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Rumpel N, Riechert G, Schumann J. miRNA-Mediated Fine Regulation of TLR-Induced M1 Polarization. Cells 2024; 13:701. [PMID: 38667316 PMCID: PMC11049089 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization to the M1 spectrum is induced by bacterial cell wall components through stimulation of Toll-like family (TLR) receptors. By orchestrating the expression of relevant mediators of the TLR cascade, as well as associated pathways and feedback loops, macrophage polarization is coordinated to ensure an appropriate immune response. This is central to the successful control of pathogens and the maintenance of health. Macrophage polarization is known to be modulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In recent years, the miRNA-based post-transcriptional regulation of M1 polarization has received increasing attention from the scientific community. Comparative studies have shown that TLR stimulation alters the miRNA profile of macrophages and that macrophages from the M1 or the M2 spectrum differ in terms of miRNAs expressed. Simultaneously, miRNAs are considered critical post-transcriptional regulators of macrophage polarization. In particular, miRNAs are thought to play a regulatory role in the switch between the early proinflammatory response and the resolution phase. In this review, we will discuss the current state of knowledge on the complex interaction of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that ultimately determine the functionality of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julia Schumann
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care, University Medicine Halle (Saale), Franzosenweg 1a, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
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2
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Arribas AJ, Napoli S, Cascione L, Barnabei L, Sartori G, Cannas E, Gaudio E, Tarantelli C, Mensah AA, Spriano F, Zucchetto A, Rossi FM, Rinaldi A, Castro de Moura M, Jovic S, Bordone Pittau R, Stathis A, Stussi G, Gattei V, Brown JR, Esteller M, Zucca E, Rossi D, Bertoni F. ERBB4-Mediated Signaling Is a Mediator of Resistance to PI3K and BTK Inhibitors in B-cell Lymphoid Neoplasms. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:368-380. [PMID: 38052765 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BTK and PI3K inhibitors are among the drugs approved for the treatment of patients with lymphoid neoplasms. Although active, their ability to lead to long-lasting complete remission is rather limited, especially in the lymphoma setting. This indicates that tumor cells often develop resistance to the drugs. We started from a marginal zone lymphoma cell line, Karpas-1718, kept under prolonged exposure to the PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib until acquisition of resistance, or with no drug. Cells underwent transcriptome, miRNA and methylation profiling, whole-exome sequencing, and pharmacologic screening, which led to the identification of the overexpression of ERBB4 and its ligands HBEGF and NRG2 in the resistant cells. Cellular and genetic experiments demonstrated the involvement of this axis in blocking the antitumor activity of various BTK/PI3K inhibitors, currently used in the clinical setting. Addition of recombinant HBEGF induced resistance to BTK/PI3K inhibitors in parental cells and in additional lymphoma models. Combination with the ERBB inhibitor lapatinib was beneficial in resistant cells and in other lymphoma models already expressing the identified resistance factors. An epigenetic reprogramming sustained the expression of the resistance-related factors, and pretreatment with demethylating agents or EZH2 inhibitors overcame the resistance. Resistance factors were also shown to be expressed in clinical specimens. In conclusion, we showed that the overexpression of ERBB4 and its ligands represents a novel mechanism of resistance for lymphoma cells to bypass the antitumor activity of BTK and PI3K inhibitors and that targeted pharmacologic interventions can restore sensitivity to the small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J Arribas
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sara Napoli
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Barnabei
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Sartori
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Eleonora Cannas
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Tarantelli
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Afua A Mensah
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Spriano
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Castro de Moura
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sandra Jovic
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - Anastasios Stathis
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Georg Stussi
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Valter Gattei
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano - CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Jennifer R Brown
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Davide Rossi
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Chandraprabha Vineetha R, Anitha Geetha Raj J, Devipriya P, Sreelatha Mahitha M, Hariharan S. MicroRNA-based therapies: Revolutionizing the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Int J Lab Hematol 2024; 46:33-41. [PMID: 38105344 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding epigenetic regulators that exert critical significance by influencing target mRNAs and governing gene expression patterns and cellular signaling pathways. miRNAs play a pivotal role in a wide array of biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival. Numerous miRNAs contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer progression by promoting tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and immune evasion, while others exert tumor suppressive effects. From a clinical perspective, it has been demonstrated that numerous miRNAs are related to the prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. They hold the potential to be utilized as biomarkers, aiding in improved treatment decision-making. Moreover, a number of preclinical investigations have offered compelling evidence to create novel treatment approaches that target miRNAs in AML. This review highlights the clinical significance of miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response of adult patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Anitha Geetha Raj
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Padmakumar Devipriya
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Mohanan Sreelatha Mahitha
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sreedharan Hariharan
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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4
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Jimbu L, Mesaros O, Joldes C, Neaga A, Zaharie L, Zdrenghea M. MicroRNAs Associated with a Bad Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Impact on Macrophage Polarization. Biomedicines 2024; 12:121. [PMID: 38255226 PMCID: PMC10813737 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) associated with gene expression regulation. Since the discovery of the first miRNA in 1993, thousands of miRNAs have been studied and they have been associated not only with physiological processes, but also with various diseases such as cancer and inflammatory conditions. MiRNAs have proven to be not only significant biomarkers but also an interesting therapeutic target in various diseases, including cancer. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), miRNAs have been regarded as a welcome addition to the limited therapeutic armamentarium, and there is a vast amount of data on miRNAs and their dysregulation. Macrophages are innate immune cells, present in various tissues involved in both tissue repair and phagocytosis. Based on their polarization, macrophages can be classified into two groups: M1 macrophages with pro-inflammatory functions and M2 macrophages with an anti-inflammatory action. In cancer, M2 macrophages are associated with tumor evasion, metastasis, and a poor outcome. Several miRNAs have been associated with a poor prognosis in AML and with either the M1 or M2 macrophage phenotype. In the present paper, we review miRNAs with a reported negative prognostic significance in cancer with a focus on AML and analyze their potential impact on macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jimbu
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.M.); (C.J.); (A.N.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Mesaros
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.M.); (C.J.); (A.N.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Joldes
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.M.); (C.J.); (A.N.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Alexandra Neaga
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.M.); (C.J.); (A.N.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Laura Zaharie
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.M.); (C.J.); (A.N.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihnea Zdrenghea
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.M.); (C.J.); (A.N.); (L.Z.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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5
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Vianello E, Persson J, Andersson B, van Veen S, Dias TL, Santoro F, Östensson M, Obudulu O, Agbajogu C, Torkzadeh S, Nakaya HI, Medaglini D, Siegrist CA, Ottenhoff TH, Harandi AM. Global blood miRNA profiling unravels early signatures of immunogenicity of Ebola vaccine rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP. iScience 2023; 26:108574. [PMID: 38162033 PMCID: PMC10755791 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The vectored Ebola vaccine rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP elicits protection against Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). In a study of forty-eight healthy adult volunteers who received either the rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine or placebo, we profiled intracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) from whole blood cells (WB) and circulating miRNAs from serum-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) at baseline and longitudinally following vaccination. Further, we identified early miRNA signatures associated with ZEBOV-specific IgG antibody responses at baseline and up to one year post-vaccination, and pinpointed target mRNA transcripts and pathways correlated to miRNAs whose expression was altered after vaccination by using systems biology approaches. Several miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) and miRNA signatures predicted high or low IgG ZEBOV-specific antibody levels with high classification performance. The top miRNA discriminators were WB-miR-6810, EV-miR-7151-3p, and EV-miR-4426. An eight-miRNA antibody predictive signature was associated with immune-related target mRNAs and pathways. These findings provide valuable insights into early blood biomarkers associated with rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine-induced IgG antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Vianello
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Josefine Persson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Andersson
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Suzanne van Veen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Malin Östensson
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ogonna Obudulu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Agbajogu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara Torkzadeh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Donata Medaglini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Claire-Anne Siegrist
- Centre for Vaccinology, University Hospitals of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tom H.M. Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ali M. Harandi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Pérez-Stuardo D, Frazão M, Ibaceta V, Brianson B, Sánchez E, Rivas-Pardo JA, Vallejos-Vidal E, Reyes-López FE, Toro-Ascuy D, Vidal EA, Reyes-Cerpa S. KLF17 is an important regulatory component of the transcriptomic response of Atlantic salmon macrophages to Piscirickettsia salmonis infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1264599. [PMID: 38162669 PMCID: PMC10755876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1264599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Piscirickettsia salmonis is the most important health problem facing Chilean Aquaculture. Previous reports suggest that P. salmonis can survive in salmonid macrophages by interfering with the host immune response. However, the relevant aspects of the molecular pathogenesis of P. salmonis have been poorly characterized. In this work, we evaluated the transcriptomic changes in macrophage-like cell line SHK-1 infected with P. salmonis at 24- and 48-hours post-infection (hpi) and generated network models of the macrophage response to the infection using co-expression analysis and regulatory transcription factor-target gene information. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 635 genes were differentially expressed after 24- and/or 48-hpi. The pattern of expression of these genes was analyzed by weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), which classified genes into 4 modules of expression, comprising early responses to the bacterium. Induced genes included genes involved in metabolism and cell differentiation, intracellular transportation, and cytoskeleton reorganization, while repressed genes included genes involved in extracellular matrix organization and RNA metabolism. To understand how these expression changes are orchestrated and to pinpoint relevant transcription factors (TFs) controlling the response, we established a curated database of TF-target gene regulatory interactions in Salmo salar, SalSaDB. Using this resource, together with co-expression module data, we generated infection context-specific networks that were analyzed to determine highly connected TF nodes. We found that the most connected TF of the 24- and 48-hpi response networks is KLF17, an ortholog of the KLF4 TF involved in the polarization of macrophages to an M2-phenotype in mammals. Interestingly, while KLF17 is induced by P. salmonis infection, other TFs, such as NOTCH3 and NFATC1, whose orthologs in mammals are related to M1-like macrophages, are repressed. In sum, our results suggest the induction of early regulatory events associated with an M2-like phenotype of macrophages that drives effectors related to the lysosome, RNA metabolism, cytoskeleton organization, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Moreover, the M1-like response seems delayed in generating an effective response, suggesting a polarization towards M2-like macrophages that allows the survival of P. salmonis. This work also contributes to SalSaDB, a curated database of TF-target gene interactions that is freely available for the Atlantic salmon community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Pérez-Stuardo
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Genómica Integrativa, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mateus Frazão
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Ibaceta
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bernardo Brianson
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Evelyn Sánchez
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Genómica Integrativa, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - J. Andrés Rivas-Pardo
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eva Vallejos-Vidal
- Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad De Las Américas, La Florida, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe E. Reyes-López
- Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Toro-Ascuy
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elena A. Vidal
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Reyes-Cerpa
