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Ma X, Sheng L, Li F, Zhou T, Guo J, Chang Y, Yang J, Jin Y, Chen Y, Lu X. Seasonal drought promotes citrate accumulation in citrus fruit through the CsABF3-activated CsAN1-CsPH8 pathway. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1131-1145. [PMID: 38482565 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Plenty of rainfall but unevenly seasonal distribution happens regularly in southern China. Seasonal drought from summer to early autumn leads to citrus fruit acidification, but how seasonal drought regulates citrate accumulation remains unknown. Herein, we employed a set of physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches to reveal that CsABF3 responds to seasonal drought stress and modulates citrate accumulation in citrus fruits by directly regulating CsAN1 and CsPH8. Here, we demonstrated that irreversible acidification of citrus fruits is caused by drought lasting for > 30 d during the fruit enlargement stage. We investigated the transcriptome characteristics of fruits affected by drought and corroborated the pivotal roles of a bHLH transcription factor (CsAN1) and a P3A-ATPase gene (CsPH8) in regulating citrate accumulation in response to drought. Abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive element binding factor 3 (CsABF3) was upregulated by drought in an ABA-dependent manner. CsABF3 activated CsAN1 and CsPH8 expression by directly and specifically binding to the ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) in the promoters and positively regulated citrate accumulation. Taken together, this study sheds new light on the regulatory module ABA-CsABF3-CsAN1-CsPH8 responsible for citrate accumulation under drought stress, which advances our understanding of quality formation of citrus fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Sheng
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Institute of Horticulture, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, 410125, Changsha, China
| | - Tie Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Jin
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Yuewen Chen
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, 410128, Changsha, China
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Wang P, Feng X, Jiang J, Yan P, Li Z, Luo W, Chen Y, Ye W. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Fruit Quality Formation in Actinidia eriantha Benth. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4079. [PMID: 38140408 PMCID: PMC10747155 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Actinidia chinensis Planch. is a fruit tree originating from China that is abundant in the wild. Actinidia eriantha Benth. is a type of A. chinensis that has emerged in recent years. The shape of A. eriantha is an elongated oval, and the skin is covered with dense, non-shedding milk-white hairs. The mature fruit has flesh that is bright green in colour, and the fruit has a strong flavour and a grass-like smell. It is appreciated for its rich nutrient content and unique flavour. Vitamin C, sugar, and organic acids are key factors in the quality and flavour composition of A. eriantha but have not yet been systematically analysed. Therefore, we sequenced the transcriptome of A. eriantha at three developmental stages and labelled them S1, S2, and S3, and comparisons of S1 vs. S2, S1 vs. S3, and S2 vs. S3 revealed 1218, 4019, and 3759 upregulated differentially expressed genes and 1823, 3415, and 2226 downregulated differentially expressed genes, respectively. Furthermore, the upregulated differentially expressed genes included 213 core genes, and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that they were enriched in hormones, sugars, organic acids, and many organic metabolic pathways. The downregulated differentially expressed genes included 207 core genes, which were enriched in the light signalling pathway. We further constructed the metabolic pathways of sugars, organic acids, and vitamin C in A. eriantha and identified the genes involved in vitamin C, sugar, and organic acid synthesis in A. eriantha fruits at different stages. During fruit development, the vitamin C content decreased, the carbohydrate compound content increased, and the organic acid content decreased. The gene expression patterns were closely related to the accumulation patterns of vitamin C, sugars, and organic acids in A. eriantha. The above results lay the foundation for the accumulation of vitamin C, sugars, and organic acids in A. eriantha and for understanding flavour formation in A. eriantha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Wang
- Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shaxian 365051, China; (P.W.); (J.J.); (Z.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization in Fujian Province (Mountain Area), Shaxian 365051, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Fruit Tree Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Jinlan Jiang
- Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shaxian 365051, China; (P.W.); (J.J.); (Z.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization in Fujian Province (Mountain Area), Shaxian 365051, China
| | - Peipei Yan
- Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shaxian 365051, China; (P.W.); (J.J.); (Z.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization in Fujian Province (Mountain Area), Shaxian 365051, China
| | - Zunwen Li
- Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shaxian 365051, China; (P.W.); (J.J.); (Z.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization in Fujian Province (Mountain Area), Shaxian 365051, China
| | - Weihong Luo
- Institute of Horticultural Plant Bioengineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Yiting Chen
- Fruit Tree Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Wei Ye
- Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shaxian 365051, China; (P.W.); (J.J.); (Z.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization in Fujian Province (Mountain Area), Shaxian 365051, China
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Huang XY, Xiang Y, Zhao YW, Wang CK, Wang JH, Wang WY, Liu XL, Sun Q, Hu DG. Regulation of a vacuolar proton-pumping P-ATPase MdPH5 by MdMYB73 and its role in malate accumulation and vacuolar acidification. ABIOTECH 2023; 4:303-314. [PMID: 38106434 PMCID: PMC10721769 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
As the main organic acid in fruits, malate is produced in the cytoplasm and is then transported into the vacuole. It accumulates by vacuolar proton pumps, transporters, and channels, affecting the taste and flavor of fruits. Among the three types of proton pumps (V-ATPases, V-PPases, and P-ATPases), the P-ATPases play an important role in the transport of malate into vacuoles. In this study, the transcriptome data, collected at different stages after blooming and during storage, were analyzed and the results demonstrated that the expression of MdPH5, a vacuolar proton-pumping P-ATPase, was associated with both pre- and post-harvest malate contents. Moreover, MdPH5 is localized at the tonoplast and regulates malate accumulation and vacuolar pH. In addition, MdMYB73, an upstream MYB transcription factor of MdPH5, directly binds to its promoter, thereby transcriptionally activating its expression and enhancing its activity. In this way, MdMYB73 can also affect malate accumulation and vacuolar pH. Overall, this study clarifies how MdMYB73 and MdPH5 act to regulate vacuolar malate transport systems, thereby affecting malate accumulation and vacuolar pH. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-023-00115-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Huang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Ying Xiang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhao
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Chu-Kun Wang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Wen-Yan Wang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Xiao-Long Liu
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Quan Sun
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
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Su L, Zhang T, Wu M, Zhong Y, Cheng Z(M. Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveal Sugar and Organic Acid Accumulation in Rosa roxburghii Fruit. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3036. [PMID: 37687283 PMCID: PMC10490343 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Sugars and organic acids significantly impact fruit sensory quality, but their accumulation patterns and regulatory mechanisms during the development of Rosa roxburghii fruit are still unclear. We utilized transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate genes related to sugar and organic acid metabolism in Rosa roxburghii. Metabolomics data revealed that sucrose, glucose and fructose were the primary sugars, whereas citric acid and malic acid were the primary organic acids in Rosa roxburghii fruit. We constructed the metabolic pathways of major sugars and organic acids in Rosa roxburghii and identified five key genes involved in sugar and organic acid synthesis. In addition, we identified a module containing 132 transcription factors that was significantly associated with sucrose, citric acid and malic acid. Based on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), we identified 13 transcription factors involved in sugar and organic acid metabolism, including the transcription factor RrANL2 and the sucrose synthase gene RrSUS3. Further yeast one-hybrid and dual luciferase assays showed that RrANL2 could bind to the promoter of RrSUS3 to increase its expression. These results provide new insights into the metabolism of sugars and organic acids in Rosa roxburghii fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zongming (Max) Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Park MH, Yang HJ, Malka SK. Hormonal regulation of ethylene response factors in tomato during storage and distribution. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1197776. [PMID: 37448864 PMCID: PMC10338070 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1197776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Ethylene response factors (ERFs) play a critical role in regulating hormone interactions that affect the shelf life of tomatoes. Understanding their regulation during storage and distribution can be highly beneficial. Methods This study examined the effects of treatment with ethylene (ET), brassinosteroid (BR), auxin (AUX), and gibberellin (GA) on fruit ripening and the expression of 18 ripening-associated ERFs in tomato stored at 20°C (room temperature) for 10 d or 4°C (cold storage) for 14 d followed by 2 d at 20°C (retailer conditions). Results The results showed that ripening was accelerated by ET and BR but was delayed by AUX and GA at room temperature. Cold storage delayed ripening in all groups, with ET and GA treatments showing the highest and lowest a* values, respectively. The effects of hormone treatment were consistent with room temperature when the fruits were transferred from cold storage to retail conditions. At room temperature, ERFs responsive to ET (ERF.B1, B2, B6, E2, and F1) and BR (ERF.E5, F2, and F3) were inhibited by AUX. ET-induced genes (ERF.C1, E1, F4, and H7) could be co-regulated by other hormones at cold storage. When the fruits were transferred from cold storage to retailer conditions, ERFs responsive to ET and BR were inhibited by GA. Additionally, ET-responsive ERFs could be inhibited by BR at room temperature, whereas ET could inhibit BR-responsive ERFs at retailer conditions. The same ERFs that were regulated by ET at room temperature were instead regulated by BR under retailer conditions, and vice versa. Discussion These findings can help provide a better understanding of the complex hormone interactions regulating the postharvest physiology of tomato and in maintaining its quality and shelf life during storage and distribution.
