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Fan Y, Wu P, Sun Q, Yu B, Zhang Y, Wei J, Pan G, Li C, Zhou Z. The development of single-chain antibody anchored on the BmE cell membrane to inhibit BmNPV infection. J Invertebr Pathol 2023; 198:107937. [PMID: 37209810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2023.107937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) poses a significant threat to sericulture production, and traditional sanitation practices remain the main strategy for controlling BmNPV infection. Although RNAi targeting BmNPV genes engineered into transgenic silkworms has shown to be a promising approach in reducing viral infection, it cannot block viral entry into host cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new effective prevention and control measures. In this study, we screened a monoclonal antibody 6C5 that potently neutralizes BmNPV infection by clamping the internal fusion loop of the BmNPVglycoprotein64 (GP64). Furthermore, we cloned the VH and VL fragments of mAb-6C5 from the hybridoma cell, and the eukaryotic expression vector of scFv6C5 was constructed to anchor the antibody on the cell membrane. The GP64 fusion loop antibody-expressing cells exhibited a reduced capacity for BmNPV infection. The results from our study provide a novel BmNPV control strategy and lay the foundation for the future development of transgenic silkworms with improved antiviral efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youpeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Quan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yonghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Junhong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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2
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Identification of Key Genes Involved in Resistance to Early Stage of BmNPV Infection in Silkworms. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112405. [PMID: 36366503 PMCID: PMC9694779 DOI: 10.3390/v14112405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is one of the most serious pathogens restricting the sustainable development of the sericulture industry. Currently, there is no effective treatment for BmNPV infection in silkworms, and the mechanism underlying BmNPV resistance in silkworms is also not clear. In this study, comparative transcriptome analyses were carried out in midguts of two silkworm varieties, namely BaiyuN, which is a resistance variety, and Baiyu, which is a susceptible variety, at five different time points (i.e., 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 h) post-BmNPV infection to detect the early-stage transcriptional changes in these silkworms. In total, 1911 and 1577 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the Baiyu and BaiyuN varieties, respectively, involving a total of 48 metabolic pathways. Of these pathways, eight were shared by the Baiyu and BaiyuN varieties in response to BmNPV infection. Notably, four genes (i.e., BGIBMGA08815, BGIBMGA003935, BGIBMGA003571, BGIBMGA010059) were upregulated in the Baiyu variety while downregulated in the BaiyuN variety. The inhibited expression of these four genes in the resistant variety highlighted their potential roles in the resistance of early-stage viral replication. Thus, our study provided a new avenue for the further study of the mechanism underlying BmNPV infection in silkworms and the potential treatment of BmNPV infection.
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3
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Schelle L, Côrte-Real JV, Esteves PJ, Abrantes J, Baldauf HM. Functional cross-species conservation of guanylate-binding proteins in innate immunity. Med Microbiol Immunol 2022; 212:141-152. [PMID: 35416510 PMCID: PMC9005921 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-022-00736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) represent an evolutionary ancient protein family widely distributed among eukaryotes. They are interferon (IFN)-inducible guanosine triphosphatases that belong to the dynamin superfamily. GBPs are known to have a major role in the cell-autonomous innate immune response against bacterial, parasitic and viral infections and are also involved in inflammasome activation. Evolutionary studies depicted that GBPs present a pattern of gain and loss of genes in each family with several genes pseudogenized and some genes more divergent, indicative for the birth-and-death evolution process. Most species harbor large GBP gene clusters encoding multiple paralogs. Previous functional studies mainly focused on mouse and human GBPs, but more data are becoming available, broadening the understanding of this multifunctional protein family. In this review, we will provide new insights and give a broad overview about GBP evolution, conservation and their roles in all studied species, including plants, invertebrates and vertebrates, revealing how far the described features of GBPs can be transferred to other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Schelle
- Faculty of Medicine, Max Von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, LMU München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - João Vasco Côrte-Real
- Faculty of Medicine, Max Von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, LMU München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377, Munich, Germany.,CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Pedro José Esteves
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,CITS-Center of Investigation in Health Technologies, CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Joana Abrantes
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.,BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Hanna-Mari Baldauf
- Faculty of Medicine, Max Von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, LMU München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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4
