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Garriga F, Martínez-Hernández J, Gener-Velasco N, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Yeste M. Voltage-dependent anion channels are involved in the maintenance of pig sperm quality during liquid preservation. Theriogenology 2024; 224:26-33. [PMID: 38723471 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Pigs are usually bred through artificial insemination with liquid semen preserved at 15-20 °C. While this method of preservation brings many benefits, including a greater reproductive performance compared to frozen-thawed sperm, the period of storage is a limiting factor. As the mitochondrion regulates many facets of sperm physiology, modulating its activity could have an impact on their lifespan. Aligned with this hypothesis, the present study sought to investigate whether inhibition of voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs), which reside in the outer mitochondrial membrane and regulate the flux of ions between mitochondria and the cytosol in somatic cells, influences the resilience of pig sperm to liquid preservation at 17 °C. For this purpose, semen samples (N = 7) were treated with two different concentrations of TRO19622 (5 μM and 50 μM), an inhibitor of VDACs, and stored at 17 °C for 10 days. At days 0, 4 and 10, sperm quality and functionality parameters were evaluated by flow cytometry and computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). The effects of inhibiting VDACs depended on the concentration of the inhibitor. On the one hand, the greatest concentration of TRO19622 (50 μM) led to a decrease in sperm motility, viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, which could be related to the observed intracellular Ca2+ increase. In contrast, total sperm motility was higher in samples treated with 5 μM TRO19622 than in the control, suggesting that when VDACs channels are inhibited by the lowest concentration of the blocking agent the resilience of pig sperm to liquid storage increases. In conclusion, the current research indicates that mitochondrial function, as regulated by ion channels in the outer mitochondrial membrane like VDACs, is related to the sperm resilience to liquid preservation and may influence cell lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Garriga
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain; Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Jesús Martínez-Hernández
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain; Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, IMIB-Arrixaca, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, ES-30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Núria Gener-Velasco
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Joan E Rodríguez-Gil
- Unit of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain; Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), ES-08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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Wang A, Wan X, Zhu F, Liu H, Song X, Huang Y, Zhu L, Ao Y, Zeng J, Wang B, Wu Y, Xu Z, Wang J, Yao W, Li H, Zhuang P, Jiao J, Zhang Y. Habitual Daily Intake of Fried Foods Raises Transgenerational Inheritance Risk of Heart Failure Through NOTCH1-Triggered Apoptosis. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0401. [PMID: 39010883 PMCID: PMC11246838 DOI: 10.34133/research.0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of fried foods is highly prevalent in the Western dietary pattern. Western diet has been unfavorably linked with high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Heart failure (HF) as a cardiovascular disease subtype is a growing global pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. However, the causal relationship between long-term fried food consumption and incident HF remains unclear. Our population-based study revealed that frequent fried food consumption is strongly associated with 15% higher risk of HF. The causal relationship may be ascribed to the dietary acrylamide exposure in fried foods. Further cross-sectional study evidenced that acrylamide exposure is associated with an increased risk of HF. Furthermore, we discover and demonstrate that chronic acrylamide exposure may induce HF in zebrafish and mice. Mechanistically, we reveal that acrylamide induces energy metabolism disturbance in heart due to the mitochondria dysfunction and metabolic remodeling. Moreover, acrylamide exposure induces myocardial apoptosis via inhibiting NOTCH1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling. In addition, acrylamide exposure could affect heart development during early life stage, and the adverse effect of acrylamide exposure is a threat for next generation via epigenetic change evoked by DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). In this study, we reveal the adverse effects and underlying mechanism of fried foods and acrylamide as a typical food processing contaminant on HF from population-based observations to experimental validation. Collectively, these results both epidemiologically and mechanistically provide strong evidence to unravel the mechanism of acrylamide-triggered HF and highlight the significance of reducing fried food consumption for lower the risk of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuzhi Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fanghuan Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoyin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoran Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingyu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Ao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Criminal Science and Technology,
Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Criminal Science and Technology,
Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongshi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Criminal Science and Technology,
Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Criminal Science and Technology,
Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weixuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Criminal Science and Technology,
Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Varvuolytė G, Řezníčková E, Bieliauskas A, Kleizienė N, Vojáčková V, Opichalová A, Žukauskaitė A, Kryštof V, Šačkus A. Synthesis and photodynamic activity of new 5-[(E)-2-(3-alkoxy-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)ethenyl]-2-phenyl-3H-indoles. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400282. [PMID: 38969965 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
A series of new indole-pyrazole hybrids 8a-m were synthesized through the palladium-catalyzed ligandless Heck coupling reaction from easily accessible unsubstituted, methoxy- or fluoro-substituted 4-ethenyl-1H-pyrazoles and 5-bromo-3H-indoles. These compounds exerted cytotoxicity to melanoma G361 cells when irradiated with blue light (414 nm) and no cytotoxicity in the dark at concentrations up to 10 µM, prompting us to explore their photodynamic effects. The photodynamic properties of the example compound 8d were further investigated in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Evaluation revealed comparable anticancer activities of 8d in both breast and melanoma cancer cell lines within the submicromolar range. The treatment induced a massive generation of reactive oxygen species, leading to different types of cell death depending on the compound concentration and the irradiation intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielė Varvuolytė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Eva Řezníčková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aurimas Bieliauskas
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Neringa Kleizienė
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Veronika Vojáčková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Opichalová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Žukauskaitė
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Algirdas Šačkus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Xiong M, Liu Z, Wang B, Sokolich T, Graham N, Chen M, Wang WL, Boldin MP. The epithelial C15ORF48/miR-147-NDUFA4 axis is an essential regulator of gut inflammation, energy metabolism, and the microbiome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315944121. [PMID: 38917002 PMCID: PMC11228508 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315944121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is epidemiologically linked to the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling gut inflammation remains insufficient, hindering the development of targeted therapies for IBD and CRC. In this study, we uncovered C15ORF48/miR-147 as a negative regulator of gut inflammation, operating through the modulation of epithelial cell metabolism. C15ORF48/miR-147 encodes two molecular products, C15ORF48 protein and miR-147-3p microRNA, which are predominantly expressed in the intestinal epithelium. C15ORF48/miR-147 ablation leads to gut dysbiosis and exacerbates chemically induced colitis in mice. C15ORF48 and miR-147-3p work together to suppress colonocyte metabolism and inflammation by silencing NDUFA4, a subunit of mitochondrial complex IV (CIV). Interestingly, the C15ORF48 protein, a structural paralog of NDUFA4, contains a unique C-terminal α-helical domain crucial for displacing NDUFA4 from CIV and its subsequent degradation. NDUFA4 silencing hinders NF-κB signaling activation and consequently attenuates inflammatory responses. Collectively, our findings have established the C15ORF48/miR-147-NDUFA4 molecular axis as an indispensable regulator of gut homeostasis, bridging mitochondrial metabolism and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiong
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Ze Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Bintao Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Thomas Sokolich
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Natalie Graham
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Meirong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Wei-Le Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Mark P Boldin
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
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Ofori E, Dziedzorm W, Buabeng A, Dogodzi F, Adusu‐Donkor L, Bernard S, Amponsah S, Asare‐Anane H. Comparative Determination of Mitochondrial Biomarkers and Their Relationship With Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 7:e507. [PMID: 38943337 PMCID: PMC11213964 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data suggest malfunctioning mitochondria reduce oxidation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, disrupting insulin signalling. Cytochrome c (CC), acylcarnitine (AC) and citrate synthase (CS) are essential components of the mitochondria machinery and can be used as reliable biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction. This study aimed to determine whether mitochondrial biomarkers (AC, CS and CC) are altered in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to examine the association between these biomarkers and insulin resistance. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional observational study that recruited 170 participants (88 with T2DM and 82 without DM) was conducted. Blood samples were collected from the recruits and analysed for levels of fasting glucose (FBG), AC, CS, CC, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and magnesium. Blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric characteristics of participants were also taken. Appropriate formulas were used to determine %body fat, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-β). RESULTS Patients with T2DM had higher levels of CC, %body fat, FBG, TG, HbA1c, BMI and HOMA-IR than controls (p < 0.05, respectively). Results showed a significant relationship between circulating CC levels versus HOMA-β (r = -0.40, p = 0.001), CS (r = -0.70, p = 0.001) and AC (r = -0.72, p = 0.001) levels in patients with T2DM. The adjusted odds increased in the T2DM patients for VLDL (OR = 6.66, p = 0.002), HbA1c (OR = 6.50, p = 0.001), FPG (OR = 3.17, p = 0.001), TG (OR = 2.36, p = 0.010), being female (OR = 2.09, p = 0.020) and CC (OR = 1.14, p = 0.016). CONCLUSION Overall, alterations in mitochondrial biomarkers, measured by AC, CC and CS, were observed in people with T2DM and showed a direct relationship with insulin resistance. These findings are potentially significant in Africa, although additional confirmation from a larger cohort is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francis K. Dogodzi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Basic and Applied SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana
| | | | - Segla K. Bernard
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious PathogensAccraGhana
| | - Seth K. Amponsah
- Department of Medical PharmacologyUniversity of Ghana Medical SchoolAccraGhana
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He W, Li ZQ, Gu HY, Pan QL, Lin FX. Targeted Therapy of Spinal Cord Injury: Inhibition of Apoptosis Is a Promising Therapeutic Strategy. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4222-4239. [PMID: 38066400 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious disabling central nervous system injury that can lead to motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction below the injury level. SCI can be divided into primary injury and secondary injury according to pathological process. Primary injury is mostly irreversible, while secondary injury is a dynamic regulatory process. Apoptosis is an important pathological event of secondary injury and has a significant effect on the recovery of nerve function after SCI. Nerve cell death can further aggravate the microenvironment of the injured site, leading to neurological dysfunction and thus affect the clinical outcome of patients. Therefore, apoptosis plays a crucial role in the pathological progression of secondary SCI, while inhibiting apoptosis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for SCI. This review will summarize and explore the factors that lead to cell death after SCI, the influence of cross talk between signaling pathways and pathways involved in apoptosis and discuss the influence of apoptosis on SCI, and the therapeutic significance of targeting apoptosis on SCI. This review helps us to understand the role of apoptosis in secondary SCI and provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of SCI based on apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hou-Yun Gu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Lin Pan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Xiang Lin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), Jiangxi Province, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China.
