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Garmaa G, Bunduc S, Kói T, Hegyi P, Csupor D, Ganbat D, Dembrovszky F, Meznerics FA, Nasirzadeh A, Barbagallo C, Kökény G. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of microRNA Profiling Studies in Chronic Kidney Diseases. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:30. [PMID: 38804362 PMCID: PMC11130806 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents an increasing health burden. Evidence suggests the importance of miRNA in diagnosing CKD, yet the reports are inconsistent. This study aimed to determine novel miRNA biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets from hypothesis-free miRNA profiling studies in human and murine CKDs. Comprehensive literature searches were conducted on five databases. Subgroup analyses of kidney diseases, sample types, disease stages, and species were conducted. A total of 38 human and 12 murine eligible studies were analyzed using Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA) and vote-counting analyses. Gene set enrichment analyses of miRNA signatures in each kidney disease were conducted using DIANA-miRPath v4.0 and MIENTURNET. As a result, top target genes, Gene Ontology terms, the interaction network between miRNA and target genes, and molecular pathways in each kidney disease were identified. According to vote-counting analysis, 145 miRNAs were dysregulated in human kidney diseases, and 32 were dysregulated in murine CKD models. By RRA, miR-26a-5p was significantly reduced in the kidney tissue of Lupus nephritis (LN), while miR-107 was decreased in LN patients' blood samples. In both species, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Notch, mTOR signaling, apoptosis, G2/M checkpoint, and hypoxia were the most enriched pathways. These miRNA signatures and their target genes must be validated in large patient cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gantsetseg Garmaa
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (A.N.)
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulan-Bator 14210, Mongolia;
| | - Stefania Bunduc
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dionisie Lupu Street 37, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Fundeni Street 258, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Baross út 22-24, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kói
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Department of Stochastics, Institute of Mathematics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Baross út 22-24, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szikra utca 8, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dariimaa Ganbat
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulan-Bator 14210, Mongolia;
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo 107-840, Japan
| | - Fanni Dembrovszky
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Baross út 22-24, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Adél Meznerics
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Mária utca 41, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ailar Nasirzadeh
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (A.N.)
| | - Cristina Barbagallo
- Section of Biology and Genetics “G. Sichel”, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Gábor Kökény
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (A.N.)
- International Nephrology Research and Training Center, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
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Abdelrahman Z, Maxwell AP, McKnight AJ. Genetic and Epigenetic Associations with Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:503. [PMID: 38674437 PMCID: PMC11050138 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common complication of solid organ transplantation. PTDM prevalence varies due to different diabetes definitions. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis of PTDM have been published based on random blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The task of diagnosing PTDM continues to pose challenges, given the potential for diabetes to manifest at different time points after transplantation, thus demanding constant clinical vigilance and repeated testing. Interpreting HbA1c levels can be challenging after renal transplantation. Pre-transplant risk factors for PTDM include obesity, sedentary lifestyle, family history of diabetes, ethnicity (e.g., African-Caribbean or South Asian ancestry), and genetic risk factors. Risk factors for PTDM include immunosuppressive drugs, weight gain, hepatitis C, and cytomegalovirus infection. There is also emerging evidence that genetic and epigenetic variation in the organ transplant recipient may influence the risk of developing PTDM. This review outlines many known risk factors for PTDM and details some of the pathways, genetic variants, and epigenetic features associated with PTDM. Improved understanding of established and emerging risk factors may help identify people at risk of developing PTDM and may reduce the risk of developing PTDM or improve the management of this complication of organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Abdelrahman
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (Z.A.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Alexander Peter Maxwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (Z.A.); (A.P.M.)
- Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (Z.A.); (A.P.M.)
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Kuang Y, Yang J, Sun M, Rui T, Yang Z, Shi M. Depression of LncRNA DANCR alleviates tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy by regulating KLF5 through sponge miR-214-5p. BMC Nephrol 2024; 25:130. [PMID: 38609873 PMCID: PMC11010359 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) manifests a critical aspect in the form of renal tubular injury. The current research aimed to determine the function and mechanism of long non-coding ribonucleic acid (LncRNA) differentiation antagonising non-protein coding RNA (DANCR), with a focus on its impact on renal tubular injury. METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was employed to analyze the RNA levels of DANCR in the serum of patients with DN or human proximal tubular epithelial cells (human kidney 2 [HK2]). The diagnostic significance of DANCR was assessed using a receiver operating characteristic curve. A DN model was established by inducing HK-2 cells with high glucose (HG). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the levels of inflammatory factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected using the Cell Counting Kit - 8, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The interaction between microRNA (miR)-214-5p and DANCR or Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) was investigated using RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS Elevated levels of DANCR were observed in the serum of patients with DN and HG-inducted HK-2 cells (P < 0.05). DANCR levels effectively identified patients with DN from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Silencing of DANCR protected against HG-induced tubular injury by restoring cell proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, and reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress production (P < 0.05). DANCR functions as a sponge for miR-214-5p, and the mitigation of DANCR silencing on HG-induced renal tubular injury was partially attenuated with reduced miR-214-5p (P < 0.05). Additionally, KLF5 was identified as the target of miR-214-5p. CONCLUSION DANCR was identified as diagnostic potential for DN and the alleviation of renal tubular injury via the miR-214-5p/KLF5 axis, following DANCR silencing, introduces a novel perspective and approach to mitigating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongling Kuang
- Department of Nephrology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219 Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, China.
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219 Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, China
| | - Meimei Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219 Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Rui
- Department of Nephrology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219 Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219 Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, China
| | - Meihua Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219 Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, China
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Gluba-Sagr A, Franczyk B, Rysz-Górzyńska M, Ławiński J, Rysz J. The Role of miRNA in Renal Fibrosis Leading to Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2358. [PMID: 37760798 PMCID: PMC10525803 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important health concern that is expected to be the fifth most widespread cause of death worldwide by 2040. The presence of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, ischemia, etc., stimulates the development and progression of CKD. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common pathomechanism of renal dysfunction, irrespective of the primary origin of renal injury. With time, fibrosis leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Many studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are involved in the onset and development of fibrosis and CKD. miRNAs are vital regulators of some pathophysiological processes; therefore, their utility as therapeutic agents in various diseases has been suggested. Several miRNAs were demonstrated to participate in the development and progression of kidney disease. Since renal fibrosis is an important problem in chronic kidney disease, many scientists have focused on the determination of miRNAs associated with kidney fibrosis. In this review, we present the role of several miRNAs in renal fibrosis and the potential pathways involved. However, as well as those mentioned above, other miRs have also been suggested to play a role in this process in CKD. The reports concerning the impact of some miRNAs on fibrosis are conflicting, probably because the expression and regulation of miRNAs occur in a tissue- and even cell-dependent manner. Moreover, different assessment modes and populations have been used. There is a need for large studies and clinical trials to confirm the role of miRs in a clinical setting. miRNAs have great potential; thus, their analysis may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gluba-Sagr
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rysz-Górzyńska
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Ławiński
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Barreiro K, Dwivedi OP, Rannikko A, Holthöfer H, Tuomi T, Groop PH, Puhka M. Capturing the Kidney Transcriptome by Urinary Extracellular Vesicles-From Pre-Analytical Obstacles to Biomarker Research. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1415. [PMID: 37510317 PMCID: PMC10379145 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEV) hold non-invasive RNA biomarkers for genitourinary tract diseases. However, missing knowledge about reference genes and effects of preanalytical choices hinder biomarker studies. We aimed to assess how preanalytical variables (urine storage temperature, isolation workflow) affect diabetic kidney disease (DKD)-linked miRNAs or kidney-linked miRNAs and mRNAs (kidney-RNAs) in uEV isolates and to discover stable reference mRNAs across diverse uEV datasets. We studied nine raw and normalized sequencing datasets including healthy controls and individuals with prostate cancer or type 1 diabetes with or without albuminuria. We focused on kidney-RNAs reviewing literature for DKD-linked miRNAs from kidney tissue, cell culture and uEV/urine experiments. RNAs were analyzed by expression heatmaps, hierarchical clustering and selecting stable mRNAs with normalized counts (>200) and minimal coefficient of variation. Kidney-RNAs were decreased after urine storage at -20 °C vs. -80 °C. Isolation workflows captured kidney-RNAs with different efficiencies. Ultracentrifugation captured DKD -linked miRNAs that separated healthy and diabetic macroalbuminuria groups. Eleven mRNAs were stably expressed across the datasets. Hence, pre-analytical choices had variable effects on kidney-RNAs-analyzing kidney-RNAs complemented global correlation, which could fade differences in some relevant RNAs. Replicating prior DKD-marker results and discovery of candidate reference mRNAs encourages further uEV biomarker studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Barreiro
