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Mutgan AC, Radic N, Valzano F, Crnkovic S, El-Merhie N, Evermann M, Hoetzenecker K, Foris V, Brcic L, Marsh LM, Tran-Lundmark K, Jandl K, Kwapiszewska G. A comprehensive map of proteoglycan expression and deposition in the pulmonary arterial wall in health and pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 327:L173-L188. [PMID: 38771138 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00022.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Changes in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary arteries (PAs) are a key aspect of vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Yet, our understanding of the alterations affecting the proteoglycan (PG) family remains limited. We sought to investigate the expression and spatial distribution of major vascular PGs in PAs from healthy individuals and various PH groups (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: PH-COPD, pulmonary fibrosis: PH-PF, idiopathic: IPAH). PG regulation, deposition, and synthesis were notably heightened in IPAH, followed by PH-PF, with minor alterations in PH-COPD. Single-cell analysis unveiled cell-type and disease-specific PG regulation. Agrin expression, a basement membrane PG, was increased in IPAH, with PA endothelial cells (PAECs) identified as a major source. PA smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) mainly produced large-PGs, aggrecan and versican, and small-leucine-like proteoglycan (SLRP) biglycan, whereas the major PGs produced by adventitial fibroblasts were SLRP decorin and lumican. In IPAH and PF-PH, the neointima-forming PASMC population increased the expression of all investigated large-PGs and SLRPs, except fibroblast-predominant decorin (DCN). Expression of lumican, versican, and biglycan also positively correlated with collagen 1α1/1α2 expression in PASMCs in patients with IPAH and PH-PF. We demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) regulates versican and biglycan expression, indicating their contribution to vessel fibrosis in IPAH and PF-PH. We furthermore show that certain circulating PG levels display a disease-dependent pattern, with increased decorin and lumican across all patient groups, while versican was elevated in PH-COPD and IPAH and biglycan reduced in IPAH. These findings suggest unique compartment-specific PG regulation in different forms of PH, indicating distinct pathological processes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) pulmonary arteries (PAs) displayed the greatest proteoglycan (PG) changes, with PH associated with pulmonary fibrosis (PH-PF) and PH associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PH-COPD) following. Agrin, an endothelial cell-specific PG, was solely upregulated in IPAH. Among all cells, neo-intima-forming smooth muscle cells (SMCs) displayed the most significant PG increase. Increased levels of circulating decorin, lumican, and versican, mainly derived from SMCs, and adventitial fibroblasts, may serve as systemic indicators of pulmonary remodeling, reflecting perivascular fibrosis and neointima formation.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Proteoglycans/metabolism
- Male
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Female
- Middle Aged
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Vascular Remodeling
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/metabolism
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/pathology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Aged
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Biglycan/metabolism
- Decorin/metabolism
- Adult
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology
- Lumican/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Ceren Mutgan
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Nemanja Radic
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Francesco Valzano
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Slaven Crnkovic
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, Cardiopulmonary Institute, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Natalia El-Merhie
- Institute for Lung Health, Cardiopulmonary Institute, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Matthias Evermann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vasile Foris
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Leigh M Marsh
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Karin Tran-Lundmark
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- The Pediatric Heart Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katharina Jandl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, Cardiopulmonary Institute, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany
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2
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Andrade FRS, da Silva EL, Marinho AD, Oliveira ACX, Sánchez-Porras D, Bermejo-Casares F, Montenegro RC, Carriel V, Monteiro HSA, Jorge RJB. A new 3D model of L929 fibroblasts microtissues uncovers the effects of Bothrops erythromelas venom and its antivenom. Arch Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s00204-024-03824-0. [PMID: 39009783 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03824-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
In Brazil, around 80% of snakebites are caused by snakes of the genus Bothrops. A three-dimensional culture model was standardized and used to perform treatments with Bothrops erythromelas venom (BeV) and its antivenom (AV). The MRC-5 and L929 cell lines were cultured at increasing cell densities. Morphometric parameters were evaluated through images obtained from an inverted microscope: solidity, circularity, and Feret diameter. L929 microtissues (MT) showed better morphometric data, and thus they were used for further analysis. MT viability was assessed using the acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining method, which showed viable cells in the MT on days 5, 7, and 10 of cultivation. Histochemical and histological analyses were performed, including hematoxylin/eosin staining, which showed a good structure of the spheroids. Alcian blue staining revealed the presence of acid proteoglycans. Immunohistochemical analysis with ki-67 showed different patterns of cell proliferation. The MT were also subjected to pharmacological tests using the BeV, in the presence or absence of its AV. The results showed that the venom was not cytotoxic, but it caused morphological changes. The MT showed cell detachment, losing their structure. The antivenom was able to partially prevent the venom activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R S Andrade
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1127, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil.
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1000, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil.
| | - E L da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1127, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1000, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
| | - A D Marinho
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1127, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1000, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
| | - A C X Oliveira
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1000, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Morphological Science, Federal University of Ceará, Delmiro de Farias St., Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-170, Brazil
| | - D Sánchez-Porras
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - F Bermejo-Casares
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - R C Montenegro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1127, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1000, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
| | - V Carriel
- Department of Histology (Tissue Engineering Group), Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - H S A Monteiro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1127, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1000, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
| | - R J B Jorge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1127, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St, 1000, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-275, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Morphological Science, Federal University of Ceará, Delmiro de Farias St., Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-170, Brazil
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3
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Lenzi LGS, Gomes dos Santos JB, Cavalheiro RP, Mendes A, Kobayashi EY, Nader HB, Faloppa F. Alterations in the Structure, Composition, and Organization of Galactosaminoglycan-Containing Proteoglycans and Collagen Correspond to the Progressive Stages of Dupuytren's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7192. [PMID: 39000302 PMCID: PMC11241189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a prevalent fibroproliferative disorder of the hand, shaped by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex assembly of diverse macromolecules. Alterations in the ECM's content, structure and organization can impact both normal physiological functions and pathological conditions. This study explored the content and organization of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and collagen in the ECM of patients at various stages of DD, assessing their potential as prognostic indicators. This research reveals, for the first time, relevant changes in the complexity of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate structures, specifically an increase of disaccharides containing iduronic acid residues covalently linked to either N-acetylgalactosamine 6-O-sulfated or N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulfated, correlating with the disease's severity. Additionally, we noted an increase in versican expression, a high molecular weight proteoglycan, across stages I to IV, while decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, significantly diminishes as DD progresses, both confirmed by mRNA analysis and protein detection via confocal microscopy. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy further demonstrated that collagen fibril architecture in DD varies importantly with disease stages. Moreover, the urinary excretion of both hyaluronic and sulfated glycosaminoglycans markedly decreased among DD patients.Our findings indicate that specific proteoglycans with galactosaminoglycan chains and collagen arrangements could serve as biomarkers for DD progression. The reduction in glycosaminoglycan excretion suggests a systemic manifestation of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Guilherme S. Lenzi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04038-032, SP, Brazil; (L.G.S.L.); (J.B.G.d.S.); (F.F.)
| | - João Baptista Gomes dos Santos
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04038-032, SP, Brazil; (L.G.S.L.); (J.B.G.d.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Renan P. Cavalheiro
- Molecular Biology Program, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04024-002, SP, Brazil; (R.P.C.); (A.M.); (E.Y.K.)