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Noruzi M, Behmadi H, Sabzevari O, Foroumadi A, Ghahremani MH, Pourahmad J, Hassani S, Baeeri M, Gholami M, Ghahremanian A, Seyfi S, Taghizadeh G, Sharifzadeh M. Liraglutide alleviated alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (α-PVP) induced cognitive deficits in rats by modifying brain mitochondrial impairment. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176776. [PMID: 38936451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The use of NPS compounds is increasing, and impairment in spatial learning and memory is a growing concern. Alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (α-PVP) consumption, as a commonly used NPS, can impair spatial learning and memory via the brain mitochondrial dysfunction mechanism. Liraglutide isone of the most well-known Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists that is used as an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity drug. According to current research, Liraglutide likely ameliorates cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative conditions and substance use disorders. Hence, the purpose of this study is examining the effect of Liraglutide on α-PVP-induced spatial learning and memory problems due to brain mitochondrial dysfunction. Wistar rats (8 in each group) received α-PVP (20 mg/kg/d for 10 consecutive days, intraperitoneally (I.P.)). Then, Liraglutide was administered at 47 and 94 μg/kg/d, I.P., for 4 weeks following the α-PVP administration. The Morris Water Maze (MWM) task evaluated spatial learning and memory 24 h after Liraglutide treatment. Bedside, brain mitochondrial activity parameters, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytochrome c release, mitochondrial outer membrane damage and swelling, and brain ADP/ATP ratio, were studied. Our results showed that Liraglutide ameliorated α-PVP-induced spatial learning and memory impairments through alleviating brain mitochondrial dysfunction (which is indicated by increasing ROS formation, collapsed MMP, mitochondrial outer membrane damage, cytochrome c release, mitochondrial swelling, and increased brain ADP/ATP ratio). This study could be used as a starting point for future studies about the possible role of Liraglutide in ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction leading to substance use disorder- induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Noruzi
- School of Pharmacy, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Homayoon Behmadi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Sabzevari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Toxicology & Poisoning Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholami
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Toxicology & Poisoning Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Ghahremanian
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Drug and Poision Information Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Seyfi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghorban Taghizadeh
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Traut M, Kowalczyk-Zieba I, Boruszewska D, Jaworska J, Gąsiorowska S, Lukaszuk K, Ropka-Molik K, Piórkowska K, Szmatoła T, Woclawek-Potocka I. Deregulation of oxidative phosphorylation pathways in embryos derived in vitro from prepubertal and pubertal heifers based on whole-transcriptome sequencing. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:632. [PMID: 38914933 PMCID: PMC11197288 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although, oocytes from prepubertal donors are known to be less developmentally competent than those from adult donors it does not restrain their ability to produce full-term pregnancies. The transcriptomic profile of embryos could be used as a predictor for embryo's individual developmental competence. The aim of the study was to compare transcriptomic profile of blastocysts derived from prepubertal and pubertal heifers oocytes. Bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained by ovum pick- up method from prepubertal and pubertal heifers. After in vitro maturation COCs were fertilized and cultured to the blastocyst stage. Total RNA was isolated from both groups of blastocysts and RNA-seq was performed. Gene ontology analysis was performed by DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery). RESULTS A higher average blastocyst rate was obtained in the pubertal than in the pre-pubertal group. There were no differences in the quality of blastocysts between the examined groups. We identified 436 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between blastocysts derived from researched groups, of which 247 DEGs were downregulated in blastocysts derived from pubertal compared to prepubertal heifers oocytes, and 189 DEGs were upregulated. The genes involved in mitochondrial function, including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) were found to be different in studied groups using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes (KEGG) pathway analysis and 8 of those DEGs were upregulated and 1 was downregulated in blastocysts derived from pubertal compared to prepubertal heifers oocytes. DEGs associated with mitochondrial function were found: ATP synthases (ATP5MF-ATP synthase membrane subunit f, ATP5PD- ATP synthase peripheral stalk subunit d, ATP12A- ATPase H+/K + transporting non-gastric alpha2 subunit), NADH dehydrogenases (NDUFS3- NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit core subunit S3, NDUFA13- NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A13, NDUFA3- NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A3), cytochrome c oxidase (COX17), cytochrome c somatic (CYCS) and ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase core protein 1 (UQCRC1). We found lower number of apoptotic cells in blastocysts derived from oocytes collected from prepubertal than those obtained from pubertal donors. CONCLUSIONS Despite decreased expression of genes associated with OXPHOS pathway in blastocysts from prepubertal heifers oocytes, the increased level of ATP12A together with the lower number of apoptotic cells in these blastocysts might support their survival after transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Traut
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-747, Poland
| | - Ilona Kowalczyk-Zieba
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-747, Poland
| | - Dorota Boruszewska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-747, Poland
| | - Joanna Jaworska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-747, Poland
| | - Sandra Gąsiorowska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-747, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Lukaszuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80-210, Poland
- Invicta Research and Development Center, Sopot, 81-740, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ropka-Molik
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 St, Balice, 32-083, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Piórkowska
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 St, Balice, 32-083, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szmatoła
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 St, Balice, 32-083, Poland
- Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Redzina 1c, Krakow, 30-248, Poland
| | - Izabela Woclawek-Potocka
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-747, Poland.
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9
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Lee OYA, Wong ANN, Ho CY, Tse KW, Chan AZ, Leung GPH, Kwan YW, Yeung MHY. Potentials of Natural Antioxidants in Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:751. [PMID: 38929190 PMCID: PMC11201162 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a substantial global public health challenge, with high morbidity and mortality. CKD patients often experience dyslipidaemia and poor glycaemic control, further exacerbating inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney. If left untreated, these metabolic symptoms can progress to end-stage renal disease, necessitating long-term dialysis or kidney transplantation. Alleviating inflammation responses has become the standard approach in CKD management. Medications such as statins, metformin, and GLP-1 agonists, initially developed for treating metabolic dysregulation, demonstrate promising renal therapeutic benefits. The rising popularity of herbal remedies and supplements, perceived as natural antioxidants, has spurred investigations into their potential efficacy. Notably, lactoferrin, Boerhaavia diffusa, Amauroderma rugosum, and Ganoderma lucidum are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and may support kidney function preservation. However, the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of Western medications and herbal remedies in alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress occurring in renal dysfunction are not completely known. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CKD treatment strategies and renal function preservation and critically discusses the existing literature's limitations whilst offering insight into the potential antioxidant effects of these interventions. This could provide a useful guide for future clinical trials and facilitate the development of effective treatment strategies for kidney functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- On Ying Angela Lee
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (O.Y.A.L.)
| | - Alex Ngai Nick Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (O.Y.A.L.)
| | - Ching Yan Ho
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (O.Y.A.L.)
| | - Ka Wai Tse
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (O.Y.A.L.)
| | - Angela Zaneta Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - George Pak-Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Yiu Wa Kwan
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Martin Ho Yin Yeung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (O.Y.A.L.)
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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10
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Suryawan IGR, Pikir BS, Rantam FA, Ratri AK, Nugraha RA. Hypoxic preconditioning promotes survival of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell via expression of prosurvival and proangiogenic biomarkers. F1000Res 2024; 10:843. [PMID: 38938689 PMCID: PMC11208860 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55351.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Contributing factors for improved survival of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (h-AMSCs) cultured through hypoxia preconditioning, in example apoptosis inhibition involving BCL2 and HSP27 expression, trigger signal expression (VEGF), SCF expression, OCT-4 expression, and CD44+ expression. The objective if this study was to explain the mechanism and role of hypoxic preconditioning and the optimal duration of hypoxic preconditioning exposure to improve survival of h-AMSCs. Methods: An experimental laboratory explorative study (in vitro) with hypoxic preconditioning in h-AMSCs cultures. This research was conducted through four stages. First, isolation of h-AMSCs culture from adipose tissue of patients. Second, the characterization of h-AMSCs from adipose tissue by phenotype (flowcytometry) through CD44+, CD90+ and CD45-expression before being pre-conditioned for hypoxic treatment. Third, the hypoxic preconditioning in h-AMSCs culture (in vitro) was performed with an oxygen concentration of 1% for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Fourth, observation of survival from h-AMSCs culture was tested on the role of CD44+, VEGF, SCF, OCT-4, BCL2, HSP27 with Flowcytometry and apoptotic inhibition by Tunnel Assay method. Results: The result of regression test showed that time difference had an effect on VEGF expression (p<0.001;β=-0.482) and hypoxia condition also influenced VEGF expression (p<0.001;β=0.774). The result of path analysis showed that SCF had effect on OCT-4 expression (p<0.001; β=0.985). The regression test results showed that time effects on HSP27 expression (p<0.001; β=0.398) and hypoxia precondition also affects HSP27 expression (p<0.001; β=0.847). Pathway analysis showed that BCL2 expression inhibited apoptosis (p=0.030; β=-0.442) and HSP27 expression also inhibited apoptosis (p<0,001;β=-0.487). Conclusion: Hypoxic preconditioning of h-AMSC culture has proven to increase the expression of VEGF, SCF, OCT-4, and BCL2 and HSP27. This study demonstrated and explained the existence of a new mechanism of increased h-AMSC survival in cultures with hypoxic preconditioning (O2 1%) via VEGF, SCF, OCT-4, BCL2, and HSP 27.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gde Rurus Suryawan
- Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia
| | - Budi Susetyo Pikir
- Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia
| | - Fedik Abdul Rantam
- Virology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia
| | - Anudya Kartika Ratri
- Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia
| | - Ricardo Adrian Nugraha
- Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia
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11
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Yang L, Kung CJS, Lu Z, Liu JYH, Ngan MP, Sakai T, Sakata I, Chan SW, Tu L, Rudd JA. Exploring the role of ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Neuropharmacology 2024; 251:109919. [PMID: 38548221 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Ghrelin and its mimetics have been shown to reduce cisplatin-induced emesis in preclinical studies using ferrets and shrews. This study investigated the effectiveness of ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin (DAG) in antagonizing cisplatin-induced emesis and physiological changes indicative of nausea in Suncus murinus. Animals implanted with radiotelemetry devices were administered ghrelin (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/day), DAG (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/day), or saline (14 μL/day) intracerebroventricularly 4 days before and 3 days after treatment with cisplatin (30 mg/kg). At the end, the anti-apoptotic potentials of ghrelin and DAG were assessed by measuring Bax expression and cytochrome C activity. Neurotransmitter changes in the brain were evaluated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Ghrelin and DAG reduced cisplatin-induced emesis in the delayed (24-72 h) but not the acute phase (0-24 h) of emesis. Ghrelin also partially reversed the inhibitory effects of cisplatin on food intake without affecting gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity or causing hypothermia; however, ghrelin or DAG did not prevent these effects. Ghrelin and DAG could attenuate the cisplatin-induced upregulation of Bax and cytochrome C in the ileum. Cisplatin dysregulated neurotransmitter levels in the frontal cortex, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus, and brainstem, and this was partially restored by low doses of ghrelin and DAG. Our findings suggest that ghrelin and DAG exhibit protective effects against cisplatin-induced delayed emesis. The underlying antiemetic mechanism may involve GHSR and/or unspecified pathways that modulate the neurotransmitters involved in emesis control in the brain and an action to attenuate apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqing Yang
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Charmaine J S Kung
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Zengbing Lu
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Julia Y H Liu
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Man Piu Ngan
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Takafumi Sakai
- Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama-shi, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sakata
- Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama-shi, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Sze Wa Chan
