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Medhat D, El-Bana MA, El-Tantawy El-Sayed I, Ahmed AAS, El-Naggar ME, Hussein J. Investigating the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Quinoline Derivative: N1-(5-methyl-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolin-11-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Hydrochloride Loaded Soluble Starch Nanoparticles Against Methotrexate-induced Inflammation in Experimental Model. Biol Proced Online 2024; 26:16. [PMID: 38831428 PMCID: PMC11149278 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-024-00240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is necessary to develop advanced therapies utilizing natural ingredients with anti-inflammatory qualities in order to lessen the negative effects of chemotherapeutics. RESULTS The bioactive N1-(5-methyl-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolin-11-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine hydrochloride (NIQBD) was synthesized. After that, soluble starch nanoparticles (StNPs) was used as a carrier for the synthesized NIQBD with different concentrations (50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg). The obtained StNPs loaded with different concentrations of NIQBD were coded as StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3. It was observed that, StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3 exhibited an average size of 246, 300, and 328 nm, respectively. Additionally, they also formed with homogeneity particles as depicted from polydispersity index values (PDI). The PDI values of StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3 are 0.298, 0.177, and 0.262, respectively. In vivo investigation of the potential properties of the different concentrations of StNPs loaded with NIQBD against MTX-induced inflammation in the lung and liver showed a statistically substantial increase in levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) accompanied by a significant decrease in levels of oxidants such as malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), matrix metalloproteinase 9/Gelatinase B (MMP-9), and levels of inflammatory mediators including interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in both lung and liver tissues, and a significant decrease in levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) compared to the MTX-induced inflammation group. The highly significant results were obtained by treatment with a concentration of 200 mg/mL. Histopathological examination supported these results, where treatment showed minimal inflammatory infiltration and congestion in lung tissue, a mildly congested central vein, and mild activation of Kupffer cells in liver tissues. CONCLUSION Combining the treatment of MTX with natural antioxidant supplements may help reducing the associated oxidation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Medhat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mona A El-Bana
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Abdullah A S Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32511, Shebin El Koom, Egypt
| | - Mehrez E El-Naggar
- Institute of Textile Research and Technology, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jihan Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Abbas NAT, El-Sayed SS, Abd El-Fatah SS, Sarhan WM, Abdelghany EMA, Sarhan O, Mahmoud SS. Mechanistic aspects of ameliorative effects of Eicosapentanoic acid ethyl ester on methotrexate-evoked testiculopathy in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:357-369. [PMID: 37450014 PMCID: PMC10771366 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Disrupted spermatogenesis and testicular injury are among the devastating outcomes of methotrexate. A major contributor to methotrexate-induced testiculopathy is oxidative damage which triggers apoptosis and altered autophagy responses. Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E) is an antihyperlipidemic derivative of omega-3 fatty acids that exhibited affinity to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) that possesses both antioxidant and autophagy modulating properties. This is an exploratory study aiming at assessing the effectiveness of EPA-E to alleviate testicular damage induced by methotrexate. The specific exploratory hypothesis of this experiment is: EPA-E administration for 1 week to methotrexate-treated rats reduces testicular damage compared to control rats. As a secondary outcome, we were interested in identifying the implicated mechanism that mediates the action of EPA-E. In adult male Wistar rats, testiculopathy was achieved by a single methotrexate injection (20 mg/kg, ip). Rats received vehicle, EPA-E (0.3 g/kg/day, po) alone or with selective PPAR-γ antagonist (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, BADGE) at 30 mg/kg/day, ip for 1 week. EPA-E recuperated methotrexate-attenuated serum total testosterone while reduced testicular inflammation and oxidative stress, restoring superoxide dismutase (SOD) while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Methotrexate-induced testicular apoptosis (caspase-3 and p53) was suppressed upon EPA-E treatment. Besides, EPA-E curbed methotrexate-induced abnormal autophagy by downregulating LC3A/B and beclin-1. Interestingly, BADGE-coadministration reversed EPA-E beneficial actions. Collectively, our findings suggest PPAR-γ role in EPA-E-mediated mitigation of methotrexate-evoked testiculopathy via suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis, as well as abnormal autophagy. Furthermore, EPA-E could be used as a preventive therapy for some testiculopathies mediated by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A T Abbas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
| | - Samaa Salah Abd El-Fatah
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
| | - Walaa M Sarhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine (WFIRM), Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Eman M A Abdelghany
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
| | - Omnia Sarhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shireen S Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, 44519, Egypt
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Tomitsuka Y, Imaeda H, Ito H, Asou I, Ohbayashi M, Ishikawa F, Kuwata H, Hara S. Gene deletion of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 attenuates xenobiotic chemical-induced lung injury via the suppression of lipid peroxidation. Redox Biol 2023; 66:102850. [PMID: 37586249 PMCID: PMC10450978 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL) 4 converts polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into their acyl-CoAs and plays an important role in maintaining PUFA-containing membrane phospholipids. Here we demonstrated decreases in various kinds of PUFA-containing phospholipid species in ACSL4-deficient murine lung. We then examined the effects of ACSL4 gene deletion on lung injury by treating mice with two pulmonary toxic chemicals: paraquat (PQ) and methotrexate (MTX). The results showed that ACSL4 deficiency attenuated PQ-induced acute lung lesion and decreased mortality. PQ-induced lung inflammation and neutrophil migration were also suppressed in ACSL4-deficient mice. PQ administration increased the levels of phospholipid hydroperoxides in the lung, but ACSL4 gene deletion suppressed their increment. We further found that ACSL4 deficiency attenuated MTX-induced pulmonary fibrosis. These results suggested that ACSL4 gene deletion might confer protection against pulmonary toxic chemical-induced lung injury by reducing PUFA-containing membrane phospholipids, leading to the suppression of lipid peroxidation. Inhibition of ACSL4 may be promising for the prevention and treatment of chemical-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tomitsuka
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Imaeda
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Haruka Ito
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Isaki Asou
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohbayashi
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ishikawa
- Center for Biotechnology, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuwata
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Hara
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
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Hedman ÅK, Winter E, Yoosuf N, Benita Y, Berg L, Brynedal B, Folkersen L, Klareskog L, Maciejewski M, Sirota-Madi A, Spector Y, Ziemek D, Padyukov L, Shen-Orr SS, Jelinsky SA. Peripheral blood cellular dynamics of rheumatoid arthritis treatment informs about efficacy of response to disease modifying drugs. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10058. [PMID: 37344505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36999-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation and is mediated by multiple immune cell types. In this work, we aimed to determine the relevance of changes in cell proportions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during the development of disease and following treatment. Samples from healthy blood donors, newly diagnosed RA patients, and established RA patients that had an inadequate response to MTX and were about to start tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) treatment were collected before and after 3 months of treatment. We used in parallel a computational deconvolution approach based on RNA expression and flow cytometry to determine the relative cell-type frequencies. Cell-type frequencies from deconvolution of gene expression indicate that monocytes (both classical and non-classical) and CD4+ cells (Th1 and Th2) were increased in RA patients compared to controls, while NK cells and B cells (naïve and mature) were significantly decreased in RA patients. Treatment with MTX caused a decrease in B cells (memory and plasma cell), and a decrease in CD4 Th cells (Th1 and Th17), while treatment with TNFi resulted in a significant increase in the population of B cells. Characterization of the RNA expression patterns found that most of the differentially expressed genes in RA subjects after treatment can be explained by changes in cell frequencies (98% and 74% respectively for MTX and TNFi).