- Faculdade de Medicina ABC, Centro Universitário, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Mendes
- Molecular Biology Program, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04024-002, SP, Brazil; (R.P.C.); (A.M.); (E.Y.K.)
| | - Elsa Y. Kobayashi
- Molecular Biology Program, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04024-002, SP, Brazil; (R.P.C.); (A.M.); (E.Y.K.)
| | - Helena B. Nader
- Molecular Biology Program, Instituto de Farmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04024-002, SP, Brazil; (R.P.C.); (A.M.); (E.Y.K.)
| | - Flavio Faloppa
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04038-032, SP, Brazil; (L.G.S.L.); (J.B.G.d.S.); (F.F.)
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4
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Zens B, Fäßler F, Hansen JM, Hauschild R, Datler J, Hodirnau VV, Zheden V, Alanko J, Sixt M, Schur FK. Lift-out cryo-FIBSEM and cryo-ET reveal the ultrastructural landscape of extracellular matrix. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202309125. [PMID: 38506714 PMCID: PMC10955043 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202309125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as a scaffold for cells and plays an essential role in regulating numerous cellular processes, including cell migration and proliferation. Due to limitations in specimen preparation for conventional room-temperature electron microscopy, we lack structural knowledge on how ECM components are secreted, remodeled, and interact with surrounding cells. We have developed a 3D-ECM platform compatible with sample thinning by cryo-focused ion beam milling, the lift-out extraction procedure, and cryo-electron tomography. Our workflow implements cell-derived matrices (CDMs) grown on EM grids, resulting in a versatile tool closely mimicking ECM environments. This allows us to visualize ECM for the first time in its hydrated, native context. Our data reveal an intricate network of extracellular fibers, their positioning relative to matrix-secreting cells, and previously unresolved structural entities. Our workflow and results add to the structural atlas of the ECM, providing novel insights into its secretion and assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Zens
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Florian Fäßler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jesse M. Hansen
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Robert Hauschild
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Julia Datler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Vanessa Zheden
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jonna Alanko
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Michael Sixt
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Florian K.M. Schur
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
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5
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Gomes C, Gridley K, Anastasiou I, Sinkó B, Mrsny RJ. Hydrogel formats to model potential drug interactions occurring at the subcutaneous injection site. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 199:114308. [PMID: 38688439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
We have previously developed an in vitro instrument, termed subcutaneous injection site simulator (SCISSOR), that can be used to monitor release properties of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and formulation components of a medicine designed for SC injection. Initial studies to validate the SCISSOR instrument applications used a simple hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel to monitor early release events. We now report a type of cross-linked HA that can, when combined with HA, provide a hydrogel (HA-XR) with optical clarity and rheological properties that remain stable for at least 6 days. Incorporation of 0.05-0.1 mg/mL of collagens isolated from human fibroblasts (Col F), bovine type I collagen (Col I), chicken collagen type II (Col II), or chondroitin sulphate (CS) produced HA or HA-XR hydrogel formats with optical clarity and rheological properties comparable to HA or HA-XR alone. HA + Col F hydrogel had a much greater effect on release rates of 70 kDa compared to 4 kDa dextran, while Col F incorporated into the HA-XR hydrogel accentuated differences in release rates of prandial and basal forms of insulin as well as decreased the release rate of denosumab. A hydrogel format of HA + Col I was used to examine the complex events for bevacizumab release under conditions where a target ligand (vascular endothelial growth factor) can interact with extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, these data have demonstrated the feasibility of using a cross-linked HA format to examine API release over multiple days and incorporation of specific ECM elements to prepare more biomimetic hydrogels that allow for tractable examination of their potential impact of API release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate Gridley
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | | | | | - Randall J Mrsny
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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6
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Platt CI, Stewart-McGuinness C, Eckersley A, Wilkins L, Sherratt MJ. Acute exposure to ultraviolet radiation targets proteins involved in collagen fibrillogenesis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1352161. [PMID: 38559576 PMCID: PMC10978599 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1352161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Exposure to chronic, low-dose UV irradiation (UVR) can lead to premature ageing of the skin. Understanding which proteins are affected by acute UVR and photo-dynamically produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) could help to inform strategies to delay photoageing. Conventional biochemical analyses can be used to characterize UVR/ROS-induced damage on a protein-by-protein basis and we have previously shown using SDS-PAGE that collagen I and plasma fibronectin are respectively resistant and susceptible to physiological doses of UVR. The aim of this study was to screen a complex proteome for UVR-affected proteins. Methods: This study employed a sensitive mass spectrometry technique (peptide location fingerprinting: PLF) which can identify structure associated differences following trypsin digestion to characterize the impact of UVR exposure on purified collagen I and tissue fibronectin and to identify UVR-susceptible proteins in an ECM-enriched proteome. Results: Using LC/MS-MS and PLF we show that purified mature type-I collagen is resistant to UVR, whereas purified tissue fibronectin is susceptible. UV irradiation of a human dermal fibroblast-deposited ECM-enriched proteome in vitro, followed by LC/MS-MS and PLF analysis revealed two protein cluster groups of UV susceptible proteins involved in i) matrix collagen fibril assembly and ii) protein translation and motor activity. Furthermore, PLF highlighted UV susceptible domains within targeted matrix proteins, suggesting that UV damage of matrix proteins is localized. Discussion: Here we show that PLF can be used to identify protein targets of UVR and that collagen accessory proteins may be key targets in UVR exposed tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher I. Platt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Callum Stewart-McGuinness
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Eckersley
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Loren Wilkins
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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7
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Bhuva DD, Tan CW, Liu N, Whitfield HJ, Papachristos N, Lee SC, Kharbanda M, Mohamed A, Davis MJ. vissE: a versatile tool to identify and visualise higher-order molecular phenotypes from functional enrichment analysis. BMC Bioinformatics 2024; 25:64. [PMID: 38331751 PMCID: PMC10854147 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-024-05676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional analysis of high throughput experiments using pathway analysis is now ubiquitous. Though powerful, these methods often produce thousands of redundant results owing to knowledgebase redundancies upstream. This scale of results hinders extensive exploration by biologists and can lead to investigator biases due to previous knowledge and expectations. To address this issue, we present vissE, a flexible network-based analysis and visualisation tool that organises information into semantic categories and provides various visualisation modules to characterise them with respect to the underlying data, thus providing a comprehensive view of the biological system. We demonstrate vissE's versatility by applying it to three different technologies: bulk, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics. Applying vissE to a factor analysis of a breast cancer spatial transcriptomic data, we identified stromal phenotypes that support tumour dissemination. Its adaptability allows vissE to enhance all existing gene-set enrichment and pathway analysis workflows, empowering biologists during molecular discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmesh D Bhuva
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- South Australian immunoGENomics Cancer Institute (SAiGENCI), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
| | - Chin Wee Tan
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Fraser Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Ning Liu
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- South Australian immunoGENomics Cancer Institute (SAiGENCI), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Holly J Whitfield
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Nicholas Papachristos
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Samuel C Lee
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Malvika Kharbanda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- South Australian immunoGENomics Cancer Institute (SAiGENCI), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Ahmed Mohamed
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Colonial Foundation Healthy Ageing Centre, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Melissa J Davis
- Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- South Australian immunoGENomics Cancer Institute (SAiGENCI), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- Fraser Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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8
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De Mori A, Heyraud A, Tallia F, Blunn G, Jones JR, Roncada T, Cobb J, Al-Jabri T. Ovine Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis on a Novel 3D-Printed Hybrid Scaffold In Vitro. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:112. [PMID: 38391598 PMCID: PMC10886199 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the use of silica/poly(tetrahydrofuran)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (SiO2/PTHF/PCL-diCOOH) 3D-printed scaffolds, with channel sizes of either 200 (SC-200) or 500 (SC-500) µm, as biomaterials to support the chondrogenesis of sheep bone marrow stem cells (oBMSC), under in vitro conditions. The objective was to validate the potential use of SiO2/PTHF/PCL-diCOOH for prospective in vivo ovine studies. The behaviour of oBMSC, with and without the use of exogenous growth factors, on SiO2/PTHF/PCL-diCOOH scaffolds was investigated by analysing cell attachment, viability, proliferation, morphology, expression of chondrogenic genes (RT-qPCR), deposition of aggrecan, collagen II, and collagen I (immunohistochemistry), and quantification of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The results showed that all the scaffolds supported cell attachment and proliferation with upregulation of chondrogenic markers and the deposition of a cartilage extracellular matrix (collagen II and aggrecan). Notably, SC-200 showed superior performance in terms of cartilage gene expression. These findings demonstrated that SiO2/PTHF/PCL-diCOOH with 200 µm pore size are optimal for promoting chondrogenic differentiation of oBMSC, even without the use of growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna De Mori