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, EV and HiPREP Core, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Om Prakash Dwivedi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Rannikko
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Urology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harry Holthöfer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Maija Puhka
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, EV and HiPREP Core, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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Fellah S, Larrue R, Truchi M, Vassaux G, Mari B, Cauffiez C, Pottier N. Pervasive role of the long noncoding RNA DNM3OS in development and diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1736. [PMID: 35491542 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Thousands of unique noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are expressed in human cells, some are tissue or cell type specific whereas others are considered as house-keeping molecules. Studies over the last decade have modified our perception of ncRNAs from transcriptional noise to functional regulatory transcripts that influence a variety of molecular processes such as chromatin remodeling, transcription, post-transcriptional modifications, or signal transduction. Consequently, aberrant expression of many ncRNAs plays a causative role in the initiation and progression of various diseases. Since the identification of its developmental role, the long ncRNA DNM3OS (Dynamin 3 Opposite Strand) has attracted attention of researchers in distinct fields including oncology, fibroproliferative diseases, or bone disorders. Mechanistic studies have in particular revealed the multifaceted nature of DNM3OS and its important pathogenic role in several human disorders. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of DNM3OS functions in diseases, with an emphasis on its potential as a novel therapeutic target. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Fellah
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
| | - Romain Larrue
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
| | - Marin Truchi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Georges Vassaux
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Christelle Cauffiez
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Pottier
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, Lille, France
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Sanganalmath SK, Dubey S, Veeranki S, Narisetty K, Krishnamurthy P. The interplay of inflammation, exosomes and Ca 2+ dynamics in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:37. [PMID: 36804872 PMCID: PMC9942322 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01755-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the prime risk factors for cardiovascular complications and is linked with high morbidity and mortality. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) often manifests as reduced cardiac contractility, myocardial fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction, and chronic heart failure. Inflammation, changes in calcium (Ca2+) handling and cardiomyocyte loss are often implicated in the development and progression of DCM. Although the existence of DCM was established nearly four decades ago, the exact mechanisms underlying this disease pathophysiology is constantly evolving. Furthermore, the complex pathophysiology of DCM is linked with exosomes, which has recently shown to facilitate intercellular (cell-to-cell) communication through biomolecules such as micro RNA (miRNA), proteins, enzymes, cell surface receptors, growth factors, cytokines, and lipids. Inflammatory response and Ca2+ signaling are interrelated and DCM has been known to adversely affect many of these signaling molecules either qualitatively and/or quantitatively. In this literature review, we have demonstrated that Ca2+ regulators are tightly controlled at different molecular and cellular levels during various biological processes in the heart. Inflammatory mediators, miRNA and exosomes are shown to interact with these regulators, however how these mediators are linked to Ca2+ handling during DCM pathogenesis remains elusive. Thus, further investigations are needed to understand the mechanisms to restore cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis and function, and to serve as potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Sanganalmath
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas School of Medicine, Las Vegas, NV, 89102, USA.
| | - Shubham Dubey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University Blvd., Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Sudhakar Veeranki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | | | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University Blvd., Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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Noncoding RNAs associated with IgA nephropathy. J Nephrol 2022; 36:911-923. [PMID: 36495425 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-022-01498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common glomerulonephritides. The disease is characterized by haematuria, proteinuria, deposition of galactose-deficient IgA1 in the glomerular mesangium and mesangial hypercellularity, further leading to extracellular matrix expansion. Kidney biopsy is the gold standard for IgAN diagnosis. Due to the invasiveness of renal biopsy, there is an unmet need for noninvasive biomarkers to diagnose and estimate the severity of IgAN. Understanding the role of RNA molecules as genetic markers to target diseases may allow developing therapeutic and diagnostic markers. In this review we have focused on intrarenal, extrarenal and extracellular noncoding RNAs involved in the progression of IgAN. This narrative review summarizes the pathogenesis of IgAN along with the correlation of noncoding RNA molecules such as microRNAs, small interfering RNAs, circular RNAs and long non-coding RNAs that play an important role in regulating gene expression, and that represent another type of regulation affecting the expression of specific glycosyltranferases, a key element contributing to the development of IgAN.
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Knockdown of miR-214 Alleviates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Targeting the Regulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signalling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7553928. [PMID: 36285295 PMCID: PMC9588363 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7553928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The microRNA-214 (miR-214) precursor is formed by the DNM3 gene on human chromosome 1q24.3, which is encoded and transcribed in the nucleus and processed into mature miR-214 in the cytoplasm. Association of miR-214 with the interstitial fibrosis of the kidney has been reported in existing research. Renal interstitial fibrosis is considered necessary during the process of various renal injuries in chronic kidney disease (CKD). One of the important mechanisms is the TGF- (transforming growth factor-) β1-stimulated epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT). The specific mechanisms of miR-214-3p in renal interstitial fibrosis and whether it participates in EMT are worthy of further investigation. In this paper, we first demonstrated modulation of the downstream PI3K/AKT axis by miR-214-3p through targeting phosphatase and tension protein homologues (PTEN), indicating the miRNA's participation in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) nephropathy and TGF-β1-induced EMT. We overexpressed or silenced miR-214-3p and PTEN for probing into the correlation of miR-214-3p with PTEN and the downstream PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. According to the results of the study, miR-214-3p overexpression silenced PTEN, activated the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, and exacerbated EMT induced by TGF-β1, while miR-214-3p knockdown had the opposite effect. In miR-214-3p knockdown mice, the expression of PTEN was increased, the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway was inhibited, and fibrosis was alleviated. In conclusion, miR-214-3p regulates the EMT of renal tubular cells induced by TGF-β1 by targeting PTEN and regulating the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Furthermore, miR-214-3p knockdown can reduce renal interstitial fibrosis through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Tang J, Liu F, Cooper ME, Chai Z. Renal fibrosis as a hallmark of diabetic kidney disease: Potential role of targeting transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and related molecules. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:721-738. [PMID: 36217308 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2133698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Currently, there is no effective treatment to completely prevent DKD progression to ESRD. Renal fibrosis and inflammation are the major pathological features of DKD, being pursued as potential therapeutic targets for DKD. AREAS COVERED Inflammation and renal fibrosis are involved in the pathogenesis of DKD. Anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed to combat DKD but without efficacy demonstrated. Thus, we have focused on the mechanisms of TGF-β-induced renal fibrosis in DKD, as well as discussing the important molecules influencing the TGF-β signaling pathway and their potential development into new pharmacotherapies, rather than targeting the ligand TGF-β and/or its receptors, such options include Smads, microRNAs, histone deacetylases, connective tissue growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein 7, hepatocyte growth factor, and cell division autoantigen 1. EXPERT OPINION TGF-β is a critical driver of renal fibrosis in DKD. Molecules that modulate TGF-β signaling rather than TGF-β itself are potentially superior targets to safely combat DKD. A comprehensive elucidation of the pathogenesis of DKD is important, which requires a better model system and access to clinical samples via collaboration between basic and clinical researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Tang
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhonglin Chai
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Investigation into the effect and mechanism of dapagliflozin against renal interstitial fibrosis based on transcriptome and network pharmacology. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109195. [PMID: 36070627 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is the final pathway for chronic kidney diseases (CKD) to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Dapagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2, reduced the risk of renal events in non-diabetic CKD patients in the DAPA-CKD trial. However, the effect and mechanism of dapagliflozin on RIF are not very clear. Currently, we evaluate the effects of dapagliflozin on RIF and systematically explore its mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS Firstly, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model was established to evaluate effects of dapagliflozin on RIF, and results demonstrated dapagliflozin improved renal function and RIF of UUO mice independent of blood glucose control. Subsequently, transcriptome analysis was performed to explore the potential mechanism of dapagliflozin against RIF, which exhibited the therapeutic effect of dapagliflozin on RIF may be achieved through multiple pathways regulation. Then we verified the potential mechanisms with molecular biology methods, and found that dapagliflozin treatment significantly alleviated inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury in kidneys of UUO mice. Furthermore, network pharmacology analysis was used to investigate the potential targets of dapagliflozin against RIF. Moreover, we also applied molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to predict the specific binding sites and binding capacity of dapagliflozin and hub target. CONCLUSIONS Dapagliflozin had therapeutic effect on RIF independent of blood glucose control, and the protective effects probably mediated by multiple pathways and targets regulation.