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa K Hedman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Niyaz Yoosuf
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Louise Berg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boel Brynedal
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Klareskog
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mateusz Maciejewski
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel Ziemek
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonid Padyukov
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shai S Shen-Orr
- CytoReason, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Scott A Jelinsky
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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5
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Iaconis D, Caccuri F, Manelfi C, Talarico C, Bugatti A, Filippini F, Zani A, Novelli R, Kuzikov M, Ellinger B, Gribbon P, Riecken K, Esposito F, Corona A, Tramontano E, Beccari AR, Caruso A, Allegretti M. DHFR Inhibitors Display a Pleiotropic Anti-Viral Activity against SARS-CoV-2: Insights into the Mechanisms of Action. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051128. [PMID: 37243214 DOI: 10.3390/v15051128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, drug repurposing represented an effective strategy to obtain quick answers to medical emergencies. Based on previous data on methotrexate (MTX), we evaluated the anti-viral activity of several DHFR inhibitors in two cell lines. We observed that this class of compounds showed a significant influence on the virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) partly attributed to the intrinsic anti-metabolic activity of these drugs, but also to a specific anti-viral function. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms, we took advantage of our EXSCALATE platform for in-silico molecular modelling and further validated the influence of these inhibitors on nsp13 and viral entry. Interestingly, pralatrexate and trimetrexate showed superior effects in counteracting the viral infection compared to other DHFR inhibitors. Our results indicate that their higher activity is due to their polypharmacological and pleiotropic profile. These compounds can thus potentially give a clinical advantage in the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients already treated with this class of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iaconis
- EXSCALATE, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Via Tommaso De Amicis, 95, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Caccuri
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Candida Manelfi
- EXSCALATE, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Via Tommaso De Amicis, 95, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Talarico
- EXSCALATE, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Via Tommaso De Amicis, 95, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella Bugatti
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Filippini
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Zani
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Rubina Novelli
- Dompè Famaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile snc, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Kuzikov
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ellinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Philip Gribbon
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Riecken
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Angela Corona
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | | | - Arnaldo Caruso
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Nakamura N, Wada F, Kondo T, Aoki K, Arai Y, Mizumoto C, Kanda J, Kitawaki T, Yamashita K, Takaori-Kondo A. Significance of Omitting Day 11 Mini-Dose Methotrexate for GVHD Prophylaxis After Unrelated Bone Marrow Transplantation. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:119.e1-119.e7. [PMID: 36372357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The combination of calcineurin inhibitors and short-term methotrexate has been used as a standard graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Mini-dose methotrexate (mini-MTX), consisting of 5 mg/m2/d on days 1, 3, 6, and 11, is occasionally selected as an alternative considering toxicity. The significance of day 11 administration remains unclear. We performed a retrospective study of 135 cases of unrelated bone marrow transplantation at our institute between 2006 and 2019 and compared the outcomes between day 11 MTX dose omitted (n = 72) and full-doses of mini-MTX (n = 63). In total cohort, the 4-year overall survival (OS) was 58.7 %, and the omitted group showed poor GVHD/relapse-free-survival (P = .01) with comparable OS (P = .11) and relapse-free survival (P = .11). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch is a major risk factor for severe GVHD. We analyzed the impact of omitting day 11 MTX in 2 cohorts from HLA matched or mismatched donors. In both cohorts, the omitted group had a higher risk of severe acute and chronic GVHD. In conclusion, the omission of day 11 MTX was associated with a higher risk of severe GVHD. Therefore the omission of the day 11 dose is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naokazu Nakamura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumiya Wada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadakazu Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Kazunari Aoki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Stem Cell Genetics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Arai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chisaki Mizumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junya Kanda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitawaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamashita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Renatino Canevarolo R, Pereira de Souza Melo C, Moreno Cury N, Luiz Artico L, Ronchi Corrêa J, Tonhasca Lau Y, Sousa Mariano S, Reddy Sudalagunta P, Regina Brandalise S, Carolina de Mattos Zeri A, Andrés Yunes J. Glutathione levels are associated with methotrexate resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1032336. [PMID: 36531023 PMCID: PMC9751399 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1032336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid antagonist and nucleotide synthesis inhibitor, is a cornerstone drug used against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but its mechanism of action and resistance continues to be unraveled even after decades of clinical use. Methods To better understand the mechanisms of this drug, we accessed the intracellular metabolic content of 13 ALL cell lines treated with MTX by 1H-NMR, and correlated metabolome data with cell proliferation and gene expression. Further, we validated these findings by inhibiting the cellular antioxidant system of the cells in vitro and in vivo in the presence of MTX. Results MTX altered the concentration of 31 out of 70 metabolites analyzed, suggesting inhibition of the glycine cleavage system, the pentose phosphate pathway, purine and pyrimidine synthesis, phospholipid metabolism, and bile acid uptake. We found that glutathione (GSH) levels were associated with MTX resistance in both treated and untreated cells, suggesting a new constitutive metabolic-based mechanism of resistance to the drug. Gene expression analyses showed that eight genes involved in GSH metabolism were correlated to GSH concentrations, 2 of which (gamma-glutamyltransferase 1 [GGT1] and thioredoxin reductase 3 [TXNRD3]) were also correlated to MTX resistance. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) confirmed the association between GSH metabolism and MTX resistance. Pharmacological inhibition or stimulation of the main antioxidant systems of the cell, GSH and thioredoxin, confirmed their importance in MTX resistance. Arsenic trioxide (ATO), a thioredoxin inhibitor used against acute promyelocytic leukemia, potentiated MTX cytotoxicity in vitro in some of the ALL cell lines tested. Likewise, the ATO+MTX combination decreased tumor burden and extended the survival of NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice transplanted with patient-derived ALL xenograft, but only in one of four ALLs tested. Conclusion Altogether, our results show that the cellular antioxidant defense systems contribute to leukemia resistance to MTX, and targeting these pathways, especially the thioredoxin antioxidant system, may be a promising strategy for resensitizing ALL to MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yanca Tonhasca Lau
- Centro de Pesquisa Boldrini, Centro Infantil Boldrini, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Praneeth Reddy Sudalagunta
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | | | - Ana Carolina de Mattos Zeri
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José Andrés Yunes
- Centro de Pesquisa Boldrini, Centro Infantil Boldrini, Campinas, SP, Brazil,Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil,*Correspondence: José Andrés Yunes,
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8
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Yang P, He Y, Qing P, Xu W, Xie D, Cazier J, Liu X, Varnai C, Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Tang H, Yin X, Liu Y. Application of T-cell receptor repertoire as a novel monitor in dynamic tracking and assessment: A cohort-study based on RA patients. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:6042-6055. [PMID: 36440548 PMCID: PMC9753462 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptor repertoire (TCRR) sequencing has been widely applied in many fields as a novel tool. This study explored characteristics of TCRR in detail with a cohort of 598 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients before and after anti-rheumatic treatments. We highlighted the abnormal TCRR distribution in RA characterized by decreased diversity and increased proportion of hyperexpanded clones (HECs), which was potentially attributed to skewed usage of global V/J segments but not a few certain ones. Enriched motifs analysis in RA community demonstrated the huge heterogeneity of CDR3 sequences, so that individual factors are strongly recommended to be taken into consideration when it comes to clinical application of TCRR. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can regulate immune system through recovery of TCRR richness to relieve symptoms. Remarkably, sensitive gene profile and advantageous gene profile were identified in this study as new biomarkers for different DMARDs regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqing Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yijing He
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine CenterWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina,Laboratory of Nervous System Disease and Brain Functions, Clinical Research InstituteThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Pingying Qing
- Department of Rheumatology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wangdong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina,Department of Evidence‐Based MedicineSchool of Public Health, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Dan Xie
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine CenterWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | | | - Xiao Liu
- BGI‐Shenzhen and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Transomics BiotechnologiesBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Csilla Varnai
- Center for Computational BiologyUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Medical Affairs, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huairong Tang
- Health Management CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | | | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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9
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The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102053. [PMID: 36296329 PMCID: PMC9608860 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There are multiple concerns associated with methotrexate (MTX), widely recognized for anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects in life-threatening disease conditions, i.e., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to long-term side effects and associated toxicity, which limits its valuable potential. MTX acts as an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, leading to suppression of purine and pyrimidine synthesis in high metabolic and turnover cells, targeting cancer and dysregulated immune cells. Due to low discrimination between neoplastic cells and naturally high turnover cells, MTX is prone to inhibiting the division of all fast-dividing cells, causing toxicity in multiple organs. Nutraceutical compounds are plant-based or food-derived compounds, used for their preventive and therapeutic role, ascertained in multiple organ dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites take part in multiple physiological processes, their dysregulation being involved in disease pathogenesis. Modulation of gut microbiota by using nutraceutical compounds represents a promising therapeutic direction to restore intestinal dysfunction associated with MTX treatment. In this review, we address the main organ dysfunctions induced by MTX treatment, and modulations of them by using nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, we revealed the protective mechanisms of nutraceuticals in MTX-induced intestinal dysfunctions by modulation of gut microbiota.
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10
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Gencheva R, Cheng Q, Arnér ESJ. Thioredoxin reductase selenoproteins from different organisms as potential drug targets for treatment of human diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:320-338. [PMID: 35987423 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Human thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is a selenoprotein with a central role in cellular redox homeostasis, utilizing a highly reactive and solvent-exposed selenocysteine (Sec) residue in its active site. Pharmacological modulation of TrxR can be obtained with several classes of small compounds showing different mechanisms of action, but most often dependent upon interactions with its Sec residue. The clinical implications of TrxR modulation as mediated by small compounds have been studied in diverse diseases, from rheumatoid arthritis and ischemia to cancer and parasitic infections. The possible involvement of TrxR in these diseases was in some cases serendipitously discovered, by finding that existing clinically used drugs are also TrxR inhibitors. Inhibiting isoforms of human TrxR is, however, not the only strategy for human disease treatment, as some pathogenic parasites also depend upon Sec-containing TrxR variants, including S. mansoni, B. malayi or O. volvulus. Inhibiting parasite TrxR has been shown to selectively kill parasites and can thus become a promising treatment strategy, especially in the context of quickly emerging resistance towards other drugs. Here we have summarized the basis for the targeting of selenoprotein TrxR variants with small molecules for therapeutic purposes in different human disease contexts. We discuss how Sec engagement appears to be an indispensable part of treatment efficacy and how some therapeutically promising compounds have been evaluated in preclinical or clinical studies. Several research questions remain before a wider application of selenoprotein TrxR inhibition as a first-line treatment strategy might be developed. These include further mechanistic studies of downstream effects that may mediate treatment efficacy, identification of isoform-specific enzyme inhibition patterns for some given therapeutic compounds, and the further elucidation of cell-specific effects in disease contexts such as in the tumor microenvironment or in host-parasite interactions, and which of these effects may be dependent upon the specific targeting of Sec in distinct TrxR isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosveta Gencheva
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Qing Cheng
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden; Department of Selenoprotein Research, National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, 1122, Budapest, Hungary.
