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Egorova KS, Kibardin AV, Posvyatenko AV, Ananikov VP. Mechanisms of Biological Effects of Ionic Liquids: From Single Cells to Multicellular Organisms. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4679-4733. [PMID: 38621413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The review presents a detailed discussion of the evolving field studying interactions between ionic liquids (ILs) and biological systems. Originating from molten salt electrolytes to present multiapplication substances, ILs have found usage across various fields due to their exceptional physicochemical properties, including excellent tunability. However, their interactions with biological systems and potential influence on living organisms remain largely unexplored. This review examines the cytotoxic effects of ILs on cell cultures, biomolecules, and vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. Our understanding of IL toxicity, while growing in recent years, is yet nascent. The established findings include correlations between harmful effects of ILs and their ability to disturb cellular membranes, their potential to trigger oxidative stress in cells, and their ability to cause cell death via apoptosis. Future research directions proposed in the review include studying the distribution of various ILs within cellular compartments and organelles, investigating metabolic transformations of ILs in cells and organisms, detailed analysis of IL effects on proteins involved in oxidative stress and apoptosis, correlation studies between IL doses, exposure times and resulting adverse effects, and examination of effects of subtoxic concentrations of ILs on various biological objects. This review aims to serve as a critical analysis of the current body of knowledge on IL-related toxicity mechanisms. Furthermore, it can guide researchers toward the design of less toxic ILs and the informed use of ILs in drug development and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S Egorova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey V Kibardin
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Posvyatenko
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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2
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Chen WH, Hsu CC, Huang HY, Cherng JY, Hsiao YC. Optimizing Gluten Extraction Using Eco-friendly Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids: Exploring the Impact of Cation Side Chains and Anions. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17028-17035. [PMID: 38645333 PMCID: PMC11025095 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Gluten is a well-known food allergen globally, and it can induce immune responses in celiac- and nonceliac gluten-sensitive patients. The gliadin proteins from gluten have a special amino acid sequence that make it hydrophobic. One way to deal with gluten allergies is to provide a gluten-free diet. The hydrophobic characteristic of gliadin makes gliadin detection more difficult. An analyst needs to use an organic solvent or multiple processes to denature gluten for extraction. Although organic solvents can rapidly extract gluten in a sample, organic solvent also denatures the antibody and induces false biotest results without buffer dilute, and the accuracy will reduce with buffer dilute. An ionic liquid (IL) is a highly modifiable green chemical organic salt. The imidazolium has a cationic structure and is modified with different lengths (C = 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 12) of carbon side chains with organic and inorganic anions [methanesulfonate (MSO), Cl-, F-, NO3-, HSO4-, and H2PO4-] to make different kinds of ILs for testing the solubility of gliadin. Different IL/water ratios were used to test the solubility of gluten. We measured the solubility of gliadin in different imidazolium ILs, and the kinetic curve of gliadin dissolved in 1% [C5DMIM][MSO]aq was conducted. We also used circular dichroism spectroscopy and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure the gliadin structure and the effect of binding with an antibody after 1% [C5DMIM][MSO]aq treatment. An 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4- nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay was used to test the toxicity of [C5DMIM][MSO]aq in N2a cells. In our research, 1% [C5DMIM][MSO]aq produced a good solubility of gluten, and it could dissolve more than 3000 ppm of gluten in 5 min. [C5DMIM][MSO]aq did not break down the gluten structure and did not restrict antibody binding to gluten, and more importantly, [C5DMIM][MSO] did not exhibit cell toxicity. In this report, we showed that [C5DMIM][MSO] could be a good extraction solution applied for gluten detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Chen
- Research
and Development Group, Yen Hao Holding Company, Tainan 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chih Hsu
- Division
of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine,
College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division
of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 250 Wuxing Street, Tai-pei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yin Huang
- Research
and Development Group, Yen Hao Holding Company, Tainan 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Yuh Cherng
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National
Chung Cheng University, Chia-yi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Hsiao
- Research
and Development Group, Yen Hao Holding Company, Tainan 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Stanford
Byers Center for Biodesign, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Cell
Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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3
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Mustafa N, Jumaah F, Ludin N, Akhtaruzzaman M, Hassan N, Ahmad A, Chan K, Su'ait M. Tetraalkylammonium salts (TAS) in solar energy applications - A review on in vitro and in vivo toxicity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27381. [PMID: 38560257 PMCID: PMC10979238 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetraalkylammonium salt (TAS) is an organic salt widely employed as a precursor, additive or electrolyte in solar cell applications, such as perovskite or dye-sensitized solar cells. Notably, Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered acclaim for their exceptional efficiency. However, PSCs have been associated with environmental and health concerns due to the presence of lead (Pb) content, the use of hazardous solvents, and the incorporation of TAS in their fabrication processes, which significantly contributes to environmental and human health toxicity. As a response, there is a growing trend towards transitioning to safer and biobased materials in PSC fabrication to address these concerns. However, the potential health hazards associated with TAS necessitate a thorough evaluation, considering the widespread use of this substance. Nevertheless, the overexploitation of TAS could potentially increase the disposal of TAS in the ecosystem, thus, posing a major health risk and severe pollution. Therefore, this review article presents a comprehensive discussion on the in vitro and in vivo toxicity assays of TAS as a potential material in solar energy applications, including cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, in vivo dermal, and systemic toxicity. In addition, this review emphasizes the toxicity of TAS compounds, particularly the linear tetraalkyl chain structures, and summarizes essential findings from past studies as a point of reference for the development of non-toxic and environmentally friendly TAS derivatives in future studies. The effects of the TAS alkyl chain length, polar head and hydrophobicity, cation and anion, and other properties are also included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.M. Mustafa
- Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F.N. Jumaah
- Department of Materials & Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - N.A. Ludin
- Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. Akhtaruzzaman
- Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - N.H. Hassan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Battery Technology Research Group (UKMBATT), Polymer Research Centre (PORCE), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A. Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Battery Technology Research Group (UKMBATT), Polymer Research Centre (PORCE), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, JI. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - K.M. Chan
- Product Stewardship and Toxicology, Group Health, Safety and Environment (GHSE), Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS), 50088 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M.S. Su'ait
- Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Roy R, York E, Pacchini E, Rawling T. Effects of cationic head group structure on cytotoxicity and mitochondrial actions of amphiphilic ionic liquids. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 183:114202. [PMID: 38007213 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of low melting point salts with physicochemical properties that make them suitable for a range of industrial applications. Accumulating evidence suggests that certain ILs are cytotoxic and potential environmental pollutants, thus understanding the structural features that promote IL cytotoxicity is important. Amphiphilic ionic liquids (AmILs), a class of ILs with lipophilic N-alkyl chains, containing aromatic head groups are generally more cytotoxic than their aliphatic counterparts, however the impact of other head group properties are less clear. This study therefore sought to provide new structure activity relationship (SAR) insights regarding the role of the cationic head group on AmIL cytotoxicity. A series of AmILs bearing a range of structurally diverse aromatic cations varying in size, charge, and lipophilicity was synthesised and screened against human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. It was found that larger and more lipophilic head groups increased cytotoxicity, although the magnitude of the changes were modest. The mitochondrial effects of representative ILs were assessed. The AmILs induced mitochondrial dysfunction in MDA-MB-231 cells at cytotoxic concentrations, suggesting that they target mitochondria. The new SAR information from this study may assist in the design of AmILs with controlled cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritik Roy
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Edward York
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ethan Pacchini
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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5
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Benedetto A. Ionic liquids meet lipid bilayers: a state-of-the-art review. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1909-1939. [PMID: 38192351 PMCID: PMC10771448 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past 25 years, a vast family of complex organic salts known as room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) has received increasing attention due to their potential applications. ILs are composed by an organic cation and either an organic or inorganic anion, and possess several intriguing properties such as low vapor pressure and being liquid around room temperature. Several biological studies flagged their moderate-to-high (cyto)-toxicity. Toxicity is, however, also a synonym of affinity, and this boosted a series of biophysical and chemical-physical investigations aimed at exploiting ILs in bio-nanomedicine, drug-delivery, pharmacology, and bio-nanotechnology. Several of these investigations focused on the interaction between ILs and lipid membranes, aimed at determining the microscopic mechanisms behind their interaction. This is the focus of this review work. These studies have been carried out on a variety of different lipid bilayer systems ranging from 1-lipid to 5-lipids systems, and also on cell-extracted membranes. They have been carried out at different chemical-physical conditions and by the use of a number of different approaches, including atomic force microscopy, neutron and X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, surface quartz microbalance, nuclear magnetic resonance, confocal fluorescence microscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations. The aim of this "2023 Michèle Auger Award" review work is to provide the reader with an up-to-date overview of this fascinating research field where "ILs meet lipid bilayers (aka biomembranes)," with the aim to boost it further and expand its cross-disciplinary edges towards novel high-impact ideas/applications in pharmacology, drug delivery, biomedicine, and bio-nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Benedetto