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Pan X, Luo Y, Liao N, Zhang Y, Xiao M, Chen P, Lu C, Dong Z. CRISPR/Cpf1 multiplex genome editing system increases silkworm tolerance to BmNPV. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 200:566-573. [PMID: 35066025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology is now widely used in insect studies, but the use of CRISPR can be further increased to improve insect genome engineering. We established a direct mutation at multiple loci in several genes simultaneously used by CRISPR/Cpf1 multiplex genome editing technology to target the BmNPV genome. We constructed a transgenic line that can target the BmNPV ie-1, gp64, and DNApoly genes simultaneously, and hybridized this line with an FnCpf1 transgenic line to obtain an FnCpf1 × gNPVM binary hybrid expression system and to activate the FnCpf1 gene editing system. We showed that the multiple gene editing system introduced deletions, mutations, and insertions at three target sites, and that it did not affect the economic traits of transgenic silkworm lines. The antiviral response of multiplexed genome editing lines increased significantly, and viral gene transcription and replication were significantly affected in the transgenic silkworm lines. This study provides innovative resistance materials for silkworm breeding and also provides a simplified platform for efficient insect multi genome engineering and genetic operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Nachuan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Miao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Zhanqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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5
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Liu TH, Dong XL, Chen P, Zhang Q, Zhou XL, Lu C, Pan MH. Geminin is essential for DNA re-replication in the silk gland cells of silkworms. Exp Cell Res 2022; 410:112951. [PMID: 34843715 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Endoreplication, known as endocycles or endoreduplication, is a cell cycle variant in which the genomic DNA is re-replicated without mitosis leading to polyploidy. Endoreplication is essential for the development and functioning of the different organs in animals and plants. Deletion of Geminin, a DNA replication licensing inhibitor, causes DNA re-replication or damage. However, the role of Geminin in endoreplication is still unclear. Here, we studied the role of Geminin in the endoreplication of the silk gland cells of silkworms by constructing two transgenic silkworm strains, including BmGeminin1-overexpression and BmGeminin1-RNA interference. Interference of BmGeminin1 led to body weight gain, increased silk gland volume, increased DNA content, and enhanced DNA re-replication activity relative to wild-type Dazao. Meanwhile, overexpression of BmGeminin1 showed an opposite phenotype compared to the BmGem1-RNAi strain. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing of the transgenic strains was carried out to explore how BmGeminin1 regulates DNA re-replication. Our data demonstrated a vital role of Geminin in the regulation of endoreplication in the silk gland of silkworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China; Department of Bioinformatics, Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District of Chongqing, 400015, China
| | - Xiao-Long Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Min-Hui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China; Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District of Chongqing, 400716, China.
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6
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Liu Y, Chen D, Zhang X, Chen S, Yang D, Tang L, Yang X, Wang Y, Luo X, Wang M, Hu Z, Huang Y. Construction of Baculovirus-Inducible CRISPR/Cas9 Antiviral System Targeting BmNPV in Bombyx mori. Viruses 2021; 14:59. [PMID: 35062262 PMCID: PMC8780094 DOI: 10.3390/v14010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The silkworm Bombyx mori is an economically important insect. The sericulture industry is seriously affected by pathogen infections. Of these pathogens, Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) causes approximately 80% of the total economic losses due to pathogen infections. We previously constructed a BmNPV-specific CRISPR/Cas9 silkworm line with significantly enhanced resistance to BmNPV. In order to optimize the resistance properties and minimize its impact on economic traits, we constructed an inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system for use in transgenic silkworms. We used the 39k promoter, which is induced by viral infection, to express Cas9 and the U6 promoter to express four small guide RNA targeting the genes encoding BmNPV late expression factors 1 and 3 (lef-1 and lef-3, respectively), which are essential for viral DNA replication. The system was rapidly activated when the silkworm was infected and showed considerably higher resistance to BmNPV infection than the wild-type silkworm. The inducible system significantly reduced the development effects due to the constitutive expression of Cas9. No obvious differences in developmental processes or economically important characteristics were observed between the resulting transgenic silkworms and wild-type silkworms. Adoption of this accurate and highly efficient inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting BmNPV DNA replication will result in enhanced antivirus measures during sericulture, and our work also provides insights into the broader application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the control of infectious diseases and insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongbin Chen
- Department of Sericulture, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- China College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Shuqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dehong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linmeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xingyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
| | - Yongping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
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7