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11
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Koju N, Qin ZH, Sheng R. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate in redox balance and diseases: a friend or foe? Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1889-1904. [PMID: 35017669 PMCID: PMC9343382 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+/NADPH) redox couples function as cofactors or/and substrates for numerous enzymes to retain cellular redox balance and energy metabolism. Thus, maintaining cellular NADH and NADPH balance is critical for sustaining cellular homeostasis. The sources of NADPH generation might determine its biological effects. Newly-recognized biosynthetic enzymes and genetically encoded biosensors help us better understand how cells maintain biosynthesis and distribution of compartmentalized NAD(H) and NADP(H) pools. It is essential but challenging to distinguish how cells sustain redox couple pools to perform their integral functions and escape redox stress. However, it is still obscure whether NADPH is detrimental or beneficial as either deficiency or excess in cellular NADPH levels disturbs cellular redox state and metabolic homeostasis leading to redox stress, energy stress, and eventually, to the disease state. Additional study of the pathways and regulatory mechanisms of NADPH generation in different compartments, and the means by which NADPH plays a role in various diseases, will provide innovative insights into its roles in human health and may find a value of NADPH for the treatment of certain diseases including aging, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular diseases, ischemic stroke, diabetes, obesity, cancer, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Koju
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Zheng-hong Qin
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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12
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Gallaga-González U, Morales-Avila E, Torres-García E, Estrada JA, Díaz-Sánchez LE, Izquierdo G, Aranda-Lara L, Isaac-Olivé K. Photoactivation of Chemotherapeutic Agents with Cerenkov Radiation for Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23591-23604. [PMID: 35847323 PMCID: PMC9280781 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cerenkov radiation (CR) can be used as an internal light source in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methotrexate (MTX) and paclitaxel (PTX), chemotherapeutic agents with wide clinical use, have characteristics of photosensitizers (PS). This work evaluates the possibility of photoexciting MTX and PTX with CR from 18F-FDG to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) capable of inducing cytotoxicity. PTX did not produce ROS when excited by CR from 18F-FDG, so it is not useful for PDT. In contrast, MTX produces 1O2 (detected by ABMA) in amounts sufficient to significantly decrease the viability of the T47D cells. MTX solutions of 100 nM combined with 18F-FDG activities of 50 (1.85 MBq) and 100 μCi (3.7 MBq) produced a significant decrease in cell viability to (50.09 ± 4.95) and (47.96 ± 11.19)%, respectively, compared to MTX (66.29 ± 5.92)% and 18F-FDG (91.35 ± 7.00% for 50 μCi and 99.43 ± 11.03% for 100 μCi) alone. Using the CellRox Green reagent, the intracellular production of ROS was confirmed as the main mechanism of cytotoxicity. The results confirm the therapeutic potential of photoactivation with CR and the synergy of the combined treatment with chemotherapy + photodynamic therapy (CMT + PDT). The combination of chemotherapeutic agents with PS properties and β-emitting radiopharmaceuticals, previously approved for clinical use, will make it possible to shorten the evaluation stages of new CMT + PDT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Gallaga-González
- Laboratorio
de Investigación Teranóstica. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, 50180 Estado de México, México
| | - Enrique Morales-Avila
- Laboratorio
de Toxicología y Farmacia,
Facultad de Química, Universidad
Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, 50120 Estado de México, México
| | - Eugenio Torres-García
- Laboratorio
de Dosimetría y Simulación Monte Carlo, Facultad de
Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del
Estado de México, Toluca, 50180 Estado de México, México
| | - José A. Estrada
- Laboratorio
de Neuroquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, 50180 Estado de México, México
| | - Luis Enrique Díaz-Sánchez
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma
del Estado de México, Toluca, 50120 Estado de México, México
| | - German Izquierdo
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma
del Estado de México, Toluca, 50120 Estado de México, México
| | - Liliana Aranda-Lara
- Laboratorio
de Investigación Teranóstica. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, 50180 Estado de México, México
| | - Keila Isaac-Olivé
- Laboratorio
de Investigación Teranóstica. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, 50180 Estado de México, México
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13
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Ben Mrid R, Bouchmaa N, Ainani H, El Fatimy R, Malka G, Mazini L. Anti-rheumatoid drugs advancements: New insights into the molecular treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113126. [PMID: 35643074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of more than 100 types of arthritis. This chronic autoimmune disorder affects the lining of synovial joints in about 0.5% of people and may induce severe joints deformity and disability. RA impacts health life of people from all sexes and ages with more prevalence in elderly and women people. Significant improvement has been noted in the last two decades revealing the mechanisms of the development of RA, the improvement of the early diagnosis and the development of new treatment options. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) remain the most known treatments used against RA. However, not all patients respond well to these drugs and therefore, new solutions are of immense need to improve the disease outcomes. In the present review, we discuss and highlight the recent findings concerning the different classes of RA therapies including the conventional and modern drug therapies, as well as the recent emerging options including the phyto-cannabinoid and cell- and RNA-based therapies. A better understanding of their mechanisms and pathways might help find a specific target against inflammation, cartilage damage, and reduce side effects in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda Ben Mrid
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Najat Bouchmaa
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Hassan Ainani
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Rachid El Fatimy
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Gabriel Malka
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Loubna Mazini
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
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Mitochondria preserve an autarkic one-carbon cycle to confer growth-independent cancer cell migration and metastasis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2699. [PMID: 35577770 PMCID: PMC9110368 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the most common cause of death in cancer patients. Canonical drugs target mainly the proliferative capacity of cancer cells, which leaves slow-proliferating, persistent cancer cells unaffected. Metabolic determinants that contribute to growth-independent functions are still poorly understood. Here we show that antifolate treatment results in an uncoupled and autarkic mitochondrial one-carbon (1C) metabolism during cytosolic 1C metabolism impairment. Interestingly, antifolate dependent growth-arrest does not correlate with decreased migration capacity. Therefore, using methotrexate as a tool compound allows us to disentangle proliferation and migration to profile the metabolic phenotype of migrating cells. We observe that increased serine de novo synthesis (SSP) supports mitochondrial serine catabolism and inhibition of SSP using the competitive PHGDH-inhibitor BI-4916 reduces cancer cell migration. Furthermore, we show that sole inhibition of mitochondrial serine catabolism does not affect primary breast tumor growth but strongly inhibits pulmonary metastasis. We conclude that mitochondrial 1C metabolism, despite being dispensable for proliferative capacities, confers an advantage to cancer cells by supporting their motility potential. Chemotherapeutic antifolates, such as methotrexate (MTX), impair cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting nucleotide synthesis. Here, the authors show that MTX sustains an autarkic mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism leading to serine synthesis to promote cancer cell migration and metastasis.
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15
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Efficiency of antioxidant Avenanthramide-C on high-dose methotrexate-induced ototoxicity in mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266108. [PMID: 35353852 PMCID: PMC8967015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) has been used in treating various types of cancers but can also cause damage to normal organs and cell types. Folinic acid (FA) is a well-known MTX antidote that protects against toxicity caused by the drug and has been used for decades. Since hearing loss caused by MTX treatment is not well studied, herein we aimed to investigate the efficiency of the antioxidant Avenanthramide-C (AVN-C) on high-dose MTX (HDMTX) toxicity in the ear and provide insights into the possible mechanism involved in MTX-induced hearing loss in normal adult C57Bl/6 mice and HEI-OC1 cells. Our results show that the levels of MTX increased in the serum and perilymph 30 minutes after systemic administration. MTX increased hearing thresholds in mice, whereas AVN-C and FA preserved hearing within the normal range. MTX also caused a decrease in wave I amplitude, while AVN-C and FA maintained it at higher levels. MTX considerably damaged the cochlear synapses and neuronal integrity, and both AVN-C and FA rescued the synapses. MTX reduced the cell viability and increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in HEI-OC1 cells, but AVN-C and FA reversed these changes. Apoptosis- and ROS-related genes were significantly upregulated in MTX-treated HEI-OC1 cells; however, they were downregulated by AVN-C and FA treatment. We show that MTX can cause severe hearing loss; it can cross the blood–labyrinth barrier and cause damage to the cochlear neurons and outer hair cells (OHCs). The antioxidant AVN-C exerts a strong protective effect against MTX-induced ototoxicity and preserved the inner ear structures (synapses, neurons, and OHCs) from MTX-induced damage. The mechanism of AVN-C against MTX suggests that ROS is involved in HDMTX-induced ototoxicity.
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16
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Umar S, Palasiewicz K, Volin MV, Zanotti B, Al-Awqati M, Sweiss N, Shahrara S. IRAK4 inhibitor mitigates joint inflammation by rebalancing metabolism malfunction in RA macrophages and fibroblasts. Life Sci 2021; 287:120114. [PMID: 34732329 PMCID: PMC10020992 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies show a connection between glycolysis and inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) macrophages (MΦs) and fibroblasts (FLS). Yet, it is unclear which pathways could be targeted to rebalance RA MΦs and FLS metabolic reprogramming. To identify novel targets that could normalize RA metabolic reprogramming, TLR7-mediated immunometabolism was characterized in RA MΦs, FLS and experimental arthritis. We uncovered that GLUT1, HIF1α, cMYC, LDHA and lactate were responsible for the TLR7-potentiated metabolic rewiring in RA MΦs and FLS, which was negated by IRAK4i. While in RA FLS, HK2 was uniquely expanded by TLR7 and negated by IRAK4i. Conversely, TLR7-driven hypermetabolism, non-oxidative PPP (CARKL) and oxidative phosphorylation (PPARγ) were narrowly dysregulated in TLR7-activated RA MΦs and FLS and was reversed by IRAK4i. Consistently, IRAK4i therapy disrupted arthritis mediated by miR-Let7b/TLR7 along with impairing a broad-range of glycolytic intermediates, GLUT1, HIF1α, cMYC, HK2, PFKFB3, PKM2, PDK1 and RAPTOR. Notably, inhibition of the mutually upregulated glycolytic metabolites, HIF1α and cMYC, was capable of mitigating TLR7-induced inflammatory imprint in RA MΦs and FLS. In keeping with IRAK4i, treatment with HIF1i and cMYCi intercepted TLR7-enhanced IRF5 and IRF7 in RA MΦs, distinct from RA FLS. Interestingly, in RA MΦs and FLS, IRAK4i counteracted TLR7-induced CARKL reduction in line with HIF1i. Whereas, cMYCi in concordance with IRAK4i, overturned oxidative phosphorylation via PPARγ in TLR7-activated RA MΦs and FLS. The blockade of IRAK4 and its interconnected intermediates can rebalance the metabolic malfunction by obstructing glycolytic and inflammatory phenotypes in RA MΦs and FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiq Umar
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Karol Palasiewicz
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Michael V Volin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, United States of America
| | - Brian Zanotti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, United States of America
| | - Mina Al-Awqati
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Nadera Sweiss
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Shiva Shahrara
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America.