- School of Health Sciences, Saint Francis University, Tseung Kwan O, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Longlong Tu
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - John A Rudd
- Emesis Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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12
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Zhou Y, Huang X, Jin Y, Qiu M, Ambe PC, Basharat Z, Hong W. The role of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns in acute pancreatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116690. [PMID: 38718519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract diseases with significant morbidity and mortality. Current treatments remain unspecific and supportive due to the severity and clinical course of AP, which can fluctuate rapidly and unpredictably. Mitochondria, cellular power plant to produce energy, are involved in a variety of physiological or pathological activities in human body. There is a growing evidence indicating that mitochondria damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) play an important role in pathogenesis and progression of AP. With the pro-inflammatory properties, released mtDAMPs may damage pancreatic cells by binding with receptors, activating downstream molecules and releasing inflammatory factors. This review focuses on the possible interaction between AP and mtDAMPs, which include cytochrome c (Cyt c), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), cardiolipin (CL), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and succinate, with focus on experimental research and potential therapeutic targets in clinical practice. Preventing or diminishing the release of mtDAMPs or targeting the mtDAMPs receptors might have a role in AP progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhao Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter C Ambe
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral Surgery and Coloproctology, Vinzenz-Pallotti-Hospital Bensberg, Vinzenz-Pallotti-Str. 20-24, Bensberg 51429, Germany
| | | | - Wandong Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Park JY, Kim JH, Park CH, Kim SH, Kim IH, Cho WG. Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate induces pyroptosis via reactive oxygen species-regulated mitochondrial dysfunction in bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicology 2024; 505:153827. [PMID: 38729513 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by gasdermin (GSDM)-mediated pore formation in the cell membrane, resulting in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cellular lysis. Increasing evidence has shown that pyroptosis is responsible for the progression of various pulmonary disorders. The inhalation of polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) causes severe lung inflammation and pulmonary toxicity; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the role of pyroptosis in PHMG-induced pulmonary toxicity. We exposed bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B, to PHMG phosphate (PHMG-p) and evaluated cell death type, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and relative expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins. Our data revealed that PHMG-p reduced viability and induced morphological alterations in BEAS-2B cells. Exposure to PHMG-p induced excessive accumulation of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) in BEAS-2B cells. PHMG-p activated caspase-dependent apoptosis as well as NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated- and caspase-3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis through mitochondrial oxidative stress in BEAS-2B cells. Notably, PHMG-p reduced mitochondrial respiratory function and induced the translocation of Bax and cleaved GSDM into the mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results enhanced our understanding of PHMG-p-induced lung toxicity by demonstrating that PHMG-p induces pyroptosis via mtROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 35138, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Park
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 20, Ilsan-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyeon Kim
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gil Cho
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 20, Ilsan-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Mosquera-Sulbaran JA, Pedreañez A, Vargas R, Hernandez-Fonseca JP. Apoptosis in post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and mechanisms for failed of inflammation resolution. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:1709-1724. [PMID: 37775580 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is a condition resulting from infection by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. The main mechanism involves the formation of immune complexes formed in the circulation or in situ on the glomerular basement membrane, which activates complement and causes various inflammatory processes. Cellular mechanisms have been reported in the induction of kidney damage represented by the infiltration of innate cells (neutrophils and monocyte/macrophages) and adaptive cells (CD4 + lymphocytes and CD8 + lymphocytes) of the immune system. These cells induce kidney damage through various mechanisms. It has been reported that nephritogenic antigens are capable of inducing inflammatory processes early, even before the formation of immune complexes. Usually, this disease progresses towards clinical and renal normalization; however, in a smaller number of patients, it evolves into chronicity and persistent kidney damage. Hypotheses have been proposed regarding the mechanisms underlying this progression to chronicity including failure to induce apoptosis and failure to phagocytose apoptotic cells, allowing these cells to undergo membrane permeabilization and release pro-inflammatory molecules into the environment, thereby perpetuating renal inflammation. Other mechanisms involved include persistent infection, genetic background of the host's complement system, tubulointerstitial changes, and pre-existing kidney damage due to old age and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús A Mosquera-Sulbaran
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette," Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal: 23, Maracaibo, 4001-A, Zulia, Venezuela.
| | - Adriana Pedreañez
- Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Renata Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette," Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal: 23, Maracaibo, 4001-A, Zulia, Venezuela
| | - Juan Pablo Hernandez-Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette," Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal: 23, Maracaibo, 4001-A, Zulia, Venezuela
- Servicio de Microscopia Electrónica del Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Azhamuthu T, Kathiresan S, Senkuttuvan I, Asath NAA, Ravichandran P, Vasu R. Usnic acid alleviates inflammatory responses and induces apoptotic signaling through inhibiting NF-ĸB expressions in human oral carcinoma cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4074. [PMID: 38874340 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Usnic acid (UA) is a unique bioactive substance in lichen with potential anticancer properties. Recently, we have reported that UA can reduce 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene-induced oral carcinogenesis by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell proliferation in a male golden Syrian hamster in vivo model. The present study aims to explore the relevant mechanism of cell death induced by UA on human oral carcinoma (KB) cell line in an in vitro model. We found that UA can induce apoptosis (cell death) in KB cells by decreasing cell viability, increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), depolarizing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels, causing nuclear fragmentation, altering apoptotic morphology, and causing excessive DNA damage. Additionally, UA inhibits the expression of Bcl-2, a protein that promotes cell survival, while increasing the expression of p53, Bax, Cytochrome-c, Caspase-9, and 3 proteins in KB cells. UA also inhibits the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a protein that mediates the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, in KB cells. Furthermore, UA promotes apoptosis by enhancing the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic mechanism through oxidative stress, depletion of cellular antioxidants, and an inflammatory response. Ultimately, the findings of this study suggest that UA may have potential as an anticancer therapeutic agent for oral cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theerthu Azhamuthu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Kathiresan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ilanchitchenni Senkuttuvan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Pugazhendhi Ravichandran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajeswari Vasu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Campbell JM, Gosnell M, Agha A, Handley S, Knab A, Anwer AG, Bhargava A, Goldys EM. Label-Free Assessment of Key Biological Autofluorophores: Material Characteristics and Opportunities for Clinical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403761. [PMID: 38775184 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Autofluorophores are endogenous fluorescent compounds that naturally occur in the intra and extracellular spaces of all tissues and organs. Most have vital biological functions - like the metabolic cofactors NAD(P)H and FAD+, as well as the structural protein collagen. Others are considered to be waste products - like lipofuscin and advanced glycation end products - which accumulate with age and are associated with cellular dysfunction. Due to their natural fluorescence, these materials have great utility for enabling non-invasive, label-free assays with direct ties to biological function. Numerous technologies, with different advantages and drawbacks, are applied to their assessment, including fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, hyperspectral microscopy, and flow cytometry. Here, the applications of label-free autofluorophore assessment are reviewed for clinical and health-research applications, with specific attention to biomaterials, disease detection, surgical guidance, treatment monitoring, and tissue assessment - fields that greatly benefit from non-invasive methodologies capable of continuous, in vivo characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared M Campbell
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia
| | | | - Adnan Agha
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia
| | - Shannon Handley
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia
| | - Aline Knab
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia
| | - Ayad G Anwer
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia
| | - Akanksha Bhargava
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia
| | - Ewa M Goldys
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia
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17
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Kang JB, Koh PO. Retinoic acid alleviates the reduction of Akt and Bad phosphorylation and regulates Bcl-2 family protein interactions in animal models of ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303213. [PMID: 38753710 PMCID: PMC11098415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke causes a lack of oxygen and glucose supply to brain, eventually leads to severe neurological disorders. Retinoic acid is a major metabolic product of vitamin A and has various biological effects. The PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is an important survival pathway in brain. Phosphorylated Akt is important in regulating survival and apoptosis. We examined whether retinoic acid has neuroprotective effects in stroke model by regulating Akt and its downstream protein, Bad. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between retinoic acid and Bcl-2 family protein interactions. Animals were intraperitoneally administered vehicle or retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) for four days before surgery and ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. Neurobehavioral tests were performed 24 h after MCAO and cerebral cortical tissues were collected. Cresyl violet staining and TUNEL histochemistry were performed, Western blot and immunoprecipitation analysis were performed to elucidate the expression of various proteins. Retinoic acid reduced neurological deficits and histopathological changes, decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells, and alleviated reduction of phospho-PDK1, phospho-Akt, and phospho-Bad expression caused by MCAO damage. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that MCAO damage reduced the interaction between phospho-Bad and 14-3-3, which was attenuated by retinoic acid. Furthermore, retinoic acid mitigated the increase in Bcl-2/Bad and Bcl-xL/Bad binding levels and the reduction in Bcl-2/Bax and Bcl-xL/Bax binding levels caused by MCAO damage. Retinoic acid alleviated MCAO-induced increase of caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 expression. We demonstrate that retinoic acid prevented apoptosis against cerebral ischemia through phosphorylation of Akt and Bad, maintenance of phospho-Bad and 14-3-3 binding, and regulation of Bcl-2 family protein interactions. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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18
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Singh A, Tiwari S, Singh S. Pirh2 modulates the mitochondrial function and cytochrome c-mediated neuronal death during Alzheimer's disease. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:331. [PMID: 38740775 PMCID: PMC11091053 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Pirh2 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase known to regulate the DNA damage responses through ubiquitylation of various participating signaling factors. DNA damage is a key pathological contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD), therefore, the role of Pirh2 was investigated in streptozotocin and oligomer Aβ1-42 induced rodent experimental model of AD. Pirh2 protein abundance increased during AD conditions, and transient silencing of Pirh2 inhibited the disease-specific pathological markers like level of p-Tau, βamyloid, acetylcholinesterase activity, and neuronal death. Biochemically, Pirh2 silencing significantly attenuated the oxidative stress, depleted mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c translocation from mitochondria to cytosol, and depleted mitochondrial complex-I activity, and ATP level. Pirh2 silencing also inhibited the altered level of VDAC1, hsp75, hexokinase1, t-Bid, caspase-9, and altered level of apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bax). MALDI-TOF/TOF, co-immunoprecipitation, and UbcH13-linked ubiquitylation assay confirmed the interaction of Pirh2 with cytochrome c and the role of Pirh2 in ubiquitylation of cytochrome c, along with Pirh2-dependent altered proteasome activity. Additionally, Pirh2 silencing further inhibited the translocation of mitochondrion-specific endonuclease G and apoptosis-inducing factors to the nucleus and DNA damage. In conclusion, findings suggested the significant implication of Pirh2 in disease pathogenesis, particularly through impaired mitochondrial function, including biochemical alterations, translocation of cytochrome c, endonuclease G and apoptosis-inducing factor, DNA damage, and neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shubhangini Tiwari
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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19