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Liu TH, Wei Y, Dong XL, Chen P, Wang L, Yang X, Lu C, Pan MH. The dual roles of three MMPs and TIMP in innate immunity and metamorphosis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. FEBS J 2021; 289:2828-2846. [PMID: 34862848 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitory factors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), are implicated in many diseases. However, the mammalian MMPs (> 20) and TIMPs (> 3) are larger in number, and so little is known about their individual roles in organisms. Hence, we have systematically studied the roles of all three MMPs and one TIMP in silkworm innate immunity and metamorphosis. We observed that MMPs and TIMP are highly expressed during the pupation stage of the silkworms, and TIMP could interact with each MMPs. High-activity MMPs and low-activity TIMP may enhance the infection of B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus in both in vitro and in vivo. MMPs' knockout and TIMP overexpression delayed silkworm development and even caused death. Interestingly, different MMPs' knockout led to different tubular tissue dysplasia. These findings provide insights into the conserved functions of MMPs and TIMP in human organogenesis and immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Long Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min-Hui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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8
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Cao HH, Zhang SZ, Zhu LB, Wang J, Liu YX, Wang YL, Kong X, You LL, Toufeeq S, Liu SH, Xu JP. The digestive proteinase trypsin, alkaline A contributes to anti-BmNPV activity in silkworm (Bombyx mori). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:104035. [PMID: 33535067 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a serious pathogenic microorganism that causes tremendous loss to sericulture. Previous studies have found that some proteins of serine protease family in the digestive juice of B. mori larvae have anti-BmNPV activity. In our previous publication about proteome analysis of the digestive juice of B. mori larvae, the digestive enzyme trypsin, alkaline A (BmTA) was filtered as a differentially expressed protein possibly involved in BmNPV resistance. Here, the biological characteristics and anti-BmNPV functions of BmTA were comprehensively analysed. The cDNA sequence of BmTA had an ORF of 768 nucleotides encoding 255 amino acid residues. Domain architecture analysis showed that BmTA contained a signal peptide and a typical Tryp_SPc domain. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that BmTA was highly expressed in the larval stages and specifically expressed in the midgut of B. mori larvae. The expression level of BmTA in BmNPV resistant strain A35 was higher than that in susceptible strain P50. After BmNPV infection, the expression of BmTA increased in both strains from 24 to 72 h. Virus amplification analysis showed that the relative levels of VP39 in B. mori larvae and BmN cells infected with the appropriate concentration of recombinant-BmTA-treated BmNPV were significantly lower than in the control groups. Moreover, overexpression of BmTA in BmN cells significantly inhibited the amplification of BmNPV. Taken together, the results of this study indicated that BmTA possessed anti-BmNPV activity in B. mori, which broadens the horizon for virus-resistant breeding of silkworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hua Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shang-Zhi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Lin-Bao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ying-Xue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yu-Ling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xue Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ling-Ling You
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shahzad Toufeeq
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shi-Huo Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, 230036, China.
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9
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Jiang L, Goldsmith MR, Xia Q. Advances in the Arms Race Between Silkworm and Baculovirus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:628151. [PMID: 33633750 PMCID: PMC7900435 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.628151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects are the largest group of animals. Nearly all organisms, including insects, have viral pathogens. An important domesticated economic insect is the silkworm moth Bombyx mori. B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a typical baculovirus and a primary silkworm pathogen. It causes major economic losses in sericulture. Baculoviruses are used in biological pest control and as a bioreactor. Silkworm and baculovirus comprise a well-established model of insect–virus interactions. Several recent studies have focused on this model and provided novel insights into viral infections and host defense. Here, we focus on baculovirus invasion, silkworm immune response, baculovirus evasion of host immunity, and enhancement of antiviral efficacy. We also discuss major issues remaining and future directions of research on silkworm antiviral immunity. Elucidation of the interaction between silkworm and baculovirus furnishes a theoretical basis for targeted pest control, enhanced pathogen resistance in economically important insects, and bioreactor improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Marian R Goldsmith
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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10
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Wang XY, Zhao CX, Wang X, Zhao ZQ, Su ZH, Xu PZ, Li MW, Wu YC. The validation of the role of several genes related to Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection in vivo. