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Oliveira LS, Goel S, Amreen K, Lucena-Silva N, Oliveira MDL, Andrade CAS. Microfluid biosensor for detection of hpv in patient scraping samples: Determining E6 and E7 oncogenes. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 160:108795. [PMID: 39146929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
E6 and E7 oncogenes are pivotal in the carcinogenic transformation in HPV infections and efficient diagnostic methods can ensure the detection and differentiation of HPV genotype. This study describes the development and validation of an electrochemical, label-free genosensor coupled with a microfluidic system for detecting the E6 and E7 oncogenes in cervical scraping samples. The nanostructuring employed was based on a cysteine and graphene quantum dots layer that provides functional groups, surface area, and interesting electrochemical properties. Biorecognition tests with cervical scraping samples showed differentiation in the voltammetric response. Low-risk HPV exhibited a lower biorecognition response, reflected in ΔI% values of 82.33 % ± 0.29 for HPV06 and 80.65 % ± 0.68 for HPV11 at a dilution of 1:100. Meanwhile, high-risk, HPV16 and HPV18, demonstrated ΔI% values of 96.65 % ± 1.27 and 93 % ± 0.026, respectively, at the same dilution. Therefore, the biorecognition intensity followed the order: HPV16 >HPV18 >HPV06 >HPV11. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification of E6E7 microfluidic LOC-Genosensor was 26 fM, and 79.6 fM. Consequently, the E6E7 biosensor is a valuable alternative for clinical HPV diagnosis, capable of detecting the potential for oncogenic progression even in the early stages of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léony S Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Biodispositivos Nanoestruturados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Sanket Goel
- MEMS, Microfluidics and Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Khairunnisa Amreen
- MEMS, Microfluidics and Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Norma Lucena-Silva
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), 50070-550 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Maria D L Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Biodispositivos Nanoestruturados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Cesar A S Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Biodispositivos Nanoestruturados, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil.
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2
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Yan S, Liu Q, Liang B, Zhang M, Chen W, Zhang D, Wang C, Xing D. Airborne microbes: sampling, detection, and inactivation. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-35. [PMID: 39128871 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2377191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The human living environment serves as a habitat for microorganisms and the presence of ubiquitous airborne microbes significantly impacts the natural material cycle. Through ongoing experimentation with beneficial microorganisms, humans have greatly benefited from airborne microbes. However, airborne pathogens endanger human health and have the potential to induce fatal diseases. Tracking airborne microbes is a critical prerequisite for a better understanding of bioaerosols, harnessing their potential advantages, and mitigating associated risks. Although technological breakthroughs have enabled significant advancements in accurately monitoring airborne pathogens, many puzzles about these microbes remain unanswered due to their high variability and environmental diffusibility. Consequently, advanced techniques and strategies for special identification, early warning, and efficient eradication of microbial contamination are continuously being sought. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the research status of airborne microbes, concentrating on the recent advances and challenges in sampling, detection, and inactivation. Particularly, the fundamental design principles for the collection and timely detection of airborne pathogens are described in detail, as well as critical factors for eliminating microbial contamination and enhancing indoor air quality. In addition, future research directions and perspectives for controlling airborne microbes are also suggested to promote the translation of basic research into real products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Yan
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daijun Zhang
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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3
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Khan MQ, Khan J, Alvi MAH, Nawaz H, Fahad M, Umar M. Nanomaterial-based sensors for microbe detection: a review. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:120. [PMID: 39080121 PMCID: PMC11289191 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Airborne microorganisms pose a significant health threat, causing various illnesses. Traditional detection methods are often slow and complex. This review highlights the potential of nanomaterial-based biosensors, particularly colorimetric sensors, for rapid and on-site detection of airborne microbes. Colorimetric sensors offer real-time visual detection without complex instrumentation. We explore the integration of these sensors with Lab-on-a-Chip technology using PDMS microfluidics. This review also proposes a novel PDMS-based colorimetric biosensor for real-time detection of airborne microbes. The sensor utilizes a color change phenomenon easily observable with the naked eye, simplifying analysis and potentially enabling point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qamar Khan
- Department of Textile Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Jahangir Khan
- Department of Textile Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas Haider Alvi
- Department of Textile Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hifza Nawaz
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Muhammad Fahad
- Department of Textile Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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4
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Wang Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Zhang K, Zhang D, Zheng L. Advancing Microfluidic Immunity Testing Systems: New Trends for Microbial Pathogen Detection. Molecules 2024; 29:3322. [PMID: 39064900 PMCID: PMC11279515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic microorganisms play a crucial role in the global disease burden due to their ability to cause various diseases and spread through multiple transmission routes. Immunity tests identify antigens related to these pathogens, thereby confirming past infections and monitoring the host's immune response. Traditional pathogen detection methods, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIAs), are often labor-intensive, slow, and reliant on sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel, which can be limiting in resource-poor settings. In contrast, the development of microfluidic technologies presents a promising alternative, offering automation, miniaturization, and cost efficiency. These advanced methods are poised to replace traditional assays by streamlining processes and enabling rapid, high-throughput immunity testing for pathogens. This review highlights the latest advancements in microfluidic systems designed for rapid and high-throughput immunity testing, incorporating immunosensors, single molecule arrays (Simoas), a lateral flow assay (LFA), and smartphone integration. It focuses on key pathogenic microorganisms such as SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and the ZIKA virus (ZIKV). Additionally, the review discusses the challenges, commercialization prospects, and future directions to advance microfluidic systems for infectious disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jingwei Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yule Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhijin Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Kaihuan Zhang
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lulu Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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5
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Singh N, Kaushik A, Ghori I, Rai P, Dong L, Sharma A, Malhotra BD, John R. Electrochemical and Plasmonic Detection of Myocardial Infarction Using Microfluidic Biochip Incorporated with Mesoporous Nanoscaffolds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32794-32811. [PMID: 38860871 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
This paper reports a microfluidic device for the electrochemical and plasmonic detection of cardiac myoglobin (cMb) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) with noticeable limits of detection (LoD) as low as a few picograms per milliliter (pg/mL) ranges, achieved in a short detection time. The device features two working electrodes, each with a mesoporous Ni3V2O8 nanoscaffold grafted with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) that improves the interaction of diffusing analyte molecules with the sensing surface by providing a high surface area and reaction kinetics. Electrochemical studies reveal sensitivities as high as 9.68 μA ng/mL and a LoD of 2.0 pg/mL for cTnI, and 8.98 μA ng/mL and 4.7 pg/mL for cMb. Additionally, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies demonstrate a low-level LoD of 8.8 pg/mL for cMb and 7.3 pg/mL for cTnI. The dual-modality sensor enables dynamic tracking of kinetic antigen-antibody interactions during sensing, self-verification through providing signals of two modes, and reduced false readout. This study demonstrates the complementary nature of the electrochemical and SPR modes in biosensing, with the electrochemical mode being highly sensitive and the SPR mode providing superior tracking of molecular recognition behaviors. The presented sensor represents a significant innovation in cardiovascular disease management and can be applied to monitor other clinically important biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawab Singh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad 502284, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, Florida 33805, United States
| | - Inayathullah Ghori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad 502284, India
| | - Prabhakar Rai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Bansi D Malhotra
- Environment & Biomedical Metrology Section, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Renu John
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad 502284, India
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6
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Tian Y, Dong L. On-The-Spot Sampling and Detection of Viral Particles on Solid Surfaces Using a Sponge Virus Sensor Incorporated with Finger-Press Fluid Release. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1978-1991. [PMID: 38564767 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents a sponge-based electrochemical sensor for rapid, on-site collection and analysis of infectious viruses on solid surfaces. The device utilizes a conducting porous sponge modified with graphene, graphene oxide, and specific antibodies. The sponge serves as a hydrophilic porous electrode capable of liquid collection and electrochemical measurements. The device operation involves spraying an aqueous solution on a target surface, swiping the misted surface using the sponge, discharging an electrolyte solution with a simple finger press, and performing in situ incubation and electrochemical measurements. By leveraging the water-absorbing ability of the biofunctionalized conducting sponge, the sensor can effectively collect and quantify virus particles from the surface. The portability of the device is enhanced by introducing a push-release feature that dispenses the liquid electrolyte from a miniature reservoir onto the sensor surface. This reservoir has sharp edges to rupture a liquid sealing film with a finger press. The ability of the device to sample and quantify viral particles is demonstrated by using influenza A virus as the model. The sensor provided a calculated limit of detection of 0.4 TCID50/mL for H1N1 virus, along with a practical concentration range from 1-106 TCID50/mL. Additionally, it achieves a 15% collection efficiency from single-run swiping on a tabletop surface. This versatile device allows for convenient on-site virus detection within minutes, eliminating the need for sample pretreatment and simplifying the entire sample collecting and measuring process. This device presents significant potential for rapid virus detection on solid surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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7