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
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6
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Lv H, Liang C, Liu W, Chen N, Li X, Wang Q, Yao X, Wang J, Zhu L, Wang J. Multi-level biological effects of diverse alkyl chains phthalate esters on cotton seedlings (Gossypium hirsutum L.): Insights into individual, physiological-biochemical and molecular perspectives. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132352. [PMID: 37619280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are organic contaminants that pose environmental threat and safety risks to soil health and crop production. However, the ecological toxicity of different PAEs to cotton and the underlying mechanisms are not clear. This study investigated the ecotoxic effects and potential mechanisms of different alkyl-chain PAEs, including dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP) on cotton seedlings at multiple levels. The results showed that PAEs significantly hindered the growth and development of cotton. The chlorophyll content decreased by 1.87-31.66 %, accompanied by non-stomatal photosynthetic inhibition. The antioxidant system was activated by the three PAEs in cotton seedlings, while the osmotic potential was boosted intracellularly. Additionally, PAEs significantly interfered with functional gene expression and exhibited genotoxicity. Risk assessment results indicated that the ecotoxicity was DOP >DBP >DEP, with a "dose-response" relationship. The affinity between the three PAEs and catalase increased as the alkyl chain length increased, further supporting the toxicity sequence. Surprisingly, the bioconcentration factors of short-chain DEP were 8.07 ± 5.89 times and 1837.49 ± 826.83 times higher than those of long-chain DBP and DOP, respectively. These results support the ecological risk assessment of PAEs in cotton and provide new insights into determining the toxicity levels of different PAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Lv
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Chunliu Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Wenrong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Na Chen
- Ningyang Environmental Monitoring Centre, Ningyang, Tai'an, Shandong 271400, China
| | - Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Xiangfeng Yao
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China.
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7
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Mitra S, Sharma VK, Ghosh SK. Effects of ionic liquids on biomembranes: A review on recent biophysical studies. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 256:105336. [PMID: 37586678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been emerged as a versatile class of compounds that can be easily tuned to achieve desirable properties for various applications. The ability of ILs to interact with biomembranes has attracted significant interest, as they have been shown to modulate membrane properties in ways that may have implications for various biological processes. This review provides an overview of recent studies that have investigated the interaction between ILs and biomembranes. We discuss the effects of ILs on the physical and chemical properties of biomembranes, including changes in membrane fluidity, permeability, and stability. We also explore the mechanisms underlying the interaction of ILs with biomembranes, such as electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals forces. Additionally, we discuss the future prospects of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Mitra
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
| | - Veerendra K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - Sajal K Ghosh
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
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8
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Babamale HF, Khor BK, Chear NJY, Yam W. Suppressive effects of azobenzene-imidazolium ionic conjugates on human cervical adenocarcinoma cells: Effects of alkyl chains and ortho-fluorination. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Fernandes MM, Carvalho EO, Correia DM, Esperança JM, Padrão J, Ivanova K, Hoyo J, Tzanov T, Lanceros-Mendez S. Ionic Liquids as Biocompatible Antibacterial Agents: A Case Study on Structure-Related Bioactivity on Escherichia coli. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5181-5189. [PMID: 36260814 PMCID: PMC9778738 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The potential of ionic liquids (ILs) to be used as antimicrobial agents for biomedical applications has been hindered by the fact that most of them are cytotoxic toward mammalian cells. Understanding the mechanism of bacterial and mammalian cellular damage of ILs is key to their safety design. In this work, we evaluate the antimicrobial activity and mode of action of several ILs with varying anions and cations toward the clinically relevant Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Langmuir monolayer technique was used to evaluate if the IL's mode of action was related to the bacterial cell membrane interaction for an effective E. coli killing. 1-Decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [DMIM][TFSI] and trihexyltetradecyl phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [P6,6,6,14][TFSI] were surface-active and induced bacterial cell lysis, through a membrane-disruption phenomenon on bacteria, in a mechanism that was clearly related to the long alkyl chains of the cation. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [EMIM][HSO4] was highly antimicrobial toward E. coli and found suitable for biological applications since it was harmless to mammalian cells at most of the tested concentrations. The results suggest that the imidazolium cation of the ILs is mostly responsible not only for their antimicrobial activity but also for their cytotoxicity, and the inclusion of different anions may tailor the ILs' biocompatibility without losing the capacity to kill bacteria, as is the case of [EMIM][HSO4]. Importantly, this IL was found to be highly antimicrobial even when incorporated in a polymeric matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela M. Correia
- Centre
of Physics, University of Minho, Braga4710-057, Portugal,Centre
of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes
e Alto Douro, 5001-801Vila Real, Portugal,
| | - José M.S.S. Esperança
- LAQV,
REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências
e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516Caparica, Portugal
| | - Jorge Padrão
- Centre
for Textile Science and Technology, University
of Minho, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães4800-058, Portugal
| | - Kristina Ivanova
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08222Terrassa, Spain
| | - Javier Hoyo
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08222Terrassa, Spain
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08222Terrassa, Spain
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez
- BCMaterials,
Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940Leioa, Spain,Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48009Bilbao, Spain
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10
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Mishra K, Devi N, Siwal SS, Zhang Q, Alsanie WF, Scarpa F, Thakur VK. Ionic Liquid-Based Polymer Nanocomposites for Sensors, Energy, Biomedicine, and Environmental Applications: Roadmap to the Future. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202187. [PMID: 35853696 PMCID: PMC9475560 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Current interest toward ionic liquids (ILs) stems from some of their novel characteristics, like low vapor pressure, thermal stability, and nonflammability, integrated through high ionic conductivity and broad range of electrochemical strength. Nowadays, ionic liquids represent a new category of chemical-based compounds for developing superior and multifunctional substances with potential in several fields. ILs can be used in solvents such as salt electrolyte and additional materials. By adding functional physiochemical characteristics, a variety of IL-based electrolytes can also be used for energy storage purposes. It is hoped that the present review will supply guidance for future research focused on IL-based polymer nanocomposites electrolytes for sensors, high performance, biomedicine, and environmental applications. Additionally, a comprehensive overview about the polymer-based composites' ILs components, including a classification of the types of polymer matrix available is provided in this review. More focus is placed upon ILs-based polymeric nanocomposites used in multiple applications such as electrochemical biosensors, energy-related materials, biomedicine, actuators, environmental, and the aviation and aerospace industries. At last, existing challenges and prospects in this field are discussed and concluding remarks are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Mishra
- Department of ChemistryM.M. Engineering CollegeMaharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University)Mullana‐AmbalaHaryana133207India
| | - Nishu Devi
- Mechanics and Energy LaboratoryDepartment of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL60208USA
| | - Samarjeet Singh Siwal
- Department of ChemistryM.M. Engineering CollegeMaharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University)Mullana‐AmbalaHaryana133207India
| | - Qibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids MetallurgyFaculty of Metallurgical and Energy EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Cleaning Utilization in Yunnan ProvinceKunming650093P. R. China
| | - Walaa F. Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratories SciencesThe Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesTaif UniversityP.O. Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia
| | - Fabrizio Scarpa
- Bristol Composites InstituteUniversity of BristolBristolBS8 1TRUK
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research CenterScotland's Rural College (SRUC)Kings Buildings, West Mains RoadEdinburghEH9 3JGUK
- School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES)DehradunUttarakhand248007India
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11
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Navti PD, Pandey A, Nikam AN, Padya BS, Kalthur G, Koteshwara KB, Mutalik S. Ionic Liquids Assisted Topical Drug Delivery for Permeation Enhancement: Formulation Strategies, Biomedical Applications, and Toxicological Perspective. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:161. [PMID: 35676441 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02313-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Topical drug delivery provides several benefits over other conventional routes by providing localizing therapeutic effects and also avoids the gastrointestinal tract circumventing the first-pass metabolism and enzymatic drug degradation. Being painless, the topical route also prevents the difficulties linked with the parenteral route. However, there are limitations to the current topical systems which necessitate the need for further research to find functional excipients to overcome these limitations. This review deals in depth with the ionic liquids concerning their physicochemical properties and applicability as well as their role in the arena of topical drug delivery in permeation enhancement, bioavailability enhancement of the drugs by solvation, and drug moiety modification. The review gives a detailed insight into the recent literature on ionic liquid-based topical formulations like ionic liquid-based emulsions, active pharmaceutical ingredient-ionic liquids, ionic liquid-based bacterial cellulose membranes, topical small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery, and ionogels as a possible solutions for overcoming the challenges associated with the topical route. This review also takes into account the toxicological aspects and biomedical applications of ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerana D Navti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Ajinkya Nitin Nikam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Bharath Singh Padya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Kunnatur B Koteshwara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India.