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 106:e21762. [PMID: 33415772 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is one of primary silkworm pathogens and causes a serious damage of cocoon losses every year. Recent years, many works have been done to clarify the silkworm anti-BmNPV mechanism, and a significant progress has been made in screening and studying of genes and proteins related to BmNPV infection, but several of them lacked the proofs in vivo. In this study, to further validate the function of seven newly reported genes in vivo, including BmAtlatin-n, Bmferritin-heavy chain (BmFerHCH), Bmthymosin (BmTHY), Bmseroin1, Bmseroin2, Bmnuclear hormone receptors 96 (BmNHR96), and BmE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SINA-like 10 (BmSINAL10), the response of them in the midgut, fat body, and hemolymph of differentially resistant strains (resistant strain YeA and susceptible strain YeB) at 48 h following BmNPV infection were analyzed. The results showed that the relative stable or upregulated expression level of BmAtlatin-n, BmTHY, Bmseroin1, and Bmseroin2 in YeA resistant strain following BmNPV infection further indicated their antiviral role in vivo, compared with susceptible YeB strain. Moreover, the significant downregulation of BmFerHCH, BmNHR96, and BmSINAL10 in both strains following BmNPV infection revealed their role in benefiting virus infection, as well as the upregulation of BmFerHCH in YeB midgut and BmSINAL10 in YeB hemolymph. These data could be used to complementary the proofs of the function of these genes in response to BmNPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi-Qin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping-Zhen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mu-Wang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang-Chun Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Dong Z, Zheng N, Hu C, Huang X, Chen P, Wu Q, Deng B, Lu C, Pan M. Genetic bioengineering of overexpressed guanylate binding protein family BmAtlastin-n enhances silkworm resistance to Nosema bombycis. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:223-230. [PMID: 33453252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Microsporidia are obligate single-celled eukaryote parasites. Microsporidian infection can cause large economic losses to beneficial insects such as silkworms and honey bees. Identification of resistance biomacromolecules and breeding of transgenic lines resistant to the microsporidian Nosema bombycis are important for disease management. We previously used transcriptome analysis to identify a guanylate binding protein family BmAtlastin-n gene that was significantly upregulated after Nosema bombycis infection, and we determined that the molecule was highly expressed in resistance-related tissues such as the midgut, fat body and the epidermis. The transgenic silkworm line overexpressing BmAtlastin-n biomolecules had economic characters similar to those of non-transgenic lines. The transgenic OE-BmAtlastin-n lines had significantly improved survival after microspore infection. We used RT-PCR and H&E staining to show that the number of spores in the transgenic lines was significantly lower than in the control lines. In this study, we identified a BmAtlastin-n macromolecule with resistance to N. bombycis and developed a transgenic line. The results improved understanding of the GBP protein family and provided biomacromolecule material for the treatment and prevention of microsporidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ning Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Congwu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xuhua Huang
- The General Extension Station of Sericulture Technology of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Boyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Minhui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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12
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Matsuda–Imai N, Katsuma S. Characterization of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection in fat body-derived Bombyx mori cultured cells. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 177:107476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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13
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Zha XL, Yu XB, Zhang HY, Wang H, Huang XZ, Shen YH, Lu C. Identification of Peritrophins and Antiviral Effect of Bm01504 against BmNPV in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217973. [PMID: 33121000 PMCID: PMC7663561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The insect midgut secretes a semi-permeable, acellular peritrophic membrane (PM) that maintains intestinal structure, promotes digestion, and protects the midgut from food particles and pathogenic microorganisms. Peritrophin is an important PM protein (PMP) in the PM. Here, we identified 11 peritrophins with 1–16 chitin binding domains (CBDs) comprising 50–56 amino acid residues. Multiple CBDs in the same peritrophin clustered together, rather than by species. The CBD contained six highly conserved cysteine residues, with the key feature of amino acids between them being CX11-15CX5CX9-14CX11-12CX6-7C. Peritrophins with 2 and 4 CBDs (Bm09641 and Bm01504, respectively), and with 1, 8, and 16 CBDs (Bm11851, Bm00185, and Bm01491, respectively) were mainly expressed in the anterior midgut, and throughout the midgut, respectively. Survival rates of transgenic silkworms with Bm01504 overexpression (Bm01504-OE) and knockout (Bm01504-KO) infected with B. morinucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) were significantly higher and lower, whereas expression of the key viral gene, p10, were lower and higher, respectively, compared with wild type (WT). Therefore, Bm01504-OE and Bm01504-KO transgenic silkworms were more and less resistant, respectively, to BmNPV. Bm01504 plays important roles in resisting BmNPV invasion. We provide a new perspective for studying PM function, and reveal how the silkworm midgut resists invasive exogenous pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Le Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.-L.Z.); (X.-B.Y.); (H.-Y.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Xin-Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.-L.Z.); (X.-B.Y.); (H.-Y.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.-L.Z.); (X.-B.Y.); (H.-Y.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.-L.Z.); (X.-B.Y.); (H.-Y.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Xian-Zhi Huang
- Science and Technology Department, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
| | - Yi-Hong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.-L.Z.); (X.-B.Y.); (H.-Y.Z.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.S.); (C.L.); Tel.: +86-138-8360-7000 (Y.-H.S.); +86-23-6825-0346 (C.L.)
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.-L.Z.); (X.-B.Y.); (H.-Y.Z.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.S.); (C.L.); Tel.: +86-138-8360-7000 (Y.-H.S.); +86-23-6825-0346 (C.L.)