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Jin Y, Liao M, Li N, Ma X, Zhang H, Han J, Li D, Yang J, Lu X, Long G, Deng Z, Sheng L. Weighted gene coexpression correlation network analysis reveals the potential molecular regulatory mechanism of citrate and anthocyanin accumulation between postharvest 'Bingtangcheng' and 'Tarocco' blood orange fruit. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:296. [PMID: 37268922 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organic acids and anthocyanins are the most important compounds for the flavor and nutritional quality of citrus fruit. However, there are few reports on the involvement of co-regulation of citrate and anthocyanin metabolism. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis to elucidate the genes and pathways involved in both citrate and anthocyanin accumulation in postharvest citrus fruit with 'Tarocco' blood orange (TBO; high accumulation) and 'Bingtangcheng' sweet orange (BTSO; low accumulation). RESULTS A robust core set of 825 DEGs were found to be temporally associated with citrate and anthocyanin accumulation throughout the storage period through transcriptome analysis. Further according to the results of weighted gene coexpression correlation network analysis (WGCNA), the turquoise and brown module was highly positively correlated with both of the content of citrate and anthocyanin, and p-type ATPase (PH8), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase (PEPCK), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) and glutathione S transferase (GST) were considered key structural genes. Moreover, MYB family transcription factor (PH4), Zinc finger PHD-type transcription factor (CHR4, HAC12), Zinc finger SWIM-type transcription factor (FAR1) and Zinc finger C3H1-type transcription factor (ATC3H64) were considered hub genes related to these structural genes. Further qRT-PCR analysis verified that these transcription factors were highly expressed in TBO fruit and their expression profiles were significantly positively correlated with the structural genes of citrate and anthocyanin metabolism as well as the content of citrate and anthocyanin content. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the CHR4, FAR1, ATC3H64 and HAC12 may be the new transcription regulators participate in controlling the level of citrate and anthocyanin in postharvest TBO fruit in addition to PH4. These results may providing new insight into the regulation mechanism of citrate and anthocyanin accumulation in citrus fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Manyu Liao
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Na Li
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Jian Han
- Hunan Horticultural Research Institute, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Dazhi Li
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Guiyou Long
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Ziniu Deng
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China
| | - Ling Sheng
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, CS, China.
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Chen T, Niu J, Sun Z, Chen J, Wang Y, Chen J, Luan M. Transcriptome Analysis and VIGS Identification of Key Genes Regulating Citric Acid Metabolism in Citrus. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4647-4664. [PMID: 37367044 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus (Citrus reticulata) is one of the world's most widely planted and highest-yielding fruit trees. Citrus fruits are rich in a variety of nutrients. The content of citric acid plays a decisive role in the flavor quality of the fruit. There is a high organic acid content in early-maturing and extra-precocious citrus varieties. Reducing the amount of organic acid after fruit ripening is significant to the citrus industry. In this study, we selected a low-acid variety, "DF4", and a high-acid variety, "WZ", as research materials. Through WGCNA analysis, two differentially expressed genes, citrate synthase (CS) and ATP citrate-pro-S-lyase (ACL), were screened out, which related to the changing citric acid. The two differentially expressed genes were preliminarily verified by constructing a virus-induced gene-silencing (VIGS) vector. The VIGS results showed that the citric acid content was negatively correlated with CS expression and positively correlated with ACL expression, while CS and ACL oppositely control citric acid and inversely regulate each other. These results provide a theoretical basis for promoting the breeding of early-maturing and low-acid citrus varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Juan Niu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Zhimin Sun
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Mingbao Luan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
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Wang P, Lu S, Cao X, Ma Z, Chen B, Mao J. Physiological and transcriptome analyses of the effects of excessive water deficit on malic acid accumulation in apple. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:851-866. [PMID: 36579825 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Acidity is a determinant of the organoleptic quality of apple, whereas its regulatory mechanism under water stress remains obscure. Fruit from apple 'Yanfu 3' of Fuji trees grown under normal water irrigation (CK), excessive water deficit treatment (DRT) and excessive water irrigation treatment (WAT) were sampled at 85, 100, 115, 130, 145, 160 and 175 days after full bloom designated stages S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7, respectively. DRT treatment reduced the individual fruit weight and fruit moisture content, and increased fruit firmness. The malate content of DRT treatment was higher than that of CK and WAT from stages S1 to S7. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of the transcriptome at stages S4, S6 and S7 indicated that malate anabolism was associated with cysteine and methionine, auxin signaling, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate and pyruvate metabolism. Overexpression of MdPEPC4 increased the malate content in apple calli induced by 4% PEG. Our study provides novel insights into the effects of water stress on the molecular mechanism underlying apple fruit acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shixiong Lu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xuejing Cao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zonghuan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Baihong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Juan Mao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Structural and Functional Diversity of Two ATP-Driven Plant Proton Pumps. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054512. [PMID: 36901943 PMCID: PMC10003446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two ATP-dependent proton pumps function in plant cells. Plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PM H+-ATPase) transfers protons from the cytoplasm to the apoplast, while vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), located in tonoplasts and other endomembranes, is responsible for proton pumping into the organelle lumen. Both enzymes belong to two different families of proteins and, therefore, differ significantly in their structure and mechanism of action. The plasma membrane H+-ATPase is a member of the P-ATPases that undergo conformational changes, associated with two distinct E1 and E2 states, and autophosphorylation during the catalytic cycle. The vacuolar H+-ATPase represents rotary enzymes functioning as a molecular motor. The plant V-ATPase consists of thirteen different subunits organized into two subcomplexes, the peripheral V1 and the membrane-embedded V0, in which the stator and rotor parts have been distinguished. In contrast, the plant plasma membrane proton pump is a functional single polypeptide chain. However, when the enzyme is active, it transforms into a large twelve-protein complex of six H+-ATPase molecules and six 14-3-3 proteins. Despite these differences, both proton pumps can be regulated by the same mechanisms (such as reversible phosphorylation) and, in some processes, such as cytosolic pH regulation, may act in a coordinated way.