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Dong R, Xu Y. Glomerular cell cross talk in diabetic kidney diseases. J Diabetes 2022; 14:514-523. [PMID: 35999686 PMCID: PMC9426281 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It is the leading inducement of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and its global incidence has been increasing at an alarming rate. The strict control of blood pressure and blood glucose can delay the progression of DKD, but intensive treatment is challenging to maintain. Studies to date have failed to find a complete cure. The glomerulus's alterations and injuries play a pivotal role in the initiation and development of DKD. A wealth of data indicates that the interdependent relationship between resident cells in the glomerulus will provide clues to the mechanism of DKD and new ways for therapeutic intervention. This review summarizes the significant findings of glomerular cell cross talk in DKD, focusing on cellular signaling pathways, regulators, and potential novel avenues for treating progressive DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Dong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
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13
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The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Late Complications in Type 1 Diabetes. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040705. [PMID: 35456511 PMCID: PMC9029845 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the destruction of pancreatic β cells leads to hyperglycemia. The prevention of hyperglycemia is very important to avoid or at least postpone the development of micro- and macrovascular complications, also known as late complications. These include diabetic retinopathy, chronic renal failure, diabetic neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. The impact of long-term hyperglycemia has been shown to persist long after the normalization of blood glucose levels, a phenomenon known as metabolic memory. It is believed that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, play an important role in metabolic memory. The aim of this review is to address the impact of long-term hyperglycemia on epigenetic marks in late complications of type 1 diabetes.
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Liu Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Bai L, Chen S, Yang J, Wang X. Exploring the Role of CircRNA in Diabetic Kidney Disease from a Novel Perspective: Focusing on Both Glomeruli and Tubuli. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1369-1380. [PMID: 34767731 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, but the molecular mechanisms of disease remain not very clear and there is no curative therapeutic strategy so far. This study was carried out to identify the expression profile of circular RNA (circRNA) in human DKD and explore circRNA regulatory function in glomeruli and tubuli simultaneously. As a result, a total of 40 upregulated and 23 downregulated differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) were detected. Six candidate DEcircRNAs were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in high glucose-treated human mesangial cells and human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells, respectively. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that both in glomeruli and in tubuli the DEcircRNAs-targeted genes participated in many pathophysiological processes of DKD. Correlation analysis with renal function showed that expression level of DEcircRNA-targeted hub gene was related to renal function. In conclusion, this is the first study to report expression profiles of circRNAs in kidney of DKD patients, and further analysis demonstrated that circRNA probably played a significant regulatory role, providing help for understanding the pathogenesis of DKD and investigating novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanzhe Wang
- Department of Nephrology and Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linnan Bai
- Department of Nephrology and Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Nephrology and Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ding Y, Cui Y, Hou Y, Nie H. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium facilitates fluid resolution via miR-214-activating epithelial sodium channels. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 1:376-385. [PMID: 34766129 PMCID: PMC8491198 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is featured with severe lung edema at the early exudative phase, resulting from the imbalance of alveolar fluid turnover and clearance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) belong to multipotent stem cells, which have shown potential therapeutic effects during ALI. Of note, MSC‐conditioned medium (MSC‐CM) improved alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) in vivo, whereas the involvement of miRNAs is seldom known. We thus aim to explore the roles of miR‐214 in facilitating MSC‐CM mediated fluid resolution of impaired AFC. In this study, AFC was increased significantly by intratracheally administrated MSC‐CM in lipopolysaccharide‐treated mice. MSC‐CM augmented amiloride‐sensitive currents in intact H441 monolayers, and increased α‐epithelial sodium channel (α‐ENaC) expression level in H441 and mouse alveolar type 2 epithelial cells. Meanwhile, MSC‐CM increased the expression of miR‐214, which may participate in regulating ENaC expression and function. Our results suggested that MSC‐CM enhanced AFC in ALI mice in vivo through a novel mechanism, involving miR‐214 regulation of ENaC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine College of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Yapeng Hou
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine College of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine College of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Shenyang China
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16
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Li Y, Xia M, Peng L, Liu H, Chen G, Wang C, Yuan D, Liu Y, Liu H. Downregulation of miR‑214-3p attenuates mesangial hypercellularity by targeting PTEN‑mediated JNK/c-Jun signaling in IgA nephropathy. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3343-3355. [PMID: 34512151 PMCID: PMC8416718 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesangial cell (MC) proliferation and matrix expansion are basic pathological characteristics of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, the stepwise mechanism of MC proliferation and the exact set of related signaling molecules remain largely unclear. In this study, we found a significant upregulation of miR-214-3p in the renal cortex of IgAN mice by miRNA sequencing. In situ hybridization analysis showed that miR-214-3p expression was obviously elevated in MCs in the renal cortex in IgAN. Functionally, knockdown of miR-214-3p alleviated mesangial hypercellularity and renal lesions in IgAN mice. In vitro, the inhibition of miR-214-3p suppressed MC proliferation and arrested G1-S cell cycle pSrogression in IgAN. Mechanistically, a luciferase reporter assay verified PTEN as a direct target of miR-214-3p. Downregulation of miR-214-3p increased PTEN expression and reduced p-JNK and p-c-Jun levels, thereby inhibiting MC proliferation and ameliorating renal lesions in IgAN. Moreover, these changes could be attenuated by co-transfection with PTEN siRNA. Collectively, these results illustrated that miR-214-3p accelerated MC proliferation in IgAN by directly targeting PTEN to modulate JNK/c-Jun signaling. Therefore, miR-214-3p may represent a novel therapeutic target for IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ma Z, Li L, Livingston MJ, Zhang D, Mi Q, Zhang M, Ding HF, Huo Y, Mei C, Dong Z. p53/microRNA-214/ULK1 axis impairs renal tubular autophagy in diabetic kidney disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5011-5026. [PMID: 32804155 DOI: 10.1172/jci135536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of autophagy in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been reported, but the underlying mechanism and its pathogenic role remain elusive. We show that autophagy was inhibited in DKD models and in human diabetic kidneys. Ablation of autophagy-related gene 7 (Atg7) from kidney proximal tubules led to autophagy deficiency and worse renal hypertrophy, tubular damage, inflammation, fibrosis, and albuminuria in diabetic mice, indicating a protective role of autophagy in DKD. Autophagy impairment in DKD was associated with the downregulation of unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinase 1 (ULK1), which was mediated by the upregulation of microRNA-214 (miR-214) in diabetic kidney cells and tissues. Ablation of miR-214 from kidney proximal tubules prevented a decrease in ULK1 expression and autophagy impairment in diabetic kidneys, resulting in less renal hypertrophy and albuminuria. Furthermore, blockade of p53 attenuated miR-214 induction in DKD, leading to higher levels of ULK1 and autophagy, accompanied by an amelioration of DKD. Compared with nondiabetic samples, renal biopsies from patients with diabetes showed induction of p53 and miR-214, associated with downregulation of ULK1 and autophagy. We found a positive correlation between p53/miR-214 and renal fibrosis, but a negative correlation between ULK1/LC3 and renal fibrosis in patients with diabetes. Together, these results identify the p53/miR-214/ULK1 axis in autophagy impairment in diabetic kidneys, pinpointing possible therapeutic targets for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Ma
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Man J Livingston
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dongshan Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingsheng Mi
- Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Yuqing Huo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Changlin Mei
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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18
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Zhang H, Yan Y, Hu Q, Zhang X. LncRNA MALAT1/microRNA let-7f/KLF5 axis regulates podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2021; 266:118794. [PMID: 33232688 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been demonstrated to exert pivotal effects in human diseases. We focused on the functions of metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and microRNA let-7f on diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS The diabetes (db/db) mice were treated with silenced MALAT1, then the baseline indicators, pathology changes, marker proteins of podocyte injury (nephrin, podocin, desmin and Cleaved caspase-3), oxidative stress indicators and inflammatory factors in renal tissues were determined. Murine podocyte MPC5 cells were stimulated by high glucose (HG) and transfected with sh-MALAT1 or let-7f mimic, then the cell migration, adhesion ability and apoptosis were evaluated. Moreover, the binding relationship between MALAT1 and let-7f, and the targeting relationship between let-7f and krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) were confirmed. RESULTS Silenced MALAT1 could improve baseline indicators of DN mice, and also improved pathology, increased nephrin and podocin expression, decreased desmin and Cleaved caspase-3 expression, and restrained oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in their renal tissues. Additionally, elevated let-7f and reduced MALAT1 could restrict migration and apoptosis of HG-induced MPC5 cells, and promoted the cell adhesion ability. CONCLUSION Results in our research indicated that the reduced MALAT1 could relieve the podocyte injury in DN by upregulating let-7f and inhibiting KLF5, which may be helpful for DN therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shangqiu First People's Hospital, Shangqiu 476100, Henan, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shangqiu First People's Hospital, Shangqiu 476100, Henan, China
| | - Qingfeng Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shangqiu First People's Hospital, Shangqiu 476100, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Shangqiu Medical College, Shangqiu 476100, Henan, China.
