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El-Sheekh M, Bedaiwy M, Mansour H, El-Shenody RA. Efficiency of the fatty acids extracted from the microalga Parachlorella kessleri in wound-healing. Burns 2024; 50:924-935. [PMID: 38378390 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing is a physiological process that results in the reconstruction and restoration of granulation tissue, followed by scar formation. We explored the impact of fatty acids in the form of oils on wound healing since they are part of membrane phospholipids and participate in the inflammatory response. This work investigated the efficiency of fatty acids extracted from microalga Parachlorella kessleri in treating excisional wounds and burns and evaluated their antioxidant activity. The rationale behind this investigation lies in the integral role fatty acids play in membrane phospholipids and their involvement in the inflammatory response. Among different nitrogen sources, glycine showed the highest biomass and lipid productivity (0.08 g L-1 d-1 and 58.37 μgml-1 day-1, respectively). Based on the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids that increased by 50.38 % in the Glycine culture of P. kessleri, both total antioxidant capacity and DPPH radical scavenging activity were higher in the Glycine culture than control culture. In 30 anaesthetized male mice divided into 6 groups, using either a burn or an excision, two identical paravertebral full-thickness skin lesions were created. Either oils of P. kessleri (extracted from control and glycine culture) ointments or the vehicle (placebo cream) were applied twice daily to the excisional wounds of mice, while mebo cream was used for burn wounds as well as P. kessleri oil. P. kessleri oils (control or glycine culture) showed a significant effect on the reduction of excisional wounds and burns. Histopathological analysis showed that angiogenesis, collagen fiber formation, and epidermis creation were some of the healing indicators that improved. The key elements for this healing property are omega -3 fatty acids, and both P. kessleri oils extracted from control and glycine culture have significant wound-healing effects. Oil of glycine culture of P. kessleri, however, displayed superior results in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa El-Sheekh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Bedaiwy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Heba Mansour
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Rania A El-Shenody
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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An HM, Choi YS, Bae SK, Lee YK. Effect of the Combination of Probiotics and Korean Red Ginseng on Diabetic Wound Healing Exposed to Diesel Exhaust Particles(DEPs). MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1155. [PMID: 37374359 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are a major component of air pollution and adversely affect respiratory and cardiovascular disease and diabetic foot ulcers if diabetic patients are exposed to them. There are currently no studies on treating diabetic wounds exposed to DEPs. So, the effect of a combination of probiotics and Korean red ginseng on a diabetic wound model exposed to DEPs was confirmed. Materials and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into three groups according to DEP inhalation concentration and whether they underwent applications of probiotics (PB) and Korean red ginseng (KRG). Wound tissue was collected from all rats, and wound healing was evaluated using molecular biology and histology methods. Results: The wound size of all groups decreased over time, but there was no significant difference. As a result of the molecular biology experiment, the expression of NF-κB p65 on day 7 was significantly higher in group 2 than in the normal control group. As a result of histological analysis, unlike the primary control group, it was confirmed that granule tissue was formed on the 14th day in the normal control group and group 2. Conclusions: The findings in this study suggest that combined treatment with PB and KRG can promote the healing of DEP-exposed diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Min An
- Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Suk Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si 14584, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kyoung Bae
- Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Koo Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si 14584, Republic of Korea
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In vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory studies, computational analysis and chemodiversity of an emergency food plant Caralluma edulis (Edgew.) Benth. ex Hook.f: A multifunctional approach to provide new ingredients for nutraceuticals and functional foods. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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By-Product of the Red Ginseng Manufacturing Process as Potential Material for Use as Cosmetics: Chemical Profiling and In Vitro Antioxidant and Whitening Activities. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238202. [PMID: 36500294 PMCID: PMC9736987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Red ginseng (RG), which is obtained from heated Panax ginseng and is produced by steaming followed by drying, is a valuable herb in Asian countries. Steamed ginseng dew (SGD) is a by-product produced in processing red ginseng. In the present study, phytochemical profiling of extracts of red ginseng and steamed ginseng dew was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-Q-TOF-MS) analysis. Additionally, antioxidant activities (DPPH, ·OH, and ABTS scavenging ability) and whitening activities (tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activity) were analyzed. Phytochemical profiling revealed the presence of 66 and 28 compounds that were non-saponin components in chloroform extracts of red ginseng and steamed ginseng dew (RG-CE and SGD-CE), respectively. Meanwhile, there were 20 ginsenosides identified in n-butanol extracts of red ginseng and steamed ginseng dew (RG-NBE and SGD-NBE). By comparing the different polar extracts of red ginseng and steamed ginseng dew, it was found that the ethyl acetate extract of red ginseng (RG-EAE) had the best antioxidant capacity and whitening effect, the water extract of steamed ginseng dew (SGD-WE) had stronger antioxidant capacity, and the SGD-NBE and SGD-CE had a better whitening effect. This study shows that RG and SGD have tremendous potential to be used in the cosmetic industries.
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Chen D, Li Q, Zhang H, Kou F, Li Q, Lyu C, Wei H. Traditional Chinese medicine for hypertrophic scars—A review of the therapeutic methods and potential effects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1025602. [PMID: 36299876 PMCID: PMC9589297 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1025602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a typical pathological response during skin injury, which can lead to pain, itching, and contracture in patients and even affect their physical and mental health. The complexity of the wound healing process leads to the formation of HS affected by many factors. Several treatments are available for HS, whereas some have more adverse reactions and can even cause new injuries with exacerbated scarring. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a rich source, and most botanical drugs have few side effects, providing new ideas and methods for treating HS. This paper reviews the formation process of HS, the therapeutic strategy for HS, the research progress of TCM with its relevant mechanisms in the treatment of HS, and the related new drug delivery system of TCM, aiming to provide ideas for further research of botanical compounds in the treatment of HS, to promote the discovery of more efficient botanical candidates for the clinical treatment of HS, to accelerate the development of the new drug delivery system and the final clinical application, and at the same time, to promote the research on the anti-HS mechanism of multiherbal preparations (Fufang), to continuously improve the quality control and safety and effectiveness of anti-HS botanical drugs in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqin Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiannan Li
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Kou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunming Lyu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chunming Lyu, ; Hai Wei,
| | - Hai Wei
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chunming Lyu, ; Hai Wei,
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Liu E, Gao H, Zhao Y, Pang Y, Yao Y, Yang Z, Zhang X, Wang Y, Yang S, Ma X, Zeng J, Guo J. The potential application of natural products in cutaneous wound healing: A review of preclinical evidence. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:900439. [PMID: 35935866 PMCID: PMC9354992 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.900439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Under normal circumstances, wound healing can be summarized as three processes. These include inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The vast majority of wounds heal rapidly; however, a large percentage of nonhealing wounds have still not been studied significantly. The factors affecting wound nonhealing are complex and diverse, and identifying an effective solution from nature becomes a key goal of research. This study aimed to highlight and review the mechanisms and targets of natural products (NPs) for treating nonhealing wounds. The results of relevant studies have shown that the effects of NPs are associated with PI3K-AKT, P38MAPK, fibroblast growth factor, MAPK, and ERK signaling pathways and involve tumor growth factor (TNF), vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF-α, interleukin-1β, and expression of other cytokines and proteins. The 25 NPs that contribute to wound healing were systematically summarized by an inductive collation of the six major classes of compounds, including saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, anthraquinones, polysaccharides, and others, which will further direct the attention to the active components of NPs and provide research ideas for further development of new products for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Liu
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongjin Gao
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - YiJia Zhao
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaobing Pang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yejing Yao
- Neijiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Neijiang, China
| | - Zhengru Yang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueer Zhang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - YanJin Wang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siming Yang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
| | - Jing Guo
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
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Kulyar MFEA, Ashfaq K, Aqib AI, Duan K, Asif M, Bhutta ZA, Shoaib M, Shabbir S, Nawaz S, Naseer MA, Sarwar I, Akhtar M, Chaudhry AS, Hussain R, Hussain HI, Wu Y, Li K. Enhanced Healing Activity of Manuka Honey and Nitrofurazone Composite in Full-Thickness Burn Wounds in the Rabbit Model. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:875629. [PMID: 35711790 PMCID: PMC9196035 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.875629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Burns cause many significant changes in metabolism and inflammatory reactions, leading to poor regeneration in animals and humans. A list of medicines to treat burns is available in the market. But due to the high cost of these medicines, these are unaffordable, especially for farmers of middle-class families of Africa and Asia. Therefore, a low-cost complementary treatment has always been a topic of many researchers, and there is a dire need of time for the welfare of animals to save them. The current study was planned to scrutinize the therapeutic effects of Manuka honey and Nitrofurazone ointments on full-thickness burn wounds in the rabbit model. The healing efficacy was performed through wound contraction rate, hematological analysis, the thickness of dermis and epidermis, and collagen content percentage. Histopathology was performed after taking biopsy samples at the end of the research. Based on statistical analysis using wound healing time (days, D), the combination (MO + NT) resulted in a shorter period (27 D ± 1) than the average healing time of controlled (36 ± 2), Manuka ointment (31.33 D ± 1.52), and Nitrofurazone ointment (32 ± 1). A significant decrease in the count of red blood cell (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) in all treatments was noticed mainly in MO + NT. Furthermore, burns induced a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the white blood cells (WBCs) count levels in the MO-treated group. While the level of platelets (PLTs) was not significantly different from the healthy control group. Histopathological assessment (epithelialization, fibrosis, and angiogenesis) of skin showed burn healing to be better in MO and MO + NT groups. In conclusion, the composite of Manuka honey with Nitrofurazone led to the faster recovery than other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khurram Ashfaq