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10
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Wang JH, Gu KD, Zhang QY, Yu JQ, Wang CK, You CX, Cheng L, Hu DG. Ethylene inhibits malate accumulation in apple by transcriptional repression of aluminum-activated malate transporter 9 via the WRKY31-ERF72 network. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 36747049 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Malic acid accumulation in the vacuole largely determines acidity and perception of sweetness of apple. It has long been observed that reduction in malate level is associated with increase in ethylene production during the ripening process of climacteric fruits, but the molecular mechanism linking ethylene to malate reduction is unclear. Here, we show that ethylene-modulated WRKY transcription factor 31 (WRKY31)-Ethylene Response Factor 72 (ERF72)-ALUMINUM ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER 9 (Ma1) network regulates malate accumulation in apple fruit. ERF72 binds to the promoter of ALMT9, a key tonoplast transporter for malate accumulation of apple, transcriptionally repressing ALMT9 expression in response to ethylene. WRKY31 interacts with ERF72, suppressing its transcriptional inhibition activity on ALMT9. In addition, WRKY31 directly binds to the promoters of ERF72 and ALMT9, transcriptionally repressing and activating ERF72 and ALMT9, respectively. The expression of WRKY31 decreases in response to ethylene, lowering the transcription of ALMT9 directly and via its interactions with ERF72. These findings reveal that the regulatory complex WRKY31 forms with ERF72 responds to ethylene, linking the ethylene signal to ALMT9 expression in reducing malate transport into the vacuole during fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Kai-Di Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Quan-Yan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Yu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Chu-Kun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Lailiang Cheng
- Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
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Pan T, Kong L, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhou J, Fu Z, Pan H, She W, Yu Y. Fruit quality and volatile constituents of a new very early-ripening pummelo ( Citrus maxima) cultivar 'Liuyuezao'. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1089009. [PMID: 36699855 PMCID: PMC9868557 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1089009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
'Liuyuezao' (LYZ) pummelo (Citrus maxima) originated from a spontaneous bud sport on a 'Guanxi' (GXB) pummelo tree and was released as a new very early-season cultivar. The objective of this study was to present the sensory and nutritional profiles of LYZ fruits, and compare it with other major commercialized pummelo cultivars including GXB, 'Sanhong' (SH) and 'Hongrou' (HR). LYZ had higher contents of organic acids (12.01 mg/g), phenols (669.01 mg/L), vitamin C (75.73 mg/100 mL) and stronger antioxidant capacity (77.65 mg/100 mL) but lower levels of soluble sugars (62.85 mg/g), carotenoids (0.25 mg/L) and flavonoids (46.3 mg/L) when compared to the other pummelos. Moreover, a smaller number (49) and much less content (7.63) of fruit volatiles were detected in LYZ than them in GXB, SH and HR. The relatively high levels of fructose (20.6 mg/g) and organic acids and low levels of volatile compounds in LYZ mainly contributed to its sweet and mildly sour taste and moderate aroma of pummelo note. LYZ is presented as an alternative pummelo cultivar with the potential for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Pan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lingchao Kong
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijun Fu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Heli Pan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenqin She
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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12
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Wang R, Chen L, Jia Y, Liu L, Sun L, Liu Y, Li Y. Heat production and volatile biosynthesis are linked via alternative respiration in Magnolia denudata during floral thermogenesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:955665. [PMID: 36311085 PMCID: PMC9614359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.955665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Floral thermogenesis is coupled with odor emission in known thermogenic plants. It is widely accepted that elevation in floral temperature can help release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, no information is available about whether floral thermogenesis is associated with VOC biosynthesis. Here, we used RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) to draw a gene expression atlas of floral thermogenesis in Magnolia denudata and captured an upregulation of Alternative Oxidase (AOX) during floral thermogenesis. Western blot analyses also suggested upregulation of AOX during floral thermogenesis. Moreover, oxygen consumption analyses revealed increased activity of the AOX respiration pathway during floral thermogenesis. Using HPLC analyses, we further found that increased AOX respiration substantially promoted production of citric acid by 1.35 folds, which provided fundamental metabolite skeletons for biosynthesis of VOCs. RNA-Seq also showed upregulation of genes regulating lignin catabolism, which was in agreement with in situ Raman chemical imaging of lignin. Taken together, our results suggest the central role of AOX by coupling heat production and VOC biosynthesis in floral thermogenesis of M. denudata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Liya Liu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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13
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Xue S, Wan X, Lu S, Zhong Y, Xie D. A time-course transcriptome analysis of wax gourd fruit development reveals predominant genes regulating taste and nutrition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:971274. [PMID: 36161022 PMCID: PMC9493329 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.971274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wax gourd, which belongs to Cucurbitaceae, is an excellent plant resource with the concomitant function of both medicine and foodstuff. Its unique taste and rich nutrition are deeply accepted by consumers. However, the main flavor and nutrients are still unclear, which restricts the quality breeding process of wax gourd. Here, we discovered that monosaccharides, malic acid and citrulline affect the flavor and nutrition of wax gourd and clarified the dynamic accumulation process of these metabolites. To gain insights into the underlying predominant genes regulating accumulation of these metabolites, we performed a time-course transcriptome analysis using RNA-sequencing analysis and compared the expression of screened genes among twenty-four germplasms with different metabolites levels. In addition, the expression abundance among the homologous genes were also analyzed. Finally, a total of 8 genes related to sugar [AGA2 (Bhi03G001926), SUS (Bhi12G001032)], malic acid [MDH (Bhi12G001426, Bhi01G000427), PEPC (Bhi12G000721, Bhi09G002867), ME (Bhi01G002616)] and citrulline [ASS (Bhi02G000401)], respectively were determined. In summary, understanding the core genes influencing taste or nutrition will provide a theoretical basis for fruit quality improvement in wax gourd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudan Xue
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Wan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujuan Zhong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dasen Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Perez-Roman E, Borredá C, Tadeo FR, Talon M. Transcriptome analysis of the pulp of citrus fruitlets suggests that domestication enhanced growth processes and reduced chemical defenses increasing palatability. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:982683. [PMID: 36119632 PMCID: PMC9478336 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.982683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To identify key traits brought about by citrus domestication, we have analyzed the transcriptomes of the pulp of developing fruitlets of inedible wild Ichang papeda (Citrus ichangensis), acidic Sun Chu Sha Kat mandarin (C. reticulata) and three palatable segregants of a cross between commercial Clementine (C. x clementina) and W. Murcott (C. x reticulata) mandarins, two pummelo/mandarin admixtures of worldwide distribution. RNA-seq comparison between the wild citrus and the ancestral sour mandarin identified 7267 differentially expressed genes, out of which 2342 were mapped to 117 KEGG pathways. From the remaining genes, a set of 2832 genes was functionally annotated and grouped into 45 user-defined categories. The data suggest that domestication promoted fundamental growth processes to the detriment of the production of chemical defenses, namely, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, glucosinolates and cyanogenic glucosides. In the papeda, the generation of energy to support a more active secondary metabolism appears to be dependent upon upregulation of glycolysis, fatty acid degradation, Calvin cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP-citrate lyase and GABA pathways. In the acidic mandarin, downregulation of cytosolic citrate degradation was concomitant with vacuolar citrate accumulation. These changes affected nitrogen and carbon allocation in both species leading to major differences in organoleptic properties since the reduction of unpleasant secondary metabolites increases palatability while acidity reduces acceptability. The comparison between the segregants and the acidic mandarin identified 357 transcripts characterized by the occurrence in the three segregants of additional downregulation of secondary metabolites and basic structural cell wall components. The segregants also showed upregulation of genes involved in the synthesis of methyl anthranilate and furaneol, key substances of pleasant fruity aroma and flavor, and of sugar transporters relevant for sugar accumulation. Transcriptome and qPCR analysis in developing and ripe fruit of a set of genes previously associated with citric acid accumulation, demonstrated that lower acidity is linked to downregulation of these regulatory genes in the segregants. The results suggest that the transition of inedible papeda to sour mandarin implicated drastic gene expression reprograming of pivotal pathways of the primary and secondary metabolism, while palatable mandarins evolved through progressive refining of palatability properties, especially acidity.
