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Ctortecka C, Clark NM, Boyle BW, Seth A, Mani DR, Udeshi ND, Carr SA. Automated single-cell proteomics providing sufficient proteome depth to study complex biology beyond cell type classifications. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5707. [PMID: 38977691 PMCID: PMC11231172 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent technological and computational advances in mass spectrometry-based single-cell proteomics have pushed the boundaries of sensitivity and throughput. However, reproducible quantification of thousands of proteins within a single cell remains challenging. To address some of those limitations, we present a dedicated sample preparation chip, the proteoCHIP EVO 96 that directly interfaces with the Evosep One. This, in combination with the Bruker timsTOF demonstrates double the identifications without manual sample handling and the newest generation timsTOF Ultra identifies up to 4000 with an average of 3500 protein groups per single HEK-293T without a carrier or match-between runs. Our workflow spans 4 orders of magnitude, identifies over 50 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, and profiles key regulatory proteins upon small molecule stimulation. This study demonstrates that the proteoCHIP EVO 96-based sample preparation with the timsTOF Ultra provides sufficient proteome depth to study complex biology beyond cell-type classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brian W Boyle
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - D R Mani
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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2
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Wang Z, Luo W, Zhao C, Yu M, Li H, Zhou F, Wang D, Bai F, Chen T, Xiong Y, Wu Y. FoxO1-modulated macrophage polarization regulates osteogenesis via PPAR-γ signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167333. [PMID: 38960054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis, a common chronic inflammatory disease, epitomizes a significant impairment in the host immune system and an imbalance of bone metabolism. Macrophage polarization, a dynamic process dictated by the microenvironment, intricately contributes to the interplay between the immune system and bone remodeling, namely the osteoimmune system. Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) has been shown to play a dramatic role in mediating oxidative stress, bone mass, as well as cellular metabolism. Nevertheless, the function and underlying mechanisms of FoxO1 in regulating macrophage polarization-mediated osteogenesis in periodontitis remain to be further elucidated. Here, we found that FoxO1 expression was closely linked to periodontitis, accompanied by aggravated inflammation. Notably, FoxO1 knockdown skewed macrophage polarization from M1 to the antiinflammatory M2 phenotype under inflammatory conditions, which rescued the impaired osteogenic potential. Mechanistically, we revealed that the enhancement of the transcription of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling in FoxO1-knockdown macrophages. In agreement with this contention, GW9662, a specific inhibitor of PPAR-γ signaling, greatly aggravated macrophage polarization from M2 to the M1 phenotype and attenuated osteogenic potential under inflammatory conditions. Additionally, PPAR-γ signaling agonist rosiglitazone (RSG) was applied to address ligature-induced periodontitis with attenuated inflammation. Our data lend conceptual credence to the function of FoxO1 in mediating macrophage polarization-regulated osteogenesis which serves as a novel therapeutic target for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenxin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Muqiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuwei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Mailloux RJ. The emerging importance of the α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes in serving as intracellular and intercellular signaling platforms for the regulation of metabolism. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103155. [PMID: 38615490 PMCID: PMC11021975 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (KDHc) class of mitochondrial enzymes is composed of four members: pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHc), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDHc), branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDHc), and 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase (OADHc). These enzyme complexes occupy critical metabolic intersections that connect monosaccharide, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism to Krebs cycle flux and oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). This feature also imbues KDHc enzymes with the heightened capacity to serve as platforms for propagation of intracellular and intercellular signaling. KDHc enzymes serve as a source and sink for mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (mtH2O2), a vital second messenger used to trigger oxidative eustress pathways. Notably, deactivation of KDHc enzymes through reversible oxidation by mtH2O2 and other electrophiles modulates the availability of several Krebs cycle intermediates and related metabolites which serve as powerful intracellular and intercellular messengers. The KDHc enzymes also play important roles in the modulation of mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic programming in the nucleus through the provision of various acyl-CoAs, which are used to acylate proteinaceous lysine residues. Intriguingly, nucleosomal control by acylation is also achieved through PDHc and KGDHc localization to the nuclear lumen. In this review, I discuss emerging concepts in the signaling roles fulfilled by the KDHc complexes. I highlight their vital function in serving as mitochondrial redox sensors and how this function can be used by cells to regulate the availability of critical metabolites required in cell signaling. Coupled with this, I describe in detail how defects in KDHc function can cause disease states through the disruption of cell redox homeodynamics and the deregulation of metabolic signaling. Finally, I propose that the intracellular and intercellular signaling functions of the KDHc enzymes are controlled through the reversible redox modification of the vicinal lipoic acid thiols in the E2 subunit of the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
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4
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Marques E, Kramer R, Ryan DG. Multifaceted mitochondria in innate immunity. NPJ METABOLIC HEALTH AND DISEASE 2024; 2:6. [PMID: 38812744 PMCID: PMC11129950 DOI: 10.1038/s44324-024-00008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The ability of mitochondria to transform the energy we obtain from food into cell phosphorylation potential has long been appreciated. However, recent decades have seen an evolution in our understanding of mitochondria, highlighting their significance as key signal-transducing organelles with essential roles in immunity that extend beyond their bioenergetic function. Importantly, mitochondria retain bacterial motifs as a remnant of their endosymbiotic origin that are recognised by innate immune cells to trigger inflammation and participate in anti-microbial defence. This review aims to explore how mitochondrial physiology, spanning from oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) to signalling of mitochondrial nucleic acids, metabolites, and lipids, influences the effector functions of phagocytes. These myriad effector functions include macrophage polarisation, efferocytosis, anti-bactericidal activity, antigen presentation, immune signalling, and cytokine regulation. Strict regulation of these processes is critical for organismal homeostasis that when disrupted may cause injury or contribute to disease. Thus, the expanding body of literature, which continues to highlight the central role of mitochondria in the innate immune system, may provide insights for the development of the next generation of therapies for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloïse Marques
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robbin Kramer
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dylan G. Ryan
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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5
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Pinello N, Song R, Lee Q, Calonne E, Duan KL, Wong E, Tieng J, Mehravar M, Rong B, Lan F, Roediger B, Ma CJ, Yuan BF, Rasko JEJ, Larance M, Ye D, Fuks F, Wong JJL. Dynamic changes in RNA m 6A and 5 hmC influence gene expression programs during macrophage differentiation and polarisation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:229. [PMID: 38780787 PMCID: PMC11116364 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
RNA modifications are essential for the establishment of cellular identity. Although increasing evidence indicates that RNA modifications regulate the innate immune response, their role in monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and polarisation is unclear. While m6A has been widely studied, other RNA modifications, including 5 hmC, remain poorly characterised. We profiled m6A and 5 hmC epitranscriptomes, transcriptomes, translatomes and proteomes of monocytes and macrophages at rest and pro- and anti-inflammatory states. Transcriptome-wide mapping of m6A and 5 hmC reveals enrichment of m6A and/or 5 hmC on specific categories of transcripts essential for macrophage differentiation. Our analyses indicate that m6A and 5 hmC modifications are present in transcripts with critical functions in pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages. Notably, we also discover the co-occurrence of m6A and 5 hmC on alternatively-spliced isoforms and/or opposing ends of the untranslated regions (UTR) of mRNAs with key roles in macrophage biology. In specific examples, RNA 5 hmC controls the decay of transcripts independently of m6A. This study provides (i) a comprehensive dataset to interrogate the role of RNA modifications in a plastic system (ii) a resource for exploring different layers of gene expression regulation in the context of human monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and polarisation, (iii) new insights into RNA modifications as central regulators of effector cells in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pinello
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Renhua Song
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
| | - Quintin Lee
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
| | - Emilie Calonne
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kun-Long Duan
- The Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Emilie Wong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
| | - Jessica Tieng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
| | - Majid Mehravar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
| | - Bowen Rong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fei Lan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ben Roediger
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Skin Inflammation Group, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation (ATI) Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheng-Jie Ma
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bi-Feng Yuan
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - John E J Rasko
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Cell and Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, 2050, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Dan Ye
- The Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - François Fuks
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Justin J-L Wong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia.