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12
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Pillai VV, Kumari P, Benedetto A, Gobbo D, Ballone P. Absorption of Phosphonium Cations and Dications into a Hydrated POPC Phospholipid Bilayer: A Computational Study. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:4272-4288. [PMID: 35666883 PMCID: PMC9207913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c02212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) based on an empirical force field is applied to investigate the effect of phosphonium cations ([P6,6,6,6]+) and geminal dications ([DxC10]2+) inserted at T = 300 K into the hydration layer separating planar POPC phospholipid bilayers. Up to high concentration, nearly every added cation and dication becomes absorbed into the lipid phase. Absorption takes place during several microseconds and is virtually irreversible. The neutralizing counterions ([Cl]-, in the present simulation) remain dissolved in water, giving origin to the charge separation and the strong electrostatic double layer at the water/lipid interface. Incorporation of cations and dications changes the properties of the lipid bilayer such as diffusion, viscosity, and the electrostatic pattern. At high ionic concentration, the bilayer acquires a long-wavelength standing undulation, corresponding to a change of phase from fluid planar to ripple. All these changes are potentially able to affect processes relevant in the context of cell biology. The major difference between cations and dications concerns the kinetics of absorption, which takes place nearly two times faster in the [P6,6,6,6]+ case, and for [DxC10]2+ dications displays a marked separation into two-stages, corresponding to the easy absorption of the first phosphonium head of the dication and the somewhat more activated absorption of the second phosphonium head of each dication.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. V.
S. Pillai
- School
of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway
Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin
4, Ireland
| | - P. Kumari
- School
of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway
Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin
4, Ireland
| | - A. Benedetto
- School
of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway
Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin
4, Ireland
- Department
of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, I-00154 Rome, Italy
| | - D. Gobbo
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ISPSO, University
of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet
1, CH-1211, Geneva
4, Switzerland
- Computational
and Chemical Biology, Fondazione Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - P. Ballone
- School
of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway
Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin
4, Ireland
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13
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Babamale HF, Khor BK, Chear NJY, Haque RA, Yam W. The First tetrafluorinated azobenzene-imidazolium ionic conjugates as potential thermotropic liquid crystalline drugs: Self-assembly properties and cytotoxic effects. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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14
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Benedetto A, Kelley EG. Absorption of the [bmim][Cl] Ionic Liquid in DMPC Lipid Bilayers across Their Gel, Ripple, and Fluid Phases. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3309-3318. [PMID: 35472281 PMCID: PMC9082605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Lipid bilayers are
a key component of cell membranes and play a
crucial role in life and in bio-nanotechnology. As a result, controlling
their physicochemical properties holds the promise of effective therapeutic
strategies. Ionic liquids (ILs)—a vast class of complex organic
electrolytes—have shown a high degree of affinity with lipid
bilayers and can be exploited in this context. However, the chemical
physics of IL absorption and partitioning into lipid bilayers is yet
to be fully understood. This work focuses on the absorption of the
model IL [bmim][Cl] into 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(DMPC) lipid bilayers across their gel, ripple, and fluid phases.
Here, by small-angle neutron scattering, we show that (i) the IL cations
are absorbed in the lipid bilayer in all its thermodynamic phases
and (ii) the amount of IL inserted into the lipid phase increased
with increasing temperature, changing from three to four IL cations
per 10 lipids with increasing temperature from 10 °C in the gel
phase to 40 °C in the liquid phase, respectively. An explicative
hypothesis, based on the entropy gain coming from the IL hydration
water, is presented to explain the observed temperature trend. The
ability to control IL absorption with temperature can be used as a
handle to tune the effect of ILs on biomembranes and can be exploited
in bio-nanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Benedetto
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy.,School of Physics, and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Elizabeth G Kelley
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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15
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Ionic liquid of ketoprofen-piperine modulates the pharmaceutical and therapeutic characters of ketoprofen. Int J Pharm 2022; 620:121724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Merging structural frameworks of imidazolium, pyridinium, and cholinium ionic liquids with cinnamic acid to tune solution state behavior and properties. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Tang J, Zhao Y, Wang M, Wang D, Yang X, Hao R, Wang M, Wang Y, He H, Xin JH, Zheng S. Circadian humidity fluctuation induced capillary flow for sustainable mobile energy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1291. [PMID: 35277510 PMCID: PMC8917138 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28998-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian humidity fluctuation is an important factor that affects human life all over the world. Here we show that spherical cap-shaped ionic liquid drops sitting on nanowire array are able to continuously output electricity when exposed to outdoor air, which we attribute to the daily humidity fluctuation induced directional capillary flow. Specifically, ionic liquid drops could absorb/desorb water around the liquid/vapor interface and swell/shrink depending on air humidity fluctuation. While pinning of the drop by nanowire array suppresses advancing/receding of triple-phase contact line. To maintain the surface tension-regulated spherical cap profile, inward/outward flow arises for removing excess fluid from the edge or filling the perimeter with fluid from center. This moisture absorption/desorption-caused capillary flow is confirmed by in-situ microscope imaging. We conduct further research to reveal how environmental humidity affects flow rate and power generation performance. To further illustrate feasibility of our strategy, we combine the generators to light up a red diode and LCD screen. All these results present the great potential of tiny humidity fluctuation as an easily accessible anytime-and-anywhere small-scale green energy resource. Droplet generators convert mechanical movements of droplets into small-scale electricity. Here, Tang et al. report a humidity-driven power generator by utilizing daily humidity fluctuation in atmosphere enabling continuous generation of electricity upon moisture absorption and desorption cycles.