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15
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Liu S, Liu X, Gou B, Wang D, Liu C, Sun J, Yin X, Grierson D, Li S, Chen K. The Interaction Between CitMYB52 and CitbHLH2 Negatively Regulates Citrate Accumulation by Activating CitALMT in Citrus Fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:848869. [PMID: 35386675 PMCID: PMC8978962 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.848869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Citric acid plays significant roles in numerous physiological processes in plants, including carbon metabolism, signal transduction, and tolerance to environmental stress. For fruits, it has a major effect on fruit organoleptic quality by directly influencing consumer taste. Citric acid in citrus is mainly regulated by the balance between synthesis, degradation, and vacuolar storage. The genetic and molecular regulations of citric acid synthesis and degradation have been comprehensively elucidated. However, the transporters for citric acid in fruits are less well understood. Here, an aluminum-activated malate transporter, CitALMT, was characterized. Transient overexpression and stable transformation of CitALMT significantly reduced citrate concentration in citrus fruits and transgenic callus. Correspondingly, transient RNA interference-induced silencing of CitALMT and increased citrate significantly, indicating that CitALMT plays an important role in regulating citrate concentration in citrus fruits. In addition, dual-luciferase assays indicated that CitMYB52 and CitbHLH2 could trans-activate the promoter of CitALMT. EMSA analysis showed that CitbHLH2 could physically interact with the E-box motif in the CitALMT promoter. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, yeast two-hybrid, coimmunoprecipitation and transient overexpression, and RNAi assay indicated that the interaction between CitMYB52 and CitbHLH2 could synergistically trans-activate CitALMT to negatively regulate citrate accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchao Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xincheng Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bangrui Gou
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Chunrong Liu
- Quzhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Quzhou, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Zhejiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueren Yin
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Donald Grierson
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Shaojia Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Reshef N, Karn A, Manns DC, Mansfield AK, Cadle-Davidson L, Reisch B, Sacks GL. Stable QTL for malate levels in ripe fruit and their transferability across Vitis species. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac009. [PMID: 35369130 PMCID: PMC8968676 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Malate is a major contributor to the sourness of grape berries (Vitis spp.) and their products, such as wine. Excessive malate at maturity, commonly observed in wild Vitis grapes, is detrimental to grape and wine quality and complicates the introgression of valuable disease resistance and cold hardy genes through breeding. This study investigated an interspecific Vitis family that exhibited strong and stable variation in malate at ripeness for five years and tested the separate contribution of accumulation, degradation, and dilution to malate concentration in ripe fruit in the last year of study. Genotyping was performed using transferable rhAmpSeq haplotype markers, based on the Vitis collinear core genome. Three significant QTL for ripe fruit malate on chromosomes 1, 7, and 17, accounted for over two-fold and 6.9 g/L differences, and explained 40.6% of the phenotypic variation. QTL on chromosomes 7 and 17 were stable in all and in three out of five years, respectively. Variation in pre-veraison malate was the major contributor to variation in ripe fruit malate (39%), and based on two and five years of data, respectively, their associated QTL overlapped on chromosome 7, indicating a common genetic basis. However, use of transferable markers on a closely related Vitis family did not yield a common QTL across families. This suggests that diverse physiological mechanisms regulate the levels of this key metabolite in the Vitis genus, a conclusion supported by a review of over a dozen publications from the past decade, showing malate-associated genetic loci on all 19 chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avinash Karn
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - David C Manns
- Department of Food Science, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | | | | | - Bruce Reisch
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Gavin L Sacks
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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17
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Wang Q, Cao K, Cheng L, Li Y, Guo J, Yang X, Wang J, Khan IA, Zhu G, Fang W, Chen C, Wang X, Wu J, Xu Q, Wang L. Multi-omics approaches identify a key gene, PpTST1, for organic acid accumulation in peach. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac026. [PMID: 35184194 PMCID: PMC9171119 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic acid content in fruit is an important determinant of peach organoleptic quality, which undergoes considerable variations during development and maturation. However, its molecular mechanism remains largely unclear. In this study, an integrative approach of genome-wide association studies and comparative transcriptome analysis were applied to identify candidate genes involved in organic acid accumulation in peach. A key gene PpTST1, encoding tonoplast sugar transporter, was identified and the genotype of PpTST1 with a single-base transversion (G1584T) in the third exon which leads to a single amino acid substitution (Q528H) was associated with low level of organic acid content in peach. Overexpression of PpTST1His resulted in reduced organic acid content along with increased sugar content both in peach and tomato fruits, suggesting its dual function in sugar accumulation and organic acid content reduction. Two V-type proton ATPases interact with PpTST1 in yeast two-hybridization assay. In addition, the G1584T transversion appeared and gradually accumulated during domestication and improvement, which indicated that PpTST1 was under selection. The identification and characterization of PpTST1 would facilitate the improvement of peach fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Lailiang Cheng
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Xuanwen Yang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Irshad Ahmad Khan
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Gengrui Zhu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Weichao Fang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Changwen Chen
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Xinwei Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Jinlong Wu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
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18
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Wang C, Xiang Y, Qian D. Current progress in plant V-ATPase: From biochemical properties to physiological functions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 266:153525. [PMID: 34560396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase, VHA) is a highly conserved, ATP-driven multisubunit proton pump that is widely distributed in all eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase consists of two domains formed by at least 13 different subunits, the membrane peripheral V1 domain responsible for ATP hydrolysis, and the membrane-integral V0 domain responsible for proton translocation. V-ATPase plays an essential role in energizing secondary active transport and is indispensable to plants. In addition to multiple stress responses, plant V-ATPase is also implicated in physiological processes such as growth, development, and morphogenesis. Based on the identification of distinct V-ATPase mutants and advances in luminal pH measurements in vivo, it has been revealed that this holoenzyme complex plays a pivotal role in pH homeostasis of the plant endomembrane system and endocytic and secretory trafficking. Here, we review recent progress in comprehending the biochemical properties and physiological functions of plant V-ATPase and explore the topics that require further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dong Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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19
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Li Q, Qiao X, Jia L, Zhang Y, Zhang S. Transcriptome and Resequencing Analyses Provide Insight into Differences in Organic Acid Accumulation in Two Pear Varieties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179622. [PMID: 34502530 PMCID: PMC8456318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit acidity is one of the main determinants of fruit flavor and a target trait in fruit breeding. However, the genomic mechanisms governing acidity variation among different pear varieties remain poorly understood. In this study, two pear varieties with contrasting organic acid levels, ‘Dangshansuli’ (low-acidity) and ‘Amute’ (high-acidity), were selected, and a combination of transcriptome and population genomics analyses were applied to characterize their patterns of gene expression and genetic variation. Based on RNA-seq data analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in organic acid metabolism and accumulation were identified. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that nine candidate TCA (tricarboxylic acid)-related DEGs and three acid transporter-related DEGs were located in three key modules. The regulatory networks of the above candidate genes were also predicted. By integrating pear resequencing data, two domestication-related genes were found to be upregulated in ‘Amute’, and this trend was further validated for other pear varieties with high levels of organic acid, suggesting distinct selective sweeps during pear dissemination and domestication. Collectively, this study provides insight into organic acid differences related to expression divergence and domestication in two pear varieties, pinpointing several candidate genes for the genetic manipulation of acidity in pears.
