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Chi Y, Ma X, Zhang X, Wang R, Zhang D, Chu S, Zhao T, Zhou P, Zhang D. Plant growth promoting endophyte modulates soil ecological characteristics during the enhancement process of cadmium phytoremediation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 369:122206. [PMID: 39197342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Endophyte assisted phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil represents a promising strategy. However, the precise soil ecological regulatory mechanisms by which endophyte enhance the Cd phytoextraction remain unclear. Here, we employed the plant growth promoting endophyte (PGPE) Pseudomonas sp. E3, which has been validated to effectively enhance Cd extraction in Solanum nigrum L., to investigate its regulatory mechanism on soil ecology. The results demonstrated that while PGPE inoculation resulted in minimal alterations to the physicochemical properties of the bulk soil, it led to a notable increase in acid phosphatase activity by 17.86% and urease activity by 24.85% in the rhizosphere soil. This, in turn, significantly raised the available nitrogen and phosphorus contents by 16.93% and 21.27%, respectively, in the rhizosphere soil. Additionally, PGPE inoculation effectively replenished the bioavailable fractions of Fe and Cd, which had been depleted due to root uptake. Importantly, the inoculation specifically augmented the abundance of biomarkers p_Patescibacteria, f_Saccharimonadales, and g_Saccharimonadales in the rhizosphere soil. These biomarkers exhibited a significant positive correlation with the available nutrient and metal element contents. Moreover, the co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated that the inoculation resulted in a simplified bacterial community network, which may have facilitated community synergism by displacing bacteria with a negative association. This regulation appears to occur independently of PGPE colonization. Overall, our findings suggested that PGPE also exerts a regulatory influence on soil ecological features, significantly aiding hyperaccumulators in nutrient acquisition and heavy metal accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Chi
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, 200240, China; Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai, 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xianzhong Ma
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, 200240, China; Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai, 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, 200240, China; Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai, 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Renyuan Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, 200240, China; Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai, 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, 200240, China; Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai, 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shaohua Chu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, 200240, China; Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai, 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, 200240, China; Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai, 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, 200240, China; Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai, 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Song X, Wang N, Zhou J, Tao J, He X, Guo N. High cadmium-accumulating Salix ecotype shapes rhizosphere microbiome to facilitate cadmium extraction. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108904. [PMID: 39059023 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination poses a significant threat to agricultural soils and food safety, necessitating effective remediation strategies. Salix species, with their high coverage and Cd accumulating capacity, hold promise for remediation efforts. The rhizosphere microbiome is crucial for enhancing Cd accumulating capacity for Salix. However, the mechanisms by how Salix interacts with its rhizosphere microbiome to enhance Cd extraction remains poorly understood. In this study, we compared the remediation performance of two Salix ecotypes: 51-3 (High Cd-accumulating Ecotype, HAE) and P646 (Low Cd-accumulating Ecotype, LAE). HAE exhibited notable advantages over LAE, with 10.80 % higher plant height, 43.80 % higher biomass, 20.26 % higher Cd accumulation in aboveground tissues (93.09 μg on average), and a superior Cd translocation factor (1.97 on average). Analysis of the rhizosphere bacterial community via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that HAE harbored a more diverse bacterial community with a distinct composition compared to LAE. Indicator analysis identified 84 genera specifically enriched in HAE, predominantly belonging to Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, including beneficial microbes such as Streptomyces, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas. Network analysis further elucidated three taxa groups specifically recruited by HAE, which were highly correlated with functional genes that associated with biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins. These functions contribute to enhancing plant growth, Cd uptake, and resistance to Cd in Salix. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of the rhizosphere microbiome in facilitating Cd extraction and provide insights into microbiome-based strategies for sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Song
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China; College of Art Design, Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute, Yangzhou, 225107, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ningqi Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- National Willow Engineering Technology Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, 211153, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xudong He
- National Willow Engineering Technology Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, 211153, China.
| | - Nan Guo
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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Jaramillo-Mazo C, Bravo D, Guerra Sierra BE, Alvarez JC. Association between bacterial community and cadmium distribution across Colombian cacao crops. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0336323. [PMID: 38814085 PMCID: PMC11218527 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03363-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Assessing the bacterial community composition across cacao crops is important to understand its potential role as a modulator of cadmium (Cd) translocation to plant tissues under field conditions; Cd mobility between soil and plants is a complex and multifactorial problem that cannot be captured only by experimentation. Although microbes have been shown to metabolize and drive the speciation of Cd under controlled conditions, regardless of the link between soil bacterial community (SBC) dynamics and Cd mobilization in the rhizosphere, only a few studies have addressed the relationship between soil bacterial community composition (SBCC) and Cd content in cacao seeds (Cdseed). Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association between SBCC and different factors influencing the distribution of Cd across cacao crop systems. This study comprised 225 samples collected across five farms, where we used an amplicon sequencing approach to characterize the bacterial community composition. The soil Cd concentration alone (Cdsoil) was a poor predictor of Cdseed. Still, we found that this relationship was more apparent when the variation within farms was controlled, suggesting a role of heterogeneity within farms in modulating Cd translocation and, thus, seed Cd content. Our results provide evidence of the link between soil bacterial communities and the distribution of Cd across Colombian cacao crops, and highlight the importance of incorporating fine-spatial-scale studies to advance the understanding of factors driving Cd uptake and accumulation in cacao plants. IMPORTANCE Cadmium (Cd) content in cacao crops is an issue that generates interest due to the commercialization of chocolate for human consumption. Several studies provided evidence about the non-biological factors involved in its translocation into the cacao plant. However, factors related to this process, including soil bacterial community composition (SBCC), still need to be addressed. It is well known that soil microbiome could impact compounds' chemical transformation, including Cd, on the field. Here, we found the first evidence of the link between soil bacterial community composition and Cd concentration in cacao soils and seeds. It highlights the importance of including the variation of bacterial communities to assess the factors driving the Cd translocation into cacao seeds. Moreover, the results highlight the relevance of the spatial heterogeneity within and across cacao farms, influencing the variability of Cd concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Jaramillo-Mazo
- Research Group in Biological Sciences and BioProcess (CIBIOP), School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, EAFIT University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Daniel Bravo
- Laboratory of Soil Microbiology & Calorimetry, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria AGROSAVIA, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Beatriz E Guerra Sierra
- Research Group in Agro-Environmental Biotechnology and Health (MICROBIOTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Javier C Alvarez
- Research Group in Biological Sciences and BioProcess (CIBIOP), School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, EAFIT University, Medellín, Colombia
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Afzal M, Muhammad S, Tan D, Kaleem S, Khattak AA, Wang X, Chen X, Ma L, Mo J, Muhammad N, Jan M, Tan Z. The Effects of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil Nitrogen Transformation and Rice Volatile Organic Compounds under Different Water Management Practices. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:871. [PMID: 38592896 PMCID: PMC10976017 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
One of the most concerning global environmental issues is the pollution of agricultural soils by heavy metals (HMs), especially cadmium, which not only affects human health through Cd-containing foods but also impacts the quality of rice. The soil's nitrification and denitrification processes, coupled with the release of volatile organic compounds by plants, raise substantial concerns. In this review, we summarize the recent literature related to the deleterious effects of Cd on both soil processes related to the N cycle and rice quality, particularly aroma, in different water management practices. Under both continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) conditions, cadmium has been observed to reduce both the nitrification and denitrification processes. The adverse effects are more pronounced in alternate wetting and drying (AWD) as compared to continuous flooding (CF). Similarly, the alteration in rice aroma is more significant in AWD than in CF. The precise modulation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by Cd remains unclear based on the available literature. Nevertheless, HM accumulation is higher in AWD conditions compared to CF, leading to a detrimental impact on volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The literature concludes that AWD practices should be avoided in Cd-contaminated fields to decrease accumulation and maintain the quality of the rice. In the future, rhizospheric engineering and plant biotechnology can be used to decrease the transport of HMs from the soil to the plant's edible parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Afzal
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.A.); (A.A.K.); (X.W.); (L.M.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China;
| | - Sajid Muhammad
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Dedong Tan
- School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
| | - Sidra Kaleem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad 44600, Pakistan;
| | - Arif Ali Khattak
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.A.); (A.A.K.); (X.W.); (L.M.)