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18
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Galluzzi M, Marfori L, Asperti S, De Vita A, Giannangeli M, Caselli A, Milani P, Podestà A. Interaction of imidazolium-based ionic liquids with supported phospholipid bilayers as model biomembranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:27328-27342. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02866b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of ionic liquids (ILs) is receiving increasing attention due to their potential biological and environmental impact. We have used atomic force microscopy to investigate the interaction of ILs with supported phospholipid bilayers, as models of biomembranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Galluzzi
- Materials Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133-Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Marfori
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133-Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Asperti
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133-Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Vita
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133-Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Giannangeli
- Dipartimento di Chimica and CNR-SCITEC, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133-Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caselli
- Dipartimento di Chimica and CNR-SCITEC, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133-Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Milani
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133-Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133-Milano, Italy
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19
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Correia DM, Fernandes LC, Fernandes MM, Hermenegildo B, Meira RM, Ribeiro C, Ribeiro S, Reguera J, Lanceros-Méndez S. Ionic Liquid-Based Materials for Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2401. [PMID: 34578716 PMCID: PMC8471968 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively explored and implemented in different areas, ranging from sensors and actuators to the biomedical field. The increasing attention devoted to ILs centers on their unique properties and possible combination of different cations and anions, allowing the development of materials with specific functionalities and requirements for applications. Particularly for biomedical applications, ILs have been used for biomaterials preparation, improving dissolution and processability, and have been combined with natural and synthetic polymer matrixes to develop IL-polymer hybrid materials to be employed in different fields of the biomedical area. This review focus on recent advances concerning the role of ILs in the development of biomaterials and their combination with natural and synthetic polymers for different biomedical areas, including drug delivery, cancer therapy, tissue engineering, antimicrobial and antifungal agents, and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maria Correia
- Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-058 Braga, Portugal; (L.C.F.); (M.M.F.); (R.M.M.); (C.R.); (S.R.)
- Centre of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Liliana Correia Fernandes
- Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-058 Braga, Portugal; (L.C.F.); (M.M.F.); (R.M.M.); (C.R.); (S.R.)
| | - Margarida Macedo Fernandes
- Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-058 Braga, Portugal; (L.C.F.); (M.M.F.); (R.M.M.); (C.R.); (S.R.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruno Hermenegildo
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Rafaela Marques Meira
- Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-058 Braga, Portugal; (L.C.F.); (M.M.F.); (R.M.M.); (C.R.); (S.R.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Clarisse Ribeiro
- Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-058 Braga, Portugal; (L.C.F.); (M.M.F.); (R.M.M.); (C.R.); (S.R.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Sylvie Ribeiro
- Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-058 Braga, Portugal; (L.C.F.); (M.M.F.); (R.M.M.); (C.R.); (S.R.)
- IB-S—Institute for Research and Innovation on Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Javier Reguera
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-058 Braga, Portugal; (L.C.F.); (M.M.F.); (R.M.M.); (C.R.); (S.R.)
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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20
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Agwupuye JA, Louis H, Unimuke TO, David P, Ubana EI, Moshood YL. Electronic structure investigation of the stability, reactivity, NBO analysis, thermodynamics, and the nature of the interactions in methyl-substituted imidazolium-based ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Kumari P, Faraone A, Kelley EG, Benedetto A. Stiffening Effect of the [Bmim][Cl] Ionic Liquid on the Bending Dynamics of DMPC Lipid Vesicles. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:7241-7250. [PMID: 34169716 PMCID: PMC8279542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The elastic properties of the cellular lipid membrane play a crucial role for life. Their alteration can lead to cell malfunction, and in turn, being able to control them holds the promise of effective therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. In this context, due to their proven strong interaction with lipid bilayers, ionic liquids (ILs)-a vast class of organic electrolytes-may play an important role. This work focuses on the effect of the model imidazolium-IL [bmim][Cl] on the bending modulus of DMPC lipid vesicles, a basic model of cellular lipid membranes. Here, by combining small-angle neutron scattering and neutron spin-echo spectroscopy, we show that the IL, dispersed at low concentrations at the bilayer-water interface, (i) diffuses into the lipid region, accounting for five IL-cations for every 11 lipids, and (ii) causes an increase of the lipid bilayer bending modulus, up to 60% compared to the neat lipid bilayer at 40 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Kumari
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy.,School of Physics and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Antonio Faraone
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Elizabeth G Kelley
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Antonio Benedetto
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy.,School of Physics and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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22
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Jeremias G, Jesus F, Ventura SPM, Gonçalves FJM, Asselman J, Pereira JL. New insights on the effects of ionic liquid structural changes at the gene expression level: Molecular mechanisms of toxicity in Daphnia magna. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124517. [PMID: 33199138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on the molecular basis of ionic liquids' (ILs) ecotoxicity is critical for the development of these designer solvents as their structure can be engineered to simultaneously meet functionality performance and environmental safety. The molecular effects of ILs were investigated by using RNA-sequencing following Daphnia magna exposure to imidazolium- and cholinium-based ILs: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C2mim]Cl), 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C12mim]Cl) and cholinium chloride ([Chol]Cl)-; the selection allowing to compare different families and cation alkyl chains. ILs shared mechanisms of toxicity focusing e.g. cellular membrane and cytoskeleton, oxidative stress, energy production, protein biosynthesis, DNA damage, disease initiation. [C2mim]Cl and [C12mim]Cl were the least and the most toxic ILs at the transcriptional level, denoting the role of the alkyl chain as a driver of ILs toxicity. Also, it was reinforced that [Chol]Cl is not devoid of environmental hazardous potential regardless of its argued biological compatibility. Unique gene expression signatures could also be identified for each IL, enlightening specific mechanisms of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Jeremias
- Department of Biology & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fátima Jesus
- Department of Biology & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia P M Ventura
- Department of Chemistry & CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernando J M Gonçalves
- Department of Biology & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jana Asselman
- Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Bluebridge Building, Ostend Science Park 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Joana L Pereira
- Department of Biology & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
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23
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DeStefano I, DeStefano G, Paradis NJ, Patel R, Clark AK, Gogoj H, Singh G, Jonnalagadda KS, Patel AY, Wu C, Caputo GA, Vaden TD. Thermodynamic destabilization of azurin by four different tetramethylguanidinium amino acid ionic liquids. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:355-364. [PMID: 33744247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The thermal unfolding of the copper redox protein azurin was studied in the presence of four different amino acid-based ionic liquids (ILs), all of which have tetramethylguanidium as cation. The anionic amino acid includes two with alcohol side chains, serine and threonine, and two with carboxylic acids, aspartate and glutamate. Control experiments showed that amino acids alone do not significantly change protein stability and pH changes anticipated by the amino acid nature have only minor effects on the protein. With the ILs, the protein is destabilized and the melting temperature is decreased. The two ILs with alcohol side chains strongly destabilize the protein while the two ILs with acid side chains have weaker effects. Unfolding enthalpy (ΔHunf°) and entropy (ΔSunf°) values, derived from fits of the unfolding data, show that some ILs increase ΔHunf°while others do not significantly change this value. All ILs, however, increase ΔSunf°. MD simulations of both the folded and unfolded protein conformations in the presence of the ILs provide insight into the different IL-protein interactions and how they affect the ΔHunf° values. The simulations also confirm that the ILs increase the unfolded state entropies which can explain the increased ΔSunf° values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella DeStefano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Gabriella DeStefano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Nicholas J Paradis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Roshani Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Austin K Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Hunter Gogoj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Gurvir Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Keertana S Jonnalagadda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; Bantivoglio Honors College, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Aashka Y Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Gregory A Caputo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Timothy D Vaden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
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24
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Egorova KS, Posvyatenko AV, Fakhrutdinov AN, Galushko AS, Seitkalieva MM, Ananikov VP. Synergistic/antagonistic cytotoxic effects in mixtures of ionic liquids with doxorubicin or mitoxantrone. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Patel AY, Jonnalagadda KS, Paradis N, Vaden TD, Wu C, Caputo GA. Effects of Ionic Liquids on Metalloproteins. Molecules 2021; 26:514. [PMID: 33478102 PMCID: PMC7835893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, innovative protein therapies and bio-similar industries have grown rapidly. Additionally, ionic liquids (ILs) have been an area of great interest and rapid development in industrial processes over a similar timeline. Therefore, there is a pressing need to understand the structure and function of proteins in novel environments with ILs. Understanding the short-term and long-term stability of protein molecules in IL formulations will be key to using ILs for protein technologies. Similarly, ILs have been investigated as part of therapeutic delivery systems and implicated in numerous studies in which ILs impact the activity and/or stability of protein molecules. Notably, many of the proteins used in industrial applications are involved in redox chemistry, and thus often contain metal ions or metal-associated cofactors. In this review article, we focus on the current understanding of protein structure-function relationship in the presence of ILs, specifically focusing on the effect of ILs on metal containing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashka Y. Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (A.Y.P.); (N.P.); (T.D.V.); (C.W.)
| | | | - Nicholas Paradis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (A.Y.P.); (N.P.); (T.D.V.); (C.W.)
| | - Timothy D. Vaden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (A.Y.P.); (N.P.); (T.D.V.); (C.W.)