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20
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Wang W, Li T, Chen Q, Deng B, Deng L, Zeng K. Transcription Factor CsWRKY65 Participates in the Establishment of Disease Resistance of Citrus Fruits to Penicillium digitatum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5671-5682. [PMID: 33988021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium digitatum is the primary pathogen that causes serious yield losses worldwide. In our previous study, CsWRKY transcription factors (TFs) and some genes associated with immunity were identified in citrus fruits after P. digitatum infection, but little information is available in the literature on the mechanisms of TFs in citrus disease resistance. In this study, the possible mechanisms of CsWRKY65 participating in the establishment of disease resistance were investigated. Results show that CsWRKY65 was a transcriptional activator in the nucleus. The dual-luciferase transient assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that CsWRKY65 bound with CsRbohB, CsRbohD, CsCDPK33, and CsPR10 promoters to activate gene transcription. Besides, the transient overexpression of CsWRKY65 induced reactive oxygen species accumulation and increased PR gene expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The transient overexpression of CsWRKY65 in the citrus peel enhanced the disease resistance against P. digitatum. In conclusion, CsWRKY65 is likely to be involved in regulating the disease resistance to P. digitatum of citrus fruits by directly activating the expressions of CsRbohB, CsRbohD, CsCDPK33, and CsPR10. This study provides new information for the mechanism of citrus WRKY TFs participating in the establishment of disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Bing Deng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Lili Deng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Research Center of Food Storage & Logistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Kaifang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Research Center of Food Storage & Logistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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21
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Zhu K, Sun Q, Chen H, Mei X, Lu S, Ye J, Chai L, Xu Q, Deng X. Ethylene activation of carotenoid biosynthesis by a novel transcription factor CsERF061. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3137-3154. [PMID: 33543285 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chromoplast-specific lycopene β-cyclase (LCYb2) is a critical carotenogenic enzyme, which controls the massive accumulation of downstream carotenoids, especially provitamin A carotenoids, in citrus. Its regulatory metabolism is largely unknown. Here, we identified a group I ethylene response factor, CsERF061, in citrus by yeast one-hybrid screen with the promoter of LCYb2. The expression of CsERF061 was induced by ethylene. Transcript and protein levels of CsERF061 were increased during fruit development and coloration. CsERF061 is a nucleus-localized transcriptional activator, which directly binds to the promoter of LCYb2 and activates its expression. Overexpression of CsERF061 in citrus calli and tomato fruits enhanced carotenoid accumulation by increasing the expression of key carotenoid pathway genes, and increased the number of chromoplasts needed to sequester the elevated concentrations of carotenoids, which was accompanied by changes in the concentrations of abscisic acid and gibberellin. Electrophoretic mobility shift and dual-luciferase assays verified that CsERF061 activates the promoters of nine other key carotenoid pathway genes, PSY1, PDS, CRTISO, LCYb1, BCH, ZEP, NCED3, CCD1, and CCD4, revealing the multitargeted regulation of CsERF061. Collectively, our findings decipher a novel regulatory network of carotenoid enhancement by CsERF061, induced by ethylene, which will be useful for manipulating carotenoid accumulation in citrus and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuehan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Suwen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junli Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lijun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Umer MJ, Bin Safdar L, Gebremeskel H, Zhao S, Yuan P, Zhu H, Kaseb MO, Anees M, Lu X, He N, Gong C, Liu W. Identification of key gene networks controlling organic acid and sugar metabolism during watermelon fruit development by integrating metabolic phenotypes and gene expression profiles. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:193. [PMID: 33328462 PMCID: PMC7705761 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The organoleptic qualities of watermelon fruit are defined by the sugar and organic acid contents, which undergo considerable variations during development and maturation. The molecular mechanisms underlying these variations remain unclear. In this study, we used transcriptome profiles to investigate the coexpression patterns of gene networks associated with sugar and organic acid metabolism. We identified 3 gene networks/modules containing 2443 genes highly correlated with sugars and organic acids. Within these modules, based on intramodular significance and Reverse Transcription Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), we identified 7 genes involved in the metabolism of sugars and organic acids. Among these genes, Cla97C01G000640, Cla97C05G087120 and Cla97C01G018840 (r2 = 0.83 with glucose content) were identified as sugar transporters (SWEET, EDR6 and STP) and Cla97C03G064990 (r2 = 0.92 with sucrose content) was identified as a sucrose synthase from information available for other crops. Similarly, Cla97C07G128420, Cla97C03G068240 and Cla97C01G008870, having strong correlations with malic (r2 = 0.75) and citric acid (r2 = 0.85), were annotated as malate and citrate transporters (ALMT7, CS, and ICDH). The expression profiles of these 7 genes in diverse watermelon genotypes revealed consistent patterns of expression variation in various types of watermelon. These findings add significantly to our existing knowledge of sugar and organic acid metabolism in watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jawad Umer
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luqman Bin Safdar
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Haileslassie Gebremeskel
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shengjie Zhao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pingli Yuan
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongju Zhu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - M O Kaseb
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Anees
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuqiang Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nan He
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengsheng Gong
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenge Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou, China.