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Islam Aqib
- Department of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Kun Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Department of Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Shoaib
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Samina Shabbir
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shah Nawaz
- Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir Naseer
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarwar
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Yi Wu
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Kun Li
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Shandilya UK, Lamers K, Zheng Y, Moran N, Karrow NA. Ginsenoside Rb1 selectively improved keratinocyte functions in vitro without affecting tissue regeneration in zebrafish larvae tail regrowth. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:269-277. [PMID: 35501555 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh K Shandilya
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Kristen Lamers
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Yashi Zheng
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Nicole Moran
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Niel A Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Karimi SA, Abdolmaleki A, Sadeghi A, Naseri S, Ayni M, Gholami MR. Drug Delivery System Through Alginate Dermal Scaffold Loaded with Hydroalcoholic Extract of Daphne Mucronata Improves Dermal Excisional Wound Healing: An Experimental Research. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-022-00252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ramalingam S, Chandrasekar MJN, Nanjan MJ. Plant-based Natural Products for Wound Healing: A Critical Review. Curr Drug Res Rev 2022; 14:37-60. [PMID: 35549848 DOI: 10.2174/2589977513666211005095613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is an intricate process consisting of four overlapping phases, namely hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. Effective treatment of wounds depends upon the interaction of appropriate cell types, cell surface receptors, and the extracellular matrix with the therapeutic agents. Several approaches currently used for treating wounds, such as advanced wound dressing, growth factor therapy, stem cell therapy, and gene therapy, are not very effective and lead to impaired healing. Further, repeated use of antibiotics to treat open wounds leads to multi- drug resistance. Today there is considerable interest in plant-based drugs as they are believed to be safe, inexpensive, and more suitable for chronic wounds. For example, a large number of plant- based extracts and their bioactive compounds have been investigated for wound healing. In recent years the structural and mechanistic diversity of natural products have become central players in the search for newer therapeutic agents. In the present review, a thorough critical survey of the traditionally used plant-based drugs used worldwide for wound healing with special reference to the natural products/bioactive compounds isolated and screened is presented. It is hoped that this review will attract the attention of the research community involved in newer drug design and development for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Ramalingam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris-643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moola Joghee Nanjan Chandrasekar
- School of Life Science, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (Ooty Campus), Longwood, Mysuru Road, Ooty, The Nilgiris-643001, Nilgiris-643001, Tamilnadu, India
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Hou JH, Shin H, Shin H, Kil Y, Yang DH, Park MK, Lee W, Seong JY, Lee SH, Cho HS, Yuk SH, Lee KY. Influence of Panax ginseng formulation on skin microbiota: A randomized, split face comparative clinical study. J Ginseng Res 2021; 46:296-303. [PMID: 35509819 PMCID: PMC9058842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Upadhyay G, Tiwari N, Maurya H, Upadhyay J, Joshi R, Ansari MN. In vivo wound-healing and antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of Roylea elegans leaves against physically induced burn model in Wistar albino rats. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:442. [PMID: 34631343 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Roylea elegans Wall. ex Benth. is a lemon-scented hoary shrub belonging to the mint family (Lamiaceae). Traditionally, a local tribe of the Himalayan region uses leaves for scabs and skin infections. The aerial parts and leaves are widely used to cure various skin ailments. The plant is well known for two furanoid diterpenes, royeleganin and royelegafuran. The aqueous extract of Roylea elegans (AERE) leaves was investigated for wound-healing effects in rats using a physically induced burn model by assessing different parameters. Animals were divided into four groups (six rats in each group). Group I animals were considered as disease control and topically given base cream. Group II was considered as standard control and treated topically with Framycetin sulphate cream (1% w/w). Group III and IV animals were treated topically with creams containing 5 or 10% of AERE, respectively. Several parameters such as wound contraction rate, epithelialization period, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant markers along with pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were studied followed by histopathological studies. The animals treated with AERE cream exhibited significant declination in the wound area and increased collagen content as compared to the disease control group. The results showed that the lower dose (5%) of AERE produced a significant decrease in the epithelialization period, wound contraction rate, and collagen content. Increased levels of cytokine production may be one of the mechanisms in accelerating the wound-healing process. The study established the traditional claim as an antioxidant and wound-healing potential of Roylea elegans by promoting the accelerated wound-healing activity against the physically induced burn model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Upadhyay
- MIT College of Pharmacy, MIT Group of Institutions, Ram Ganga Vihar, Phase- II, MDA, Moradabad, 244001 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Nidhi Tiwari
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Delhi, 110054 India
| | - Harikesh Maurya
- M.G.B. Rajat College of Pharmacy and Management, Baskhari, Gohila, Ambedkar Nagar, India
| | - Jyoti Upadhyay
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Energy Acre Campus, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun, 248007 Uttarakhand India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palmpur, 176061 India
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Alkharj, 11942 Saudi Arabia
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Annie-Mathew AS, Prem-Santhosh S, Jayasuriya R, Ganesh G, Ramkumar KM, Sarada DVL. The pivotal role of Nrf2 activators in adipocyte biology. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105853. [PMID: 34455076 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is instrumental in maintaining metabolic homeostasis by regulating energy storage in the form of triglycerides. In the case of over-nutrition, adipocytes favorably regulate lipogenesis over lipolysis and accumulate excess triglycerides, resulting in increased adipose tissue mass. An abnormal increase in hypertrophic adipocytes is associated with chronic complications such as insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Experimental studies indicate the occurrence of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of obesity. A common underlying link between increasing adipose tissue mass and oxidative stress is the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling, which plays an indispensable role in metabolic homeostasis by regulating oxidative and inflammatory responses. Additionally, Nrf2 also activates CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, (C/EBP-α), C/EBP-β and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) the crucial pro-adipogenic factors that promote de novo adipogenesis. Hence, at the forefront of research is the quest for prospecting novel compounds to modulate Nrf2 activity in the context of adipogenesis and obesity. This review summarizes the molecular mechanism behind the activation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling network and the role of Nrf2 activators in adipocyte pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Annie-Mathew
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Prem-Santhosh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Jayasuriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India; SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Goutham Ganesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India; SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India; SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - D V L Sarada
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Wound Healing Activities of Hydromethanolic Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Bersama abyssinica Leaves in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9991146. [PMID: 34335856 PMCID: PMC8298168 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9991146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Bersama abyssinica leaves are traditionally used for management of wounds in several communities of Ethiopia, despite no scientifically approved studies done on wound healing. Our study planned to work out the wound healing effects of B. abyssinica leaves extract in mice. Methods B. abyssinica leaves were extracted with 80% hydromethanol and fractioned with chloroform, hexane, and water. The acute dermal toxicity of the crude extract was evaluated in mice. The crude extract formulated at 5% and 10% w/w ointment was investigated in excision, incision, and burn wound models and solvent fractions in the excision model using simple ointment (negative control) and nitrofurazone 0.2% w/v (positive control). We evaluated histopathological analysis, wound contraction rate, complete epithelialization period, and skin durability. One-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Tukey HSD test with IBM SPSS software version 23.0 was used for data analysis, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Hydromethanolic crude extract produced 5% (99.5%) and 10% (100%) wound contraction on the 16th day of the treatment and 5% (18.8) and 10% (28.2) percent reduction in the epithelization period on the excision wound healing model. Hydromethanolic crude extract produced 5% (47.5) and 10% (61.17) percent durability on the incision wound healing model. Hydromethanolic crude extract produced 5% (99.82%) and 10% (100%) wound contraction on the 20th day of treatment and 5% (13%) and 10% (21.7%) reduction in the epithelization period on the burn wound healing model. The chloroform fraction produced 5% (90.17%) and 10% (91.01%), hexane fraction produced 5% (85.81%) and 10% (86.78%), and aqueous fraction produced 5% (99.17%) and 10% (99.38%) wound contraction on the 14th day of the treatment and 5% (18.8) and 10% (28.2) percent reduction in the epithelization period on the excision wound healing model. Both hydromethanolic crude extract and solvent fractions at 5% and 10% (w/w) were significant (p < 0.001) compared with negative control. Conclusion The results of this study showed that both 5% w/w and 10% w/w of 80% hydromethanolic crude extract and solvent fractions of B. abyssinica leaves have wound healing effects.