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Szczesny-Malysiak E, Bartkowiak A, Dybas J. Label-free tracking of cytochrome C oxidation state in live cells by resonance Raman imaging. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38740560 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Free interconversion of cytochrome C (CytC) between native ferrous (Cyt-FeII) and oxidized ferric (CytC-FeIII) states is necessary to maintain the respiratory function of mitochondria. Disturbances in CytC-FeIII to total CytC ratio may indicate mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Thus, tracking CytC oxidation state delivers important information about cellular physiology. In this work, we propose a novel methodology based on resonance Raman (rR) imaging optimized uniquely to track and qualitatively analyze the transition of Cyt-FeII to CytC-FeIII within live cells without affecting their morphology. None of the commonly used excitation lines allows such clear-cut differentiation, contrary to the 405 nm applied in this work. The presented methodology provides a novel pathway in the label-free detection of ferrous and ferric heme proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szczesny-Malysiak
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Amanda Bartkowiak
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub Dybas
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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20
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Hu Y, Li Q, Qian Z, BeiXiao, Luo K, Luo N. Joint Analysis of Genome-wide DNA Methylation and Transcription Sequencing Identifies the Role of BAX Gene in Heat Stress-Induced-Sertoli Cells Apoptosis. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1311-1322. [PMID: 38180610 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The problem of male infertility is a global health crisis and poses a serious threat to the well-being of families. Under heat stress (HS), the reduction of Sertoli cells (SCs) inhibits energy transport and nutrient supply to germ cells, leading to spermatogenesis failure. DNA methylation of genes is a central epigenetic regulatory mechanism in mammalian reproduction. However, it remains unclear how DNA methylation regulates gene expression in heat-stressed SCs. In this study, we investigated whether the decrease in SC levels during HS could be related to epigenetic DNA modifications. The cells exposed to HS showed changes in differential methylation cytosines and regions (DMCs/DMRs) and differential expression genes (DEGs), but not in global DNA methylations. One of the most important biological processes affected by HS is cell apoptosis induced by the intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO: 2,001,244, P < 0.05) by enrichment in the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The joint analysis showed that several gene expressions in RNA-seq and WGBS overlapped and the shortlisted genes BAX, HSPH1, HSF1B, and BAG were strongly correlated with stress response and apoptosis. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and flow cytometry (FCM) analyzes showed that reduced promoter methylation and enhanced gene expression of BAX with a consequence of apoptosis. The activity of BAX, as well as an increase in its expression, is likely to result in a reduction of SCs population which could further impair ATP supply and adversely affect membrane integrity. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms through which stressors cause male reproductive dysfunction and a new molecular etiology of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - QingHan Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - ZhengLi Qian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - BeiXiao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - KeYan Luo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - NanJian Luo
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
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21
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Pasha R, Bashir B, Omed D, Adam S, Kamath A, Elhofy A, Ferdousi M, Azmi S, Soran H. Impact of Lipid-lowering Therapy on Cancer Risk: A Narrative Review. Clin Ther 2024; 46:411-419. [PMID: 38744540 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are inconsistent reports of an association between low cholesterol, use of lipid-lowering agents, and carcinogenesis. The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between cancer, lipids, statin use, and use of other lipid-lowering therapies. METHODS This comprehensive literature review incorporated article searches in electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, OVID) and reference lists of relevant articles, with the authors' expertise in lipidology. This review considered seminal and novel research looking at the relationship between cholesterol, lipid-lowering therapies, and cancer. FINDINGS Statin use has been reported to reduce the risk for incident cancer or progression of cancer; however, it is unknown whether this reduced risk of carcinogenesis is due to the pleotropic properties of statins or the effects of low cholesterol. The effect of ezetimibe on carcinogenesis has been regarded as neutral, despite earlier concerns of increased cancer risk with its use. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin (PCSK)-9 monoclonal antibodies have been shown to have a neutral effect on carcinogenesis. Despite anti-cancer effects of fibrates in vitro, studies in humans have yielded inconsistent outcomes leaning toward protection against the development and progression of cancer. IMPLICATIONS Statins, fibrates, PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies, and ezetimibe have a neutral effect on cancer risk, and the first three may provide some protection. PSCK9 monoclonal antibodies have the potential to enhance the response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy for cancer. Further research is needed to determine which drugs can be issued in adjuvant therapy to improve outcomes in patients undergoing cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raabya Pasha
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bilal Bashir
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Diya Omed
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Kurdistan, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Safwaan Adam
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anoushka Kamath
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Elhofy
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Ferdousi
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Shazli Azmi
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Handrean Soran
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Manchester, United Kingdom; Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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22
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Suthar JK, Vaidya A, Ravindran S. Size, Surface Properties, and Ion Release of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Effects on Cytotoxicity, Dopaminergic Gene Expression, and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition in Neuronal PC-12 Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2254-2271. [PMID: 37713055 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The extensive applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have resulted in a substantial risk of human exposure. However, the knowledge of the toxicity of these NPs in the nervous system is still limited. A comparative analysis of ZnO NPs of various sizes and NPs of the same size, with and without surface coating, and the potential role of released zinc ions is yet to be thoroughly explored. As a result, we have studied the cellular toxicity of two different-sized ZnO NPs, ZnO-22 (22 nm) and ZnO-43 (43 nm), and NPs with similar size but with polyvinylpyrrolidone coating (ZnO-P, 45 nm). The findings from our study suggested a time-, size-, and surface coating-dependent cytotoxicity in PC-12 cells at a concentration ≥ 10 μg/ml. ZnO NP treatment significantly elevated reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, thereby increasing oxidative stress. The exposure of ZnO-22 and ZnO-43 significantly upregulated the expression of monoamine oxidase-A and downregulated the α-synuclein gene expression associated with the dopaminergic system. The interaction of NPs enzymes in the nervous system is also hazardous. Therefore, the inhibition activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme was also studied for its interaction with these NPs, and the results indicated a dose-dependent inhibition of enzyme activity. Particle size, coating, and cellular interactions modulate ZnO NP's cytotoxicity; smaller sizes enhance cellular uptake and reactivity, while coating reduces cytotoxicity by limiting direct cell contact and potentially mitigating oxidative stress. Furthermore, the study of released zinc ions from the NPs suggested no significant contribution to the observed cytotoxicity compared to the NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar Suthar
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune, India
| | - Anuradha Vaidya
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune, India
| | - Selvan Ravindran
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune, India.
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23
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Hurtado K, Scholpa NE, Schnellmann JG, Schnellmann RG. Serotonin regulation of mitochondria in kidney diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107154. [PMID: 38521286 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Serotonin, while conventionally recognized as a neurotransmitter in the CNS, has recently gained attention for its role in the kidney. Specifically, serotonin is not only synthesized in the kidney, but it also regulates glomerular function, vascular resistance, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Because of serotonin's importance to mitochondrial health, this review is focused on the role of serotonin and its receptors in mitochondrial function in the context of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and diabetic kidney disease, all of which are characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and none of which has approved pharmacological treatments. Evidence indicates that activation of certain serotonin receptors can stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) and restore mitochondrial homeostasis, resulting in improved renal function. Serotonin receptor agonists that induce MB are therefore of interest as potential therapeutic strategies for renal injury and disease. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with many human renal diseases such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and diabetic kidney disease, which are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, none of these pathologies has an FDA-approved pharmacological intervention, underscoring the urgency of identifying new therapeutics for such disorders. Studies show that induction of mitochondrial biogenesis via serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptors reduces kidney injury markers, restores mitochondrial and renal function after kidney injury, and decreases mortality, suggesting that targeting 5-HT receptors may be a promising therapeutic avenue for mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney diseases. While numerous reviews describe the importance of mitochondria and mitochondrial quality control mechanisms in kidney disease, the relevance of 5-HT receptor-mediated mitochondrial metabolic modulation in the kidney has yet to be thoroughly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Hurtado
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Natalie E Scholpa
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States; Southern VA Healthcare System, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States; Southern VA Healthcare System, Tucson, AZ, United States; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States; Southwest Environmental Health Science Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States; Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
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24
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Rashid Z, Nabi A, Nabi N, Lateef I, Nisa Q, Fayaz T, Gulzar G, Bashir A, Shah MD, Zargar SM, Khan I, Nahvi AI, Itoo H, Shah RA, Padder BA. Selection of stable reference genes for qPCR expression of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the bean anthracnose pathogen. Fungal Biol 2024; 128:1771-1779. [PMID: 38796261 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Phaseolus vulgaris L., commonly known as the common bean, is a highly nutritious crop often called the "poor man's meat". However, it is susceptible to various diseases throughout the cropping season, with anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum being a significant threat that leads to substantial losses. There is still a lack of understanding about the molecular basis of C. lindemuthianum pathogenicity. The first step in understanding this is to identify pathogenicity genes that express more during infection of common beans. A reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) method can be used for virulence gene expression. However, this approach requires selecting appropriate reference genes to normalize relative gene expression data. Currently, there is no reference gene available for C. lindemuthianum. In this study, we selected eight candidate reference genes from the available genome of C. lindemuthianum to bridge the gap. These genes were ACT (Actin), β-tub (β-tubulin), EF (Elongation Factor), Cyt C (Cytochrome C), His H3 (Histone H3), CHS1 (Chitin synthetase), GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) and abfA (Alpha-l-Arabinofuranosidase A). The primers for these candidate reference genes were able to amplify cDNA only from the pathogen, demonstrating their specificity. The qPCR efficiency of the primers ranged from 80% to 103%. We analyzed the stability of gene expression in C. lindemuthianum by exposing the mycelium to nine different stress conditions. We employed algorithms, such as GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder tools, to identify the most stable gene. The analysis using these tools revealed that EF, GAPDH, and β-tub most stable genes, while ACT and CHS1 showed relatively low expression stability. A large number of potential effector genes have been identified through bioinformatics analysis in C. lindemuthianum. The stable genes for qPCR (EF and GAPDH) discovered in this study will aid the scientific community in determining the relative expression of C. lindemuthianum effector genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Rashid
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Aasiya Nabi
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Naziya Nabi
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Irtifa Lateef
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Qadrul Nisa
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Tabia Fayaz
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Gazala Gulzar
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Adfar Bashir
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - M D Shah
- Research Center for Residue and Quality Control Analysis, SKUAST-Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Sajad M Zargar
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Imran Khan
- Division of Agricultural Statistics, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Afsah Iqbal Nahvi
- Extension Training Centre, Malangpora, Pulwama, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - H Itoo
- Ambri Apple Research Centre, Pahnoo, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Rafiq A Shah
- Ambri Apple Research Centre, Pahnoo, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Bilal A Padder
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India.