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Micheal's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Agathe Heyraud
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Francesca Tallia
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Micheal's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Julian R Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tosca Roncada
- Trinity Center for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, DO2 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Justin Cobb
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Talal Al-Jabri
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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9
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Cortes-Medina M, Bushman AR, Beshay PE, Adorno JJ, Menyhert MM, Hildebrand RM, Agarwal SS, Avendano A, Friedman AK, Song JW. Chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid differentially modify the biophysical properties of collagen-based hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2024; 174:116-126. [PMID: 38101556 PMCID: PMC10842894 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillar collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are structural biomolecules that are natively abundant to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Prior studies have quantified the effects of GAGs on the bulk mechanical properties of the ECM. However, there remains a lack of experimental studies on how GAGs alter other biophysical properties of the ECM, including ones that operate at the length scales of individual cells such as mass transport efficiency and matrix microstructure. This study focuses on the GAG molecules chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), and hyaluronic acid (HA). CS and DS are stereoisomers while HA is the only non-sulfated GAG. We characterized and decoupled the effects of these GAG molecules on the stiffness, transport, and matrix microarchitecture properties of type I collagen hydrogels using mechanical indentation testing, microfluidics, and confocal reflectance imaging, respectively. We complement these biophysical measurements with turbidity assays to profile collagen aggregate formation. Surprisingly, only HA enhanced the ECM indentation modulus, while all three GAGs had no effect on hydraulic permeability. Strikingly, we show that CS, DS, and HA differentially regulate the matrix microarchitecture of hydrogels due to their alterations to the kinetics of collagen self-assembly. In addition to providing information on how GAGs define key physical properties of the ECM, this work shows new ways in which stiffness measurements, microfluidics, microscopy, and turbidity kinetics can be used complementarily to reveal details of collagen self-assembly and structure. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are integral to the structure, function, and bioactivity of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite widespread interest in collagen-GAG composite hydrogels, there is a lack of quantitative understanding of how different GAGs alter the biophysical properties of the ECM across tissue, cellular, and subcellular length scales. Here we show using mechanical, microfluidic, microscopy, and analytical methods and measurements that the GAG molecules chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid differentially regulate the mechanical, transport, and microstructural properties of hydrogels due to their alterations to the kinetics of collagen self-assembly. As such, these results will inform improved design and utilization of collagen-based scaffolds of tailored composition, mechanical properties, molecular availability due to mass transport, and microarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Cortes-Medina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrew R Bushman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Peter E Beshay
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan J Adorno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Miles M Menyhert
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Riley M Hildebrand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Shashwat S Agarwal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Alex Avendano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Alicia K Friedman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan W Song
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA; The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210, USA.
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10
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Wang H, Lu J, Rathod M, Aw WY, Huang SA, Polacheck WJ. A facile fluid pressure system reveals differential cellular response to interstitial pressure gradients and flow. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:054103. [PMID: 37781136 PMCID: PMC10539030 DOI: 10.1063/5.0165119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial fluid pressure gradients and interstitial flow have been shown to drive morphogenic processes that shape tissues and influence progression of diseases including cancer. The advent of porous media microfluidic approaches has enabled investigation of the cellular response to interstitial flow, but questions remain as to the critical biophysical and biochemical signals imparted by interstitial fluid pressure gradients and resulting flow on resident cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we introduce a low-cost method to maintain physiological interstitial fluid pressures that is built from commonly accessible laboratory equipment, including a laser pointer, camera, Arduino board, and a commercially available linear actuator. We demonstrate that when the system is connected to a microfluidic device containing a 3D porous hydrogel, physiologic pressure is maintained with sub-Pascal resolution and when basic feedback control is directed using an Arduino, constant pressure and pressure gradient can be maintained even as cells remodel and degrade the ECM hydrogel over time. Using this model, we characterized breast cancer cell growth and ECM changes to ECM fibril structure and porosity in response to constant interstitial fluid pressure or constant interstitial flow. We observe increased collagen fibril bundling and the formation of porous structures in the vicinity of cancer cells in response to constant interstitial fluid pressure as compared to constant interstitial flow. Collectively, these results further define interstitial fluid pressure as a driver of key pathogenic responses in cells, and the systems and methods developed here will allow for future mechanistic work investigating mechanotransduction of interstitial fluid pressures and flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA
| | - Jingming Lu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA
| | - Mitesh Rathod
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA
| | - Wen Yih Aw
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Huang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA
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11
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Saraswathibhatla A, Indana D, Chaudhuri O. Cell-extracellular matrix mechanotransduction in 3D. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:495-516. [PMID: 36849594 PMCID: PMC10656994 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00583-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical properties of extracellular matrices (ECMs) regulate essential cell behaviours, including differentiation, migration and proliferation, through mechanotransduction. Studies of cell-ECM mechanotransduction have largely focused on cells cultured in 2D, on top of elastic substrates with a range of stiffnesses. However, cells often interact with ECMs in vivo in a 3D context, and cell-ECM interactions and mechanisms of mechanotransduction in 3D can differ from those in 2D. The ECM exhibits various structural features as well as complex mechanical properties. In 3D, mechanical confinement by the surrounding ECM restricts changes in cell volume and cell shape but allows cells to generate force on the matrix by extending protrusions and regulating cell volume as well as through actomyosin-based contractility. Furthermore, cell-matrix interactions are dynamic owing to matrix remodelling. Accordingly, ECM stiffness, viscoelasticity and degradability often play a critical role in regulating cell behaviours in 3D. Mechanisms of 3D mechanotransduction include traditional integrin-mediated pathways that sense mechanical properties and more recently described mechanosensitive ion channel-mediated pathways that sense 3D confinement, with both converging on the nucleus for downstream control of transcription and phenotype. Mechanotransduction is involved in tissues from development to cancer and is being increasingly harnessed towards mechanotherapy. Here we discuss recent progress in our understanding of cell-ECM mechanotransduction in 3D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhiraj Indana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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12
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Cortes-Medina M, Bushman AR, Beshay PE, Adorno JJ, Menyhert MM, Hildebrand RM, Agarwal SS, Avendano A, Song JW. Chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid differentially modify the biophysical properties of collagen-based hydrogels. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.22.541626. [PMID: 37293049 PMCID: PMC10245839 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.22.541626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillar collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are structural biomolecules that are natively abundant to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Prior studies have quantified the effects of GAGs on the bulk mechanical properties of the ECM. However, there remains a lack of experimental studies on how GAGs alter other biophysical properties of the ECM, including ones that operate at the length scales of individual cells such as mass transport efficiency and matrix microstructure. Here we characterized and decoupled the effects of the GAG molecules chondroitin sulfate (CS) dermatan sulfate (DS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) on the stiffness (indentation modulus), transport (hydraulic permeability), and matrix microarchitecture (pore size and fiber radius) properties of collagen-based hydrogels. We complement these biophysical measurements of collagen hydrogels with turbidity assays to profile collagen aggregate formation. Here we show that CS, DS, and HA differentially regulate the biophysical properties of hydrogels due to their alterations to the kinetics of collagen self-assembly. In addition to providing information on how GAGs play significant roles in defining key physical properties of the ECM, this work shows new ways in which stiffness measurements, microscopy, microfluidics, and turbidity kinetics can be used complementary to reveal details of collagen self-assembly and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Cortes-Medina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Andrew R Bushman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Peter E Beshay