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
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6
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Zhao N, Yi M, Zhang LJ, Zhang QX, Yang L. 4-Octyl Itaconate Attenuates Neuroinflammation in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Via Regulating Microglia. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02050-1. [PMID: 38761250 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal activation of microglia, the resident macrophages in the central nervous system, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The immune responsive gene 1(IRG1)/itaconate axis is involved in regulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. 4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI), a derivative of itaconate, plays a crucial immunomodulatory role in macrophages. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of action of 4-OI on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and inflammatory BV2 microglia. In an EAE mouse model, clinical evaluation was conducted during the disease course. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess inflammatory infiltration and Luxol Fast Blue was used to visualize pathological damage. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate inflammatory response and microglial function status in EAE mice. BV2 microglia were used to further investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of 4-OI in vitro. 4-OI significantly alleviated the clinical symptoms of EAE, the inflammatory infiltration, and demyelination; reduced the levels of inflammatory factors; and inhibited the classical activation of microglia in the spinal cord. 4-OI successfully suppressed the classical activation of BV2 microglia and decreased the levels of inflammatory factors by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, 4-OI downregulated IRG1 expression in both EAE mice and inflammatory BV2 microglia. 4-OI attenuates the microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and has promising therapeutic effects in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Qiu-Xia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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7
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Ball AB, Jones AE, Nguyễn KB, Rios A, Marx N, Hsieh WY, Yang K, Desousa BR, Kim KK, Veliova M, del Mundo ZM, Shirihai OS, Benincá C, Stiles L, Bensinger SJ, Divakaruni AS. Pro-inflammatory macrophage activation does not require inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593451. [PMID: 38798678 PMCID: PMC11118427 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory macrophage activation is a hallmark example of how mitochondria serve as signaling organelles. Upon classical macrophage activation, oxidative phosphorylation sharply decreases and mitochondria are repurposed to accumulate signals that amplify effector function. However, evidence is conflicting as to whether this collapse in respiration is essential or largely dispensable. Here we systematically examine this question and show that reduced oxidative phosphorylation is not required for pro-inflammatory macrophage activation. Only stimuli that engage both MyD88- and TRIF-linked pathways decrease mitochondrial respiration, and different pro-inflammatory stimuli have varying effects on other bioenergetic parameters. Additionally, pharmacologic and genetic models of electron transport chain inhibition show no direct link between respiration and pro-inflammatory activation. Studies in mouse and human macrophages also reveal accumulation of the signaling metabolites succinate and itaconate can occur independently of characteristic breaks in the TCA cycle. Finally, in vivo activation of peritoneal macrophages further demonstrates that a pro-inflammatory response can be elicited without reductions to oxidative phosphorylation. Taken together, the results suggest the conventional model of mitochondrial reprogramming upon macrophage activation is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa B. Ball
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony E. Jones
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kaitlyn B. Nguyễn
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy Rios
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nico Marx
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Dynamics Section, University of Münster, Schloßplatz 5, D-49078 Münster, Germany
| | - Wei Yuan Hsieh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Krista Yang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brandon R. Desousa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristen K.O. Kim
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michaela Veliova
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zena Marie del Mundo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Orian S. Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cristiane Benincá
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven J. Bensinger
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ajit S. Divakaruni
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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8
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Kumar V, Stewart Iv JH. Pattern-Recognition Receptors and Immunometabolic Reprogramming: What We Know and What to Explore. J Innate Immun 2024; 16:295-323. [PMID: 38740018 PMCID: PMC11250681 DOI: 10.1159/000539278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolutionarily, immune response is a complex mechanism that protects the host from internal and external threats. Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize MAMPs, PAMPs, and DAMPs to initiate a protective pro-inflammatory immune response. PRRs are expressed on the cell membranes by TLR1, 2, 4, and 6 and in the cytosolic organelles by TLR3, 7, 8, and 9, NLRs, ALRs, and cGLRs. We know their downstream signaling pathways controlling immunoregulatory and pro-inflammatory immune response. However, the impact of PRRs on metabolic control of immune cells to control their pro- and anti-inflammatory activity has not been discussed extensively. SUMMARY Immune cell metabolism or immunometabolism critically determines immune cells' pro-inflammatory phenotype and function. The current article discusses immunometabolic reprogramming (IR) upon activation of different PRRs, such as TLRs, NLRs, cGLRs, and RLRs. The duration and type of PRR activated, species studied, and location of immune cells to specific organ are critical factors to determine the IR-induced immune response. KEY MESSAGE The work herein describes IR upon TLR, NLR, cGLR, and RLR activation. Understanding IR upon activating different PRRs is critical for designing better immune cell-specific immunotherapeutics and immunomodulators targeting inflammation and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical Education Building-C, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John H Stewart Iv
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical Education Building-C, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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9
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Yurakova TR, Gorshkova EA, Nosenko MA, Drutskaya MS. Metabolic Adaptations and Functional Activity of Macrophages in Homeostasis and Inflammation. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:817-838. [PMID: 38880644 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924050043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the role of cellular metabolism in immunity has come into the focus of many studies. These processes form a basis for the maintenance of tissue integrity and homeostasis, as well as represent an integral part of the immune response, in particular, inflammation. Metabolic adaptations not only ensure energy supply for immune response, but also affect the functions of immune cells by controlling transcriptional and post-transcriptional programs. Studying the immune cell metabolism facilitates the search for new treatment approaches, especially for metabolic disorders. Macrophages, innate immune cells, are characterized by a high functional plasticity and play a key role in homeostasis and inflammation. Depending on the phenotype and origin, they can either perform various regulatory functions or promote inflammation state, thus exacerbating the pathological condition. Furthermore, their adaptations to the tissue-specific microenvironment influence the intensity and type of immune response. The review examines the effect of metabolic reprogramming in macrophages on the functional activity of these cells and their polarization. The role of immunometabolic adaptations of myeloid cells in tissue homeostasis and in various pathological processes in the context of inflammatory and metabolic diseases is specifically discussed. Finally, modulation of the macrophage metabolism-related mechanisms reviewed as a potential therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisiya R Yurakova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Gorshkova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Maxim A Nosenko
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02F306, Ireland
| | - Marina S Drutskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Federal Territory Sirius, 354340, Russia
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10
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Wu T, Wang L, Jian C, Gao C, Liu Y, Fu Z, Shi C. Regulatory T cell-derived exosome mediated macrophages polarization for osteogenic differentiation in fracture repair. J Control Release 2024; 369:266-282. [PMID: 38508525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Refractory fracture presents an intractable challenge in trauma treatment. Selective polarization of macrophages as well as the recruitment of osteogenic precursor cells play key roles in osteogenic differentiation during fracture healing. Here we constructed regulatory T cell (Treg)-derived exosomes (Treg-Exo) for the treatment of fracture. The obtained exosomes displayed a spheroid shape with a hydrated particle size of approximately 130 nm. With further purification using CD39 and CD73 antibody-modified microfluidic chips, CD39 and CD73 specifically expressing exosomes were obtained. This kind of Treg-Exo utilized the ectonucleotidases of CD39 and CD73 to catalyze the high level of ATP in the fracture area into adenosine. The generated adenosine further promoted the selective polarization of macrophages. When interacting with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs, osteogenic precursor cells), both Treg-Exo and Treg-Exo primed macrophages facilitated the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. After administration in vivo, Treg-Exo effectively promoted fracture healing compared with conventional T cell-derived exosome. To further improve the delivery efficacy of exosomes and integrate multiple biological processes of fracture healing, an injectable hydrogel was fabricated to co-deliver Treg-Exo and stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1α). With the dual effect of Treg-Exo for macrophage polarization and SDF-1α for MSC recruitment, the multifunctional hydrogel exerted a synergistic effect on fracture repair acceleration. This study provided a promising therapeutic candidate and synergistic strategy for the clinical treatment of fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chen Jian
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhiwen Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan 430022, China.