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.A.); (A.A.K.); (X.W.); (L.M.)
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China;
| | - Liangfang Ma
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.A.); (A.A.K.); (X.W.); (L.M.)
| | - Jingzhi Mo
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.A.); (A.A.K.); (X.W.); (L.M.)
| | - Niaz Muhammad
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan;
| | - Mehmood Jan
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.A.); (A.A.K.); (X.W.); (L.M.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China;
| | - Zhiyuan Tan
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.A.); (A.A.K.); (X.W.); (L.M.)
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Song L, Zhou J, Xu X, Na M, Xu S, Huang Y, Zhang J, Li X, Zheng X. Inoculation of cadmium-tolerant bacteria to regulate microbial activity and key bacterial population in cadmium-contaminated soils during bioremediation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115957. [PMID: 38219617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne can be used in conjunction with cadmium (Cd)-tolerant bacteria such as Cdq4-2 (Enterococcus spp.) for bioremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. In this study, a theoretical basis was provided to increase the efficiency of L. perenne remediation of Cd-contaminated soil using microorganisms to maintain the stability of the soil microbiome. The experimental design involved three treatment groups: CK (soil without Cd addition) as the control, 20 mg·kg-1 Cd-contaminated soil, and 20 mg·kg-1 Cd-contaminated soil + Cdq4-2, all planted with L. perenne. The soil was collected on day 60 to determine the soil microbial activity and bacterial community structure and to analyze the correlation between soil variables, the bacterial community, available Cd content in the soil, Cd accumulation, and L. perenne growth. The soil microbial activity and bacterial community diversity decreased under Cd stress, and the soil microbial community composition was changed; while inoculation with Cdq4-2 significantly increased soil basal respiration and the activities of urease, invertase, and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolase by 83.65%, 79.72%, 19.88%, and 96.15% respectively; and the stability of the community structure was also enhanced. The Actinobacteriota biomass, the amount of available Cd, and the above- and belowground Cd content of L. perenne were significantly negatively correlated with the total phosphorus, total potassium, and pH. The activity of urease, invertase, and FDA hydrolase were significantly positively correlated with the biomasses of Acidobacteriota and L. perenne and significantly negatively correlated with the Chloroflexi biomass. Further, the available soil Cd content and the above- and belowground Cd levels of L. perenne were significantly positively correlated with the Actinobacteriota biomass and significantly negatively correlated with the Gemmatimonadetes biomass. Overall, inoculating Cd-tolerant bacteria improved the microbial activity, diversity, and abundance, and changed the microbial community composition, facilitating the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil by L. perenne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanping Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jihai Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Modern Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Meng Na
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Shangqi Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yongjie Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Modern Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xianqing Zheng
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
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Warke M, Sarkar D, Schaerer L, Vohs T, Techtmann S, Datta R. Comparative assessment of bacterial diversity and composition in arsenic hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata L. and non-accumulator, Pteris ensiformis Burm. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139812. [PMID: 37597630 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The use of arsenic (As) for various industrial and agricultural applications has led to worldwide environmental contamination. Phytoremediation using hyperaccumulators is a sustainable soil As mitigation strategy. Microbial processes play an important role in the tolerance and uptake of trace elements such as in plants. The rhizospheric and endophytic microbial communities are responsible for accelerating the mobility of trace elements around the roots and the production of plant growth-promoting compounds and enzymes. Several studies have reported that the As hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata L. (PV) influences the microbial community in its rhizosphere and roots. Deciphering the differences in the microbiomes of hyperaccumulators and non-accumulators is crucial in understanding the mechanism of hyperaccumulation. We hypothesized that there are significant differences in the microbiome of roots, rhizospheric soil, and bulk soil between the hyperaccumulator PV and a non-accumulator of the same genus, Pteris ensiformis Burm. (PE), and that the differential recruitment of bacterial communities provides PV with an advantage in As contaminated soil. We compared root endophytic, rhizospheric, and bulk soil microbial communities between PV and PE species grown in As-contaminated soil in a greenhouse setting. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) in the microbiome of the three compartments between the ferns. Differential abundance analysis showed 328 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) enriched in PV compared to 172 in PE. The bulk and rhizospheric soil of both ferns were abundant in As-resistant genera. However, As-tolerant root endophytic genera were present in PV but absent in PE. Our findings show that there is a difference between the bacterial composition of an As hyperaccumulator and a non-accumulator species grown in As-contaminated soil. These differences need to be further explored to develop strategies for improving the efficiency of metal uptake in plants growing in As polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Warke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Dibyendu Sarkar
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Laura Schaerer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Tara Vohs
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Stephen Techtmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
| | - Rupali Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
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Yan J, Wang L, Xing C, Ma S, Xu J, Shou B, Lan S, Wu X, Cai M. Graphitic carbon nitride alleviates cadmium toxicity to microbial communities in soybean rhizosphere. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:94988-95001. [PMID: 37542018 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination has led to various harmful impacts on soil microbial ecosystem, agricultural crops, and thus human health. Nanomaterials are promising candidates for reducing the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. In this study, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), a two-dimensional polymeric nanomaterial, was applied for ameliorating Cd phytotoxicity to soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Its impacts on rhizosphere variables, microorganisms, and metabolism were examined. It was found that g-C3N4 increased carbon/nitrogen/phosphorus (C/N/P) content, especially when N contents were averagely 4.2 times higher in the g-C3N4-treated groups. g-C3N4 significantly induced alterations in microbial community structures (P < 0.05). The abundance of the probiotics class Nitrososphaeria was enriched (on average 70% higher in the g-C3N4-treated groups) as was Actinobacteria (226% higher in the g-C3N4 group than in the CK group). At the genus level, g-C3N4 recruited more Bradyrhizobium (122% higher) in the Cd + g-C3N4 group than in the Cd group and more Sphingomonas (on average 24% higher) in the g-C3N4-treated groups. The changes of microbial clusters demonstrated the potential of g-C3N4 to shape microbial functions, promote plant growth, and enhance Cd resistance, despite observing less pronounced modifications in microbial communities in Cd-contaminated soil compared to Cd-free soil. Moreover, abundance of functional genes related to C/N/P transformation was more significantly promoted by g-C3N4 in Cd-contaminated soil (increased by 146%) than in Cd-free one (increased by 32.8%). Therefore, g-C3N4 facilitated enhanced microbial survival and adaptation through the amplification of functional genes. These results validated the alleviation of g-C3N4 on the microbial communities in the soybean rhizosphere and shed a new light on the application of environmental-friendly nanomaterials for secure production of the crop under soil Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Yan
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghua Xing
- College of Agriculture, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321007, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Ma
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzhe Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Beiyi Shou
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shasha Lan
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilin Wu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaozhen Cai
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, People's Republic of China.
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Cui S, Xiao H, Miao D, Yang W. Metal uptake and translocation by Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) and diversity of rhizosphere microbial communities under single and combined arsenic and cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:85198-85209. [PMID: 37380855 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) can increase tolerance to arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) toxicity by regulating rhizosphere microbial diversity. However, effects of combined As-Cd stress on microbial diversity and plant uptake and transport remain poorly understood. Therefore, effects of different concentrations of As and Cd on Pteris vittata (P. vittata) metal uptake and translocation and rhizosphere microbial diversity were examined in a pot experiment. The results indicated that As primarily accumulated aboveground in P. vittata (bioconcentration factor (BCF) ≤ 51.3; translocation factor (TF) ≈ 4), whereas Cd primarily accumulated belowground (BCF ≤ 39.1; TF < 1). Under single As, single Cd, and As-Cd combined stress, the most dominant bacteria and fungi were Burkholderia-Caballeronia-P (6.62-27.92%) and Boeremia (4.61-30.42%), Massilia (8.07-11.51%) and Trichoderma (4.47-22.20%), and Bradyrhizobium (2.24-10.38%) and Boeremia (3.16-45.69%), respectively, and their abundance ratios had a significant impact on the efficiency of P. vittata for As and Cd accumulation. However, with increasing As and Cd concentrations, abundances of plant pathogenic bacteria such as Fusarium and Chaetomium (the highest abundances were 18.08% and 23.72%, respectively) increased, indicating that As and Cd concentrations reduced P. vittata resistance to pathogens. At high soil concentrations of As-Cd, although plant As and Cd contents increased and microbial diversity was highest, enrichment efficiency and transportability of As and Cd decreased substantially. Therefore, pollution intensity should be considered when evaluating P. vittata suitability for phytoremediation of combined As-Cd contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhan Cui
- School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yunnan, China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yunnan, China
| | - Deren Miao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yunnan, China
| | - Wanqiu Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yunnan, China.