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Wang J, Tian F, Cao L, Du R, Tong J, Ding X, Yuan Y, Wang C. Macrophage polarization in spinal cord injury repair and the possible role of microRNAs: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22914. [PMID: 38125535 PMCID: PMC10731087 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) have always posed significant medical challenges. After mechanical injury, disturbances in microcirculation, edema formation, and the generation of free radicals lead to additional damage, impeding effective repair processes and potentially exacerbating further dysfunction. In this context, inflammatory responses, especially the activation of macrophages, play a pivotal role. Different phenotypes of macrophages have distinct effects on inflammation. Activation of classical macrophage cells (M1) promotes inflammation, while activation of alternative macrophage cells (M2) inhibits inflammation. The polarization of macrophages is crucial for disease healing. A non-coding RNA, known as microRNA (miRNA), governs the polarization of macrophages, thereby reducing inflammation following SCI and facilitating functional recovery. This study elucidates the inflammatory response to SCI, focusing on the infiltration of immune cells, specifically macrophages. It examines their phenotype and provides an explanation of their polarization mechanisms. Finally, this paper introduces several well-known miRNAs that contribute to macrophage polarization following SCI, including miR-155, miR-130a, and miR-27 for M1 polarization, as well as miR-22, miR-146a, miR-21, miR-124, miR-223, miR-93, miR-132, and miR-34a for M2 polarization. The emphasis is placed on their potential therapeutic role in SCI by modulating macrophage polarization, as well as the present developments and obstacles of miRNA clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Tian
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Lili Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruochen Du
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiahui Tong
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Xueting Ding
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Yitong Yuan
- Experimental Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Taiyuan, China
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8
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He S, Deng H, Li P, Hu J, Yang Y, Xu Z, Liu S, Guo W, Guo Q. Arthritic Microenvironment-Dictated Fate Decisions for Stem Cells in Cartilage Repair. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207715. [PMID: 37518822 PMCID: PMC10520688 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment and stem cell fate guidance of post-traumatic articular cartilage regeneration is primarily the focus of cartilage tissue engineering. In articular cartilage, stem cells are characterized by overlapping lineages and uneven effectiveness. Within the first 12 weeks after trauma, the articular inflammatory microenvironment (AIME) plays a decisive role in determining the fate of stem cells and cartilage. The development of fibrocartilage and osteophyte hyperplasia is an adverse outcome of chronic inflammation, which results from an imbalance in the AIME during the cartilage tissue repair process. In this review, the sources for the different types of stem cells and their fate are summarized. The main pathophysiological events that occur within the AIME as well as their protagonists are also discussed. Additionally, regulatory strategies that may guide the fate of stem cells within the AIME are proposed. Finally, strategies that provide insight into AIME pathophysiology are discussed and the design of new materials that match the post-traumatic progress of AIME pathophysiology in a spatial and temporal manner is guided. Thus, by regulating an appropriately modified inflammatory microenvironment, efficient stem cell-mediated tissue repair may be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin He
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
- Institute of Orthopedicsthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLABeijing100853China
| | - Haotian Deng
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
- Institute of Orthopedicsthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLABeijing100853China
| | - Peiqi Li
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
- Institute of Orthopedicsthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLABeijing100853China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Department of GastroenterologyInstitute of GeriatricsChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
| | - Yongkang Yang
- Institute of Orthopedicsthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLABeijing100853China
| | - Ziheng Xu
- Institute of Orthopedicsthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLABeijing100853China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
- Institute of Orthopedicsthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLABeijing100853China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and TraumatologyFirst Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510080China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
- Institute of Orthopedicsthe First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLABeijing100853China
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9
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Wu Y, Qu F, Zhang Y, Song Y, Zhong Q, Huang Y, Wang Y, Cao X, Fan Z, Xu C. Exosomes from Cyclic Stretched Periodontal Ligament Cells Induced Periodontal Inflammation through miR-9-5p/SIRT1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:2001-2015. [PMID: 37154707 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Abundant evidence demonstrates that mechanical stress could induce an inflammatory response in periodontal tissue, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. In the past few years, periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), as the most force-sensitive cells, have been investigated in depth as local immune cells, associated with activation of inflammasomes and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in response to mechanical stimuli. However, this study innovatively inspected the effect of PDLCs on the other immune cells after stretch loading to reveal the detailed mechanism by which mechanical stimuli initiate immunoreaction in periodontium. In the present study, we found that cyclic stretch could stimulate human PDLCs to secret exosomes and that these exosomes could further induce the increase of phagocytic cells in the periodontium in Sprague-Dawley rats and the M1 polarization of the cultured macrophages (including the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and the bone marrow-derived macrophages from C57BL/6 mice). Furthermore, the exosomal miR-9-5p was detected to be overexpressed after mechanical stimuli in both in vivo and in vitro experiments and could trigger M1 polarization via the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway in the cultured macrophages. In summary, this study revealed that PDLCs could transmit the mechanobiological signals to immune cells by releasing exosomes and simultaneously enhance periodontal inflammation through the miR-9-5p/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. We hope that our research can improve understanding of force-related periodontal inflammatory diseases and lead to new targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Qu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingshuang Song
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximeng Cao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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10
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Ling Q, Fang J, Zhai C, Huang W, Chen Y, Zhou T, Liu Y, Fang X. Berberine induces SOCS1 pathway to reprogram the M1 polarization of macrophages via miR-155-5p in colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175724. [PMID: 37059377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is approved for the treatment of intestinal infections and diarrhea and has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects in pathological intestinal tissues. However, it is unclear whether the anti-inflammatory effect of berberine contributes to its anti-tumor effect on colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). In this study, we found that berberine effectively inhibited tumorigenesis and protected against colon shortening in CAC mouse model. Immunohistochemistry results showed a reduction in the number of macrophage infiltrations in the colon following berberine treatment. Further analysis revealed that most of the infiltrated macrophages were pro-inflammatory M1 type, which berberine effectively limited. However, in another CRC model without chronic colitis, berberine had no significant effect on tumor number or colon length. In vitro studies demonstrated that berberine treatment significantly reduced the percentage of M1 type and levels of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Additionally, miR-155-5p level was down-regulated, and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) expression was up-regulated in berberine-treated cells. Notably, the miR-155-5p inhibitor attenuated the regulatory effects of berberine on SOCS1 signaling and macrophage polarization. Altogether, our findings suggest that the inhibitory effect of berberine on CAC development is dependent on its anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, miR-155-5p may be involved in the pathogenesis of CAC by regulating M1 macrophage polarization, and berberine could be a promising protective agent against miR-155-5p-mediated CAC. This study provides new insights into pharmacologic mechanisms of berberine and supports the possibility that other anti-miR-155-5p drugs may be beneficial in the treatment of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jing Fang
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chi Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Wan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yunxin Liu
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Xianjun Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China.
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11
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Yang Z, Li T, Wang C, Meng M, Tan S, Chen L. Dihydromyricetin Inhibits M1 Macrophage Polarization in Atherosclerosis by Modulating miR-9-Mediated SIRT1/NF- κB Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:2547588. [PMID: 37234960 PMCID: PMC10208763 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2547588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DMY), a natural flavonoid compound extracted from the stems and leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata, has been found as a potential therapeutic chemical for treating atherosclerosis. This study explores the underlying mechanism of DMY repressing M1 macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis. We showed that DMY treatment markedly decreased M1 macrophage markers (e.g., Tnf-α and IL-1β) and p65-positive macrophage numbers in the vessel wall of Apoe-deficient (Apoe-/-) mice. Overexpression of miR-9 or knockdown of SIRT1 in macrophages reversed the effect of DMY on M1 macrophage polarization. The data we presented in the study indicate that the miR-9-mediated SIRT1/NF-κB pathway plays a pivotal role in M1 macrophage polarization and is one of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-atherosclerosis effects of DMY. We provide new solid evidence that DMY may be explored as a potential therapeutic adjuvant for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhousheng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China 410011
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China 410011
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China 410011
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China 410011
| | - Mingyu Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shenglan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China 410011
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China 410011
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China 410011
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China 410011
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12
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Wang J, Ma Y, Wang J. miR-27a-5p inhibits acute rejection of liver transplantation in rats by inducing M2 polarization of Kupffer cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Cytokine 2023; 165:156085. [PMID: 37003239 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT), a major therapy for end-stage liver disease, is often associated with acute rejection (AR). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in AR-related gene regulation. In this experiment, the mechanism of miR-27a-5p in AR of LT was studied. Allotransplantation model (LEW-BN) and syngeneic transplantation model (LEW-LEW) of rat orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were established. miR-27a-5p was overexpressed in recipient rats 28 days before LT to detect its effects on LT pathology, liver function, and survival time. Kupffer cells (KCs) were isolated and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and miR-27a-5p overexpression. miR-27a-5p overexpression reduced lymphocyte numbers around portal areas and central veins after LT and mitigated degeneration of epithelial cells of the bile duct. Expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were increased while IL-12 was decreased. Liver function damage was alleviated and the survival time of rats with LT was prolonged. miR-27a-5p induced M2 polarization of rats with AR after LT and LPS-treated KCs in vitro and promoted activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in KCs. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway averted induction of miR-27a-5p on M2 polarization of KCs. Taken together, miR-27a-5p inhibited AR after LT in rats by inducing M2 polarization of KCs through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- School of Physical Education Shanxi University, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, No. 31, Xinlan Road, Jiancaoping District, 030008 Taiyuan, China.
| | - Jinxian Wang
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, No. 31, Xinlan Road, Jiancaoping District, 030008 Taiyuan, China
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13
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Malaria-derived exosomes exacerbate liver injury during blood stage of Plasmodium berghei infection. Acta Trop 2023; 239:106815. [PMID: 36608749 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver injury is a common clinical feature of Plasmodium spp. infection and contributes to multi-organ failure of severe malaria. Malaria-derived exosomes (MD-Exos) have recently engaged as key mediators in parasite-host interactions, modulating the subsequent pathogenic process. However, the role of MD-Exos in malaria-related liver injury and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, exosomes from C57BL/6 mice infected with or without P. berghei ANKA serum (namely inf-Exos or un-Exos) were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, western blotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The miRNAs profiling between inf-Exos and un-Exos were generated using RNA-seq and qPCR. The functions of inf-Exos on liver injury were investigated after two types of exosomes injected into mice intravenously (i.v.), by examining histopathological and apoptotic changes, macrophage polarization, and pro-inflammatory response. The infected red blood cells-stimulated mouse Raw264.7 macrophage cells targeted by inf-Exos or un-Exos were cultured for further study and verification the potential mechanisms. We found that both inf-Exos and un-Exos displayed a typical cup-shaped structure with a diameter of 60-200 nm, and had a positive expression of exosomal markers (e.g., CD9, CD63, and CD81). Compared with infected control mice, the treatment of inf-Exos but not un-Exos dramatically enhanced peripheral blood parasitemia and ECM incidence, exacerbated liver histopathological damage, elevated numbers of liver apoptotic cells, CD68+and CD86+ macrophages. The CD68+-TREM-1+ macrophages in liver tissues and the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) were increased by inf-Exos treatment in vivo. Meanwhile, the treatment of inf-Exos resulted in a substantial increase of the mRNA levels of CD86, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, but led to a remarkable decrease of Bcl-6 and SOCS-1 in Raw264.7 cells stimulated with iRBC in vitro. Notably, compared to un-Exos, five types of miRNAs (including miR-10a-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-205-5p, and miR-21a-5p), that were previously reported to target Bcl-6 or SOCS-1, present higher abundance on inf-Exos, as demonstrated by RNA-seq and qPCR. Collectively, our data suggest that inf-Exos exacerbate malaria-induced liver pathology via triggering excessive pro-inflammatory response and promoting macrophage M1 polarization. Our findings will provide new insights into the roles of inf-Exos in malaria parasite-host interaction and pathogenesis of liver injury.