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11
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Wen X, Ni J, Zeng S, Song Z, Qiu W. One-Pot Synthesis of Nanoflower-Like Zn 2SnS 4 as Nanozymes for Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of H 2O 2 Released by Living Cells. Chemistry 2024:e202400700. [PMID: 38625164 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The sensitive and reliable nanozyme-based sensor enables the detection of low concentrations of H2O2 in biological microenvironments, it has potential applications as an in-situ monitoring platform for cellular H2O2 release. The uniformly dispersed bimetallic sulfide (Zn2SnS4) nanoflowers were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method and the two kinds of metal ions can serve as morphology and structure directing agents for each other in the synthetic process. The nanoparticles were utilized as nanozyme materials to fabricate a novel electrochemical sensor, and it exhibits a distinct electrochemical response towards H2O2 with excellent stability and detection capability (with a minimum detection limit of 1.79 nM (S/N=3)), the excellent characteristics facilitate the precise detection of low concentrations of H2O2 in biological microenvironments. Use the macrophages differentiated from leukemia THP-1 cells as a representative sensing model, the sensor was successfully utilized for real-time monitoring of the release of H2O2 induced by living cells, which has significant potential applications in clinical diagnosis and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wen
- The Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, PR China
| | - Jiancong Ni
- The Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, PR China
| | - Shunmu Zeng
- The Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, PR China
| | - Zhiping Song
- The Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, PR China
| | - Weiwei Qiu
- The Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, PR China
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12
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Sun Y, Liang JJ, Xu J, Zhou K, Fu C, Chen SL, Yang R, Ng TK, Liu Q, Zhang M. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein changes the inflammatory status and metabolomics profiles in human and mouse macrophages and microglia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28806. [PMID: 38617955 PMCID: PMC11015420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The conjunctiva of primary open angle glaucoma patients showed high level of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), which is associated with the inflammatory response. Microglia and macrophages are the immune cells involved in retinal ganglion cell survival regulation; yet, their roles of the ox-LDL-induced inflammation in glaucoma remain elusive. Here we aimed to investigate the lipid uptake, inflammatory cytokine expression, and metabolomics profiles of human and murine-derived microglial and macrophage cell lines treated with ox-LDL. Under the same ox-LDL concentration, macrophages exhibited higher lipid uptake and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines as compared to microglia. The ox-LDL increased the levels of fatty acid metabolites in macrophages and sphingomyelin metabolites in microglia. In summary, this study revealed the heterogeneity in the inflammatory capacity and metabolic profiles of macrophages and microglia under the stimulation of ox-LDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Sun
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Jian Liang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kewen Zhou
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changzhen Fu
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
| | - Shao-Lang Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
| | - Rucui Yang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tsz Kin Ng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qingping Liu
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Gaungdong, China
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13
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Russo M, Gualdrini F, Vallelonga V, Prosperini E, Noberini R, Pedretti S, Borriero C, Di Chiaro P, Polletti S, Imperato G, Marenda M, Ghirardi C, Bedin F, Cuomo A, Rodighiero S, Bonaldi T, Mitro N, Ghisletti S, Natoli G. Acetyl-CoA production by Mediator-bound 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases boosts de novo histone acetylation and is regulated by nitric oxide. Mol Cell 2024; 84:967-980.e10. [PMID: 38242130 PMCID: PMC7615796 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Histone-modifying enzymes depend on the availability of cofactors, with acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) being required for histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. The discovery that mitochondrial acyl-CoA-producing enzymes translocate to the nucleus suggests that high concentrations of locally synthesized metabolites may impact acylation of histones and other nuclear substrates, thereby controlling gene expression. Here, we show that 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases are stably associated with the Mediator complex, thus providing a local supply of acetyl-CoA and increasing the generation of hyper-acetylated histone tails. Nitric oxide (NO), which is produced in large amounts in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, inhibited the activity of Mediator-associated 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases. Elevation of NO levels and the disruption of Mediator complex integrity both affected de novo histone acetylation within a shared set of genomic regions. Our findings indicate that the local supply of acetyl-CoA generated by 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases bound to Mediator is required to maximize acetylation of histone tails at sites of elevated HAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Russo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy.
| | - Francesco Gualdrini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy.
| | - Veronica Vallelonga
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Elena Prosperini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Roberta Noberini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Silvia Pedretti
- DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Carolina Borriero
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Di Chiaro
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Sara Polletti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Gabriele Imperato
- DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Mattia Marenda
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Chiara Ghirardi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Fabio Bedin
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cuomo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Simona Rodighiero
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy; Department of Hematology and Hematology-Oncology (DIPO), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy; DiSFeB, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Serena Ghisletti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy.
| | - Gioacchino Natoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan 20139, Italy.
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14
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Fang B, Wang L, Liu S, Zhou M, Ma H, Chang N, Ning G. Sarsasapogenin regulates the immune microenvironment through MAPK/NF-kB signaling pathway and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25145. [PMID: 38322941 PMCID: PMC10844052 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs as a result of traumatic events that damage the spinal cord, leading to motor, sensory, or autonomic function impairment. Sarsasapogenin (SA), a natural steroidal compound, has been reported to have various pharmacological applications, including the treatment of inflammation, diabetic nephropathy, and neuroprotection. However, the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of SA in the context of SCI are still unclear. This research aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of SA against SCI by integrating network pharmacology analysis and experimental verification. Network pharmacology results suggested that SA may effectively treat SCI by targeting key targets such as TNF, RELA, JUN, MAPK14, and MAPK8. The underlying mechanism of this treatment may involve the MAPK (JNK) signaling pathway and inflammation-related signaling pathways such as TNF and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of SA in SCI treatment and provide valuable insights into its molecular mechanisms of action. In vivo experiments confirmed the reparative effect of SA on SCI in rats and suggested that SA could repair SCI by modulating the immune microenvironment. In vitro experiments further investigated how SA regulates the immune microenvironment by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-kB pathways. Overall, this study successfully utilized a combination of network pharmacology and experimental verification to establish that SA can regulate the immune microenvironment via the MAPK/NF-kB signaling pathway, ultimately facilitating functional recovery from SCI. Furthermore, these findings emphasize the potential of natural compounds from traditional Chinese medicine as a viable therapy for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Fang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Othopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Othopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liyue Wang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Othopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Liu
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Othopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Othopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongpeng Ma
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Othopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Nianwei Chang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangzhi Ning
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Othopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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15
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Ctortecka C, Clark NM, Boyle B, Seth A, Mani DR, Udeshi ND, Carr SA. Automated single-cell proteomics providing sufficient proteome depth to study complex biology beyond cell type classifications. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.20.576369. [PMID: 38328197 PMCID: PMC10849471 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.20.576369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based single-cell proteomics (SCP) has gained massive attention as a viable complement to other single cell approaches. The rapid technological and computational advances in the field have pushed the boundaries of sensitivity and throughput. However, reproducible quantification of thousands of proteins within a single cell at reasonable proteome depth to characterize biological phenomena remains a challenge. To address some of those limitations we present a combination of fully automated single cell sample preparation utilizing a dedicated chip within the picolitre dispensing robot, the cellenONE. The proteoCHIP EVO 96 can be directly interfaced with the Evosep One chromatographic system for in-line desalting and highly reproducible separation with a throughput of 80 samples per day. This, in combination with the Bruker timsTOF MS instruments, demonstrates double the identifications without manual sample handling. Moreover, relative to standard high-performance liquid chromatography, the Evosep One separation provides further 2-fold improvement in protein identifications. The implementation of the newest generation timsTOF Ultra with our proteoCHIP EVO 96-based sample preparation workflow reproducibly identifies up to 4,000 proteins per single HEK-293T without a carrier or match-between runs. Our current SCP depth spans over 4 orders of magnitude and identifies over 50 biologically relevant ubiquitin ligases. We complement our highly reproducible single-cell proteomics workflow to profile hundreds of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-perturbed THP-1 cells and identified key regulatory proteins involved in interleukin and interferon signaling. This study demonstrates that the proteoCHIP EVO 96-based SCP sample preparation with the timsTOF Ultra provides sufficient proteome depth to study complex biology beyond cell-type classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ctortecka
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Natalie M. Clark
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian Boyle
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anjali Seth
- Cellenion SASU, 60F avenue Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - D. R. Mani
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Namrata D. Udeshi
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven A. Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, 02142 Cambridge, MA, USA
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16
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Dussold C, Zilinger K, Turunen J, Heimberger AB, Miska J. Modulation of macrophage metabolism as an emerging immunotherapy strategy for cancer. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175445. [PMID: 38226622 PMCID: PMC10786697 DOI: 10.1172/jci175445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism is a burgeoning field of research that investigates how immune cells harness nutrients to drive their growth and functions. Myeloid cells play a pivotal role in tumor biology, yet their metabolic influence on tumor growth and antitumor immune responses remains inadequately understood. This Review explores the metabolic landscape of tumor-associated macrophages, including the immunoregulatory roles of glucose, fatty acids, glutamine, and arginine, alongside the tools used to perturb their metabolism to promote antitumor immunity. The confounding role of metabolic inhibitors on our interpretation of myeloid metabolic phenotypes will also be discussed. A binary metabolic schema is currently used to describe macrophage immunological phenotypes, characterizing inflammatory M1 phenotypes, as supported by glycolysis, and immunosuppressive M2 phenotypes, as supported by oxidative phosphorylation. However, this classification likely underestimates the variety of states in vivo. Understanding these nuances will be critical when developing interventional metabolic strategies. Future research should focus on refining drug specificity and targeted delivery methods to maximize therapeutic efficacy.
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17
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Tang Y, Du Y, Ye J, Deng L, Cui W. Intestine-Targeted Explosive Hydrogel Microsphere Promotes Uric Acid Excretion for Gout Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310492. [PMID: 37997010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid metabolism disorder triggers metabolic diseases, especially gout. However, increasing uric acid excretion remains a challenge. Here, an accelerative uric acid excretion pathway via an oral intestine-explosive hydrogel microsphere merely containing uricase and dopamine is reported. After oral administration, uricase is exposed and immobilized on intestinal mucosa along with an in situ dopamine polymerization via a cascade reaction triggered by the intestinal specific environment. By this means, trace amount of uricase is required to in situ up-regulate uric acid transporter proteins of intestinal epithelial cells, causing accelerated intestinal uric acid excretion. From in vitro data, the uric acid in fecal samples from gout patients could be significantly reduced by up to 37% by the mimic mucosa-immobilized uricase on the isolated porcine tissues. Both hyperuricemia and acute gouty arthritis in vivo mouse models confirm the uric acid excretion efficacy of intestine-explosive hydrogel microspheres. Fecal uric acid excretion is increased around 30% and blood uric acid is reduced more than 70%. In addition, 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing showed that the microspheres optimized intestinal flora composition as well. In conclusion, a unique pathway via the intestine in situ regulation to realize an efficient uric acid intestinal excretion for gout therapy is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkai Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Du
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Junna Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
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18
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Gan Z, Zhao M, Xia Y, Yan Y, Ren W. Carbon metabolism in the regulation of macrophage functions. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:62-73. [PMID: 37778898 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon metabolism, including one-carbon (1C) metabolism and central carbon metabolism (CCM), provides energy for the cell and generates metabolites with signaling activities. The regulation of macrophage polarization involves complex signals and includes an epigenetic level. Epigenetic modifications through changes in carbon metabolism allow macrophages to respond in a timely manner to their environment and adapt to metabolic demands during macrophage polarization. Here we summarize the current understanding of the crosstalk between carbon metabolism and epigenetic modifications in macrophages under physiological conditions and in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and provide targets and further directions for macrophage-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhending Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Muyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuqi Yan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenkai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China.