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Louw CJ, de Haan P, Verpoorte E, Baker P. Efficient Electrochemiluminescence Sensing in Microfluidic Biosensors: A Review. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 52:41-62. [PMID: 38523440 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2023049565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices are capable of handling 10-9 L to 10-18 L of fluids by incorporating tiny channels with dimensions of ten to hundreds of micrometers, and they can be fabricated using a wide range of materials including glass, silicon, polymers, paper, and cloth for tailored sensing applications. Microfluidic biosensors integrated with detection methods such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL) can be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Coupled with ECL, these tandem devices are capable of sensing biomarkers at nanomolar to picomolar concentrations, reproducibly. Measurement at this low level of concentration makes microfluidic electrochemiluminescence (MF-ECL) devices ideal for biomarker detection in the context of early warning systems for diseases such as myocardial infarction, cancer, and others. However, the technology relies on the nature and inherent characteristics of an efficient luminophore. The luminophore typically undergoes a redox process to generate excited species which emit energy in the form of light upon relaxation to lower energy states. Therefore, in biosensor design the efficiency of the luminophore is critical. This review is focused on the integration of microfluidic devices with biosensors and using electrochemiluminescence as a detection method. We highlight the dual role of carbon quantum dots as a luminophore and co-reactant in electrochemiluminescence analysis, drawing on their unique properties that include large specific surface area, easy functionalization, and unique luminescent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Juliat Louw
- SensorLab, Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pim de Haan
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Verpoorte
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Priscilla Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape Bellville, 7535, Republic of South Africa
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8
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Zhdanov DD, Ivin YY, Shishparenok AN, Kraevskiy SV, Kanashenko SL, Agafonova LE, Shumyantseva VV, Gnedenko OV, Pinyaeva AN, Kovpak AA, Ishmukhametov AA, Archakov AI. Perspectives for the creation of a new type of vaccine preparations based on pseudovirus particles using polio vaccine as an example. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:253-280. [PMID: 37937429 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236905253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Traditional antiviral vaccines are currently created by inactivating the virus chemically, most often using formaldehyde or β-propiolactone. These approaches are not optimal since they negatively affect the safety of the antigenic determinants of the inactivated particles and require additional purification stages. The most promising platforms for creating vaccines are based on pseudoviruses, i.e., viruses that have completely preserved the outer shell (capsid), while losing the ability to reproduce owing to the destruction of the genome. The irradiation of viruses with electron beam is the optimal way to create pseudoviral particles. In this review, with the example of the poliovirus, the main algorithms that can be applied to characterize pseudoviral particles functionally and structurally in the process of creating a vaccine preparation are presented. These algorithms are, namely, the analysis of the degree of genome destruction and coimmunogenicity. The structure of the poliovirus and methods of its inactivation are considered. Methods for assessing residual infectivity and immunogenicity are proposed for the functional characterization of pseudoviruses. Genome integrity analysis approaches, atomic force and electron microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, and bioelectrochemical methods are crucial to structural characterization of the pseudovirus particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Zhdanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu Yu Ivin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - V V Shumyantseva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Gnedenko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Pinyaeva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Kovpak
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Ishmukhametov
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Zhu X, Kim TY, Kim SM, Luo K, Lim MC. Recent Advances in Biosensor Development for the Detection of Viral Particles in Foods: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15942-15953. [PMID: 37862248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Viral foodborne diseases cause serious harm to human health and the economy. Rapid, accurate, and convenient approaches for detecting foodborne viruses are crucial for preventing diseases. Biosensors integrating electrochemical and optical properties of nanomaterials have emerged as effective tools for the detection of viruses in foods. However, they still face several challenges, including substantial sample preparation and relatively poor sensitivity due to complex food matrices, which limit their field applications. Hence, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent advances in biosensing techniques, including electrochemical, SERS-based, and colorimetric biosensors, for detecting viral particles in food samples, with emerging techniques for extraction/concentration of virus particles from food samples. Moreover, the principle, design, and advantages/disadvantages of each biosensing method are comprehensively described. This review covers the recent development of rapid and sensitive biosensors that can be used as new standards for monitoring food safety and food quality in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tai-Yong Kim
- Research Group of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Min Kim
- Research Group of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Ke Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Cheol Lim
- Research Group of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si 34113, Republic of Korea
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10
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Ficek M, Cieślik M, Janik M, Brodowski M, Sawczak M, Bogdanowicz R, Ryl J. Boron-doped diamond nanosheet volume-enriched screen-printed carbon electrodes: a platform for electroanalytical and impedimetric biosensor applications. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:410. [PMID: 37736868 PMCID: PMC10516795 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05991-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of a novel electrode based on boron-doped diamond nanosheet full-volume-enriched screen-printed carbon electrodes (BDDPE) for use as an impedimetric biosensor. Impedimetric biosensors offer high sensitivity and selectivity for virus detection, but their use as point-of-care devices is limited by the complexity of nanomaterials' architecture and the receptor immobilisation procedures. The study presents a two-step modification process involving the electroreduction of diazonium salt at the BDDPE and the immobilisation of antibodies using zero-length cross-linkers for a selective impedimetric biosensor of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi). The incorporation of diamond nanosheets into BDDPE leads to enhanced charge transfer and electrochemical behaviour, demonstrating greatly improved electrochemically active surface area compared with unmodified screen-printed electrodes (by 44% and 10% on average for [Ru(NH3)6]Cl2 and K3[Fe(CN)6], respectively). The presented sensing system shows high specificity towards protein D in Hi bacteria, as confirmed by negative controls against potential interference from other pathogens, with an estimated tolerance limit for interference under 12%. The Hi limit of detection by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was 1 CFU/mL (measured at - 0.13 V vs BDDPE pseudo-reference), which was achieved in under 10 min, including 5 min sample incubation in the presence of the analyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Ficek
- Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cieślik
- Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Monika Janik
- Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
- Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Brodowski
- Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mirosław Sawczak
- Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Robert Bogdanowicz
- Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
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11
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Lazarev S, Uzhviyuk S, Rayev M, Timganova V, Bochkova M, Khaziakhmatova O, Malashchenko V, Litvinova L, Zamorina S. Interaction of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Visualized in the Cell-IQ System. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104148. [PMID: 37241889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide is a promising nanomaterial with many potential applications. However, before it can be widely used in areas such as drug delivery and medical diagnostics, its influence on various cell populations in the human body must be studied to ensure its safety. We investigated the interaction of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in the Cell-IQ system, evaluating cell viability, mobility, and growth rate. GO nanoparticles of different sizes coated with linear or branched polyethylene glycol (P or bP, respectively) were used at concentrations of 5 and 25 μg/mL. Designations were the following: P-GOs (Ø 184 ± 73 nm), bP-GOs (Ø 287 ± 52 nm), P-GOb (Ø 569 ± 14 nm), and bP-GOb (Ø 1376 ± 48 nm). After incubating the cells with all types of nanoparticles for 24 h, the internalization of the nanoparticles by the cells was observed. We found that all GO nanoparticles used in this study exerted a cytotoxic effect on hMSCs when used at a high concentration (25 μg/mL), whereas at a low concentration (5 μg/mL) a cytotoxic effect was observed only for bP-GOb particles. We also found that P-GOs particles decreased cell mobility at a concentration of 25 μg/mL, whereas bP-GOb particles increased it. Larger particles (P-GOb and bP-GOb) increased the rate of movement of hMSCs regardless of concentration. There were no statistically significant differences in the growth rate of cells compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Lazarev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Sofya Uzhviyuk
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Mikhail Rayev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Valeria Timganova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Maria Bochkova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Vladimir Malashchenko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Svetlana Zamorina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
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12
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Trafela Š, Krishnamurthy A, Soderžnik KŽ, Kavčič U, Karlovits I, Klopčič B, Šturm S, Žužek K. IoT Electrochemical Sensor with Integrated Ni(OH) 2-Ni Nanowires for Detecting Formaldehyde in Tap Water. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4676. [PMID: 37430588 DOI: 10.3390/s23104676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Simple, low-cost methods for sensing volatile organic compounds that leave no trace and do not have a detrimental effect on the environment are able to protect communities from the impacts of contaminants in water supplies. This paper reports the development of a portable, autonomous, Internet of Things (IoT) electrochemical sensor for detecting formaldehyde in tap water. The sensor is assembled from electronics, i.e., a custom-designed sensor platform and developed HCHO detection system based on Ni(OH)2-Ni nanowires (NWs) and synthetic-paper-based, screen-printed electrodes (pSPEs). The sensor platform, consisting of the IoT technology, a Wi-Fi communication system, and a miniaturized potentiostat can be easily connected to the Ni(OH)2-Ni NWs and pSPEs via a three-terminal electrode. The custom-made sensor, which has a detection capability of 0.8 µM/24 ppb, was tested for an amperometric determination of the HCHO in deionized (DI) and tap-water-based alkaline electrolytes. This promising concept of an electrochemical IoT sensor that is easy to operate, rapid, and affordable (it is considerably cheaper than any lab-grade potentiostat) could lead to the straightforward detection of HCHO in tap water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Špela Trafela