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Zaynab M, Sharif Y, Abbas S, Afzal MZ, Qasim M, Khalofah A, Ansari MJ, Khan KA, Tao L, Li S. Saponin toxicity as key player in plant defense against pathogens. Toxicon 2021; 193:21-27. [PMID: 33508310 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microbial pathogens attack every plant tissue, including leaves, roots, shoots, and flowers during all growth stages. Thus, they cause several diseases resulting in a plant's failure or loss of the whole crop in severe cases. To combat the pathogens attack, plants produce some biologically active toxic compounds known as saponins. The saponins are secondary metabolic compounds produced in healthy plants with potential anti-pathogenic activity and serve as potential chemical barriers against pathogens. Saponins are classified into two major groups the steroidal and terpenoid saponins. Here, we reported the significance of saponin toxins in the war against insect pests, fungal, and bacterial pathogens. Saponins are present in both cultivated (chilies, spinach, soybean, quinoa, onion, oat, tea, etc.) and wild plant species. As they are natural toxic constituents of plant defense, breeders and plant researchers aiming to boost plant imm unity should focus on transferring these compounds in cash crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Zaynab
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China; Shenzhen Environmental Monitoring Center, Shenzhen, 518049, Guangdong, China
| | - Yasir Sharif
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Safdar Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zohaib Afzal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects,Institute of Insect Science,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ahlam Khalofah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (MJP Rohilkhand University Bareilly), 244001, India
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Li Tao
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuangfei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518071, China.
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16
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Pan D, Gong X, Wang X, Li M. Role of Active Components of Medicinal Food in the Regulation of Angiogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:594050. [PMID: 33716724 PMCID: PMC7944143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.594050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels from the endothelial cells of existing arteries, veins, and capillaries. Angiogenesis is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as the formation of malignant and development of atherosclerosis and other diseases. In recent years, many studies have shown that the active components of food have a certain regulatory effect on angiogenesis and negligible clinical limitations. With the increasing attention being paid to medicine and food homology, exploring the effect of active food components on angiogenesis is of great significance. In this review, we discuss the source, composition, pharmacological activity, and mechanism of action of certain active components of medicinal foods in detail. These could help prevent angiogenesis-related complications or provide a basis for healthier dietary habits. This review can provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of highly efficient anti-angiogenic drugs with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Minhui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
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17
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Ghiulai R, Roşca OJ, Antal DS, Mioc M, Mioc A, Racoviceanu R, Macaşoi I, Olariu T, Dehelean C, Creţu OM, Voicu M, Şoica C. Tetracyclic and Pentacyclic Triterpenes with High Therapeutic Efficiency in Wound Healing Approaches. Molecules 2020; 25:E5557. [PMID: 33256207 PMCID: PMC7730621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounds are among the most common skin conditions, displaying a large etiological diversity and being characterized by different degrees of severity. Wound healing is a complex process that involves multiple steps such as inflammation, proliferation and maturation and ends with scar formation. Since ancient times, a widely used option for treating skin wounds are plant- based treatments which currently have become the subject of modern pharmaceutical formulations. Triterpenes with tetracyclic and pentacyclic structure are extensively studied for their implication in wound healing as well as to determine their molecular mechanisms of action. The current review aims to summarize the main results of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies conducted on lupane, ursane, oleanane, dammarane, lanostane and cycloartane type triterpenes as potential wound healing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Ghiulai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
| | - Oana Janina Roşca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
| | - Diana Simona Antal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
| | - Ioana Macaşoi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (I.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Tudor Olariu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (I.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Octavian Marius Creţu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Mirela Voicu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Codruţa Şoica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
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18
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Calabrese EJ. Hormesis and Ginseng: Ginseng Mixtures and Individual Constituents Commonly Display Hormesis Dose Responses, Especially for Neuroprotective Effects. Molecules 2020; 25:E2719. [PMID: 32545419 PMCID: PMC7321326 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper demonstrates that ginseng mixtures and individual ginseng chemical constituents commonly induce hormetic dose responses in numerous biological models for endpoints of biomedical and clinical relevance, typically providing a mechanistic framework. The principal focus of ginseng hormesis-related research has been directed toward enhancing neuroprotection against conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases, stroke damage, as well as enhancing spinal cord and peripheral neuronal damage repair and reducing pain. Ginseng was also shown to reduce symptoms of diabetes, prevent cardiovascular system damage, protect the kidney from toxicities due to immune suppressant drugs, and prevent corneal damage, amongst other examples. These findings complement similar hormetic-based chemoprotective reports for other widely used dietary-type supplements such as curcumin, ginkgo biloba, and green tea. These findings, which provide further support for the generality of the hormetic dose response in the biomedical literature, have potentially important public health and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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19
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Al-Taie A, Al-Shohani AD, Albasry Z, Altaee A. Current topical trends and novel therapeutic approaches and delivery systems for oral mucositis management. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2020; 12:94-101. [PMID: 32742107 PMCID: PMC7373116 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_198_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is an extremely serious and challenging complication of chemoradiotherapy, which may limit the efficacy of cancer treatment. Complications related to OM include potential nutrition impairment, high economic burden, and negative impacts on patients' quality of life. Current therapeutic options with local traditional pharmaceutical formulations are largely focused on controlling symptoms, and only few agents are available for treatment. Several local supportive and palliative agents are used for the prevention of OM; however, a standard treatment for the disease has not been confirmed yet. The efficacy of treatment could be improved through the introduction of new medical agents with updated dosage forms that can enhance and optimize local drug delivery and create greater therapeutic effects with fewer side effects. The focus of this review was to provide clear and direct information about the currently available topical therapeutic agents in clinical practice used to cure and/or reduce the incidence of ulcerative symptoms of OM, excluding the associated pain and other coexisting complications such as bacterial and fungal infections. The review also provides recent evidences regarding agents that could be used as promising novel therapies in updated local delivering systems. This will support further encouraging options and approaches for the management of OM and will improve compliance that could be translated in better disease control and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmar Al-Taie
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Girne American University, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Athmar D Al-Shohani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Zahraa Albasry
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ataa Altaee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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20
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Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2684108. [PMID: 31662773 PMCID: PMC6778887 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2684108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. It is generally accepted that cutaneous wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (reepithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating “granulation tissue” rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including nonhealing, or chronic ulceration. Indigenous and traditional medicines make extensive use of natural products and derivatives of natural products and provide more than half of all medicines consumed today throughout the world. Recognising the important role traditional medicine continues to play, we have undertaken an extensive survey of literature reporting the use of medical plants and plant-based products for cutaneous wounds. We describe the active ingredients, bioactivities, clinical uses, formulations, methods of preparation, and clinical value of 36 medical plant species. Several species stand out, including Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, and Paeonia suffruticosa, which are popular wound healing products used by several cultures and ethnic groups. The popularity and evidence of continued use clearly indicates that there are still lessons to be learned from traditional practices. Hidden in the myriad of natural products and derivatives from natural products are undescribed reagents, unexplored combinations, and adjunct compounds that could have a place in the contemporary therapeutic inventory.