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19
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John SV, Seim GL, Erazo-Flores BJ, Steill J, Freeman J, Votava JA, Arp NL, Qing X, Stewart R, Knoll LJ, Fan J. Macrophages undergo functionally significant reprograming of nucleotide metabolism upon classical activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.27.573447. [PMID: 38234794 PMCID: PMC10793465 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.27.573447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
During an immune response, macrophages systematically rewire their metabolism in specific ways to support their diversve functions. However, current knowledge of macrophage metabolism is largely concentrated on central carbon metabolism. Using multi-omics analysis, we identified nucleotide metabolism as one of the most significantly rewired pathways upon classical activation. Further isotopic tracing studies revealed several major changes underlying the substantial metabolomic alterations: 1) de novo synthesis of both purines and pyrimidines is shut down at several specific steps; 2) nucleotide degradation activity to nitrogenous bases is increased but complete oxidation of bases is reduced, causing a great accumulation of nucleosides and bases; and 3) cells gradually switch to primarily relying on salvaging the nucleosides and bases for maintaining most nucleotide pools. Mechanistically, the inhibition of purine nucleotide de novo synthesis is mainly caused by nitric oxide (NO)-driven inhibition of the IMP synthesis enzyme ATIC, with NO-independent transcriptional downregulation of purine synthesis genes augmenting the effect. The inhibition of pyrimidine nucleotide de novo synthesis is driven by NO-driven inhibition of CTP synthetase (CTPS) and transcriptional downregulation of thymidylate synthase (TYMS). For the rewiring of degradation, purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and uridine phosphorylase (UPP) are transcriptionally upregulated, increasing nucleoside degradation activity. However, complete degradation of purine bases by xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is inhibited by NO, diverting flux into nucleotide salvage. Inhibiting the activation-induced switch from nucleotide de novo synthesis to salvage by knocking out the purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosporibosyl transferase (Hprt) significantly alters the expression of genes important for activated macrophage functions, suppresses macrophage migration, and increases pyroptosis. Furthermore, knocking out Hprt or Xor increases proliferation of the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii in macrophages. Together, these studies comprehensively reveal the characteristics, the key regulatory mechanisms, and the functional importance of the dynamic rewiring of nucleotide metabolism in classically activated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven V John
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Gretchen L Seim
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Billy J Erazo-Flores
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - John Steill
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
| | | | | | - Nicholas L Arp
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Xin Qing
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Ron Stewart
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
| | - Laura J Knoll
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Lead contact
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20
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Shi X, Gao F, Zhao X, Pei C, Zhu L, Zhang J, Li C, Li L, Kong X. Role of HIF in fish inflammation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109222. [PMID: 37956798 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducing factor (HIF) is a central transcription factor in cellular oxygen sensing and regulation. It is common that the inflammation always appears in many diseases, like infectious diseases in fishes, and the inflammation is often accompanied by hypoxia, as a hallmark of inflammation. Besides coordinating cellular responses to low oxygen, HIF-mediated hypoxia signaling pathway is also crucial for immune responses such as the regulations of innate immune cell phenotype and function, as well as metabolic reprogramming under the inflammation. However, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which HIFs regulate the inflammatory response in fish is still very limited. Here, we review the characteristics of HIF as well as its roles in innate immune cells and the infections caused by bacteria and viruses. The regulatory effects of HIF on the metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells are also discussed and the future research directions are outlooked. This paper will serve as a reference for elucidating the molecular mechanism of HIF regulating inflammation and identifying treatment strategies to target HIF for fish disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Shi
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China; Sanquan Medical College, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chao Pei
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China.
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21
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Arp NL, Seim GL, Votava JA, Josephson J, Fan J. Reactive nitrogen species inhibit branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex and impact muscle cell metabolism. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105333. [PMID: 37827290 PMCID: PMC10656228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Branched chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) is the rate-limiting enzyme in branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism, a metabolic pathway with great importance for human health. BCKDC belongs to the mitochondrial α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex family, which also includes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Here, we revealed that BCKDC can be substantially inhibited by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) via a mechanism similar to what we recently discovered with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex-RNS can cause inactivating covalent modifications of the lipoic arm on its E2 subunit. In addition, we showed that such reaction between RNS and the lipoic arm of the E2 subunit can further promote inhibition of the E3 subunits of α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. We examined the impacts of this RNS-mediated BCKDC inhibition in muscle cells, an important site of BCAA metabolism, and demonstrated that the nitric oxide production induced by cytokine stimulation leads to a strong inhibition of BCKDC activity and BCAA oxidation in myotubes and myoblasts. More broadly, nitric oxide production reduced the level of functional lipoic arms across the multiple α-ketoacid dehydrogenases and led to intracellular accumulation of their substrates (α-ketoacids), decrease of their products (acyl-CoAs), and a lower cellular energy charge. In sum, this work revealed a new mechanism for BCKDC regulation, demonstrated that RNS can generally inhibit all α-ketoacid dehydrogenases, which has broad physiological implications across multiple cell types, and elucidated the mechanistic connection between RNS-driven inhibitory modifications on the E2 and E3 subunits of α-ketoacid dehydrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L Arp
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gretchen L Seim
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - James A Votava
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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22
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Zhao G, Lu H, Liu Y, Xue C, Chang Z, Liu H, Deng Y, Liang W, Wang H, Rom O, Garcia-Barrio MT, Zhu T, Guo Y, Chang L, Lin J, Chen YE, Zhang J. Myeloid BAF60a deficiency alters metabolic homeostasis and exacerbates atherosclerosis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113171. [PMID: 37768825 PMCID: PMC10842557 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a leading health concern, stems from the dynamic involvement of immune cells in vascular plaques. Despite its significance, the interplay between chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation in plaque macrophages is understudied. We discovered the reduced expression of Baf60a, a component of the switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex, in macrophages from advanced plaques. Myeloid-specific Baf60a deletion compromised mitochondrial integrity and heightened adhesion, apoptosis, and plaque development. BAF60a preserves mitochondrial energy homeostasis under pro-atherogenic stimuli by retaining nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) accessibility at critical genes. Overexpression of BAF60a rescued mitochondrial dysfunction in an NRF1-dependent manner. This study illuminates the BAF60a-NRF1 axis as a mitochondrial function modulator in atherosclerosis, proposing the rejuvenation of perturbed chromatin remodeling machinery as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Guizhen Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yaozhong Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ziyi Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yongjie Deng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wenying Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Huilun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Oren Rom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Minerva T Garcia-Barrio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tianqing Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jiandie Lin
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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23
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Jiang M, Yin J, Zhixue C, Munang’andu HM. Editorial: Metabolic regulation in immune processes against microbial infections. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1320443. [PMID: 37965308 PMCID: PMC10641868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1320443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Zhixue
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Abstract
Metabolic switches are a crucial hallmark of cellular development and regeneration. In response to changes in their environment or physiological state, cells undergo coordinated metabolic switching that is necessary to execute biosynthetic demands of growth and repair. In this Review, we discuss how metabolic switches represent an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that orchestrates tissue development and regeneration, allowing cells to adapt rapidly to changing conditions during development and postnatally. We further explore the dynamic interplay between metabolism and how it is not only an output, but also a driver of cellular functions, such as cell proliferation and maturation. Finally, we underscore the epigenetic and cellular mechanisms by which metabolic switches mediate biosynthetic needs during development and regeneration, and how understanding these mechanisms is important for advancing our knowledge of tissue development and devising new strategies to promote tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I. Mahmoud
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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25
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Gindri dos Santos B, Goedeke L. Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. IMMUNOMETABOLISM (COBHAM, SURREY) 2023; 5:e00032. [PMID: 37849988 PMCID: PMC10578522 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play fundamental roles in atherosclerotic plaque formation, growth, and regression. These cells are extremely plastic and perform different immune functions depending on the stimuli they receive. Initial in vitro studies have identified specific metabolic pathways that are crucial for the proper function of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving macrophages. However, the plaque microenvironment, especially in the context of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, constantly challenges macrophages with several simultaneous inflammatory and metabolic stimuli, which may explain why atherosclerosis is accelerated in diabetic patients. In this mini review, we discuss how macrophage mitochondrial function and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids may be affected by this complex plaque microenvironment and how risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes alter the metabolic rewiring of macrophages and disease progression. We also briefly discuss current challenges in assessing macrophage metabolism and identify future tools and possible strategies to alter macrophage metabolism to improve treatment options for diabetes-associated atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Gindri dos Santos
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leigh Goedeke
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), The Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Russo M, Pileri F, Ghisletti S. Novel insights into the role of acetyl-CoA producing enzymes in epigenetic regulation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1272646. [PMID: 37842307 PMCID: PMC10570720 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1272646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation-dependent changes in gene expression programs in innate immune cells, such as macrophages, involve extensive reprogramming of metabolism. This reprogramming is essential for the production of metabolites required for chromatin modifications, such as acetyl-CoA, and regulate their usage and availability impacting the macrophage epigenome. One of the most transcriptionally induced proinflammatory mediator is nitric oxide (NO), which has been shown to inhibit key metabolic enzymes involved in the production of these metabolites. Recent evidence indicates that NO inhibits mitochondrial enzymes such as pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) in macrophages induced by inflammatory stimulus. PDH is involved in the production of acetyl-CoA, which is essential for chromatin modifications in the nucleus, such as histone acetylation. In addition, acetyl-CoA levels in inflamed macrophages are regulated by ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and citrate transporter SLC25A1. Interestingly, acetyl-CoA producing enzymes, such as PDH and ACLY, have also been reported to be present in the nucleus and to support the local generation of cofactors such as acetyl-CoA. Here, we will discuss the mechanisms involved in the regulation of acetyl-CoA production by metabolic enzymes, their inhibition by prolonged exposure to inflammation stimuli, their involvement in dynamic inflammatory expression changes and how these emerging findings could have significant implications for the design of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Serena Ghisletti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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27
