascomycota, whereas the Bacteroidetes and Basidiomycota in the CD group were richer. These changes at the phylum level reflected different dominant genus compositions. Compared with the Han population, Candida, Fusarium, Zopfiella, Streptococcus, Veillonella and Rothia in Tibetan were higher. Surprisingly, the Zopfiella was found almost exclusively in the Tibetan. The PICRUSt and FUNGuild analysis also indicated that the function of the bacterial and fungal communities was altered between the two groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that there are significant differences in oral microbial structure and metabolic characteristics and trophic modes among Tibetan and Han population living at different altitudes. We first established the oral microbiota framework and represented a critical step for determining the diversity of oral microbiota in the Tibetan and Han population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Dong
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Kunpeng Wu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Tianli Zheng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Ji Yue
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Weipeng Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Ruocheng Luo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Lan You
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Xun He
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Jingjing Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Zehui Hong
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Haojiang Zuo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| | - Xiaofang Pei
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University.,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Khmaladze I, Leonardi M, Fabre S, Messaraa C, Mavon A. The Skin Interactome: A Holistic "Genome-Microbiome-Exposome" Approach to Understand and Modulate Skin Health and Aging. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 13:1021-1040. [PMID: 33380819 PMCID: PMC7769076 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s239367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Higher demands on skin care cosmetic products for strong performance drive intense research to understand the mechanisms of skin aging and design strategies to improve overall skin health. Today we know that our needs and influencers of skin health and skin aging change throughout our life journey due to both extrinsic factors, such as environmental factors and lifestyle factors, as well as our intrinsic factors. Furthermore, we need to consider our microflora, a collection of micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, which is a living ecosystem in our gut and on our skin, that can have a major impact on our health. Here, we are viewing a holistic approach to understand the collective effect of the key influencers of skin health and skin aging both reviewing how each of them impact the skin, but more importantly to identify molecular conjunction pathways of these different factors in order to get a better understanding of the integrated “genome-microbiome-exposome” effect. For this purpose and in order to translate molecularly the impact of the key influencers of skin health and skin aging, we built a digital model based on system biology using different bioinformatics tools. This model is considering both the positive and negative impact of our genome (genes, age/gender), exposome: external (sun, pollution, climate) and lifestyle factors (sleep, stress, exercise, nutrition, skin care routine), as well as the role of our skin microbiome, and allowed us in a first application to evaluate the effect of the genome in the synthesis of collagen in the skin and the determination of a suitable target for boosting pro-collagen synthesis. In conclusion, we have, through our digital holistic approach, defined the skin interactome concept, as an advanced tool to better understand the molecular genesis of skin aging and further develop a strategy to balance the influence of the exposome and microbiome to protect, prevent, and delay the appearance of skin aging signs and preserve good skin health condition. In addition, this model will aid in identifying and optimizing skin treatment options based on external triggers, as well as helping to design optimal treatments modulating the intrinsic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ia Khmaladze
- Skin Research Institute, Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michele Leonardi
- Skin Research Institute, Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Fabre
- Skin Research Institute, Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cyril Messaraa
- Research and Development, Oriflame Cosmetics Ltd, Bray, Ireland
| | - Alain Mavon
- Skin Research Institute, Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zuo HJ, Fu MR, Zhao HL, Du XW, Hu ZY, Zhao XY, Ji XQ, Feng XQ, Zhumajiang W, Zhou TH, Tian YL, Pei XF, Yu R, Hu XY. Study on the Salivary Microbial Alteration of Men With Head and Neck Cancer and Its Relationship With Symptoms in Southwest China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:514943. [PMID: 33244461 PMCID: PMC7685052 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.514943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the association between oral microbes and head and neck cancer (HNC) as well as symptoms related to patients with HNC before surgical treatment. Fifty-six patients with HNC and 64 matched healthy controls were recruited from West China hospital in Southwest China. The demographic, clinical, and symptom data were collected. Salivary samples were collected to determine the microbial characteristics using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Patients with HNC presented increased Capnocytophaga abundances. The oral microbial markers as Capnocytophaga (area under the curve=0.81) achieved a high classification power between the HNC patients and healthy controls. Moreover, using Capnocytophaga in conjunction with symptom of voice/speech difficulty achieved an overall predicting accuracy of 92.5% comparing with using Capnocytophaga alone (79.2% accuracy) in distinguishing the HNC patients from healthy controls. Salivary microbial profiles and HNC symptoms may be potential biomarkers for HNC screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jiang Zuo
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei R. Fu
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Hui-Ling Zhao
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Wen Du
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zi-Yi Hu
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun-Ying Zhao
- West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Ji
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian-Qiong Feng
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wuerken Zhumajiang
- West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Hui Zhou
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Li Tian
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Pei
- West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Yu
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Hu
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li Z, Bai X, Peng T, Yi X, Luo L, Yang J, Liu J, Wang Y, He T, Wang X, Zhu H, Wang H, Tao K, Zheng Z, Su L, Hu D. New Insights Into the Skin Microbial Communities and Skin Aging. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:565549. [PMID: 33193154 PMCID: PMC7649423 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.565549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is well-known that human skin aging is accompanied by an alteration in the skin microbiota, we know little about how the composition of these changes during the course of aging and the effects of age-related skin microbes on aging. Using 16S ribosomal DNA and internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequencing to profile the microbiomes of 160 skin samples from two anatomical sites, the cheek and the abdomen, on 80 individuals of varying ages, we developed age-related microbiota profiles for both intrinsic skin aging and photoaging to provide an improved understanding of the age-dependent variation in skin microbial composition. According to the landscape, the microbial composition in the Children group was significantly different from that in the other age groups. Further correlation analysis with clinical parameters and functional prediction in each group revealed that high enrichment of nine microbial communities (i.e., Cyanobacteria, Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, Lactobacillus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Candida, and Malassezia) and 18 pathways (such as biosynthesis of antibiotics) potentially affected skin aging, implying that skin microbiomes may perform key functions in skin aging by regulating the immune response, resistance to ultraviolet light, and biosynthesis and metabolism of age-related substances. Our work re-establishes that skin microbiomes play an important regulatory role in the aging process and opens a new approach for targeted microbial therapy for skin aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaozhi Bai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tingwei Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaowei Yi