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21
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Markov AV, Kel AE, Salomatina OV, Salakhutdinov NF, Zenkova MA, Logashenko EB. Deep insights into the response of human cervical carcinoma cells to a new cyano enone-bearing triterpenoid soloxolone methyl: a transcriptome analysis. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5267-5297. [PMID: 31523389 PMCID: PMC6731101 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Semisynthetic triterpenoids, bearing cyano enone functionality in ring A, are considered now as novel promising anti-tumor agents. However, despite the large-scale studies, their effects on cervical carcinoma cells and, moreover, mechanisms underlying cell death activation by such compounds in this cell type have not been fully elucidated. In this work, we attempted to reconstitute the key pathways and master regulators involved in the response of human cervical carcinoma KB-3-1 cells to the novel glycyrrhetinic acid derivative soloxolone methyl (SM) by a transcriptomic approach. Functional annotation of differentially expressed genes, analysis of their cis- regulatory sequences and protein-protein interaction network clearly indicated that stress of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the central event triggered by SM in the cells. A range of key ER stress sensors and transcription factor AP-1 were identified as upstream transcriptional regulators, controlling the response of the cells to SM. Additionally, by using Gene Expression Omnibus data, we showed the ability of SM to modulate the expression of key genes involved in regulation of the high proliferative rate of cervical carcinoma cells. Further Connectivity Map analysis revealed similarity of SM's effects with known ER stress inducers thapsigargin and geldanamycin, targeting SERCA and Grp94, respectively. According to the molecular docking study, SM could snugly fit into the active sites of these proteins in the positions very close to that of both inhibitors. Taken together, our findings provide a basis for the better understanding of the intracellular processes in tumor cells switched on in response to cyano enone-bearing triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Markov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander E Kel
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.,geneXplain GmbH, Wolfenbüttel 38302, Germany
| | - Oksana V Salomatina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.,N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Marina A Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya B Logashenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
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22
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Toyokawa Y, Takagi T, Uchiyama K, Mizushima K, Inoue K, Ushiroda C, Kashiwagi S, Nakano T, Hotta Y, Tanaka M, Dohi O, Okayama T, Yoshida N, Katada K, Kamada K, Ishikawa T, Handa O, Konishi H, Naito Y, Itoh Y. Ginsenoside Rb1 promotes intestinal epithelial wound healing through extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Rho signaling. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:1193-1200. [PMID: 30394577 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Daikenchuto, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects against intestinal inflammation. However, whether daikenchuto has a therapeutic effect against intestinal mucosal injuries remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of daikenchuto on intestinal mucosal healing. METHODS Colitis was induced in male Wistar rats by using trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. Daikenchuto (900 mg/kg/day) was administered for 7 days after the induction of colitis. Thereafter, intestinal mucosal injuries were evaluated by determining the colonic epithelial regeneration ratio ([area of epithelial regeneration/area of ulcer] × 100). Restoration of rat intestinal epithelial cells treated with daikenchuto and its constituent herbs (Zanthoxylum fruit, processed ginger, and ginseng) and ginsenoside Rb1, which is a ginseng ingredient, was evaluated using a wound-healing assay. RESULTS The colon epithelial regeneration ratio in the daikenchuto-treated rats was significantly higher than that in the control rats. Daikenchuto, ginseng, and ginsenoside Rb1 enhanced wound healing, and the ginsenoside Rb1-induced enhancement was inhibited by extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Rho inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Daikenchuto and its constituent, ginsenoside Rb1, promoted wound healing. Because mucosal healing is one of the most important therapeutic targets in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, ginsenoside Rb1 may be a novel therapeutic agent against intestinal mucosal damage such as that occurring in intestinal bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Toyokawa
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Takagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department for Medical Innovation and Translational Medical Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Uchiyama
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Inoue
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ushiroda
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saori Kashiwagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakano
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuma Hotta
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Dohi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okayama
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naohisa Yoshida
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Katada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kamada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishikawa
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Handa
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Konishi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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23
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Namgoong S, Lee H, Han S, Lee H, Jeong S, Dhong E. Effect of Panax ginseng extract on the activity of diabetic fibroblasts in vitro. Int Wound J 2019; 16:737-745. [PMID: 30734491 PMCID: PMC7948945 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the various medicinal properties of Panax ginseng, including angiogenic, immuno-stimulating, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, which can be helpful in chronic wound healing. However, a direct role for P. ginseng in chronic wound healing has not been demonstrated. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of P. ginseng extract on diabetic fibroblasts in vitro. Human diabetic fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), the active component in P. ginseng (10 ng/mL), and untreated diabetic fibroblasts were used as controls. Cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, the production of various growth factors (basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF]; vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]; and transforming growth factor-β1 [TGF-β1]), and the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) were compared using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence staining. Compared with the control group, G-Rb1-treated fibroblasts showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, VEGF, TGF-β1, and TIMP-1. However, no significant differences in bFGF and MMP-1 levels were observed between the two groups. These results suggest that P. ginseng treatment may stimulate the wound-healing activity of diabetic fibroblasts in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sik Namgoong
- Department of Plastic SurgeryKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hyunsu Lee
- Department of Plastic SurgeryKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Seung‐Kyu Han
- Department of Plastic SurgeryKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hyup‐Woo Lee
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKangwon National University College of MedicineChuncheonKorea
| | - Seong‐Ho Jeong
- Department of Plastic SurgeryKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Eun‐Sang Dhong
- Department of Plastic SurgeryKorea University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
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Park S, Ko E, Lee JH, Song Y, Cui CH, Hou J, Jeon BM, Kim HS, Kim SC. Gypenoside LXXV Promotes Cutaneous Wound Healing In Vivo by Enhancing Connective Tissue Growth Factor Levels Via the Glucocorticoid Receptor Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081595. [PMID: 31018484 PMCID: PMC6515290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is a well-orchestrated event in which many types of cells and growth factors are involved in restoring the barrier function of skin. In order to identify whether ginsenosides, the main active components of Panax ginseng, promote wound healing, the proliferation and migration activities of 15 different ginsenosides were tested by MTT assay and scratched wound closure assay. Among ginsenosides, gypenoside LXXV (G75) showed the most potent wound healing effects. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of G75 on wound healing in vivo and characterize associated molecular changes. G75 significantly increased proliferation and migration of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and promoted wound closure in an excision wound mouse model compared with madecassoside (MA), which has been used to treat wounds. Additionally, RNA sequencing data revealed G75-mediated significant upregulation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which is known to be produced via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) pathway. Consistently, the increase in production of CTGF was confirmed by western blot and ELISA. In addition, GR-competitive binding assay and GR translocation assay results demonstrated that G75 can be bound to GR and translocated into the nucleus. These results demonstrated that G75 is a newly identified effective component in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjoo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Eunsu Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Jun Hyoung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Yoseb Song
- Department of Biological Sciences and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Chang-Hao Cui
- Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Jingang Hou
- Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Byeong Min Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Hun Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Sun Chang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
- Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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The Wound Healing Potential of Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams (Asteraceae). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:7957860. [PMID: 30800171 PMCID: PMC6360599 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7957860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Wounds remain one of the major causes of death worldwide. Over the years medicinal plants and natural compounds have played an integral role in wound treatment. Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams which is classified among substances with low toxicity has been used for generations in African traditional medicine to treat wounds, including stopping bleeding even from severed arteries. This review examined the potential of the extracts and phytochemicals from A. africana, a common herbaceous flowering plant which is native to Africa in wound healing. In vitro and in vivo studies have provided strong pharmacological evidences for wound healing effects of A. africana-derived extracts and phytochemicals. Singly or in synergy, the different bioactive phytochemicals including alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, α-pinene, carene, phytol, and linolenic acid in A. africana have been observed to exhibit a very strong anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities which are important processes in wound healing. Indeed, A. africana wound healing ability is furthermore due to the fact that it can effectively reduce wound bleeding, hasten wound contraction, increase the concentration of basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) and platelet derived growth factor, and stimulate the haematological parameters, including white and red blood cells, all of which are vital components for the wound healing process. Therefore, these facts may justify why A. africana is used to treat wounds in ethnomedicine.