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Povo-Retana A, Landauro-Vera R, Fariñas M, Sánchez-García S, Alvarez-Lucena C, Marin S, Cascante M, Boscá L. Defining the metabolic signatures associated with human macrophage polarisation. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1429-1436. [PMID: 37449892 PMCID: PMC10586766 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are essential components of the innate immune system that play both homeostatic roles in healthy organs, and host defence functions against pathogens after tissue injury. To accomplish their physiological role, macrophages display different profiles of gene expression, immune function, and metabolic phenotypes that allow these cells to participate in different steps of the inflammatory reaction, from the initiation to the resolution phase. In addition, significant differences exist in the phenotype of macrophages depending on the tissue in which they are present and on the mammalian species. From a metabolic point of view, macrophages are essentially glycolytic cells; however, their metabolic fluxes are dependent on the functional polarisation of these cells. This metabolic and cellular plasticity offers the possibility to interfere with the activity of macrophages to avoid harmful effects due to persistent activation or the release of molecules that delay tissue recovery after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Povo-Retana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Landauro-Vera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Fariñas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine-Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Sánchez-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota Alvarez-Lucena
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Marin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine-Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cascante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine-Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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28
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Palmieri EM, Holewinski R, McGinity CL, Pierri CL, Maio N, Weiss JM, Tragni V, Miranda KM, Rouault TA, Andresson T, Wink DA, McVicar DW. Pyruvate dehydrogenase operates as an intramolecular nitroxyl generator during macrophage metabolic reprogramming. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5114. [PMID: 37607904 PMCID: PMC10444860 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
M1 macrophages enter a glycolytic state when endogenous nitric oxide (NO) reprograms mitochondrial metabolism by limiting aconitase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. Here, we provide evidence that NO targets the PDH complex by using lipoate to generate nitroxyl (HNO). PDH E2-associated lipoate is modified in NO-rich macrophages while the PDH E3 enzyme, also known as dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), is irreversibly inhibited. Mechanistically, we show that lipoate facilitates NO-mediated production of HNO, which interacts with thiols forming irreversible modifications including sulfinamide. In addition, we reveal a macrophage signature of proteins with reduction-resistant modifications, including in DLD, and identify potential HNO targets. Consistently, DLD enzyme is modified in an HNO-dependent manner at Cys477 and Cys484, and molecular modeling and mutagenesis show these modifications impair the formation of DLD homodimers. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that HNO is produced physiologically. Moreover, the production of HNO is dependent on the lipoate-rich PDH complex facilitating irreversible modifications that are critical to NO-dependent metabolic rewiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Palmieri
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Ronald Holewinski
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | | | - Ciro L Pierri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan M Weiss
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Vincenzo Tragni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Katrina M Miranda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thorkell Andresson
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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29
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Arp NL, Seim G, Josephson J, Fan J. Reactive nitrogen species inhibit branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex and impact muscle cell metabolism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.31.551364. [PMID: 37577551 PMCID: PMC10418113 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.31.551364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Branched chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) is the rate limiting enzyme in branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism, a metabolic pathway with great importance for human health. BCKDC belongs to the mitochondrial α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex family, which also includes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC). Here we revealed that BCKDC can be substantially inhibited by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) via a mechanism similar to what we recently discovered with PDHC and OGDC - modifying the lipoic arm on its E2 subunit. In addition, we showed that such reaction between RNS and the lipoic arm of the E2 subunit can further promote inhibition of the E3 subunits of α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. We examined the impacts of this RNS-mediated BCKDC inhibition in muscle cells, an important site of BCAA metabolism, and demonstrated that the nitric oxide production induced by cytokine stimulation leads to a strong inhibition of BCKDC activity and BCAA oxidation in myotubes and myoblasts. More broadly, nitric oxide production reduced the level of functional lipoic arms across the multiple α-ketoacid dehydrogenases and led to intracellular accumulation of their substrates (α-ketoacids), reduction of their products (acyl-CoAs), and a lower cellular energy charge. This work revealed a new mechanism for BCKDC regulation, demonstrated its biological significance, and elucidated the mechanistic connection between RNS-driven inhibitory modifications on the E2 and E3 subunits of α-ketoacid dehydrogenases. Together with previous work, we revealed a general mechanism for RNS to inhibit all α-ketoacid dehydrogenases, which has numerous physiological implications across multiple cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L. Arp
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Gretchen Seim
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715
| | | | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792
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30
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Qiu B, Yuan P, Du X, Jin H, Du J, Huang Y. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α is an important regulator of macrophage biology. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17167. [PMID: 37484306 PMCID: PMC10361316 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a heterodimeric transcription factor composed of the α and β subunits, regulates cellular adaptive responses to hypoxia. Macrophages, which are derived from monocytes, function as antigen-presenting cells that activate various immune responses. HIF-1α regulates the immune response, viability, migration, phenotypic plasticity, and metabolism of macrophages. Specifically, macrophage-derived HIF-1α can prevent excessive pro-inflammatory responses by attenuating the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappa B in vivo and in vitro. HIF-1α modulates macrophage migration by inducing the release of various chemokines and providing necessary energy. HIF-1α promotes macrophage M1 polarization by targeting glucose metabolism. Additionally, HIF-1α induces the upregulation of glycolysis-related enzymes and intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway. HIF-1α promotes macrophage apoptosis, necroptosis and reduces autophagy. The current review highlights the mechanisms associated with the regulation of HIF-1α stabilization in macrophages as well as the role of HIF-1α in modulating the physiological functions of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingquan Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Piaoliu Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongfang Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junbao Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
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31
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Zhang Y, Gao Y, Ding Y, Jiang Y, Chen H, Zhan Z, Liu X. Targeting KAT2A inhibits inflammatory macrophage activation and rheumatoid arthritis through epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e306. [PMID: 37313329 PMCID: PMC10258526 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of inflammatory macrophages governs inflammation initiation and resolution in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying macrophage-mediated arthritis injuries remain largely obscure. Here, we found that increased expression of lysine acetyltransferase 2A (KAT2A) in synovial tissues was closely correlated with inflammatory joint immunopathology in both RA patients and experimental arthritis mice. Administration of MB-3, the KAT2A-specific chemical inhibitor, significantly ameliorated the synovitis and bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis model. Both pharmacological inhibition and siRNA silencing of KAT2A, not only suppressed innate stimuli-triggered proinflammatory gene (such as Il1b and Nlrp3) transcription but also impaired NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, KAT2A facilitated macrophage glycolysis reprogramming through suppressing nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) activity as well as downstream antioxidant molecules, which supported histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) and limited NRF2-mediated transcriptional repression of proinflammatory genes. Our study proves that acetyltransferase KAT2A licenses metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in inflammatory macrophages, thereby targeting KAT2A represents a potential therapeutic approach for patients suffering from RA and relevant inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkai Zhang
- Department of Pathogen BiologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & InflammationNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of RheumatologyChanghai Hospital, Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of ChinaShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yingying Ding
- Department of Pathogen BiologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuyu Jiang
- Department of Pathogen BiologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Huiying Chen
- Department of Pathogen BiologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenzhen Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of ChinaShanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Institute of TransplantationRenji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xingguang Liu
- Department of Pathogen BiologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & InflammationNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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32
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Chen S, Saeed AFUH, Liu Q, Jiang Q, Xu H, Xiao GG, Rao L, Duo Y. Macrophages in immunoregulation and therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:207. [PMID: 37211559 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01452-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 172.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages exist in various tissues, several body cavities, and around mucosal surfaces and are a vital part of the innate immune system for host defense against many pathogens and cancers. Macrophages possess binary M1/M2 macrophage polarization settings, which perform a central role in an array of immune tasks via intrinsic signal cascades and, therefore, must be precisely regulated. Many crucial questions about macrophage signaling and immune modulation are yet to be uncovered. In addition, the clinical importance of tumor-associated macrophages is becoming more widely recognized as significant progress has been made in understanding their biology. Moreover, they are an integral part of the tumor microenvironment, playing a part in the regulation of a wide variety of processes including angiogenesis, extracellular matrix transformation, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, immunosuppression, and resistance to chemotherapeutic and checkpoint blockade immunotherapies. Herein, we discuss immune regulation in macrophage polarization and signaling, mechanical stresses and modulation, metabolic signaling pathways, mitochondrial and transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. Furthermore, we have broadly extended the understanding of macrophages in extracellular traps and the essential roles of autophagy and aging in regulating macrophage functions. Moreover, we discussed recent advances in macrophages-mediated immune regulation of autoimmune diseases and tumorigenesis. Lastly, we discussed targeted macrophage therapy to portray prospective targets for therapeutic strategies in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanze Chen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Abdullah F U H Saeed
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Qiong Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Haizhao Xu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Gary Guishan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Lang Rao
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China.