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17
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Lin Z, Niu J, Xu Y, Qin L, Ding J, Zhou L. Clinical efficacy and adverse events of baricitinib treatment for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2021; 94:1523-1534. [PMID: 34846766 PMCID: PMC9015594 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of baricitinib in coronavirus disease-2019 are inadequately defined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of baricitinib to determine its clinical efficacy and adverse events in patients with COVID-19. Databases were searched from their inception to September 5, 2021. The primary outcome was the coefficient of mortality. We also compared secondary indicators and adverse events between baricitinib treatment and placebo or other treatments. Twelve studies of 3564 patients were included and assessed qualitatively (modified Jadad and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale scores). Baricitinib effectively improved the mortality rate (relative risk of mortality = 0.56; 95% confidence interval: 0.46-0.69; p < 0.001; I2 = 2%), and this result was unchanged by subgroup analysis. Baricitinib improved intensive care unit admission, the requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation, and improved the oxygenation index. Data from these studies also showed that baricitinib slightly reduced the risk of adverse events. Regarding the choice of the drug dosage of baricitinib, the high-dose group appeared to have additional benefits for clinical efficacy. Our study shows that baricitinib may be a promising, safe, and effective anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 drug candidate, with the advantages of low cost, easy production, and convenient storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyi Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Iwamoto N, Furukawa K, Endo Y, Shimizu T, Sumiyoshi R, Umeda M, Koga T, Kawashiri SY, Igawa T, Ichinose K, Tamai M, Origuchi T, Kawakami A. Methotrexate Alters the Expression of microRNA in Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111561. [PMID: 34768991 PMCID: PMC8584010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effect of methotrexate (MTX) on microRNA modulation in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells (RA-FLS). RA-FLS were treated with MTX for 48 h. We then performed miRNA array analysis to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs. Transfection with miR-877-3p precursor and inhibitor were used to investigate the functional role of miR-877-3p in RA-FLS. Gene ontology analysis was used to investigate the cellular processes involving miR-877-3p. The production of cytokines/chemokines was screened by multiplex cytokine/chemokine bead assay and confirmed by ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR. The migratory and proliferative activities of RA-FLS were analyzed by wound healing assay and MKI-67 expression. MTX treatment altered the expression of 13 miRNAs (seven were upregulated and six were downregulated). Among them, quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that miR-877-3p was upregulated in response to MTX (1.79 ± 0.46-fold, p < 0.05). The possible target genes of miR-877-3p in RA-FLS revealed by the microarray analysis were correlated with biological processes. The overexpression of miR-877-3p decreased the production of GM-CSF and CCL3, and the overexpression of miR-877-3p inhibited migratory and proliferative activity. MTX altered the miR-877-3p expression on RA-FLS, and this alteration of miR-877-3p attenuated the abundant production of cytokines/chemokines and proliferative property of RA-FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Iwamoto
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-95-819-7260; Fax: +81-95-849-7270
| | - Kaori Furukawa
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Yushiro Endo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Toshimasa Shimizu
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Remi Sumiyoshi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Tomohiro Koga
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Shin-ya Kawashiri
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
- Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Takashi Igawa
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Mami Tamai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Tomoki Origuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan; (K.F.); (Y.E.); (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.U.); (T.K.); (S.-y.K.); (T.I.); (K.I.); (M.T.); (A.K.)
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Reactive Oxygen Species in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: Reducing Radicals to Refine Responses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101616. [PMID: 34679751 PMCID: PMC8533157 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common cancer diagnosed in children and adolescents. Approximately 70% of patients survive >5-years following diagnosis, however, for those that fail upfront therapies, survival is poor. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are elevated in a range of cancers and are emerging as significant contributors to the leukaemogenesis of ALL. ROS modulate the function of signalling proteins through oxidation of cysteine residues, as well as promote genomic instability by damaging DNA, to promote chemotherapy resistance. Current therapeutic approaches exploit the pro-oxidant intracellular environment of malignant B and T lymphoblasts to cause irreversible DNA damage and cell death, however these strategies impact normal haematopoiesis and lead to long lasting side-effects. Therapies suppressing ROS production, especially those targeting ROS producing enzymes such as the NADPH oxidases (NOXs), are emerging alternatives to treat cancers and may be exploited to improve the ALL treatment. Here, we discuss the roles that ROS play in normal haematopoiesis and in ALL. We explore the molecular mechanisms underpinning overproduction of ROS in ALL, and their roles in disease progression and drug resistance. Finally, we examine strategies to target ROS production, with a specific focus on the NOX enzymes, to improve the treatment of ALL.
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20
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Frohman EM, Villemarette-Pittman NR, Rodriguez A, Glanzman R, Rugheimer S, Komogortsev O, Zamvil SS, Cruz RA, Varkey TC, Frohman AN, Frohman AR, Parsons MS, Konkle EH, Frohman TC. Application of an evidence-based, out-patient treatment strategy for COVID-19: Multidisciplinary medical practice principles to prevent severe disease. J Neurol Sci 2021; 426:117463. [PMID: 33971376 PMCID: PMC8055502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated individuals, families, and institutions throughout the world. Despite the breakneck speed of vaccine development, the human population remains at risk of further devastation. The decision to not become vaccinated, the protracted rollout of available vaccine, vaccine failure, mutational forms of the SARS virus, which may exhibit mounting resistance to our molecular strike at only one form of the viral family, and the rapid ability of the virus(es) to hitch a ride on our global transportation systems, means that we are will likely continue to confront an invisible, yet devastating foe. The enemy targets one of our human physiology's most important and vulnerable life-preserving body tissues, our broncho-alveolar gas exchange apparatus. Notwithstanding the fear and the fury of this microbe's potential to raise existential questions across the entire spectrum of human endeavor, the application of an early treatment intervention initiative may represent a crucial tool in our defensive strategy. This strategy is driven by evidence-based medical practice principles, those not likely to become antiquated, given the molecular diversity and mutational evolution of this very clever "world traveler".
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot M Frohman
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Professor Lawrence Steinman, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States of America.
| | | | - Adriana Rodriguez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Cook Children's Medical Center, Ft. Worth, TX, United States of America
| | - Robert Glanzman
- Clene Nanomedicine, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT 84121, United States of America.
| | - Sarah Rugheimer
- Department of Physics, University Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK.
| | - Oleg Komogortsev
- Department of Computer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, United States of America.
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
| | - Roberto Alejandro Cruz
- Department of Neurology, Doctor's Health at Renaissance Health Neurology Institute, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, United States of America.
| | - Thomas C Varkey
- Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, United States of America.
| | | | | | - Matthew S Parsons
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, United States of America; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
| | | | - Teresa C Frohman
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Professor Lawrence Steinman, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States of America.
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21
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Dewan P, Chaudhary P, Gomber S, Ahmed RS, Kotru M. Oxidative Stress in Cerebrospinal Fluid During Treatment in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cureus 2021; 13:e15997. [PMID: 34336488 PMCID: PMC8318315 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Central nervous system (CNS) treatment using intrathecal chemotherapy and cranial radiation to enable long-term disease-free survival from childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comes at the cost of neurotoxic side effects and long-term sequelae. We investigated oxidative stress as a possible mechanism of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity in children with ALL. Materials and methods In this case-control study, we estimated the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), a DNA damage product, in children with B-cell ALL and control children. CSF samples were collected at diagnosis, at end of Induction 1, Induction 2, and Induction 2A - consolidation phase. CSF 8-OH-dG levels were compared in children with and without neurotoxicity. Results Children with ALL (n=23) at diagnosis had significantly higher median (interquartile range, IQR) CSF 8-OH-dG levels (ng/mL) compared to controls (n=19) [1.97 (1.59-2.56) Vs 0.65 (0.59-0.82), P<0.001]. CSF 8-OH-dG levels at the end of four weeks, eight weeks, and 16 weeks of chemotherapy were [3.96 (2.85-5.44) ng/mL], 1.00 (0.89-1.09), and 3.73 (2.80-4.39) ng/mL, respectively. Out of 23 children with ALL, 12 developed neurotoxicity; the CSF levels of 8-OH-dG in them were only marginally higher compared to those who did not develop neurotoxicity. The CSF 8-OH-dG levels did not show a significant correlation with the number of doses of methotrexate or vincristine received. Conclusion Chemotherapy increases the CNS oxidative stress as measured by CSF 8-OH-dG levels, with the levels being proportional to the intensity of chemotherapy. Children with neurotoxicity had only marginally higher CSF 8-OH-dG levels as compared to children without neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Dewan
- Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND
| | | | - Sunil Gomber
- Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND
| | - Rafat S Ahmed
- Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND
| | - Mrinalini Kotru
- Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, IND
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22
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Dotolo S, Marabotti A, Rachiglio AM, Esposito Abate R, Benedetto M, Ciardiello F, De Luca A, Normanno N, Facchiano A, Tagliaferri R. A multiple network-based bioinformatics pipeline for the study of molecular mechanisms in oncological diseases for personalized medicine. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:6287337. [PMID: 34050359 PMCID: PMC8574709 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation Assessment of genetic mutations is an essential element in the modern era of personalized cancer treatment. Our strategy is focused on ‘multiple network analysis’ in which we try to improve cancer diagnostics by using biological networks. Genetic alterations in some important hubs or in driver genes such as BRAF and TP53 play a critical role in regulating many important molecular processes. Most of the studies are focused on the analysis of the effects of single mutations, while tumors often carry mutations of multiple driver genes. The aim of this work is to define an innovative bioinformatics pipeline focused on the design and analysis of networks (such as biomedical and molecular networks), in order to: (1) improve the disease diagnosis; (2) identify the patients that could better respond to a given drug treatment; and (3) predict what are the primary and secondary effects of gene mutations involved in human diseases. Results By using our pipeline based on a multiple network approach, it has been possible to demonstrate and validate what are the joint effects and changes of the molecular profile that occur in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC) carrying mutations in multiple genes. In this way, we can identify the most suitable drugs for the therapy for the individual patient. This information is useful to improve precision medicine in cancer patients. As an application of our pipeline, the clinically significant case studies of a cohort of mCRC patients with the BRAF V600E-TP53 I195N missense combined mutation were considered. Availability The procedures used in this paper are part of the Cytoscape Core, available at (www.cytoscape.org). Data used here on mCRC patients have been published in [55]. Supplementary Information A supplementary file containing a more detailed discussion of this case study and other cases is available at the journal site as Supplementary Data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Dotolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Aziendali, Management & Innovation Systems, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Anna Marabotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Anna Maria Rachiglio