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Abhilash Krishnamurthy
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Žagar Soderžnik
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urška Kavčič
- Pulp and Paper Institute, Bogišićeva 8, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Karlovits
- Pulp and Paper Institute, Bogišićeva 8, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Beno Klopčič
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sašo Šturm
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Žužek
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova c. 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Yadav AK, Verma D, Kumar A, Bhatt AN, Solanki PR. Biocompatible epoxysilane substituted polymer-based nano biosensing platform for label-free detection of cancer biomarker SP17 in patient serum samples. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124325. [PMID: 37054852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the results of the studies relating to developing a simple, sensitive, cost-effective, and disposable electrochemical-based label-free immunosensor for real-time detection of a new cancer biomarker, sperm protein-17 (SP17), in complex serum samples. An indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate modified with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) was functionalized via covalent immobilization of monoclonal anti-SP17 antibodies using EDC(1-(3-(dimethylamine)-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride) - NHS (N-hydroxy succinimide) chemistry. The developed immunosensor platform (BSA/anti-SP17/GPTMS@SAMs/ITO) was characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle (CA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic, and electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The fabricated BSA/anti-SP17/GPTMS@SAMs/ITO immunoelectrode platform was used to measure changes in the magnitude of the current of the electrodes through an electrochemical CV and DPV technique. A calibration curve between current and SP17 concentrations exhibited a broad linear detection range of (100-6000 & 50-5500 pg mL-1), with enhanced sensitivity (0.047 & 0.024 μA pg mL-1 cm-2), limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 47.57 & 142.9 pg mL-1 and 158.58 & 476.3 pg mL-1, by CV and DPV technique, respectively with a rapid response time of 15 min. It possessed exceptional repeatability, outstanding reproducibility, five-time reusability, and high stability. The biosensor's performance was evaluated in human serum samples, giving satisfactory findings obtained via the commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, proving the clinical applicability for early diagnosis of cancer patients. Moreover, various in vitro studies in murine fibroblast cell line L929 have been performed to assess the cytotoxicity of GPTMS. The results demonstrated that GPTMS has excellent biocompatibility and can be used for biosensor fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Yadav
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Damini Verma
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, New Delhi, India
| | - Anant Narayan Bhatt
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratima R Solanki
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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14
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Nguyen TH, Nguyen HA, Tran Thi YV, Hoang Tran D, Cao H, Chu Duc T, Bui TT, Do Quang L. Concepts, electrode configuration, characterization, and data analytics of electric and electrochemical microfluidic platforms: a review. Analyst 2023; 148:1912-1929. [PMID: 36928639 DOI: 10.1039/d2an02027k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic cytometry (MC) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are two important techniques in biomedical engineering. Microfluidic cytometry has been utilized in various fields such as stem cell differentiation and cancer metastasis studies, and provides a simple, label-free, real-time method for characterizing and monitoring cellular fates. The impedance microdevice, including impedance flow cytometry (IFC) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), is integrated into MC systems. IFC measures the impedance of individual cells as they flow through a microfluidic device, while EIS measures impedance changes during binding events on electrode regions. There have been significant efforts to improve and optimize these devices for both basic research and clinical applications, based on the concepts, electrode configurations, and cell fates. This review outlines the theoretical concepts, electrode engineering, and data analytics of these devices, and highlights future directions for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Hang Nguyen
- University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | | | - Y-Van Tran Thi
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | | | - Hung Cao
- University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Trinh Chu Duc
- University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Tung Thanh Bui
- University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Loc Do Quang
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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15
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Dutta R, Rajendran K, Jana SK, Saleena LM, Ghorai S. Use of Graphene and Its Derivatives for the Detection of Dengue Virus. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:349. [PMID: 36979561 PMCID: PMC10046626 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Every year, the dengue virus and its principal mosquito vector, Aedes sp., have caused massive outbreaks, primarily in equatorial countries. The pre-existing techniques available for dengue detection are expensive and require trained personnel. Graphene and its derivatives have remarkable properties of electrical and thermal conductivity, and are flexible, light, and biocompatible, making them ideal platforms for biosensor development. The incorporation of these materials, along with appropriate nanomaterials, improves the quality of detection methods. Graphene can help overcome the difficulties associated with conventional techniques. In this review, we have given comprehensive details on current graphene-based diagnostics for dengue virus detection. We have also discussed state-of-the-art biosensing technologies and evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshmi Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Kokilavani Rajendran
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Arunachal Pradesh 791109, India
| | - Saikat Kumar Jana
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Arunachal Pradesh 791109, India
| | - Lilly M. Saleena
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Suvankar Ghorai
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj 733134, India
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16
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Ang PC, Perumal V, Ibrahim MNM, Adnan R, Mohd Azman DK, Gopinath SCB, Raja PB. Electrochemical biosensor detection on respiratory and flaviviruses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1503-1513. [PMID: 36719432 PMCID: PMC9887245 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Viruses have spread throughout the world and cause acute illness or death among millions of people. There is a growing concern about methods to control and combat early-stage viral infections to prevent the significant public health problem. However, conventional detection methods like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) requires sample purification and are time-consuming for further clinical diagnosis. Hence, establishing a portable device for rapid detection with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity for the specific virus to prevent further spread becomes an urgent need. Many research groups are focusing on the potential of the electrochemical sensor to become a key for developing point-of-care (POC) technologies for clinical analysis because it can solve most of the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods. Herein, this review discusses the current development of electrochemical sensors for the detection of respiratory virus infections and flaviviruses over the past 10 years. Trends in future perspectives in rapid clinical detection sensors on viruses are also discussed. KEY POINTS: • Respiratory related viruses and Flavivirus are being concerned for past decades. • Important to differentiate the cross-reactivity between the virus in same family. • Electrochemical biosensor as a suitable device to detect viruses with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phaik Ching Ang
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Veeradasan Perumal
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Rohana Adnan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Daruliza Kernain Mohd Azman
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Gelugor, Malaysia
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence (CoE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Pandian Bothi Raja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia.
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17
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Prabhakar PK, Khurana N, Vyas M, Sharma V, Batiha GES, Kaur H, Singh J, Kumar D, Sharma N, Kaushik A, Kumar R. Aspects of Nanotechnology for COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Its Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020451. [PMID: 36839773 PMCID: PMC9960567 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus, a causative agent of the common cold to a much more complicated disease such as "severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV-2), and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)", is a member of the coronaviridae family and contains a positive-sense single-stranded RNA of 26-32 kilobase pairs. COVID-19 has shown very high mortality and morbidity and imparted a significantly impacted socioeconomic status. There are many variants of SARS-CoV-2 that have originated from the mutation of the genetic material of the original coronavirus. This has raised the demand for efficient treatment/therapy to manage newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 infections successfully. However, different types of vaccines have been developed and administered to patients but need more attention because COVID-19 is not under complete control. In this article, currently developed nanotechnology-based vaccines are explored, such as inactivated virus vaccines, mRNA-based vaccines, DNA-based vaccines, S-protein-based vaccines, virus-vectored vaccines, etc. One of the important aspects of vaccines is their administration inside the host body wherein nanotechnology can play a very crucial role. Currently, more than 26 nanotechnology-based COVID-19 vaccine candidates are in various phases of clinical trials. Nanotechnology is one of the growing fields in drug discovery and drug delivery that can also be used for the tackling of coronavirus. Nanotechnology can be used in various ways to design and develop tools and strategies for detection, diagnosis, and therapeutic and vaccine development to protect against COVID-19. The design of instruments for speedy, precise, and sensitive diagnosis, the fabrication of potent sanitizers, the delivery of extracellular antigenic components or mRNA-based vaccines into human tissues, and the administration of antiretroviral medicines into the organism are nanotechnology-based strategies for COVID-19 management. Herein, we discuss the application of nanotechnology in COVID-19 vaccine development and the challenges and opportunities in this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Manish Vyas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Jashanpreet Singh
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Sciences, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (R.K.)