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25
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Kim KH, Lee CB. Socialized mitochondria: mitonuclear crosstalk in stress. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1033-1042. [PMID: 38689084 PMCID: PMC11148012 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, mitochondria are considered sites of energy production. However, recent studies have suggested that mitochondria are signaling organelles that are involved in intracellular interactions with other organelles. Remarkably, stressed mitochondria appear to induce a beneficial response that restores mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis. These mitochondrial stress-centered signaling pathways have been rapidly elucidated in multiple organisms. In this review, we examine current perspectives on how mitochondria communicate with the rest of the cell, highlighting mitochondria-to-nucleus (mitonuclear) communication under various stresses. Our understanding of mitochondria as signaling organelles may provide new insights into disease susceptibility and lifespan extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwa Kim
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 840 Hadan-dong, Saha-gu, Busan, 49315, Korea.
| | - Cho Bi Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 840 Hadan-dong, Saha-gu, Busan, 49315, Korea
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26
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Aryal S, Chen S, Burbach KF, Yang Y, Capano LS, Kim WK, Bragg DC, Yoo A. SAK3 confers neuroprotection in the neurodegeneration model of X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4068432. [PMID: 38746402 PMCID: PMC11092809 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4068432/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Background X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism(XDP) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder that results in the loss of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). XDP is associated with disease-specific mutations in and around the TAF1 gene. This study highlights the utility of directly reprogrammed MSNs from fibroblasts of affected XDP individuals as a platform that captures cellular and epigenetic phenotypes associated with XDP-related neurodegeneration. In addition, the current study demonstrates the neuroprotective effect of SAK3 currently tested in other neurodegenerative diseases. Methods XDP fibroblasts from three independent patients as well as age- and sex-matched control fibroblasts were used to generate MSNs by direct neuronal reprogramming using miRNA-9/9*-124 and thetranscription factors CTIP2 , DLX1 -P2A- DLX2 , and MYT1L . Neuronal death, DNA damage, and mitochondrial health assays were carried out to assess the neurodegenerative state of directly reprogrammed MSNs from XDP patients (XDP-MSNs). RNA sequencing and ATAC sequencing were performed to infer changes in the transcriptomic and chromatin landscapesof XDP-MSNs compared to those of control MSNs (Ctrl-MSNs). Results Our results show that XDP patient fibroblasts can be successfully reprogrammed into MSNs and XDP-MSNs display several degenerative phenotypes, including neuronal death, DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction, compared to Ctrl-MSNs reprogrammed from age- and sex-matched control individuals' fibroblasts. In addition, XDP-MSNs showed increased vulnerability to TNFα -toxicity compared to Ctrl-MSNs. To dissect the altered cellular state in XDP-MSNs, we conducted transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses using RNA- and ATAC-seq. Our results indicate that pathways related to neuronal function, calcium signaling, and genes related to other neurodegenerative diseases are commonly altered in XDP-MSNs from multiple patients. Interestingly, we found that SAK3, a T-type calcium channel activator, that may have therapeutic values in other neurodegenerative disorders, protected XDP-MSNs from neuronal death. Notably, we found that SAK3-mediated alleviation of neurodegeneration in XDP-MSNs was accompanied by gene expression changes toward Ctrl-MSNs.
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27
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Min T, Lee SH, Lee S. Angiogenesis and Apoptosis: Data Comparison of Similar Microenvironments in the Corpus Luteum and Tumors. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1118. [PMID: 38612357 PMCID: PMC11011057 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine gland formed in the ovary after ovulation, and it plays a critical role in animal reproductive processes. Tumors rely on the development of an adequate blood supply to ensure the delivery of nutrients and oxygen and the removal of waste products. While angiogenesis occurs in various physiological and pathological contexts, the corpus luteum and tumors share similarities in terms of the signaling pathways that promote angiogenesis. In the corpus luteum and tumors, apoptosis plays a crucial role in controlling cell numbers and ensuring proper tissue development and function. Interestingly, there are similarities between the apoptotic-regulated signaling pathways involved in apoptosis in the corpus luteum and tumors. However, the regulation of apoptosis in both can differ due to their distinct physiological and pathological characteristics. Thus, we reviewed the biological events of the corpus luteum and tumors in similar microenvironments of angiogenesis and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seunghyung Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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28
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Salama M, Ali A, Ibrahim FAR, Elabd S. Citalopram, an antipsychotic agent, induces G1/G0 phase cell cycle arrest and promotes apoptosis in human laryngeal carcinoma HEP-2 cells. Med Oncol 2024; 41:105. [PMID: 38573558 PMCID: PMC10994997 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02338-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Human laryngeal squamous carcinoma (LSCC) is a common malignant tumor in the head and neck. Despite the recently developed therapies for the treatment of LSCC, patients' overall survival rate still did not enhance remarkably; this highlights the need to formulate alternative strategies to develop novel treatments. The antitumor effects of antidepressant drugs such as citalopram have been reported on several cancer cells; however, they have yet to be investigated against LSCC. The current study was directed to explore the possible antitumor effects of citalopram on human laryngeal carcinoma cell lines (HEP-2). HEP-2 cells were cultured and treated with different doses of citalopram (50-400 µM) for 24, 48, and 72 h. The effects of citalopram on the viability of cancer cells were determined by the MTT assay. In addition, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis were performed by flow cytometry. Moreover, evaluation of the expression of proapoptotic and apoptotic proteins, such as cytochrome c, cleaved caspases 3 and 9, Bcl-2, and BAX, was performed by western blotting analysis. Our results revealed that citalopram significantly suppressed the proliferation of HEP-2 cells through the upregulation of p21 expression, resulting in the subsequent arrest of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, citalopram treatment-induced HEP-2 cell apoptosis; this was indicated by the significant increase of cytochrome c, cleaved caspases 3 and 9, and BAX protein expression. On the contrary, Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly downregulated following treatment with citalopram. The ultrastructure studies were in accordance with the protein expression findings and showed clear signs of apoptosis with ring chromatin condensation upon treatment with citalopram. These findings suggest that citalopram's anti-tumor activities on HEP-2 cells entailed stimulation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which was mediated via Bcl-2 suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salama
- Department of Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horeya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Abeer Ali
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fawziya A R Ibrahim
- Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Seham Elabd
- Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
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He S, Tian B, Cao H, Wang M, Cai D, Wu Y, Yang Q, Ou X, Sun D, Zhang S, Mao S, Zhao X, Huang J, Zhu D, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Cheng A. CCCP inhibits DPV infection in DEF cells by attenuating DPV manipulated ROS, apoptosis, and mitochondrial stability. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103446. [PMID: 38377689 PMCID: PMC10891340 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Duck plague virus (DPV) is extremely infectious and lethal, so antiviral drugs are urgently needed. Our previous study shows that DPV infection with duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) changes and promotes apoptosis. In this study, we tested the antiviral effect of the carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), a common mitochondrial autophagy inducer. Our results demonstrated a dose-dependent anti-DPV effect of CCCP, CCCP-treatment blocked the intercellular transmission of DPV after infection, and we also proved that CCCP could have an antiviral effect up to 48 hpi. The addition of CCCP reversed the DPV-induced ROS changes, CCCP can inhibit virus-induced apoptosis; meanwhile, CCCP can affect mitochondrial fusion and activate mitophagy to inhibit DPV. In conclusion, CCCP can be an effective antiviral candidate against DPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi He
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Bin Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Dongjie Cai
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Di Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Sai Mao
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - XinXin Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Juan Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Shun Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu City, 611130, PR China; Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, PR China.
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Zhou Z, Arroum T, Luo X, Kang R, Lee YJ, Tang D, Hüttemann M, Song X. Diverse functions of cytochrome c in cell death and disease. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:387-404. [PMID: 38521844 PMCID: PMC11043370 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The redox-active protein cytochrome c is a highly positively charged hemoglobin that regulates cell fate decisions of life and death. Under normal physiological conditions, cytochrome c is localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, and its distribution can extend to the cytosol, nucleus, and extracellular space under specific pathological or stress-induced conditions. In the mitochondria, cytochrome c acts as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain, facilitating adenosine triphosphate synthesis, regulating cardiolipin peroxidation, and influencing reactive oxygen species dynamics. Upon cellular stress, it can be released into the cytosol, where it interacts with apoptotic peptidase activator 1 (APAF1) to form the apoptosome, initiating caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death. Additionally, following exposure to pro-apoptotic compounds, cytochrome c contributes to the survival of drug-tolerant persister cells. When translocated to the nucleus, it can induce chromatin condensation and disrupt nucleosome assembly. Upon its release into the extracellular space, cytochrome c may act as an immune mediator during cell death processes, highlighting its multifaceted role in cellular biology. In this review, we explore the diverse structural and functional aspects of cytochrome c in physiological and pathological responses. We summarize how posttranslational modifications of cytochrome c (e.g., phosphorylation, acetylation, tyrosine nitration, and oxidation), binding proteins (e.g., HIGD1A, CHCHD2, ITPR1, and nucleophosmin), and mutations (e.g., G41S, Y48H, and A51V) affect its function. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the latest advanced technologies utilized for detecting cytochrome c, along with potential therapeutic approaches related to this protein. These strategies hold tremendous promise in personalized health care, presenting opportunities for targeted interventions in a wide range of conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan Zhou
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Tasnim Arroum
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Xu Luo
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yong J Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Xinxin Song
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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31
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Torp MK, Stensløkken KO, Vaage J. When Our Best Friend Becomes Our Worst Enemy: The Mitochondrion in Trauma, Surgery, and Critical Illness. J Intensive Care Med 2024:8850666241237715. [PMID: 38505947 DOI: 10.1177/08850666241237715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Common for major surgery, multitrauma, sepsis, and critical illness, is a whole-body inflammation. Tissue injury is able to trigger a generalized inflammatory reaction. Cell death causes release of endogenous structures termed damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that initiate a sterile inflammation. Mitochondria are evolutionary endosymbionts originating from bacteria, containing molecular patterns similar to bacteria. These molecular patterns are termed mitochondrial DAMPs (mDAMPs). Mitochondrial debris released into the extracellular space or into the circulation is immunogenic and damaging secondary to activation of the innate immune system. In the circulation, released mDAMPS are either free or exist in extracellular vesicles, being able to act on every organ and cell in the body. However, the role of mDAMPs in trauma and critical care is not fully clarified. There is a complete lack of knowledge how they may be counteracted in patients. Among mDAMPs are mitochondrial DNA, cardiolipin, N-formyl peptides, cytochrome C, adenosine triphosphate, reactive oxygen species, succinate, and mitochondrial transcription factor A. In this overview, we present the different mDAMPs, their function, release, targets, and inflammatory potential. In light of present knowledge, the role of mDAMPs in the pathophysiology of major surgery and trauma as well as sepsis, and critical care is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Kristin Torp