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Bantounas I, Lopes FM, Rooney KM, Woolf AS, Kimber SJ. The miR-199a/214 Cluster Controls Nephrogenesis and Vascularization in a Human Embryonic Stem Cell Model. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:134-148. [PMID: 33306987 PMCID: PMC7897558 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gene expression regulators and they have been implicated in acquired kidney diseases and in renal development, mostly through animal studies. We hypothesized that the miR-199a/214 cluster regulates human kidney development. We detected its expression in human embryonic kidneys by in situ hybridization. To mechanistically study the cluster, we used 2D and 3D human embryonic stem cell (hESC) models of kidney development. After confirming expression in each model, we inhibited the miRNAs using lentivirally transduced miRNA sponges. This reduced the WT1+ metanephric mesenchyme domain in 2D cultures. Sponges did not prevent the formation of 3D kidney-like organoids. These organoids, however, contained dysmorphic glomeruli, downregulated WT1, aberrant proximal tubules, and increased interstitial capillaries. Thus, the miR-199a/214 cluster fine-tunes differentiation of both metanephric mesenchymal-derived nephrons and kidney endothelia. While clinical implications require further study, it is noted that patients with heterozygous deletions encompassing this miRNA locus can have malformed kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Bantounas
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - Filipa M Lopes
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Kirsty M Rooney
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Adrian S Woolf
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Susan J Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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20
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang L, Bai L, Chen S, Wu H, Sun L, Wang X. miR-30b-5p modulate renal epithelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic nephropathy by directly targeting SNAI1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 535:12-18. [PMID: 33383483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis plays a significant role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). SNAI1 is a main activator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the process of fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-30b-5p targeting SNAI1 on the EMT in DN. METHODS Bioinformatics and miRNAs microarray analyses were used to predict the candidate miRNA targeting SNAI1, that is miR-30b-5p. The db/db mice was as DN animal model and renal tissues of mice were stained with PAS. The miR-30b-5p expression in mouse and human renal tissue were examined by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), while SNAI1 expression was determined by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm miR-30b-5p directly target 3'-UTR of the SNAI1 mRNA. In vitro, HK-2 cells were treated with high glucose to establish hyperglycemia cell model and transfected with miR-30b-5p mimics to overexpress miR-30b-5p. Expression of miR-30b-5p, SNAI1 and EMT related indicators (E-cadherin, a-SMA and Vimentin) in HK-2 cells under different treatments were determined by qRT-PCR and/or western-blot. In addition, immunofluorescence was performed to evaluate a-SMA expression in HK-2 cells under different treatments. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses revealed miR-30b-5p had complementary sequences with SNAI1 mRNA and the seed region of miR-30b-5p was conserved in human and a variety of animals, including mice. Microarray analysis showed miR-30b expression decreased in DN mice, which was further verified in db/db mice by qRT-PCR and in human DN by FISH. Contrary to miR-30b-5p, SNAI1 expression level was upregulated in db/db mice. Correlation analysis suggested SNAI1 mRNA level was negatively with miR-30b-5p level in renal tissue of db/db mice. Luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed miR-30b-5p directly targeted SNAI1 mRNA. In high glucose induced HK-2 cells, expression levels of miR-30b-5p and E-cadherin were decreased, while SNAI1, a-SMA and Vimentin were increased. Overexpression miR-30b-5p in high glucose induced HK-2 cells could reverse that phenomenon to some extent. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that miR-30b-5p play a protective role by targeting SNAI1 in renal EMT in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhe Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyuan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linnan Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Zoja C, Xinaris C, Macconi D. Diabetic Nephropathy: Novel Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:586892. [PMID: 33519447 PMCID: PMC7845653 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.586892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. The standard treatments for diabetic patients are glucose and blood pressure control, lipid lowering, and renin-angiotensin system blockade; however, these therapeutic approaches can provide only partial renoprotection if started late in the course of the disease. One major limitation in developing efficient therapies for DN is the complex pathobiology of the diabetic kidney, which undergoes a set of profound structural, metabolic and functional changes. Despite these difficulties, experimental models of diabetes have revealed promising therapeutic targets by identifying pathways that modulate key functions of podocytes and glomerular endothelial cells. In this review we will describe recent advances in the field, analyze key molecular pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease, and discuss how they could be modulated to prevent or reverse DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlamaria Zoja
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Christodoulos Xinaris
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy.,University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Daniela Macconi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
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22
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Identifying Key MicroRNAs Targeted by Narenmandula in a Rodent Nephropathy Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9196379. [PMID: 33299464 PMCID: PMC7707998 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9196379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Untreated nephropathy can progress to renal failure. The traditional Mongolian remedy Narenmandula regulates the kidney “yang.” This study aimed to identify key microRNAs (miRNAs) targeted by Narenmandula in a rat model of nephropathy. Methods Fifteen rats exhibiting normal renal function were randomized to three study arms. Nephropathy was induced in n = 10 rats using doxorubicin hydrochloride, followed by either Narenmandula treatment (treatment group) or no treatment (control group). In n = 5 rats, no doxorubicin was given and renal function remained unchanged (healthy group). Microarray analysis identified miRNAs which were differentially expressed (DE-miRNAs) between groups. Target genes of DE-miRNAs were predicted using miRWalk version 2.0, followed by enrichment analysis using DAVID, and construction of the miRNA coregulatory network using Cytoscape. Results Nephropathy was successfully induced, with doxorubicin resulting in differential expression of 3645 miRNAs (1324 upregulated and 2321 downregulated). Narenmandula treatment induced differential expression of a total of 159 miRNAs (102 upregulated and 57 downregulated). Upregulated DE-miRNAs (e.g., miR-497-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-181c-5p, and miR-30e-5p) and downregulated DE-miRNAs (e.g., miR-330-3p and miR-214-3p) regulated a high number of target genes. Moreover, the miRNA pairs (e.g., miR-195-5p—miR-497-5p, miR-181a-5p—miR-181c-5p, and miR-30e-5p—miR-30a-5p) coregulated a high number of genes. Enrichment analysis indicated functional synergy between miR-30e-5p—miR-30a-3p, miR-34a-5p—miR-30e-5p, miR-30e-5p—miR-195-3p, and miR-30a-3p—miR-195-3p pairs. Conclusion Narenmandula may modulate doxorubicin-induced nephropathy via targeting miR-497-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-181c-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-330-3p, miR-214-3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-30a-3p, and miR-30a-5p.