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Jonathan J Adorno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Miles M Menyhert
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Riley M Hildebrand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Shashwat S Agarwal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Alex Avendano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
| | - Jonathan W Song
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH 43210
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13
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Stevenson NL. The factory, the antenna and the scaffold: the three-way interplay between the Golgi, cilium and extracellular matrix underlying tissue function. Biol Open 2023; 12:287059. [PMID: 36802341 PMCID: PMC9986613 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth and development of healthy tissues is dependent on the construction of a highly specialised extracellular matrix (ECM) to provide support for cell growth and migration and to determine the biomechanical properties of the tissue. These scaffolds are composed of extensively glycosylated proteins which are secreted and assembled into well-ordered structures that can hydrate, mineralise, and store growth factors as required. The proteolytic processing and glycosylation of ECM components is vital to their function. These modifications are under the control of the Golgi apparatus, an intracellular factory hosting spatially organised, protein-modifying enzymes. Regulation also requires a cellular antenna, the cilium, which integrates extracellular growth signals and mechanical cues to inform ECM production. Consequently, mutations in either Golgi or ciliary genes frequently lead to connective tissue disorders. The individual importance of each of these organelles to ECM function is well-studied. However, emerging evidence points towards a more tightly linked system of interdependence between the Golgi, cilium and ECM. This review examines how the interplay between all three compartments underpins healthy tissue. As an example, it will look at several members of the golgin family of Golgi-resident proteins whose loss is detrimental to connective tissue function. This perspective will be important for many future studies looking to dissect the cause and effect of mutations impacting tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola L Stevenson
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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14
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Bailey TW, do Nascimento NC, Dos Santos AP, Sivasankar MP, Cox A. Comparative proteomic changes in rabbit vocal folds undergoing systemic dehydration and systemic rehydration. J Proteomics 2023; 270:104734. [PMID: 36174951 PMCID: PMC9851386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A considerable body of clinical evidence suggests that systemic dehydration can negatively affect voice production, leading to the common recommendation to rehydrate. Evidence for the corrective benefits of rehydration, however, is limited with mixed conclusions, and biological data on the underlying tissue changes with rehydration is lacking. In this study, we used a rabbit model (n = 24) of acute (5 days) water restriction-induced systemic dehydration with subsequent rehydration (3 days) to explore the protein-level changes underlying the molecular transition from euhydration to dehydration and following rehydration using LC-MS/MS protein quantification in the vocal folds. We show that 5-day water restriction led to an average 4.3% decrease in body weight with relative increases in anion gap, Cl-, creatinine, Na+, and relative decreases in BUN, iCa2+, K+, and tCO2 compared to control (euhydrated) animals. A total of 309 differentially regulated (p < 0.05) proteins were identified between the Control and Dehydration groups. We observed a noteworthy similarity between the Dehydration and Rehydration groups, both well differentiated from the Control group, highlighting the distinct timelines of resolution of the clinical symptoms of systemic dehydration and the underlying molecular changes. SIGNIFICANCE Voice disorders are a ubiquitous problem with considerable economic and psychological impact. Maintenance of proper hydration is commonly prescribed as a general vocal hygiene practice. There is evidence that dehydration negatively impacts phonation, but our understanding of the state of vocal folds in the context of systemic dehydration are limited, particular from a molecular perspective. Further, ours is a novel molecular study of the short-term impact of rehydration on the tissue. Given the relatively minimal difference in vocal fold proteomic profiles between the Dehydration and Rehydration groups, our data demonstrate a complex physiological response to acute systemic dehydration, and highlight the importance of considering persistent underlying molecular pathology despite the rapid resolution of clinical measures. This study sets a foundation for future research to confirm the nature of potential beneficial outcomes of clinical recommendations related to hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor W Bailey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Naila Cannes do Nascimento
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Andrea Pires Dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - M Preeti Sivasankar
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Abigail Cox
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America.
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15
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Empere M, Wang X, Prein C, Aspberg A, Moser M, Oohashi T, Clausen-Schaumann H, Aszodi A, Alberton P. Aggrecan governs intervertebral discs development by providing critical mechanical cues of the extracellular matrix. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1128587. [PMID: 36937743 PMCID: PMC10017878 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1128587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggrecan (ACAN) is localized in the intervertebral disc (IVD) in unique compartment-specific patterns where it contributes to the tissue structure and mechanical function together with collagens. The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the IVD undergoes degenerative changes during aging, misuse or trauma, which inevitably alter the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the tissue. A deeper understanding of these processes can be achieved in genetically engineered mouse models, taking into account the multifaceted aspects of IVD development. In this study, we generated aggrecan insertion mutant mice (Acan iE5/iE5 ) by interrupting exon 5 coding for the G1 domain of ACAN, and analyzed the morphological and mechanical properties of the different IVD compartments during embryonic development. Western blotting using an antibody against the total core protein failed to detect ACAN in cartilage extracts, whereas immunohistochemistry by a G1-specific antibody showed weak signals in vertebral tissues of Acan iE5/iE5 mice. Homozygous mutant mice are perinatally lethal and characterized by short snout, cleft palate and disproportionate dwarfism. Whole-mount skeletal staining and µ-CT analysis of Acan iE5/iE5 mice at embryonic day 18.5 revealed compressed vertebral bodies with accelerated mineralization compared to wild type controls. In Acan iE5/iE5 mice, histochemical staining revealed collapsed extracellular matrix with negligible sulfated glycosaminoglycan content accompanied by a high cellular density. Collagen type II deposition was not impaired in the IVD of Acan iE5/iE5 mice, as shown by immunohistochemistry. Mutant mice developed a severe IVD phenotype with deformed nucleus pulposus and thinned cartilaginous endplates accompanied by a disrupted growth plate structure in the vertebral body. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging demonstrated a denser collagen network with thinner fibrils in the mutant IVD zones compared to wild type. Nanoscale AFM indentation revealed bimodal stiffness distribution attributable to the softer proteoglycan moiety and harder collagenous fibrils of the wild type IVD ECM. In Acan iE5/iE5 mice, loss of aggrecan resulted in a marked shift of the Young's modulus to higher values in all IVD zones. In conclusion, we demonstrated that aggrecan is pivotal for the determination and maintenance of the proper stiffness of IVD and vertebral tissues, which in turn could play an essential role in providing developmental biomechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Empere
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - Xujia Wang
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Carina Prein
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - Anders Aspberg
- Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Markus Moser
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society, Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Toshitaka Oohashi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Aszodi
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - Paolo Alberton
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Paolo Alberton,
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Collagen-Based Biomimetic Systems to Study the Biophysical Tumour Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235939. [PMID: 36497421 PMCID: PMC9739814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a pericellular network of proteins and other molecules that provides mechanical support to organs and tissues. ECM biophysical properties such as topography, elasticity and porosity strongly influence cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. The cell's perception of the biophysical microenvironment (mechanosensing) leads to altered gene expression or contractility status (mechanotransduction). Mechanosensing and mechanotransduction have profound implications in both tissue homeostasis and cancer. Many solid tumours are surrounded by a dense and aberrant ECM that disturbs normal cell functions and makes certain areas of the tumour inaccessible to therapeutic drugs. Understanding the cell-ECM interplay may therefore lead to novel and more effective therapies. Controllable and reproducible cell culturing systems mimicking the ECM enable detailed investigation of mechanosensing and mechanotransduction pathways. Here, we discuss ECM biomimetic systems. Mainly focusing on collagen, we compare and contrast structural and molecular complexity as well as biophysical properties of simple 2D substrates, 3D fibrillar collagen gels, cell-derived matrices and complex decellularized organs. Finally, we emphasize how the integration of advanced methodologies and computational methods with collagen-based biomimetics will improve the design of novel therapies aimed at targeting the biophysical and mechanical features of the tumour ECM to increase therapy efficacy.