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14
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Feng M, Fei S, Xia J, Labropoulou V, Swevers L, Sun J. Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Antiviral Factors in Insect Antiviral Immune Response. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2030. [PMID: 32983149 PMCID: PMC7492552 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with antiviral activity (antiviral peptides: AVPs) have become a research hotspot and already show immense potential to become pharmaceutically available antiviral drugs. AVPs have exhibited huge potential in inhibiting viruses by targeting various stages of their life cycle. Insects are the most speciose group of animals that inhabit almost all ecosystems and habitats on the land and are a rich source of natural AMPs. However, insect AVP mining, functional research, and drug development are still in their infancy. This review aims to summarize the currently validated insect AVPs, explore potential new insect AVPs and to discuss their possible mechanism of synthesis and action, with a view to providing clues to unravel the mechanisms of insect antiviral immunity and to develop insect AVP-derived antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Shigang Fei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junming Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vassiliki Labropoulou
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Luc Swevers
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - Jingchen Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Hu ZG, Dong ZQ, Dong FF, Zhu Y, Chen P, Lu C, Pan MH. Identification of a PP2A gene in Bombyx mori with antiviral function against B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:687-696. [PMID: 31070299 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ser/Thr protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one of the type 2 protein phosphatases, which is required for many intracellular physiological processes and pathogen infection. However, the function of PP2A is unclear in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Here, we cloned and identified BmPP2A, a PP2A gene from B. mori, which has two HEAT domains and a high similarity to PP2A from other organisms. Our results showed that BmPP2A is localized in the cytoplasm and highly expressed in silkworm epidermis and midgut, and that Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection induces down-regulation of BmPP2A expression. Furthermore, up-regulation of BmPP2A via overexpression significantly inhibited BmNPV multiplication. In contrast, down-regulation of BmPP2A via RNA interference and okadaic acid (a PP2A inhibitor) treatment allowed robust BmNPV replication. This is the first report of PP2A having an antiviral effect in silkworm and provides insights into the function of BmPP2A, a potential anti-BmNPV mechanism, and a possible target for the breeding of silkworm-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhan-Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei-Fan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min-Hui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Zhang SZ, Zhu LB, You LL, Wang J, Cao HH, Liu YX, Toufeeq S, Wang YL, Kong X, Xu JP. A Novel Digestive Proteinase Lipase Member H-A in Bombyx mori Contributes to Digestive Juice Antiviral Activity Against B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11030154. [PMID: 32121517 PMCID: PMC7143000 DOI: 10.3390/insects11030154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that some proteins in Bombyx mori larvae digestive juice show antiviral activity. Here, based on the label-free proteomics data, BmLipase member H-A (BmLHA) was identified as being involved in the response to BmNPV infection in B. mori larvae digestive juice. In the present study, a gene encoding the BmLHA protein in B. mori was characterized. The protein has an open reading fragment of 999 bp, encoding a predicted 332 amino acid residue-protein with a molecular weight of approximately 35.9 kDa. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that BmLHA shares a close genetic distance with Papilio xuthus Lipase member H-A. BmLHA was highly expressed in the middle part of the B. mori gut, and the expression level increased with instar rising in larvae. There was higher expression of BmLHA in A35 than in P50 strains, and it was upregulated in both A35 and P50 strains, following BmNPV infection. The expression level of VP39 decreased significantly in appropriate recombinant-BmLHA-treated groups compared with the PBS-treated group in B. mori larvae and BmN cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of BmLHA significantly reduced the infectivity of BmNPV in BmN cells. These results indicated that BmLHA did not have digestive function but had anti-BmNPV activity. Taken together, our work provides valuable data for the clarification of the molecular characterization BmLHA and supplements research on proteins of anti-BmNPV activity in B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lin-Bao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ling-Ling You
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hui-Hua Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ying-Xue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shahzad Toufeeq
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yu-Ling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xue Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.-Z.Z.); (L.-B.Z.); (L.-L.Y.); (J.W.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-X.L.); (S.T.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.K.)
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0551-65786691
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17
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Zhang SZ, Wang J, Zhu LB, Toufeeq S, Xu X, You LL, Li B, Hu P, Xu JP. Quantitative label-free proteomic analysis reveals differentially expressed proteins in the digestive juice of resistant versus susceptible silkworm strains and their predicted impacts on BmNPV infection. J Proteomics 2019; 210:103527. [PMID: 31610263 PMCID: PMC7102787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a major pathogen causing severe economic loss. Previous studies have revealed that some proteins in silkworm digestive juice show antiviral activity. In this study, antiviral activity examination of different resistant strains showed that the digestive juice of the resistant strain (A35) had higher inhibition to virus than the susceptible strain (P50). Subsequently, the label-free quantitative proteomics was used to study the midgut digestive juice response to BmNPV infection in P50 and A35 strains. A total of 98 proteins were identified, of which 80 were differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with 54 enzymes and 26 nonenzymatic proteins by comparing the proteomes of infected and non-infected P50 and A35 silkworms. These DEPs are mainly involved in metabolism, proteolysis, neuroactive ligand receptor interaction, starch and sucrose metabolism and glutathione metabolism. After removing the genetic background and individual immune stress response proteins, 9 DEPs were identified potentially involved in resistance to BmNPV. Further studies showed that a serine protease, an alkaline phosphatase and serine protease inhibitor 2 isoform X1 were differentially expressed in A35 compared to P50 or post BmNPV infection. Taken together, these results provide insights into the potential mechanisms for silkworm digestive juice to provide resistance to BmNPV infection. Signifcance: Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is highly pathogenic, which has a great impact on the sericulture. BmNPV entered the midgut lumen and exposed to digestive juices after oral infection. Previous studies have revealed that some proteins in silkworm digestive juice show antiviral activity, however, current information on the digestive juice proteome of high resistant silkworm strain after BmNPV challenge compared to susceptible strain is incomprehensive. Here, we combined label-free quantification method, bioinformatics, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis and found that BmNPV infection causes some protein changes in the silkworm midgut digestive juice. The DEPs were identified in the digestive juices of different resistant strains following BmNPV infection, and screened out some proteins potentially related to resistance to BmNPV. Three important differentially expression proteins were validated by independent approaches. These findings uncover the potential role of silkworm digestive juice in providing resistance to BmNPV and supplemented the profile of the proteome of the digestive juices in B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China
| | - Lin-Bao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China
| | - Shahzad Toufeeq
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China
| | - Ling-Ling You
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China
| | - Pei Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, China.