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Sakuma H, Hagiwara S, Kantharidis P, Gohda T, Suzuki Y. Potential Targeting of Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease Using MicroRNAs. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:587689. [PMID: 33364960 PMCID: PMC7751689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.587689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major health problem and one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Despite recent advances, there exists an urgent need for the development of new treatments for DKD. DKD is characterized by the excessive synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins in glomeruli and the tubulointerstitium, ultimately leading to glomerulosclerosis as well as interstitial fibrosis. Renal fibrosis is the final common pathway at the histological level leading to an end-stage renal failure. In fact, activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway by bardoxolone methyl and inhibition of transforming growth factor beta signaling by pirfenidone have been assumed to be effective therapeutic targets for DKD, and various basic and clinical studies are currently ongoing. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously produced small RNA molecules of 18–22 nucleotides in length, which act as posttranscriptional repressors of gene expression. Studies have demonstrated that several miRNAs contribute to renal fibrosis. In this review, we outline the potential of using miRNAs as an antifibrosis treatment strategy and discuss their clinical application in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Sakuma
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Hagiwara
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Kidney and Hypertension, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tomohito Gohda
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang R, Qin L, Shi J. MicroRNA‑199a‑3p suppresses high glucose‑induced apoptosis and inflammation by regulating the IKKβ/NF‑κB signaling pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:2161-2171. [PMID: 33125105 PMCID: PMC7595662 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) injury induced by hyperglycemia is considered a major contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, few studies have focused on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in RTEC injury. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanisms of miRNAs in RTEC injury. In the study, miRNAs expression profiles were determined via microarray assay in the peripheral blood samples of patients with DN. High glucose (HG)-induced injury in HK-2 cells was used as a cell model to examine the potential role of miR-199a-3p in DN. The expression of miR-199a-3p was validated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, were detected via ELISA. The protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins were determined using western blotting. Cell apoptosis and caspase 3 activity were evaluated via flow cytometry analysis and caspase 3 activity assay, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the interaction between miR-199a-3p and IKKβ. miR-199a-3p was found to be significantly downregulated in the peripheral blood samples, and there was a negative correlation between miR-199a-3p expression and proteinuria in patients with DN. It was identified that miR-199a-3p expression was time-dependently decreased in the HG-induced cell damage model. Moreover, miR-199a-3p overexpression significantly improved HG-induced cell injury, as evidenced by the decrease in cell apoptosis and inflammation. Subsequent analyses demonstrated that miR-199a-3p directly targeted IKKβ, whose expression was increased, and negatively correlated with miR-199a-3p expression in patients with DN. The protective effects of miR-199a-3p overexpression on HG-treated HK-2 cells were partially reversed by IKKβ overexpression. In addition, activation of the NF-κB pathway by HG was blocked by miR-199a-3p mimics transfection in HK-2 cells. Collectively, the present findings indicated that miR-199a-3p protected HK-2 cells against HG-induced injury via inactivation of the IKKβ/NF-κB pathway, suggesting enhanced expression of miR-199a-3p as a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Linfang Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
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Peters LJF, Floege J, Biessen EAL, Jankowski J, van der Vorst EPC. MicroRNAs in Chronic Kidney Disease: Four Candidates for Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6547. [PMID: 32906849 PMCID: PMC7555601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are still major challenges regarding the early diagnosis and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is in part due to the fact that its pathophysiology is very complex and not clarified in detail. The diagnosis of CKD commonly is made after kidney damage has occurred. This highlights the need for better mechanistic insight into CKD as well as improved clinical tools for both diagnosis and treatment. In the last decade, many studies have focused on microRNAs (miRs) as novel diagnostic tools or clinical targets. MiRs are small non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation and many have been studied in CKD. A wide array of pre-clinical and clinical studies have highlighted the potential role for miRs in the pathogenesis of hypertensive nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, kidney tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and some of the associated cardiovascular complications. In this review, we will provide an overview of the miRs studied in CKD, especially highlighting miR-103a-3p, miR-192-5p, the miR-29 family and miR-21-5p as these have the greatest potential to result in novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsey J. F. Peters
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (L.J.F.P.); (E.A.L.B.); (J.J.)
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Erik A. L. Biessen
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (L.J.F.P.); (E.A.L.B.); (J.J.)
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (L.J.F.P.); (E.A.L.B.); (J.J.)
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (L.J.F.P.); (E.A.L.B.); (J.J.)
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Wang CG, Wang L, Yang T, Su SL, Hu YH, Zhong D. Pseudogene PTENP1 sponges miR-214 to regulate the expression of PTEN to modulate osteoclast differentiation and attenuate osteoporosis. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:412-423. [PMID: 32561161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Osteoporosis (OP) is a common bone metabolic disease with a high incidence. Our study aimed to explore the pseudogene PTENP1/miR-214/PTEN axis to modulate the osteoclast differentiation in osteoporosis. METHODS Patients with osteoporosis were recruited in our study, and RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mouse model were established in vitro and in vivo, respectively. RESULTS Pseudogene PTENP1 and PTEN were significantly down-regulated and miR-214 was up-regulated in osteoporosis patients. In addition, overexpression of PTENP1 or silence of miR-214 inhibited the expression levels of osteoclast specific markers and osteoclast differentiation induced by RANKL. Overexpression of PTENP1 or silence of miR-214 also inhibited the levels of phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT, p65 nuclear translocation, IκBα degradation and the expression level of NFATc1. AlsoSilence of PTENP1 or overexpression of miR-214 induced the osteoclast differentiation under normal physiological condition. Pseudogene PTENP1 sponged miR-214 to regulate the expression of PTEN. CONCLUSIONS In an ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mouse model, obvious pathological changes in bone tissues were found, and bone marrow mononuclear cells in this group were more likely to differentiate into osteoclasts. Therefore, pseudogene PTENP1 sponged miR-214 to regulate the expression of PTEN to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and attenuate osteoporosis by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Gong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Long Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi-He Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Da Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China.
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Avgeris M, Kokkinopoulou I, Maratou E, Mitrou P, Boutati E, Scorilas A, Fragoulis EG, Christodoulou MI. Blood-based analysis of 84 microRNAs identifies molecules deregulated in individuals with type-2 diabetes, risk factors for the disease or metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 164:108187. [PMID: 32360711 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in insulin-signaling and the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D). Their deregulated expression is mostly described in the pancreas, liver, skeletal muscle, or adipose tissue of diabetic animals. Relevant studies in humans are limited due to difficulties in accessing tissue-biopsies. Though, circulating miRNAs are indicators of organ-specific pathophysiological events and could potentially serve as disease biomarkers. We explored the profile of 84 T2D-related miRNAs in peripheral blood of subjects with or without the disease. METHODS An RT-qPCR array screening 84 T2D-related miRNAs was applied in samples of T2D (n = 6) versus non-T2D (n = 6) subjects. The deregulated miRNAs were thereafter analyzed in peripheral blood samples of a validation cohort of 40 T2D and 37 non-T2D individuals [16 controls and 21 subjects with metabolic syndrome (Met-S) and/or T2D risk factors (T2D-RF)], using specific RT-qPCR assays. Correlations with clinicopathological parameters and risk factors were evaluated. RESULTS Subjects with the disease displayed decreased levels of miR-214-3p, miR-24-3p and let-7f-5p, compared to those without. MiRNA levels correlated with serum insulin and HbA1c levels in individuals with T2D or Met-S/T2D-RF, and with higher BMI, dyslipidemia and family history in controls. CONCLUSIONS Blood levels of miR-214-3p, miR-24-3p and let-7f-5p are down-regulated in T2D- and Met-S/T2D-RF subjects. Future studies are needed to evaluate their potential as disease biomarkers and elucidate the associated tissue-specific pathogenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Kokkinopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Maratou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eleni Boutati
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanuel G Fragoulis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Ioanna Christodoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Khokhar M, Roy D, Modi A, Agarwal R, Yadav D, Purohit P, Sharma P. Perspectives on the role of PTEN in diabetic nephropathy: an update. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020; 57:470-483. [PMID: 32306805 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2020.1746735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a potent tumor suppressor gene that antagonizes the proto-oncogenic phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway and governs basic cellular metabolic processes. Recently, its role in cell growth, metabolism, architecture, and motility as an intramolecular and regulatory mediator has gained widespread research interest as it applies to non-tumorous diseases, such as insulin resistance (IR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN). DN is characterized by renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and PTEN plays a significant role in the regulation of both. Epigenetics and microRNAs (miRNAs) are novel players in post-transcriptional regulation and research evidence demonstrates that they reduce the expression of PTEN by acting as key regulators of autophagy and TIF through activation of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. These regulatory processes might play an important role in solving the complexities of DN pathogenesis and IR, as well as the therapeutic management of DN with the help of PTEN K27-linked polyubiquitination. Currently, there are no comprehensive reviews citing the role PTEN plays in the development of DN and its regulation via miRNA and epigenetic modifications. The present review explores these facets of PTEN in the pathogenesis of IR and DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Khokhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Anupama Modi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Riddhi Agarwal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Dharmveer Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Chen W, Zhang YN, Jia QQ, Ji A, Shao SX, Zhang L, Gong M, Yin Q, Huang XL. MicroRNA-214 protects L6 skeletal myoblasts against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:162-172. [PMID: 32131653 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1730828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported as key gene regulators, and they control many fundamental biological processes. Previously, we demonstrated that miR-214 had a protective effect against myocardial apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis. In this study, we sought to investigate the expression of miR-214 in L6 skeletal myoblast (SKM), the regulatory effect of miR-214 on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced cell apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms of the antiapoptotic effect. MiR-214 expression was up-regulated by H2O2 in a dose and time-dependent manner in L6 SKMs. To investigate the regulatory effects of miR-214 on L6 SKM, both gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were applied. The results showed that miR-214 improved cell survival and inhibited cell apoptosis, and blockage of miR-214 abrogated the protective effect on cell survival and resistance to apoptosis. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was negatively regulated by miR-214, and PTEN inhibitor obviously reversed the effect of miR-214 blockage on enhancing cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-214 up-regulated antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, down-regulated proapoptotic protein Bax, prevented release of cytochrome c and inhibited caspase-3 activation. In summary, H2O2-induced injury increases miR-214 expression in L6 SKM, and miR-214 contributes to the protection of L6 SKM against apoptosis via lowering PTEN and subsequently inhibiting the mitochondrial-mediated caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Jia
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Zhengding, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - An Ji
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Su-Xia Shao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Miao Gong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Yin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xin-Li Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a devastating condition that is reaching epidemic levels owing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity, as well as ageing of the population. Regardless of the underlying aetiology, CKD is slowly progressive and leads to irreversible nephron loss, end-stage renal disease and/or premature death. Factors that contribute to CKD progression include parenchymal cell loss, chronic inflammation, fibrosis and reduced regenerative capacity of the kidney. Current therapies have limited effectiveness and only delay disease progression, underscoring the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches to either stop or reverse progression. Preclinical studies have identified several approaches that reduce fibrosis in experimental models, including targeting cytokines, transcription factors, developmental and signalling pathways and epigenetic modulators, particularly microRNAs. Some of these nephroprotective strategies are now being tested in clinical trials. Lessons learned from the failure of clinical studies of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) blockade underscore the need for alternative approaches to CKD therapy, as strategies that target a single pathogenic process may result in unexpected negative effects on simultaneously occurring processes. Additional promising avenues include preventing tubular cell injury and anti-fibrotic therapies that target activated myofibroblasts, the main collagen-producing cells.