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9
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Chi Y, Ma X, Wu J, Wang R, Zhang X, Chu S, Zhang D, Zhou P. Plant growth promoting endophyte promotes cadmium accumulation in Solanum nigrum L. by regulating plant homeostasis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131866. [PMID: 37329596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The homeostasis regulating mechanism of endophyte enhancing cadmium (Cd) extraction by hyperaccumulator is poorly understood. Here, an endophyte strain E3 that belonged to Pseudomonas was screened from Cd hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L., which significantly improved the Cd phytoextraction efficiency of S. nigrum by 40.26%. The content and translocation factor of nutrient elements indicated that endophyte might regulate Cd accumulation by affecting the uptake and transport of magnesium and iron in S. nigrum. Gene transcriptional expression profile further revealed that SnMGT, SnIRT1, and SnIRT2, etc., were the key genes involved in the regulation of S. nigrum elements uptake by endophyte. However, changes in elemental homeostasis did not negatively affect plant growth. Endophyte inoculation promoted plant growth by fortifying photosynthesis as well as recruiting specific bacteria in S. nigrum endosphere, e.g., Pseudonocardiaceae, Halomonas. Notably, PICRUSt2 analysis and biochemical characterization jointly suggested that endophyte regulated starch degradation in S. nigrum leaves to maintain photosynthetic balance. Our results demonstrated that microecological characteristics of hyperaccumulator could be reshaped by endophyte, also the homeostasis regulation in endophyte enhanced hyperaccumulator Cd phytoextraction was significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Chi
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xianzhong Ma
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Renyuan Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaohua Chu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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10
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Xu L, Wang R, Jin B, Chen J, Jiang T, Ali W, Tian S, Lu L. Cadmium inhibits powdery mildew colonization and reconstructs microbial community in leaves of the hyperaccumulator plant Sedum alfredii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 260:115076. [PMID: 37257346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the influence of the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) on the phyllosphere microbiome of hyperaccumulator plants is crucial for enhancing phytoremediation. The characteristics of the phyllosphere of Sedum alfredii Hance, a hyperaccumulator plant, were investigated using 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer amplicon sequencing of powdery mildew-infected leaves treated or untreated with Cd. The results showed that the colonization of powdery mildew caused severe chlorosis and necrosis in S. alfredii leaves, and the relative abundance of Leotiomycetes in infected leaves increased dramatically and significantly decreased phyllosphere microbiome diversity. However, S. alfredii preferentially accumulated higher concentrations of Cd in the leaves of infected plants than in uninfected plants by powdery mildew, which in turn significantly inhibited powdery mildew colonization in leaves; the relative abundance of the fungal class Leotiomycetes in infected leaves decreased, and alpha and beta diversities of the phyllosphere microbiome significantly increased with Cd treatment in the infected plants. In addition, the inter-kingdom networks in the microbiota of the infected leaves treated with Cd presented many nodes and edges, and the highest inter-kingdom modularity compared to the untreated infected leaves, indicating a highly connected microbial community. These results suggest that Cd significantly inhibits powdery mildew colonization by altering the composition of the phyllosphere microbiome in S. alfredii leaves, paving the way for efficient heavy metal phytoremediation and providing a new perspective on defense strategies against heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Runze Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bingjie Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiuzhou Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tianchi Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Waqar Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science's, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Shengke Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resource and Environment of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lingli Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resource and Environment of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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11
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Munir R, Jan M, Muhammad S, Afzal M, Jan N, Yasin MU, Munir I, Iqbal A, Yang S, Zhou W, Gan Y. Detrimental effects of Cd and temperature on rice and functions of microbial community in paddy soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121371. [PMID: 36878274 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) contamination and high environmental temperature (HT) are caused by anthropogenic activities that negatively impact soil microbial communities and agricultural productivity. Although HM contaminations have deleterious effects on microbes and plants; there are hardly any reports on the combined effects of HM and HT. Here, we reported that HT coupled with cadmium (Cd) accumulation in soil and irrigated water could seriously affect crop growth and productivity, alternatively influencing the microbial community and nutrient cycles of paddy soils in rice fields. We analyzed different mechanisms of plants and microflora in the rhizospheric region, such as plant rhizospheric nitrification, endophytes colonization, nutrient uptake, and physiology of temperature-sensitive (IR64) and temperature-resistant Huanghuazhan (HZ) rice cultivars against different Cd levels (2, 5 and 10 mg kg-1) with rice plants grown under 25 °C and 40 °C temperatures. Consequently, an increment in Cd accumulation was observed with rising temperature leading to enhanced expression of OsNTRs. In contrast, a greater decline in the microbial community was detected in IR64 cultivar than HZ. Similarly, ammonium oxidation, root-IAA, shoot-ABA production, and 16S rRNA gene abundance in the rhizosphere and endosphere were significantly influenced by HT and Cd levels, resulting in a significant decrease in the colonization of endophytes and the surface area of roots, leading to a decreased N uptake from the soil. Overall, the outcomes of this study unveiled the novel effects of Cd, temperature, and their combined effect on rice growth and functions of the microbial community. These results provide effective strategies to overcome Cd-phytotoxicity on the health of endophytes and rhizospheric bacteria in Cd-contaminated soil by using temperature-tolerant rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheel Munir
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mehmood Jan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sajid Muhammad
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environment and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Nazia Jan
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Yasin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Iqbal Munir
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Aqib Iqbal
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Shuaiqi Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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12
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Zhang Y, Huang H, Zhan J, Yu H, Ye D, Zhang X, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Li T. Indigenous rhizosphere microbial community characteristics of the phytostabilizer Athyrium wardii (Hook.) grown in a Pb/Zn mine tailing. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136552. [PMID: 36152838 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant rhizosphere microbiome usually changes dramatically in adaptation to the mine environment to endure high heavy metal concentration, which in turn improves the process of revegetation and phytostabilization of mine tailing and deserves deep investigation. A field study was conducted to investigate the indigenous microbial community of a mining ecotype (ME) of the phytostabilizer Athyrium wardii (Hook.) grown in a Pb/Zn mine tailing and a corresponding non-mining ecotype (NME) grown in an uncontaminated adjacent site. Our study found a slight difference in microbial α-diversity between the ME and NME, and no significant difference between the rhizosphere and bulk soil. Both bacterial and fungal community compositions differed between the ME and NME, for which the differences were mainly driven by pH and metal contaminants. The ME harbored a unique microbial community in the rhizosphere soils different from the bulk soil and NME counterparts. The dominant phyla in the ME rhizosphere were Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Nitrospirae, and Ascomycota. Several genera from Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Ascomycota were more abundant in the ME rhizosphere than in the NME rhizosphere. Network analysis revealed that keystone taxa were different in the two sites. Some keystone taxa from Gemmatimonadaceae, and Burkholderiaceae and Ascomycota played a critical role in microbial interactions within the mine tailing network. The unique microbial community with high tolerance in the rhizosphere soils of ME may show great benefit for plant growth and metal tolerance of the ME and thereby contributing to the process of revegetation and phytostabilization of mine tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhong Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Huagang Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Juan Zhan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Daihua Ye
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xizhou Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zicheng Zheng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yongdong Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Tingxuan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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13
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Shang Z, Wang Y, An M, Chen X, Kulyar MFEA, Tan Z, Liu S, Li K. The successional trajectory of bacterial and fungal communities in soil are fabricated by yaks’ excrement contamination in plateau, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1016852. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1016852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The soil microbiome is crucial in determining contemporary realistic conditions for future terrestrial ecological and evolutionary development. However, the precise mechanism between the fecal deposition in livestock grazing and changes in the soil microbiome remains unknown. This is the first in-depth study of bacterial and fungal taxonomic changes of excrement contaminated soils in the plateau (>3,500 m). This suggests the functional shifts towards a harmful-dominated soil microbiome. According to our findings, excrement contamination significantly reduced the soil bacterial and fungal diversity and richness. Furthermore, a continuous decrease in the relative abundance of microorganisms was associated with nutrient cycling, soil pollution purification, and root-soil stability with the increasing degree of excrement contamination. In comparison, soil pathogens were found to have the opposite trend in the scenario, further deteriorating normal soil function and system resilience. Such colonization and succession of the microbiome might provide an important potential theoretical instruction for microbiome-based soil health protection measures in the plateau of China.