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway
| | - Kåre-Olav Stensløkken
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jarle Vaage
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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32
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Sarkar A, Sarkhel S, Bisht D, Jaiswal A. Cationic dextrin nanoparticles for effective intracellular delivery of cytochrome C in cancer therapy. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:249-261. [PMID: 38456040 PMCID: PMC10915965 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00090g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular protein delivery shows promise as a selective and specific approach to cancer therapy. However, a major challenge is posed by delivering proteins into the target cells. Despite the development of nanoparticle (NP)-based approaches, a versatile and biocompatible delivery system that can deliver active therapeutic cargo into the cytosol while escaping endosome degradation remains elusive. In order to overcome these challenges, a polymeric nanocarrier was prepared using cationic dextrin (CD), a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, to encapsulate and deliver cytochrome C (Cyt C), a therapeutic protein. The challenge of endosomal escape of the nanoparticles was addressed by co-delivering the synthesized NP construct with chloroquine, which enhances the endosomal escape of the therapeutic protein. No toxicity was observed for both CD NPs and chloroquine at the concentration tested in this study. Spectroscopic investigations confirmed that the delivered protein, Cyt C, was structurally and functionally active. Additionally, the delivered Cyt C was able to induce apoptosis by causing depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane in HeLa cells, as evidenced by flow cytometry and microscopic observations. Our findings demonstrate that an engineered delivery system using CD NPs is a promising platform in nanomedicine for protein delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sarkar
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Kamand Mandi 175075 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Sanchita Sarkhel
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Kamand Mandi 175075 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Deepali Bisht
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Kamand Mandi 175075 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Amit Jaiswal
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Kamand Mandi 175075 Himachal Pradesh India
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33
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Sedky NK, Mahdy NK, Abdel-Kader NM, Abdelhady MMM, Maged M, Allam AL, Alfaifi MY, Shamma SN, Hassan HAFM, Fahmy SA. Facile sonochemically-assisted bioengineering of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and deciphering their potential in treating breast and lung cancers: biological, molecular, and computational-based investigations. RSC Adv 2024; 14:8583-8601. [PMID: 38487521 PMCID: PMC10938292 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08908h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining sonochemistry with phytochemistry is a modern trend in the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), which contributes to the sustainability of chemical processes and minimizes hazardous effects. Herein, titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs were bioengineered using a novel and facile ultrasound-assisted approach utilizing the greenly extracted essential oil of Ocimum basilicum. FTIR and UV-Vis spectrophotometry were used to confirm the formation of TiO2 NPs. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the crystalline nature of TiO2 NPs. TEM analysis revealed the spherical morphology of the NPs with sizes ranging from 5.55 to 13.89 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) confirmed the purity of the greenly synthesized NPs. TiO2 NPs demonstrated outstanding antitumor activity against breast (MCF-7) and lung (A-549) cancer cells with estimated IC50 values of 1.73 and 4.79 μg mL-1. The TiO2 NPs were cytocompatible to normal cells (MCF-10A) with a selectivity index (SI) of 8.77 for breast and 3.17 for lung cancer. Biological assays revealed a promising potential for TiO2 NPs to induce apoptosis and arrest cells at the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle phase in both cancer cell lines. Molecular investigations showed the ability of TiO2 NPs to increase apoptotic genes' expression (Bak and Bax) and their profound ability to elevate the expression of apoptotic proteins (caspases 3 and 7). Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding interactions for TiO2 NPs with caspase 3 and EGFR-TK targets. In conclusion, the greenly synthesized TiO2 NPs exhibited potent antitumor activity and mitochondrion-based cell death against breast and lung cancer cell lines while maintaining cytocompatibility against normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada K Sedky
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation R5 New Garden City, New Administrative Capital Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Noha Khalil Mahdy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Nour M Abdel-Kader
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation R5 New Garden City, New Administrative Capital Cairo 11835 Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Manal M M Abdelhady
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University Cairo 11829 Egypt
| | - Mohamad Maged
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Nile University Giza Egypt
| | - Aya L Allam
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation New Administrative Capital Egypt
| | - Mohammad Y Alfaifi
- King Khalid University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department Abha 9004 Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir N Shamma
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74 New Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Hatem A F M Hassan
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation New Administrative Capital Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University 11562 Cairo Egypt
| | - Sherif Ashraf Fahmy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation R5 New Garden City, New Capital Cairo 11835 Egypt +20-1222613344
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Liu Y, Sun Z, Sun Q, Wang L, Wang C, Li Y, Ma C, Shi W, Zhang G, Dong Y, Zhang X, Cong B. The effects of restraint stress on ceramide metabolism disorders in the rat liver: the role of CerS6 in hepatocyte injury. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:68. [PMID: 38431645 PMCID: PMC10908211 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is implicated in various pathological conditions leading to liver injury. Existing evidence suggests that excessive stress can induce mitochondrial damage in hepatocytes, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6)-derived C16:0 ceramide is recognised as a lipotoxic substance capable of causing mitochondrial damage. However, the role of CerS6 in stress has received insufficient attention. This study aimed to explore the involvement of CerS6 in stress-induced hepatic damage and its associated mechanisms. METHODS The rat restraint stress model and a corticosterone (CORT)-induced hepatocyte stress model were employed for in vivo and in vitro experimental analyses, respectively. Changes in mitochondrial damage and ceramide metabolism in hepatocytes induced by stress were evaluated. The impact of CORT on mitochondrial damage and ceramide metabolism in hepatocytes was assessed following CerS6 knockdown. Mitochondria were isolated using a commercial kit, and ceramides in liver tissue and hepatocytes were detected by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS In comparison to the control group, rats subjected to one week of restraint exhibited elevated serum CORT levels. The liver displayed significant signs of mitochondrial damage, accompanied by increased CerS6 and mitochondrial C16:0 ceramide, along with activation of the AMPK/p38 MAPK pathway. In vitro studies demonstrated that CORT treatment of hepatocytes resulted in mitochondrial damage, concomitant with elevated CerS6 and mitochondrial C16:0 ceramide. Furthermore, CORT induced sequential phosphorylation of AMPK and p38 MAPK proteins, and inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway using SB203580 mitigated the CORT-induced elevation in CerS6 protein. Knocking down CerS6 in hepatocytes inhibited both the increase in C16:0 ceramide and the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c induced by CORT. CONCLUSIONS CerS6-associated C16:0 ceramide plays a mediating role in stress-induced mitochondrial damage in hepatocytes. The molecular mechanism is linked to CORT-induced activation of the AMPK/p38 MAPK pathway, leading to upregulated CerS6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichang Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- Department of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Zhaoling Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Qiuli Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yingmin Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Chunling Ma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Weibo Shi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- Hebei Province Laboratory of Experimental Animal, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yiming Dong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
| | - Bin Cong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- Hainan Tropical Forensic Medicine Academician Workstation, Haikou, 571199, China.
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Pan E, Xin Y, Li X, Ping K, Li X, Sun Y, Xu X, Dong J. Immunoprotective effect of silybin through blocking p53-driven caspase-9-Apaf-1-Cyt c complex formation and immune dysfunction after difenoconazole exposure in carp spleen. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:19396-19408. [PMID: 38358624 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
As a broad-spectrum and efficient triazole fungicide, difenoconazole is widely used, which not only pollutes the environment but also exerts toxic effects on non-target organisms. The spleen plays an important role in immune protection as an important secondary lymphoid organ in carp. In this study, we assessed the protective impact of silybin as a dietary additive on spleen tissues of carp during exposure to difenoconazole. Sixty carp were separated into four groups for this investigation including control group, difenoconazole group, silybin group, and silybin and difenoconazole group. By hematoxylin-eosin staining, dihydroethidium staining, immunohistochemical staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay, quantitative real-time PCR assay, Western blot analysis, biochemical assays, and immune function indicator assays, we found that silybin could prevent difenoconazole-induced spleen tissue damage, oxidative stress, and immune dysfunction, and inhibited apoptosis of carp spleen tissue cells by suppressing the formation of p53-driven caspase-9-apoptotic protease activating factor-1-cytochrome C complex. The results suggested that silybin as a dietary additive could improve spleen tissue damage and immune dysfunction induced by difenoconazole in aquaculture carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzhuang Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yue Xin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xueqing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Kaixin Ping
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xuhui Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Marine Pharmaceutical Resources Development Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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Küçükler S, Çelik O, Özdemir S, Aydın Ş, Çomaklı S, Dalkılınç E. Effects of rutin against deltamethrin-induced testicular toxicity in rats: Biochemical, molecular, and pathological studies. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114562. [PMID: 38432437 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Orhan Çelik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Selçuk Özdemir
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Şeyma Aydın
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Elif Dalkılınç
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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Klinnert S, Schenkel CD, Freitag PC, Günthard HF, Plückthun A, Metzner KJ. Targeted shock-and-kill HIV-1 gene therapy approach combining CRISPR activation, suicide gene tBid and retargeted adenovirus delivery. Gene Ther 2024; 31:74-84. [PMID: 37558852 PMCID: PMC10940146 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-023-00413-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Infections with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are incurable due the long-lasting, latent viral reservoir. The shock-and-kill cure approach aims to activate latent proviruses in HIV-1 infected cells and subsequently kill these cells with strategies such as therapeutic vaccines or immune enhancement. Here, we combined the dCas9-VPR CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) system with gRNA-V, the truncated Bid (tBid)-based suicide gene strategy and CD3-retargeted adenovirus (Ad) delivery vectors, in an all-in-one targeted shock-and-kill gene therapy approach to achieve specific elimination of latently HIV-1 infected cells. Simultaneous transduction of latently HIV-1 infected J-Lat 10.6 cells with a CD3-retargeted Ad-CRISPRa-V and Ad-tBid led to a 57.7 ± 17.0% reduction of productively HIV-1 infected cells and 2.4-fold ± 0.25 increase in cell death. The effective activation of latent HIV-1 provirus by Ad-CRISPRa-V was similar to the activation control TNF-α. The strictly HIV-1 dependent and non-leaky killing by tBid could be demonstrated. Furthermore, the high transduction efficiencies of up to 70.8 ± 0.4% by the CD3-retargeting technology in HIV-1 latently infected cell lines was the basis of successful shock-and-kill. This novel targeted shock-and-kill all-in-one gene therapy approach has the potential to safely and effectively eliminate HIV-1 infected cells in a highly HIV-1 and T cell specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Klinnert
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corinne D Schenkel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick C Freitag
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Huldrych F Günthard