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (A.Y.P.); (N.P.); (T.D.V.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Gregory A. Caputo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (A.Y.P.); (N.P.); (T.D.V.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
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26
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Hu LX, Xiong Q, Shi WJ, Huang GY, Liu YS, Ying GG. New insight into the negative impact of imidazolium-based ionic liquid [C 10mim]Cl on Hela cells: From membrane damage to biochemical alterations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111629. [PMID: 33396149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative to volatile organic solvents, ionic liquids (ILs) are known as "green solvents", and widely used in industrial applications. However, due to their high solubility and stability, ILs have tendency to persist in the water environment, thus having potential negative impacts on the aquatic ecosystem. For assessing the environmental risks of ILs, a fundamental understanding of the toxic effects and mechanisms of ILs is needed. Here we evaluated the cytotoxicity of 1-methyl-3-decylimidazolium chloride ([C10mim]Cl) and elucidated the main toxic mechanism of [C10mim]Cl in human cervical carcinoma (Hela) cells. Microstructural analysis revealed that [C10mim]Cl exposure caused the cell membrane breakage, swollen and vacuolated mitochondria, and spherical cytoskeletal structure. Cytotoxicity assays found that [C10mim]Cl exposure increased ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. These results indicated that [C10mim]Cl could induce damage to cellular membrane structure, affect the integrity of cell ultrastructure, cause the oxidative damage and ultimately lead to the inhibition of cell proliferation. Moreover, alterations of biochemical information including the increased ratios of unsaturated fatty acid and carbonyl groups to lipid, and lipid to protein, and the decreased ratios of Amide I to Amide II, and α-helix to β-sheet were observed in [C10mim]Cl treated cells, suggesting that [C10mim]Cl could affect the structure of membrane lipid alkyl chain and cell membrane fluidity, promote the lipid peroxidation and alter the protein secondary structure. The findings from this work demonstrated that membrane structure is the key target, and membrane damage is involved in [C10mim]Cl induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Hu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Xiong
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jun Shi
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guo-Yong Huang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Habibul N, Hu YY, Hu Y, Sheng GP. Alkyl chain length affecting uptake of imidazolium based ionic liquids by ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123376. [PMID: 32652424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively used in the various industrial fields, however, the dependence of their structure on toxicity and bioavailability by plants is not clear. Thus, in this study, uptake of imidazolium based ILs with different alkyl chain lengths (e.g., [C2mim]+ and [C8mim]+) by ryegrass and their toxicity to plant growth were investigated. Results show that the two ILs could be removed by ryegrass with high efficiencies, and a higher uptake efficiency and accumulation was observed for [C2mim]+ with shorter chain length compared with that for [C8mim]+. A higher growth inhibition of ryegrass by [C8mim]+ was observed compared with that by [C2mim]+, indicating the long alkyl chain length of ILs had a negative effect on the plant growth. ILs taken up by ryegrass was retained in the roots and their translocation from roots to shoots was restricted. The IL concentration in roots was 0.68 mg/g-fresh weight for [C2mim]+ and 0.08 mg/g- fresh weight for [C8mim]+ when the ryegrass was exposed to 10 mg/L ILs. This study proved that plant assimilation of ILs depended on their alky chain lengths, which would be useful for understanding the fate of ILs with various structures in phytoremediation for ILs-contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzahat Habibul
- Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technology and Application, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yan-Yun Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guo-Ping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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Kumari P, Pillai VVS, Benedetto A. Mechanisms of action of ionic liquids on living cells: the state of the art. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:1187-1215. [PMID: 32936423 PMCID: PMC7575683 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a relatively new class of organic electrolytes composed of an organic cation and either an organic or inorganic anion, whose melting temperature falls around room-temperature. In the last 20 years, the toxicity of ILs towards cells and micro-organisms has been heavily investigated with the main aim to assess the risks associated with their potential use in (industrial) applications, and to develop strategies to design greener ILs. Toxicity, however, is synonym with affinity, and this has stimulated, in turn, a series of biophysical and chemical-physical investigations as well as few biochemical studies focused on the mechanisms of action (MoAs) of ILs, key step in the development of applications in bio-nanomedicine and bio-nanotechnology. This review has the intent to present an overview of the state of the art of the MoAs of ILs, which have been the focus of a limited number of studies but still sufficient enough to provide a first glimpse on the subject. The overall picture that emerges is quite intriguing and shows that ILs interact with cells in a variety of different mechanisms, including alteration of lipid distribution and cell membrane viscoelasticity, disruption of cell and nuclear membranes, mitochondrial permeabilization and dysfunction, generation of reactive oxygen species, chloroplast damage (in plants), alteration of transmembrane and cytoplasmatic proteins/enzyme functions, alteration of signaling pathways, and DNA fragmentation. Together with our earlier review work on the biophysics and chemical-physics of IL-cell membrane interactions (Biophys. Rev. 9:309, 2017), we hope that the present review, focused instead on the biochemical aspects, will stimulate a series of new investigations and discoveries in the still new and interdisciplinary field of "ILs, biomolecules, and cells."
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Kumari
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Visakh V S Pillai
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Antonio Benedetto
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy.
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
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Kumari P, Pillai VVS, Rodriguez BJ, Prencipe M, Benedetto A. Sub-Toxic Concentrations of Ionic Liquids Enhance Cell Migration by Reducing the Elasticity of the Cellular Lipid Membrane. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7327-7333. [PMID: 32794718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration is a universal and crucial mechanism for life. It is required in a series of physiological processes, in wound repair and immune response and is involved in several pathological conditions, including cancer and virus dissemination. Among the several biochemical and biophysical routes, changing cell membrane elasticity holds the promise to be a universal strategy to alter cell mobility. Due to their affinity with cell membranes, ionic liquids (ILs) may play an important role. This work focuses on the effect of subtoxic amounts of imidazolium-ILs on the migration of the model cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Here we show that ILs are able to enhance cell mobility by reducing the elasticity of the cellular lipid membrane, and that both mobility and elasticity can be tuned by IL-concentration and IL-cation chain length. This biochemical-physical mechanism is potentially valid for all mammalian cells, and its impact in bionanomedicine and bionanotechnology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Kumari
- School of Physics, and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Visakh V S Pillai
- School of Physics, and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Brian J Rodriguez
- School of Physics, and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Maria Prencipe
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, and Conway Institute Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Antonio Benedetto
- School of Physics, and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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Tot A, Maksimović I, Putnik-Delić M, Daničić M, Gadžurić S, Bešter-Rogač M, Vraneš M. The effect of polar head group of dodecyl surfactants on the growth of wheat and cucumber. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126918. [PMID: 32957302 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing application of various surfactants nowadays, may lead to the contamination of the natural environment and represent potential threat to terrestrial higher plants. In this article, the effect of 13 surfactants, with dodecyl alkyl chain and various aromatic (imidazolium, pyridinium, thiazolium) and aliphatic (guanidinium, ammonium, thiosemicarbazidium) polar heads, on germination, development and growth of wheat and cucumber was investigated. The study aimed to prove how changes in lipophilicity of surfactants and their various structural modifications (existence of the aliphatic or aromatic polar group, the introduction of oxygen and sulfur) influence toxicity towards investigated plants. The calculated lipophilic parameter (AlogP) is shown to be a useful parameter for predicting potential toxicity of the compound. The strategy of using surfactants with aliphatic polar heads instead of aromatic prove to be a promising strategy in reducing harmful effect, as well as the introduction of polar groups in the structure of cation. From all investigated compounds, surfactants with imidazolium polar head displayed the most harmful effect towards wheat and cucumber. The cucumber seeds were more sensitive to the addition of surfactants comparing to wheat. All obtained experimental results were additionally investigated using computational methods, simulating the transport of surfactants through a lipid bilayer. The influence of cation tendency to fit in lipid bilayer structure was correlated with toxicity. For the first time, it is concluded that cation ability to mimic the structure of bilayer have less harmful effect on plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Tot
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg D. Obradovića 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Maksimović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Trg D. Obradovića 8, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marina Putnik-Delić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Trg D. Obradovića 8, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milena Daničić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Trg D. Obradovića 8, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Gadžurić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg D. Obradovića 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija Bešter-Rogač