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Wang XY, Shao ZM, Zhang YJ, Vu TT, Wu YC, Xu JP, Deng MJ. A 1H NMR based study of hemolymph metabonomics in different resistant silkworms, Bombyx mori (Lepidotera), after BmNPV inoculation. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 117:103911. [PMID: 31279633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.103911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a primary silkworm pathogen, and the molecular mechanism of silkworm defense to BmNPV infection is still unclear. Herein, comparative metabolomics was adopted to analyze the variations in the hemolymph metabolites of different resistant silkworm strains following BmNPV inoculation using a 1H NMR method. Trehalose, as an instant source of energy, plays a crucial role in the response to pathogen infections in insects. The level of trehalose was persistently upregulated in the hemolymph of the resistant silkworm strain YeA following infection with BmNPV, compared to that of the susceptible strain YeB, indicating that trehalose metabolism plays a vital role in the response to BmNPV infection. The significant upregulation of TCA cycle relevant metabolites, including malate, fumarate, citrate, succinate, and α-ketoglutarate, was identified at 0 h, 12 h, 48 h, and 96 h post-infection in YeA hemolymph, whereas a significant upregulation in YeB hemolymph was only detected at an early stage of infection (0 h-24 h). The expression level of selected key metabolic enzymes, determined using RT-qPCR, validated the differences in trehalose and TCA cycle relevant metabolite levels. The variations in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) pathway relevant metabolites in resistant silkworm strains following BmNPV infection showed a regular undulation at different times after infection. A significant accumulation of phenylalanine and tyrosine was observed in YeA following BmNPV infection compared to YeB. The glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways showed a relatively low activity in YeA following BmNPV infection. Moreover, the levels of other metabolites related to fat metabolism, transamination, energy metabolism, and glycometabolism, such as glycine, threonine, glutamine, and glutamate, were unstable in the two silkworm strains following BmNPV infection. Thus, our study provides an overview of the metabolic response of the silkworm in response to BmNPV infection, which lays the foundation for clarifying the mechanism of silkworm resistance to BmNPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; The Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Zuo-Min Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Ying-Jian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Thi Thuy Vu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Yang-Chun Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; The Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Development Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China.
| | - Ming-Jie Deng
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Transcriptional Responses of the Trichoplusia ni Midgut to Oral Infection by the Baculovirus Autographa californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00353-19. [PMID: 31043536 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00353-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are large double-stranded DNA viruses that are virulent pathogens of certain insect species. In a natural host, Trichoplusia ni, infection by the model baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) begins when the occluded form of the virus disassembles in the midgut and virions infect midgut epithelial cells to establish the primary phase of the infection. To better understand the primary phase of the AcMNPV infection cycle, newly molted 5th-instar T. ni larvae were orally infected with AcMNPV occlusion bodies and the transcriptional responses of the T. ni midgut were analyzed at various times from 0 to 72 h postinfection, using transcriptome sequencing analysis and a T. ni reference genome. The numbers of differentially expressed host genes increased as the infection progressed, and we identified a total of 3,372 differentially expressed T. ni transcripts in the AcMNPV-infected midgut. Genes encoding orthologs of HMG176, atlastin, and CPH43 were among the most dramatically upregulated in response to AcMNPV infection. A number of cytochrome P450 genes were downregulated in response to infection. We also identified the effects of AcMNPV infection on a large variety of genes associated with innate immunity. This analysis provides an abundance of new and detailed information on host responses to baculovirus infection during the primary phase of the infection in the midgut and will be important for understanding how baculoviruses establish productive infections in the organism.IMPORTANCE Baculoviruses are virulent pathogens of a number of important insect pest species. In the host Trichoplusia ni, infection begins in the midgut when infectious virions of the occlusion-derived virus (ODV) phenotype enter and subsequently replicate in cells of the midgut epithelium. A second virion phenotype (budded virus [BV]) is produced there, and BV mediates systemic infection of the animal. Most prior detailed studies of baculovirus infections have focused on BV infections of cultured cells. In this study, we examined the transcriptional responses of the T. ni midgut to infection by ODV of the baculovirus AcMNPV and identified a variety of host genes that respond dramatically to viral infection. Understanding the transcriptional responses of the host midgut to viral infection is critically important for understanding the biphasic infection in the animal as a whole.