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14
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Abid AA, Zhang G, He D, Wang H, Batool I, Di H, Zhang Q. Combined effects of Bacillus sp. M6 strain and Sedum alfredii on rhizosphere community and bioremediation of cadmium polluted soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:913787. [PMID: 36212314 PMCID: PMC9533712 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.913787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Concerns regarding inevitable soil translocation and bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd) in plants have been escalating in concomitance with the posed phytotoxicity and threat to human health. Exhibiting a Cd tolerance, Bacillus sp. M6 strain has been reported as a soil amendment owing to its capability of reducing metal bioavailability in soils. The present study investigated the rhizospheric bacterial community of the Cd hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, the Cd removal efficiency of strain Bacillus sp. M6 was enhanced by supplementing with biochar (C), glutamic acid (G), and rhamnolipid (R) to promote the phytoremediation effect of hyperaccumulator S. alfredii. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the amendments such as C, G, and R together with the plant-microbe system S. alfredii-Bacillus sp. M6 has been used for Cd bioremediation. The results showed that soil CaCl2 and DTPA (Diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid) extractable Cd increased by 52.77 and 95.08%, respectively, in all M6 treatments compared to unamended control (CK). Sedum alfredii with Bacillus sp. M6 supplemented with biochar and rhamnolipid displayed a higher phytoremediation effect, and the removal capability of soil Cd (II) reached up to 16.47%. Moreover, remediation of Cd polluted soil by Bacillus sp. M6 also had an impact on the soil microbiome, including ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and cadmium transporting ATPase (cadA) genes. Quantitative PCR analysis confirmed the Bacillus sp. M6 strain increased the abundance of AOB and cadA in both low Cd (LC) and high Cd (HC) soils compared to AOA gene abundance. Besides, the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria was found to be highest in both soils representing high tolerance capacity against Cd. While Firmicutes ranked third, indicating that the additionof strain could not make it the most dominant species. The results suggested the presence of the hyperaccumulator S. alfredii and Cd tolerant strain Bacillus sp. M6 supplemented with biochar, and rhamnolipid, play a unique and essential role in the remediation process and reducing the bioavailability of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ali Abid
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gengmiao Zhang
- Zhuji Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhuji, China
| | - Dan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanhe Wang
- Zhuji Economic Speciality Station, Zhuji, China
| | - Itrat Batool
- Institute of Food Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjie Di
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Xu M, Dai W, Zhao Z, Zheng J, Huang F, Mei C, Huang S, Liu C, Wang P, Xiao R. Effect of rice straw biochar on three different levels of Cd-contaminated soils: Cd availability, soil properties, and microbial communities. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134551. [PMID: 35405191 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can be effective in immobilizing soil cadmium (Cd), but the difference in its immobilization mechanisms for different levels of Cd-contaminated soils was overlooked. In this study, rice straw biochar (BC) was added to three Cd-contaminated soils following 180 days of incubation, in the process of which the dynamic changes of Cd speciation, soil properties and microbial community diversity were determined. BC could significantly reduce the ratio of acid-soluble in the three soils, especially in light and medium Cd-contaminated soils by more than 20%. The addition of biochar could significantly increase the soil pH, soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and the activities of catalase, but decrease the richness and diversity of bacterial communities in all soils. The associations between microbial communities were inhibited in light and medium Cd-contaminated soils, but promoted in heavy Cd-contaminated soils. Furthermore, the main pathway of BC effect on soil Cd availability was also analyzed by partial least squares model (PLS-PM), which indicated that BC indirectly reduced Cd availability mainly by regulating the microbial community in light Cd-contaminated soil, whereas BC directly reduced Cd availability primarily by its own adsorption in medium and heavy Cd-contaminated soils. This research deepened understanding of the mechanisms of stabilization of Cd by biochar for agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Xu
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Weijie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zilin Zhao
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiatong Zheng
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Fei Huang
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Chuang Mei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Shuting Huang
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chufan Liu
- Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science, Shenzhen, 518001, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Rongbo Xiao
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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16
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Lu L, Chen C, Ke T, Wang M, Sima M, Huang S. Long-term metal pollution shifts microbial functional profiles of nitrification and denitrification in agricultural soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154732. [PMID: 35346706 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing contamination of heavy metals in agricultural soils and its impact on the nitrogen (N) cycle and N use efficiency have attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this study, agricultural soils neighboring the Dabaoshan copper mining area (DBS) and Qingyuan electronic-waste recycling area (QY), in Guangdong, China, were sampled to study the interaction between heavy metals and nitrification/denitrification processes, especially the related microbial functional profiles. Results showed that the contamination of heavy metals affected nitrifiers and denitrifiers differently. The potential nitrification activity was about four times lower in metal-polluted soils compared with the unpolluted ones, with a significant decrease in the abundance of amoA and nxrB (p < 0.05) in the polluted samples. On the other hand, the potential denitrification activity was more metal-resistant, which attributed to its complex species composition as shown by a slightly higher α-diversity index, and was slightly higher (p > 0.05) in the polluted samples. Among the five denitrifying genes tested, nosZ gene had the highest increase and the nirK gene the most decrease in numbers and in the polluted soils. The metal-polluted soils had fewer correlations among N functional genes based on the co-occurrence network analysis. In addition, the core taxa of the whole bacterial community changed from copiotrophic to oligotrophic bacteria in the presence of heavy metals. Mantel test indicated that heavy metals were the dominant factors determining N-related genes while the bacterial community composition was due to a combination of heavy metal presence and soil properties such as TOC, NO2-, and pH. It is concluded that long-term heavy metals pollution potentially affected nitrifiers and denitrifiers differently as indicated by the shift in N functional genes and the change in nitrification/denitrification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Environment Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Tan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Environment Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Matthew Sima
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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17
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Yuan Q, Wang P, Wang X, Hu B, Tao L. Phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated sediment using Hydrilla verticillata and Elodea canadensis harbor two same keystone rhizobacteria Pedosphaeraceae and Parasegetibacter. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131648. [PMID: 34315079 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic macrophytes have been widely employed for in-situ phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) polluted sediments. But, little is known about the responses of rhizosphere bacteria and their interspecific interactions to phytoremediation. In this study, the α-diversity, community composition, co-occurrence network and keystone species of sediment bacteria in rhizosphere zones of two typical macrophytes, Hydrilla verticillata and Elodea canadensis, were investigated using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that after fifty days of phytoremediation, a group of specialized sediment bacteria were assembled in the rhizosphere zones closely associated with different host macrophytes. Rhizosphere micro-environments, i.e., the increases of redox potential and organic matter and the decreases of pH, nitrogen and phosphorus, reduced bacterial α-diversity through niche-based species-sorting process, which in turn reduced interspecific mutualistic relationships. But meanwhile, benefiting from the nutrients supplied from macrophyte roots, more bacterial species survived in the highly Cd-contaminated sediments (50 mg kg-1). In addition, the co-occurrence network revealed that both macrophytes harbored two same keystone bacteria with the high betweenness centrality values, including the family Pedosphaeraceae (genus_unclassified) and genus Parasegetibacter. Their relative abundances were up to 28-fold and 25-fold higher than other keystone species, respectively. Furthermore, these two keystone bacteria were metabolic generalists with vital ecological functions, which posed significant potentials for promoting plant growth and tolerating Cd bio-toxicity. Therefore, the identified keystone rhizobacteria, Pedosphaeraceae and Parasegetibacter, would be potential microbial modulations applied for the future optimization of phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China.