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14
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Li H, Hu W, Lin Y, Xu T, Zhang X, Wang C. MicroRNA-9-5p Is Involved in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Via the Regulation of Macrophage Polarization. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:156-164. [PMID: 36537157 DOI: 10.1177/10915818221146446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-9-5 p has been shown to affect lung cancer progression and lung fibrosis, but the efficacy of miR-9-5 p in acute lung injury (ALI) remained indefinite. The study was performed to probe the modulating mechanism of miR-9-5 p in ALI via regulating macrophage polarization. The ALI mouse model was established and blood samples of ALI patients were obtained. MiR-9-5 p levels in ALI mice and ALI patients were detected. Mouse pulmonary macrophages were extracted from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and polarized into M1 and M2 macrophages. Intervention of miR-9-5 p expression was performed to observe the effects on M1 polarization and M2 polarization in lung macrophages, inflammatory factors in BALF, wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) in lung tissues, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung tissues, and lung tissue lesion condition. MiR-9-5 p levels were elevated in the lung tissues of ALI mice and ALI patients. MiR-9-5 p silencing could repress lung macrophages in ALI mice polarized toward the M1 phenotype and promoted the polarization toward the M2 phenotype, reduced the lung lesions, the lung water content, and the secretion levels of the pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in BALF, increased the secretion of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, as well as impeded the MPO activity in the lung tissues of ALI mice. MiR-9-5 p deletion ameliorates LPS-induced inflammatory infiltration in lung tissues via inhibiting the polarization of mouse lung macrophages to the M1 phenotype and promoting the polarization to the M2 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, 573752The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Weimi Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, 573752The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yueyue Lin
- Department of Gastroscope Room, 573752The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Tengxiao Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, 573752The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xianjing Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, 573752The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 573752The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
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15
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Sprenkle NT, Serezani CH, Pua HH. MicroRNAs in Macrophages: Regulators of Activation and Function. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:359-368. [PMID: 36724439 PMCID: PMC10316964 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are sentinels of the innate immune system that maintain tissue homeostasis and contribute to inflammatory responses. Their broad scope of action depends on both functional heterogeneity and plasticity. Small noncoding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to macrophage function as post-transcriptional inhibitors of target gene networks. Genetic and pharmacologic studies have uncovered genes regulated by miRNAs that control macrophage cellular programming and macrophage-driven pathology. miRNAs control proinflammatory M1-like activation, immunoregulatory M2-like macrophage activation, and emerging macrophage functions in metabolic disease and innate immune memory. Understanding the gene networks regulated by individual miRNAs enhances our understanding of the spectrum of macrophage function at steady state and during responses to injury or pathogen invasion, with the potential to develop miRNA-based therapies. This review aims to consolidate past and current studies investigating the complexity of the miRNA interactome to provide the reader with a mechanistic view of how miRNAs shape macrophage behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Vandebilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Heather H Pua
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Vandebilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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16
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Erdem JS, Závodná T, Ervik TK, Skare Ø, Hron T, Anmarkrud KH, Kuśnierczyk A, Catalán J, Ellingsen DG, Topinka J, Zienolddiny-Narui S. High aspect ratio nanomaterial-induced macrophage polarization is mediated by changes in miRNA levels. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1111123. [PMID: 36776851 PMCID: PMC9911541 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1111123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inhalation of nanomaterials may induce inflammation in the lung which if left unresolved can manifest in pulmonary fibrosis. In these processes, alveolar macrophages have an essential role and timely modulation of the macrophage phenotype is imperative in the onset and resolution of inflammatory responses. This study aimed to investigate, the immunomodulating properties of two industrially relevant high aspect ratio nanomaterials, namely nanocellulose and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), in an alveolar macrophage model. Methods MH-S alveolar macrophages were exposed at air-liquid interface to cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and two MWCNT (NM-400 and NM-401). Following exposure, changes in macrophage polarization markers and secretion of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Furthermore, the potential contribution of epigenetic regulation in nanomaterial-induced macrophage polarization was investigated by assessing changes in epigenetic regulatory enzymes, miRNAs, and rRNA modifications. Results Our data illustrate that the investigated nanomaterials trigger phenotypic changes in alveolar macrophages, where CNF exposure leads to enhanced M1 phenotype and MWCNT promotes M2 phenotype. Furthermore, MWCNT exposure induced more prominent epigenetic regulatory events with changes in the expression of histone modification and DNA methylation enzymes as well as in miRNA transcript levels. MWCNT-enhanced changes in the macrophage phenotype were correlated with prominent downregulation of the histone methyltransferases Kmt2a and Smyd5 and histone deacetylases Hdac4, Hdac9 and Sirt1 indicating that both histone methylation and acetylation events may be critical in the Th2 responses to MWCNT. Furthermore, MWCNT as well as CNF exposure led to altered miRNA levels, where miR-155-5p, miR-16-1-3p, miR-25-3p, and miR-27a-5p were significantly regulated by both materials. PANTHER pathway analysis of the identified miRNA targets showed that both materials affected growth factor (PDGF, EGF and FGF), Ras/MAPKs, CCKR, GnRH-R, integrin, and endothelin signaling pathways. These pathways are important in inflammation or in the activation, polarization, migration, and regulation of phagocytic capacity of macrophages. In addition, pathways involved in interleukin, WNT and TGFB signaling were highly enriched following MWCNT exposure. Conclusion Together, these data support the importance of macrophage phenotypic changes in the onset and resolution of inflammation and identify epigenetic patterns in macrophages which may be critical in nanomaterial-induced inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Samulin Erdem
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway,*Correspondence: Johanna Samulin Erdem,
| | - Táňa Závodná
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Øivind Skare
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomáš Hron
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Anna Kuśnierczyk
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway,Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core Facility and St. Olavs Hospital Central Staff, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julia Catalán
- Department of Work Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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17
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Chen YH, Huang YC, Chen CH, Wen YT, Tsai RK, Chen C. Investigation of the Protective Effect of Extracellular Vesicle miR-124 on Retinal Ganglion Cells Using a Photolabile Paper-Based Chip. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:17. [PMID: 36689234 PMCID: PMC9896847 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Photolabile paper-based chips were developed to isolate extracellular vesicles (EVs) from small-volume samples (less than 30 µL), such as vitreous humor. Putative neuroprotective effects of EVs' microRNAs were investigated by using the paper chip and a rodent model with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rNAION). Methods rNAION was established using laser-induced photoactivation of rose bengal administered intravenously. On days 0, 0.25, 1, 3, and 7 after rNAION induction, CD63-positive EV microRNAs (CD63+-EV miRNAs) in vitreous humor samples were enriched using the paper chip and assessed using microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses. The viability and visual function of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were further assessed by measuring photopic flash visual evoked potentials (FVEPs). Results We identified 38 different variations of CD63+-EV miRNAs with more than twofold altered expressions. Among them, M1-related miRNA, mR-31a-5p, and M2-related miRNA, miR-125a-5p, miR-182, miR-181a-5p, and miR-124-3, were capable of coordinating anti-inflammatory reactions during rNAION because of their capacity to activate macrophages. In particular, miR-124, having the most dramatic alteration of gene expression, was synthesized and injected intravitreally. Compared to controls, rats that received miR-124 had shown increased RGC survivability and improved visual function. Conclusions Our research team has developed a paper-based chip capable of capturing EVs that can be released after UV exposure. The quantity and quality of EV-miRNAs extracted are adequate for microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses. Animal studies suggest that miR-124 may play a neuroprotective role in the natural recovery of rNAION and holds the potential to be a novel treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsun Chen
- Institution of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan,Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories (BDL), Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu Chuan Huang
- School of Pharmacy & Institute Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Republic of China,Department of Research and Development, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hung Chen
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories (BDL), Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tseng Wen
- Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Kung Tsai
- Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chihchen Chen
- Institution of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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18
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Arribas AJ, Napoli S, Cascione L, Barnabei L, Sartori G, Cannas E, Gaudio E, Tarantelli C, Mensah AA, Spriano F, Zucchetto A, Rossi FM, Rinaldi A, de Moura MC, Jovic S, Pittau RB, Stathis A, Stussi G, Gattei V, Brown JR, Esteller M, Zucca E, Rossi D, Bertoni F. ERBB4-mediated signaling is a mediator of resistance to BTK and PI3K inhibitors in B cell lymphoid neoplasms. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.01.522017. [PMID: 36711490 PMCID: PMC9881865 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.01.522017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BTK and PI3K inhibitors are among the drugs approved for the treatment of patients with lymphoid neoplasms. Although active, their ability to lead as single agents to long-lasting complete remission is rather limited especially in the lymphoma setting. This indicates that tumor cells often develop resistance to the drugs. Here, we show that the overexpression of ERBB4 and its ligands represents a modality for B cell neoplastic cells to bypass the anti-tumor activity of BTK and PI3K inhibitors and that targeted pharmacological interventions can restore sensitivity to the small molecules. We started from a marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) cell line, Karpas-1718, kept under prolonged exposure to the PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib until acquisition of resistance, or with no drug. Cells underwent transcriptome, miRNA and methylation profiling, whole exome sequencing, and pharmacological screening which led to the identification of the overexpression of ERBB4 and its ligands HBEGF and NRG2 in the resistant cells. Cellular and genetic experiments demonstrated the involvement of this axis in blocking the anti-tumor activity of various BTK and PI3K inhibitors, currently used in the clinical setting. Addition of recombinant HBEGF induced resistance to BTK and PI3K inhibitors in parental cells but also in additional lymphoma models. Combination with the ERBB inhibitor lapatinib was beneficial in resistant cells and in other lymphoma models already expressing the identified resistance factors. Multi-omics analysis underlined that an epigenetic reprogramming affected the expression of the resistance-related factors, and pretreatment with demethylating agents or EZH2 inhibitors overcame the resistance. Resistance factors were shown to be expressed in clinical samples, further extending the findings of the study. In conclusions, we identified a novel ERBB4-driven mechanism of resistance to BTK and PI3K inhibitors and treatments that appear to overcome it. Key points A mechanism of secondary resistance to the PI3Kδ and BTK inhibitors in B cell neoplasms driven by secreted factors.Resistance can be reverted by targeting ERBB signaling.