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17
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Rixon C, Andreassen K, Shen X, Erusappan PM, Almaas VM, Palmero S, Dahl CP, Ueland T, Sjaastad I, Louch WE, Stokke MK, Tønnessen T, Christensen G, Lunde IG. Lumican accumulates with fibrillar collagen in fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 10:858-871. [PMID: 36444917 PMCID: PMC10053290 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common form of inherited cardiac disease. It is characterized by myocardial hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, and can lead to severe heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Cardiac fibrosis, defined by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, is central to the pathophysiology of HCM. The ECM proteoglycan lumican is increased during heart failure and cardiac fibrosis, including HCM, yet its role in HCM remains unknown. We provide an in-depth assessment of lumican in clinical and experimental HCM. METHODS Left ventricular (LV) myectomy specimens were collected from patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (n = 15), and controls from hearts deemed unsuitable for transplantation (n = 8). Hearts were harvested from a mouse model of HCM; Myh6 R403Q mice administered cyclosporine A and wild-type littermates (n = 8-10). LV tissues were analysed for mRNA and protein expression. Patient myectomy or mouse mid-ventricular sections were imaged using confocal microscopy, direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM), or electron microscopy. Human foetal cardiac fibroblasts (hfCFBs) were treated with recombinant human lumican (n = 3) and examined using confocal microscopy. RESULTS Lumican mRNA was increased threefold in HCM patients (P < 0.05) and correlated strongly with expression of collagen I (R2 = 0.60, P < 0.01) and III (R2 = 0.58, P < 0.01). Lumican protein was increased by 40% in patients with HCM (P < 0.01) and correlated with total (R2 = 0.28, P = 0.05) and interstitial (R2 = 0.30, P < 0.05) fibrosis. In mice with HCM, lumican mRNA increased fourfold (P < 0.001), and lumican protein increased 20-fold (P < 0.001) in insoluble ECM lysates. Lumican and fibrillar collagen were located together throughout fibrotic areas in HCM patient tissue, with increased co-localization measured in patients and mice with HCM (patients: +19%, P < 0.01; mice: +13%, P < 0.01). dSTORM super-resolution microscopy was utilized to image interstitial ECM which had yet to undergo overt fibrotic remodelling. In these interstitial areas, collagen I deposits located closer to (-15 nm, P < 0.05), overlapped more frequently with (+7.3%, P < 0.05) and to a larger degree with (+5.6%, P < 0.05) lumican in HCM. Collagen fibrils in such deposits were visualized using electron microscopy. The effect of lumican on collagen fibre formation was demonstrated by adding lumican to hfCFB cultures, resulting in thicker (+53.8 nm, P < 0.001), longer (+345.9 nm, P < 0.001), and fewer (-8.9%, P < 0.001) collagen fibres. CONCLUSIONS The ECM proteoglycan lumican is increased in HCM and co-localizes with fibrillar collagen throughout areas of fibrosis in HCM. Our data suggest that lumican may promote formation of thicker collagen fibres in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Rixon
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Kristine Andreassen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Cardiology Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway
| | - Xin Shen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Pugazendhi Murugan Erusappan
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Vibeke Marie Almaas
- Department of Cardiology Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway
| | - Sheryl Palmero
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Christen Peder Dahl
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center University of Tromsø Tromsø Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - William Edward Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Mathis Korseberg Stokke
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Cardiology Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway
| | - Theis Tønnessen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases Oslo University Hospital Ullevål Oslo Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Ida Gjervold Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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18
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Hybrid nanostructured gadolinium oxide-collagen-dextran polymeric hydrogel for corneal repair and regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1423-1438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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19
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Hatami-Marbini H, Mehr JA. Modeling and experimental investigation of electromechanical properties of scleral tissue; a CEM model using an anisotropic hyperelastic constitutive relation. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2022; 21:1325-1337. [PMID: 35962249 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The sclera is a soft tissue primarily consisting of collagen fibers, elastin, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans are composed of a core protein and negatively charged glycosaminoglycan side chains. The fixed electric charges inside the scleral extracellular matrix play a key role in its swelling and are expected to cause the tissue to deform in response to an electric field. However, the electroactive response of the sclera has not yet been investigated. The present work experimentally demonstrates that sclera behaves similar to an anionic electrosensitive hydrogel and develops a chemo-electro-mechanical (CEM) mathematical framework for its electromechanical response. In the numerical model, a hyperelastic constitutive law with distributed collagen fibers is used to capture the nonlinear mechanical properties of the sclera, and the coupled Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations represent the distribution of mobile ions throughout the domain. After calibrating the proposed numerical CEM model against the experimental measurements, we employ it to investigate the effects of different parameters on the scleral electromechanical response including the voltage and fixed charge density. The experimental and numerical findings of the present study confirm that sclera behaves as an electroactive hydrogel and provide new insight into the mechanical response of this ocular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Hatami-Marbini
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Illinois at Chicago, 2039 Engineering Research Facility, 842 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
| | - Jafar Arash Mehr
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Illinois at Chicago, 2039 Engineering Research Facility, 842 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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20
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Vijayan V, Lakra R, Korrapati PS, Kiran MS. Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle-collagen bio matrix induced endothelial cell activation for sustained angiogenic response for biomaterial integration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 216:112589. [PMID: 35660195 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth lanthanum oxide nanoparticle reinforced collagen biomatrix that elicited the endothelial cell activation to promote angiogenesis for biomaterial integration was developed and evaluated in the present study. The structural integrity of collagen was not compromised on crosslinking of lanthanum oxide nanoparticle to collagen biomolecule. As-synthesised collagen biomatrix was shown to have improved mechanical strength, a lesser susceptibility to proteolytic degradation and good swelling properties. Superior cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility and minimal ROS generation was observed with Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle reinforced collagen bio matrix. The Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle reinforced collagen bio matrix elicited endothelial cell activation eliciting pro-angiogensis as observed in tube formation and aortic arch assays. The bio-matrix promoted the infiltration and proliferation of endothelial cells which is an unexplored domain in the area of tissue engineering that is very essential for biomaterial integration into host tissue. The wound healing effect of Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle stabilized collagen showed enhanced cell migration in vitro in cells maintained in Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle reinforced collagen bio matrix. The study paves the way for developing rare earth-based dressing materials which promoted biomatrix integration by enhancing vascularisation for tissue regenerative applications in comparison with traditional biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinu Vijayan
- Biological Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020, India; University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600005, India
| | - Rachita Lakra
- Biological Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020, India
| | - Purna Sai Korrapati
- Biological Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020, India
| | - Manikantan Syamala Kiran
- Biological Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020, India; University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020, India.