| | - Yanhong Duo
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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33
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Yuk JM, Park EJ, Kim IS, Jo EK. Itaconate family-based host-directed therapeutics for infections. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1203756. [PMID: 37261340 PMCID: PMC10228716 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Itaconate is a crucial anti-infective and anti-inflammatory immunometabolite that accumulates upon disruption of the Krebs cycle in effector macrophages undergoing inflammatory stress. Esterified derivatives of itaconate (4-octyl itaconate and dimethyl itaconate) and its isomers (mesaconate and citraconate) are promising candidate drugs for inflammation and infection. Several itaconate family members participate in host defense, immune and metabolic modulation, and amelioration of infection, although opposite effects have also been reported. However, the precise mechanisms by which itaconate and its family members exert its effects are not fully understood. In addition, contradictory results in different experimental settings and a lack of clinical data make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the therapeutic potential of itaconate. Here we review how the immune response gene 1-itaconate pathway is activated during infection and its role in host defense and pathogenesis in a context-dependent manner. Certain pathogens can use itaconate to establish infections. Finally, we briefly discuss the major mechanisms by which itaconate family members exert antimicrobial effects. To thoroughly comprehend how itaconate exerts its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, additional research on the actual mechanism of action is necessary. This review examines the current state of itaconate research in infection and identifies the key challenges and opportunities for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Yuk
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Infection Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Park
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Soo Kim
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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34
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Nash MJ, Dobrinskikh E, Soderborg TK, Janssen RC, Takahashi DL, Dean TA, Varlamov O, Hennebold JD, Gannon M, Aagaard KM, McCurdy CE, Kievit P, Bergman BC, Jones KL, Pietras EM, Wesolowski SR, Friedman JE. Maternal diet alters long-term innate immune cell memory in fetal and juvenile hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in nonhuman primate offspring. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112393. [PMID: 37058409 PMCID: PMC10570400 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal overnutrition increases inflammatory and metabolic disease risk in postnatal offspring. This constitutes a major public health concern due to increasing prevalence of these diseases, yet mechanisms remain unclear. Here, using nonhuman primate models, we show that maternal Western-style diet (mWSD) exposure is associated with persistent pro-inflammatory phenotypes at the transcriptional, metabolic, and functional levels in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from 3-year-old juvenile offspring and in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from fetal and juvenile bone marrow and fetal liver. mWSD exposure is also associated with increased oleic acid in fetal and juvenile bone marrow and fetal liver. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) profiling of HSPCs and BMDMs from mWSD-exposed juveniles supports a model in which HSPCs transmit pro-inflammatory memory to myeloid cells beginning in utero. These findings show that maternal diet alters long-term immune cell developmental programming in HSPCs with proposed consequences for chronic diseases featuring altered immune/inflammatory activation across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Nash
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Evgenia Dobrinskikh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Taylor K Soderborg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rachel C Janssen
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Diana L Takahashi
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Tyler A Dean
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Oleg Varlamov
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jon D Hennebold
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carrie E McCurdy
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Paul Kievit
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Bryan C Bergman
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stephanie R Wesolowski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jacob E Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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35
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Lopes PC, Faber-Hammond JJ, Siemonsma C, Patel S, Renn SCP. The social environment alters neural responses to a lipopolysaccharide challenge. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 110:162-174. [PMID: 36878331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sick animals display drastic changes in their behavioral patterns, including decreased activity, decreased food and water intake, and decreased interest in social interactions. These behaviors, collectively called "sickness behaviors", can be socially modulated. For example, when provided with mating opportunities, males of several species show reduced sickness behaviors. While the behavior is known to change, how the social environment affects neural molecular responses to sickness is not known. Here, we used a species, the zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata, where males have been shown to decrease sickness behaviors when presented with novel females. Using this paradigm, we obtained samples from three brain regions (the hypothalamus, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and the nucleus taeniae) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or control treated males housed under four different social environments. Manipulation of the social environment rapidly changed the strength and co-expression patterns of the neural molecular responses to the immune challenge in all brain regions tested, therefore suggesting that the social environment plays a significant role in determining the neural responses to an infection. In particular, brains of males paired with a novel female showed muted immune responses to LPS, as well as altered synaptic signaling. Neural metabolic activity in response to the LPS challenge was also affected by the social environment. Our results provide new insights into the effects of the social environment on brain responses to an infection, thereby improving our understanding of how the social environment can affect health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C Lopes
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
| | | | - Chandler Siemonsma
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Sachin Patel
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Suzy C P Renn
- Department of Biology, Reed College, Portland, OR, USA
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36
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Seim GL, John SV, Arp NL, Fang Z, Pagliarini DJ, Fan J. Nitric oxide-driven modifications of lipoic arm inhibit α-ketoacid dehydrogenases. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:265-274. [PMID: 36266351 PMCID: PMC9974485 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC), which belong to the mitochondrial α-ketoacid dehydrogenase family, play crucial roles in cellular metabolism. These multi-subunit enzyme complexes use lipoic arms covalently attached to their E2 subunits to transfer an acyl group to coenzyme A (CoA). Here, we report a novel mechanism capable of substantially inhibiting PDHC and OGDC: reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can covalently modify the thiols on their lipoic arms, generating a series of adducts that block catalytic activity. S-Nitroso-CoA, a product between RNS and the E2 subunit's natural substrate, CoA, can efficiently deliver these modifications onto the lipoic arm. We found RNS-mediated inhibition of PDHC and OGDC occurs during classical macrophage activation, driving significant rewiring of cellular metabolism over time. This work provides a new mechanistic link between RNS and mitochondrial metabolism with potential relevance for numerous physiological and pathological conditions in which RNS accumulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen L Seim
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Steven V John
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nicholas L Arp
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zixiang Fang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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37
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Nathan JA. Nitrosylation rewires metabolism. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:253-254. [PMID: 36266350 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James A Nathan
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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38
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Qian HL, Chen SY, Jia F, Huang WP, Wang J, Ren KF, Fu GS, Ji J. "Spongy skin" as a robust strategy to deliver 4-octyl itaconate for conducting dual-regulation against in-stent restenosis. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122069. [PMID: 36893653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The valid management of inflammation and precise inhibition of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is regarded as a promising strategy for regulating vascular responses after stent implantation, yet posing huge challenges to current coating constructions. Herein, we proposed a spongy cardiovascular stent for the protective delivery of 4-octyl itaconate (OI) based on a "spongy skin" approach, and revealed the dual-regulation effects of OI for improving vascular remolding. We first constructed a "spongy skin" onto poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) substrates, and realized the protective loading of OI with the highest dosage of 47.9 μg/cm2. Then, we verified the remarkable inflammation mediation of OI, and surprisingly revealed that the OI incorporation specifically inhibited SMC proliferation and phenotype switching, which contributed to the competitive growth of endothelial cells (EC/SMC ratio ∼ 5.1). We further demonstrated that OI at a concentration of 25 μg/mL showed significant suppression of the TGF-β/Smad pathway of SMCs, leading to the promotion of contractile phenotype and reduction of extracellular matrix. In vivo evaluation indicated that the successful delivery of OI fulfilled the inflammation regulation and SMCs inhibition, therefore suppressing the in-stent restenosis. This "spongy skin" based OI eluting system may serve as a new strategy for improving vascular remolding, and provides a potential concept for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lin Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Fan Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Wei-Pin Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Jing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