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19
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Gao Y, Mi N, Zhang Y, Li X, Guan W, Bai C. Uterine macrophages as treatment targets for therapy of premature rupture of membranes by modified ADSC-EVs through a circRNA/miRNA/NF-κB pathway. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:487. [PMCID: PMC9675163 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of stable non-coding RNA that modifies macrophage inflammation by sponging micro RNAs (miRNAs), binding to RNA-binding proteins, and undergoing translation into peptides. Activated M1 phenotype macrophages secrete matrix metalloproteinases to participate in softening of the cervix uteri to promote vaginal delivery. Methods In this study, the premature rupture of membranes (PROM) mouse model was used to analyze the role of macrophages in this process. Profiling of circRNAs was performed using a competing endogenous RNA microarray, and their functions were elucidated in vitro. Meanwhile, adipose tissue-derived stem cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) were applied as a vehicle to transport small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the circRNAs to demonstrate their biological function in vivo. Results The miRNA miR-1931 is dependent on the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway but negatively regulates its activation by targeting the NF-κB signaling transducer TRAF6 to prevent polarization of M1 macrophages and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion. The host gene of circRNA B4GALNT1, also an NF-κB pathway-dependent gene, circularizes to form circRNA_0002047, which sponges miR-1931 to maintain NF-κB pathway activation and MMP secretion in vitro. In the PROM model, EVs loaded with siRNAs targeting circRNAs demonstrated that the circRNAs reduced miR-1931 expression to maintain NF-κB pathway activation and MMP secretion for accelerating PROM in vivo. Conclusions Our data provide insights into understanding PROM pathogenesis and improving PROM treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01696-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Gao
- grid.449428.70000 0004 1797 7280Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong 272067 People’s Republic of China ,grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningning Mi
- grid.449428.70000 0004 1797 7280Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong 272067 People’s Republic of China ,grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, 666, Wusu Road, Li’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- grid.449428.70000 0004 1797 7280Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong 272067 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, 666, Wusu Road, Li’an, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijun Guan
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Bai
- grid.449428.70000 0004 1797 7280Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, No.133 Hehua Road, Jining, Shandong 272067 People’s Republic of China ,grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
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20
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Cifuentes-Bernal AM, Pham VVH, Li X, Liu L, Li J, Duy Le T. Dynamic cancer drivers: a causal approach for cancer driver discovery based on bio-pathological trajectories. Brief Funct Genomics 2022; 21:455-465. [PMID: 36124841 PMCID: PMC10467634 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional way for discovering genes which drive cancer (namely cancer drivers) neglects the dynamic information of cancer development, even though it is well known that cancer progresses dynamically. To enhance cancer driver discovery, we expand cancer driver concept to dynamic cancer driver as a gene driving one or more bio-pathological transitions during cancer progression. Our method refers to the fact that cancer should not be considered as a single process but a compendium of altered biological processes causing the disease to develop over time. Reciprocally, different drivers of cancer can potentially be discovered by analysing different bio-pathological pathways. We propose a novel approach for causal inference of genes driving one or more core processes during cancer development (i.e. dynamic cancer driver). We use the concept of pseudotime for inferring the latent progression of samples along a biological transition during cancer and identifying a critical event when such a process is significantly deviated from normal to carcinogenic. We infer driver genes by assessing the causal effect they have on the process after such a critical event. We have applied our method to single-cell and bulk sequencing datasets of breast cancer. The evaluation results show that our method outperforms well-recognized cancer driver inference methods. These results suggest that including information of the underlying dynamics of cancer improves the inference process (in comparison with using static data), and allows us to discover different sets of driver genes from different processes in cancer. R scripts and datasets can be found at https://github.com/AndresMCB/DynamicCancerDriver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres M Cifuentes-Bernal
- UniSA STEM Unit, University of South Australia,
Mawson Lakes Blvd, 5095, South Australia , Australia
| | - Vu V H Pham
- UniSA STEM Unit, University of South Australia,
Mawson Lakes Blvd, 5095, South Australia , Australia
| | - Xiaomei Li
- UniSA STEM Unit, University of South Australia,
Mawson Lakes Blvd, 5095, South Australia , Australia
| | - Lin Liu
- UniSA STEM Unit, University of South Australia,
Mawson Lakes Blvd, 5095, South Australia , Australia
| | - Jiuyong Li
- UniSA STEM Unit, University of South Australia,
Mawson Lakes Blvd, 5095, South Australia , Australia
| | - Thuc Duy Le
- UniSA STEM Unit, University of South Australia,
Mawson Lakes Blvd, 5095, South Australia , Australia
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21
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Moskalik A, Ratajska A, Majchrzak B, Jankowska-Steifer E, Bartkowiak K, Bartkowiak M, Niderla-Bielińska J. miR-31-5p-Modified RAW 264.7 Macrophages Affect Profibrotic Phenotype of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13193. [PMID: 36361979 PMCID: PMC9657882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac lymphatic vessel (LyV) remodeling as a contributor to heart failure has not been extensively evaluated in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our studies have shown structural changes in cardiac LyV in MetS that contribute to the development of edema and lead to myocardial fibrosis. Tissue macrophages may affect LyV via secretion of various substances, including noncoding RNAs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of macrophages modified by miR-31-5p, a molecule that regulates fibrosis and lymphangiogenesis, on lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in vitro. The experiments were carried out on the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and primary dermal lymphatic endothelial cells. RAW 264.7 macrophages were transfected with miR-31-5p and supernatant from this culture was used for LEC stimulation. mRNA expression levels for genes associated with lymphangiogenesis and fibrosis were measured with qRT-PCR. Selected results were confirmed with ELISA or Western blotting. miR-31-5p-modified RAW 264.7 macrophages secreted increased amounts of VEGF-C and TGF-β and a decreased amount of IGF-1. The supernatant from miR-31-5p-modified RAW 264.7 downregulated the mRNA expression for genes regulating endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) and fibrosis in LECs. Our results suggest that macrophages under the influence of miR-31-5p show the potential to inhibit LEC-dependent fibrosis. However, more studies are needed to confirm this effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Moskalik
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Collegium Anatomicum, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Ratajska
- Department of Pathology, Collegium Anatomicum, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Majchrzak
- Department of Pathology, Collegium Anatomicum, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Jankowska-Steifer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Anatomicum, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bartkowiak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Anatomicum, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bartkowiak
- Department of History of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Niderla-Bielińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Anatomicum, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Breda J, Banerjee A, Jayachandran R, Pieters J, Zavolan M. A novel approach to single-cell analysis reveals intrinsic differences in immune marker expression in unstimulated BALB/c and C57BL/6 macrophages. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2630-2643. [PMID: 36001069 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The origin of functional heterogeneity among macrophages, key innate immune system components, is still debated. While mouse strains differ in their immune responses, the range of gene expression variation among their pre-stimulation macrophages is unknown. With a novel approach to scRNA-seq analysis, we reveal the gene expression variation in unstimulated macrophage populations from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. We show that intrinsic strain-to-strain differences are detectable before stimulation and we place the unstimulated single cells within the gene expression landscape of stimulated macrophages. C57BL/6 mice show stronger evidence of macrophage polarization than BALB/c mice, which may contribute to their relative resistance to pathogens. Our computational methods can be generally adopted to uncover biological variation between cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Breda
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arka Banerjee
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jean Pieters
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mihaela Zavolan
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
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23
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Tarakcioglu E, Tastan B, Arioz BI, Tufekci KU, Genc S. Melatonin Alters the miRNA Transcriptome of Inflammasome Activation in Murine Microglial Cells. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3202-3211. [PMID: 35842554 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03674-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation can have devastating effects on the central nervous system via its resident immune cells, the microglia. One of the primary mediators of this inflammation is inflammasomes, multiprotein complexes that trigger a release of inflammatory proteins when activated. Melatonin, a hormone with anti-inflammatory effects, is an attractive candidate for suppressing such inflammation. In this study, we have investigated how melatonin alters the microRNA (miRNA) transcriptome of microglial cells. For that purpose, we have performed RNA sequencing on a lipopolysaccharide and adenosine triphosphate (LPS + ATP) induced NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation model in the N9 mouse microglial cell line, with and without melatonin pre-treatment. We have identified 136 differentially expressed miRNAs in cells exposed to LPS + ATP compared to controls and 10 differentially expressed miRNAs in melatonin pre-treated cells compared to the inflammasome group. We have identified miR-155-3p as a miRNA that is upregulated with inflammasome activation and downregulated with melatonin treatment. We further confirmed this pattern of miR-155-3p expression in the brains of mice injected intraperitoneally with LPS. Moreover, an overexpression study with miRNA-155-3p mimic supported the idea that the protective effects of melatonin in NLRP3 inflammasome activation are partly associated with miRNA-155-3p inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Tarakcioglu
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Izmir, Balcova, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bora Tastan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Izmir, Balcova, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burak I Arioz
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Izmir, Balcova, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Ugur Tufekci
- Department of Health Care Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir Democracy University, 35290, Izmir, Turkey.,Center for Brain and Neuroscience Research, Izmir Democracy University, 35290, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340, Izmir, Balcova, Turkey. .,Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
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24
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Zatterale F, Raciti GA, Prevenzano I, Leone A, Campitelli M, De Rosa V, Beguinot F, Parrillo L. Epigenetic Reprogramming of the Inflammatory Response in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070982. [PMID: 35883538 PMCID: PMC9313117 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For the past several decades, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has continued to rise on a global level. The risk contributing to this pandemic implicates both genetic and environmental factors, which are functionally integrated by epigenetic mechanisms. While these conditions are accompanied by major abnormalities in fuel metabolism, evidence indicates that altered immune cell functions also play an important role in shaping of obesity and T2D phenotypes. Interestingly, these events have been shown to be determined by epigenetic mechanisms. Consistently, recent epigenome-wide association studies have demonstrated that immune cells from obese and T2D individuals feature specific epigenetic profiles when compared to those from healthy subjects. In this work, we have reviewed recent literature reporting epigenetic changes affecting the immune cell phenotype and function in obesity and T2D. We will further discuss therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic marks for treating obesity and T2D-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Zatterale
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gregory Alexander Raciti
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Immacolata Prevenzano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessia Leone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Michele Campitelli
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Veronica De Rosa
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (L.P.); Tel.: +39-081-746-3248 (F.B.); +39-081-746-3045 (L.P.)
| | - Luca Parrillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (L.P.); Tel.: +39-081-746-3248 (F.B.); +39-081-746-3045 (L.P.)