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Zhang Z, Shi Y, Ma Y, Yang X, Yin X, Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Liu W, Li Y, Li S, Liu X, Grierson D, Allan AC, Jiang G, Chen K. The strawberry transcription factor FaRAV1 positively regulates anthocyanin accumulation by activation of FaMYB10 and anthocyanin pathway genes. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:2267-2279. [PMID: 32216018 PMCID: PMC7589338 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The RAV (related to ABI3/viviparous 1) group of transcription factors (TFs) play multifaceted roles in plant development and stress responses. Here, we show that strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) FaRAV1 positively regulates anthocyanin accumulation during fruit ripening via a hierarchy of activation processes. Dual-luciferase assay screening of all fruit-expressed AP2/ERFs showed FaRAV1 had the highest transcriptional activation of the promoter of FaMYB10, a key activator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that FaRAV1 could directly bind to the promoter of FaMYB10. Transient overexpression of FaRAV1 in strawberry fruit increased FaMYB10 expression and anthocyanin production significantly. Correspondingly, transient RNA interference-induced silencing of FaRAV1 led to decreases in FaMYB10 expression and anthocyanin content. Transcriptome analysis of FaRAV1-overexpressing strawberry fruit revealed that transcripts of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes were up-regulated. Luciferase assays showed that FaRAV1 could also activate the promoters of strawberry anthocyanin biosynthetic genes directly, revealing a second level of FaRAV1 action in promoting anthocyanin accumulation. These results show that FaRAV1 stimulates anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry both by direct activation of anthocyanin pathway gene promoters and by up-regulation of FaMYB10, which also positively regulates these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuying Zhang
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yanna Shi
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant GrowthDevelopment and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuchen Ma
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Institute of HorticultureZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Xueren Yin
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant GrowthDevelopment and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuwei Xiao
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wenli Liu
- College of Mathematical ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yunduan Li
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Shaojia Li
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant GrowthDevelopment and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant GrowthDevelopment and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Donald Grierson
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant GrowthDevelopment and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Division of Plant and Crop SciencesSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
| | - Andrew C. Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Institute of HorticultureZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant GrowthDevelopment and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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24
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Wu W, Wang MM, Gong H, Liu XF, Guo DL, Sun NJ, Huang JW, Zhu QG, Chen KS, Yin XR. High CO2/hypoxia-induced softening of persimmon fruit is modulated by DkERF8/16 and DkNAC9 complexes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2690-2700. [PMID: 31926021 PMCID: PMC7210769 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Most persimmon (Diospyros kaki) cultivars are astringent and require post-harvest deastringency treatments such as 95% CO2 (high-CO2 treatment) to make them acceptable to consumers. High-CO2 treatment can, however, also induce excessive softening, which can be reduced by adding 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Previous studies have shown that genes encoding the ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORS (ERFs) DkERF8/16/19 can trans-activate xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (DkXTH9), which encodes the cell wall-degrading enzyme associated with persimmon fruit softening. In this study, RNA-seq data between three treatments were compared, namely high-CO2, high-CO2+1-MCP, and controls. A total of 227 differentially expressed genes, including 17 transcription factors, were predicted to be related to persimmon post-deastringency softening. Dual-luciferase assays indicated that DkNAC9 activated the DkEGase1 promoter 2.64-fold. Synergistic effects on transcription of DkEGase1 that involved DkNAC9 and the previously reported DkERF8/16 were identified. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that DkNAC9 could physically bind to the DkEGase1 promoter. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and firefly luciferase complementation imaging assays indicated protein-protein interactions between DkNAC9 and DkERF8/16. Based on these findings, we conclude that DkNAC9 is a direct transcriptional activator of DkEGase1 that can co-operate with DkERF8/16 to enhance fruit post-deastringency softening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miao-miao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Henan, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-fen Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Da-long Guo
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ning-jing Sun
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Baoshan University, Baoshan, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-wen Huang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing-gang Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun-song Chen
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue-ren Yin
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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25
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Gao J, Zhang Y, Li Z, Liu M. Role of ethylene response factors (ERFs) in fruit ripening. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyz042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ethylene response factors (ERFs) belong to the APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily and act downstream of the ethylene signalling pathway to regulate the expression of ethylene responsive genes. In different species, ERFs have been reported to be involved in plant development, flower abscission, fruit ripening, and defense responses. In this review, based on the new progress made by recent studies, we summarize the specific role and mode of action of ERFs in regulating different aspects of ripening in both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, and provide new insights into the role of ethylene in non-climacteric fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Yaoxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, China
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu
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26
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Citrus Taste Modification Potentials by Genetic Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246194. [PMID: 31817978 PMCID: PMC6940753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are mainly consumed as fresh fruit and processed juice products. They serve as nutritional and a tasty diet in our daily life. However, the formidable bitterness and delayed bitterness significantly impact the citrus industry attributable to the two major bitter compounds naringin and limonin. The extremely sour and acidic also negatively affects the sensory quality of citrus products. Citrus breeding programs have developed different strategies to improve citrus quality and a wealth of studies have aimed to uncover the genetic and biochemical basis of citrus flavor. In this minireview, we outline the major genes characterized to be involved in pathways shaping the sweet, bitter, or sour taste in citrus, and discuss briefly about the possible approaches to modify citrus taste by genetic engineering.
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27
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Srivastava R, Kumar R. The expanding roles of APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Factors and their potential applications in crop improvement. Brief Funct Genomics 2019; 18:240-254. [PMID: 30783669 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular basis of the gene-regulatory networks underlying agronomic traits or plant responses to abiotic/biotic stresses is very important for crop improvement. In this context, transcription factors, which either singularly or in conjugation directly control the expression of many target genes, are suitable candidates for improving agronomic traits via genetic engineering. In this regard, members of one of the largest class of plant-specific APETALA2/Ethylene Response Factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily, which is implicated in various aspects of development and plant stress adaptation responses, are considered high-value targets for crop improvement. Besides their long-known regulatory roles in mediating plant responses to abiotic stresses such as drought and submergence, the novel roles of AP2/ERFs during fruit ripening or secondary metabolites production have also recently emerged. The astounding functional plasticity of AP2/ERF members is considered to be achieved by their interplay with other regulatory networks and signalling pathways. In this review, we have integrated the recently accumulated evidence from functional genomics studies and described their newly emerged functions in plants. The key structural features of AP2/ERF proteins and the modes of their action are briefly summarized. The importance of AP2/ERFs in plant development and stress responses and a summary of the event of their successful applications in crop improvement programs are also provided. Altogether, we envisage that the synthesized information presented in this review will be useful to design effective strategies for improving agronomic traits in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Srivastava
- Plant Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Plant Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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28