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Najafian Y, Khorasani ZM, Najafi MN, Hamedi SS, Mahjour M, Feyzabadi Z. Efficacy of Aloe vera/ Plantago Major Gel in Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2019; 16:223-231. [PMID: 29336265 DOI: 10.2174/1570163815666180115093007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most common complications of diabetic patients. Mostly, non-healing DFU leads to infection, gangrene, amputation and even death. High costs and poor healing of the wounds need a new treatment such as alternative medicine. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Aloe vera/ Plantago major gel (Plantavera gel) in healing of DFU. METHODS Forty patients with DFU enrolled in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The patients who were randomly assigned into the intervention group (n = 20), received topical Plantavera gel in addition to the routine cares, whereas the patients in the control group (n = 20), received topical Placebo gel in addition to the routine cares. Intervention was done twice a day for 4 weeks in the both groups. Photography and an evaluation of DFU healing were conducted by a checklist and then were scored at baseline and at the end of each week. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS software. RESULTS At the end of the study, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of total ulcer score (P<0.001) and Plantavera gel significantly reduced the ulcer surface comparing with the control group (P=0.039). However, there was not a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.263) in terms of the ulcer depth. During this study, no side effect was observed for Plantavera gel in the intervention group. CONCLUSION Topical Plantavera gel seems to be an effective, cheap and safe treatment. Of course, further studies are required to confirm the properties of the wound healing of this gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Najafian
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra M Khorasani
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona N Najafi
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shokouh S Hamedi
- Department of Persian Pharmacy, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marjan Mahjour
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zohre Feyzabadi
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Brassolatti P, Bossini PS, Kido HW, Derencio Oliveira MC, Almeida-Lopes L, Zanardi LM, Napolitano MA, Retto da Silva de Avó L, Araújo-Moreira FM, Parizotto NA. Photobiomodulation and bacterial cellulose membrane in the treatment of third-degree burns in rats. J Tissue Viability 2018; 27:249-256. [PMID: 30318397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Burns are injuries caused mainly by thermal trauma, which can progress to unsatisfactory results healing. This study aimed to evaluate the biomaterial (bacterial cellulose membrane) and photobiomodulation, exclusively and associated, in the treatment of third degree burns in rats. Forty male Wistar rats (±280 g) were randomly divided into four groups, with 10 animals each: control group (CG); bacterial cellulose membrane group (MG); laser group (LG) and bacterial cellulose membrane and laser group (MG + L). The burn was caused with a 1 cm2 aluminum plate heated to 150 °C and pressed on the animal's back for 10 s. The treatments were started immediately after induction of injury. For to laser irradiation (660 nm, 100 mW, 25 J/cm2 and energy of 1 J) on five distinct application points were used, on alternate days, a total of five sessions. After ten days of treatment the animals were euthanized for collected samples. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (P < 0.05) were used. Histological analysis revealed differences regarding the healing process phase in each experimental group. MG showed the proliferative phase. The LG demonstrated greater amount of blood vessels and immune expression of VEGF. However, when the treatments were combined, the number of vessels and the immune expression of VEGF factor was lower than LG. Thus, it was concluded that both treatments proposed (biomaterial and LLLT) are good alternatives for third degree burns when applied isolated because they stimulate the healing process by acting on the modulation of the inflammatory phase and promote stimulation of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Brassolatti
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Post-Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Research and Education Center for Photo Therapy in Health Science (NUPEN), DMC Equipment Import and Export-Co. Ltda, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Sérgio Bossini
- Research and Education Center for Photo Therapy in Health Science (NUPEN), DMC Equipment Import and Export-Co. Ltda, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Hueliton Wilian Kido
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Almeida-Lopes
- Research and Education Center for Photo Therapy in Health Science (NUPEN), DMC Equipment Import and Export-Co. Ltda, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lisinéia Maria Zanardi
- Research and Education Center for Photo Therapy in Health Science (NUPEN), DMC Equipment Import and Export-Co. Ltda, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Aurélio Napolitano
- Research and Education Center for Photo Therapy in Health Science (NUPEN), DMC Equipment Import and Export-Co. Ltda, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando M Araújo-Moreira
- Department of Physics, Post-Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Kim EH, Kim W. An Insight into Ginsenoside Metabolite Compound K as a Potential Tool for Skin Disorder. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:8075870. [PMID: 30046346 PMCID: PMC6036801 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8075870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenosides are the major bioactive natural compounds derived from Panax ginseng. Several studies report the pharmaceutical benefits of several ginsenosides, including antidementia, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activity. Biotransformations by gut microbiome contribute to the biological function of these ginsenosides. After ingestion ginsenosides are hydrolyzed to Rg2, Rg3, compound K, and others by human gut flora. Compound K is considered the representative active metabolite after oral administration of ginseng or ginsenosides. Various studies report the diverse biological functions of compound K, such as antitumor, antidiabetic, antiallergic, and anti-inflammatory activity. Recent clinical trial and in vitro studies demonstrate the antiaging activities of ginsenosides in human skin. Ginsenosides have been considered as an important natural dermatological agent. In this review, we will cover the modern tools and techniques to understand biotransformation and delivery of compound K. Also the biological function of compound K on skin disorder and its potential dermatological application will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Hyung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonnam Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon, Republic of Korea
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Meskini M, Esmaeili D. The study of formulated Zoush ointment against wound infection and gene expression of virulence factors Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:185. [PMID: 29903005 PMCID: PMC6003004 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of MDR and XDR strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and increased resistance to infection in burn patients recommend the issue of infection control. In this research, we study ZOUSH herbal ointment for gene silencing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS The herbal ZOUSH ointment was formulated by alcoholic extracts of plants Satureja khuzestaniea, Zataria multiflora, Mentha Mozaffariani Jamzad, honey, and polyurethane. The MIC and disk diffusion tests were examined by single, binary, tertiary and five compounds. Three-week-old mice were considered to be second-degree infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. During the interval of 5 days, cultures were done from the liver, blood, and wound by four consecutive quarters and counting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was reported in the liver. In this study, silver sulfadiazine ointments and Akbar were used as a positive control. The gene gyrA reference was used as the control. Real-time RT-PCR results were evaluated based on Livak as the comparative Ct method. RESULTS The In vitro results indicated that wound infection was improved by healing wound size in the treatment groups compared to control treatment group. In this research, the changes in gene expression were evaluated by molecular technique Real-time RT-PCR. The results showed downregulation exoS, lasA, and lasB after treatment with ZOUSH ointment. SPSS Analyses showed that reduction of expressions in genes exoS, lasA and lasB after treatment with ZOUSH ointment were significantly meaningful (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study showed that ZOUSH ointment has the positive effect for gene silencing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the mouse model with the second-degree burn. The positive effects decreased in the number of bacteria by reducing the expression of virulence bacteria genes as exoS, lasA and lasB and improvement of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Meskini
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute and Department Of Microbiology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Esmaeili
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute and Department Of Microbiology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kim HJ, Kim JY, Lee BH, Choi SH, Rhim H, Kim HC, Ahn SY, Jeong SW, Jang M, Cho IH, Nah SY. Gintonin, an exogenous ginseng-derived LPA receptor ligand, promotes corneal wound healing. J Vet Sci 2018; 18:387-397. [PMID: 27586470 PMCID: PMC5639092 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginseng gintonin is an exogenous ligand of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors. Accumulating evidence shows LPA helps in rapid recovery of corneal damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of gintonin in a rabbit model of corneal damage. We investigated the signal transduction pathway of gintonin in human corneal epithelium (HCE) cells to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. We next evaluated the therapeutic effects of gintonin, using a rabbit model of corneal damage, by undertaking histochemical analysis. Treatment of gintonin to HCE cells induced transient increases of [Ca2+]i in concentration-dependent and reversible manners. Gintonin-mediated mobilization of [Ca2+]i was attenuated by LPA1/3 receptor antagonist Ki16425, phospholipase C inhibitor U73122, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor antagonist 2-APB, and intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM. Gintonin facilitated in vitro wound healing in a concentration-dependent manner. When applied as an eye-drop to rabbits with corneal damage, gintonin rapidly promoted recovery. Histochemical analysis showed gintonin decreased corneal apoptosis and increased corneal cell proliferation. We demonstrated that LPA receptor activation by gintonin is linked to in vitro and in vivo therapeutic effects against corneal damage. Gintonin can be applied as a clinical agent for the rapid healing of corneal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Joong Kim
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Joon Young Kim
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Byung-Hwan Lee
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sun-Hye Choi
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hyewon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and toxicology program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seoung-Yob Ahn
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Soon-Wuk Jeong
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Minhee Jang
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Ik-Hyun Cho