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25
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Barney TM, Vore AS, Deak T. Acute Ethanol Challenge Differentially Regulates Expression of Growth Factors and miRNA Expression Profile of Whole Tissue of the Dorsal Hippocampus. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:884197. [PMID: 35706690 PMCID: PMC9189295 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.884197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ethanol exposure produces rapid alterations in neuroimmune gene expression that are both time- and cytokine-dependent. Interestingly, adolescent rats, who often consume binge-like quantities of alcohol, displayed reduced neuroimmune responses to acute ethanol challenge. However, it is not known whether growth factors, a related group of signaling factors, respond to ethanol similarly in adults and adolescents. Therefore, Experiment 1 aimed to assess the growth factor response to ethanol in both adolescents and adults. To test this, adolescent (P29-P34) and adult (P70-P80) Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes were injected with either ethanol (3.5 g/kg) or saline, and brains were harvested 3 h post-injection for assessment of growth factor, cytokine, or miRNA expression. As expected, acute ethanol challenge significantly increased IL-6 and IκBα expression in the hippocampus and amygdala, replicating our prior findings. Acute ethanol significantly decreased BDNF and increased FGF2 regardless of age condition. PDGF was unresponsive to ethanol, but showed heightened expression among adolescent males. Because recent work has focused on the PDE4 inhibitor ibudilast for treatment in alcohol use disorder, Experiment 2 tested whether ibudilast would alter ethanol-evoked gene expression changes in cytokines and growth factors in the CNS. Ibudilast (9.0 mg/kg s.c.) administration 1 h prior to ethanol had no effect on ethanol-induced changes in cytokine or growth factor changes in the hippocampus or amygdala. To further explore molecular alterations evoked by acute ethanol challenge in the adult rat hippocampus, Experiment 3 tested whether acute ethanol would change the miRNA expression profile of the dorsal hippocampus using RNASeq, which revealed a rapid suppression of 12 miRNA species 3 h after acute ethanol challenge. Of the miRNA affected by ethanol, the majority were related to inflammation or cell survival and proliferation factors, including FGF2, MAPK, NFκB, and VEGF. Overall, these findings suggest that ethanol-induced, rapid alterations in neuroimmune gene expression were (i) muted among adolescents; (ii) independent of PDE4 signaling; and (iii) accompanied by changes in several growth factors (increased FGF2, decreased BDNF). In addition, ethanol decreased expression of multiple miRNA species, suggesting a dynamic molecular profile of changes in the hippocampus within a few short hours after acute ethanol challenge. Together, these findings may provide important insight into the molecular consequences of heavy drinking in humans.
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26
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The role of non-coding RNAs in neuroinflammatory process in multiple sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4651-4668. [PMID: 35589919 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system chronic neuroinflammatory disease followed by neurodegeneration. The diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid testing and magnetic resonance imagining. There is still a lack of a diagnostic blood-based biomarker for MS. Due to the cost and difficulty of diagnosis, new and more easily accessible methods are being sought. New biomarkers should also allow for early diagnosis. Additionally, the treatment of MS should lead to the personalization of the therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as well as their target genes participate in pathophysiology processes in MS. Although the detailed mechanism of action of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs, including miRNAs and lncRNAs) on neuroinflammation in MS has not been fully explained, several studies were conducted aiming to analyse their impact in MS. In this article, we review up-to-date knowledge on the latest research concerning the ncRNAs in MS and evaluate their role in neuroinflammation. We also point out the most promising ncRNAs which may be promising in MS as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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27
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Target-Dependent Coordinated Biogenesis of Secondary MicroRNAs by miR-146a Balances Macrophage Activation Processes. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0045221. [PMID: 35311564 PMCID: PMC9022539 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00452-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) repress protein expression by binding to the target mRNAs. Exploring whether the expression of one miRNA can regulate the abundance and activity of other miRNAs, we noted the coordinated biogenesis of miRNAs in activated macrophages. miRNAs with higher numbers of binding sites (the “primary” miRNAs) induce expression of other miRNAs (“secondary” miRNAs) having binding sites on the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of common target mRNAs. miR-146a-5p, in activated macrophages, acts as a “primary” miRNA that coordinates biogenesis of “secondary” miR-125b, miR-21, or miR-142-3p to target new sets of mRNAs to balance the immune responses. During coordinated biogenesis, primary miRNA drives the biogenesis of secondary miRNA in a target mRNA- and Dicer1 activity-dependent manner. The coordinated biogenesis of miRNAs was observed across different cell types. The target-dependent coordinated miRNA biogenesis also ensures a cumulative mode of action of primary and secondary miRNAs on the secondary target mRNAs. Interestingly, using the “primary” miR-146a-5p-specific inhibitor, we could inhibit the target-dependent biogenesis of secondary miRNAs that can stop the miRNA-mediated buffering of cytokine expression and inflammatory response occurring in activated macrophages. Computational analysis suggests the prevalence of coordinated biogenesis of miRNAs also in other contexts in human and in mouse.
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28
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Simultaneously enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis via macrophage-derived exosomes upon stimulation with titania nanotubes. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 134:112708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Geiß C, Salas E, Guevara-Coto J, Régnier-Vigouroux A, Mora-Rodríguez RA. Multistability in Macrophage Activation Pathways and Metabolic Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030404. [PMID: 35159214 PMCID: PMC8834178 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells with a dynamic range of reversible activation states including the classical pro-inflammatory (M1) and alternative anti-inflammatory (M2) states. Deciphering how macrophages regulate their transition from one state to the other is key for a deeper understanding of inflammatory diseases and relevant therapies. Common regulatory motifs reported for macrophage transitions, such as positive or double-negative feedback loops, exhibit a switchlike behavior, suggesting the bistability of the system. In this review, we explore the evidence for multistability (including bistability) in macrophage activation pathways at four molecular levels. First, a decision-making module in signal transduction includes mutual inhibitory interactions between M1 (STAT1, NF-KB/p50-p65) and M2 (STAT3, NF-KB/p50-p50) signaling pathways. Second, a switchlike behavior at the gene expression level includes complex network motifs of transcription factors and miRNAs. Third, these changes impact metabolic gene expression, leading to switches in energy production, NADPH and ROS production, TCA cycle functionality, biosynthesis, and nitrogen metabolism. Fourth, metabolic changes are monitored by metabolic sensors coupled to AMPK and mTOR activity to provide stability by maintaining signals promoting M1 or M2 activation. In conclusion, we identify bistability hubs as promising therapeutic targets for reverting or blocking macrophage transitions through modulation of the metabolic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Geiß
- Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology (IDN), Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (R.A.M.-R.)
| | - Elvira Salas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Campus Rodrigo Facio, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica;
| | - Jose Guevara-Coto
- Department of Computer Sciences and Informatics (ECCI), Faculty of Engineering, Campus Rodrigo Facio, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica;
- Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), Campus Rodrigo Facio, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Anne Régnier-Vigouroux
- Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology (IDN), Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Rodrigo A. Mora-Rodríguez
- Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology (IDN), Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
- Research Center on Surgery and Cancer (CICICA), Campus Rodrigo Facio, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET), Lab of Tumor Chemosensitivity (LQT), Faculty of Microbiology, Campus Rodrigo Facio, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (R.A.M.-R.)
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30
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Zhao Y, Cui S, Wang Y, Xu R. The Extensive Regulation of MicroRNA in Immune Thrombocytopenia. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221093595. [PMID: 35536600 PMCID: PMC9096216 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221093595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecule that plays
a variety of key roles in different biological processes through
post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. MiRNA has been proved to be
a variety of cellular processes involved in development, differentiation, signal
transduction, and is an important regulator of immune and autoimmune diseases.
Therefore, it may act as potent modulators of the immune system and play an
important role in the development of several autoimmune diseases. Immune
thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune systemic disease characterized by a low
platelet count. Several studies suggest that like other autoimmune disorders,
miRNAs are deeply involved in the pathogenesis of ITP, interacting with the
function of innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review, we discuss
emerging knowledge about the function of miRNAs in ITP and describe miRNAs in
terms of their role in the immune system and autoimmune response. These findings
suggest that miRNA may be a useful therapeutic target for ITP by regulating the
immune system. In the future, we need to have a more comprehensive understanding
of miRNAs and how they regulate the immune system of patients with ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuerong Zhao
- 74738Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Siyuan Cui
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Institute of Hematology, 74738Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Hematology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ruirong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Institute of Hematology, 74738Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Hematology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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31
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Ma W, Zhang W, Cui B, Gao J, Liu Q, Yao M, Ning H, Xing L. Functional delivery of lncRNA TUG1 by endothelial progenitor cells derived extracellular vesicles confers anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization in sepsis via impairing miR-9-5p-targeted SIRT1 inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1056. [PMID: 34743197 PMCID: PMC8572288 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of biomolecules by extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has been proven to ameliorate sepsis, yet the therapeutic mechanism remains to be elucidated. Taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that is downregulated in sepsis. The current study was designed to explore the role of EPCs derived EVs transmitting TUG1 in macrophage polarization and macrophage-mediated inflammation in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis mouse model. TUG1 was underexpressed in CLP-induced sepsis, and its reexpression induced anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization and suppressed macrophage-medicated inflammatory injury to the pulmonary vascular endothelium. EPCs derived EVs transmitted TUG1 to promote M2 macrophage polarization. Luciferase, RIP, and RNA pull-down assays showed that TUG1 could competitively bind to microRNA-9-5p (miR-9-5p) to upregulate the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Furthermore, EPCs derived EVs transmitted TUG1 to promote M2 macrophage polarization through the impairment of miR-9-5p-dependent SIRT1 inhibition. Finally, EPCs derived EVs carrying TUG1 were verified to ameliorate sepsis-induced organ damage in the murine model. In summary, EPCs derived EVs transmit TUG1 to attenuate sepsis via macrophage M2 polarization. This study also highlights the proinflammatory mechanism associated with miR-9-5p-mediated inhibition of SIRT1, which contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Ma
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Nursing and Health College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Bing Cui
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Liu
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Yao
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P.R. China.
| | - Hanbing Ning
- Department of Digestive Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P.R. China.
| | - Lihua Xing
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P.R. China.