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18
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Patel SK, Surve J, Parmar J, Ahmed K, Bui FM, Al-Zahrani FA. Recent Advances in Biosensors for Detection of COVID-19 and Other Viruses. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 16:22-37. [PMID: 36197867 PMCID: PMC10009816 DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2022.3212038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This century has introduced very deadly, dangerous, and infectious diseases to humankind such as the influenza virus, Ebola virus, Zika virus, and the most infectious SARS-CoV-2 commonly known as COVID-19 and have caused epidemics and pandemics across the globe. For some of these diseases, proper medications, and vaccinations are missing and the early detection of these viruses will be critical to saving the patients. And even the vaccines are available for COVID-19, the new variants of COVID-19 such as Delta, and Omicron are spreading at large. The available virus detection techniques take a long time, are costly, and complex and some of them generates false negative or false positive that might cost patients their lives. The biosensor technique is one of the best qualified to address this difficult challenge. In this systematic review, we have summarized recent advancements in biosensor-based detection of these pandemic viruses including COVID-19. Biosensors are emerging as efficient and economical analytical diagnostic instruments for early-stage illness detection. They are highly suitable for applications related to healthcare, wearable electronics, safety, environment, military, and agriculture. We strongly believe that these insights will aid in the study and development of a new generation of adaptable virus biosensors for fellow researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit K. Patel
- Department of Computer EngineeringMarwadi UniversityRajkot360003India
| | - Jaymit Surve
- Department of Electrical EngineeringMarwadi UniversityRajkot360003India
| | - Juveriya Parmar
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska - LincolnNebraska68588USA
- Department of Electronics and Communication EngineeringMarwadi UniversityRajkot360003India
| | - Kawsar Ahmed
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS79 5A9Canada
- Group of Bio-PhotomatiX, Department of Information and Communication TechnologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversitySantoshTangail1902Bangladesh
| | - Francis M. Bui
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS79 5A9Canada
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19
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Chen YS, Huang CH, Pai PC, Seo J, Lei KF. A Review on Microfluidics-Based Impedance Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010083. [PMID: 36671918 PMCID: PMC9855525 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrical impedance biosensors are powerful and continuously being developed for various biological sensing applications. In this line, the sensitivity of impedance biosensors embedded with microfluidic technologies, such as sheath flow focusing, dielectrophoretic focusing, and interdigitated electrode arrays, can still be greatly improved. In particular, reagent consumption reduction and analysis time-shortening features can highly increase the analytical capabilities of such biosensors. Moreover, the reliability and efficiency of analyses are benefited by microfluidics-enabled automation. Through the use of mature microfluidic technology, complicated biological processes can be shrunk and integrated into a single microfluidic system (e.g., lab-on-a-chip or micro-total analysis systems). By incorporating electrical impedance biosensors, hand-held and bench-top microfluidic systems can be easily developed and operated by personnel without professional training. Furthermore, the impedance spectrum provides broad information regarding cell size, membrane capacitance, cytoplasmic conductivity, and cytoplasmic permittivity without the need for fluorescent labeling, magnetic modifications, or other cellular treatments. In this review article, a comprehensive summary of microfluidics-based impedance biosensors is presented. The structure of this article is based on the different substrate material categorizations. Moreover, the development trend of microfluidics-based impedance biosensors is discussed, along with difficulties and challenges that may be encountered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shih Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ching Pai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jungmok Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kin Fong Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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20
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Bao Q, Li G, Yang Z, Liu J, Wang H, Pang G, Guo Q, Wei J, Cheng W, Lin L. Electrochemical biosensor based on antibody-modified Au nanoparticles for rapid and sensitive analysis of influenza A virus. IONICS 2023; 29:2021-2029. [PMID: 37073286 PMCID: PMC9995174 DOI: 10.1007/s11581-023-04944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To cope with the easy transmissibility of the avian influenza A virus subtype H1N1, a biosensor was developed for rapid and highly sensitive electrochemical immunoassay. Based on the principle of specific binding between antibody and virus molecules, the active molecule-antibody-adapter structure was formed on the surface of an Au NP substrate electrode; it included a highly specific surface area and good electrochemical activity for selective amplification detection of the H1N1 virus. The electrochemical test results showed that the BSA/H1N1 Ab/Glu/Cys/Au NPs/CP electrode was used for the electrochemical detection of the H1N1 virus with a sensitivity of 92.1 µA (pg/mL)-1 cm2, LOD of 0.25 pg/ml, linear ranges of 0.25-5 pg/mL, and linearity of (R 2 = 0.9846). A convenient H1N1 antibody-based electrochemical electrode for the molecular detection of the H1N1 virus will be of great use in the field of epidemic prevention and raw poultry protection. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11581-023-04944-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Bao
- School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, the State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, the State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Zhengchun Yang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384 China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384 China
| | - Hanjie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Gaoju Pang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Qianjin Guo
- Analysis and Testing Center, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Jun Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Wenbo Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Lin
- School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, the State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072 China
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21
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Development of conducting cellulose paper for electrochemical sensing of procalcitonin. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 190:32. [PMID: 36534199 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical paper-based sensor was developed for the detection of bacterial infection (BI)-specific biomarker procalcitonin (PCT). Reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticles (rGO-AuNP) and poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) were synthesized and were fabricated to a disposable, portable, and inexpensive cellulose fiber paper (CFP) substrate. rGO-AuNP-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite-modified conductive paper-based biosensing platform was efficaciously fabricated by a constant and simple coating procedure. rGO-AuNP-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite-modified conductive paper electrode was found to provide a sensitive and conductive substrate for PCT detection. The presence of rGO-AuNP-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite on CFP substate was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction studies. The electrochemical behavior of rGO-AuNP-PEDOT:PSS @CFP surface was studied with impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and chronoamperometry techniques. This low-cost paper-based biosensor has a linear range for PCT of 1 × 103 to 6 × 107 fg mL-1. This developed sensor exhibited good reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of about 3.7%. The proposed CFP-based biosensor has been proven as an accelerated simple point-of-care (POC) exploratory approach for early PCT diagnosis in inadequate areas with limited production facilities, computational techniques, and highly skilled experts.
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Raeisi H, Azimirad M, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Yadegar A, Zali MR. Rapid-format recombinant antibody-based methods for the diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile infection: Recent advances and perspectives. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1043214. [PMID: 36523835 PMCID: PMC9744969 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1043214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile, the most common cause of nosocomial diarrhea, has been continuously reported as a worldwide problem in healthcare settings. Additionally, the emergence of hypervirulent strains of C. difficile has always been a critical concern and led to continuous efforts to develop more accurate diagnostic methods for detection of this recalcitrant pathogen. Currently, the diagnosis of C. difficile infection (CDI) is based on clinical manifestations and laboratory tests for detecting the bacterium and/or its toxins, which exhibit varied sensitivity and specificity. In this regard, development of rapid diagnostic techniques based on antibodies has demonstrated promising results in both research and clinical environments. Recently, application of recombinant antibody (rAb) technologies like phage display has provided a faster and more cost-effective approach for antibody production. The application of rAbs for developing ultrasensitive diagnostic tools ranging from immunoassays to immunosensors, has allowed the researchers to introduce new platforms with high sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, DNA encoding antibodies are directly accessible in these approaches, which enables the application of antibody engineering to increase their sensitivity and specificity. Here, we review the latest studies about the antibody-based ultrasensitive diagnostic platforms for detection of C. difficile bacteria, with an emphasis on rAb technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Raeisi
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Azimirad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Braz BA, Hospinal-Santiani M, Martins G, Pinto CS, Zarbin AJG, Beirão BCB, Thomaz-Soccol V, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH, Soccol CR. Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12100885. [PMID: 36291021 PMCID: PMC9599560 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of immunosensors to detect antibodies or antigens has stood out in the face of traditional methods for diagnosing emerging diseases such as the one caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study reports the construction of a simplified electrochemical immunosensor using a graphene-binding peptide applied as a recognition site to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. A screen-printed electrode was used for sensor preparation by adding a solution of peptide and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The peptide-rGO suspension was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electrochemical characterization (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy-EIS, cyclic voltammetry-CV and differential pulse voltammetry-DPV) was performed on the modified electrode. The immunosensor response is based on the decrease in the faradaic signal of an electrochemical probe resulting from immunocomplex formation. Using the best set of experimental conditions, the analytic curve obtained showed a good linear regression (r2 = 0.913) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.77 μg mL-1 for antibody detection. The CV and EIS results proved the efficiency of device assembly. The high selectivity of the platform, which can be attributed to the peptide, was demonstrated by the decrease in the current percentage for samples with antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 S protein and the increase in the other antibodies tested. Additionally, the DPV measurements showed a clearly distinguishable response in assays against human serum samples, with sera with a response above 95% being considered negative, whereas responses below this value were considered positive. The diagnostic platform developed with specific peptides is promising and has the potential for application in the diagnosis of other infections that lead to high antibody titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A. Braz