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Salim MN, Masyitha D, Harris A, Balqis U, Iskandar CD, Hambal M, Darmawi. Anti-inflammatory activity of Jatropha curcas Linn. latex in cream formulation on CD68 expression in mice skin wound. Vet World 2018; 11:99-103. [PMID: 29657387 PMCID: PMC5891885 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.99-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of the present study was to determine the potential of Jatropha curcas latex in the cream formulation on CD68 immune expression (macrophages) during inflammatory phase wound healing process in mice skin. Materials and Methods: Amount of 12 two-months-old male mice were used between 30 and 40 g. To surgical procedures, wound skin incision was performed 2.0 cm in length until subcutaneous on the paravertebral of each animal. The treatment was carried under locally anesthetized with procaine cream. The mice were allotted into four groups of each, entire surface of each group wound covered by base cream control, sulfadiazine 0.1% cream, J. curcas latex cream 10% and, 15%, respectively. All experiments were performed twice a day for 3 days. The wound healing was assayed in stained histological sections in immunohistochemical of the wounds. CD68 expression was investigated under a microscope. Results: The results showed that the cream from the 10% and 15% latex of J. curcas revealed moderate immune reaction to CD68 on wound healing. Conclusion: We concluded that the latex cream of J. curcas possesses anti-inflammatory activity in wound healing process of mice skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nur Salim
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Dian Masyitha
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Harris
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Ummu Balqis
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Cut Dahlia Iskandar
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Hambal
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Darmawi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.,Laboratory of Research, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
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Andrade ALMD, Parisi JR, Brassolatti P, Parizotto NA. Alternative animal model for studies of total skin thickness burns. Acta Cir Bras 2018; 32:836-842. [PMID: 29160370 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020170100000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To present an alternative experimental model of third degree burn of easy reproducibility. METHODS Eighteen male Wister rats were randomly divided into three groups, 6 of which were allocated to each group. A soldering iron coupled to an aluminum plate was used to produce burn, at a temperature of 150ºC, with different exposure times per group. Group 5 (G5) animals were burned at 150°C with exposure time of 5 seconds; Group 10 (G10) the animals were burned at 150°C with exposure time of 10 seconds and group 15 (G15) the animals were burned at 150°C with exposure time of 15 seconds. RESULTS Histopathological analyzes showed that all three groups had similar morphological characteristics, with total thickness involvement. CONCLUSION The technique is effective to reproduce a third degree burn and suggests the temperature of 150ºC with 5 seconds of exposure in order to minimize the risks to the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Martins de Andrade
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapeutic Resources Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, statistical analysis, manuscript writing
| | - Julia Risso Parisi
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Brazil. Intellectual and scientific content of the study
| | - Patrícia Brassolatti
- PhD in Biotechnology, UFSCar, Sao Carlos-SP, Brazil. Intellectual and scientific content of the study
| | - Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto
- Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapeutic Resources Laboratory, UFSCar, Sao Carlos-SP, Brazil. Intellectual and scientific content of the study, technical procedures
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Choi JH, Shin KC, Oh DK. An L213A variant of β-glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus with increased α-L-arabinofuranosidase activity converts ginsenoside Rc to compound K. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191018. [PMID: 29324789 PMCID: PMC5764348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Compound K (C-K) is a crucial pharmaceutical and cosmetic component because of disease prevention and skin anti-aging effects. For industrial application of this active compound, the protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides should be transformed to C-K. β-Glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus has been reported as an efficient C-K-producing enzyme, using glycosylated PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates. β-Glycosidase from S. solfataricus can hydrolyze β-d-glucopyranoside in ginsenosides Rc, C-Mc1, and C-Mc, but not α-l-arabinofuranoside in these ginsenosides. To determine candidate residues involved in α-l-arabinofuranosidase activity, compound Mc (C-Mc) was docking to β-glycosidase from S. solfataricus in homology model and sequence was aligned with β-glycosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus that has α-l-arabinofuranosidase activity. A L213A variant β-glycosidase with increased α-l-arabinofuranosidase activity was selected by substitution of other amino acids for candidate residues. The increased α-l-arabinofuranosidase activity of the L213A variant was confirmed through the determination of substrate specificity, change in binding energy, transformation pathway, and C-K production from ginsenosides Rc and C-Mc. The L213A variant β-glycosidase catalyzed the conversion of Rc to Rd by hydrolyzing α-l-arabinofuranoside linked to Rc, whereas the wild-type β-glycosidase did not. The variant enzyme converted ginsenosides Rc and C-Mc into C-K with molar conversions of 97%, which were 1.5- and 2-fold higher, respectively, than those of the wild-type enzyme. Therefore, protein engineering is a useful tool for enhancing the hydrolytic activity on specific glycoside linked to ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyeon Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Shin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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The effect of Korean Red Ginseng on full-thickness skin wound healing in rats. J Ginseng Res 2018; 43:226-235. [PMID: 30976160 PMCID: PMC6438823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Panax ginseng is regarded as one of the best compounds for promoting health, and it has been used traditionally as a medicinal herb. Recently, Korean Red Ginseng (RG) has been shown to protect skin from aging and wrinkling; it can also relieve atopic dermatitis and allergy symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate RG's effects on the regeneration of the full-thickness skin wounds in rat. Methods Full-thickness skin wounds were generated in rats, and then RG was administered either orally or topically. The wound-healing effects of RG were investigated by assessing wound size, mRNA expression patterns of genes related to wound healing, histological staining, and measurements of lipid, moisture, and elasticity in skin tissues. Results The wound size was smaller, and tissue regeneration rate was faster in the RG-treated group than that in the control group on days 15 and 20 after initiating treatment. On postoperative day 20, skin lipid and moisture content had increased significantly in the RG-treated group. Significant increases in the gene expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor were found in the RG group during the early stages of wound healing. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 showed significant increases in gene expression levels on day 20. Conclusion The results suggested that RG may promote healing of full-thickness skin wounds in rats. They also provided basic insights into the effects of RG on skin regeneration, supporting its use as a dressing material for wound treatment and its development as a functional food.
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Hong YH, Lee HS, Jung EY, Han SH, Park Y, Suh HJ. Photoprotective effects of topical ginseng leaf extract using Ultraflo L against UVB-induced skin damage in hairless mice. J Ginseng Res 2017; 41:456-462. [PMID: 29021691 PMCID: PMC5628359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) plays an important role in UV-induced wrinkle formation, which is a major dermatological problem. This formation occurs due to the degeneration of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we investigated the cutaneous photoprotective effects of Ultraflo L treated ginseng leaf (UTGL) in hairless mice. METHODS SKH-1 hairless mice (6 weeks of age) were randomly divided into four groups (8 mice/group). UTGL formulation was applied topically to the skin of the mice for 10 weeks. The normal control group received nonvehicle and was not irradiated with UVB. The UV control (UVB) group received nonvehicle and was exposed to gradient-UVB irradiation. The groups (GA) receiving topical application of UTGL formulation were subjected to gradient-UVB irradiation on 0.5 mg/cm2 [GA-low (GA-L)] and 1.0 mg/cm2 [(GA-high (GA-H)] of dorsal skin area, respectively. RESULTS We found that topical treatment with UTGL attenuated UVB-induced epidermal thickness and impairment of skin barrier function. Additionally, UTGL suppressed the expression of MMP-2, -3, and -13 induced by UVB irradiation. Our results show that topical application of UTGL protects the skin against UVB-induced damage in hairless mice and suggest that UTGL can act as a potential agent for preventing and/or treating UVB-induced photoaging. CONCLUSION UTGL possesses sunscreen properties and may exhibit photochemoprotective activities inside the skin of mice. Therefore, UTGL could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to protect the skin against UVB-induced photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hee Hong
- Department of Beauty Art, Suwon Women's University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Sun Lee
- Agency for Korea National Food Cluster, Iksan Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Jung
- Department of Home Economic Education, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Han
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yooheon Park
- Dongguk University Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Investigating the Effect of Korean Red Ginseng on the Viability of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps in Rats. Ann Plast Surg 2017; 79:e1-e6. [DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yuniarti WM, Lukiswanto BS. Effects of herbal ointment containing the leaf extracts of Madeira vine ( Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) for burn wound healing process on albino rats. Vet World 2017; 10:808-813. [PMID: 28831227 PMCID: PMC5553152 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.808-813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Skin burn is a health problem that requires fast and accurate treatment. If not well-treated, the burn will cause various damaging conditions for the patient. The leaf extract of Madeira vine (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis), or popularly known as Binahong in Indonesia, has been used to treat various diseases. The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of leaf extracts of Madeira vine (A. cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) on skin burn healing process in rats as an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research, there were four treatment groups: G0, G1, G2, and G3, each consisting of five rats. All these rats were given skin burns, using hot metal plates. Then, sulfadiazine was given to G0, 2.5% leaf extract of Madeira vine was given to G1, 5% extract was given to G2, and 10% extract was given to G3, for straight 14 days topically, 3 times a day. At the end of the treatment period, skin excisions were conducted, and histopathological examination was carried out. RESULT Microscopic observation on the wound healing process on the collagen deposition, polymorphonuclear infiltration, angiogenesis, and fibrosis showed that G2 had a significant difference with G0, G1, and G3 (p<0.05), while group G0 was significantly different from G1 and G3 (p<0.05). The better burn healing process on G2 allegedly because of the activity of flavonoid, saponin, and tannin, contained in the Madeira vine, which have the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. CONCLUSION The ointment from the 5% leaf extract of Madeira vine (A. cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) has been proven to be effective to be used for topical burn therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiwik Misaco Yuniarti