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32
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Bartlett B, Gao Z, Schukking M, Menor M, Khadka VS, Fabbri M, Fei P, Deng Y. The miRNA Profile of Inflammatory Colorectal Tumors Identify TGF-β as a Companion Target for Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:754507. [PMID: 34722540 PMCID: PMC8551827 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.754507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extrinsic factors such as expression of PD-L1 (programmed dealth-ligand 1) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been shown to correlate with responses to checkpoint blockade therapy. More recently two intrinsic factors related to tumor genetics, microsatellite instability (MSI), and tumor mutation burden (TMB), have been linked to high response rates to checkpoint blockade drugs. These response rates led to the first tissue-agnostic approval of any cancer therapy by the FDA for the treatment of metastatic, MSI-H tumors with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. But there are still very few studies focusing on the association of miRNAs with immune therapy through checkpoint inhibitors. Our team sought to explore the biology of such tumors further and suggest potential companion therapeutics to current checkpoint inhibitors. Analysis by Pearson Correlation revealed 41 total miRNAs correlated with mutation burden, 62 miRNAs correlated with MSI, and 17 miRNAs correlated with PD-L1 expression. Three miRNAs were correlated with all three of these tumor features as well as M1 macrophage polarization. No miRNAs in any group were associated with overall survival. TGF-β was predicted to be influenced by these three miRNAs (p = 0.008). Exploring miRNA targets as companions to treatment by immune checkpoint blockade revealed three potential miRNA targets predicted to impact TGF-β. M1 macrophage polarization state was also associated with tumors predicted to respond to therapy by immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjarne Bartlett
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Zitong Gao
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Monique Schukking
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Mark Menor
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Vedbar S Khadka
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Peiwen Fei
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Youping Deng
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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33
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Lecoeur H, Prina E, Gutiérrez-Sanchez M, Späth GF. Going ballistic: Leishmania nuclear subversion of host cell plasticity. Trends Parasitol 2021; 38:205-216. [PMID: 34666937 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular parasites have evolved intricate strategies to subvert host cell functions for their own survival. These strategies are particularly damaging to the host if the infection involves immune cells, as illustrated by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania that thrive inside mononuclear phagocytic cells, causing devastating immunopathologies. While the impact of Leishmania infection on host cell phenotype and functions has been well documented, the regulatory mechanisms underlying host cell subversion were only recently investigated. Here we summarize the current knowledge on how Leishmania infection affects host nuclear activities and propose thought-provoking new concepts on the reciprocal relationship between epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in host cell phenotypic plasticity, its potential subversion by the intracellular parasite, and its relevance for host-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Lecoeur
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France
| | - Eric Prina
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France
| | - Maria Gutiérrez-Sanchez
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France; UMR 8076 CNRS BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Gerald F Späth
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France.
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34
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Smith NC, Umasuthan N, Kumar S, Woldemariam NT, Andreassen R, Christian SL, Rise ML. Transcriptome Profiling of Atlantic Salmon Adherent Head Kidney Leukocytes Reveals That Macrophages Are Selectively Enriched During Culture. Front Immunol 2021; 12:709910. [PMID: 34484211 PMCID: PMC8415484 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.709910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an economically important fish, both in aquaculture and in the wild. In vertebrates, macrophages are some of the first cell types to respond to pathogen infection and disease. While macrophage biology has been characterized in mammals, less is known in fish. Our previous work identified changes in the morphology, phagocytic ability, and miRNA profile of Atlantic salmon adherent head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) from predominantly “monocyte-like” at Day 1 of in vitro culture to predominantly “macrophage-like” at Day 5 of culture. Therefore, to further characterize these two cell populations, we examined the mRNA transcriptome profile in Day 1 and Day 5 HKLs using a 44K oligonucleotide microarray. Large changes in the transcriptome were revealed, including changes in the expression of macrophage and immune-related transcripts (e.g. csf1r, arg1, tnfa, mx2), lipid-related transcripts (e.g. fasn, dhcr7, fabp6), and transcription factors involved in macrophage differentiation and function (e.g. klf2, klf9, irf7, irf8, stat1). The in silico target prediction analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using miRNAs known to change expression in Day 5 HKLs, followed by gene pathway enrichment analysis, supported that these miRNAs may be involved in macrophage maturation by targeting specific DEGs. Elucidating how immune cells, such as macrophages, develop and function is a key step in understanding the Atlantic salmon immune system. Overall, the results indicate that, without the addition of exogenous factors, the adherent HKL cell population differentiates in vitro to become macrophage-like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Smith
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | - Surendra Kumar
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Nardos T Woldemariam
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, OsloMet-Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Andreassen
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, OsloMet-Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sherri L Christian
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Matthew L Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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35
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Monastirioti A, Papadaki C, Rounis K, Kalapanida D, Mavroudis D, Agelaki S. A Prognostic Role for Circulating microRNAs Involved in Macrophage Polarization in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081988. [PMID: 34440757 PMCID: PMC8391493 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of the crosstalk between tumor cells and immune response. In the present study, miRNAs (let-7c, miR-26a, miR-30d, miR-98, miR-195, miR-202) reported to be involved in the polarization of macrophages were examined for associations with the outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (N = 125) treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. RT-qPCR was used to analyze miRNA expression levels in the plasma of patients prior to treatment. In our results, disease progression was correlated with high miR-202 expression (HR: 2.335; p = 0.040). Additionally, high miR-202 expression was characterized as an independent prognostic factor for shorter progression-free survival (PFS, HR: 1.564; p = 0.021) and overall survival (OS, HR: 1.558; p = 0.024). Moreover, high miR-202 independently predicted shorter OS (HR: 1.989; p = 0.008) in the non-squamous (non-SqCC) subgroup, and high miR-26a was correlated with shorter OS in the squamous (SqCC) subgroup (10.07 vs. 13.53 months, p = 0.033). The results of the present study propose that the expression levels of circulating miRNAs involved in macrophage polarization are correlated with survival measures in NSCLC patients, and their role as potential biomarkers merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Monastirioti
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (A.M.); (C.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Chara Papadaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (A.M.); (C.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Konstantinos Rounis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Despoina Kalapanida
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Dimitrios Mavroudis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (A.M.); (C.P.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.R.); (D.K.)
| | - Sofia Agelaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (A.M.); (C.P.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.R.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-281-0392438
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36
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Luo L, Yan C, Fuchi N, Kodama Y, Zhang X, Shinji G, Miura K, Sasaki H, Li TS. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as probable triggers of radiation-induced heart disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:422. [PMID: 34294160 PMCID: PMC8296737 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation-induced heart disease has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also residing in the heart, are highly susceptible to radiation. We examined the hypothesis that the altered secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from MSCs is the trigger of radiation-induced heart disease. METHODS By exposing human placental tissue-derived MSCs to 5 Gy γ-rays, we then isolated EVs from the culture medium 48 h later and evaluated the changes in quantity and quality of EVs from MSCs after radiation exposure. The biological effects of EVs from irradiated MSCs on HUVECs and H9c2 cells were also examined. RESULTS Although the amount and size distribution of EVs did not differ between the nonirradiated and irradiated MSCs, miRNA sequences indicated many upregulated or downregulated miRNAs in irradiated MSCs EVs. In vitro experiments using HUVEC and H9c2 cells showed that irradiated MSC-EVs decreased cell proliferation (P < 0.01), but increased cell apoptosis and DNA damage. Moreover, irradiated MSC-EVs impaired the HUVEC tube formation and induced calcium overload in H9c2 cells. CONCLUSIONS EVs released from irradiated MSCs show altered miRNA profiles and harmful effects on heart cells, which provides new insight into the mechanism of radiation-related heart disease risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Tongshan Road 209, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Naoki Fuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Kodama
- Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Goto Shinji
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Miura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sasaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
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37
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Cifuentes-Bernal AM, Pham VV, Li X, Liu L, Li J, Le TD. A pseudotemporal causality approach to identifying miRNA-mRNA interactions during biological processes. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:807-814. [PMID: 33070184 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION microRNAs (miRNAs) are important gene regulators and they are involved in many biological processes, including cancer progression. Therefore, correctly identifying miRNA-mRNA interactions is a crucial task. To this end, a huge number of computational methods has been developed, but they mainly use the data at one snapshot and ignore the dynamics of a biological process. The recent development of single cell data and the booming of the exploration of cell trajectories using 'pseudotime' concept have inspired us to develop a pseudotime-based method to infer the miRNA-mRNA relationships characterizing a biological process by taking into account the temporal aspect of the process. RESULTS We have developed a novel approach, called pseudotime causality, to find the causal relationships between miRNAs and mRNAs during a biological process. We have applied the proposed method to both single cell and bulk sequencing datasets for Epithelia to Mesenchymal Transition, a key process in cancer metastasis. The evaluation results show that our method significantly outperforms existing methods in finding miRNA-mRNA interactions in both single cell and bulk data. The results suggest that utilizing the pseudotemporal information from the data helps reveal the gene regulation in a biological process much better than using the static information. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION R scripts and datasets can be found at https://github.com/AndresMCB/PTC. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vu Vh Pham
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5095 Mawson Lakes, Australia
| | - Xiaomei Li
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5095 Mawson Lakes, Australia
| | - Lin Liu
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5095 Mawson Lakes, Australia
| | - Jiuyong Li
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5095 Mawson Lakes, Australia
| | - Thuc Duy Le
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5095 Mawson Lakes, Australia
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38
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Ge X, Meng Q, Wei L, Liu J, Li M, Liang X, Lin F, Zhang Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Fan H, Zhou X. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac extracellular vesicles harbour proinflammatory features and aggravate heart injury. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12072. [PMID: 33664937 PMCID: PMC7902529 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) curb important biological functions. We previously disclosed that ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induces increased release of EVs (IR-EVs) in the heart. However, the role of IR-EVs in IR pathological process remains poorly understood. Here we found that adoptive transfer of IR-EVs aggravated IR induced heart injury, and EV inhibition by GW4869 reduced the IR injury. Our in vivo and in vitro investigations substantiated that IR-EVs facilitated M1-like polarization of macrophages with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Further, we disclosed the miRNA profile in cardiac EVs and confirmed the enrichment of miRNAs, such as miR-155-5p in IR-EVs compared to EVs from the sham heart (S-EVs). In particular, IR-EVs transferred miR-155-5p to macrophages and enhanced the inflammatory response through activating JAK2/STAT1 pathway. Interestingly, IR-EVs not only boosted the local inflammation in the heart, but even triggered systemic inflammation in distant organs. Taken together, we newly identify an IR-EVs-miR-155-5p-M1 polarization axis in the heart post IR. The EVs derived from IR-injured heart contribute to both local and systemic inflammation. Importantly, EV inhibition by GW4869 is supposed to be a promising therapeutic strategy for IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Ge
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Qingshu Meng
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Lu Wei
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Mimi Li
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Fang Lin
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Department of UltrasoundShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Yinzhen Li
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Respiratory MedicineShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Heart FailureShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Heart FailureShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
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Probe into the Target and Mechanism of Jianpi Xiaoke Prescription for Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through miRNA Expression Profiling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2020:7370350. [PMID: 33456489 PMCID: PMC7785360 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7370350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methods Ten of the 31 SPF male Wistar rats were randomly taken as the control group; the remaining rats were fed a high-sugar and high-fat diet, combined with Streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg) that induced a type 2 diabetes model. The model rats were randomly divided into model groups (n = 11) and the JPXK group (n = 10). After 8 weeks of JPXK intervention, we detected the function of islet cells through HE staining and ELISA. High-pass sequencing technology was adopted to identify the differential expression of miRNA to explore the target of JPXK treatment, assess the relevant target genes, conduct functional analysis, and lastly verify the sequencing data by qRT-PCR. Results After treatment, FPG, FINS, and HOMA-IR levels of the treatment group improved significantly compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). Among the miRNAs differentially expressed between the model group and the control group, there were 7 reversals after JPXK treatment, including miR-1-3p, miR-135a-5p, miR-181d-5p, miR-206-3p, miR-215, miR-3473, and miR-547-3p (log2FC ≥ 1 or ≤ -1, P < 0.05). Besides, the 1810 target genes associated with these 7 miRNAs were assessed by multiMiR. According to the results of the GO and KEGG analyses, they were associated with biological processes (e.g., glucose transport and fat cell formation), and it covered multiple signaling pathways, capable of regulating islet cell function (e.g., MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Ras, AMPK, and HIF-1 signaling pathways). The PCR verification results were consistent with the sequencing results. Conclusion This discovery interpreted the potential therapeutic targets and signaling pathways of JPXK prescription against T2DM based on miRNA expression profiling. In conclusion, our research provided novel research insights into traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment of diabetes.