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Manuel Hospinal-Santiani
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Martins
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristian S. Pinto
- Materials Chemistry Group (GQM), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Aldo J. G. Zarbin
- Materials Chemistry Group (GQM), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Breno C. B. Beirão
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Parasitology, and Pathology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz-Soccol
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Márcio F. Bergamini
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. Soccol
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
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Markandan K, Tiong YW, Sankaran R, Subramanian S, Markandan UD, Chaudhary V, Numan A, Khalid M, Walvekar R. Emergence of infectious diseases and role of advanced nanomaterials in point-of-care diagnostics: a review. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022:1-89. [PMID: 36243900 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2127070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Infectious outbreaks are the foremost global public health concern, challenging the current healthcare system, which claims millions of lives annually. The most crucial way to control an infectious outbreak is by early detection through point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. POC diagnostics are highly advantageous owing to the prompt diagnosis, which is economical, simple and highly efficient with remote access capabilities. In particular, utilization of nanomaterials to architect POC devices has enabled highly integrated and portable (compact) devices with enhanced efficiency. As such, this review will detail the factors influencing the emergence of infectious diseases and methods for fast and accurate detection, thus elucidating the underlying factors of these infections. Furthermore, it comprehensively highlights the importance of different nanomaterials in POCs to detect nucleic acid, whole pathogens, proteins and antibody detection systems. Finally, we summarize findings reported on nanomaterials based on advanced POCs such as lab-on-chip, lab-on-disc-devices, point-of-action and hospital-on-chip. To this end, we discuss the challenges, potential solutions, prospects of integrating internet-of-things, artificial intelligence, 5G communications and data clouding to achieve intelligent POCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaimani Markandan
- Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Drive, Singapore
- Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yong Wei Tiong
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Engineering Drive, Singapore
| | - Revathy Sankaran
- Graduate School, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sakthinathan Subramanian
- Department of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology (NTUT), Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Vishal Chaudhary
- Research Cell & Department of Physics, Bhagini Nivedita College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arshid Numan
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering (SMS2E) Research Cluster School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering (SMS2E) Research Cluster School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rashmi Walvekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
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25
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Kwee Y, Zhou Y, Fahmi MZ, Sharon M, Kristanti AN. Progress on Applying Carbon Dots for Inhibition of RNA Virus Infection. Nanotheranostics 2022; 6:436-450. [PMID: 36051856 PMCID: PMC9428922 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.73918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection is a globally leading health issue. Annually, new lethal RNA viruses unexpectedly emerged and mutated threatening health and safety. Meanwhile, it is urgent to explore novel antiviral agents, which, however, takes years to be clinically available. Nonetheless, the development of carbon dots (CDs) in the past 20 years has exhibited their vast application potentials and revealed their promising capacity as future antiviral agents considering their versatile properties and significant antiviral responses. Thus, CDs have been widely investigated as an alternative of traditional chemotherapy for inhibiting viral infection and replication in vitro. Meanwhile, attempts to apply CDs to in vivo systems are in high demand. In this review, recent developments of CDs-based antiviral therapies are systematically summarized. Furthermore, the role of CDs in photodynamic inactivation to kill viruses or bacteria is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaung Kwee
- Department of Chemistry, Pakokku University, Myaing Road, Pakokku 90401, Myanmar
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Mochamad Zakki Fahmi
- Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.,Supramodification Nano-micro Engineering Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Madhuri Sharon
- Research Director at Walchand Center for Research in Nanotechnology and Bionanotechnology, Walchand College of Arts and Science, W. H. Road, Ashok Chowk, Solapur 413006, India
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26
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Gautam V, Kumar R, Jain VK, Nagpal S. An overview of advancement in aptasensors for influenza detection. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2022; 22:705-724. [PMID: 35994712 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2022.2116276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The platforms for early identification of infectious diseases such as influenza has seen a surge in recent years as delayed diagnosis of such infections can lead to dreadful effects causing large numbers of deaths. The time taken in detection of an infectious disease may vary from a few days to a few weeks depending upon the choice of the techniques. So, there is an urgent need for advanced methodologies for early diagnosis of the influenza. AREAS COVERED The emergence of "Aptasensor" synergistically with biosensors for diagnosis has opened a new era for sensitive, selective and early detection approaches. This review described various conventional as well as advanced methods based on artificial immunogenic nucleotide sequences complementing a part of the virus, i.e., aptamers based aptasensors for influenza diagnosis and the challenges faced in their commercialization. EXPERT OPINION Although numerous traditional methods are available for influenza detection but mostly associated with low sensitivity, specificity, high cost, trained personnel, and animals required for virus culture/ antibody raising as the major drawbacks. Aptamers can be manufactured invitro as 'chemical antibodies' at commercial level, no animal required. Following these advantages, aptamers can pave the way for an efficient diagnostic technique as compared to other existing conventional methods..
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Gautam
- Amity Institute for Advanced Research and Studies (Materials & Devices), Amity University, Noida India, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indira Gandhi University, Meerpur, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Jain
- Amity Institute for Advanced Research and Studies (Materials & Devices), Amity University, Noida India, India
| | - Suman Nagpal
- Department of Environmental sciences, Indira Gandhi University, Meerpur, India
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27
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Ebrahimi G, Samadi Pakchin P, Shamloo A, Mota A, de la Guardia M, Omidian H, Omidi Y. Label-free electrochemical microfluidic biosensors: futuristic point-of-care analytical devices for monitoring diseases. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:252. [PMID: 35687204 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The integration of microfluidics with electrochemical analysis has resulted in the development of single miniaturized detection systems, which allows the precise control of sample volume with multianalyte detection capability in a cost- and time-effective manner. Microfluidic electrochemical sensing devices (MESDs) can potentially serve as precise sensing and monitoring systems for the detection of molecular markers in various detrimental diseases. MESDs offer several advantages, including (i) automated sample preparation and detection, (ii) low sample and reagent requirement, (iii) detection of multianalyte in a single run, (iv) multiplex analysis in a single integrated device, and (v) portability with simplicity in application and disposability. Label-free MESDs can serve an affordable real-time detection with a simple analysis in a short processing time, providing point-of-care diagnosis/detection possibilities in precision medicine, and environmental analysis. In the current review, we elaborate on label-free microfluidic biosensors, provide comprehensive insights into electrochemical detection techniques, and discuss the principles of label-free microfluidic-based sensing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Ebrahimi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Samadi Pakchin
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Shamloo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mota
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Omidian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA.
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28
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Mittal D, Ali SA. Use of Nanomaterials for Diagnosis and Treatment: The Advancement of Next-Generation Antiviral Therapy. Microb Drug Resist 2022; 28:670-697. [PMID: 35696335 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2021.0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, viral illness propagation is the leading cause of morbidity and death, causing wreaking havoc on socioeconomic development and health care systems. The rise of infected individuals has outpaced the existing critical care facilities. Early and sophisticated methods are desperately required in this respect to halt the spread of the infection. Therefore, early detection of infectious agents and an early treatment approach may help minimize viral outbreaks. Conventional point-of-care diagnostic techniques such as computed tomography scan, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), X-ray, and immunoassay are still deemed valuable. However, the labor demanding, low sensitivity, and complex infrastructure needed for these methods preclude their use in distant areas. Nanotechnology has emerged as a potentially transformative technology due to its promise as an effective theranostic platform for diagnosing and treating viral infection, circumventing the limits of traditional techniques. Their unique physical and chemical characteristics make nanoparticles (NPs) advantageous for drug delivery platforms due to their size, encapsulation efficiency, improved bioavailability, effectiveness, immunogenicity, and antiviral response. This study discusses the recent research on nanotechnology-based treatments designed to combat new viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Mittal
- Nanosafety Lab, Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, Haryana, India
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29
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Abstract
Printing technology promises a viable solution for the low-cost, rapid, flexible, and mass fabrication of biosensors. Among the vast number of printing techniques, screen printing and inkjet printing have been widely adopted for the fabrication of biosensors. Screen printing provides ease of operation and rapid processing; however, it is bound by the effects of viscous inks, high material waste, and the requirement for masks, to name a few. Inkjet printing, on the other hand, is well suited for mass fabrication that takes advantage of computer-aided design software for pattern modifications. Furthermore, being drop-on-demand, it prevents precious material waste and offers high-resolution patterning. To exploit the features of inkjet printing technology, scientists have been keen to use it for the development of biosensors since 1988. A vast number of fully and partially inkjet-printed biosensors have been developed ever since. This study presents a short introduction on the printing technology used for biosensor fabrication in general, and a brief review of the recent reports related to virus, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic biosensor fabrication, via inkjet printing technology in particular.