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Kampus C Unair, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Sektiari Lukiswanto
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Kampus C Unair, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Chen X, Wang M, Xu X, Liu J, Mei B, Fu P, Zhao D, Sun L. Panax ginseng total protein promotes proliferation and secretion of collagen in NIH/3T3 cells by activating extracellular signal-related kinase pathway. J Ginseng Res 2017; 41:411-418. [PMID: 28701885 PMCID: PMC5489768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, protein from ginseng was studied and used for the treatment of several kinds of diseases. However, the effect of ginseng total protein (GTP) on proliferation and wound healing in fibroblast cells remains unclear. METHODS In this study, cell viability was analyzed using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometer. The levels of transforming growth factor β1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and collagens were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of cyclin A, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase (p-ERK1/2), and ERK1/2 were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS Our results showed that GTP promoted cell proliferation and increased the percentage of cells in S phase through the upregulation of cyclin A in NIH/3T3 cells. We also found that GTP induced the secretion of type I collagen, and promoted the expression of other factors that regulate the synthesis of collagen such as transforming growth factor β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor. In addition, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 at Thr202/Tyr204 was also increased by GTP. CONCLUSION Our studies suggest that GTP promoted proliferation and secretion of collagen in NIH/3T3 cells by activating the ERK signal pathway, which shed light on a potential function of GTP in promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuenan Chen
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Manying Wang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaohao Xu
- Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology, College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Jianzeng Liu
- Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology, College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, Jilin, China
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Biological Engineering, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bing Mei
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Biological Engineering, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Pingping Fu
- China–Japan Union Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Biological Engineering, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Corresponding author. Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Biological Engineering, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Biological EngineeringChangchun University of Chinese Medicine1035 Boshuo RoadChangchunJilin Province130021China
| | - Liwei Sun
- Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology, College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, Jilin, China
- Corresponding author. Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Biotechnology, College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, 15 Jilin Street, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, China.Jilin Technology Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine BiotechnologyCollege of Biology and ChemistryBeihua University15 Jilin StreetJilinJilin Province132013China
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KORDJAZI M, SHABANPOUR B, ZABIHI E, FARAMARZI MA, AHMADI GAVLIGHI H, FEGHHI SMA, HOSSEINI SA. Investigation of effects of fucoidan polysaccharides extracted from twospecies of Padina on the wound-healing process in the rat. TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.3906/vet-1603-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Li J, Chen Y, Zhang L, Xing L, Xu H, Wang Y, Shi Q, Liang Q. Total saponins of panaxnotoginseng promotes lymphangiogenesis by activation VEGF-C expression of lymphatic endothelial cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:293-302. [PMID: 27553977 PMCID: PMC5108701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lymphatic system plays an important role in maintaining the fluid homeostasis and normal immune responses, anatomic or functional obstruction of which leads to lymphedema, and treatments for therapeutic lymphangiogenesis are efficiency for secondary lymphedema. Total saponins of panaxnotoginseng (PNS) are a mixture isolated from Panaxnotoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen, which has been used as traditional Chinese medicine in China for treatment of cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect and mechanism of PNS on lymphangiogenesis. METHODS The Tg (fli1: egfp; gata1: dsred) transgenic zebrafish embryos were treated with different concentrations of PNS (10, 50, 100μM) for 48h with or without the 6h pretreatment of the 30μM Vascular endothelial growth factors receptor (VEGFR)-3 kinase inhibitor, followed with morphological observation and lympangiogenesis of thoracic duct assessment. The effect of PNS on cell viability, migration, tube formation and Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)-C mRNA and protein expression of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were determined. The role of phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI-3)-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathways, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling in PNS-induced VEGF-C expression of LECs by using pharmacological agents to block each signal. RESULTS PNS promotes lymphangiogenesis of thoracic duct in zebrafish with or without VEGFR3 Kinase inhibitor pre-impairment. PNS promotes proliferation, migration and tube formation of LECs. The tube formation induced by PNS could be blocked by VEGFR3 Kinase inhibitor. PNS induce VEGF-C expression of LEC, which could be blocked by ERK1/2, PI3K and P38MAPK signaling inhibitors. CONCLUSION PNS activates lymphangiogenesis both in vivo and in vitro by up-regulating VEGF-C expression and activation of ERK1/2, PI3K and P38MAPK signaling. These findings provide a novel insight into the role of PNS in lymphangiogenesis and suggest that it might be an attractive and suitable therapeutic agent for treating secondary lymphedema or other lymphatic system impairment related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Qi Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Protective effects of ginsenoside F2 on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced skin inflammation in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1713-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yun IS, Kim YS, Roh TS, Lee WJ, Park TH, Roh H, Lew DH, Rah DK. The Effect of Red Ginseng Extract Intake on Ischemic Flaps. J INVEST SURG 2016; 30:19-25. [PMID: 27537618 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2016.1215577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Red ginseng is well known for its angiogenic effects and its effect of increasing expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), but little experimental evidence has been published. In this study, we examined the effect of red ginseng using an ischemic flap model. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups of 10. One group drank red ginseng solution from 7 days prior to surgery to 7 days after, whereas the other group drank distilled water. We created a local flap on the back of each rat. We analyzed the surviving area of the flap for 10 days after surgery and measured the blood flow of the flap. Ten days after the operation, CD31-positive vessels and VEGF expression were examined by immunohistochemistry. The percentages of surviving areas of the flap were 76 ± 3% for the experimental group and 39 ± 5% for the control group (P = 0.0002). Blood flow in the experimental group increased for 10 days after the surgery. The number of newly generated capillaries in the experimental group was 14.0 ± 3.5, which was significantly higher than 5.7 ± 1.9 in the control group. The expression of VEGF in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group (p = 0.0003). Administration of red ginseng extract increases the survival of ischemic flaps via angiogenesis and elevated blood flow. Further clinical studies are warranted to apply the effect shown in this current investigation to various ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Sik Yun
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Young Seok Kim
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Tai Suk Roh
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Won Jai Lee
- b Institute of Human Tissue Restoration, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Park
- b Institute of Human Tissue Restoration, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyun Roh
- b Institute of Human Tissue Restoration, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Lew
- b Institute of Human Tissue Restoration, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Dong Kyun Rah
- b Institute of Human Tissue Restoration, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
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Inhibitory effects of ginsenosides on basic fibroblast growth factor-induced melanocyte proliferation. J Ginseng Res 2016; 41:268-276. [PMID: 28701866 PMCID: PMC5489749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND UV-B-exposed keratinocytes secrete various paracrine factors. Among these factors, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) stimulates the proliferation of melanocytes. Ginsenosides, the major active compounds of ginseng, are known to have broad pharmacological effects. In this study, we examined the antiproliferative effects of ginsenosides on bFGF-induced melanocyte proliferation. METHODS We investigated the inhibitory effects of Korean Red Ginseng and ginsenosides from Panax ginseng on bFGF-induced proliferation of melan-a melanocytes. RESULTS When melan-a melanocytes were treated with UV-B-irradiated SP-1 keratinocytes media, cell proliferation increased. This increased proliferation of melanocytes decreased with a neutralizing anti-bFGF antibody. To elucidate the effects of ginsenosides on melanocyte proliferation induced by bFGF, we tested 15 types of ginsenoside compounds. Among them, Rh3, Rh1, F1, and CK demonstrated antiproliferative effects on bFGF-induced melanocyte proliferation after 72 h of treatment. bFGF stimulated cell proliferation via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in various cell types. Western blot analysis found bFGF-induced ERK phosphorylation in melan-a. Treatment with Rh3 inhibited bFGF-induced maximum ERK phosphorylation and F1-delayed maximum ERK phosphorylation, whereas Rh1 and CK had no detectable effects. In addition, cotreatment with Rh3 and F1 significantly suppressed bFGF-induced ERK phosphorylation. Western blot analysis found that bFGF increased microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) protein levels in melan-a. Treatment with Rh3 or F1 had no detectable effects, whereas cotreatment with Rh3 and F1 inhibited bFGF-induced MITF expression levels more strongly than a single treatment. CONCLUSION In summary, we found that ginsenosides Rh3 and F1 have a synergistic antiproliferative effect on bFGF-induced melan-a melanocyte proliferation via the inhibition of ERK-mediated upregulation of MITF.