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Neaga A, Bagacean C, Tempescul A, Jimbu L, Mesaros O, Blag C, Tomuleasa C, Bocsan C, Gaman M, Zdrenghea M. MicroRNAs Associated With a Good Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Effect on Macrophage Polarization. Front Immunol 2021; 11:582915. [PMID: 33519805 PMCID: PMC7845488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive myeloid malignancy with poor outcomes despite very intensive therapeutic approaches. For the majority of patients which are unfit and treated less intensively, the prognosis is even worse. There has been unspectacular progress in outcome improvement over the last decades and the development of new approaches is of tremendous interest. The tumor microenvironment is credited with an important role in supporting cancer growth, including leukemogenesis. Macrophages are part of the tumor microenvironment and their contribution in this setting is increasingly being deciphered, these cells being credited with a tumor supporting role. Data on macrophage role and polarization in leukemia is scarce. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, by impending translation and promoting degradation of messenger RNAs. They are important modulators of cellular pathways, playing major roles in normal hematopoietic differentiation. miRNA expression is significantly correlated with the prognosis of hematopoietic malignancies, including AML. Oncogenic miRNAs correlate with poor prognosis, while tumor suppressor miRNAs, which inhibit the expression of proto-oncogenes, are correlated with a favorable prognosis. miRNAs are proposed as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis and are regarded as therapeutic approaches in many cancers, including AML. miRNAs with epigenetic or modulatory activity, as well as with synergistic activity with chemotherapeutic agents, proved to be promising therapeutic targets in experimental, pre-clinical approaches. The clinical availability of emerging compounds with mimicking or suppressor activity provides the opportunity for future therapeutic targeting of miRNAs. The present paper is focusing on miRNAs which, according to current knowledge, favorably impact on AML outcomes, being regarded as tumor suppressors, and reviews their role in macrophage polarization. We are focusing on miRNA expression in the setting of AML, but data on correlations between miRNA expression and macrophage polarization is mostly coming from studies involving normal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Neaga
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Bagacean
- Department of Hematology, Brest University Medical School Hospital, Brest, France.,U1227 B Lymphocytes and Autoimmunity, University of Brest, INSERM, IBSAM, Brest, France
| | - Adrian Tempescul
- Department of Hematology, Brest University Medical School Hospital, Brest, France.,U1227 B Lymphocytes and Autoimmunity, University of Brest, INSERM, IBSAM, Brest, France
| | - Laura Jimbu
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Mesaros
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Blag
- Department of Pediatrics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Gaman
- Department of Hematology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea Zdrenghea
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Spiers JG, Steiger N, Khadka A, Juliani J, Hill AF, Lavidis NA, Anderson ST, Cortina Chen HJ. Repeated acute stress modulates hepatic inflammation and markers of macrophage polarisation in the rat. Biochimie 2021; 180:30-42. [PMID: 33122103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bidirectional communication between the neuroendocrine stress and immune systems permits classically anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids to exert pro-inflammatory effects in specific cells and tissues. Liver macrophages/Kupffer cells play a crucial role in initiating inflammatory cascades mediated by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines following tissue injury. However, the effects of repeated acute psychological stress on hepatic inflammatory phenotype and macrophage activation state remains poorly understood. We have utilised a model of repeated acute stress in rodents to observe the changes in hepatic inflammatory phenotype, including anti-inflammatory vitamin D status, in addition to examining markers of classically and alternatively-activated macrophages. Male Wistar rats were subjected to control conditions or 6 h of restraint stress applied for 1 or 3 days (n = 8 per group) after which plasma concentrations of stress hormone, enzymes associated with liver damage, and vitamin D status were examined, in addition to hepatic expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers. Stress increased glucocorticoids and active vitamin D levels in addition to expression of glucocorticoid alpha/beta receptor, whilst changes in circulating hepatic enzymes indicated sustained liver damage. A pro-inflammatory response was observed in liver tissues following stress, and inducible nitric oxide synthase being observed within hepatic macrophage/Kupffer cells. Together, this suggests that stress preferentially induces a pro-inflammatory response in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jereme G Spiers
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia.
| | - Natasha Steiger
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Arun Khadka
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Juliani Juliani
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Nickolas A Lavidis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen T Anderson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Hsiao-Jou Cortina Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia; WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
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Panova V, Gogoi M, Rodriguez-Rodriguez N, Sivasubramaniam M, Jolin HE, Heycock MWD, Walker JA, Rana BMJ, Drynan LF, Hodskinson M, Pannell R, King G, Wing M, Easton AJ, Oedekoven CA, Kent DG, Fallon PG, Barlow JL, McKenzie ANJ. Group-2 innate lymphoid cell-dependent regulation of tissue neutrophil migration by alternatively activated macrophage-secreted Ear11. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:26-37. [PMID: 32457448 PMCID: PMC7790759 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Type-2 immunity is characterised by interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13, eosinophilia, mucus production, IgE, and alternatively activated macrophages (AAM). However, despite the lack of neutrophil chemoattractants such as CXCL1, neutrophils, a feature of type-1 immunity, are observed in type-2 responses. Consequently, alternative mechanisms must exist to ensure that neutrophils can contribute to type-2 immune reactions without escalation of deleterious inflammation. We now demonstrate that type-2 immune-associated neutrophil infiltration is regulated by the mouse RNase A homologue, eosinophil-associated ribonuclease 11 (Ear11), which is secreted by AAM downstream of IL-25-stimulated ILC2. Transgenic overexpression of Ear11 resulted in tissue neutrophilia, whereas Ear11-deficient mice have fewer resting tissue neutrophils, whilst other type-2 immune responses are not impaired. Notably, administration of recombinant mouse Ear11 increases neutrophil motility and recruitment. Thus, Ear11 helps maintain tissue neutrophils at homoeostasis and during type-2 reactions when chemokine-producing classically activated macrophages are infrequently elicited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veera Panova
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK ,grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830Present Address: The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT UK
| | - Mayuri Gogoi
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Noe Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Meera Sivasubramaniam
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Helen E. Jolin
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Morgan W. D. Heycock
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Jennifer A. Walker
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Batika M. J. Rana
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Lesley F. Drynan
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Michael Hodskinson
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Richard Pannell
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Gareth King
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Mark Wing
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
| | - Andrew J. Easton
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | | | - David G. Kent
- Stem Cell Institute, Clifford-Allbutt Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH UK ,grid.5685.e0000 0004 1936 9668Present Address: Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Padraic G. Fallon
- grid.8217.c0000 0004 1936 9705Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jillian L. Barlow
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK ,grid.5685.e0000 0004 1936 9668Present Address: Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Andrew N. J. McKenzie
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMedical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0QH UK
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Elchaninov A, Lokhonina A, Nikitina M, Vishnyakova P, Makarov A, Arutyunyan I, Poltavets A, Kananykhina E, Kovalchuk S, Karpulevich E, Bolshakova G, Sukhikh G, Fatkhudinov T. Comparative Analysis of the Transcriptome, Proteome, and miRNA Profile of Kupffer Cells and Monocytes. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120627. [PMID: 33352881 PMCID: PMC7766432 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage populations in most mammalian organs consist of cells of different origin. Resident macrophages originate from erythromyeloid precursors of the yolk sac wall; maintenance of the numbers of such macrophages in postnatal ontogenesis is practically independent of bone marrow haematopoiesis. The largest populations of the resident macrophages of embryonic origin are found in the central nervous system (microglia) and liver (Kupffer cells). In contrast, skin dermis and mucous membranes become predominantly colonized by bone marrow-derived monocytes that show pronounced functional and phenotypic plasticity. In the present study, we compared Kupffer cells and monocytes using the immunophenotype, gene expression profile, proteome, and pool of microRNA. The observed differences did not consider the resident liver macrophages as purely M2 macrophages or state that monocytes have purely M1 features. Monocytes show signs of high plasticity and sensitivity to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (e.g., high levels of transcription for Tlr 2, 4, 7, and 8). In contrast, the resident liver macrophages were clearly involved in the regulation of specific organ functions (nitrogen metabolism, complement system protein synthesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Elchaninov
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasia Lokhonina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Maria Nikitina
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey Makarov
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Irina Arutyunyan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Anastasiya Poltavets
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Evgenia Kananykhina
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Sergey Kovalchuk
- Laboratory of Bioinformatic Methods for Combinatorial Chemistry and Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Evgeny Karpulevich
- Information Systems Department, Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 109004 Moscow, Russia;
- Genome Engineering Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Galina Bolshakova
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
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Li GS, Cui L, Wang GD. miR-155-5p regulates macrophage M1 polarization and apoptosis in the synovial fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:68. [PMID: 33365068 PMCID: PMC7716652 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent degenerative joint diseases that affects millions of individuals worldwide. During OA, proinflammatory factors (including IL-1, IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α) are released from chondrocytes and proliferating synoviocytes potentiate the proinflammatory microenvironment of the synovial fluid (SF). The altered SF microenvironment affects the infiltration, polarization and apoptosis of macrophages, though the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. In the present study, the hypothesis that the knee synovial fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA SF) promotes the polarization of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived M1 macrophages and inhibits PBMC-derived macrophage apoptosis was investigated. KOA SF increased PBMC-derived macrophage M1 polarization via the microRNA (miR)-155-5p/suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 signaling pathway. Caspase-3 (CASP3) was identified as a novel target of miR-155-5p, where KOA SF inhibited macrophage apoptosis via the miR-155-5p/CASP3 signaling pathway. The results suggested that the proinflammatory environment of KOA SF promoted macrophage M1 polarization and reduced macrophage apoptosis via miR-155-5p. The results provided a potential explanation for the increased number of M1 macrophages observed in KOA SF during OA. In addition, the present study suggested that miR-155-5p may serve as a potential therapeutic target for KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Shi Li
- Department of Joint Orthopaedics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of Opthalmology Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Da Wang