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Riziero Esposito Abate
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella De Luca
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Facchiano
- Institute of Food Sciences, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Avellino, Italy
| | - Roberto Tagliaferri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Aziendali, Management & Innovation Systems, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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23
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Souza RAC, Ferreira BA, Moura FBRD, Costa Silva TD, Cavalcanti F, Franca EDF, Sousa RMFD, Febronio JDL, Lago JHG, Araújo FDA, de Oliveira A. Dehydrodieugenol B and hexane extract from Endlicheria paniculata regulate inflammation, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition induced by a murine sponge model. Fitoterapia 2020; 147:104767. [PMID: 33122131 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports the evaluation of hexane extract from Endlicheria paniculata and its main metabolite dehydrodieugenol B in the inflammatory response induced by a murine implant sponge model. As a result, a reduction in the inflammatory markers (myeloperoxidase and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase) and number of mast cells were observed in comparison to the control group. All doses were also able to reduce angiogenic parameters evaluated in fibrovascular tissue. In implants treated with dehydrodieugenol B a reduction in total collagen deposition and types I and III collagen fibers were observed, while an increased in total collagen deposition and types I and III collagen fibers were observed in the treatment with hexane extract. Docking studies into cyclooxygenase-2 active site revealed that the dehydrodieugenol B had binding modes and energies comparable with celecoxib, diclofenac and ibuprofen. Therefore, dehydrodieugenol B was able to alter key components of chronic inflammation, resulting in a reduced inflammatory response and also presenting antifibrogenic and antiangiogenic effects. However, treatment with hexane extract resulted in a reduced inflammatory response with antiangiogenic effects, but caused fibrogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Antonio Ferreira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Tiara da Costa Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cavalcanti
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jenifer de Lima Febronio
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, 09210-180 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda de Assis Araújo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Alberto de Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
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24
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Methrotexate Treatment Inmunomodulates Abnormal Cytokine Expression by T CD4 Lymphocytes Present in DMARD-Naïve Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186847. [PMID: 32961930 PMCID: PMC7555887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+T-lymphocytes are relevant in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however, their potential involvement in early RA remains elusive. Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), but its mechanism has not been fully established. In 47 new-onset DMARD-naïve RA patients, we investigated the pattern of IFNγ, IL-4 and IL-17A expression by naïve (TN), central (TCM), effector memory (TEM) and effector (TE) CD4+ subsets; their STAT-1, STAT-6 and STAT-3 transcription factors phosphorylation, and the circulating levels of IFNγ, IL-4 and IL-17. We also studied the RA patients after 3 and 6 months of MTX treatment and according their clinical response. CD4+T-lymphocyte subsets and cytokine expression were measured using flow cytometry. New-onset DMARD-naïve RA patients showed a significant expansion of IL-17A+, IFNγ+ and IL-17A+IFNγ+ CD4+T-lymphocyte subsets and increased intracellular STAT-1 and STAT-3 phosphorylation. Under basal conditions, nonresponder patients showed increased numbers of circulating IL-17A producing TN and TMC CD4+T-lymphocytes and IFNγ producing TN, TCM, TEM CD4+T-lymphocytes with respect to responders. After 6 months, the numbers of CD4+IL-17A+TN remained significantly increased in nonresponders. In conclusion, CD4+T-lymphocytes in new-onset DMARD-naïve RA patients show IL-17A and IFNγ abnormalities in TN, indicating their relevant role in early disease pathogenesis. Different patterns of CD4+ modulation are identified in MTX responders and nonresponders.
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25
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in Physiopathology and Pharmacological Treatment with Pro- and Antioxidant Properties in Chronic Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2082145. [PMID: 32774665 PMCID: PMC7396016 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2082145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has the ability to damage different molecules and cellular structures, altering the correct function of organs and systems. OS accumulates in the body by endogenous and exogenous mechanisms. Increasing evidence points to the involvement of OS in the physiopathology of various chronic diseases that require prolonged periods of pharmacological treatment. Long-term treatments may contribute to changes in systemic OS. In this review, we discuss the involvement of OS in the pathological mechanisms of some chronic diseases, the pro- or antioxidant effects of their pharmacological treatments, and possible adjuvant antioxidant alternatives. Diseases such as high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic treatments help reduce the risk with an additional antioxidant benefit. Treatment with methotrexate in autoimmune systemic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, has a dual role in stimulating the production of OS and producing mitochondrial dysfunction. However, it can also help indirectly decrease the systemic OS induced by inflammation. Medicaments used to treat neurodegenerative diseases tend to decrease the mechanisms related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and balance OS. On the other hand, immunosuppressive treatments used in cancer or human immunodeficiency virus infection increase the production of ROS, causing significant oxidative damage in different organs and systems without widely documented exogenous antioxidant administration alternatives.
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26
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Guo D, Shi C, Wang L, Ji X, Zhang S, Luo J. A Rationally Designed Micellar Nanocarrier for the Delivery of Hydrophilic Methotrexate in Psoriasis Treatment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4832-4846. [PMID: 34136761 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is broadly applied in the clinic for the treatments of cancers and autoimmune diseases. Targeted delivery of MTX is attractive to improve its efficacy and reduce off-target toxicity. However, MTX encapsulation in nanoparticle is challenging due to its high water solubility. We rationally designed a well-defined telodendrimer (TD) nanocarrier based on MTX structure to sequester it in nanoparticles. Riboflavin (Rf) and positive charges groups were precisely conjugated on TD to form multivalent hydrogen bonds, π-π stacking and electrostatic interactions with MTX. A reverse micelle approach was developed to preset MTX and TD interactions in the core of micelles, which ensures the effective MTX loading upon dispersion into aqueous solution. As results, MTX loading capacity reaches over 20% (w/w) in the optimized nanocarrier with the particle size of 20-30 nm. The nanoformulations sustain the release of MTX in a controlled manner and exhibit excellent hemocompatibility. The in vitro cellular uptake of MTX was significantly improved by the nanoformulations. The potency of MTX nanoformulations is comparable to the free MTX in cytotoxicity. A psoriasis-like skin inflammation model was induced in mouse by imiquimod (IMQ) stimulation. MTX nanoformulations improved the psoriasis targeting and exhibited a superior long-lasting efficacy in reducing skin inflammation compared with the free MTX in psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Changying Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Xiaotian Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Shengle Zhang
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Juntao Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA.,Department of Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA.,Upstate Cancer Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA.,Sepsis Interdisciplinary Research Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
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27
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Szostak B, Machaj F, Rosik J, Pawlik A. Using pharmacogenetics to predict methotrexate response in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:617-626. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1777279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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28
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Welbat JU, Naewla S, Pannangrong W, Sirichoat A, Aranarochana A, Wigmore P. Neuroprotective effects of hesperidin against methotrexate-induced changes in neurogenesis and oxidative stress in the adult rat. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114083. [PMID: 32522593 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and leads to neurotoxicity. The drug also negatively impacts neurogenesis and memory. Hesperidin (Hsd) is a major flavanoid with multiple beneficial pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotective effects. The aim of our study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Hsd against MTX-induced alterations in oxidative stress and neurogenesis. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: 1) a vehicle group, which received saline and propylene glycol, 2) an Hsd group, which was orally administered with Hsd (100 mg/kg) for 21 days, 3) an MTX group, which received MTX (75 mg/kg) by intravenous injection on days 8 and 15, and 4) an MTX + Hsd group, which received both MTX and Hsd. After treatment with MTX, p21-positive cells had increased significantly and doublecortin (DCX) expression in the hippocampus had decreased significantly. Treatment with MTX also increased malondialdehyde (MDA) in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and decreased levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Additionally, there were significant decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in the MTX group. However, co-treatment with Hsd ameliorated the negative effects of MTX on neurogenesis, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes. These findings suggest that Hsd may be able to prevent neurotoxic effects of MTX by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Salinee Naewla
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wanassanan Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Sirichoat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Anusara Aranarochana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Peter Wigmore
- School of Life Sciences, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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29
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Frohman EM, Villemarette-Pittman NR, Cruz RA, Longmuir R, Rowe V, Rowe ES, Varkey TC, Steinman L, Zamvil SS, Frohman TC. Part II. high-dose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue for severe COVID-19: An immune stabilization strategy for SARS-CoV-2 induced 'PANIC' attack. J Neurol Sci 2020; 415:116935. [PMID: 32534807 PMCID: PMC7241359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Here, in Part II of a duology on the characterization and potential treatment for COVID-19, we characterize the application of an innovative treatment regimen for the prevention of the transition from mild to severe COVID-19, as well as detail an intensive immunotherapy intervention hypothesis. We propose as a putative randomized controlled trial that high-dose methotrexate with leucovorin (HDMTX-LR) rescue can abolish ‘PANIC’, thereby ‘left-shifting’ severe COVID-19 patients to the group majority of those infected with SARS-CoV-2, who are designated as having mild, even asymptomatic, disease. HDMTX-LR is endowed with broadly pleiotropic properties and is a repurposed, generic, inexpensive, and widely available agent which can be administered early in the course of severe COVID-19 thus rescuing the critical and irreplaceable gas-exchange alveoli. Further, we describe a preventative treatment intervention regimen for those designated as having mild to moderate COVID-19 disease, but who exhibit features which herald the transition to the severe variant of this disease. Both of our proposed hypothesis-driven questions should be urgently subjected to rigorous assessment in the context of randomized controlled trials, in order to confirm or refute the contention that the approaches characterized herein, are in fact capable of exerting mitigating, if not abolishing, effects upon SARS-CoV-2 triggered ‘PANIC Attack’. Confirmation of our immunotherapy hypothesis would have far-reaching ramifications for the current pandemic, along with yielding invaluable lessons which could be leveraged to more effectively prepare for the next challenge to global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot M Frohman
- Department of Neurology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America.
| | | | - Roberto Alejandro Cruz
- Department of Neurology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America.
| | - Reid Longmuir
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Vernon Rowe
- Rowe Neurology Institute, Lenexa, KS, United States of America.
| | | | - Thomas C Varkey
- Department of Neurology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; The Colangelo College of Business, at Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, United States of America.
| | - Lawrence Steinman
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America.