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Establishment of a baculovirus-inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system for antiviral research in transgenic silkworms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9255-9265. [PMID: 30151606 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful genetic engineering technique that has been widely used in gene therapy, as well as in the development of novel antimicrobials and transgenic insects. However, several challenges, including the lack of effective host target genes and the off-target effects, limit the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in insects. To mitigate these difficulties, we established a highly efficient virus-inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system in transgenic silkworms. This system includes the baculovirus-inducible promoter 39K, which directs transcription of the gene encoding, the Cas9 protein, and the U6 promoter which targets the sgATAD3A site of the ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 3 (ATAD3A) gene. The double-positive transgenic line sgATAD3A×39K-Cas9 (ATAD3A-KO) was obtained by hybridization; antiviral activity in this hybrid transgenic line is induced only after Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection. The BmNPV-inducible system significantly reduced off-target effects and did not affect the economically important characteristics of the transgenic silkworms. Most importantly, this novel system efficiently and consistently edited target genes, inhibiting BmNPV replication after the transgenic silkworms were inoculated with occlusion bodies (OBs). The suppression of BmNPV by the virus-inducible system was comparable to that of the stably expressed CRISPR/Cas9 system. Therefore, we successfully established a highly efficient BmNPV-inducible ATAD3A-KO transgenic silkworm line, with improved gene targeting specificity and antiviral efficiency. Our study thereby provides insights into the treatment of infectious diseases and into the control of insect pests.
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21
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Kong M, Zuo H, Zhu F, Hu Z, Chen L, Yang Y, Lv P, Yao Q, Chen K. The interaction between baculoviruses and their insect hosts. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 83:114-123. [PMID: 29408049 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Baculoviruses are double-stranded circular DNA viruses that infect arthropods via the midgut. Because of their superiority as eukaryotic expression systems and their importance as biopesticides, extensive research on the functions of baculovirus genes as well as on the host response to baculovirus infection has been carried out, including transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the midgut. The morphological and cellular changes caused by baculovirus infection are also important to better understand the infection pathway. Thanks to these previous studies, we now have a clearer picture of the mechanisms of action of the virus and of host immunity. In this paper, we systematically reviewed studies on the interaction between baculoviruses and their insect hosts. By better understanding these interactions, baculoviruses can be developed for use as more efficient biopesticides to improve agricultural development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kong
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Huan Zuo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Feifei Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhaoyang Hu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yanhua Yang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Peng Lv
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Qin Yao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Feng M, Zhang J, Xu W, Wang H, Kong X, Wu X. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus utilizes a clathrin and dynamin dependent endocytosis entry pathway into BmN cells. Virus Res 2018; 253:12-19. [PMID: 29807041 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a leading cause of silkworm mortality and economic loss to sericulture. The entry of BmNPV budded virus (BV) into host cells is a fundamental process required for the initiation of infection. However, our understanding of the mechanism of virus entry is limited and it is unclear whether BV enter BmN cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. In this study, we found that BV enter BmN cells through a low-pH-dependent endocytosis pathway. Inhibition assays, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) knockdown assays revealed that BV entry into BmN cells is mediated by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Moreover, after treated with dynasore, an inhibitor of dynamin, BmNPV entry was markedly reduced, indicating that dynamin also participates in the efficient internalization of BmNPV. In addition, suppression of Rab5, Rab7 or Rab11 through siRNAs demonstrated that BV requires early and late endosomes for endocytosis in infection of BmN cells. Taken together, BmNPV uses a clathrin- and dynamin-mediated endocytic pathway into BmN cells that requires participation of Rab5 and Rab7 but not Rab11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianjia Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weifan Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiangshuo Kong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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23