- Department of Joint Orthopaedics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Smith NC, Wajnberg G, Chacko S, Woldemariam NT, Lacroix J, Crapoulet N, Ayre DC, Lewis SM, Rise ML, Andreassen R, Christian SL. Characterization of miRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles Released From Atlantic Salmon Monocyte-Like and Macrophage-Like Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:587931. [PMID: 33262769 PMCID: PMC7686242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.587931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in cell-cell communication via transfer of molecular cargo including genetic material like miRNAs. In mammals, it has previously been established that EV-mediated transfer of miRNAs can alter the development or function of immune cells, such as macrophages. Our previous research revealed that Atlantic salmon head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) change their morphology, phagocytic ability and miRNA profile from primarily “monocyte-like” at Day 1 to primarily “macrophage-like” at Day 5 of culture. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the miRNA cargo packaged in EVs released from these two cell populations. We successfully isolated EVs from Atlantic salmon HKL culture supernatants using the established Vn96 peptide-based pull-down. Isolation was validated using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blotting. RNA-sequencing identified 19 differentially enriched (DE) miRNAs packaged in Day 1 versus Day 5 EVs. Several of the highly abundant miRNAs, including those that were DE (e.g. ssa-miR-146a, ssa-miR-155 and ssa-miR-731), were previously identified as DE in HKLs and are associated with macrophage differentiation and immune response in other species. Interestingly, the abundance relative of the miRNAs in EVs, including the most abundant miRNA (ssa-miR-125b), was different than the miRNA abundance in HKLs, indicating selective packaging of miRNAs in EVs. Further study of the miRNA cargo in EVs derived from fish immune cells will be an important next step in identifying EV biomarkers useful for evaluating immune cell function, fish health, or response to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Smith
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | - Simi Chacko
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Nardos T Woldemariam
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, OsloMet-Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - D Craig Ayre
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Stephen M Lewis
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Matthew L Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Rune Andreassen
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, OsloMet-Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sherri L Christian
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
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Peng Y, Li X, Liu H, Deng X, She C, Liu C, Wang X, Liu A. microRNA-18a from M2 Macrophages Inhibits TGFBR3 to Promote Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Progression and Tumor Growth via TGF-β Signaling Pathway. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:196. [PMID: 33006671 PMCID: PMC7532261 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of nasopharyngeal disease with high metastasis and invasion properties. Tumor-associated alternative activated (M2) macrophages are evidenced to connect with NPC. Based on this, this study purposes to explore the mechanism and participation of microRNA-18a (miR-18a) from M2 macrophages in NPC. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were differentiated to macrophages and macrophages were polarized to M2 type by interleukin-4. SUNE-1 and CNE2 cells were transfected with restored or depleted miR-18a or transforming growth factor-beta III receptor (TGFBR3) to explore their roles in NPC progression with the involvement of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Next, SUNE-1 and CNE2 cells were co-cultured with M2 macrophages that had been treated with restored or depleted miR-18a or TGFBR3 to comprehend their combined roles in NPC with the involvement of the TGF-β signaling pathway. RESULTS MiR-18a was highly expressed and TGFBR3 was lowly expressed in NPC cells. MiR-18a restoration, TGFBR3 knockdown or co-culture with miR-18a mimics, or si-TGFBR3-transfected M2 macrophages promoted SUNE-1 cell progression, tumor growth in mice, decreased p-Smad1/t-Smad1, and elevated p-Smad3/t-Smad3. miR-18a downregulation, TGFBR3 overexpression, or co-culture with miR-18a inhibitors or OE-TGFBR3-transfected M2 macrophages depressed CNE2 cell progression, tumor growth in mice, increased p-Smad1/t-Smad1, and decreased p-Smad3/t-Smad3. CONCLUSION Our study elucidates that miR-18a from M2 macrophages results in promoted NPC cell progression and tumor growth in nude mice via TGFBR3 repression, along with the Smad1 inactivation and Smad3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangsheng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huowang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138th Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang She
- 5th Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Liu
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138th Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138th Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - An Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138th Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China.
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Nelson MC, O'Connell RM. MicroRNAs: At the Interface of Metabolic Pathways and Inflammatory Responses by Macrophages. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1797. [PMID: 32922393 PMCID: PMC7456828 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key cells of the innate immune system with functional roles in both homeostatic maintenance of self-tissues and inflammatory responses to external stimuli, including infectious agents. Recent advances in metabolic research have revealed that macrophage functions rely upon coordinated metabolic programs to regulate gene expression, inflammation, and other important cellular processes. Polarized macrophages adjust their use of nutrients such as glucose and amino acids to meet their changing metabolic needs, and this in turn supports the functions of the activated macrophage. Metabolic and inflammatory processes have been widely studied, and a crucial role for their regulation at the post-transcriptional level by microRNAs (miRNAs) has been identified. miRNAs govern many facets of macrophage biology, including direct targeting of metabolic regulators and inflammatory pathways. This review will integrate emerging data that support an interplay between miRNAs and metabolism during macrophage inflammatory responses, highlighting critical miRNAs and miRNA families. Additionally, we will address the implications of these networks for human disease and discuss emerging areas of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan C Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Immune and central nervous system-related miRNAs expression profiling in monocytes of multiple sclerosis patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6125. [PMID: 32273558 PMCID: PMC7145856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognized that monocytes-macrophages adopt a wide variety of phenotypes, influencing the inflammatory activity and demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, how the phenotype of human monocytes evolves in the course of MS is largely unknown. The aim of our preliminary study was to analyse in monocytes of relapsing-remitting and progressive forms of MS patients the expression of a set of miRNAs which impact monocyte-macrophage immune function and their communication with brain cells. Quantitative PCR showed that miRNAs with anti-inflammatory functions, which promote pro-regenerative polarization, are increased in MS patients, while pro-inflammatory miR-155 is downregulated in the same patients. These changes may indicate the attempt of monocytes to counteract neuroinflammation. miR-124, an anti-inflammatory marker but also of myeloid cell quiescence was strongly downregulated, especially in progressive MS patients, suggesting complete loss of homeostatic monocyte function in the progressive disease phase. Profiling of miRNAs that control monocyte polarization may help to define not only the activation state of monocytes in the course of the disease but also novel pathogenic mechanisms.
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Liu S, Chen J, Shi J, Zhou W, Wang L, Fang W, Zhong Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Sabri A, Liu S. M1-like macrophage-derived exosomes suppress angiogenesis and exacerbate cardiac dysfunction in a myocardial infarction microenvironment. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:22. [PMID: 32112145 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0781-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The roles and the underlying mechanisms of M1-type macrophages in angiogenesis and postmyocardial infarction (MI) cardiac repair have remained unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of M1-like macrophage-derived exosomes in a MI microenvironment. We found that the proinflammatory M1-like-type macrophages released an extensive array of proinflammatory exosomes (M1-Exos) after MI. M1-Exos exerted an anti-angiogenic effect and accelerated MI injury. They also exhibited highly expressed proinflammatory miRNAs, such as miR-155. miR-155 was transferred to endothelial cells (ECs), leading to the inhibition of angiogenesis and cardiac dysfunction by downregulating its novel target genes, including Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1), p21 (RAC1)-activated kinase 2 (PAK2), Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), and protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 (AMPKα2). M1-Exos depressed Sirt1/AMPKα2-endothelial nitric oxide synthase and RAC1-PAK2 signaling pathways by simultaneously targeting the five molecule nodes (genes), reduced the angiogenic ability of ECs, aggravated myocardial injury, and restrained cardiac healing. The elucidation of this mechanism provides novel insights into the functional significance of M1 macrophages and their derived exosomes on angiogenesis and cardiac repair. This mechanism can be used as a novel potential therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Shi
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyi Zhou
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilun Fang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhong
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Abdelkarim Sabri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, MERB 1045, 3500 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Shiming Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Herdoiza Padilla E, Crauwels P, Bergner T, Wiederspohn N, Förstner S, Rinas R, Ruf A, Kleemann M, Handrick R, Tuckermann J, Otte K, Walther P, Riedel CU. mir-124-5p Regulates Phagocytosis of Human Macrophages by Targeting the Actin Cytoskeleton via the ARP2/3 Complex. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2210. [PMID: 31636629 PMCID: PMC6787173 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is a cellular process crucial for recognition and removal of apoptotic cells and foreign particles, subsequently initiating appropriate immune responses. The process of phagocytosis is highly complex and involves major rearrangements of the cytoskeleton. Due to its complexity and importance for tissue homoeostasis and immune responses, it is tightly regulated. Over the last decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of biological pathways including the immune response by fine-tuning expression of gene regulatory networks. In order to identify miRNAs implicated in the regulation of phagocytosis, a systematic screening of all currently known, human miRNAs was performed using THP-1 macrophage-like cells and serum-opsonized latex beads. Of the total of 2,566 miRNAs analyzed, several led to significant changes in phagocytosis. Among these, we validated miR-124-5p as a novel regulator of phagocytosis. Transfection with miR-124-5p mimics reduced the number of phagocytic cells as well as the phagocytic activity of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-activated THP-1 cells and ex vivo differentiated primary human macrophages. In silico analysis suggested that miR-124-5p targets genes involved in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Transcriptional analyses revealed that expression of genes encoding for several subunits of the ARP2/3 complex, a crucial regulator of actin polymerization, is reduced upon transfection of cells with miR-124-5p. Further in silico analyses identified potential binding motifs for miR-124-5p in the mRNAs of these genes. Luciferase reporter assays using these binding motifs indicate that at least two of the genes (ARPC3 and ARPC4) are direct targets of miR-124-5p. Moreover, ARPC3 and ARPC4 protein levels were significantly reduced following miR-124-5p transfection. Collectively, the presented results suggest that miR-124-5p regulates phagocytosis in human macrophages by directly targeting expression of components of the ARP2/3 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Crauwels
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tim Bergner
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicole Wiederspohn
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabrina Förstner
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rinas
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Ruf
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Kleemann
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
| | - René Handrick
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kerstin Otte
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian U Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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