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China.
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China.
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China.
| | - Li Tao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China.
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Du Y, Zhang D, Zhou D, Liu L, Wu J, Chen H, Jin D, Yan M. The growth of plants and indigenous bacterial community were significantly affected by cadmium contamination in soil-plant system. AMB Express 2021; 11:103. [PMID: 34245386 PMCID: PMC8272791 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Concentrations of heavy metals continue to increase in soil environments as a result of both anthropogenic activities and natural processes. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals and poses health risks to both humans and the ecosystem. Herein, we explore the impacts of Cd on a soil-plant system composed of oilseed rapes (Brassica napus and Brassica juncea) and bacteria. The results showed that Cd accumulation within tissues of two species of oilseed rapes enhanced with increasing concentrations of Cd in soils, and Cd treatment decreased their chlorophyll content and suppressed rapeseeds growth. Meanwhile, Cd stress induced the changes of antioxidative enzymes activities of both B. napus and B. juncea. Response to Cd of bacterial community was similar in soil-two species of oilseed rapes system. The impact of Cd on the bacterial communities of soils was greater than bacterial communities of plants (phyllosphere and endophyte). The α-diversity of bacterial community in soils declined significantly under higher Cd concentration (30 mg/kg). In addition, soil bacterial communities composition and structure were altered in the presence of higher Cd concentration. Meanwhile, the bacterial communities of bulk soils were significantly correlated with Cd, while the variation of rhizosphere soils bacterial communities were markedly correlated with Cd and other environmental factors of both soils and plants. These results suggested that Cd could affect both the growth of plants and the indigenous bacterial community in soil-plant system, which might further change ecosystem functions in soils.
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Variation and succession of microbial communities under the conditions of persistent heavy metal and their survival mechanism. Microb Pathog 2021; 150:104713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Halim MA, Rahman MM, Megharaj M, Naidu R. Cadmium Immobilization in the Rhizosphere and Plant Cellular Detoxification: Role of Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria as a Sustainable Solution. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13497-13529. [PMID: 33170689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Food is the major cadmium (Cd)-exposure pathway from agricultural soils to humans and other living entities and must be reduced in an effective way. A plant can select beneficial microbes, like plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), depending upon the nature of root exudates in the rhizosphere, for its own benefits, such as plant growth promotion as well as protection from metal toxicity. This review intends to seek out information on the rhizo-immobilization of Cd in polluted soils using the PGPR along with plant nutrient fertilizers. This review suggests that the rhizo-immobilization of Cd by a combination of PGPR and nanohybrid-based plant nutrient fertilizers would be a potential and sustainable technology for phytoavailable Cd immobilization in the rhizosphere and plant cellular detoxification, by keeping the plant nutrition flow and green dynamics of plant nutrition and boosting the plant growth and development under Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Halim
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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Wang R, Hou D, Chen J, Li J, Fu Y, Wang S, Zheng W, Lu L, Tian S. Distinct rhizobacterial functional assemblies assist two Sedum alfredii ecotypes to adopt different survival strategies under lead stress. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105912. [PMID: 32650147 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) contamination presents a widespread environmental plague. Sedum alfredii is widely used for soil phytoremediation owing to its capacity to extract heavy metals, such as Pb. Although efficient Pb extraction is mediated by complex interactions between the roots and rhizospheric bacteria, the mechanism by which S. alfredii recruits microorganisms under Pb stress remains unclear. The Pb-accumulating ecotype (AE) and non-accumulating ecotype (NAE) of S. alfredii recruited different rhizobacterial communities. Under Pb stress, AE rhizosphere-enriched bacteria assembled into stable-connected clusters with higher phylogenetic and functional diversity. These microbes, e.g., Flavobacterium, could release indoleacetic acid to promote plant growth and siderophores, thereby increasing Pb availability. The NAE rhizosphere-enriched functional bacteria "desperately" assembled into highly specialized functional clusters with extremely low phylogenetic diversity. These bacteria, e.g., Pseudomonas, could enhance phosphorus solubilization and Pb precipitation, thereby reducing Pb stress and plant Pb accumulation. High niche overlap level of the rhizo-enriched species raised challenges in soil resource utilization, whereas the NAE community assembly was markedly constrained by environmental "selection effect" than that of AE rhizobacterial community. These results indicate that different ecotypes of S. alfredii recruit distinct bacterial functional assemblies to drive specific plant-soil feedbacks for different survival in Pb-contaminated soils. To cope with heavy metal stress, NAE formed a highly functional and specialized but vulnerable community and efficiently blocked heavy metal absorption by plants. However, the AE community adopted a more stable and elegant strategy to promote plant growth and the accumulation of dry matter via multiple evolutionary strategies that ensured a high yield of heavy metal phytoextraction. This for the first time provides new insights into the roles of rhizosphere microbes in plant adaptations to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dandi Hou
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiuzhou Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yingyi Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sen Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lingli Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shengke Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Niu X, Zhou J, Wang X, Su X, Du S, Zhu Y, Yang J, Huang D. Indigenous Bacteria Have High Potential for Promoting Salix integra Thunb. Remediation of Lead-Contaminated Soil by Adjusting Soil Properties. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:924. [PMID: 32508771 PMCID: PMC7248224 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Salix integra Thunb., a fast-growing woody plant species, has been used for phytoremediation in recent years. However, little knowledge is available regarding indigenous soil microbial communities associated with the S. integra phytoextraction process. In this study, we used an Illumina MiSeq platform to explore the indigenous microbial composition after planting S. integra at different lead (Pb) contamination levels: no Pb, low Pb treatment (Pb 500 mg kg–1), and high Pb treatment (Pb 1500 mg kg–1). At the same time, the soil properties and their relationship with the bacterial communities were analyzed. The results showed that Pb concentration was highest in the root reaching at 3159.92 ± 138.98 mg kg–1 under the high Pb treatment. Planting S. integra decreased the total Pb concentration by 84.61 and 29.24 mg kg–1, and increased the acid-soluble Pb proportion by 1.0 and 0.75% in the rhizosphere and bulk soil under the low Pb treatment compared with unplanted soil, respectively. However, it occurred only in the rhizosphere soil under the high Pb treatment. The bacterial community structure and microbial metabolism were related to Pb contamination levels and planting of S. integra, while the bacterial diversity was only affected by Pb contamination levels. The dominant microbial species were similar, but their relative abundance shifted in different treatments. Most of the specific bacterial assemblages whose relative abundances were promoted by root activity and/or Pb contamination were suitable for use in plant-microbial combination remediation, especially many genera coming from Proteobacteria. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed available nitrogen and pH having a significant effect on the bacteria relating to phytoremediation. The results indicated that indigenous bacteria have great potential in the application of combined S. integra-microbe remediation of lead-contaminated soil by adjusting soil properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoyu Su
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shaohua Du
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yufei Zhu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jinyu Yang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dazhuang Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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23
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Tang L, Hamid Y, Zehra A, Sahito ZA, He Z, Khan MB, Feng Y, Yang X. Mechanisms of water regime effects on uptake of cadmium and nitrate by two ecotypes of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) in contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125798. [PMID: 31927376 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Availability of cadmium (Cd) and nitrate and their transfer to green leafy vegetables is highly dependent on physical, chemical and biochemical conditions of the soil. The phenotypic characteristics, accumulation of hazardous materials and rhizosphere properties of two ecotypes of water spinach in response to water stress were investigated. Flooding significantly enhanced plant growth and decreased Cd and nitrate concentrations in the shoot and root of both ecotypes of water spinach. Flooding extensively changed the physicochemical properties and biological processes in the rhizosphere, including increased pH and activities of urease and acid phosphatase, and decreased availability of Cd and nitrate and activity of nitrate reductase. Furthermore, flooding increased rhizosphere bacteria community diversity (including richness and evenness) and changed their community structure. Denitrifying bacteria (Clostridiales, Azoarcus and Pseudomonas), toxic metal resistant microorganisms (Rhodosporillaceae, Rhizobiales and Geobacter) were enriched in the rhizosphere under flooding conditions, and the plant growth-promoting taxa (Sphingomonadaceae) were preferentially colonized in the high accumulator (HA) rhizosphere region. These results indicated that flooding treatments result in biochemical and microbiological changes in soil, especially in the rhizosphere and reduced the availability of Cd and nitrate to plants, thus decreasing their uptake by water spinach. It is, therefore, possible to promote crop growth and reduce the accumulation of hazardous materials in vegetable crops like water spinach by controlling soil moisture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Afsheen Zehra