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
| | - Teresa C Frohman
- Department of Neurology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America.
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Tsiklauri L, Drafi F, Poništ S, Slovák L, Chrastina M, Švík K, Kemoklidze Z, Kemertelidze E, Bauerová K. Study of anti-inflammatory activity of Fatsiphloginum™ (Fatsia japonica) and a new purified triterpene-rich extract of saponins (PS-551) in experimental model of arthritis. Physiol Res 2020; 68:S75-S85. [PMID: 31755293 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two extracts from Fatsia japonica-Fatsiphloginum™ (extract of triterpene glycosides containing 45-50 % of fatsiosides (FS)) and purified triterpene-rich extract of saponins with code name PS-551 (PS) were administered in combination with methotrexate (MTX) and in monotherapy to rats suffering adjuvant arthritis (AA). The anti-inflammatory activities of extracts were evaluated as monotherapies in comparison with untreated AA. PS administered in higher dose showed on day 28 effective decrease of hind paw volume (HPV), decreased activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in joints, and also interleukin-17A was decreased significantly on day 14. The higher dose of PS was more effective than both doses of FS. Further, we evaluated the higher doses of PS and FS in combination with MTX. PS improved the effect of MTX in combination more effective than FS (HPV, body weight and activity of GGT in joint). However, FS was more effective in reducing the level of IL-17A on day 14 and activity of GGT in spleen than PS. In conclusion, our study showed that generally FS has higher anti-arthritic activity comparing to PS. Thus, the novel combination of Fatsiphloginum™ and methotrexate could be interesting for future clinical studies in patients suffering auto-immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tsiklauri
- Iovel Kutateladze Pharmacochemistry Institute, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Update on the Pathomechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040880. [PMID: 32260219 PMCID: PMC7226834 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple joints bilaterally. It is characterized by an inflammation of the tendon (tenosynovitis) resulting in both cartilage destruction and bone erosion. While until the 1990s RA frequently resulted in disability, inability to work, and increased mortality, newer treatment options have made RA a manageable disease. Here, great progress has been made in the development of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) which target inflammation and thereby prevent further joint damage. The available DMARDs are subdivided into (1) conventional synthetic DMARDs (methotrexate, hydrochloroquine, and sulfadiazine), (2) targeted synthetic DMARDs (pan-JAK- and JAK1/2-inhibitors), and (3) biologic DMARDs (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors, TNF-receptor (R) inhibitors, IL-6 inhibitors, IL-6R inhibitors, B cell depleting antibodies, and inhibitors of co-stimulatory molecules). While DMARDs have repeatedly demonstrated the potential to greatly improve disease symptoms and prevent disease progression in RA patients, they are associated with considerable side-effects and high financial costs. This review summarizes our current understanding of the underlying pathomechanism, diagnosis of RA, as well as the mode of action, clinical benefits, and side-effects of the currently available DMARDs.
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Jun F, Peng Z, Zhang Y, Shi D. Quantitative proteomic analysis identifies novel regulators of methotrexate resistance in choriocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 157:268-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Targeting immunometabolism as an anti-inflammatory strategy. Cell Res 2020; 30:300-314. [PMID: 32132672 PMCID: PMC7118080 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing field of immunometabolism has taught us how metabolic cellular reactions and processes not only provide a means to generate ATP and biosynthetic precursors, but are also a way of controlling immunity and inflammation. Metabolic reprogramming of immune cells is essential for both inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory responses. Four anti-inflammatory therapies, DMF, Metformin, Methotrexate and Rapamycin all work by affecting metabolism and/or regulating or mimicking endogenous metabolites with anti-inflammatory effects. Evidence is emerging for the targeting of specific metabolic events as a strategy to limit inflammation in different contexts. Here we discuss these recent developments and speculate on the prospect of targeting immunometabolism in the effort to develop novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics. As accumulating evidence for roles of an intricate and elaborate network of metabolic processes, including lipid, amino acid and nucleotide metabolism provides key focal points for developing new therapies, we here turn our attention to glycolysis and the TCA cycle to provide examples of how metabolic intermediates and enzymes can provide potential novel therapeutic targets.
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Friedman B, Cronstein B. Mécanisme d'action du méthotrexate dans le traitement de la polyarthrite rhumatoïde. REVUE DU RHUMATISME (ED. FRANCAISE : 1993) 2020; 87:92-98. [PMID: 35068924 PMCID: PMC8782276 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhum.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Le méthotrexate est utilisé dans le traitement de la polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR) depuis les années 1980 et est souvent à ce jour le médicament de première intention pour le traitement de la PR. Dans cette revue, nous examinons plusieurs hypothèses pour expliquer le mécanisme à l'origine de l'efficacité du méthotrexate dans la PR. Celles-ci comprennent l'antagonisme du folate, la signalisation par l'adénosine, la génération d'espèces réactives de l'oxygène (ROS), la diminution des molécules d'adhérence, la modification des profils cytokiniques et l'inhibition des polyamines, entre autres. Actuellement, la signalisation par l'adénosine est probablement l'explication la plus largement acceptée du mécanisme du méthotrexate dans la PR, car le méthotrexate augmente les taux d'adénosine et suite à l'engagement de l'adénosine avec ses récepteurs extracellulaires, une cascade intracellulaire est activée et favorise un état antiinflammatoire global. Outre ces hypothèses, nous examinons le mécanisme du méthotrexate dans la PR sous l'angle de ses effets indésirables et considérons certains des nouveaux marqueurs génétiques de l'efficacité et de la toxicité du méthotrexate dans la PR. Enfin, nous discutons brièvement du mécanisme du méthotrexate en association avec un traitement de la PR par un inhibiteur du TNF-. En fin de compte, en trouvant une explication claire de la voie et du mécanisme conduisant à l'efficacité du méthotrexate dans la PR, il pourrait exister un moyen de formuler des thérapies plus puissantes avec moins d'effets secondaires.
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Jiang BW, Zhang WJ, Wang Y, Tan LP, Bao YL, Song ZB, Yu CL, Wang SY, Liu L, Li YX. Convallatoxin induces HaCaT cell necroptosis and ameliorates skin lesions in psoriasis-like mouse models. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109615. [PMID: 31707343 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is considered an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorder that affects the quality of life of nearly four percent of the world population. Considering the side effects of existing therapeutic drugs and the urgent need for new drug development, we screened more than 250 traditional Chinese medicine compounds to identify drugs that significantly reduced the viability of human HaCaT keratinocytes, a psoriasis-related model cell line. Convallatoxin (CNT) was found to be a highly effective inhibitor of HaCaT cell viability. Subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that CNT induced HaCaT cell death by necroptosis rather than by apoptosis. CNT destroyed the membrane integrity of HaCaT cells, as detected by nuclear propidium iodide (PI) staining and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Additionally, the intercellular levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were lower in HaCaT cells treated with CNT than in control HaCaT cells, and typical necroptosis-associated characteristics were observed by electron microscopy in cells treated with CNT. Furthermore, compared with control HaCaT cells, CNT-treated HaCaT cells produced more reactive oxygen species (ROS), but this effect was inhibited by the antioxidants N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), and apocynin and the necroptosis inhibitor Nec-1. In addition, antioxidant treatment attenuated necroptotic cell death, suggesting that CNT-induced HaCaT necroptosis is mediated by oxidative stress. More importantly, CNT ameliorated skin lesions and inflammation in imiquimod (IMQ)- and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced psoriasis-like mouse models. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CNT is cytotoxic against HaCaT cells in vitro and exerts antipsoriatic activities in two mouse models of psoriasis in vivo, making CNT a potential promising candidate drug for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Research Centre of Agriculture and Medicine Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Li-Ping Tan
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yong-Li Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Zhen-Bo Song
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Chun-Lei Yu
- Research Centre of Agriculture and Medicine Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Shu-Yue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yu-Xin Li
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
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Bedoui Y, Guillot X, Sélambarom J, Guiraud P, Giry C, Jaffar-Bandjee MC, Ralandison S, Gasque P. Methotrexate an Old Drug with New Tricks. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205023. [PMID: 31658782 PMCID: PMC6834162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is the first line drug for the treatment of a number of rheumatic and non-rheumatic disorders. It is currently used as an anchor disease, modifying anti-rheumatic drug in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite the development of numerous new targeted therapies, MTX remains the backbone of RA therapy due to its potent efficacy and tolerability. There has been also a growing interest in the use of MTX in the treatment of chronic viral mediated arthritis. Many viruses—including old world alphaviruses, Parvovirus B19, hepatitis B/C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus—have been associated with arthritogenic diseases and reminiscent of RA. MTX may provide benefits although with the potential risk of attenuating patients’ immune surveillance capacities. In this review, we describe the emerging mechanisms of action of MTX as an anti-inflammatory drug and complementing its well-established immunomodulatory activity. The mechanisms involve adenosine signaling modulation, alteration of cytokine networks, generation of reactive oxygen species and HMGB1 alarmin suppression. We also provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of MTX toxic effects. Lastly, we discussed the efficacy, as well as the safety, of MTX used in the management of viral-related rheumatic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Bedoui
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion-Plateforme Technologique CYROI-2, rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Xavier Guillot
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU La Réunion site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Jimmy Sélambarom
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion-Plateforme Technologique CYROI-2, rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Pascale Guiraud
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion-Plateforme Technologique CYROI-2, rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Claude Giry
- Laboratoire de biologie, CNR associé des arbovirus, CHU La Réunion site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Marie Christine Jaffar-Bandjee
- Laboratoire de biologie, CNR associé des arbovirus, CHU La Réunion site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Stéphane Ralandison
- Service de Rhumatologie-Médecine Interne, CHU Morafeno, Route d'Ivoloina 501, Toamasina, Madagascar.
| | - Philippe Gasque
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion-Plateforme Technologique CYROI-2, rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
- Pôle de Biologie, secteur Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale de la zone de l'Océan Indien (LICE-OI), CHU La Réunion site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France.