| | - Ke-Feng Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
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39
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Soriano-Baguet L, Grusdat M, Kurniawan H, Benzarti M, Binsfeld C, Ewen A, Longworth J, Bonetti L, Guerra L, Franchina DG, Kobayashi T, Horkova V, Verschueren C, Helgueta S, Gérard D, More TH, Henne A, Dostert C, Farinelle S, Lesur A, Gérardy JJ, Jäger C, Mittelbronn M, Sinkkonen L, Hiller K, Meiser J, Brenner D. Pyruvate dehydrogenase fuels a critical citrate pool that is essential for Th17 cell effector functions. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112153. [PMID: 36848289 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is the central enzyme connecting glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The importance of PDH function in T helper 17 (Th17) cells still remains to be studied. Here, we show that PDH is essential for the generation of a glucose-derived citrate pool needed for Th17 cell proliferation, survival, and effector function. In vivo, mice harboring a T cell-specific deletion of PDH are less susceptible to developing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mechanistically, the absence of PDH in Th17 cells increases glutaminolysis, glycolysis, and lipid uptake in a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent manner. However, cellular citrate remains critically low in mutant Th17 cells, which interferes with oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), lipid synthesis, and histone acetylation, crucial for transcription of Th17 signature genes. Increasing cellular citrate in PDH-deficient Th17 cells restores their metabolism and function, identifying a metabolic feedback loop within the central carbon metabolism that may offer possibilities for therapeutically targeting Th17 cell-driven autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Soriano-Baguet
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Melanie Grusdat
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Henry Kurniawan
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Mohaned Benzarti
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Faculty of Science, Technology, and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Carole Binsfeld
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Anouk Ewen
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Joseph Longworth
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Lynn Bonetti
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Luana Guerra
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Davide G Franchina
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Takumi Kobayashi
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Veronika Horkova
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Charlène Verschueren
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sergio Helgueta
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; Epigenetics Team, Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Deborah Gérard
- Epigenetics Team, Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Tushar H More
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Antonia Henne
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Catherine Dostert
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sophie Farinelle
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Antoine Lesur
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Jacques Gérardy
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; National Center of Pathology, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Christian Jäger
- Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Faculty of Science, Technology, and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; National Center of Pathology, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Lasse Sinkkonen
- Epigenetics Team, Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Johannes Meiser
- Cancer Metabolism Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Metabolomics Platform, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Dirk Brenner
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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RNAseq Analysis of FABP4 Knockout Mouse Hippocampal Transcriptome Suggests a Role for WNT/β-Catenin in Preventing Obesity-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043381. [PMID: 36834799 PMCID: PMC9961923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial fatty-acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a regulator of neuroinflammation. We hypothesized that the link between lipid metabolism and inflammation indicates a role for FABP4 in regulating high fat diet (HFD)-induced cognitive decline. We have previously shown that obese FABP4 knockout mice exhibit decreased neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. FABP4 knockout and wild type mice were fed 60% HFD for 12 weeks starting at 15 weeks old. Hippocampal tissue was dissected and RNA-seq was performed to measure differentially expressed transcripts. Reactome molecular pathway analysis was utilized to examine differentially expressed pathways. Results showed that HFD-fed FABP4 knockout mice have a hippocampal transcriptome consistent with neuroprotection, including associations with decreased proinflammatory signaling, ER stress, apoptosis, and cognitive decline. This is accompanied by an increase in transcripts upregulating neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation, and spatial working memory. Pathway analysis revealed that mice lacking FABP4 had changes in metabolic function that support reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation, and improved energy homeostasis and cognitive function. Analysis suggested a role for WNT/β-Catenin signaling in the protection against insulin resistance, alleviating neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. Collectively, our work shows that FABP4 represents a potential target in alleviating HFD-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive decline and suggests a role for WNT/β-Catenin in this protection.
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Zinatizadeh MR, Zarandi PK, Ghiasi M, Kooshki H, Mohammadi M, Amani J, Rezaei N. Immunosenescence and inflamm-ageing in COVID-19. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 84:101818. [PMID: 36516928 PMCID: PMC9741765 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The destructive effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the elderly and people with cardiovascular disease have been proven. New findings shed light on the role of aging pathways on life span and health age. New therapies that focus on aging-related pathways may positively impact the treatment of this acute respiratory infection. Using new therapies that boost the level of the immune system can support the elderly with co-morbidities against the acute form of COVID-19. This article discusses the effect of the aging immune system against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the pathways affecting this severity of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Zinatizadeh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,Cancer Biology Signaling Pathway Interest Group (CBSPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Kheirandish Zarandi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,Cancer Biology Signaling Pathway Interest Group (CBSPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghiasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Kooshki
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozafar Mohammadi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Nedel WL, Strogulski NR, Rodolphi MS, Kopczynski A, Montes THM, Portela LV. SHORT-TERM INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKER PROFILES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DEFICIENT MITOCHONDRIAL BIOENERGETICS IN LYMPHOCYTES OF SEPTIC SHOCK PATIENTS-A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. Shock 2023; 59:288-293. [PMID: 36795959 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: A biomarker strategy based on the quantification of an immune profile could provide a clinical understanding of the inflammatory state in patients with sepsis and its potential implications for the bioenergetic state of lymphocytes, whose metabolism is associated with altered outcomes in sepsis. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between mitochondrial respiratory states and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with septic shock. Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients with septic shock. Routine, complex I, complex II respiration, and biochemical coupling efficiency were measured to evaluate mitochondrial activity. We measured IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, total lymphocyte count, and C-reactive protein levels on days 1 and 3 of septic shock management as well as mitochondrial variables. The variability of these measurements was evaluated using delta counts (days 3-1 counts). Results: Sixty-four patients were included in this analysis. There was a negative correlation between complex II respiration and IL-1ß (Spearman ρ, -0.275; P = 0.028). Biochemical coupling efficiency at day 1 was negative correlated with IL-6: Spearman ρ, -0.247; P = 0.05. Delta complex II respiration was negatively correlated with delta IL-6 (Spearman ρ, -0.261; P = 0.042). Delta complex I respiration was negatively correlated with delta IL-6 (Spearman ρ, -0.346; P = 0.006), and delta routine respiration was also negatively correlated with both delta IL-10 (Spearman ρ, -0.257; P = 0.046) and delta IL-6 (Spearman ρ, -0.32; P = 0.012). Conclusions: The metabolic change observed in mitochondrial complex I and complex II of lymphocytes is associated with a decrease in IL-6 levels, which can signal a decrease in global inflammatory activity.