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, Florida, 34945, United States
| | - Muhammad Bilal Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Ying Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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Wang T, Wang X, Tian W, Yao L, Li Y, Chen Z, Han H. Screening of Heavy Metal-Immobilizing Bacteria and Its Effect on Reducing Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ Concentrations in Water Spinach ( Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093122. [PMID: 32365834 PMCID: PMC7246948 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial immobilization is considered as a novel and environmentally friendly technology that uses microbes to reduce heavy metals accumulation in plants. To explore microbial resources which are useful in these applications, three water spinach rhizosphere soils polluted by different levels of heavy metals (heavy pollution (CQ), medium pollution (JZ), and relative clean (NF)) were collected. The community composition of heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria in rhizosphere soils and its effects on reducing the Cd2+ and Pb2+ concentrations in water spinach were evaluated. Four hundred strains were isolated from the CQ (belonging to 3 phyla and 14 genera), JZ (belonging to 4 phyla and 25 genera) and NF (belonged to 6 phyla and 34 genera) samples, respectively. In the CQ sample, 137 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+, giving Cd2+ and Pb2+ removal rates of greater than 80% in solution; Brevundimonas, Serratia, and Pseudoarthrobacter were the main genera. In total, 62 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the JZ sample and Bacillus and Serratia were the main genera. A total of 22 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the NF sample, and Bacillus was the main genus. Compared to the control, Enterobacter bugandensis CQ-7, Bacillus thuringensis CQ-33, and Klebsiella michiganensis CQ-169 significantly increased the dry weight (17.16-148%) of water spinach and reduced the contents of Cd2+ (59.78-72.41%) and Pb2+ (43.36-74.21%) in water spinach. Moreover, the soluble protein and Vc contents in the shoots of water spinach were also significantly increased (72.1-193%) in the presence of strains CQ-7, CQ-33 and CQ-169 compared to the control. In addition, the contents of Cd and Pb in the shoots of water spinach meet the standard for limit of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in vegetables in the presence of strains CQ-7, CQ-33 and CQ-169. Thus, the results provide strains as resources and a theoretical basis for the remediation of Cd- and Pb-contaminated farmlands for the safe production of vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiejun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
| | - Wei Tian
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China;
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
| | - Yadong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Zhaojin Chen
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (H.H.); Tel.: +86-377-63525027 (Z.C. & H.H.)
| | - Hui Han
- Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (T.W.); (X.W.); (L.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (H.H.); Tel.: +86-377-63525027 (Z.C. & H.H.)
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25
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Manoj SR, Karthik C, Kadirvelu K, Arulselvi PI, Shanmugasundaram T, Bruno B, Rajkumar M. Understanding the molecular mechanisms for the enhanced phytoremediation of heavy metals through plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 254:109779. [PMID: 31726280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization, modern agricultural practices and other anthropogenic activities add a significant quantity of toxic heavy metals into the environment, which induces severe toxic effects on all form of living organisms, alter the soil properties and its biological activity. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites has become an urgent necessity. Among the existing strategies, phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and much convincing tool for the remediation of heavy metals. However, the applicability of phytoremediation in contaminated sites is restricted by two prime factors such as i) slow growth rate at higher metal contaminated sites and ii) metal bioavailability. This circumstance could be minimized and accelerate the phytoremediation efficiency by incorporating the potential plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) as a combined approach. PGPR inoculation might improve the plant growth through the production of plant growth promoting substances and improve the heavy metal remediation efficiency by the secretion of chelating agents, acidification and redox changes. Moreover, rhizobacterial inoculation consolidates the metal tolerance and uptake by regulating the expression of various metal transporters, tolerant and metal chelator genes. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanism of PGPR mediated plant growth promotion and phytoremediation of heavy metals is poorly understood. Thus, the present review provides clear information about the molecular mechanisms excreted by PGPR strains in plant growth promotion and phytoremediation of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Ravi Manoj
- Plant and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chinnannan Karthik
- DRDO - BU - Centre for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Krishna Kadirvelu
- DRDO - BU - Centre for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Padikasan Indra Arulselvi
- Plant and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangavel Shanmugasundaram
- DRDO - BU - Centre for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Benedict Bruno
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mani Rajkumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Centre for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Centre for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
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27
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Madigan AP, Egidi E, Bedon F, Franks AE, Plummer KM. Bacterial and Fungal Communities Are Differentially Modified by Melatonin in Agricultural Soils Under Abiotic Stress. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2616. [PMID: 31849848 PMCID: PMC6901394 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An extensive body of evidence from the last decade has indicated that melatonin enhances plant resistance to a range of biotic and abiotic stressors. This has led to an interest in the application of melatonin in agriculture to reduce negative physiological effects from environmental stresses that affect yield and crop quality. However, there are no reports regarding the effects of melatonin on soil microbial communities under abiotic stress, despite the importance of microbes for plant root health and function. Three agricultural soils associated with different land usage histories (pasture, canola or wheat) were placed under abiotic stress by cadmium (100 or 280 mg kg-1 soil) or salt (4 or 7 g kg-1 soil) and treated with melatonin (0.2 and 4 mg kg-1 soil). Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA) was used to generate Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU) for microbial community analysis in each soil. Significant differences in richness (α diversity) and community structures (β diversity) were observed between bacterial and fungal assemblages across all three soils, demonstrating the effect of melatonin on soil microbial communities under abiotic stress. The analysis also indicated that the microbial response to melatonin is governed by the type of soil and history. The effects of melatonin on soil microbes need to be regarded in potential future agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. Madigan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eleonora Egidi
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia
| | - Frank Bedon
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley E. Franks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Future Landscapes, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kim M. Plummer
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Krohn C, Jin J, Ryan J, Fabijański P, Franks AE, Tang C. Composition of soil organic matter drives total loss of dieldrin and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane in high-value pastures over thirty years. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:135-145. [PMID: 31319251 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The residues of dieldrin and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), internationally-banned agricultural insecticides, continue to exceed government guidelines in some surface soils 30 years after use. Little is known regarding the soil factors and microbial community dynamics associated with the in-situ biodegradation of these organochlorine chemicals. We hypothesised that soil organic matter, a key factor affecting microbial biomass and diversity, affects the biodegradation and total loss of the pollutants 30 years after use. We sampled 12 contaminated paddocks with residue concentrations monitoring data since 1988 that represent two different agricultural surface-soils. The total loss and current concentrations of the residues was correlated with soil physicochemical properties, microbial biomass carbon, microbial community diversity indices and microbial community abundance. Current dieldrin and DDT residue concentrations were positively correlated with soil organic matter and clay contents. However, key indicators for loss of residues after 23-30 years were low carbon-to‑nitrogen ratios, high microbial-C-to-total-C ratios and high fungal community evenness. The results support the composition of soil organic matter as an important factor affecting degradation of organochlorines and that co-metabolism of dieldrin and DDT could be enhanced by manipulating the composition of soil organic matter to cater for a broad diversity of microbial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Krohn
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia.
| | - John Ryan
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Wangaratta, Vic 3677, Australia
| | - Piotr Fabijański
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Ellinbank, Vic 3821, Australia
| | - Ashley E Franks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia; Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia
| | - Caixian Tang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia.