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21
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Qin X, Lei C, Yan L, Sun H, Liu X, Guo Z, Sun W, Guo X, Fang Q. Proteomic and Metabolomic Analyses of Right Ventricular Failure due to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:834179. [PMID: 35865003 PMCID: PMC9294162 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.834179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Right ventricular failure (RVF) is the independent and strongest predictor of mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but, at present, there are no preventive and therapeutic strategies directly targeting the failing right ventricle (RV). The underlying mechanism of RV hypertrophy (RVH) and dysfunction needs to be explored in depth. In this study, we used myocardial proteomics combined with metabolomics to elucidate potential pathophysiological changes of RV remodeling in a monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rat model. The proteins and metabolites extracted from the RV myocardium were identified using label-free liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The bioinformatic analysis indicated that elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and inflammation may contribute to myocardial proliferation and contraction, which may be beneficial for maintaining the compensated state of the RV. In the RVF stage, ferroptosis, mitochondrial metabolic shift, and insulin resistance are significantly involved. Dysregulated iron homeostasis, glutathione metabolism, and lipid peroxidation related to ferroptosis may contribute to RV decompensation. In conclusion, we depicted a proteomic and metabolomic profile of the RV myocardium during the progression of MCT-induced PAH, and also provided the insights for potential therapeutic targets facilitating the retardation or reversal of RV dysfunction in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chuxiang Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haidan Sun
- Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengguang Guo
- Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxiao Guo, ; Quan Fang,
| | - Quan Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxiao Guo, ; Quan Fang,
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22
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Merrild NG, Holzmann V, Ariosa-Morejon Y, Faull PA, Coleman J, Barrell WB, Young G, Fischer R, Kelly DJ, Addison O, Vincent TL, Grigoriadis AE, Gentleman E. Local depletion of proteoglycans mediates cartilage tissue repair in an ex vivo integration model. Acta Biomater 2022; 149:179-188. [PMID: 35779773 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Successfully replacing damaged cartilage with tissue-engineered constructs requires integration with the host tissue and could benefit from leveraging the native tissue's intrinsic healing capacity; however, efforts are limited by a poor understanding of how cartilage repairs minor defects. Here, we investigated the conditions that foster natural cartilage tissue repair to identify strategies that might be exploited to enhance the integration of engineered/grafted cartilage with host tissue. We damaged porcine articular cartilage explants and using a combination of pulsed SILAC-based proteomics, ultrastructural imaging, and catabolic enzyme blocking strategies reveal that integration of damaged cartilage surfaces is not driven by neo-matrix synthesis, but rather local depletion of proteoglycans. ADAMTS4 expression and activity are upregulated in injured cartilage explants, but integration could be reduced by inhibiting metalloproteinase activity with TIMP3. These observations suggest that catabolic enzyme-mediated proteoglycan depletion likely allows existing collagen fibrils to undergo cross-linking, fibrillogenesis, or entanglement, driving integration. Catabolic enzymes are often considered pathophysiological markers of osteoarthritis. Our findings suggest that damage-induced upregulation of metalloproteinase activity may be a part of a healing response that tips towards tissue destruction under pathological conditions and in osteoarthritis, but could also be harnessed in tissue engineering strategies to mediate repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cartilage tissue engineering strategies require graft integration with the surrounding tissue; however, how the native tissue repairs minor injuries is poorly understood. We applied pulsed SILAC-based proteomics, ultrastructural imaging, and catabolic enzyme blocking strategies to a porcine cartilage explant model and found that integration of damaged cartilage surfaces is driven by catabolic enzyme-mediated local depletion of proteoglycans. Although catabolic enzymes have been implicated in cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis, our findings suggest that damage-induced upregulation of metalloproteinase activity may be a part of a healing response that tips towards tissue destruction under pathological conditions. They also suggest that this natural cartilage tissue repair process could be harnessed in tissue engineering strategies to enhance the integration of engineered cartilage with host tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Groth Merrild
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Viktoria Holzmann
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Yoanna Ariosa-Morejon
- Centre for OA Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Peter A Faull
- College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jennifer Coleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - William B Barrell
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Gloria Young
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Owen Addison
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Tonia L Vincent
- Centre for OA Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | | | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.
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23
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Izumi S, Oichi T, Shetye SS, Zhang K, Wilson K, Iwamoto M, Kuo CK, Akabudike N, Adachi N, Soslowsky LJ, Enomoto-Iwamoto M. Inhibition of glucose use improves structural recovery of injured Achilles tendon in mice. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1409-1419. [PMID: 34460123 PMCID: PMC8882710 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Injured tendons do not regain their native structure except at fetal or very young ages. Healing tendons often show mucoid degeneration involving accumulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), but its etiology and molecular base have not been studied substantially. We hypothesized that quality and quantity of gene expression involving the synthesis of proteoglycans having sulfated GAGs are altered in injured tendons and that a reduction in synthesis of sulfated GAGs improves structural and functional recovery of injured tendons. C57BL6/j mice were subjected to Achilles tendon tenotomy surgery. The injured tendons accumulated sulfate proteoglycans as early as 1-week postsurgery and continued so by 4-week postsurgery. Transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of a wide range of proteoglycan genes that have sulfated GAGs in the injured tendons 1 and 3 weeks postsurgery. Genes critical for enzymatic reaction of initiation and elongation of chondroitin sulfate GAG chains were also upregulated. After the surgery, mice were treated with the 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) that inhibits conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, an initial step of glucose metabolism as an energy source and precursors of monosaccharides of GAGs. The 2DG treatment reduced accumulation of sulfated proteoglycans, improved collagen fiber alignment, and reduced the cross-sectional area of the injured tendons. The modulus of the 2DG-treated groups was higher than that in the vehicle group, but not of statistical significance. Our findings suggest that mucoid degeneration in injured tendons may result from the upregulated expression of genes involved the synthesis of sulfate proteoglycans and can be inhibited by reduction of glucose utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soutarou Izumi
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Takeshi Oichi
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Snehal S. Shetye
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Kairui Zhang
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Kimberly Wilson
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Masahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Catherine K. Kuo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland College Park
| | - Ngozi Akabudike
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Louis J. Soslowsky
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
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24
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Glycosaminoglycans modulate long-range mechanical communication between cells in collagen networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2116718119. [PMID: 35394874 PMCID: PMC9169665 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116718119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are carbohydrates that are expressed ubiquitously in the human body and are among the key macromolecules that influence the development, homeostasis, and pathology of native tissues. Abnormal accumulation of GAGs has been observed in metabolic disorders, solid tumors, and fibrotic tissues. Here we theoretically and experimentally show that tissue swelling caused by the highly polar nature of GAGs significantly affects the mechanical interactions between resident cells by altering the organization and alignment of the collagenous extracellular matrix. The role of GAGs in modulating cellular force transmission revealed here can guide the design of biomaterial scaffolds in regenerative medicine and provides insights on the role of cell–cell communication in tumor progression and fibrosis. Cells can sense and respond to mechanical forces in fibrous extracellular matrices (ECMs) over distances much greater than their size. This phenomenon, termed long-range force transmission, is enabled by the realignment (buckling) of collagen fibers along directions where the forces are tensile (compressive). However, whether other key structural components of the ECM, in particular glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), can affect the efficiency of cellular force transmission remains unclear. Here we developed a theoretical model of force transmission in collagen networks with interpenetrating GAGs, capturing the competition between tension-driven collagen fiber alignment and the swelling pressure induced by GAGs. Using this model, we show that the swelling pressure provided by GAGs increases the stiffness of the collagen network by stretching the fibers in an isotropic manner. We found that the GAG-induced swelling pressure can help collagen fibers resist buckling as the cells exert contractile forces. This mechanism impedes the alignment of collagen fibers and decreases long-range cellular mechanical communication. We experimentally validated the theoretical predictions by comparing the intensity of collagen fiber alignment between cellular spheroids cultured on collagen gels versus collagen–GAG cogels. We found significantly lower intensities of aligned collagen in collagen–GAG cogels, consistent with the prediction that GAGs can prevent collagen fiber alignment. The role of GAGs in modulating force transmission uncovered in this work can be extended to understand pathological processes such as the formation of fibrotic scars and cancer metastasis, where cells communicate in the presence of abnormally high concentrations of GAGs.