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jizhong Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yunchuan Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ting He
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xujie Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huayu Zhu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ke Tao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhao Zheng
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Linlin Su
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lee GE, Kim JJ, Kim HS, Sul WJ. Metagenomic analysis of the dust particles collected from the suction tube and the suction funnel of a dermatological laser smoke evacuator system. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:1249-1260. [PMID: 33079312 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, there has essentially been an explosion in the use of lasers in medicine, especially in the area of cosmetic dermatology. Potentially harmful substances are liberated when tissues are vaporized with laser. This creates numerous risks, including the spread of infectious disease. Smoke evacuators are devices that capture and filter laser plume, thereby maintaining a safe environment for the surgical team and patient. Our aim was to characterize the microbial community structure within the suction tube and funnel of the smoke evacuator system, identify their origin, and evaluate pathogenicity. Dust particles were collected from the instruments with a cotton swab. DNA was extracted from the swabs and the transport media, and sequencing was performed using the Illumina HiSeq Xplatform. Metagenomic analysis was conducted using the Empowering the Development of Genomics Expertise (EDGE) Bioinformatics pipeline and custom Python scripts. The most abundant bacterial species were Micrococcus luteus and Brevibacterium casei in the suction tube, and Dermacoccus sp. Ellin 185 and Janibacter hoylei in the suction funnel. A total of 15 medium- to high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were constructed where we found 104 antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) and 741 virulence factors. Findings indicate that the suction tube and funnel are likely a reservoir of virulence factor genes and ARGs, which can possibly be passed on to other bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. We would like to emphasize the health risk these microorganisms pose and the need to reevaluate the current hygiene standards with regard to the smoke evacuator system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Eun Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jin Ju Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Hei Sung Kim
- Dr Philip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA. .,Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, South Korea.
| | - Woo Jun Sul
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wu Y, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Ruan L, Li A, Liu X. Microbiome in Healthy Women Between Two Districts With Different Air Quality Index. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:548618. [PMID: 33193129 PMCID: PMC7604314 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.548618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the diversity and abundance of skin microbiome are mainly determined by intrinsic factors, including gender, age, anatomical site, and ethnicity, we question whether facial microbiome could be affected by long-term exposure to airborne pollution. Using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing, we analyzed the facial bacterial microbiome of healthy and young Chinese women (25–35 years old) between two districts with different air quality indices (AQIs) in Zhejiang Province. The overall microbiome structure was obviously different between these two districts. It revealed an increase in both the abundance and diversity of facial bacterial microbiome in Hangzhou (HZ) with higher AQI compared with those in Yunhe (YH) with lower AQI. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and Lefse analysis identified a total of 45 genera showing significant overrepresentation in the HZ group. Furthermore, PICRUSt analysis showed that functional pathways associated with metabolism of saturated fatty acid were relatively more predominant in the HZ group, whereas those with DNA repair or mitochondrial DNA replication were more predominant in the YH group. Our present data can provide useful information for further researches on the composition and function of the skin microbiome related to air pollution factors as well as for the development of therapeutic agents targeting the microbes and their metabolites to resist damages of airborne pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zujin Wang
- Department of the Second General Surgeon, The Yunhe People's Hospital, Yunhe, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liming Ruan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ang Li
- Physician Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Henan Gene Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
A New Benchmark to Determine What Healthy Western Skin Looks Like in Terms of Biodiversity Using Standardised Methodology. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant loss of microbial biodiversity on the skin has been linked to an increased prevalence of skin problems in the western world. The primary objective of this study was to obtain a benchmark value for the microbial diversity found on healthy western skin, using the Chao1 index. This benchmark was used to update our 2017 skin health measuring mechanism in line with standardised methodology. It used 50 human participants from Graz in Austria and at a read depth of 6600 sequences, we found the average Chao1 diversity to be ~180, with upper and lower quartiles of ~208 and ~150, respectively. Previous work with a larger sample size was unsatisfactory to use as a benchmark because different diversity indices and evaluation methodologies were used. The Medical University of Graz used the most recent version of the Chao1 index to obtain diversity results. Because of this study, we can transfer other benchmarks of skin microbiome diversity to the methodology used in this work from our 2017 study, such as “unhealthy western skin” and “caveman/perfect skin”. This could aid with the diagnostic assessment of susceptibility to cutaneous conditions or diseases and treatment. We also investigated the effect of sex and age, which are two known skin microbiome affecting factors. Although no statistical significance is seen for sex- and age-related changes in diversity, there appear to be changes related to both. Our preliminary results (10 in each of the five age groups) show adults aged 28–37 have the highest average diversity, and adults aged 48–57 have the lowest average diversity. In future work, this could be improved by obtaining benchmark diversity values from a larger sample size for any age, sex, body site, and area of residence, to which subjects can be compared. These improvements could help to investigate the ultimate question regarding which environmental factors in the western world are the main cause of the huge rise in skin problems. This could lead to future restrictions of certain synthetic chemicals or products found to be particularly harmful to the skin.