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Hur M, Park SJ. Identification of Microbial Profiles in Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soil from Full-Length 16S rRNA Reads Sequenced by a PacBio System. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7090357. [PMID: 31527468 PMCID: PMC6780547 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental problem as it adversely affects crop production and human activity. In addition, the microbial community structure and composition are altered in heavy-metal-contaminated soils. In this study, using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained by a PacBio RS II system, we determined the microbial diversity and community structure in heavy-metal-contaminated soil. Furthermore, we investigated the microbial distribution, inferred their putative functional traits, and analyzed the environmental effects on the microbial compositions. The soil samples selected in this study were heavily and continuously contaminated with various heavy metals due to closed mines. We found that certain microorganisms (e.g., sulfur or iron oxidizers) play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle. Using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) analysis, we predicted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional categories from abundances of microbial communities and revealed a high proportion belonging to transport, energy metabolism, and xenobiotic degradation in the studied sites. In addition, through full-length analysis, Conexibacter-like sequences, commonly identified by environmental metagenomics among the rare biosphere, were detected. In addition to microbial composition, we confirmed that environmental factors, including heavy metals, affect the microbial communities. Unexpectedly, among these environmental parameters, electrical conductivity (EC) might have more importance than other factors in a community description analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonsuk Hur
- Microorganism Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Incheon 22689, Korea.
| | - Soo-Je Park
- Department of Biology, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju 63243, Korea.
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Colin Y, Goberna M, Verdú M, Navarro-Cano JA. Successional trajectories of soil bacterial communities in mine tailings: The role of plant functional traits. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 241:284-292. [PMID: 31009816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant species identity is assumed to be a major driver of belowground microbial diversity and composition. However, diagnosing which plant functional traits are responsible for shaping microbial communities remains elusive. Primary succession on barren metalliferous mining substrates was selected as the framework to study above-belowground interactions, and plant functional traits that lead the successional trajectories of soil bacterial communities were identified. The impact of the plant functional group (i.e. trees, shrubs, dwarf shrubs, perennial grasses), a trait integrating the life span and morphological structure, on the bacterial primary succession was monitored. Bacterial diversity and composition was estimated along plant size gradients including over 90 scattered patches ranging from seedlings to mature multispecific patches. Soil bacterial diversity was affected by heavy metals levels and increased towards higher resource availability underneath mature patches, with stress-tolerant heterotrophs and phototrophs being replaced by competitive heterotrophs. The plant functional group modulated these general patterns and shrubs had the greatest impact belowground by inducing the largest increase in soil fertility. Functional traits related to leaf decomposability and root architecture further determined the composition and structure of bacterial communities. These results underline the importance of plant functional traits in the assembly of soil bacterial communities, and can help guiding restoration of degraded lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Colin
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UVEG-GV), Carretera Moncada ‒ Náquera, km 4.5, Moncada, Valencia, 46113, Spain.
| | - Marta Goberna
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UVEG-GV), Carretera Moncada ‒ Náquera, km 4.5, Moncada, Valencia, 46113, Spain; Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, km 7.5, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Verdú
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UVEG-GV), Carretera Moncada ‒ Náquera, km 4.5, Moncada, Valencia, 46113, Spain
| | - Jose A Navarro-Cano
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UVEG-GV), Carretera Moncada ‒ Náquera, km 4.5, Moncada, Valencia, 46113, Spain
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An F, Li H, Diao Z, Lv J. The soil bacterial community in cropland is vulnerable to Cd contamination in winter rather than in summer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:114-125. [PMID: 30382516 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic metal contamination exerts a significant impact on soil microbes, thus deteriorating soil quality. The seasonality also has effects in shaping soil microbial community. The soil microbial community is a crucial factor representing soil health. However, whether the influence of potentially toxic metals on the microbial community differs in different seasons are still unknown. In this study, we established nine mesocosms of three cadmium treatments to investigate the impact of Cd amendments on the bacterial community of croplands in winter and summer. High bacterial diversity was revealed from the soil samples with 31 phyla. In winter, the abundance of dominant phylum Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, and Verrucomicrobia increased, but Firmicutes decreased in Cd-contaminated soil in winter. Meanwhile, the abundance of Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi showed Cd dose-dependent pattern in winter. In summer, the phylum Gemmatimonadetes and Verrucomicrobia decreased along with Cd dosing, while the dose-effect of Cd was found on the abundance of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi. At the genus level, 55 genera of bacteria were significantly affected by Cd stress in winter, 24 genera decreased, 11 genera increased along with Cd gradients, and 20 genera changed depending on Cd dosage. In particular, genera Lactococcus, Psychrobacter, Brochothrix, Enhydrobacter, and Carnobacterium disappeared in Cd treatments, suggesting high sensitivity to Cd stress in winter. In summer, one genus decreased, seven genera increased with Cd dosing, and three genera were dose-dependent. The contrasting effects of Cd on soil bacterial community could be due to different edaphic factors in winter (moisture, available phosphorus, and total Cd) and summer (available Cd). Collectively, the winter-induced multiple stressors increase the impact of Cd on bacterial community in cropland. In further studies, the seasonal factor should be taken into consideration during the sampling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqiu An
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Haihong Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Zhan Diao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Law School & Intellectual Property School, JiNan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jialong Lv
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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32
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Chen Y, Ding Q, Chao Y, Wei X, Wang S, Qiu R. Structural development and assembly patterns of the root-associated microbiomes during phytoremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:1591-1601. [PMID: 30743871 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Successful in situ phytoremediation depends on beneficial interactions between roots and microbes. However, the assembly strategies of root-associated microbiome during phytoremediation are not well known. Here we investigated the assembly patterns of root-associated microbiomes during phytoremediation as well as its regulation by both plants and heavy metals. Plant cultivation and soil amendment increased microbial diversity and restructured microbial communities. Rhizo-compartmentalization was the largest source of variation in root-associated microbiomes, with endosphere being the most independent and exclusive compartment. Soil type explained a larger amount of microbiomes variation in bulk soil and rhizosphere than that in endosphere. A specific core root microbiome was likely to be selected by the metal-tolerant plant H. cannabinus, with Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and Comamonadaceae which contain a large number of metal-tolerant and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) being the most abundant families. The root-associated microbial community tended to proceed a niche-assembled patterns and formed a smaller bacterial pool dominant by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi under metal-contaminated conditions. Among these genera, potential metal-tolerant PGPB species have taken up the keystone positions in the microbial co-occurrence networks, revealing their key roles in metal-contaminated environment due to niche selection. We also detected a keystone functional group reducing metal bioavailability which might work as vanguards and devote to maintaining the structure and function of the whole microbial community. In conclusion, this study suggested a specific assembly pattern of root-associated microbiomes of the metal-tolerant plant H. cannabinus during phytoremediation, showing the directional selections of the associated microbiomes by both the plant and metal-contaminated conditions in such a system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiaobei Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuanqing Chao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong 510275, China.