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30
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An electronic biosensor based on semiconducting tetrazine polymer immobilizing matrix coated on rGO for carcinoembryonic antigen. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3006. [PMID: 35194116 PMCID: PMC8863780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care devices are expected to play very critical roles in early diagnosis and better treatment of cancer. Here, we report the end-to-end development of novel and portable biosensors for detecting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a cancer biomarker, almost instantly at room temperature. The device uses reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the base conducting layer and a novel poly[(1,4-phenylene)-alt-(3,6-(1,2,4,5-tetrazine)/3,6-(1,2,4,5-dihydrotetrazine))] (PhPTz) as an immobilizing matrix for the CEA antibodies. Judiciously introduced nitrogen-rich semiconducting PhPTz brings multiple advantages to the device—(1) efficiently immobilizes anti-CEA via synergistic H-bonding with peptide and N-glycal units and (2) transports the charge density variations, originated upon antibody-antigen interactions, to the rGO layer. The CEA was dropped onto the anti-CEA/PhPTz/rGO devices at ambient conditions, to facilitate binding and the change in current flowing through the sensors was measured. A response of 2.75–33.7 μA was observed when the devices were tested for a broad range of concentrations (0.25 pg/mL to 800 ng/mL) of CEA. A portable read-out circuit was assembled using Arduino UNO and a voltage divider circuit, and a simple algorithm was developed for the classification of the CEA concentrations. The prediction accuracy of the interfacing electronics along with the algorithm was found to be 100%.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Saebfar H, Gholami MH, Hushmandi K, Zabolian A, Bikarannejad P, Hashemi M, Daneshi S, Mirzaei S, Sharifi E, Kumar AP, Khan H, Heydari Sheikh Hossein H, Vosough M, Rabiee N, Thakur Kumar V, Makvandi P, Mishra YK, Tay FR, Wang Y, Zarrabi A, Orive G, Mostafavi E. Doxorubicin-loaded graphene oxide nanocomposites in cancer medicine: Stimuli-responsive carriers, co-delivery and suppressing resistance. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:355-382. [PMID: 35152815 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2041598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The application of doxorubicin (DOX) in cancer therapy has been limited due to its drug resistance and poor internalization. Graphene oxide (GO) nanostructures have the capacity for DOX delivery while promoting its cytotoxicity in cancer. AREAS COVERED The favorable characteristics of GO nanocomposites, preparation method, and application in cancer therapy are described. Then, DOX resistance in cancer is discussed. The GO-mediated photothermal therapy and DOX delivery for cancer suppression are described. Preparation of stimuli-responsive GO nanocomposites, surface functionalization, hybrid nanoparticles, and theranostic applications are emphasized in DOX chemotherapy. EXPERT OPINION Graphene oxide nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy maximizes the anti-cancer activity of DOX against cancer cells. Apart from DOX delivery, GO nanomaterials are capable of loading anti-cancer agents and genetic tools to minimize drug resistance and enhance the cytolytic impact of DOX in cancer eradication. To enhance DOX accumulation in cancer cells, stimuli-responsive (redox-, light-, enzyme- and pH-sensitive) GO nanoparticles have been developed for DOX delivery. Further development of targeted delivery of DOX-loaded GO nanomaterials against cancer cells may be achieved by surface modification of polymers such as polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and chitosan. Doxorubicin-loaded GO nanoparticles have demonstrated theranostic potential for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Hybridization of GO with other nanocarriers such as silica and gold nanoparticles further broadens their potential anti-cancer therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Gholami
- DVM. Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
| | - Pooria Bikarannejad
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838736 Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Vijay Thakur Kumar
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, U.K.,School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interface, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, 6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Franklin R Tay
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHUFundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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32
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Ultrasensitive early detection of insulin antibody employing novel electrochemical nano-biosensor based on controllable electro-fabrication process. Talanta 2022; 238:122947. [PMID: 34857352 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive novel electrochemical nano-biosensor for rapid detection of insulin antibodies against diabetes antigens was developed in this research. The presence of insulin antibodies has been demonstrated to be a strong predictor for the development of type 1 diabetes in individuals who do not have diabetes but are genetically predisposed. The proposed nano-biosensor fabrication process was based on the optimized sequential electropolymerization of polyaniline and electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on the surface of the functionalized gold electrode. The morphological and chemical characterization of the modified electrode was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and micro Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the role of each component in the modification of the electrode was studied by electrochemical methods systematically. After immobilizing insulin antigen and blocking with bovine serum albumin, the nano-biosensor was used for determining different concentrations of insulin antibody under the optimal conditions. This nano-biosensor could respond to insulin antibody with a linear calibration range from 0.001 ng ml-1 to 1000 ng ml-1 with the detection limit of 0.017 pg ml-1 and 0.034 pg ml-1 and selectivity of 18.544 μA ng-1 ml.cm-2 and 31.808 μA ng-1 ml.cm-2 via differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry, respectively. This novel nano-biosensor exhibited a short response time, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility. It was successfully used in determining the insulin antibody in human samples with a standard error of less than 0.178. Therefore, the nano-biosensor has the potential for the application of early detection of type 1 diabetes. To our best knowledge, label-free electrochemical detection of insulin antibody based on immunosensor is developed for the first time.
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Abstract
Cost-effective, rapid, and accurate virus detection technologies play key roles in reducing viral transmission. Prompt and accurate virus detection enables timely treatment and effective quarantine of virus carrier, and therefore effectively reduces the possibility of large-scale spread. However, conventional virus detection techniques often suffer from slow response, high cost or sophisticated procedures. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials have been used as promising sensing platforms for the high-performance detection of a variety of chemical and biological substances. The unique properties of 2D materials, such as large specific area, active surface interaction with biomolecules and facile surface functionalization, provide advantages in developing novel virus detection technologies with fast response and high sensitivity. Furthermore, 2D materials possess versatile and tunable electronic, electrochemical and optical properties, making them ideal platforms to demonstrate conceptual sensing techniques and explore complex sensing mechanisms in next-generation biosensors. In this review, we first briefly summarize the virus detection techniques with an emphasis on the current efforts in fighting again COVID-19. Then, we introduce the preparation methods and properties of 2D materials utilized in biosensors, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and other 2D materials. Furthermore, we discuss the working principles of various virus detection technologies based on emerging 2D materials, such as field-effect transistor-based virus detection, electrochemical virus detection, optical virus detection and other virus detection techniques. Then, we elaborate on the essential works in 2D material-based high-performance virus detection. Finally, our perspective on the challenges and future research direction in this field is discussed.