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karin J Metzner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Chahar D, Jha I, Arumugam J, Venkatesu P. Impact of Choline Hydroxide-Supported Magnetic Nanoparticles on Peroxidase Activity and Conformational Stability of Cytochrome c. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1135-1145. [PMID: 38262058 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has advanced significantly; however, little is known about the potential implications on human health-related issues, particularly blood carrying enzymes. Ionic liquids are also well-recognized for maintaining the structure and activity of enzymes. In this regard, we delineate a facile synthetic approach of preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) as well as choline hydroxide [CH][OH] ionic liquid (IL)-supported Fe3O4 NPs (Fe3O4-CHOH). This approach of combining magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with IL results in distinctive properties, which may offer enormous utility in the field of biomedical research due to the effortless separation of MNPs by an external magnetic field. Detailed characterization of MNPs including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out. The biomolecular interactions of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-CHOH NPs with cytochrome c (Cyt c) were studied in detail using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. From spectroscopic studies, it can be concluded that the secondary structure of Cyt c is more stable in the presence of Fe3O4-CHOH NPs than Fe3O4 NPs. The binding constant of Cyt c in the presence of MNPs was also calculated using the Benesi-Hildebrand equation. Furthermore, dynamic light scattering (DLS), ζ-potential, and microscopic studies were performed to study the interaction of Cyt c with MNPs. These studies provided evidence favoring the formation of bionanoconjugates of Cyt c with MNPs. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of Cyt c increases in the presence of both MNPs. The peroxidase activity of Cyt c in MNPs explicitly elucidates that the enzyme is preserved for a long time in the presence of Fe3O4-CHOH NPs. Later on, TEM and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were also performed to gather more information regarding the morphology of Cyt c in the presence of MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Chahar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Indrani Jha
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Jayamani Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
- Department of Sciences Program Chemistry, Manav Rachna University, Faridabad 121004, India
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Lukomska A, Theune WC, Frost MP, Xing J, Kearney A, Trakhtenberg EF. Upregulation of developmentally-downregulated miR-1247-5p promotes neuroprotection and axon regeneration in vivo. Neurosci Lett 2024; 823:137662. [PMID: 38286398 PMCID: PMC10923146 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Numerous micro-RNAs (miRNAs) affect neurodevelopment and neuroprotection, but potential roles of many miRNAs in regulating these processes are still unknown. Here, we used the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) central nervous system (CNS) projection neuron and optic nerve crush (ONC) injury model, to optimize a mature miRNA arm-specific quantification method for characterizing the developmental regulation of miR-1247-5p in RGCs, investigated whether injury affects its expression, and tested whether upregulating miR-1247-5p-mimic in RGCs promotes neuroprotection and axon regeneration. We found that, miR-1247-5p is developmentally-downregulated in RGCs, and is further downregulated after ONC. Importantly, RGC-specific upregulation of miR-1247-5p promoted neuroprotection and axon regeneration after injury in vivo. To gain insight into the underlying mechanisms, we analyzed by bulk-mRNA-seq embryonic and adult RGCs, along with adult RGCs transduced by miR-1247-5p-expressing viral vector, and identified developmentally-regulated cilial and mitochondrial biological processes, which were reinstated to their embryonic levels in adult RGCs by upregulation of miR-1247-5p. Since axon growth is also a developmentally-regulated process, in which mitochondrial dynamics play important roles, it is possible that miR-1247-5p promoted neuroprotection and axon regeneration through regulating mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Lukomska
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - William C Theune
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Matthew P Frost
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jian Xing
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Anja Kearney
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ephraim F Trakhtenberg
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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Mann J, Reznik E, Santer M, Fongheiser MA, Smith N, Hirschhorn T, Zandkarimi F, Soni RK, Dafré AL, Miranda-Vizuete A, Farina M, Stockwell BR. Ferroptosis inhibition by oleic acid mitigates iron-overload-induced injury. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:249-264.e7. [PMID: 37944523 PMCID: PMC10922137 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload, characterized by accumulation of iron in tissues, induces a multiorgan toxicity whose mechanisms are not fully understood. Using cultured cell lines, Caenorhabditis elegans, and mice, we found that ferroptosis occurs in the context of iron-overload-mediated damage. Exogenous oleic acid protected against iron-overload-toxicity in cell culture and Caenorhabditis elegans by suppressing ferroptosis. In mice, oleic acid protected against FAC-induced liver lipid peroxidation and damage. Oleic acid changed the cellular lipid composition, characterized by decreased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acyl phospholipids and decreased levels of ether-linked phospholipids. The protective effect of oleic acid in cells was attenuated by GW6471 (PPAR-α antagonist), as well as in Caenorhabditis elegans lacking the nuclear hormone receptor NHR-49 (a PPAR-α functional homologue). These results highlight ferroptosis as a driver of iron-overload-mediated damage, which is inhibited by oleic acid. This monounsaturated fatty acid represents a potential therapeutic approach to mitigating organ damage in iron overload individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Mann
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Eduard Reznik
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Melania Santer
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Mark A Fongheiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Nailah Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Tal Hirschhorn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Rajesh Kumar Soni
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alcir Luiz Dafré
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Miranda-Vizuete
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York. NY 10032, USA.
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41
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Mishra P, Sivakumar A, Johnson A, Pernaci C, Warden AS, El-Hachem LR, Hansen E, Badell-Grau RA, Khare V, Ramirez G, Gillette S, Solis AB, Guo P, Coufal N, Cherqui S. Gene editing improves endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contacts and unfolded protein response in Friedreich's ataxia iPSC-derived neurons. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1323491. [PMID: 38420191 PMCID: PMC10899513 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1323491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a multisystemic, autosomal recessive disorder caused by homozygous GAA expansion mutation in the first intron of frataxin (FXN) gene. FXN is a mitochondrial protein critical for iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis and deficiency impairs mitochondrial electron transport chain functions and iron homeostasis within the organelle. Currently, there is no effective treatment for FRDA. We have previously demonstrated that single infusion of wild-type hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) resulted in prevention of neurologic and cardiac complications of FRDA in YG8R mice, and rescue was mediated by FXN transfer from tissue engrafted, HSPC-derived microglia/macrophages to diseased neurons/myocytes. For a future clinical translation, we developed an autologous stem cell transplantation approach using CRISPR/Cas9 for the excision of the GAA repeats in FRDA patients' CD34+ HSPCs; this strategy leading to increased FXN expression and improved mitochondrial functions. The aim of the current study is to validate the efficiency and safety of our gene editing approach in a disease-relevant model. We generated a cohort of FRDA patient-derived iPSCs and isogenic lines that were gene edited with our CRISPR/Cas9 approach. iPSC derived FRDA neurons displayed characteristic apoptotic and mitochondrial phenotype of the disease, such as non-homogenous microtubule staining in neurites, increased caspase-3 expression, mitochondrial superoxide levels, mitochondrial fragmentation, and partial degradation of the cristae compared to healthy controls. These defects were fully prevented in the gene edited neurons. RNASeq analysis of FRDA and gene edited neurons demonstrated striking improvement in gene clusters associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the isogenic lines. Gene edited neurons demonstrated improved ER-calcium release, normalization of ER stress response gene, XBP-1, and significantly increased ER-mitochondrial contacts that are critical for functional homeostasis of both organelles, as compared to FRDA neurons. Ultrastructural analysis for these contact sites displayed severe ER structural damage in FRDA neurons, that was undetected in gene edited neurons. Taken together, these results represent a novel finding for disease pathogenesis showing dramatic ER structural damage in FRDA, validate the efficacy profile of our FXN gene editing approach in a disease relevant model, and support our approach as an effective strategy for therapeutic intervention for Friedreich's ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Mishra
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Anusha Sivakumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Avalon Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Carla Pernaci
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Anna S. Warden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Lilas Rony El-Hachem
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Emily Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Rafael A. Badell-Grau
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Veenita Khare
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Gabriela Ramirez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Sydney Gillette
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Angelyn B. Solis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nicole Coufal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Stephanie Cherqui
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Long S, Cao W, Qiu Y, Deng R, Liu J, Zhang L, Dong R, Liu F, Li S, Zhao H, Li N, Li K. The appearance of cytoplasmic cytochrome C precedes apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:157-172. [PMID: 37370257 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is an important process for organism development that functions to eliminate cell damage, maintain homeostasis, and remove obsolete tissues during morphogenesis. In mammals, apoptosis is accompanied by the release of cytochrome C (Cyt-c) from mitochondria to the cytoplasm. However, whether this process is conserved in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, remains controversial. In this study, we discovered that during the degradation of Drosophila salivary gland, the transcription of mitochondria apoptosis factors (MAPFs), Cyt-c, and death-associated APAF1-related killer (Dark) encoding genes are all upregulated antecedent to initiator and effector caspases encoding genes. The proteins Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 appear gradually in the cytoplasm during salivary gland degradation. Meanwhile, the Cyt-c protein colocates with mito-GFP, the marker indicating cytoplasmic mitochondria, and the change in mitochondrial membrane potential coincides with the appearance of Cyt-c in the cytoplasm. Moreover, impeding or promoting 20E-induced transcription factor E93 suppresses or enhances the staining of Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 in the cytoplasm of salivary gland, and accordingly decreases or increases the mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively. Our research provides evidence that cytoplasmic Cyt-c appears before apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation, shedding light on partial conserved mechanism in apoptosis between insects and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyu Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruohan Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lidan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renke Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haigang Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- ChemPartner PharmaTech Co., Ltd, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Tian W, Zhong W, Yang Z, Chen L, Lin S, Li Y, Wang Y, Yang P, Long X. Synthesis, characterization and discovery of multiple anticancer mechanisms of dibutyltin complexes based on salen-like ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 251:112434. [PMID: 38029537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel dibutyltin complexes based on salen-like ligands (S01-S03) were synthesized and characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectra,infrared spectra, 1H, 13C, and 119Sn nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution mass spectrometry, X-ray crystallography, and thermogravimetric analysis. Complex S03 had excellent anticancer activity in vitro (IC50 = 1.5 ± 0.2 μM in CAL-27 cell lines), which highly activated ROS expression levels and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Interestingly, complex S03 induced cancer cell death through multiple mechanisms (mitochondrial pathway, ER-stress pathway, and DNA damage pathway). This study reveals new mechanisms of organotin complexes and provides new insights into the development of organotin metal complexes as anticancer drugs in the future, and compounds with multiple anticancer mechanisms may be a new strategy for delaying or overcoming drug resistance to chemotherapy and target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Nanning 530201, China.