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Ma B, Liao L, Fang T, Peng Q, Ogutu C, Zhou H, Ma F, Han Y. A Ma10 gene encoding P-type ATPase is involved in fruit organic acid accumulation in apple. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:674-686. [PMID: 30183123 PMCID: PMC6381788 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Acidity is one of the main determinants of fruit organoleptic quality. Here, comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted between two cultivars that showed a significant difference in fruit acidity, but contained homozygous non-functional alleles at the major gene Ma1 locus controlling apple fruit acidity. A candidate gene for fruit acidity, designated M10, was identified. The M10 gene encodes a P-type proton pump, P3A -ATPase, which facilitates malate uptake into the vacuole. The Ma10 gene is significantly associated with fruit malate content, accounting for ~7.5% of the observed phenotypic variation in apple germplasm. Subcellular localization assay showed that the Ma10 is targeted to the tonoplast. Overexpression of the Ma10 gene can complement the defect in proton transport of the mutant YAK2 yeast strain and enhance the accumulation of malic acid in apple callus. Moreover, its ectopic expression in tomato induces a decrease in fruit pH. These results suggest that the Ma10 gene has the capacity for proton pumping and plays an important role in fruit vacuolar acidification in apple. Our study provides useful knowledge towards comprehensive understanding of the complex mechanism regulating apple fruit acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiquan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AppleCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Liao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Sino‐African Joint Research CenterChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Ting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Collins Ogutu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Sino‐African Joint Research CenterChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AppleCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Yuepeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty AgricultureWuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Sino‐African Joint Research CenterChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
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29
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Terol J, Nueda MJ, Ventimilla D, Tadeo F, Talon M. Transcriptomic analysis of Citrus clementina mandarin fruits maturation reveals a MADS-box transcription factor that might be involved in the regulation of earliness. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:47. [PMID: 30704398 PMCID: PMC6357379 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harvest time is a relevant economic trait in citrus, and selection of cultivars with different fruit maturity periods has a remarkable impact in the market share. Generation of early- and late-maturing cultivars is an important target for citrus breeders, therefore, generation of knowledge regarding the genetic mechanisms controlling the ripening process and causing the early and late phenotypes is crucial. In this work we analyze the evolution of the transcriptome during fruit ripening in 3 sport mutations derived from the Fina clementine (Citrus clementina) mandarin: Clemenules (CLE), Arrufatina (ARR) and Hernandina (HER) that differ in their harvesting periods. CLE is considered a mid-season cultivar while ARR and HER are early- and late-ripening mutants, respectively. RESULTS We used RNA-Seq technology to carry out a time course analysis of the transcriptome of the 3 mutations along the ripening period. The results indicated that in these mutants, earliness and lateness during fruit ripening correlated with the advancement or delay in the expression of a set of genes that may be implicated in the maturation process. A detailed analysis of the transcription factors known to be involved in the regulation of fruit ripening identified a member of the MADS box family whose expression was lower in ARR, the early-ripening mutant, and higher in HER, the late-ripening mutant. The pattern of expression of this gene during the maturation period was basically contrary to those of the ethylene biosynthetic genes, SAM and ACC synthases and ACC oxidase. The gene was present in hemizygous dose in the early-ripening mutant. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis provides new clues about the genetic control of fruit ripening in citrus and allowed the identification of a transcription factor that could be involved in the early phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Terol
- Centro de Genómica, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), 46113 Moncada, Valencia Spain
| | - M. José Nueda
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Daniel Ventimilla
- Centro de Genómica, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), 46113 Moncada, Valencia Spain
| | - Francisco Tadeo
- Centro de Genómica, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), 46113 Moncada, Valencia Spain
| | - Manuel Talon
- Centro de Genómica, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), 46113 Moncada, Valencia Spain
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30
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Zhong W, Li X, Yang H, Li E. A novel, effective, and feasible method for deacidifying kiwifruit wine by weakly basic ion exchange resins. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhong
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China
| | - Xinyue Li
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China
| | - Hong Yang
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University)Ministry of Education Wuhan China
| | - Erhu Li
- College of Food Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University)Ministry of Education Wuhan China
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31
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Shi CY, Hussain SB, Guo LX, Yang H, Ning DY, Liu YZ. Genome-wide identification and transcript analysis of vacuolar-ATPase genes in citrus reveal their possible involvement in citrate accumulation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 155:147-154. [PMID: 30121429 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) proton pump plays an important role in the acidification of vacuoles; however, genes encoding V-ATPase in the citrus genome and their roles in citric acid accumulation remain unclear in citrus fruit. In this study, we found at least one gene encoding subunit A, B, C, D, G, c'', d or e; two genes encoding the subunit E, F, H or a; and four genes encoding subunit c in the citrus genome. Spatial expression analysis showed that most genes were predominantly expressed in the mature leaves and/or flowers but were less expressed in root and juice cells. Two sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) cultivars, 'Anliu' (AL) and 'Hong Anliu' (HAL), which differ in terms of fruit acidity, were used in this study. The citric acid content was significantly higher in 'AL' fruits than in 'HAL' fruits over the entire experimental period (82 days-236 days after full blossom, DAFB). Transcript analysis showed that the transcript levels of most subunit genes, including V1-A, V1-B, V1-C, V1-E1, V1-G, V1-H2 and V0-a2, V0-c", V0-c4, and V0-d, were significantly lower in 'HAL' than in 'AL' fruits during fruit development and ripening. Moreover, ABA injection significantly increased the citric acid content, simultaneously accompanied by the obvious induction of V1-A, V1-C, V1-E1, V1-F1, V1-H2, V0-a1, V0-a2, V0-c1, V0-c2, V0-c4, and V0-d transcription levels. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that V1-A, V1-C, V1-E1, V1-H2, V0-a2, V0-c4, and V0-d may play more roles than other subunit genes in the vacuole acidification of citrus fruits. The lower activity of V-ATPase caused by the transcript reduction of some subunit genes may be one reason for the low citrate accumulation in 'HAL' juice sacs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Syed Bilal Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Ling-Xia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Huan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Dong-Yuan Ning
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yong-Zhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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Beauvoit B, Belouah I, Bertin N, Cakpo CB, Colombié S, Dai Z, Gautier H, Génard M, Moing A, Roch L, Vercambre G, Gibon Y. Putting primary metabolism into perspective to obtain better fruits. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:1-21. [PMID: 29718072 PMCID: PMC6025238 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Background One of the key goals of fruit biology is to understand the factors that influence fruit growth and quality, ultimately with a view to manipulating them for improvement of fruit traits. Scope Primary metabolism, which is not only essential for growth but is also a major component of fruit quality, is an obvious target for improvement. However, metabolism is a moving target that undergoes marked changes throughout fruit growth and ripening. Conclusions Agricultural practice and breeding have successfully improved fruit metabolic traits, but both face the complexity of the interplay between development, metabolism and the environment. Thus, more fundamental knowledge is needed to identify further strategies for the manipulation of fruit metabolism. Nearly two decades of post-genomics approaches involving transcriptomics, proteomics and/or metabolomics have generated a lot of information about the behaviour of fruit metabolic networks. Today, the emergence of modelling tools is providing the opportunity to turn this information into a mechanistic understanding of fruits, and ultimately to design better fruits. Since high-quality data are a key requirement in modelling, a range of must-have parameters and variables is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isma Belouah
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Sophie Colombié
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sci Agro, F-Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Annick Moing
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Léa Roch
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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He X, Huo Y, Liu X, Zhou Q, Feng S, Shen X, Li B, Wu S, Chen X. Activation of disease resistance against Botryosphaeria dothidea by downregulating the expression of MdSYP121 in apple. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2018; 5:24. [PMID: 29736249 PMCID: PMC5928070 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-018-0030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the vesicle fusion process plays a vital role in pathogen defence. However, the importance of the vesicle fusion process in apple ring rot has not been studied. Here, we isolated and characterised the apple syntaxin gene MdSYP121. Silencing the MdSYP121 gene in transgenic apple calli increased tolerance to Botryosphaeria dothidea infection; this increased tolerance was correlated with salicylic acid (SA) synthesis-related and signalling-related gene transcription. In contrast, overexpressing MdSYP121 in apple calli resulted in the opposite phenotypes. In addition, the results of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays suggested that MdSYP121 plays an important role in responses to oxidation-reduction reactions. Silencing MdSYP121 in apple calli enhanced the expression levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes and the activity of ROS-related enzymes. The enhanced defence response status in MdSYP121-RNAi lines suggests that syntaxins are involved in the defence response to B. dothidea. More importantly, we showed that MdSYP121 forms a soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex with MdSNAP33, and the complex may participate in regulating resistance to B. dothidea. In conclusion, by regulating the interaction of SA pathway and oxidation-reduction process, MdSYP121 can influence the pathogen infection process in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street No. 61, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 China