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Afroj S, Britnell L, Hasan T, Andreeva DV, Novoselov KS, Karim N. Graphene-Based Technologies for Tackling COVID-19 and Future Pandemics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2107407. [PMID: 34899114 PMCID: PMC8646295 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202107407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for rapid tools and technologies to combat highly infectious viruses. The excellent electrical, mechanical and other functional properties of graphene and graphene-like 2D materials (2DM) can be utilized to develop novel and innovative devices to tackle COVID-19 and future pandemics. Here, the authors outline how graphene and other 2DM-based technologies can be used for the detection, protection, and continuous monitoring of infectious diseases including COVID-19. The authors highlight the potential of 2DM-based biosensors in rapid testing and tracing of viruses to enable isolation of infected patients, and stop the spread of viruses. The possibilities of graphene-based wearable devices are discussed for continuous monitoring of COVID-19 symptoms. The authors also provide an overview of the personal protective equipment, and potential filtration mechanisms to separate, destroy or degrade highly infectious viruses, and the potential of graphene and other 2DM to increase their efficiency, and enhance functional and mechanical properties. Graphene and other 2DM could not only play a vital role for tackling the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic but also provide technology platforms and tools for the protection, detection and monitoring of future viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaila Afroj
- Centre for Print Research The University of West of EnglandBristolBS16 1QYUK
| | - Liam Britnell
- Graphene Engineering and Innovation Centre (GEIC)The University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Tahmid Hasan
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringBangladesh University of TextilesTejgaonDhaka 1208Bangladesh
| | - Daria V. Andreeva
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Institute for Functional Intelligent MaterialsNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Kostya S. Novoselov
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Institute for Functional Intelligent MaterialsNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials InstituteLiangjiang New AreaChongqing400714China
| | - Nazmul Karim
- Centre for Print Research The University of West of EnglandBristolBS16 1QYUK
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Abubakar Sadique M, Yadav S, Ranjan P, Akram Khan M, Kumar A, Khan R. Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 using graphene-based IoT integrated advanced electrochemical biosensor. MATERIALS LETTERS 2021; 305:130824. [PMID: 36540867 PMCID: PMC9754796 DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Unique characteristics like large surface area, excellent conductivity, functionality, ease of fabrication, etc., of graphene and its derivatives, have been extensively studied as potential candidates in healthcare applications. They have been utilized as a potential nanomaterial in biosensor fabrication for commercialized point-of-care (POC) devices. This review concisely provided innovative graphene and its derivative-based-IoT (Internet-of-Things) integrated electrochemical biosensor for accurate and advanced high-throughput testing of SARS-CoV-2 in POC setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Abubakar Sadique
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Shalu Yadav
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pushpesh Ranjan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mohd Akram Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhopal 462020, India
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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36
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Abubakar Sadique M, Yadav S, Ranjan P, Akram Khan M, Kumar A, Khan R. Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 using graphene-based IoT integrated advanced electrochemical biosensor. MATERIALS LETTERS 2021. [PMID: 36540867 DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Unique characteristics like large surface area, excellent conductivity, functionality, ease of fabrication, etc., of graphene and its derivatives, have been extensively studied as potential candidates in healthcare applications. They have been utilized as a potential nanomaterial in biosensor fabrication for commercialized point-of-care (POC) devices. This review concisely provided innovative graphene and its derivative-based-IoT (Internet-of-Things) integrated electrochemical biosensor for accurate and advanced high-throughput testing of SARS-CoV-2 in POC setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Abubakar Sadique
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Shalu Yadav
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pushpesh Ranjan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mohd Akram Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhopal 462020, India
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Wu X, Manickam S, Wu T, Pang CH. Insights into the Role of Graphene/Graphene‐hybrid Nanocomposites in Antiviral Therapy. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Wu
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering 315100 Ningbo China
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- University of Technology Brunei Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering BE1410 Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tao Wu
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province 315100 Ningbo China
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China New Materials Institute 315100 Ningbo China
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering 315100 Ningbo China
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion Technologies 315100 Ningbo China
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Homayoonnia S, Lee Y, Andalib D, Rahman MS, Shin J, Kim K, Kim S. Micro/nanotechnology-inspired rapid diagnosis of respiratory infectious diseases. Biomed Eng Lett 2021; 11:335-365. [PMID: 34513114 PMCID: PMC8424173 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-021-00206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have suffered from a variety of infectious diseases since a long time ago, and now a new infectious disease called COVID-19 is prevalent worldwide. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to research of the effective methods of diagnosing respiratory infectious diseases, which are important to reduce infection rate and help the spread of diseases be controlled. The onset of COVID-19 has led to the further development of existing diagnostic methods such as polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Furthermore, this has contributed to the further development of micro/nanotechnology-based diagnostic methods, which have advantages of high-throughput testing, effectiveness in terms of cost and space, and portability compared to conventional diagnosis methods. Micro/nanotechnology-based diagnostic methods can be largely classified into (1) nanomaterials-based, (2) micromaterials-based, and (3) micro/nanodevice-based. This review paper describes how micro/nanotechnologies have been exploited to diagnose respiratory infectious diseases in each section. The research and development of micro/nanotechnology-based diagnostics should be further explored and advanced as new infectious diseases continue to emerge. Only a handful of micro/nanotechnology-based diagnostic methods has been commercialized so far and there still are opportunities to explore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Homayoonnia
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Yoonjung Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Daniyal Andalib
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Md Sazzadur Rahman
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Jaemyung Shin
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Keekyoung Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Seonghwan Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
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Kim S, Song H, Ahn H, Kim T, Jung J, Cho SK, Shin DM, Choi JR, Hwang YH, Kim K. A Review of Advanced Impedance Biosensors with Microfluidic Chips for Single-Cell Analysis. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:412. [PMID: 34821628 PMCID: PMC8615569 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Electrical impedance biosensors combined with microfluidic devices can be used to analyze fundamental biological processes for high-throughput analysis at the single-cell scale. These specialized analytical tools can determine the effectiveness and toxicity of drugs with high sensitivity and demonstrate biological functions on a single-cell scale. Because the various parameters of the cells can be measured depending on methods of single-cell trapping, technological development ultimately determine the efficiency and performance of the sensors. Identifying the latest trends in single-cell trapping technologies afford opportunities such as new structural design and combination with other technologies. This will lead to more advanced applications towards improving measurement sensitivity to the desired target. In this review, we examined the basic principles of impedance sensors and their applications in various biological fields. In the next step, we introduced the latest trend of microfluidic chip technology for trapping single cells and summarized the important findings on the characteristics of single cells in impedance biosensor systems that successfully trapped single cells. This is expected to be used as a leading technology in cell biology, pathology, and pharmacological fields, promoting the further understanding of complex functions and mechanisms within individual cells with numerous data sampling and accurate analysis capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojung Kim
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Hyerin Song
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Heesang Ahn
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Taeyeon Kim
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Jihyun Jung
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Soo Kyung Cho
- Division of Nano Convergence Technology, Pusan National University (PNU), Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Dong-Myeong Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Jong-ryul Choi
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Hwae Hwang
- Department of Nano Energy Engineering, Pusan National University (PNU), Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kyujung Kim
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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Özmen EN, Kartal E, Turan MB, Yazıcıoğlu A, Niazi JH, Qureshi A. Graphene and carbon nanotubes interfaced electrochemical nanobiosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and other respiratory viral infections: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112356. [PMID: 34579878 PMCID: PMC8339589 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent COVID-19 pandemic has claimed millions of lives due to lack of a rapid diagnostic tool. Global scientific community is now making joint efforts on developing rapid and accurate diagnostic tools for early detection of viral infections to preventing future outbreaks. Conventional diagnostic methods for virus detection are expensive and time consuming. There is an immediate requirement for a sensitive, reliable, rapid and easy-to-use Point-of-Care (PoC) diagnostic technology. Electrochemical biosensors have the potential to fulfill these requirements, but they are less sensitive for sensing viruses/viral infections. However, sensitivity and performance of these electrochemical platforms can be improved by integrating carbon nanostructure, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These nanostructures offer excellent electrical property, biocompatibility, chemical stability, mechanical strength and, large surface area that are most desired in developing PoC diagnostic tools for detecting viral infections with speed, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. This review summarizes recent advancements made toward integrating graphene/CNTs nanostructures and their surface modifications useful for developing new generation of electrochemical nanobiosensors for detecting viral infections. The review also provides prospects and considerations for extending the graphene/CNTs based electrochemical transducers into portable and wearable PoC tools that can be useful in preventing future outbreaks and pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Nur Özmen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Enise Kartal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bora Turan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alperen Yazıcıoğlu
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Javed H Niazi
- Sabanci University, SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Anjum Qureshi
- Sabanci University, SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Lim JW, Ahn YR, Park G, Kim HO, Haam S. Application of Nanomaterials as an Advanced Strategy for the Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Viral Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1570. [PMID: 34683863 PMCID: PMC8540357 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic poses serious global health concerns with the continued emergence of new variants. The periodic outbreak of novel emerging and re-emerging infectious pathogens has elevated concerns and challenges for the future. To develop mitigation strategies against infectious diseases, nano-based approaches are being increasingly applied in diagnostic systems, prophylactic vaccines, and therapeutics. This review presents the properties of various nanoplatforms and discusses their role in the development of sensors, vectors, delivery agents, intrinsic immunostimulants, and viral inhibitors. Advanced nanomedical applications for infectious diseases have been highlighted. Moreover, physicochemical properties that confer physiological advantages and contribute to the control and inhibition of infectious diseases have been discussed. Safety concerns limit the commercial production and clinical use of these technologies in humans; however, overcoming these limitations may enable the use of nanomaterials to resolve current infection control issues via application of nanomaterials as a platform for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Woo Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Yu-Rim Ahn
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea;
- Biohealth-machinery Convergence Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Geunseon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Hyun-Ouk Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea;
- Biohealth-machinery Convergence Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Seungjoo Haam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (G.P.)
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Bukkitgar SD, Shetti NP, Aminabhavi TM. Electrochemical investigations for COVID-19 detection-A comparison with other viral detection methods. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 420:127575. [PMID: 33162783 PMCID: PMC7605744 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Virus-induced infection such as SARS-CoV-2 is a serious threat to human health and the economic setback of the world. Continued advances in the development of technologies are required before the viruses undergo mutation. The low concentration of viruses in environmental samples makes the detection extremely challenging; simple, accurate and rapid detection methods are in urgent need. Of all the analytical techniques, electrochemical methods have the established capabilities to address the issues. Particularly, the integration of nanotechnology would allow miniature devices to be made available at the point-of-care. This review outlines the capabilities of electrochemical methods in conjunction with nanotechnology for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Future directions and challenges of the electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are covered including wearable and conformal biosensors, detection of plant pathogens, multiplexed detection, and reusable biosensors for on-site monitoring, thereby providing low-cost and disposable biosensors.