| | - Wen Zhong
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Zengyan Yang
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Shijie Lin
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Peilin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xing Long
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530201, China; Guangxi Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Nanning 530201, China
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Pan N, Xu H, Chen W, Liu Z, Liu Y, Huang T, Du S, Xu S, Zheng T, Zuo Z. Cyanobacterial VOCs β-ionone and β-cyclocitral poisoning Lemna turionifera by triggering programmed cell death. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123059. [PMID: 38042469 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
β-Ionone and β-cyclocitral are two typical components in cyanobacterial volatiles, which can poison aquatic plants and even cause death. To reveal the toxic mechanisms of the two compounds on aquatic plants through programmed cell death (PCD), the photosynthetic capacities, caspase-3-like activity, DNA fragmentation and ladders, as well as expression of the genes associated with PCD in Lemna turionifera were investigated in exposure to β-ionone (0.2 mM) and β-cyclocitral (0.4 mM) at lethal concentration. With prolonging the treatment time, L. turionifera fronds gradually died, and photosynthetic capacities gradually reduced and even disappeared at the 96th h. This demonstrated that the death process might be a PCD rather than a necrosis, due to the gradual loss of physiological activities. When L. turionifera underwent the death, caspase-3-like was activated after 3 h, and reached to the strongest activity at the 24th h. TUNEL-positive nuclei were detected after 12 h, and appeared in large numbers at the 48th h. The DNA was cleaved by Ca2+-dependent endonucleases and showed obviously ladders. In addition, the expression of 5 genes (TSPO, ERN1, CTSB, CYC, and ATR) positively related with PCD initiation was up-regulated, while the expression of 2 genes (RRM2 and TUBA) negatively related with PCD initiation was down-regulated. Therefore, β-ionone and β-cyclocitral can poison L. turionifera by adjusting related gene expression to trigger PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Haozhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Wangbo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yichi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Tianyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Siyi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Sun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Tiefeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zhaojiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Wang Y, Wang J, Tao SY, Liang Z, Xie R, Liu NN, Deng R, Zhang Y, Deng D, Jiang G. Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns: A new insight into metabolic inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3733. [PMID: 37823338 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of diabetes is accompanied by increased levels of inflammatory factors, also known as "metabolic inflammation", which runs through the whole process of the occurrence and development of the disease. Mitochondria, as the key site of glucose and lipid metabolism, is often accompanied by mitochondrial function damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Damaged mitochondria release pro-inflammatory factors through damage-related molecular patterns that activate inflammation pathways and reactions to oxidative stress, further aggravate metabolic disorders, and form a vicious circle. Currently, the pathogenesis of diabetes is still unclear, and clinical treatment focuses primarily on symptomatic intervention of the internal environment of disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism with limited clinical efficacy. The proinflammatory effect of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular pattern (mtDAMP) in T2DM provides a new research direction for exploring the pathogenesis and intervention targets of T2DM. Therefore, this review covers the most recent findings on the molecular mechanism and related signalling cascades of inflammation caused by mtDAMP in T2DM and discusses its pathogenic role of it in the pathological process of T2DM to search potential intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingwu Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Si-Yu Tao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Rong Xie
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Nan-Nan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruxue Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Urumqi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Urumqi, China
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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46
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You W, Knoops K, Boesten I, Berendschot TTJM, van Zandvoort MAMJ, Benedikter BJ, Webers CAB, Reutelingsperger CPM, Gorgels TGMF. A time window for rescuing dying retinal ganglion cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:88. [PMID: 38297331 PMCID: PMC10832163 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and death cause vision loss in patients with glaucoma. Regulated cell death, once initiated, is generally considered to be an irreversible process. Recently, we showed that, by timely removing the cell death stimulus, stressed neuronal PC12 cells can recover from phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, nuclear shrinkage, DNA damage, mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and retraction of neurites, all hallmarks of an activated cell death program. Whether the cell death process can be reversed in neurons of the central nervous system, like RGCs, is still unknown. Here, we studied reversibility of the activated cell death program in primary rat RGCs (prRGCs). METHODS prRGCs were exposed to ethanol (5%, vol/vol) to induce cell death. At different stages of the cell death process, ethanol was removed by washing and injured prRGCs were further cultured in fresh medium to see whether they recovered. The dynamics of single cells were monitored by high-resolution live-cell spinning disk microscopy. PS exposure, mitochondrial structure, membrane potential, and intracellular Ca2+ were revealed by annexin A5-FITC, Mito-tracker, TMRM, and Fluo 8-AM staining, respectively. The distribution of cytochrome c was investigated by immunofluorescence. The ultrastructure of mitochondria was studied by electron microscopy. RESULTS Analysis of temporal relationships between mitochondrial changes and PS exposure showed that fragmentation of the mitochondrial network and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential occurred before PS exposure. Mitochondrial changes proceeded caspase-independently, while PS exposure was caspase dependent. Interestingly, prRGCs recovered quickly from these mitochondrial changes but not from PS exposure at the plasma membrane. Correlative light and electron microscopy showed that stress-induced decrease in mitochondrial area, length and cristae number was reversible. Intracellular Ca2+ was elevated during this stage of reversible mitochondrial injury, but there was no sign of mitochondrial cytochrome c release. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that RGCs with impaired mitochondrial structure and function can fully recover if there is no mitochondrial cytochrome c release yet, and no PS is exposed at the plasma membrane. This finding indicates that there is a time window for rescuing dying or injured RGCs, by simply removing the cell death stimulus. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting You
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, 6229 HX, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
- Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Kèvin Knoops
- The Microscopy CORE lab, Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Boesten
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, 6229 HX, The Netherlands
| | - Tos T J M Berendschot
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, 6229 HX, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A M J van Zandvoort
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), Universitätsklinikum Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Birke J Benedikter
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, 6229 HX, The Netherlands
| | - Carroll A B Webers
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, 6229 HX, The Netherlands
| | - Chris P M Reutelingsperger
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands.
| | - Theo G M F Gorgels
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, 6229 HX, The Netherlands.
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Zhu J, Zhu J, Xie H, Tang J, Miao Y, Cai L, Hildebrandt P, Han XX. In Situ Raman Spectroscopy Reveals Cytochrome c Redox-Controlled Modulation of Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization That Triggers Apoptosis. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:370-377. [PMID: 38154104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The selective interaction of cytochrome c (Cyt c) with cardiolipin (CL) is involved in mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, an essential step for the release of apoptosis activators. The structural basis and modulatory mechanism are, however, poorly understood. Here, we report that Cyt c can induce CL peroxidation independent of reactive oxygen species, which is controlled by its redox states. The structural basis of the Cyt c-CL binding was unveiled by comprehensive spectroscopic investigation and mass spectrometry. The Cyt c-induced permeabilization and its effect on membrane collapse, pore formation, and budding are observed by confocal microscopy. Moreover, cytochrome c oxidase dysfunction is found to be associated with the initiation of Cyt c redox-controlled membrane permeabilization. These results verify the significance of a redox-dependent modulation mechanism at the early stage of apoptosis, which can be exploited for the design of cytochrome c oxidase-targeted apoptotic inducers in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jiangnan Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Han Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yu Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Linjun Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Peter Hildebrandt
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Xiao Xia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Malla A, Gupta S, Sur R. Glycolytic enzymes in non-glycolytic web: functional analysis of the key players. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-023-01213-5. [PMID: 38196050 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
To survive in the tumour microenvironment, cancer cells undergo rapid metabolic reprograming and adaptability. One of the key characteristics of cancer is increased glycolytic selectivity and decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Apart from ATP synthesis, glycolysis is also responsible for NADH regeneration and macromolecular biosynthesis, such as amino acid biosynthesis and nucleotide biosynthesis. This allows cancer cells to survive and proliferate even in low-nutrient and oxygen conditions, making glycolytic enzymes a promising target for various anti-cancer agents. Oncogenic activation is also caused by the uncontrolled production and activity of glycolytic enzymes. Nevertheless, in addition to conventional glycolytic processes, some glycolytic enzymes are involved in non-canonical functions such as transcriptional regulation, autophagy, epigenetic changes, inflammation, various signaling cascades, redox regulation, oxidative stress, obesity and fatty acid metabolism, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders, and hypoxia. The mechanisms underlying the non-canonical glycolytic enzyme activities are still not comprehensive. This review summarizes the current findings on the mechanisms fundamental to the non-glycolytic actions of glycolytic enzymes and their intermediates in maintaining the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avirup Malla
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Suvroma Gupta
- Department of Aquaculture Management, Khejuri college, West Bengal, Baratala, India.
| | - Runa Sur
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
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Martin SP, Leeman-Markowski BA. Proposed mechanisms of tau: relationships to traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1287545. [PMID: 38249745 PMCID: PMC10797726 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1287545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and epilepsy share proposed mechanisms of injury, including neuronal excitotoxicity, cascade signaling, and activation of protein biomarkers such as tau. Although tau is typically present intracellularly, in tauopathies, phosphorylated (p-) and hyper-phosphorylated (hp-) tau are released extracellularly, the latter leading to decreased neuronal stability and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Tau cleavage at particular sites increases susceptibility to hyper-phosphorylation, NFT formation, and eventual cell death. The relationship between tau and inflammation, however, is unknown. In this review, we present evidence for an imbalanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and inflammatory signaling pathways resulting in atypical p-tau, hp-tau and NFT formation. Further, we propose tau as a biomarker for neuronal injury severity in TBI, AD, and epilepsy. We present a hypothesis of tau phosphorylation as an initial acute neuroprotective response to seizures/TBI. However, if the underlying seizure pathology or TBI recurrence is not effectively treated, and the pathway becomes chronically activated, we propose a "tipping point" hypothesis that identifies a transition of tau phosphorylation from neuroprotective to injurious. We outline the role of amyloid beta (Aβ) as a "last ditch effort" to revert the cell to programmed death signaling, that, when fails, transitions the mechanism from injurious to neurodegenerative. Lastly, we discuss targets along these pathways for therapeutic intervention in AD, TBI, and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha P. Martin
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, United States
| | - Beth A. Leeman-Markowski
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, United States
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Hoyer AA, Klaeske K, Garnham J, Kiefer P, Salameh A, Witte K, Borger M, Dieterlen MT. Cyclosporine A-enhanced cardioplegia preserves mitochondrial basal respiration after ischemic arrest. Perfusion 2024; 39:36-44. [PMID: 34192950 DOI: 10.1177/02676591211025746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening plays a crucial role in cell death during ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Cyclosporine A (CsA) inhibits mPTP opening. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CsA treatment during cardioplegia on the mitochondrial function and cardiac IRI. METHODS Landrace pigs (52.9 ± 3.7 kg) were subjected to midline sternotomy, cardiopulmonary bypass at 34°C and 90 minutes of cardiac arrest. They received either a single shot of standard 4°C cold histidine-tryptophan-α-ketoglutarate (HTK)-Bretschneider solution (n = 11) or HTK-Bretschneider plus 1.2 mg/L CsA (histidine-tryptophan-α-ketoglutarate plus cyclosporine A (HTK/CsA); n = 11). During reperfusion global left-ventricular function was assessed and myocardial biopsies were harvested at baseline, during ischemia and 45 minutes following reperfusion. High-resolution respirometry and hydrogen peroxide production were measured. Immunohistochemical stainings for apoptosis-inducing factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α as well as a flow cytometry-based JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay were performed. RESULTS Hemodynamic parameters were comparable between both groups. The cytochrome C release (HTK: 930.3 ± 804.4 pg/mg, HTK/CsA: 699.7 ± 394.0 pg/mg, p = 0.457) as well as PGC1α content (HTK: 66.7%, HTK/CsA: 33.3%, p = 0.284) was lower in the HTK/CsA group. Respiratory measurements revealed that the oxygen flux under basal respiration was higher in the HTK/CsA group (8.2 ± 1.3 pmol·O2·s-1·mg-1·ww) than in the HTK group (3.8 ± 1.4 pmol·O2·s-1·mg-1·ww, p = 0.045). There were no significant differences regarding histological surrogates of apoptosis and necrosis. CONCLUSIONS Supplementing cardioplegic solutions with CsA enhances the basal mitochondrial respiration thereby exerting a cardioprotective effect and diminishing IRI-induced damage. CsA seems to preserve mitochondrial function via non-ROS related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro A Hoyer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Heart Center Leipzig, Helios Clinic, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Klaeske
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Heart Center Leipzig, Helios Clinic, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jack Garnham
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Philipp Kiefer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Heart Center Leipzig, Helios Clinic, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Aida Salameh
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Leipzig, Heart Center Leipzig, Helios Clinic, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Witte
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael Borger
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Heart Center Leipzig, Helios Clinic, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maja-Theresa Dieterlen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Leipzig, Heart Center Leipzig, Helios Clinic, Leipzig, Germany
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