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Yan Z, Zang B, Gong X, Ren J, Wang R. MiR-214-3p exacerbates kidney damages and inflammation induced by hyperlipidemic pancreatitis complicated with acute renal injury. Life Sci 2020; 241:117118. [PMID: 31790686 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Acute pancreatitis (AP) is usually complicated with multiple organ insufficiency, including renal injury. Hyperlipidemia is regarded as a risk factor to induce AP. High-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic pancreatitis (HP) increased nowadays and showed more severe symptoms and complications than other AP. However, detailed mechanisms or mediators involved in HP complicated with acute renal injury were less studied. Here, we aimed to study how miR-214 expresses in the HP and whether miR-214 has functions to regulate pathological kidney damages induced by HP. MAIN METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were adopted to establish HP model complicated with acute renal injury through long-term high-fat diet and sodium taurocholic injection. Models were injected with LV-rno-miR-214-3p or LV-anti-rno-miR-214-3p to exogenously regulate miR-214-3p to study its impacts on HP via a series of molecular and histological experiments. KEY FINDINGS MiR-214-3p was found to be up-regulated in the kidney, pancreas and serum of HP rats and also could intensify the pathological alterations, kidney and pancreas damages and fibrosis induced by HP. Inflammatory response in HP was enhanced when miR-214-3p was overexpressed. Besides, miR-214-3p up-regulation was showed to inhibit PTEN expression but increased P-Akt levels in the HP kidney, which might be a possible mechanism to induce severe symptoms of pancreatitis. Knockdown of miR-214-3p showed opposite effects. SIGNIFICANCE MiR-214-3p is indicated to exacerbate the tissue damages and inflammatory response caused by HP complicated with acute renal injury, which may provide a novel therapeutic perspective targeting miR-214-3p to treat HP with acute renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopeng Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bin Zang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoying Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiangyue Ren
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Xue R, Zhai R, Xie L, Zheng Z, Jian G, Chen T, Su J, Gao C, Wang N, Yang X, Xu Y, Gui D. Xuesaitong Protects Podocytes from Apoptosis in Diabetic Rats through Modulating PTEN-PDK1-Akt-mTOR Pathway. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:9309768. [PMID: 32051833 PMCID: PMC6995497 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9309768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and therapeutic strategies for delaying its progression are limited. Loss of podocytes by apoptosis characterizes the early stages of DKD. To identify novel therapeutic options, we investigated the effects of Xuesaitong (XST), consisting of total saponins from Panax notoginseng, on podocyte apoptosis in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. XST (5 mg/kg·d) or Losartan (10 mg/kg·d) was given to diabetic rats for 12 weeks. Albuminuria, renal function markers, and renal histopathology morphological changes were examined. Podocyte apoptosis was determined by triple immunofluorescence labelling including a TUNEL assay, WT1, and DAPI. Renal expression of Nox4, miRNA-214, PTEN, PDK1, phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, and mTORC1 was detected. In diabetic rats, severe hyperglycaemia and albuminuria developed, and apoptotic podocytes were markedly increased in diabetic kidneys. However, XST attenuated albuminuria, mesangial expansion, podocyte apoptosis, and morphological changes of podocytes in diabetic rats. Decreased expression of PTEN, as well as increased expression of Nox4, miRNA-214, PDK1, phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, and mTORC1, was detected. These abnormalities were partially restored by XST treatment. Thus, XST ameliorated podocyte apoptosis partly through modulating the PTEN-PDK1-Akt-mTOR pathway. These novel findings might point the way to a natural therapeutic strategy for treating DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ruonan Zhai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ling Xie
- Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zening Zheng
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Guihua Jian
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Su
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chongting Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
| | - Dingkun Gui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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Lv N, Li C, Liu X, Qi C, Wang Z. miR-34b Alleviates High Glucose-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Human HK-2 Cells via IL-6R/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8142-8151. [PMID: 31665127 PMCID: PMC6842269 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is well established that inflammation and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells caused by hyperglycemia contribute to the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to have roles in inflammation-related disorders, the exact role of miR-34b in DN has not been defined, and the regulatory mechanism has been unclear. This study aimed to clarify the role of miR-34b in DN pathogenesis. Material/Methods Expression of miR-34b, IL-6R, and other key factors of inflammation, apoptosis (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, caspase-3) in high glucose (HG)-induced HK-2 cells were measured by real-time PCR, Western blot, and flow cytometric cell apoptosis assays. We used luciferase reporter assay to detect the target of miR-34b. Moreover, the targeting gene of miR-34b and its downstream JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were explored. Results It was demonstrated that miR-34b overexpression inhibited apoptosis and expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and caspase-3 in HG-treated HK-2 cells. We also found that IL-6R is a direct target of miR-34b, which could rescue inflammation and apoptosis in HG-treated HK-2 cells transfected with miR-34b mimic. Furthermore, we showed that overexpression of miR-34b inhibited the IL-6R/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in HG-treated HK-2 cells. Conclusions Our data suggest that overexpression of miR-34b improves inflammation and ameliorates apoptosis in HG-induced HK-2 cells via the IL-6R/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, indicating that miR-34b could be a promising therapeutic target in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Chunqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Caihui Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenqing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong, China (mainland)
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Maity S, Das F, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Kasinath BS, Ghosh Choudhury G. High glucose increases miR-214 to power a feedback loop involving PTEN and the Akt/mTORC1 signaling axis. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2261-2272. [PMID: 31240704 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of PTEN repression by high glucose in diabetic nephropathy is not known. Using proximal tubular cells, we show that inhibition of PI3 kinase/Akt and their inactive enzymes prevents high glucose-induced PTEN downregulation. Similarly, rapamycin (Rapa) and shRaptor block suppression of PTEN by high glucose. In contrast, the constitutive activation of Akt and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)C1 decrease the expression of PTEN, similarly to high glucose. Remarkably, PI3 kinase/Akt/mTORC1 inhibition significantly attenuates high glucose-stimulated increase in miR-214, which targets PTEN, while constitutively active Akt/mTORC1 increases miR-214. Furthermore, anti-miR-214 and mTORC1 inhibition block high glucose-induced hypertrophy and fibronectin expression. These results reveal the first evidence for the presence of a high glucose-forced positive feedback conduit between the three-layered kinase cascade and miR-214/ PTEN in tubular cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Maity
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury
- VA Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, USA.,VA Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, USA.,VA Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
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35
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Wang Y, He Z, Yang Q, Zhou G. XBP1 inhibits mesangial cell apoptosis in response to oxidative stress via the PTEN/AKT pathway in diabetic nephropathy. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1249-1258. [PMID: 31077568 PMCID: PMC6609578 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that frequently results in renal disease, and is characterized by a variety of symptoms, including albuminuria. It has been shown that apoptosis of glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) can aggravate albuminuria and contribute to the development of diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Hence, determination of the mechanisms leading to MC apoptosis may help us gain insights into the pathogenesis of DN. As our understanding of the role of high glucose (HG) in MC apoptosis remains elusive, we explored the interplay between X‐box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and MC apoptosis in this study. XBP1 was observed to be downregulated both in vivo and in vitro. Treatment of XBP1‐overexpressing cells with HG resulted in a decrease of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a suppression of cell apoptosis, concomitant with decreases in cleaved caspase‐3 and Bax. Subsequent analyses demonstrated that XBP1 overexpression inhibited the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and enhanced the activation of AKT in MCs exposed to HG. In addition, XBP1‐induced injuries in MC were reversed by overexpression of PTEN, and XBP1 inhibited apoptosis, which was mediated by the activated PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Thus, our data indicate that XBP1 can activate the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, thereby alleviating oxidative stress caused by HG or MC apoptosis. These findings suggest that XBP1 may have potential in the development of treatment methods for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhong He