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25
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Abstract
Aggrecan (Acan) and versican (Vcan) are large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix. They share the same structural domains at both N and C-termini. The N-terminal G1 domain binds hyaluronan (HA), forms an HA-rich matrix, and regulates HA-mediated signaling. The C-terminal G3 domain binds other extracellular matrix molecules and forms a supramolecular structure that stores TGFb and BMPs and regulates their signaling. EGF-like motifs in the G3 domain may directly act like an EGF ligand. Both Acan and Vcan are present in cartilage, intervertebral disc, brain, heart, and aorta. Their localizations are essentially reciprocal. This review describes their structural domains, expression patterns and functions, and regulation of their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Watanabe
- Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
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26
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Islam S, Jahan N, Shahida A, Karnan S, Watanabe H. Accumulation of versican and lack of versikine ameliorate acute colitis. Matrix Biol 2022; 107:59-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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27
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Integration of a miniaturized DMMB assay with high-throughput screening for identifying regulators of proteoglycan metabolism. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1083. [PMID: 35058478 PMCID: PMC8776954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective biosynthesis or function of proteoglycans causes pathological conditions in a variety of tissue systems. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder characterized by progressive cartilage destruction caused by imbalanced proteoglycan synthesis and degradation. Identifying agents that regulate proteoglycan metabolism may benefit the development of OA-modifying therapeutics. High-throughput screening (HTS) of chemical libraries has paved the way for achieving this goal. However, the implementation and adaptation of HTS assays based on proteoglycan measurement remain underexploited. Using primary porcine chondrocytes as a model, we report a miniaturized dimethyl-methylene blue (DMMB) assay, which is commonly used to quantitatively evaluate sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with an optimized detection range and reproducibility and its integration with HTS. Treatment with TGF-β1 and IL1-α, known as positive and negative proteoglycan regulators, respectively, supported the assay specificity. A pre-test of chemical screening of 960 compounds identified both stimulators (4.48%) and inhibitors (6.04%) of GAG production. Fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis validated the activity of selected hits on chondroitin sulfate expression in an alginate culture system. Our findings support the implementation of this simple colorimetric assay in HTS to discover modifiers of OA or other diseases related to dysregulated proteoglycan metabolism.
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28
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Davidson MD, Prendergast ME, Ban E, Xu KL, Mickel G, Mensah P, Dhand A, Janmey PA, Shenoy VB, Burdick JA. Programmable and contractile materials through cell encapsulation in fibrous hydrogel assemblies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi8157. [PMID: 34757787 PMCID: PMC8580309 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi8157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The natural extracellular matrix (ECM) within tissues is physically contracted and remodeled by cells, allowing the collective shaping of functional tissue architectures. Synthetic materials that facilitate self-assembly similar to natural ECM are needed for cell culture, tissue engineering, and in vitro models of development and disease. To address this need, we develop fibrous hydrogel assemblies that are stabilized with photocrosslinking and display fiber density–dependent strain-responsive properties (strain stiffening and alignment). Encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cells locally contract low fiber density assemblies, resulting in macroscopic volumetric changes with increased cell densities and moduli. Because of properties such as shear-thinning and self-healing, assemblies can be processed into microtissues with aligned ECM deposition or through extrusion bioprinting and photopatterning to fabricate constructs with programmed shape changes due to cell contraction. These materials provide a synthetic approach to mimic features of natural ECM, which can now be processed for applications in biofabrication and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Davidson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Ehsan Ban
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Karen L. Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gabriel Mickel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patricia Mensah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Abhishek Dhand
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul A. Janmey
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Vivek B. Shenoy
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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29
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Zhang S, Ju W, Chen X, Zhao Y, Feng L, Yin Z, Chen X. Hierarchical ultrastructure: An overview of what is known about tendons and future perspective for tendon engineering. Bioact Mater 2021; 8:124-139. [PMID: 34541391 PMCID: PMC8424392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal tendons are rarely ever repaired to the natural structure and morphology of normal tendons. To better guide the repair and regeneration of injured tendons through a tissue engineering method, it is necessary to have insights into the internal morphology, organization, and composition of natural tendons. This review summarized recent researches on the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components of tendons and highlight the application of multiple detection methodologies concerning the structure of ECMs. In addition, we look forward to the future of multi-dimensional biomaterial design methods and the potential of structural repair for tendon ECM components. In addition, focus is placed on the macro to micro detection methods for tendons, and current techniques for evaluating the extracellular matrix of tendons at the micro level are introduced in detail. Finally, emphasis is given to future extracellular matrix detection methods, as well as to how future efforts could concentrate on fabricating the biomimetic tendons. Summarize recent research on the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components of tendons. Comments on current research methods concerning the structure of ECMs. Perspective on the future of multi-dimensional detection techniques and structural repair of tendon ECM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichen Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei Ju
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lingchong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
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30
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Regulatory properties of vitronectin and its glycosylation in collagen fibril formation and collagen-degrading enzyme cathepsin K activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12023. [PMID: 34103584 PMCID: PMC8187593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitronectin (VN) is a glycoprotein found in extracellular matrix and blood. Collagen, a major extracellular matrix component in mammals, is degraded by cathepsin K (CatK), which is essential for bone resorption under acidic conditions. The relationship between VN and cathepsins has been unclear. We discovered that VN promoted collagen fibril formation and inhibited CatK activity, and observed its activation in vitro. VN accelerated collagen fibril formation at neutral pH. Collagen fibers formed with VN were in close contact with each other and appeared as scattered flat masses in scanning electron microscopy images. VN formed collagen fibers with high acid solubility and significantly inhibited CatK; the IC50 was 8.1–16.6 nM and competitive, almost the same as those of human and porcine VNs. VN inhibited the autoprocessing of inactive pro-CatK from active CatK. DeN-glycosylation of VN attenuated the inhibitory effects of CatK and its autoprocessing by VN, but had little effect on acid solubilization of collagen and VN degradation via CatK. CatK inhibition is an attractive treatment approach for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. These findings suggest that glycosylated VN is a potential biological candidate for CatK inhibition and may help to understand the molecular mechanisms of tissue re-modeling.