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Pang Y, Wang Y, Li C, Liu J, Duan C, Zhou Y, Fang L, Xiao S. Itaconate derivative 4-OI inhibits PRRSV proliferation and associated inflammatory response. Virology 2022; 577:84-90. [PMID: 36323047 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Itaconate, a metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle produced by immunoresponsive gene 1 (IRG1) via catalyzation of cis-aconitate, plays important roles in metabolism and immunity. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an Arterivirus that has devastated the swine industry worldwide for over 30 years. Here, we found that 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a cell-permeable itaconate derivative, dose-dependently inhibited PRRSV proliferation by interfering with viral attachment, replication, and release. Furthermore, 4-OI suppressed the PRRSV-induced inflammatory response by enhancing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. Interestingly, PRRSV infection caused a reduction in itaconate abundance and simultaneously led to an accumulation of cis-aconitate, the upstream metabolite of itaconate, and both of these effects were accomplished by downregulating IRG1 expression. Taken together, these results demonstrate that 4-OI not only inhibits PRRSV replication but also suppresses PRRSV-induced inflammatory responses, indicating that 4-OI is a promising drug candidate for combating PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chenrui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liurong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Forceville X, Van Antwerpen P, Annane D, Vincent JL. Selenocompounds and Sepsis-Redox Bypass Hypothesis: Part B-Selenocompounds in the Management of Early Sepsis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:998-1029. [PMID: 35287478 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Endothelial barrier damage, which is in part caused by excess production of reactive oxygen, halogen and nitrogen species (ROHNS), especially peroxynitrite (ONOO-), is a major event in early sepsis and, with leukocyte hyperactivation, part of the generalized dysregulated immune response to infection, which may even become a complex maladaptive state. Selenoenzymes have major antioxidant functions. Their synthesis is related to the need to limit deleterious oxidant redox cycling by small selenocompounds, which may be of therapeutic cytotoxic interest. Plasma selenoprotein-P is crucial for selenium transport from the liver to the tissues and for antioxidant endothelial protection, especially against ONOO-. Above micromolar concentrations, sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) becomes cytotoxic, with a lower cytotoxicity threshold in activated cells, which has led to cancer research. Recent Advances: Plasma selenium (<2% of total body selenium) is mainly contained in selenoprotein-P, and concentrations decrease rapidly in the early phase of sepsis, because of increased selenoprotein-P binding and downregulation of hepatic synthesis and excretion. At low concentrations, Na2SeO3 acts as a selenium donor, favoring selenoprotein-P synthesis in physiology, but probably not in the acute phase of sepsis. Critical Issues: The cytotoxic effects of Na2SeO3 against hyperactivated leukocytes, especially the most immature forms that liberate ROHNS, may be beneficial, but they may also be harmful for activated endothelial cells. Endothelial protection against ROHNS by selenoprotein-P may reduce Na2SeO3 toxicity, which is increased in sepsis. Future Direction: The combination of selenoprotein-P for endothelial protection and the cytotoxic effects of Na2SeO3 against hyperactivated leukocytes may be a promising intervention for early sepsis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 998-1029.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Forceville
- Medico-surgical Intensive Care Unit, Great Hospital of East Francilien - Meaux site, Meaux, France.,Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC Inserm1414) CHU de Rennes - Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery and Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Univesité libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Djillali Annane
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré (APHP), Garches, France.,U1173 Lab. of Inflammation & Infection, (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire) FHU SEPSIS, Université Paris Saclay-campus (Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines) UVSQ, Versailles, France
| | - Jean Louis Vincent
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Hu H, Guo L, Overholser J, Wang X. Mitochondrial VDAC1: A Potential Therapeutic Target of Inflammation-Related Diseases and Clinical Opportunities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193174. [PMID: 36231136 PMCID: PMC9562648 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional protein, voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), is located on the mitochondrial outer membrane. It is a pivotal protein that maintains mitochondrial function to power cellular bioactivities via energy generation. VDAC1 is involved in regulating energy production, mitochondrial oxidase stress, Ca2+ transportation, substance metabolism, apoptosis, mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), and many other functions. VDAC1 malfunction is associated with mitochondrial disorders that affect inflammatory responses, resulting in an up-regulation of the body’s defensive response to stress stimulation. Overresponses to inflammation may cause chronic diseases. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) acts as a danger signal that can further trigger native immune system activities after its secretion. VDAC1 mediates the release of mtDNA into the cytoplasm to enhance cytokine levels by activating immune responses. VDAC1 regulates mitochondrial Ca2+ transportation, lipid metabolism and mitophagy, which are involved in inflammation-related disease pathogenesis. Many scientists have suggested approaches to deal with inflammation overresponse issues via specific targeting therapies. Due to the broad functionality of VDAC1, it may become a useful target for therapy in inflammation-related diseases. The mechanisms of VDAC1 and its role in inflammation require further exploration. We comprehensively and systematically summarized the role of VDAC1 in the inflammatory response, and hope that our research will lead to novel therapeutic strategies that target VDAC1 in order to treat inflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Hu
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Linlin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (X.W.)
| | - Jay Overholser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (X.W.)
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Casey AM, Murphy MP. Uncovering the source of mitochondrial superoxide in pro-inflammatory macrophages: Insights from immunometabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166481. [PMID: 35792320 PMCID: PMC7614207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species are important as antimicrobial agents and redox signals in pro-inflammatory macrophages. Macrophages produce superoxide in response to the TLR4 ligand LPS. However, the mechanism of LPS-induced superoxide generation is not fully understood. Superoxide is produced at complex I and complex III of the electron transport chain. Production of superoxide at either of these sites is highly dependent on the metabolic state of the cell which is dramatically altered by TLR4-induced metabolic reprogramming. This review will outline how metabolism impacts superoxide production in LPS-activated macrophages downstream of TLR4 signalling and address outstanding questions in this field.
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Heinz A, Nonnenmacher Y, Henne A, Khalil MA, Bejkollari K, Dostert C, Hosseini S, Goldmann O, He W, Palorini R, Verschueren C, Korte M, Chiaradonna F, Medina E, Brenner D, Hiller K. Itaconate controls its own synthesis via feedback-inhibition of reverse TCA cycle activity at IDH2. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166530. [PMID: 36038039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages undergo extensive metabolic reprogramming during classical pro-inflammatory polarization (M1-like). The accumulation of itaconate has been recognized as both a consequence and mediator of the inflammatory response. In this study we first examined the specific functions of itaconate inside fractionated mitochondria. We show that M1 macrophages produce itaconate de novo via aconitase decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) inside mitochondria. The carbon for this reaction is not only supplied by oxidative TCA cycling, but also through the reductive carboxylation of α-ketoglutarate by isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). While macrophages are capable of sustaining a certain degree of itaconate production during hypoxia by augmenting the activity of IDH-dependent reductive carboxylation, we demonstrate that sufficient itaconate synthesis requires a balance of reductive and oxidative TCA cycle metabolism in mouse macrophages. In comparison, human macrophages increase itaconate accumulation under hypoxic conditions by augmenting reductive carboxylation activity. We further demonstrated that itaconate attenuates reductive carboxylation at IDH2, restricting its own production and the accumulation of the immunomodulatory metabolites citrate and 2-hydroxyglutarate. In line with this, reductive carboxylation is enhanced in ACOD1-depleted macrophages. Mechanistically, the inhibition of IDH2 by itaconate is linked to the alteration of the mitochondrial NADP+/NADPH ratio and competitive succinate dehydrogenase inhibition. Taken together, our findings extend the current model of TCA cycle reprogramming during pro-inflammatory macrophage activation and identified novel regulatory properties of itaconate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Heinz
- Department for Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Yannic Nonnenmacher
- Department for Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Antonia Henne
- Department for Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michelle-Amirah Khalil
- Department for Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ketlin Bejkollari
- Department for Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Catherine Dostert
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Shirin Hosseini
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oliver Goldmann
- Infection Immunology Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wei He
- Department for Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roberta Palorini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, Milan, Italy
| | - Charlène Verschueren
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Martin Korte
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany; Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ferdinando Chiaradonna
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Medina
- Infection Immunology Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Brenner
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology and Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for System Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belval, Luxembourg; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department for Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, BRICS, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Benarroch E. What Is the Role of Microglial Metabolism in Inflammation and Neurodegeneration? Neurology 2022; 99:99-105. [PMID: 35851556 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Muralidharan S, Torta F, Lin MK, Olona A, Bagnati M, Moreno-Moral A, Ko JH, Ji S, Burla B, Wenk MR, Rodrigues HG, Petretto E, Behmoaras J. Immunolipidomics Reveals a Globoside Network During the Resolution of Pro-Inflammatory Response in Human Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:926220. [PMID: 35844525 PMCID: PMC9280915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated changes in macrophages reshape intracellular lipid pools to coordinate an effective innate immune response. Although this has been previously well-studied in different model systems, it remains incompletely understood in primary human macrophages. Here we report time-dependent lipidomic and transcriptomic responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in primary human macrophages from healthy donors. We grouped the variation of ~200 individual lipid species measured by LC-MS/MS into eight temporal clusters. Among all other lipids, glycosphingolipids (glycoSP) and cholesteryl esters (CE) showed a sharp increase during the resolution phase (between 8h or 16h post LPS). GlycoSP, belonging to the globoside family (Gb3 and Gb4), showed the greatest inter-individual variability among all lipids quantified. Integrative network analysis between GlycoSP/CE levels and genome-wide transcripts, identified Gb4 d18:1/16:0 and CE 20:4 association with subnetworks enriched for T cell receptor signaling (PDCD1, CD86, PTPRC, CD247, IFNG) and DC-SIGN signaling (RAF1, CD209), respectively. Our findings reveal Gb3 and Gb4 globosides as sphingolipids associated with the resolution phase of inflammatory response in human macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Muralidharan
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,*Correspondence: Jacques Behmoaras, ; Federico Torta,
| | - Michelle K. Lin
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antoni Olona
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marta Bagnati
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aida Moreno-Moral
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeong-Hun Ko
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shanshan Ji
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bo Burla
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hosana G. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Nutrients and Tissue Repair, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMC), Imperial College, London, United Kingdom,Institute for Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Jacques Behmoaras, ; Federico Torta,
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Shi J, Cai C. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Itaconate Regulating Macrophage Immunometabolism. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937247. [PMID: 35812373 PMCID: PMC9259868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of immunology is undergoing rapid and dramatic changes. Immunometabolism, a change in metabolic pathways within immune cells, is a key determinant in the activation of immune cells, and intermediates of immunometabolic processes which can influence inflammatory gene expression and play a role in inflammation. Itaconate is one of the most representative metabolites, produced in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), which links macrophage metabolism, oxidative stress response and immune response to regulate macrophage activity, playing an important role in the function of macrophages. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of the metabolite itaconate and its derivatives in the regulation of macrophage immune metabolism, intending to gain further insight into the role and mechanisms of this metabolite in macrophages and provide new ideas for the mechanisms and treatment of clinical diseases.
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