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna Pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milan Vraneš
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg D. Obradovića 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Zheng W, Huang W, Song Z, Tang Z, Sun W. Insight into the structure-antibacterial activity of amino cation-based and acetate anion-based ionic liquids from computational interactions with the POPC phospholipid bilayer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:15573-15581. [PMID: 32613219 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Investigations relevant to ionic liquids (ILs) as antibacterial agents have drawn considerable attention. However, the high cost and potential toxicity of ILs have severely limited their extensive applications, which has motivated researchers to design inexpensive and health-benign ILs. In this work, the interactions between the hydrated zwitterionic phospholipid (POPC) bilayer and a series of hypothetical amino cation-based and acetate anion-based ILs with different counterparts were investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to predict their antibacterial abilities. The cations of the ILs were found to insert into the lipid bilayer spontaneously, especially amino cations. Reorientation of the inserted imidazolium-based cations was observed, while the inserted amino cations showed no obvious reorientation phenomena, probably because of the strong charge interactions between the positive NH3 groups of the amino cation and the negative PO4 groups of the lipid bilayer. Due to their strong affinity with water, acetate-based anions disperse better in water solution, which weakens the insertion of the cations into the lipid bilayer to some extent. The structure and dynamic properties of the lipid bilayer, such as electrostatic potential, local ordering, area per lipid, volume per lipid, bilayer thickness, and lateral diffusion, are significantly influenced by the insertion of the cations, which results in disorder of the lipid bilayer and further disruption of the activity of the cell membrane. The insights into the relationship between the structures of ILs and their antibacterial activity in this work will provide a good reference for the screening and design of less expensive, safer, and greener IL candidates as antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Clarizia G, Bernardo P, Carroccio SC, Ussia M, Restuccia C, Parafati L, Calarco A, Zampino D. Heterogenized Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids in Pebax ®Rnew. Thermal, Gas Transport and Antimicrobial Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1419. [PMID: 32630521 PMCID: PMC7361949 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) have interesting antimicrobial activity and their inclusion in a flexible film is ideal to take advantage of their properties in practical applications. Poly(ether-block-amide) (Pebax®Rnew) films were prepared by solution casting, loading two synthetized ILs (1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl-5-sulfoisophthalate [Hdmim][DMSIP], IL1 and 1-octyloximethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [OOMmim][PF6], IL2) up to 5 wt.%. The ILs were characterized by 1H NMR and MALDI-TOF spectroscopy. The films were investigated for miscibility, morphology, wettability, spectral properties and gas transport. The films display a good thermal stability (>200 °C). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) proves phase separation in the blends, that is consistent with FTIR analysis and with the island-like surface morphology observed in the micrographs. Gas permeability tests revealed that the IL-loaded films are dense and poreless, keeping the selectivity of the polymer matrix with a somewhat lessened permeability owing to the impermeable ILs crystals. The film antimicrobial activity, evaluated against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains, was correlated to the structure of the incorporated ILs. The smaller IL2 salt did not modify the hydrophobic nature of the neat polymer and was readily released from the films. Instead, IL1, having a longer alkyl chain in the cation, provided a promising antimicrobial activity with a good combination of hydrophilicity, permeability and thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Clarizia
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR (c/o University of Calabria), Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy;
| | - Paola Bernardo
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR (c/o University of Calabria), Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy;
| | - Sabrina C. Carroccio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, IMM-CNR (c/o University of Catania), Via Santa Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Martina Ussia
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, IMM-CNR (c/o University of Catania), Via Santa Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Cristina Restuccia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Lucia Parafati
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Anna Calarco
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, IRET-CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Daniela Zampino
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB-CNR, via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
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Mitra S, Das R, Singh A, Mukhopadhyay MK, Roy G, Ghosh SK. Surface Activities of a Lipid Analogue Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid and Its Effects on Phospholipid Membrane. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:328-339. [PMID: 31826620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
There are great efforts of synthesizing imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) for developing new antibiotics as these molecules have shown strong antibacterial activities. Compared to a single-hydrocarbon-chained IL, the lipid analogues (LAs) with two chains are more effective. In the present study, the LA molecule MeIm(COOH)Me(Oleylamine)Iodide has been synthesized and its surface activities along with the effectiveness in restructuring of a model cellular membrane have been quantified. The molecule is found to be highly surface active as estimated from the area-pressure isotherm of a monolayer of the molecules formed at the air-water interface. The X-ray reflectivity (XRR) studies of a monolayer dip-coated on a hydrophilic substrate have shown the structural properties of the layer which resembles to those of unsaturated phospholipids. The LA molecules are observed to fluidize a phospholipid bilayer formed by the saturated lipid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). At a lower surface pressure, the lipid monolayer of DPPC has exhibited a thickening effect at a low concentration of added LA and a thinning effect at higher concentration. However, at a high surface pressure of the monolayer, the thickness is found to decrease monotonically. The in-plane pressure-dependent interaction of LA molecules with model cellular membrane and the corresponding perturbation in the structure and physical properties of the membrane may be linked to the strong lysing effect of these types of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Singh
- Surface Physics and Material Science Division , Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics , AF Block, Bidhannagar , Kolkata 700064 , India
| | - M K Mukhopadhyay
- Surface Physics and Material Science Division , Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics , AF Block, Bidhannagar , Kolkata 700064 , India
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Susceptibility of biomembrane structure towards amphiphiles, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents. ADVANCES IN BIOMEMBRANES AND LIPID SELF-ASSEMBLY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.abl.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Rantamäki AH, Chen W, Hyväri P, Helminen J, Partl G, King AWT, Wiedmer SK. Interactions of Ionic Liquids and Spirocyclic Compounds with Liposome Model Membranes. A Steady-State Fluorescence Anisotropy Study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18349. [PMID: 31797938 PMCID: PMC6892914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53893-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the toxicity of ionic liquids (ILs) is crucial in the search of greener chemicals. By comparing in vivo toxicity and in vitro interactions determined between compounds and biomimetic lipid membranes, more detailed toxicity vs. structure relation can be obtained. However, determining the interactions between non-surface-active compounds and liposomes has been a challenging task. Organisational changes induced by ILs and IL-like spirocyclic compounds within 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene-doped biomimetic liposomes was studied by steady-state fluorescence anisotropy technique. The extent of organisational changes detected within the liposome bilayers were compared to the toxicity of the compounds determined using Vibrio Fischeri bacteria. Four liposome compositions made of pure 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocoline (POPC) and mixtures of POPC, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (POPS), and cholesterol (Chol) were tested as biomimetic models. Changes observed within the POPC/POPS/Chol 55:20:25 bilayers correlated the best with the toxicity results: ten out of twelve compounds followed the trend of increasing bilayer disorder - increasing toxicity. The study suggests that the toxicity of non-surface-active compounds is dependent on their ability to diffuse into the bilayers. The extent of bilayer's organisational changes correlates rather well with the toxicity of the compounds. Highly sensitive technique, such as fluorescence anisotropy measurements, is needed for detecting subtle changes within the bilayer structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti H Rantamäki
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paulus Hyväri
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Helminen
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriel Partl
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alistair W T King
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanne K Wiedmer
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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36