- Institute of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qiu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Guangju Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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36
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Naseem A, Bhat ZI, Kalaiarasan P, Kumar B, Bin Hafeez Z, Tiwari RR, Wahabi K, Gandhi G, Alam Rizvi MM. Assessment of epigenetic alterations and in silico analysis of mutation affecting PTEN expression among Indian cervical cancer patients. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15851-15866. [PMID: 31074114 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic anomalies accountable for genetic dysregulation are the most common aberrations that determine the underlying heterogeneity of the tumor cells. Currently, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) incongruity has emerged as potent and persuasive malfunctioning in varied human malignancies. In this study, we have analysed the promoter hypermethylation and expression status of PTEN. We identified different mutations in the exonic region of PTEN. Functional consequences of these mutations were explored using in silico techniques. Promoter hypermethylation of PTEN was detected using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR), expression analysis was performed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and mutation by direct sequencing in a total of 168 uterine cervix tumor cases. The findings were statistically correlated with the clinical parameters. In addition, the effect of nonsynonymous mutations was studied with molecular dynamics simulations. PTEN promoter hypermethylation (45.8%) was found to be significantly associated with the of PTEN loss (57.14%, P < 0.0001). Tumor stages, tumor size, lymph node (LN) were found to be significantly correlated with both PTEN promoter hypermethylation and PTEN loss. Histological grade, however, showed a significant association with only PTEN loss. In total, 11.76% of tumors exhibited mutations in exon 5 and 7, out of which E150K of exon 5 showed the highest deviations in the crystal structure of PTEN by in silico analysis. This study provides valuable insights into oncology and paves the path in the development of efficient biomarker and/or imperative therapeutic tool for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afreen Naseem
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Zafar Iqbal Bhat
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Bhupender Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Zubair Bin Hafeez
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Raj Ranjan Tiwari
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushnuma Wahabi
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Gauri Gandhi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, LNJP/MAMC Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - M Moshahid Alam Rizvi
- Genome Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Sankrityayan H, Kulkarni YA, Gaikwad AB. Diabetic nephropathy: The regulatory interplay between epigenetics and microRNAs. Pharmacol Res 2019; 141:574-585. [PMID: 30695734 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is still one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease despite the emergence of different therapies to counter the metabolic, hemodynamic and fibrotic pathways, implicating a prominent role of genetic and epigenetic factors in its progression. Epigenetics is the study of changes in the expression of genes which may be inheritable and does not involve a change in the genome sequence. Thrust areas of epigenetic research are DNA methylation and histone modifications. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) control the expression of genes via post-transcriptional mechanisms. However, the regulation by epigenetic mechanisms and miRNAs are not completely distinct. A number of emerging reports have revealed the interplay between epigenetic machinery and miRNA expression, particularly in cancer. Further research has proved that a feedback loop exists between miRNA expression and epigenetic regulation in disorders including DN. Studies showed that different miRNAs (miR-200, miR-29 etc.) were found to be regulated by epigenetic mechanisms viz. DNA methylation and histone modifications. Conversely, miRNAs (miR-301, miR-449 etc.) themselves modulated levels of DNA methyltranferases (DNMTs) and Histone deacetylases (HDACs), enzymes vital to epigenetic modifications. With already few FDA approved epigenetic -modulating drugs (Vorinostat, Decitabine) in the market and miRNA therapeutic drugs under clinical trial it becomes imperative to analyze the possible interaction between the two classes of drugs in the modulation of a disease process. The purpose of this review is to articulate the interplay between miRNA expression and epigenetic modifications with a particular focus on its impact on the development and progression of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Sankrityayan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
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Zhao H, Ma SX, Shang YQ, Zhang HQ, Su W. microRNAs in chronic kidney disease. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 491:59-65. [PMID: 30639583 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in high morbidity and mortality worldwide causing a huge socioeconomic burden. MicroRNA (miRNA) exert critical regulatory functions by targeting downstream genes and have been associated with many pathophysiologic processes including CKD. In fact, many studies have shown that the expression of various miRNAs was significantly changed in CKD. Current investigations have focused on revealing the relationship between miRNAs and CKD states including diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and IgA nephropathy. In this review, we summarize the latest advances elucidating miRNA involvement in the progression of CKD and demonstrate that miRNAs have the potential to be effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for subsequent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Shi-Xing Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Baoji Central Hospital, No. 8 Jiangtan Road, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, China
| | - You-Quan Shang
- Department of Nephrology, Baoji Central Hospital, No. 8 Jiangtan Road, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, China
| | - Huan-Qiao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Baoji Central Hospital, No. 8 Jiangtan Road, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Nephrology, Baoji Central Hospital, No. 8 Jiangtan Road, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, China.
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Gholaminejad A, Abdul Tehrani H, Gholami Fesharaki M. Identification of candidate microRNA biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis of profiling studies. J Nephrol 2018; 31:813-831. [PMID: 30019103 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-018-0511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim was to perform a meta-analysis on the miRNA expression profiling studies in diabetic nephropathy (DN) to identify candidate diagnostic biomarkers. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was done in several databases and 53 DN miRNA expression studies were selected. To identify significant DN-miR meta-signatures, two meta-analysis methods were employed: vote-counting strategy and the robust rank aggregation method. The targets of DN-miRs were obtained and a gene set enrichment analysis was carried out to identify the pathways most strongly affected by dysregulation of these miRNAs. RESULTS We identified a significant miRNA meta-signature common to both meta-analysis approaches of three up-regulated (miR-21-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-10a-5p) and two down-regulated (miR-25-3p and miR-26a-5p) miRNAs. Besides that, subgroup analyses divided and compared the differentially expressed miRNAs according to species (human and animal), types of diabetes (T1DN and T2DN) and tissue types (kidney, blood and urine). Enrichment analysis confirmed that DN-miRs supportively target functionally related genes in signaling and community pathways in DN. CONCLUSION Five highly significant and consistently dysregulated miRNAs were identified, and future studies should focus on discovering their potential effect on DN and their clinical value as DN biomarkers and therapeutic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Gholaminejad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Al Ahmad Street, No. 7, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdul Tehrani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Al Ahmad Street, No. 7, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
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miR-214-Dependent Increase of PHLPP2 Levels Mediates the Impairment of Insulin-Stimulated Akt Activation in Mouse Aortic Endothelial Cells Exposed to Methylglyoxal. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020522. [PMID: 29425121 PMCID: PMC5855744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence has been provided linking microRNAs (miRNAs) and diabetic complications, by the regulation of molecular pathways, including insulin-signaling, involved in the pathophysiology of vascular dysfunction. Methylglyoxal (MGO) accumulates in diabetes and is associated with cardiovascular complications. This study aims to analyze the contribution of miRNAs in the MGO-induced damaging effect on insulin responsiveness in mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs). miRNA modulation was performed by transfection of specific miRNA mimics and inhibitors in MAECs, treated or not with MGO. miRNA-target protein levels were evaluated by Western blot. PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 (PHLPP2) regulation by miR-214 was tested by luciferase assays and by the use of a target protector specific for miR-214 on PHLPP2-3′UTR. This study reveals a 4-fold increase of PHLPP2 in MGO-treated MAECs. PHLPP2 levels inversely correlate with miR-214 modulation. Moreover, miR-214 overexpression is able to reduce PHLPP2 levels in MGO-treated MAECs. Interestingly, a direct regulation of PHLPP2 is proved to be dependent by miR-214. Finally, the inhibition of miR-214 impairs the insulin-dependent Akt activation, while its overexpression rescues the insulin effect on Akt activation in MGO-treated MAECs. In conclusion, this study shows that PHLPP2 is a target of miR-214 in MAECs, and identifies miR-214 downregulation as a contributing factor to MGO-induced endothelial insulin-resistance.