Collapse
|
47
|
Kim M, Park T, Yun JI, Lim HW, Han NR, Lee ST. Investigation of Age-Related Changes in the Skin Microbiota of Korean Women. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101581. [PMID: 33066632 PMCID: PMC7602415 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota of human skin is influenced by host and environmental factors. To determine if chronological age influences the composition of the skin microbiota on the forehead and hands, 73 Korean women were sorted into one of three age groups: (1) 10-29 years (n = 24), (2) 30-49 years (n = 21), and (3) 50-79 years (n = 28). From the 73 women, 146 skin samples (two skin sites per person) were collected. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was then conducted to analyze the skin microbiota. The overall microbial distribution varied on the forehead but was similar on the hands across the three age groups. In addition, the composition of the skin microbiota differed between the forehead and hands. Commensal microbiota, such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, and Corynebacterium, which contribute to maintaining skin health via dominant occupation, were affected by increasing age on forehead and hand skin. Alpha diversity indices increased significantly with age on forehead skin. This study indicates that older people may be more susceptible to pathogenic invasions due to an imbalanced skin microbiota resulting from age-related changes. The results of our study may help develop new strategies to rebalance skin microbiota shifted during aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Tansol Park
- US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | | | - Hye Won Lim
- Shebah Biotech Inc., Chuncheon 24398, Korea;
| | - Na Rae Han
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- KustoGen Inc., Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
- Department of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-250-8638
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex, dynamic process supported by a myriad of cellular events that must be tightly coordinated to efficiently repair damaged tissue. Derangement in wound-linked cellular behaviours, as occurs with diabetes and ageing, can lead to healing impairment and the formation of chronic, non-healing wounds. These wounds are a significant socioeconomic burden due to their high prevalence and recurrence. Thus, there is an urgent requirement for the improved biological and clinical understanding of the mechanisms that underpin wound repair. Here, we review the cellular basis of tissue repair and discuss how current and emerging understanding of wound pathology could inform future development of efficacious wound therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holly N Wilkinson
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Emmert H, Rademacher F, Gläser R, Harder J. Skin microbiota analysis in human 3D skin models-"Free your mice". Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:1133-1139. [PMID: 32748435 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the May issue of Experimental Dermatology 2018, we published a review article focusing on human 3D skin models in the context of microbiota research. The principal intention was to provide an overview of present and future concepts to use skin models in microbiota analyses. With the present viewpoint, we would like to draw the reader's attention again to the use of human skin models in microbiota research with the aim to highlight the benefits and necessity of human skin models to analyse the human skin-microbiota interaction. This is accompanied by a critical view on mice models that often are not suitable to analyse the functional impact of the human skin microbiota. In addition, we present novel and future concepts highlighting the benefits of human 3D skin models in microbiota research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hila Emmert
- Department of Dermatology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Regine Gläser
- Department of Dermatology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Harder
- Department of Dermatology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kim M, Benayoun BA. The microbiome: an emerging key player in aging and longevity. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2020; 4:103-116. [PMID: 32832742 PMCID: PMC7437988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Revolutionary advancements of high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic tools have provided new insights to microbiome function, including a bidirectional relationship between the microbiome and host aging. The intestinal tract is the largest surface in the human body that directly interacts with foreign antigens - it is covered with extremely complex and diverse community of microorganisms, known as the gut microbiome. In a healthy gut, microbial communities maintain a homeostatic metabolism and reside within the host in a state of immune tolerance. Abnormal shifts in the gut microbiome, however, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related chronic diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. The gut microbiome is emerging as a key factor in the aging process. In this review, we describe studies of humans and model organisms that suggest a direct causal role of the gut microbiome on host aging. Additionally, we also discuss sex-dimorphism in the gut microbiome and its possible roles in age-related sex-dimorphic phenotypes. We also provide an overview of widely used microbiome analysis methods and tools which could be used to explore the impact of microbiome remodeling on aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minhoo Kim
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Bérénice A. Benayoun
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Molecular and Computational Biology Department, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- USC Stem Cell Initiative, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| |
Collapse
|