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Feng M, Kong X, Zhang J, Xu W, Wu X. Identification of a novel host protein SINAL10 interacting with GP64 and its role in Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection. Virus Res 2018; 247:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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In vivo RNA interference of BmNHR96 enhances the resistance of transgenic silkworm to BmNPV. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:332-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Li T, Tu L, Zhang Q, Gu R, Wang Q, Wang B, Yao H, Qu X, Wang W, Tian J. SPG3A gene polymorphisms in hereditary spastic paraplegia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9760-9764. [PMID: 31966859 PMCID: PMC6965986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP)/spastic paraplegia 3A (SPG3A) genomic structure as well as the polymorphisms in SPG3G genomic structure by comparing with the normal subjects. METHODS A total of 66 sporadic cases with HSP were collected from April 2014 to September 2016. Genomic DNA extraction was performed, and all coding exons and junction region in the SPG3A gene were sequenced. Genetic mutations were identified and DNA sequence alignment was performed against 80 normal subjects without blood relationship. The polymorphism in SPG3A gene was analyzed. RESULTS The coding sequence of the SPG3A gene consisted of 14 exons and two polymorphisms were detected at exons 2 and 3 compared with the normal subjects; one polymorphism was detected at exons 3, 4 and 6, respectively. CONCLUSION The two coding exons in the SPG3A gene in normal subjects were polymorphic and highly conservative. The intron consisted of 3 polymorphic coding sequences. Understanding the polymorphism and genetic mutations in the SPG3A gene will contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Zunyi Medical CollegeGuizhou, China
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Li Tu
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuizhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Bingjin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Huan Yao
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Xiang Qu
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Wenqin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
| | - Jinyong Tian
- Department of Emergency, Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuizhou, China
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Li G, Zhou Q, Qiu L, Yao Q, Chen K, Tang Q, Hu Z. Serine protease Bm-SP142 was differentially expressed in resistant and susceptible Bombyx mori strains, involving in the defence response to viral infection. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175518. [PMID: 28414724 PMCID: PMC5393580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bm-SP142 is a 35 kDa protease in the silkworm, but its exact functions remain unknown. In this study, sequence alignment revealed that the His-Asp-Ser catalytic triad is embedded in the TAAHC-DIAL-GDSGGP sequence motif, establishing Bm-SP142 as a serine protease. Soluble recombinant GST-BmSP142 was expressed and purified, and serine protease activity was confirmed in vitro. RT-qPCR results indicated that Bm-SP142 was mainly expressed in the middle part of the silkworm midgut, and Bm-SP142 transcripts were significantly up-regulated at 24 hours post infection (hpi) in BmBDV-resistant strains (798) inoculated with BmBDV and BmNPV-resistant strains (NB) inoculated with BmNPV, but not in BmBDV-susceptible strains (306). Surprisingly, transcripts were significantly down-regulated at 12 hpi in BmNPV-susceptible strains (HuaBa 35) inoculated with BmNPV, compared with healthy silkworms. Recombinant BmNPV treated with purified Bm-SP142 effectively impaired its ability to infect BmN cells, and Bm-SP142 decreases the efficiency of BmNPV and BmBDV propagation in silkworms. Furthermore, overexpression of Bm-SP142 in BmN cells inhibited viral propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lipeng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qin Yao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- * E-mail: (ZH); (QT)
| | - Zhaoyang Hu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- * E-mail: (ZH); (QT)
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Liu TH, Wu YF, Dong XL, Pan CX, Du GY, Yang JG, Wang W, Bao XY, Chen P, Pan MH, Lu C. Identification and characterization of the BmCyclin L1-BmCDK11A/B complex in relation to cell cycle regulation. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:861-868. [PMID: 28318374 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1304339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin proteins are the key regulatory and activity partner of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which play pivotal regulatory roles in cell cycle progression. In the present study, we identified a Cyclin L1 and 2 CDK11 2 CDK11 splice variants, CDK11A and CDK11B, from silkworm, Bombyx mori. We determined that both Cyclin L1 and CDK11A/B are nuclear proteins, and further investigations were conducted to elucidate their spatiofunctional features. Cyclin L1 forms a complex with CDK11A/B and were co-localized to the nucleus. Moreover, the dimerization of CDK11A and CDK11B and the effects of Cyclin L1 and CDK11A/B on cell cycle regulation were also investigated. Using overexpression or RNA interference experiments, we demonstrated that the abnormal expression of Cyclin L1 and CDK11A/B leads to cell cycle arrest and cell proliferation suppression. Together, these findings indicate that CDK11A/B interacts with Cyclin L1 to regulate the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hang Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Yun-Fei Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Xiao-Long Dong
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China.,b College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , China
| | - Cai-Xia Pan
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Guo-Yu Du
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Ji-Gui Yang
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Wei Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Xi-Yan Bao
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Peng Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Min-Hui Pan
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China.,c Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Cheng Lu
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology , Southwest University , Chongqing , China.,c Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry , Southwest University , Chongqing , China
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28
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Dong XL, Liu TH, Wang W, Pan CX, Du GY, Wu YF, Adur M, Zhang MJ, Pan MH, Lu C. Transgenic RNAi of BmREEPa in silkworms can enhance the resistance of silkworm to Bombyxmori Nucleopolyhedrovirus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 483:855-859. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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