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41
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Wang S, Liao J, Huang J, Yin H, Yang W, Hu M. miR-214 and miR-126 were associated with restoration of endothelial function in obesity after exercise and dietary intervention. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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42
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Zhang Y, Zhao S, Wu D, Liu X, Shi M, Wang Y, Zhang F, Ding J, Xiao Y, Guo B. MicroRNA-22 Promotes Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Targeting PTEN and Suppressing Autophagy in Diabetic Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:4728645. [PMID: 29850604 PMCID: PMC5903315 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4728645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is a major feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). There is increasing evidence demonstrating that microRNAs act as key players in the regulation of autophagy and are involved in DN. However, the exact link among microRNAs, autophagy, and TIF in DN is largely unknown. In this study, our results showed that TIF was observed in DN rats together with obvious autophagy suppression. Moreover, microRNA-22 (miR-22) was upregulated and associated with reduced expression of its target gene phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in both the kidneys of DN rats and high glucose-cultured NRK-52E cells. Intriguingly, induction of autophagy by rapamycin antagonized high glucose-induced collagen IV (Col IV) and α-SMA expression. In addition, ectopic expression of miR-22 suppressed autophagic flux and induced the expression of Col IV and α-SMA, whereas the inhibition of endogenous miR-22 effectively relieved high glucose-induced autophagy suppression and the expression of Col IV and α-SMA in NRK-52E cells. Overexpression of PTEN protectively antagonized high glucose- and miR-22-induced autophagy suppression and the expression of Col IV. Therefore, our findings indicated that miR-22 may promote TIF by suppressing autophagy partially via targeting PTEN and represents a novel and promising therapeutic target for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Jing Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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Lv W, Fan F, Wang Y, Gonzalez-Fernandez E, Wang C, Yang L, Booz GW, Roman RJ. Therapeutic potential of microRNAs for the treatment of renal fibrosis and CKD. Physiol Genomics 2017; 50:20-34. [PMID: 29127220 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00039.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as reduced glomerular filtration rate, is increasingly becoming a major public health issue. At the histological level, renal fibrosis is the final common pathway leading to end-stage renal disease, irrespective of the initial injury. According to this view, antifibrotic agents should slow or halt the progression of CKD. However, due to multiple overlapping pathways stimulating fibrosis, it has been difficult to develop antifibrotic drugs that delay or reverse the progression of CKD. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules, 18-22 nucleotides in length, that control many developmental and cellular processes as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. Emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs targeted against genes involved in renal fibrosis might be potential candidates for the development of antifibrotic therapies for CKD. This review will discuss some of the miRNAs, such as Let-7, miR-21,-29, -192, -200,-324, -132, -212, -30, -126, -433, -214, and -199a, that are implicated in renal fibrosis and the potential to exploit these molecular targets for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Ezekiel Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Lili Yang
- West Coast Clinic of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
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Cai M, Yang L, Zhang S, Liu J, Sun Y, Wang X. A bone-resorption surface-targeting nanoparticle to deliver anti-miR214 for osteoporosis therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7469-7482. [PMID: 29075114 PMCID: PMC5648312 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s139775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing fracture risks due to fragility, osteoporosis is a global health problem threatening postmenopausal women. In these patients, osteoclasts play leading roles in bone loss and fracture. How to inhibit osteoclast activity is the key issue for osteoporosis treatment. In recent years, miRNA-based gene therapy through gene regulation has been considered a potential therapeutic method. However, in light of the side effects, the use of therapeutic miRNAs in osteoporosis treatment is still limited by the lack of tissue/cell-specific delivery systems. Here, we developed polyurethane (PU) nanomicelles modified by the acidic peptide Asp8. Our data showed that without overt toxicity or eliciting an immune response, this delivery system encapsulated and selectively deliver miRNAs to OSCAR+ osteoclasts at bone-resorption surface in vivo. With the Asp8-PU delivery system, anti-miR214 was delivered to osteoclasts, and bone microarchitecture and bone mass were improved in ovariectomized osteoporosis mice. Therefore, Asp8-PU could be a useful bone-resorption surface-targeting delivery system for treatment of osteoclast-induced bone diseases and aging-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiang Cai
- Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shufan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Jiafan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Bera A, Das F, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Mariappan MM, Kasinath BS, Ghosh Choudhury G. Reciprocal regulation of miR-214 and PTEN by high glucose regulates renal glomerular mesangial and proximal tubular epithelial cell hypertrophy and matrix expansion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 313:C430-C447. [PMID: 28701356 PMCID: PMC5668576 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00081.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRs) contributes to diabetic renal complications, including renal hypertrophy and matrix protein accumulation. Reduced expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) by hyperglycemia contributes to these processes. We considered involvement of miR in the downregulation of PTEN. In the renal cortex of type 1 diabetic mice, we detected increased expression of miR-214 in association with decreased levels of PTEN and enhanced Akt phosphorylation and fibronectin expression. Mesangial and proximal tubular epithelial cells exposed to high glucose showed augmented expression of miR-214. Mutagenesis studies using 3'-UTR of PTEN in a reporter construct revealed PTEN as a direct target of miR-214, which controls its expression in both of these cells. Overexpression of miR-214 decreased the levels of PTEN and increased Akt activity similar to high glucose and lead to phosphorylation of its substrates glycogen synthase kinase-3β, PRAS40, and tuberin. In contrast, quenching of miR-214 inhibited high-glucose-induced Akt activation and its substrate phosphorylation; these changes were reversed by small interfering RNAs against PTEN. Importantly, respective expression of miR-214 or anti-miR-214 increased or decreased the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity induced by high glucose. Furthermore, mTORC1 activity was controlled by miR-214-targeted PTEN via Akt activation. In addition, neutralization of high-glucose-stimulated miR-214 expression significantly inhibited cell hypertrophy and expression of the matrix protein fibronectin. Finally, the anti-miR-214-induced inhibition of these processes was reversed by the expression of constitutively active Akt kinase and hyperactive mTORC1. These results uncover a significant role of miR-214 in the activation of mTORC1 that contributes to high-glucose-induced mesangial and proximal tubular cell hypertrophy and fibronectin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bera
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
- Department of Pathology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | | | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas;
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
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46
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Kamyshova ES, Bobkova IN, Kutyrina IM. New insights on microRNAs in diabetic nephropathy: potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets. DIABETES MELLITUS 2017. [DOI: 10.14341/dm8237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus associated with the progressive deterioration of renal function. Although microalbuminuria is considered as a gold standard for DN diagnosis, it has limited predictive powers and specificity as a diagnostic tool for the early stage of DN. Therefore, new biomarkers are required for the early detection of DN. Studies using in vitro and in vivo models of DN have revealed an important role of microRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs that modulate physiological and pathological processes by inhibiting target gene expression, in DN development. Recent studies have shown that the dysregulation of miRNAs, which is associated with the key features of DN, such as the mesangial expansion and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, is related to fibrosis and glomerular dysfunction. Thus, the up- and downregulation of miRNA expression in the renal tissue or biological fluids, including urine, may represent new biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of DN progression. In this review, we highlight the significance of miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection of DN and emphasise their potential role as a therapeutic target.
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Sharma S, Mathew AB, Chugh J. miRNAs: Nanomachines That Micromanage the Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus. Adv Clin Chem 2017; 82:199-264. [PMID: 28939211 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a combination of heterogeneous complex metabolic disorders that are associated with episodes of hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance occurring as a result of defects in insulin secretion, action, or both. The prevalence of DM is increasing at an alarming rate, and there exists a need to develop better therapeutics and prognostic markers for earlier detection and diagnosis. In this review, after giving a brief introduction of diabetes mellitus and microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis pathway, we first describe various in vitro and animal model systems that have been developed to study diabetes. Further, we elaborate on the significant roles played by miRNAs as regulators of gene expression in the context of development of diabetes and its secondary complications. The different approaches to quantify miRNAs and their potential to be used as therapeutic targets for alleviation of diabetes have also been discussed.
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