| | - Yanhong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street No. 61, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 China
| | - Xiuxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street No. 61, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street No. 61, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 China
| | - Shouqian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street No. 61, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 China
| | - Xiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street No. 61, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 China
| | - Baohua Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road No. 700, Qingdao, Shandong 266109 China
| | - Shujing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street No. 61, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street No. 61, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 China
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Wang L, Sun Y, Xia XL, Jiang TB. Screening of proteins interacting with ERF transcriptional factor from Populus simonii × P.nigra by yeast two-hybrid method. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1453309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Plant Science, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xin-Li Xia
- Department of Plant Science, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ting-Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
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Nardozza S, Boldingh HL, Wohlers MW, Gleave AP, Luo Z, Costa G, MacRae EA, Clearwater MJ, Richardson AC. Exogenous cytokinin application to Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa 'Hayward' fruit promotes fruit expansion through water uptake. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2017; 4:17043. [PMID: 28944065 PMCID: PMC5605667 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2017.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous application of a cytokinin-like compound forchlorfenuron (CPPU) can promote fruit growth, although often at the expense of dry matter (DM), an important indicator of fruit quality. Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa 'Hayward' fruit are very responsive to CPPU treatments, but the mechanism underlying the significant fruit weight increase and associated decrease in DM is unclear. In this study, we hypothesised that CPPU-enhanced growth increases fruit carbohydrate demand, but limited carbohydrate supply resulted in decreased fruit DM. During fruit development, CPPU effects on physical parameters, metabolites, osmotic pressure and transcriptional changes were assessed under conditions of both standard and a high carbohydrate supply. We showed that CPPU increased fruit fresh weight but the dramatic DM decrease was not carbohydrate limited. Enhanced glucose and fructose concentrations contributed to an increase in soluble carbohydrate osmotic pressure, which was correlated with increased water accumulation in CPPU-treated fruit and up-regulation of water channel aquaporin gene PIP2.4 at 49 days after anthesis. Transcipt analysis suggested that the molecular mechanism contributing to increased glucose and fructose concentrations was altered by carbohydrate supply. At standard carbohydrate supply, the early glucose increase in CPPU fruit was associated with reduced starch synthesis and increased starch degradation. When carbohydrate supply was high, the early glucose increase in CPPU fruit was associated with a general decrease in starch synthesis but up-regulation of vacuolar invertase and fructokinase genes. We conclude that CPPU affected fruit expansion by increasing the osmotically-driven water uptake and its effect was not carbohydrate supply-limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Nardozza
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR), Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Helen L Boldingh
- PFR, Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Mark W Wohlers
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR), Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew P Gleave
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR), Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhiwei Luo
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR), Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Guglielmo Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienzie Agrarie, Università di Bologna, Via Fanin 46, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - Elspeth A MacRae
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR), Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
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36
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Arro J, Cuenca J, Yang Y, Liang Z, Cousins P, Zhong GY. A transcriptome analysis of two grapevine populations segregating for tendril phyllotaxy. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2017; 4:17032. [PMID: 28713572 PMCID: PMC5506248 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2017.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The shoot structure of cultivated grapevine Vitis vinifera L. typically exhibits a three-node modular repetitive pattern, two sequential leaf-opposed tendrils followed by a tendril-free node. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis of this pattern by characterizing differentially expressed genes in 10 bulk samples of young tendril tissue from two grapevine populations showing segregation of mutant or wild-type shoot/tendril phyllotaxy. One population was the selfed progeny and the other one, an outcrossed progeny of a Vitis hybrid, 'Roger's Red'. We analyzed 13 375 expressed genes and carried out in-depth analyses of 324 of them, which were differentially expressed with a minimum of 1.5-fold changes between the mutant and wild-type bulk samples in both selfed and cross populations. A significant portion of these genes were direct cis-binding targets of 14 transcription factor families that were themselves differentially expressed. Network-based dependency analysis further revealed that most of the significantly rewired connections among the 10 most connected hub genes involved at least one transcription factor. TCP3 and MYB12, which were known important for plant-form development, were among these transcription factors. More importantly, TCP3 and MYB12 were found in this study to be involved in regulating the lignin gene PRX52, which is important to plant-form development. A further support evidence for the roles of TCP3-MYB12-PRX52 in contributing to tendril phyllotaxy was the findings of two other lignin-related genes uniquely expressed in the mutant phyllotaxy background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Arro
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Jose Cuenca
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Yingzhen Yang
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Gan-Yuan Zhong
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
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Li SJ, Yin XR, Wang WL, Liu XF, Zhang B, Chen KS. Citrus CitNAC62 cooperates with CitWRKY1 to participate in citric acid degradation via up-regulation of CitAco3. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68. [PMID: 28633340 PMCID: PMC5853897 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Citric acid is the predominant organic acid of citrus fruit. Degradation of citric acid occurs during fruit development, influencing fruit acidity. Associations of CitAco3 transcripts and citric acid degradation have been reported for citrus fruit. Here, transient overexpression of CitAco3 significantly reduced the citric acid content of citrus leaves and fruits. Using dual luciferase assays, it was shown that CitNAC62 and CitWRKY1 could transactivate the promoter of CitAco3. Subcellular localization results showed that CitWRKY1 was located in the nucleus and CitNAC62 was not. Yeast two-hybrid analysis and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays indicated that the two differently located transcription factors could interact with each other. Furthermore, BiFC showed that the protein-protein interaction occurred only in the nucleus, indicating the potential mobility of CitNAC62 in plant cells. A synergistic effect on citrate content was observed between CitNAC62 and CitWRKY1. Transient overexpression of CitNAC62 or CitWRKY1 led to significantly lower citrate content in citrus fruit. The combined expression of CitNAC62 and CitWRKY1 resulted in lower citrate content compared with the expression of CitNAC62 or CitWRKY1 alone. The transcript abundance of CitAco3 was consistent with the citrate content. Thus, we propose that a complex of CitWRKY1 and CitNAC62 contributes to citric acid degradation in citrus fruit, potentially via modulation of CitAco3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-jia Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-ren Yin
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen-li Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-fen Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun-song Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, China
- Correspondence:
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Xie XL, Xia XJ, Kuang S, Zhang XL, Yin XR, Yu JQ, Chen KS. A novel ethylene responsive factor CitERF13 plays a role in photosynthesis regulation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 256:112-119. [PMID: 28167024 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene responsive factors (ERFs) act as critical downstream components of the ethylene signalling pathway in regulating plant development and stress responses. However little is known about its role in regulation of photosynthesis. Here, we identified an ethylene-inducible ERF gene in citrus, CitERF13. Transient over-expression of CitERF13 in N. tabacum leaves, resulted in a significant decrease in net photosynthetic rate. Closer examination of photosynthetic activity of PSII and PSI indicated that CitERF13 overexpression led to declines of Fv/Fm, Y(II) and Y(I). However, change in NPQ was less pronounced. CitERF13 overexpression also significantly reduced Vc,max, Jmax and AQY, indicating inhibition of the Calvin cycle. The expression of photosynthesis-related genes was suppressed to a variable extent in leaf blades transiently over-expressing CitERF13. CitERF13 transient overexpression in tobacco or citrus both resulted in a decline of Chlorophyll content and CitERF13 overexpressing tobacco leaf disc was more susceptible to chlorosis in response to MV-mediated oxidative stress. The results suggest that CitERF13 is potentially involved in suppressing photosynthesis through multiple pathways, for instance, inhibiting photochemical activity of photosynthesis, CO2 carboxylation capacity and chlorophyll metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Lan Xie
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jian Xia
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Sheng Kuang
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xi-Li Zhang
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xue-Ren Yin
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Jing-Quan Yu
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Kun-Song Chen
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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