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37
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Understanding the binding interaction between methotrexate and human alpha-2-macroglobulin: Multi-spectroscopic and computational investigation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 675:108118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Kunimoto K, Honda-Ozaki F, Saito MK, Furukawa F, Kanazawa N. Beneficial effect of methotrexate on a child case of Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome. J Dermatol 2019; 46:e365-e367. [PMID: 31058345 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Kunimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Fumiko Honda-Ozaki
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumu K Saito
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fukumi Furukawa
- Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kanazawa
- Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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Naewla S, Sirichoat A, Pannangrong W, Chaisawang P, Wigmore P, Welbat JU. Hesperidin Alleviates Methotrexate-Induced Memory Deficits via Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Adult Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040936. [PMID: 31027240 PMCID: PMC6521088 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid antagonist, is widely used in cancer treatment. However, treatment with MTX reduces hippocampal neurogenesis, leading to memory deficits. Hesperidin (Hsd) is a flavonoid glycoside that promotes anti-inflammation, acts as an antioxidant, and has neuroprotective properties. Consumption of Hsd enhances learning and memory. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of Hsd against MTX-induced impairments of memory and neurogenesis; male Sprague Dawley rats were administered with a single dose of MTX (75 mg/kg) by intravenous (i.v.) injection on days 8 and 15 or Hsd (100 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 21 days. Memory was tested using novel object location (NOL) and novel object recognition (NOR) tasks. Immunofluorescence staining of Ki-67, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), and doublecortin (DCX) was performed to assess cell proliferation, survival, and immature neurons. The data showed that Hsd and MTX did not disable locomotor ability. The MTX animals exhibited memory deficits in both memory tests. There were significant decreases in the numbers of cell proliferation, survival, and immature neurons in the MTX animals. However, co-administration with MTX and Hsd alleviated memory loss and neurogenesis decline. These results revealed that Hsd could protect against MTX side effects in the animals in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salinee Naewla
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Apiwat Sirichoat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Wanassanan Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Pornthip Chaisawang
- Faculty of Medical Science, Nakhonratchasima College, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
| | - Peter Wigmore
- School of Life Sciences, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
- Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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40
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Nedelcu RI, Balaban M, Turcu G, Brinzea A, Ion DA, Antohe M, Hodorogea A, Calinescu A, Badarau AI, Popp CG, Cioplea M, Nichita L, Popescu S, Diaconu C, Bleotu C, Pirici D, Popescu R, Popescu CM, Zurac SA. Efficacy of methotrexate as anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative drug in dermatology: Three case reports. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:905-910. [PMID: 31384322 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid analog with anti-proliferative (anti-neoplastic, cytotoxic), immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties, which has been used in the treatment of various cutaneous disorders, such as psoriasis, keratoacanthoma, pityriasis rubra pilaris, atopic dermatitis, mycosis fungoides, bullous skin diseases, systemic sclerosis, morphea, lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis and crusted scabies. Inhibition of cell proliferation is explained through its role in blocking DNA/RNA synthesis, by inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase, necessary for the production of pyrimidine and purine nucleotides. An anticancer effect can be related to α-oxoaldehyde metabolism (MTX increases methylglyoxal levels). Its anti-inflammatory property is based on the inhibition of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase, thus increasing intracellular and extracellular adenosine, a purine nucleoside with anti-inflammatory effect. This drug can limit inflammation by scavenging free radicals and decreasing malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde protein-adduct production. Moreover, the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects can also be related to inhibition of the DNA methylation pathway, thus inhibiting methionine formation. The aim of the present study was to report various dermatological cases from our daily practice that demonstrate the efficacy of MTX in the treatment of cutaneous diseases, highlighting different mechanisms of action: its anti-inflammatory effect in psoriasis and its anti-proliferative, and anti-neoplastic effect in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma or in keratoacanthoma. Moreover, different administration pathways and doses are addressed. Assessment of the treatment plan, clinical improvement of cutaneous lesions, biologic evaluation, final aesthetic result, quality of life, as well as potential adverse effects and drug tolerance related to each case mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Ioana Nedelcu
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Derma 360° Clinic, 011273 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Balaban
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Derma 360° Clinic, 011273 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Turcu
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Derma 360° Clinic, 011273 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Ambulatory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr. Matei Balș', 020105 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alice Brinzea
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Ambulatory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Prof. Dr. Matei Balș', 020105 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Adriana Ion
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Antohe
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Derma 360° Clinic, 011273 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anastasia Hodorogea
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Calinescu
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Ioana Badarau
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Mirela Cioplea
- Department of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luciana Nichita
- Department of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silvia Popescu
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Diaconu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, 'Stefan S. Nicolau' Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, 'Stefan S. Nicolau' Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Pirici
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Raluca Popescu
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin Mihai Popescu
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sabina Andrada Zurac
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
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May JL, Kouri FM, Hurley LA, Liu J, Tommasini-Ghelfi S, Ji Y, Gao P, Calvert AE, Lee A, Chandel NS, Davuluri RV, Horbinski CM, Locasale JW, Stegh AH. IDH3α regulates one-carbon metabolism in glioblastoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaat0456. [PMID: 30613765 PMCID: PMC6314828 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Mutation or transcriptional up-regulation of isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2) promotes cancer progression through metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic deregulation of gene expression. Here, we demonstrate that IDH3α, a subunit of the IDH3 heterotetramer, is elevated in glioblastoma (GBM) patient samples compared to normal brain tissue and promotes GBM progression in orthotopic glioma mouse models. IDH3α loss of function reduces tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle turnover and inhibits oxidative phosphorylation. In addition to its impact on mitochondrial energy metabolism, IDH3α binds to cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase (cSHMT). This interaction enhances nucleotide availability during DNA replication, while the absence of IDH3α promotes methionine cycle activity, S-adenosyl methionine generation, and DNA methylation. Thus, the regulation of one-carbon metabolism via an IDH3α-cSHMT signaling axis represents a novel mechanism of metabolic adaptation in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine L. May
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Fotini M. Kouri
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Lisa A. Hurley
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Serena Tommasini-Ghelfi
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yanrong Ji
- Preventive Medicine, Health and Biomedical Informatics, Feinberg School of Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Peng Gao
- Metabolomics Core Facility of Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrea E. Calvert
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Andrew Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60615, USA
| | - Ramana V. Davuluri
- Preventive Medicine, Health and Biomedical Informatics, Feinberg School of Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Craig M. Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60615, USA
| | - Jason W. Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alexander H. Stegh
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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42
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Strategies toward rheumatoid arthritis therapy; the old and the new. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10018-10031. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Chen X, Mims J, Huang X, Singh N, Motea E, Planchon SM, Beg M, Tsang AW, Porosnicu M, Kemp ML, Boothman DA, Furdui CM. Modulators of Redox Metabolism in Head and Neck Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1660-1690. [PMID: 29113454 PMCID: PMC6207163 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is a complex disease characterized by high genetic and metabolic heterogeneity. Radiation therapy (RT) alone or combined with systemic chemotherapy is widely used for treatment of HNSCC as definitive treatment or as adjuvant treatment after surgery. Antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor are used in definitive or palliative treatment. Recent Advances: Emerging targeted therapies against other proteins of interest as well as programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death-ligand 1 immunotherapies are being explored in clinical trials. CRITICAL ISSUES The disease heterogeneity, invasiveness, and resistance to standard of care RT or chemoradiation therapy continue to constitute significant roadblocks for treatment and patients' quality of life (QOL) despite improvements in treatment modality and the emergence of new therapies over the past two decades. FUTURE DIRECTIONS As reviewed here, alterations in redox metabolism occur at all stages of HNSCC management, providing opportunities for improved prevention, early detection, response to therapies, and QOL. Bioinformatics and computational systems biology approaches are key to integrate redox effects with multiomics data from cells and clinical specimens and to identify redox modifiers or modifiable target proteins to achieve improved clinical outcomes. Antioxid. Redox Signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jade Mims
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Radiation Oncology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Naveen Singh
- Departments of Pharmacology, Radiation Oncology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Edward Motea
- Departments of Pharmacology, Radiation Oncology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Muhammad Beg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Allen W. Tsang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mercedes Porosnicu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Melissa L. Kemp
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David A. Boothman
- Departments of Pharmacology, Radiation Oncology, and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Cristina M. Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Metformin Promotes HaCaT Cell Apoptosis through Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species via Raf-1-ERK1/2-Nrf2 Inactivation. Inflammation 2018; 41:948-958. [PMID: 29549478 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0749-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although metformin (MET) may be useful for the treatment of psoriasis, the mechanisms underlying its method of action have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, the relationship between MET function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the underlying mechanism were explored in human immortalized keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). HaCaT cells were incubated with MET at 0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 mM for 24 h. The cell viability was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The cell apoptosis rate and intracellular ROS levels were examined using flow cytometry. The protein expression and the phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), Raf-1, and ERK1/2 were assessed by Western blot. The specific ROS scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and the specific Nrf2 agonist Oltipraz (OPZ) were used to analyze the effect of MET. MET decreased HaCaT cell proliferation and induced HaCaT cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. MET was found to elevate intracellular ROS levels in a dose-dependent manner, while pretreatment with NAC attenuated these effects. MET inhibits the protein expression and the phosphorylation levels of Nrf2. The combination of OPZ and MET can significantly increase the cell viability, decrease the rate of apoptosis, and attenuate the intracellular ROS levels relative to MET alone. MET inhibits the protein expression and the phosphorylation levels of Raf-1 and ERK1/2. MET was found to attenuate Raf-1-ERK1/2 signaling in HaCaT cells to suppress the expression and phosphorylation levels of Nrf2, which contributed to the intracellular generation of ROS and the pro-apoptotic effects of MET.