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Stevens JC, Shi J. Biocatalysis in ionic liquids for lignin valorization: Opportunities and recent developments. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Pal S, Sar A, Dam B. Moderate halophilic bacteria, but not extreme halophilic archaea can alleviate the toxicity of short-alkyl side chain imidazolium-based ionic liquids. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109634. [PMID: 31520950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids (IL) with short-alkyl side chain such as 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride ([Emim]Cl) and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) has immense application potential including in lignocellulosic bioenergy production. But they are toxic to most microorganisms, and those isolated from different environments as IL-tolerant have salt tolerance capabilities. This study evaluates the relationship between salt and [Emim]Cl tolerance of microorganisms using different salinity sediments (2-19%) and brines (35%) of India's largest inland hypersaline lake, Sambhar in Rajasthan as the model system. While samples with 2% and 35% salinities do not yield any [Emim]Cl (100 mM) tolerant colonies, others have 6-50% colonies tolerant to the IL. Similar trend was observed with 50 mM [Bmim]Cl. Moderate halophilic isolates of genera Halomonas and Bacillus (growth in 0.7-3.0 M NaCl) isolated from the sediments could grow in as high as 375 mM [Emim]Cl, or 125 mM [Bmim]Cl facilitated by higher synthesis, and uptake of organic osmolytes; and up to 1.7-fold increased activity of active efflux pumps. [Bmim]Cl was more toxic than [Emim]Cl in all performed experiments. [Emim]Cl-adapted cells could trounce IL-induced stress. Interestingly, enrichment with 100 mM [Emim]Cl resulted in increase of IL-tolerant colonies in all sediments including the one with 2% salinity. However, the salt saturated brines (35%) do not yield any such colony even after repeated incubations. Extreme halophilic archaea, Natronomonas (growth in 3.0-4.0 M NaCl) isolated from such brines, were exceedingly sensitive to even 5 mM [Emim]Cl, or 1 mM [Bmim]Cl. Two additional extremophilic archaea, namely Haloferax and Haladaptatus were also sensitive to the tested ILs. Archaeal sensitivity is possibly due to the competitive interaction of [Emim]+ with their acidic proteome (15.4-17.5% aspartic and glutamic acids, against 10.7-12.9% in bacteria) that they maintain to stabilize the high amount of K+ ion accumulated by salt-in strategy. Thus, general salt adaptation strategies of moderate halophilic bacteria help them to restrain toxicity of these ILs, but extremophilic archaea are highly sensitive and demands meticulous use of these solvents to prevent environmental contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanta Pal
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany (DST-FIST & UGC-DRS Funded), Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Abhijit Sar
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany (DST-FIST & UGC-DRS Funded), Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Bomba Dam
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany (DST-FIST & UGC-DRS Funded), Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India.
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Oskarsson A, Wright MC. Ionic Liquids: New Emerging Pollutants, Similarities with Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFASs). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:10539-10541. [PMID: 31442027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agneta Oskarsson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health , Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , SE-750 07 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Matthew C Wright
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Health Protection Research Unit , Newcastle University , Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4AA , United Kingdom
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Acharyya A, DiGiuseppi D, Stinger BL, Schweitzer-Stenner R, Vaden TD. Structural Destabilization of Azurin by Imidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:6933-6945. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b04113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arusha Acharyya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David DiGiuseppi
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, 32 S. 32nd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Brittany L. Stinger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Reinhard Schweitzer-Stenner
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, 32 S. 32nd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Timothy D. Vaden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
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40
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Choline-Based Ionic Liquids as Media for the Growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7070471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have garnered great attention as alternative solvents in many biological reactions and applications. However, its unknown toxicity is in line with the challenges to use it for biological applications. In this study, three choline based Ionic Liquids—choline saccharinate (CS), choline dihydrogen phosphate (CDHP), and choline tryptophanate (CT) were assessed for their suitability on the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The ILs were incorporated into the growth media of S. cerevisiae (defined as synthetic media) to access its potential as a substitute to conventional media. The compatibility of the synthetic media was evaluated based on the toxicity (EC50), growth curve, and glucose profile. The results showed that the incorporation of CDHP and CS did promote the growth of S. cerevisiae with a rapid glucose consumption rate. The growth of S. cerevisiae with the media composition of yeast extract, peptone, and CS showed improvement of 13%. We believe that these observations have implications in the biocompatibility studies of ILs to microorganisms.
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41
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Walker C, Ryu S, Trinh CT. Exceptional solvent tolerance in Yarrowia lipolytica is enhanced by sterols. Metab Eng 2019; 54:83-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Correlating Lipid Membrane Permeabilities of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids with their Cytotoxicities on Yeast, Bacterial, and Mammalian Cells. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9060251. [PMID: 31242711 PMCID: PMC6627299 DOI: 10.3390/biom9060251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkyl-imidazolium chloride ionic liquids (ILs) have been broadly studied for biochemical and biomedical technologies. They can permeabilize lipid bilayer membranes and have cytotoxic effects, which makes them targets for drug delivery biomaterials. We assessed the lipid-membrane permeabilities of ILs with increasing alkyl chain lengths from ethyl to octyl groups on large unilamellar vesicles using a trapped-fluorophore fluorescence lifetime-based leakage experiment. Only the most hydrophobic IL, with the octyl chain, permeabilizes vesicles, and the concentration required for permeabilization corresponds to its critical micelle concentration. To correlate the model vesicle studies with biological cells, we quantified the IL permeabilities and cytotoxicities on different cell lines including bacterial, yeast, and ovine blood cells. The IL permeabilities on vesicles strongly correlate with permeabilities and minimum inhibitory concentrations on biological cells. Despite exhibiting a broad range of lipid compositions, the ILs appear to have similar effects on the vesicles and cell membranes.
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Sidat Z, Marimuthu T, Kumar P, du Toit LC, Kondiah PPD, Choonara YE, Pillay V. Ionic Liquids as Potential and Synergistic Permeation Enhancers for Transdermal Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E96. [PMID: 30813375 PMCID: PMC6409523 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) show clear advantages over conventional routes of drug administration. Nonetheless, there are limitations to current TDDS which warrant further research to improve current TDD platforms. Spurred by the synthesis of novel biodegradable ionic liquids (ILs) and favorable cytotoxicity studies, ILs were shown to be a possible solution to overcome these challenges. Their favorable application in overcoming challenges ranging from synthesis, manufacture, and even therapeutic benefits were documented. In this review, said ILs are highlighted and their role in TDDS is reviewed in terms of (a) ILs as permeation enhancers (single agents or combined), (b) ILs in drug modification, and (c) ILs as active pharmaceutical ingredients. Furthermore, future combination of ILs with other chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) is proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Sidat
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Thashree Marimuthu
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Lisa C du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Pierre P D Kondiah
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
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Galluzzi M, Schulte C, Milani P, Podestà A. Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids Affect Morphology and Rigidity of Living Cells: An Atomic Force Microscopy Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:12452-12462. [PMID: 30213187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The study of the toxicity, biocompatibility, and environmental sustainability of room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) is still in its infancy. Understanding the impact of ILs on living organisms, especially from the aquatic ecosystem, is urgent, since large amounts of these substances are starting to be employed as solvents in industrial chemical processes, and on the other side, evidence of toxic effects of ILs on microorganisms and single cells have been observed. To date, the toxicity of ILs has been investigated by means of macroscopic assays aimed at characterizing the effective concentrations (like the EC50) that cause the death of a significant fraction of the population of microorganisms and cells. These studies allow us to identify the cell membrane as the first target of the IL interaction, whose effectiveness was correlated to the lipophilicity of the cation, i.e., to the length of the lateral alkyl chain. Our study aimed at investigating the molecular mechanisms underpinning the interaction of ILs with living cells. To this purpose, we carried out a combined topographic and mechanical analysis by atomic force microscopy of living breast metastatic cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) upon interaction with imidazolium-based ILs. We showed that ILs are able to induce modifications of the overall rigidity (effective Young's modulus) and morphology of the cells. Our results demonstrate that ILs act on the physical properties of the outer cell layer (the membrane linked to the actin cytoskeleton), already at concentrations below the EC50. These potentially toxic effects are stronger at higher IL concentrations, as well as with longer lateral chains in the cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Galluzzi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , Guangdong , China
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 16 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Carsten Schulte
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 16 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Paolo Milani
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 16 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- C.I.Ma.I.Na and Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 16 , 20133 Milano , Italy