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31
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Neill T, Kapoor A, Xie C, Buraschi S, Iozzo RV. A functional outside-in signaling network of proteoglycans and matrix molecules regulating autophagy. Matrix Biol 2021; 100-101:118-149. [PMID: 33838253 PMCID: PMC8355044 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteoglycans and selected extracellular matrix constituents are emerging as intrinsic and critical regulators of evolutionarily conversed, intracellular catabolic pathways. Often, these secreted molecules evoke sustained autophagy in a variety of cell types, tissues, and model systems. The unique properties of proteoglycans have ushered in a paradigmatic shift to broaden our understanding of matrix-mediated signaling cascades. The dynamic cellular pathway controlling autophagy is now linked to an equally dynamic and fluid signaling network embedded in a complex meshwork of matrix molecules. A rapidly emerging field of research encompasses multiple matrix-derived candidates, representing a menagerie of soluble matrix constituents including decorin, biglycan, endorepellin, endostatin, collagen VI and plasminogen kringle 5. These matrix constituents are pro-autophagic and simultaneously anti-angiogenic. In contrast, perlecan, laminin α2 chain, and lumican have anti-autophagic functions. Mechanistically, each matrix constituent linked to intracellular catabolic events engages a specific cell surface receptor that often converges on a common core of the autophagic machinery including AMPK, Peg3 and Beclin 1. We consider this matrix-evoked autophagy as non-canonical given that it occurs in an allosteric manner and is independent of nutrient availability or prevailing bioenergetics control. We propose that matrix-regulated autophagy is an important outside-in signaling mechanism for proper tissue homeostasis that could be therapeutically leveraged to combat a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Aastha Kapoor
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Xie
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Simone Buraschi
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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32
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Muzzio N, Moya S, Romero G. Multifunctional Scaffolds and Synergistic Strategies in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:792. [PMID: 34073311 PMCID: PMC8230126 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for organ replacements in a growing world with an aging population as well as the loss of tissues and organs due to congenital defects, trauma and diseases has resulted in rapidly evolving new approaches for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial component in tissues and organs that surrounds and acts as a physical environment for cells. Thus, ECM has become a model guide for the design and fabrication of scaffolds and biomaterials in TERM. However, the fabrication of a tissue/organ replacement or its regeneration is a very complex process and often requires the combination of several strategies such as the development of scaffolds with multiple functionalities and the simultaneous delivery of growth factors, biochemical signals, cells, genes, immunomodulatory agents, and external stimuli. Although the development of multifunctional scaffolds and biomaterials is one of the most studied approaches for TERM, all these strategies can be combined among them to develop novel synergistic approaches for tissue regeneration. In this review we discuss recent advances in which multifunctional scaffolds alone or combined with other strategies have been employed for TERM purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Muzzio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
| | - Sergio Moya
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 182 C, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Gabriela Romero
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
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33
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Gamsjaeger S, Eriksen EF, Paschalis EP. Effect of hormone replacement therapy on bone formation quality and mineralization regulation mechanisms in early postmenopausal women. Bone Rep 2021; 14:101055. [PMID: 33850974 PMCID: PMC8022851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-menopausal osteoporosis is characterized by a negative imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption resulting in a net bone loss, increasing the risk of fracture. One of the earliest interventions to protect against this was hormonal replacement therapy (HRT). Bone strength depends on both the amount and quality of bone, the latter including compositional / material and structural properties. Bone compositional / material properties are greatly dependent on both patient-, and tissue-age. Raman spectroscopy is an analytical tool ideally suited for the determination of bone compositional / material properties as a function of tissue age as it is capable of analyzing areas ~1 × 1 μm2 in tetracycline labeled bone forming areas. Using such analysis of humeri from an ovariectomized primate animal model, we reported that loss of estrogen results in alteration in the mineralization regulation mechanisms by osteoid organic matrix attributes at actively forming bone surfaces. In the present work, we used Raman microspectroscopic techniques to compare osteoid and youngest mineralized tissue composition, as well as relationships between osteoid organic matrix quality and quality attributes of the earliest mineralized tissue in paired iliac crest biopsies obtained from early postmenopausal women before and after two years of HRT therapy. Significant correlations between osteoid proteoglycans, sulfated proteoglycans, pyridinoline, and earliest mineralized tissue mineral content were observed, suggesting that in addition to changes in bone turnover rates, HRT affects the osteoid composition, mineralization regulation mechanisms, and potentially fibrillogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gamsjaeger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Osteology, at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - E F Eriksen
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University, Oslo, Norway
| | - E P Paschalis
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Osteology, at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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34
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Musiime M, Chang J, Hansen U, Kadler KE, Zeltz C, Gullberg D. Collagen Assembly at the Cell Surface: Dogmas Revisited. Cells 2021; 10:662. [PMID: 33809734 PMCID: PMC8002325 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increased awareness about the importance of the composition, organization, and stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) for tissue homeostasis, there is a renewed need to understand the details of how cells recognize, assemble and remodel the ECM during dynamic tissue reorganization events. Fibronectin (FN) and fibrillar collagens are major proteins in the ECM of interstitial matrices. Whereas FN is abundant in cell culture studies, it is often only transiently expressed in the acute phase of wound healing and tissue regeneration, by contrast fibrillar collagens form a persistent robust scaffold in healing and regenerating tissues. Historically fibrillar collagens in interstitial matrices were seen merely as structural building blocks. Cell anchorage to the collagen matrix was thought to be indirect and occurring via proteins like FN and cell surface-mediated collagen fibrillogenesis was believed to require a FN matrix. The isolation of four collagen-binding integrins have challenged this dogma, and we now know that cells anchor directly to monomeric forms of fibrillar collagens via the α1β1, α2β1, α10β1 and α11β1 integrins. The binding of these integrins to the mature fibrous collagen matrices is more controversial and depends on availability of integrin-binding sites. With increased awareness about the importance of characterizing the total integrin repertoire on cells, including the integrin collagen receptors, the idea of an absolute dependence on FN for cell-mediated collagen fibrillogenesis needs to be re-evaluated. We will summarize data suggesting that collagen-binding integrins in vitro and in vivo are perfectly well suited for nucleating and supporting collagen fibrillogenesis, independent of FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Musiime
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway; (M.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Joan Chang
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (J.C.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Uwe Hansen
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Karl E. Kadler
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (J.C.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Cédric Zeltz
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway; (M.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Donald Gullberg
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway; (M.M.); (C.Z.)
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35
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Fontanil T, Mohamedi Y, Espina-Casado J, Obaya ÁJ, Cobo T, Cal S. Hyalectanase Activities by the ADAMTS Metalloproteases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062988. [PMID: 33804223 PMCID: PMC8000579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hyalectan family is composed of the proteoglycans aggrecan, versican, brevican and neurocan. Hyalectans, also known as lecticans, are components of the extracellular matrix of different tissues and play essential roles in key biological processes including skeletal development, and they are related to the correct maintenance of the vascular and central nervous system. For instance, hyalectans participate in the organization of structures such as perineural nets and in the regulation of neurite outgrowth or brain recovery following a traumatic injury. The ADAMTS (A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease domains, with thrombospondin motifs) family consists of 19 secreted metalloproteases. These enzymes also perform important roles in the structural organization and function of the extracellular matrix through interactions with other matrix components or as a consequence of their catalytic activity. In this regard, some of their preferred substrates are the hyalectans. In fact, ADAMTSs cleave hyalectans not only as a mechanism for clearance or turnover of proteoglycans but also to generate bioactive fragments which display specific functions. In this article we review some of the physiological and pathological effects derived from cleavages of hyalectans mediated by ADAMTSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Fontanil
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (T.F.); (Y.M.)
- Departamento de Investigación, Instituto Ordóñez, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yamina Mohamedi
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (T.F.); (Y.M.)
| | - Jorge Espina-Casado
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Álvaro J. Obaya
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Fisiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Teresa Cobo
- Departamento de Cirugía y Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Asturiano de Odontología, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (S.C.); Tel.: +34-985966014 (T.C.); +34-985106282 (S.C.)
| | - Santiago Cal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (T.F.); (Y.M.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (S.C.); Tel.: +34-985966014 (T.C.); +34-985106282 (S.C.)
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