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Wen J, Maxwell RR, Wolf AJ, Spira M, Gulinello ME, Cole PD. Methotrexate causes persistent deficits in memory and executive function in a juvenile animal model. Neuropharmacology 2018; 139:76-84. [PMID: 29990472 PMCID: PMC6089371 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate is a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor widely employed in curative treatment for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, methotrexate administration is also associated with persistent cognitive deficits among long-term childhood cancer survivors. Animal models of methotrexate-induced cognitive deficits have primarily utilized adult animals. The purpose of present study is to investigate the neurotoxicity of methotrexate in juvenile rats and its relevant mechanisms. The doses and schedule of systemic and intrathecal methotrexate, given from post-natal age 3-7 weeks, were chosen to model the effects of repeated methotrexate dosing on the developing brains of young children with ALL. This methotrexate regimen had no visible acute toxicity and no effect on growth. At 15 weeks of age (8 weeks after the last methotrexate dose) both spatial pattern memory and visual recognition memory were impaired. In addition, methotrexate-treated animals demonstrated impaired performance in the set-shifting assay, indicating decreased cognitive flexibility. Histopathological analysis demonstrated decreased cell proliferation in methotrexate-treated animals compared to controls, as well as changes in length and thickness of the corpus callosum. Moreover, methotrexate suppressed microglia activation and RANTES production. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that a clinically relevant regimen of systemic and intrathecal methotrexate induces persistent deficits in spatial pattern memory, visual recognition memory and executive function, lasting at least 8 weeks after the last injection. The mechanisms behind methotrexate-induced deficits are likely multifactorial and may relate to suppression of neurogenesis, alterations in neuroinflammation and microglial activation, and structural changes in the corpus callosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rochelle R Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alexander J Wolf
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Menachem Spira
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria E Gulinello
- Behavioral Core Facility, Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Peter D Cole
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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46
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Methotrexate mechanism in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2018; 86:301-307. [PMID: 30081197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate has been used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since the 1980s and to this day is often the first line medication for RA treatment. In this review, we examine multiple hypotheses to explain the mechanism of methotrexate efficacy in RA. These include folate antagonism, adenosine signaling, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decrease in adhesion molecules, alteration of cytokine profiles, and polyamine inhibition amongst some others. Currently, adenosine signaling is probably the most widely accepted explanation for the methotrexate mechanism in RA given that methotrexate increases adenosine levels and on engagement of adenosine with its extracellular receptors an intracellular cascade is activated promoting an overall anti-inflammatory state. In addition to these hypotheses, we examine the mechanism of methotrexate in RA from the perspective of its adverse effects and consider some of the newer genetic markers of methotrexate efficacy and toxicity in RA. Lastly, we briefly discuss the mechanism of additive methotrexate in the setting of TNF-α inhibitor treatment of RA. Ultimately, finding a clear explanation for the pathway and mechanism leading to methotrexate efficacy in RA, there may be a way to formulate more potent therapies with fewer side effects.
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Costa NT, Iriyoda TMV, Alfieri DF, Simão ANC, Dichi I. Influence of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs on oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:1151-1164. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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48
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Salva KA, Kim YH, Rahbar Z, Wood GS. Epigenetically Enhanced PDT Induces Significantly Higher Levels of Multiple Extrinsic Pathway Apoptotic Factors than Standard PDT, Resulting in Greater Extrinsic and Overall Apoptosis of Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 94:1058-1065. [PMID: 29675945 DOI: 10.1111/php.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aminolevulinate-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) selectively eliminates diseased tissues primarily through the induction of intrinsic apoptotic pathway. ALA-PDT is a first-line therapy for actinic keratosis, however, it is less effective for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). We have previously demonstrated that the resistance of CTCL to apoptosis correlates with decreased expression of death receptors such as FAS, and that methotrexate functions as an epigenetic regulator that reestablishes the susceptibility of CTCL to extrinsic pathway apoptosis. We showed previously that MTX augments the effectiveness of PDT by sensitizing cells to apoptosis by induction of apoptotic factors, a process we call "epigenetically enhanced" PDT (ePDT). Here, in CTCL cell lines, leukemic CTCL cells, and normal blood T cells, we analyzed multiple components of the FAS, TRAIL, and TNF families using multispectral imaging of immunostained cytopreparations, a quantitative technique with five-fold greater sensitivity than standard immunocytology. ePDT induced significantly greater FAS, FASL, TRAIL-R1 & -R2, and TNFα levels than standard PDT. This correlated with significantly greater induction of extrinsic pathway apoptosis and/or overall apoptosis in all CTCL samples. There was no appreciable effect on normal T cells. These data set the stage for clinical trials of ePDT as a novel localized treatment of CTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin A Salva
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Youn H Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Ziba Rahbar
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Gary S Wood
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.,VA Medical Center, Madison, WI
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Anticancer Properties of Essential Oils and Other Natural Products. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3149362. [PMID: 29765461 PMCID: PMC5889900 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3149362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils are secondary metabolites with a key-role in plants protection, consisting primarily of terpenes with a volatile nature and a diverse array of chemical structures. Essential oils exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, especially antimicrobial activity, and have long been utilized for treating various human ailments and diseases. Cancer cell prevention and cytotoxicity are exhibited through a wide range of mechanisms of action, with more recent research focusing on synergistic and antagonistic activity between specific essential oils major and minor components. Essential oils have been shown to possess cancer cell targeting activity and are able to increase the efficacy of commonly used chemotherapy drugs including paclitaxel and docetaxel, having also shown proimmune functions when administered to the cancer patient. The present review represents a state-of-the-art review of the research behind the application of EOs as anticancer agents both in vitro and in vivo. Cancer cell target specificity and the use of EOs in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic strategies are also explored.
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50
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Singh RK, van Haandel L, Heruth DP, Ye SQ, Leeder JS, Becker ML, Funk RS. Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency Potentiates the Antiproliferative Activity of Methotrexate through Enhanced Depletion of Intracellular ATP. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:96-106. [PMID: 29420256 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.246199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower plasma nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) levels are associated with improved response to methotrexate (MTX) in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Cell-based studies confirmed that reduced cellular NAMPT activity potentiates the pharmacologic activity of MTX; however, the mechanism of this interaction has yet to be defined. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the mechanism of enhanced pharmacologic activity of MTX in NAMPT-deficient A549 cells. Small interfering RNA-based silencing of NAMPT expression resulted in a greater than 3-fold increase in sensitivity to MTX (P < 0.005) that was completely reversed by supplementation with folinic acid. Despite a 68% reduction in cellular NAD levels in NAMPT-deficient cells, no change in expression or activity of dihydrofolate reductase was observed and uptake of MTX was not significantly altered. MTX did not potentiate the depletion of cellular NAD levels, but NAMPT-deficient cells had significant elevations in levels of intermediates of de novo purine biosynthesis and were 4-fold more sensitive to depletion of ATP by MTX (P < 0.005). Supplementation with hypoxanthine and thymidine completely reversed the antiproliferative activity of MTX in NAMPT-deficient cells and corresponded to repletion of the cellular ATP pool without any effect on NAD levels. Together, these findings demonstrate that increased MTX activity with decreased NAMPT expression is dependent on the antifolate activity of MTX and is driven by enhanced sensitivity to the ATP-depleting effects of MTX. For the first time, these findings provide mechanistic details to explain the increase in pharmacological activity of MTX under conditions of reduced NAMPT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Singh
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice (R.K.S., R.S.F.) and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics (J.S.L., R.S.F.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation (L.v.H., J.S.L., M.L.B.), Rheumatology (M.L.B.), and Experimental and Translational Genetics (D.P.H., S.Q.Y.), Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri (S.Q.Y.)
| | - Leon van Haandel
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice (R.K.S., R.S.F.) and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics (J.S.L., R.S.F.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation (L.v.H., J.S.L., M.L.B.), Rheumatology (M.L.B.), and Experimental and Translational Genetics (D.P.H., S.Q.Y.), Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri (S.Q.Y.)
| | - Daniel P Heruth
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice (R.K.S., R.S.F.) and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics (J.S.L., R.S.F.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation (L.v.H., J.S.L., M.L.B.), Rheumatology (M.L.B.), and Experimental and Translational Genetics (D.P.H., S.Q.Y.), Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri (S.Q.Y.)
| | - Shui Q Ye
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice (R.K.S., R.S.F.) and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics (J.S.L., R.S.F.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation (L.v.H., J.S.L., M.L.B.), Rheumatology (M.L.B.), and Experimental and Translational Genetics (D.P.H., S.Q.Y.), Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri (S.Q.Y.)
| | - J Steven Leeder
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice (R.K.S., R.S.F.) and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics (J.S.L., R.S.F.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation (L.v.H., J.S.L., M.L.B.), Rheumatology (M.L.B.), and Experimental and Translational Genetics (D.P.H., S.Q.Y.), Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri (S.Q.Y.)
| | - Mara L Becker
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice (R.K.S., R.S.F.) and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics (J.S.L., R.S.F.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation (L.v.H., J.S.L., M.L.B.), Rheumatology (M.L.B.), and Experimental and Translational Genetics (D.P.H., S.Q.Y.), Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri (S.Q.Y.)
| | - Ryan S Funk
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice (R.K.S., R.S.F.) and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics (J.S.L., R.S.F.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation (L.v.H., J.S.L., M.L.B.), Rheumatology (M.L.B.), and Experimental and Translational Genetics (D.P.H., S.Q.Y.), Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri (S.Q.Y.)
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