| | - Xiange Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong 510275, China
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Hou D, Wang R, Gao X, Wang K, Lin Z, Ge J, Liu T, Wei S, Chen W, Xie R, Yang X, Lu L, Tian S. Cultivar-specific response of bacterial community to cadmium contamination in the rhizosphere of rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:63-73. [PMID: 29800928 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium accumulation in rice grains is highly dependent on its bioavailability that affected by various physicochemical properties and microbiological processes of soil. The rhizospheric bacterial communities of rice grown in contaminated soils by means of rice cultivars highly or weakly accumulating Cd in grains (HA and LA, respectively) were investigated. HA roots absorbed 7.26- and 2.25-fold more Cd than did LA roots at low (0.44 mg kg-1) and high (6.66 mg kg-1) soil Cd levels, respectively. Regardless of Cd levels, Cd bioavailability in the rhizosphere of HA was significantly higher than that of LA. Planting of rice and elevated Cd levels both significantly decreased bacterial α-diversity and altered bacterial community structure, with noticeable differences between the rice cultivars. Taxa specifically enriched in the HA rhizosphere (phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Deltaproteobacteria) can directly or indirectly participate in metal activation, whereas the LA rhizosphere was highly colonized by plant growth-promoting taxa (phyla Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria). The results indicate a potential association of Cd uptake and accumulation with rhizosphere bacteria in rice grown on a contaminated soil, thus providing baseline data and a new perspective on the maintenance of rice security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandi Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Runze Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Ge
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuai Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weikang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruohan Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lingli Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shengke Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Borymski S, Cycoń M, Beckmann M, Mur LAJ, Piotrowska-Seget Z. Plant Species and Heavy Metals Affect Biodiversity of Microbial Communities Associated With Metal-Tolerant Plants in Metalliferous Soils. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1425. [PMID: 30061867 PMCID: PMC6054959 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We here assess the biodiversity of the rhizosphere microbial communities of metal-tolerant plant species Arabidopsis arenosa, Arabidopsis halleri, Deschampsia caespitosa, and Silene vulgaris when growing on various heavy metal polluted sites. Our broad-spectrum analyses included counts for total and metal-tolerant culturable bacteria, assessments of microbial community structure by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiling and community-level analysis based on BIOLOG-CLPP to indicate functional diversity. The genetic-biochemical diversity was also measured by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and metabolomic analysis (HPLC-MS). Different rhizospheres showed distinctive profiles of microbial traits, which also differed significantly from bulk soil, indicating an influence from sampling site as well as plant species. However, total bacterial counts and PCR-DGGE profiles were most affected by the plants, whereas sampling site-connected variability was predominant for the PLFA profiles and an interaction of both factors for BIOLOG-CLPP. Correlations were also observed between pH, total and bioavailable Cd or Zn and measured microbial traits. Thus, both plant species and heavy-metals were shown to be major determinants of microbial community structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Borymski
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mariusz Cycoń
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Manfred Beckmann
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Luis A J Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Zofia Piotrowska-Seget
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Cadmium Exposure-Sedum alfredii Planting Interactions Shape the Bacterial Community in the Hyperaccumulator Plant Rhizosphere. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.02797-17. [PMID: 29654182 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02797-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizospheric bacteria play important roles in plant tolerance and activation of heavy metals. Understanding the bacterial rhizobiome of hyperaccumulators may contribute to the development of optimized phytoextraction for metal-polluted soils. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to investigate the rhizospheric bacterial communities of the cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) Sedum alfredii in comparison to its nonhyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE). Both planting of two ecotypes of S. alfredii and elevated Cd levels significantly decreased bacterial alpha-diversity and altered bacterial community structure in soils. The HE rhizosphere harbored a unique bacterial community differing from those in its bulk soil and NHE counterparts. Several key taxa from Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and TM7 were especially abundant in HE rhizospheres under high Cd stress. The actinobacterial genus Streptomyces was responsible for the majority of the divergence of bacterial community composition between the HE rhizosphere and other soil samples. In the HE rhizosphere, the abundance of Streptomyces was 3.31- to 16.45-fold higher than that in other samples under high Cd stress. These results suggested that both the presence of the hyperaccumulator S. alfredii and Cd exposure select for a specialized rhizosphere bacterial community during phytoextraction of Cd-contaminated soils and that key taxa, such as the species affiliated with the genus Streptomyces, may play an important role in metal hyperaccumulation.IMPORTANCESedum alfredii is a well-known Cd hyperaccumulator native to China. Its potential for extracting Cd relies not only on its powerful uptake, translocation, and tolerance for Cd but also on processes underground (especially rhizosphere microbes) that facilitate root uptake and tolerance of the metal. In this study, a high-throughput sequencing approach was applied to gain insight into the soil-plant-microbe interactions that may influence Cd accumulation in the hyperaccumulator S. alfredii Here, we report the investigation of rhizosphere bacterial communities of S. alfredii in phytoremediation of different levels of Cd contamination in soils. Moreover, some key taxa in its rhizosphere identified in the study, such as the species affiliated with genus Streptomyces, may shed new light on the involvement of bacteria in phytoextraction of contaminated soils and provide new materials for phytoremediation optimization.
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Wood JL, Tang C, Franks AE. Competitive Traits Are More Important than Stress-Tolerance Traits in a Cadmium-Contaminated Rhizosphere: A Role for Trait Theory in Microbial Ecology. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:121. [PMID: 29483898 PMCID: PMC5816036 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how biotic and abiotic factors govern the assembly of rhizosphere-microbial communities is a long-standing goal in microbial ecology. In phytoremediation research, where plants are used to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils, a deeper understanding of rhizosphere-microbial ecology is needed to fully exploit the potential of microbial-assisted phytoremediation. This study investigated whether Grime's competitor/stress-tolerator/ruderal (CSR) theory could be used to describe the impact of cadmium (Cd) and the presence of a Cd-accumulating plant, Carpobrotus rossii (Haw.) Schwantes, on the assembly of soil-bacterial communities using Illumina 16S rRNA profiling and the predictive metagenomic-profiling program, PICRUSt. Using predictions based on CSR theory, we hypothesized that Cd and the presence of a rhizosphere would affect community assembly. We predicted that the additional resource availability in the rhizosphere would enrich for competitive life strategists, while the presence of Cd would select for stress-tolerators. Traits identified as competitive followed CSR predictions, discriminating between rhizosphere and bulk-soil communities whilst stress-tolerance traits increased with Cd dose, but only in bulk-soil communities. These findings suggest that a bacterium's competitive attributes are critical to its ability to occupy and proliferate in a Cd-contaminated rhizosphere. Ruderal traits, which relate to community re-colonization potential, were synergistically decreased by the presence of the rhizosphere and Cd dose. Taken together this microcosm study suggests that the CSR theory is broadly applicable to microbial communities. Further work toward developing a simplified and robust strategy for microbial CSR classification will provide an ecologically meaningful framework to interpret community-level changes across a range of biomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Wood
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Caixian Tang
- Center for AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley E. Franks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Pacwa-Płociniczak M, Płociniczak T, Yu D, Kurola JM, Sinkkonen A, Piotrowska-Seget Z, Romantschuk M. Effect of Silene vulgaris and Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil Microbial Diversity in Long-Term Contaminated Soil. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2018; 229:13. [PMID: 29367788 PMCID: PMC5754377 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-017-3655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analysed the impact of heavy metals and plant rhizodeposition on the structure of indigenous microbial communities in rhizosphere and bulk soil that had been exposed to heavy metals for more than 150 years. Samples of the rhizosphere of Silene vulgaris and non-rhizosphere soils 250 and 450 m from the source of emission that had different metal concentrations were collected for analyses. The results showed that soils were collected 250 m from the smelter had a higher number of Cd-resistant CFU compared with the samples that were collected from 450 m, but no significant differences were observed in the number of total and oligotrophic CFU or the equivalent cell numbers between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils that were taken 250 and 450 m from the emitter. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis of the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles, as well as a cluster analysis that was generated on the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles, showed that the bacterial community structure of rhizosphere soils depended more on the plant than on the distance and metal concentrations. The sequencing of the 16S rDNA fragments that were excised from the DGGE gel revealed representatives of the phyla Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the analysed soil with a predominance of the first three groups. The obtained results demonstrated that the presence of S. vulgaris did not affect the number of CFUs, except for those of Cd-resistant bacteria. However, the presence of S. vulgaris altered the soil bacterial community structure, regardless of the sampling site, which supported the thesis that plants have a higher impact on soil microbial community than metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomasz Płociniczak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland
| | - Jukka M. Kurola
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland
| | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Zofia Piotrowska-Seget
- Department of Microbiology, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Martin Romantschuk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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