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Brassolatti P, Bossini PS, Oliveira MCD, Kido HW, Tim CR, Almeida-Lopes L, De Avó LRDS, Araújo-Moreira FM, Parizotto NA. Comparative effects of two different doses of low-level laser therapy on wound healing third-degree burns in rats. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:313-20. [PMID: 26853699 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Burns are injuries caused by direct or indirect contact to chemical, physical, or biological agents. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a promising treatment since it is low-cost, non-invasive, and induces cell proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LLLT (660 nm) at two different fluences (12.5 J/cm(2) and 25 J/cm(2) ) per point of application on third-degree burns in rats. Thirty rats (Wistar) divided into GC, GL12.5, and GL25 were used in the study, and submitted to burn injury through a soldering iron at 150°C, pressed on their back for 10 s. LLLT was applied immediately, and 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after wound induction. Histological analysis revealed a decreased inflammatory infiltrate in the group treated with 25 J/cm(2) , and intense inflammatory infiltrate in the control group and in the group treated with 12.5 J/cm(2) . The immunostaining of COX-2 was more intense in the control groups and in the group treated with 12.5 J/cm(2) than in the group treated with 25 J/cm(2) . Conversely, VEGF immunomarking was more expressive in the group treated with 25 J/cm(2) than it was in the other two groups. Therefore, our findings suggest that the use of 25 J/cm(2) and 1 J of energy was more effective in stimulating the cellular processes involved in tissue repair on third-degree burns in rats by reducing the inflammatory phase, and stimulating angiogenesis, thus restoring the local microcirculation which is essential for cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Brassolatti
- Department of Physiotherapy, Post-Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Bossini
- Department of Physiotherapy, Post-Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Hueliton Wilian Kido
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta Tim
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando M Araújo-Moreira
- Department of Physics, Post-Graduate Program of Biotechnology Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto
- Department of Physiotherapy, Post-Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Shin KC, Choi HY, Seo MJ, Oh DK. Compound K Production from Red Ginseng Extract by β-Glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus Supplemented with α-L-Arabinofuranosidase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145876. [PMID: 26710074 PMCID: PMC4692446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside compound K (C-K) is attracting a lot of interest because of its biological and pharmaceutical activities, including hepatoprotective, antitumor, anti-wrinkling, and anti-skin aging activities. C-K has been used as the principal ingredient in skin care products. For the effective application of ginseng extracts to the manufacture of cosmetics, the PPD-type ginsenosides in ginseng extracts should be converted to C-K by enzymatic conversion. For increased yield of C-K from the protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides in red-ginseng extract (RGE), the α-L-arabinofuranoside-hydrolyzing α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus (CS-abf) was used along with the β-D-glucopyranoside/α-L-arabinopyranoside-hydrolyzing β-glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus (SS-bgly) because SS-bgly showed very low hydrolytic activity on the α-L-arabinofuranoside linkage in ginsenosides. The optimal reaction conditions for C-K production were as follows: pH 6.0, 80°C, 2 U/mL SS-bgly, 3 U/mL CS-abf, and 7.5 g/L PPD-type ginsenosides in RGE. Under these optimized conditions, SS-bgly supplemented with CS-abf produced 4.2 g/L C-K from 7.5 g/L PPD-type ginsenosides in 12 h without other ginsenosides, with a molar yield of 100% and a productivity of 348 mg/L/h. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest concentration and productivity of C-K from ginseng extract ever published in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Chul Shin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Seo
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Campelo APBS, Campelo MWS, Brito GADC, Jamacaru FVF, Leitão RFDC, Vasconcelos PRLD. Oil mixes omega 9, 6 and 3, enriched with seaweed, promoted reduction of thermal burned modulating NF-kB and Ki-67. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:430-8. [PMID: 26108032 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150060000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effects of the oil mixes (ω-9, ω-6 and ω-3) in rats subjected to thermal burn. It was also aimed to assess whether the sources of ω3 would interfere with the effect of such mixes on the thermal injury. METHODS Thirty-six rats distributed into five groups: burned + water, burned + isolipid mix, burned + oil mix 1 (ALA), burned + oil mix 2 (ALA + EPA + DHA of fish) and burned + oil mix 3 (ALA + DHA from seaweed). The thermal injury was involving total thickness of skin. After the burns animals received the oil mixes for seven days. The lesions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Animals receiving mix 3 showed a smaller extension of the thermal injury as compared to those that were supplemented with other oils mixes. Expression of Ki-67 in the receiving Mix 3 increased as compared to all the other groups. Animals supplemented with mix 3 were able to inhibit NF-κB in injured tissue. CONCLUSION Rats received oil mix in which the source of ω3 (ALA+DHA of seaweed) showed inhibition of NF-κB, increase in cell proliferation, and reduction the extension of thermal lesion.
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Hwang SH, Lee BH, Choi SH, Kim HJ, Won KJ, Lee HM, Rhim H, Kim HC, Nah SY. Effects of gintonin on the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical-vein endothelial cells: involvement of lysophosphatidic-acid receptors and vascular-endothelial-growth-factor signaling. J Ginseng Res 2015; 40:325-333. [PMID: 27746684 PMCID: PMC5052429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ginseng extracts are known to have angiogenic effects. However, to date, only limited information is available on the molecular mechanism underlying the angiogenic effects and the main components of ginseng that exert these effects. Human umbilical-vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are used as an in vitro model for screening therapeutic agents that promote angiogenesis and wound healing. We recently isolated gintonin, a novel ginseng-derived lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor ligand, from ginseng. LPA plays a key role in angiogenesis and wound healing. Methods In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of gintonin on proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs, which express endogenous LPA1/3 receptors. Results Gintonin stimulated proliferation and migration of HUVECs. The LPA1/3 receptor antagonist, Ki16425, short interfering RNA against LPA1 or LPA3 receptor, and the Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, significantly decreased the gintonin-induced proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs, which indicates the involvement of LPA receptors and Rho kinase activation. Further, gintonin increased the release of vascular endothelial growth factors from HUVECs. The cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398, nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor BAY11-7085, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor SP600125 blocked the gintonin-induced migration, which shows the involvement of cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor kappa B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling. Conclusion The gintonin-mediated proliferation, migration, and vascular-endothelial-growth-factor release in HUVECs via LPA-receptor activation may be one of in vitro mechanisms underlying ginseng-induced angiogenic and wound-healing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Health Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Byung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Hye Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Joong Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Jong Won
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Hwan Myung Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Hyewon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee GY, Park KG, Namgoong S, Han SK, Jeong SH, Dhong ES, Kim WK. Effects of Panax ginseng extract on human dermal fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. Int Wound J 2015; 13 Suppl 1:42-6. [PMID: 26507878 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Current studies of Panax ginseng (or Korean ginseng) have demonstrated that it has various biological effects, including angiogenesis, immunostimulation, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we hypothesised that P. ginseng may also play an important role in wound healing. However, few studies have been conducted on the wound-healing effects of P. ginseng. Thus, the purpose of this in vitro pilot study was to determine the effects of P. ginseng on the activities of fibroblasts, which are key wound-healing cells. Cultured human dermal fibroblasts were treated with one of six concentrations of P. ginseng: 0, 1, 10 and 100 ng/ml and 1 and 10 µg/ml. Cell proliferation was determined 3 days post-treatment using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, and collagen synthesis was evaluated by the collagen type I carboxy-terminal propeptide method. Cell proliferation levels and collagen synthesis were compared among the groups. The 10 ng/ml to 1 µg/ml P. ginseng treatments significantly increased cell proliferation, and the 1 ng/ml to 1 µg/ml concentrations significantly increased collagen synthesis. The maximum effects for both parameters were observed at 10 ng/ml. P. ginseng stimulated human dermal fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis at an optimal concentration of 10 ng/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Young Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang-Gyun Park
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sik Namgoong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Kyu Han
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Jeong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Sang Dhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Kyung Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lim TG, Lee CC, Dong Z, Lee KW. Ginsenosides and their metabolites: a review of their pharmacological activities in the skin. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:397-403. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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50
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Lim TG, Jeon AJ, Yoon JH, Song D, Kim JE, Kwon JY, Kim JR, Kang NJ, Park JS, Yeom MH, Oh DK, Lim Y, Lee CC, Lee CY, Lee KW. 20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol, a metabolite of ginsenoside Rb1, enhances the production of hyaluronic acid through the activation of ERK and Akt mediated by Src tyrosin kinase in human keratinocytes. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1388-94. [PMID: 25738334 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms through which 20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol (20GPPD) promotes the production of hyaluronic acid (HA) in human keratinocytes. 20GPPD is the primary bioactive metabolite of Rb1, a major ginsenoside found in ginseng (Panax ginseng). We sought to elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind the 20GPPD-induced production of HA. We found that 20GPPD induced an increase in HA production by elevating hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) expression in human keratinocytes. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt was also enhanced by 20GPPD in a dose-dependent manner. The pharmacological inhibition of ERK (using U0126) or Akt (using LY294002) suppressed the 20GPPD-induced expression of HAS2, whereas treatment with an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor (AG1478) or an intracellular Ca2+ chelator (BAPTA/AM) did not exert any observable effects. The increased Src phosphorylation was also confirmed following treatment with 20GPPD in the human keratinocytes. Following pre-treatment with the Src inhibitor, PP2, both HA production and HAS2 expression were attenuated. Furthermore, the 20GPPD-enhanced ERK and Akt signaling decreased following treatment with PP2. Taken together, our results suggest that Src kinase plays a critical role in the 20GPPD-induced production of HA by acting as an upstream modulator of ERK and Akt activity in human keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Gyu Lim
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ji Jeon
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasom Song
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Kim
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Kwon
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Rhan Kim
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Joo Kang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Seong Park
- Skin Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin 341-1, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Hun Yeom
- Skin Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin 341-1, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoongho Lim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Charles C Lee
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Chang Yong Lee
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
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