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Miskiewicz A, Ceranowicz P, Szymczak M, Bartuś K, Kowalczyk P. The Use of Liquids Ionic Fluids as Pharmaceutically Active Substances Helpful in Combating Nosocomial Infections Induced by Klebsiella Pneumoniae New Delhi Strain, Acinetobacter Baumannii and Enterococcus Species. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2779. [PMID: 30223584 PMCID: PMC6163946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review deals with various microbiological activities of ionic liquids, which constitute the first anti-infective defense against multi-drug-resistant bacteria-with a particular emphasis placed on medicine and pharmacology. The quoted data on the biological activity of ionic liquids including their antimicrobial properties (depending on the type of a cation or an anion) and are discussed in view of possible applications in nosocomial infections. Dedicated attention is given to finding infections with the Klebsiella pneumoniae New Delhi strain, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Enterococcus species, which are responsible for the induction of antibiotic resistance in intensive care units. Diagnosis and treatment using current antibiotics is a significant problem in hospital care, and the relevant burden on the health systems of the European Union member states induces the search for new, effective methods of treatment. Ionic liquids, due to their antibacterial effect, can be considered topical and general medications and may provide the basis for treatment to eliminate the antibiotic resistance phenomenon in the future. At present, the number of infections with resistant pathogens in hospitals and outpatient clinics in the European Union is growing. In 2015⁻2017, a significant incidence of respiratory and bloodstream infections with bacteria resistant to antibiotics from the 3rd generation group of cephalosporins, glycopeptides, and carbapenems were observed. The paper presents examples of synthesized bifunctional salts with at least one pharmaceutically active ion in obtaining a controlled release, controlled delivery, and biological impact on the pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi. The ionic liquids obtained in the presented way may find applications in the treatment of wounds and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Miskiewicz
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 18 Miodowa St., 00-246 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Ceranowicz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Szymczak
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 36 Rakowiecka St., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Bartuś
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, JP II Hospital, 80 Prądnicka St., 31-202 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
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46
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Benedetto A, Ballone P. Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids and Biomembranes: Setting the Stage for Applications in Pharmacology, Biomedicine, and Bionanotechnology. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:9579-9597. [PMID: 29510045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Empirical evidence and conceptual elaboration reveal and rationalize the remarkable affinity of organic ionic liquids for biomembranes. Cations of the so-called room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), in particular, are readily absorbed into the lipid fraction of biomembranes, causing a variety of observable biological effects, including generic cytotoxicity, broad antibacterial potential, and anticancer activity. Chemical physics analysis of model systems made of phospholipid bilayers, RTIL ions, and water confirm and partially explain this evidence, quantifying the mild destabilizing effect of RTILs on the structural, dynamic, and thermodynamic properties of lipids in biomembranes. Our Feature Article presents a brief introduction to these systems and to their roles in biophysics and biotechnology, summarizing recent experimental and computational results on their properties. More importantly, it highlights the many developments in pharmacology, biomedicine, and bionanotechnology expected from the current research effort on this topic. To anticipate future developments, we speculate on (i) potential applications of (magnetic) RTILs to affect and control the rheology of cells and biological tissues, of great relevance for diagnostics and (ii) the use of RTILs to improve the durability, reliability, and output of biomimetic photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Benedetto
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering , Paul Scherrer Institute , Villigen 5232 , Switzerland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research , University College Dublin , Dublin 4 , Ireland
| | - Pietro Ballone
- Italian Institute of Technology , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
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1-Benzyl-3-cetyl-2-methylimidazolium Iodide (NH125) Is a Broad-Spectrum Inhibitor of Virus Entry with Lysosomotropic Features. Viruses 2018; 10:v10060306. [PMID: 29874821 PMCID: PMC6024324 DOI: 10.3390/v10060306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular kinases are crucial for the transcription/replication of many negative-strand RNA viruses and might serve as targets for antiviral therapy. In this study, a library comprising 80 kinase inhibitors was screened for antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a prototype member of the family Rhabdoviridae. 1-Benzyl-3-cetyl-2-methylimidazolium iodide (NH125), an inhibitor of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) kinase, significantly inhibited entry of single-cycle VSV encoding a luciferase reporter. Treatment of virus particles had only minimal effect on virus entry, indicating that the compound primarily acts on the host cell rather than on the virus. Accordingly, resistant mutant viruses were not detected when the virus was passaged in the presence of the drug. Unexpectedly, NH125 led to enhanced, rather than reduced, phosphorylation of eEF2, however, it did not significantly affect cellular protein synthesis. In contrast, NH125 revealed lysosomotropic features and showed structural similarity with N-dodecylimidazole, a known lysosomotropic agent. Related alkylated imidazolium compounds also exhibited antiviral activity, which was critically dependent on the length of the alkyl group. Apart from VSV, NH125 inhibited infection by VSV pseudotypes containing the envelope glycoproteins of viruses that are known to enter cells in a pH-dependent manner, i.e. avian influenza virus (H5N1), Ebola virus, and Lassa virus. In conclusion, we identified an alkylated imidazolium compound which inhibited entry of several viruses not because of the previously postulated inhibition of eEF2 kinase but most likely because of its lysosomotropic properties.
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48
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Zhou S, Zhu G, Kang X, Li Q, Sha M, Cui Z, Xu X. Molecular dynamics simulation of the ionic liquid N-octylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate and acetonitrile: Thermodynamic and structural properties. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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49
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Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Ionic liquids in whole-cell biocatalysis: a compromise between toxicity and efficiency. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:881-900. [PMID: 29313188 PMCID: PMC5988618 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparison of chemical catalysis by metal complexes, enzymatic catalysis and whole-cell biocatalysis shows well-addressed advantages of the latter approach. However, a critical limitation in the practical applications originates from the high sensitivity of microorganisms to the toxic effects of organic solvents. In the present review, we consider toxic solvent properties of ionic liquid/water systems towards the development of efficient applications in practical organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S Egorova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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50
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Ibsen KN, Ma H, Banerjee A, Tanner EEL, Nangia S, Mitragotri S. Mechanism of Antibacterial Activity of Choline-Based Ionic Liquids (CAGE). ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2370-2379. [PMID: 33435102 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The continued emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms has severely depleted our arsenal of effective antimicrobials. Ionic liquids (ILs) show great promise as antibacterial agents but understanding the mechanism of attack on bacterial cells is key to ensuring that design of IL-based biocides impart maximum efficacy with minimal toxicity, while also avoiding the potential for the target organisms to become resistant. Here we report the antibacterial attributes of a set of choline and geranate (CAGE)-based ILs and identify the mechanism by which they interact with the Gram-negative cell wall of Escherichia coli. CAGE is envisaged as an antimicrobial agent to treat topical infections in skin. Our earlier work has shown that CAGE is highly effective across a breadth of bacterial, fungal, and viral species and is benign to human cells. This combination makes CAGE an ideal antimicrobial for human use. Four CAGE variants with varying ratios of choline and geranic acid were synthesized and tested for their antibacterial activity (1:4, 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1 choline:geranic acid). The minimum bactericidal concentration required to kill E. coli correlated with the geranic acid content. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we identified the mechanism of CAGE action on the E. coli membrane, namely that choline is attracted to the negatively charged cell membrane and consequently inserts geranic acid into the lipid bilayer. The disruption of the cell membrane was confirmed with propidium iodide staining via flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy. Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of treated cells showed an altered lipid profile similar to phase transition, indicating the disruption of the lipid bilayer conformation. E. coli cells repeatedly exposed to CAGE did not exhibit resistance. This study provides the fundamental mechanism of the action of choline-based ILs on Gram-negative bacteria and demonstrates the promise of CAGE as a powerful antimicrobial agent to treat infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N Ibsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Huilin Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Amrita Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Eden E L Tanner
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Shikha Nangia
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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