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Key Words
- AIV H5N1, Avian influenza
- AIV, Avian influenza virus
- ASFV, African swine fever virus
- BVDV, Bovine viral diarrhea virus
- CGV, Chikungunya viruses
- CMV, Cucumber mosaic virus
- COVID-19
- CSFV, Classic swine fever virus
- CV, Cyclic voltammetry
- DAstV-1, Duck astrovirus 1
- DAstV-2, Duck astrovirus 2
- DENV, Dengue virus
- DEV, Duck enteritis virus
- DHAV-1, Duck hepatitis A virus 1
- DHAV-3, Duck hepatitis A virus 3
- DPV, Differential pulse voltammetry
- DRV-1, Duck reovirus 1
- DRV-2, Duck reovirus 2
- Detection
- EBV, Epstein-Barr virus
- EIS, Electric impedance spectroscopy
- EPC, External positive controls
- EV, Human enterovirus
- EV71, Human enterovirus 71
- Electrochemical sensor
- FMI SMOF, Fluorescence molecularly imprinted sensor based on a metal–organic framework
- GCE, Glassy carbon electrode
- GCFaV-1, Ginger chlorotic fleck associated virus 1
- GCFaV-2, Ginger chlorotic fleck-associated virus 2
- GEV VN-96, Gastroenteritis virus VN-96
- GPV, Goose parvovirus
- HHV, Human herpes virus 6
- HIAV, Human influenza A viruses
- HPB19, Human parvovirus B19
- HSV, Herpes simplex
- IAV, influenza A virus
- IEA, Interdigitated electrode array
- IMA, Interdigitated microelectrode array
- INAA, Isothermal nucleic acid amplification-based
- JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus
- LAMP, Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification
- LSV, Linear sweep voltammetry
- MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome
- MIEC, Molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence
- MNV, Murine norovirus
- MeV, Measles virus
- NNV, Nervous necrosis virus
- Nanotechnology
- PBoV, Porcine bocavirus
- PCNAME, Pt-coated nanostructured alumina membrane electrode
- PCR
- PCRLFS, Polymerase Chain Reaction with a lateral flow strip with a lateral flow strip
- PCV, Porcine circovirus 3
- PEDV, Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus
- PRRSV, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
- PSV, Pseudorabies virus
- RCA, Rolling circle amplification
- RGO, Reduced graphene oxide
- RT-LAMP-VF, RT-LAMP and a vertical flow visualization strip
- RV, Rubella virus
- SARS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome
- SIVH1N1, Swine influenza virus
- SWV, Square wave voltammetry
- TGEV, transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus
- TMUV, Tembusu virus
- USEGFET, Ultra-sensitive electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor
- VZV, Varicella-zoster virus
- VZV, varicella-Zoster virus
- Viruses
- ZV, Zika virus
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikandar D Bukkitgar
- Centre for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi 580030, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Centre for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi 580030, Karnataka, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soniya College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580-007, India
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Naikoo GA, Awan T, Hassan IU, Salim H, Arshad F, Ahmed W, Asiri AM, Qurashi A. Nanomaterials-Based Sensors for Respiratory Viral Detection: A Review. IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2021; 21:17643-17656. [PMID: 35790098 PMCID: PMC8769020 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2021.3085084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Contagious diseases are the principal cause of mortality, particularly respiratory viruses, a real menace for public health and economic development worldwide. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatments are the only life-saving strategy to overcome any epidemic and particularly the ongoing prevailing pandemic COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. A rapid identification, point of care, portable, highly sensitive, stable, and inexpensive device is needed which is exceptionally satisfied by sensor technology. Consequently, the researchers have directed their attention to employing sensors targeting multiple analyses of pathogenic detections across the world. Nanostructured materials (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanobundles, etc.), owing to their unique characteristics such as large surface-to-volume ratio and nanoscale interactions, are widely employed to fabricate facile sensors to meet all the immediate emerging challenges and threats. This review is anticipated to foster researchers in developing advanced nanomaterials-based sensors for the increasing number of COVID-19 cases across the globe. The mechanism of respiratory viral detection by nanomaterials-based sensors has been reported. Moreover, the advantages, disadvantages, and their comparison with conventional sensors are summarized. Furthermore, we have highlighted the challenges and future potential of these sensors for achieving efficient and rapid detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowhar A. Naikoo
- Department of Mathematics and SciencesCollege of Arts and Applied SciencesDhofar UniversitySalalahPC 211Oman
| | - Tasbiha Awan
- Department of Mathematics and SciencesCollege of Arts and Applied SciencesDhofar UniversitySalalahPC 211Oman
| | | | - Hiba Salim
- Department of Mathematics and SciencesCollege of Arts and Applied SciencesDhofar UniversitySalalahPC 211Oman
| | - Fareeha Arshad
- Department of BiochemistryAligarh Muslim UniversityUttar Pradesh202002India
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- School of Mathematics and Physics, College of ScienceUniversity of LincolnLincolnLN6 7TSU.K.
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahPC 21589Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahsanulhaq Qurashi
- Department of ChemistryKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiPC 127788United Arab Emirates
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Hong S, Kim MW, Jang J. Physical collection and viability of airborne bacteria collected under electrostatic field with different sampling media and protocols towards rapid detection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14598. [PMID: 34272448 PMCID: PMC8285527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrostatic samplers have been increasingly studied for sampling of viral and bacterial aerosols, and bioaerosol samplers are required to provide concentrated liquid samples with high physical collection and biological recovery, which would be critical for rapid detection. Here, the effects of sampling media and protocols on the physical collection and biological recovery of two airborne bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Micrococcus luteus) under electrostatic field were investigated using a personal electrostatic particle concentrator (EPC). Deionized (DI) water with/without sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and phosphate buffered saline were tested as sampling media. A polystyrene container was mounted onto the collection electrode of the EPC for stable storage and vortexing after capture. Many bacterial cells were found to be deposited on the bottom surface of the container submerged in the media via electrophoresis, and among the tested sampling protocols, wet sampling with a container and subsequent vortexing offered the most bacteria in the collection suspension. Experiments with several sampling media showed that 0.001-0.01% SDS-DI water demonstrated the highest recovery rate in the EPC. These findings would be valuable in the field of sampling and subsequent rapid detection of bioaerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongkyeol Hong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Woo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Jang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Krüger A, de Jesus Santos AP, de Sá V, Ulrich H, Wrenger C. Aptamer Applications in Emerging Viral Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070622. [PMID: 34203242 PMCID: PMC8308861 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules which are submitted to a process denominated SELEX. SELEX uses reiterative screening of a random oligonucleotide library to identify high-affinity binders to a chosen target, which may be a peptide, protein, or entire cells or viral particles. Aptamers can rival antibodies in target recognition, and benefit from their non-proteic nature, ease of modification, increased stability, and pharmacokinetic properties. This turns them into ideal candidates for diagnostic as well as therapeutic applications. Here, we review the recent accomplishments in the development of aptamers targeting emerging viral diseases, with emphasis on recent findings of aptamers binding to coronaviruses. We focus on aptamer development for diagnosis, including biosensors, in addition to aptamer modifications for stabilization in body fluids and tissue penetration. Such aptamers are aimed at in vivo diagnosis and treatment, such as quantification of viral load and blocking host cell invasion, virus assembly, or replication, respectively. Although there are currently no in vivo applications of aptamers in combating viral diseases, such strategies are promising for therapy development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Krüger
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000-SP, Brazil;
| | - Ana Paula de Jesus Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900-SP, Brazil; (A.P.d.J.S.); (V.d.S.)
| | - Vanessa de Sá
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900-SP, Brazil; (A.P.d.J.S.); (V.d.S.)
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900-SP, Brazil; (A.P.d.J.S.); (V.d.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.U.); (C.W.)
| | - Carsten Wrenger
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000-SP, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (H.U.); (C.W.)
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46
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Yadav AK, Verma D, Kumar A, Kumar P, Solanki PR. The perspectives of biomarker-based electrochemical immunosensors, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Medical Things toward COVID-19 diagnosis and management. MATERIALS TODAY. CHEMISTRY 2021; 20:100443. [PMID: 33615086 PMCID: PMC7877231 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2021.100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the COVID-19 an international health emergency due to the severity of infection progression, which became more severe due to its continuous spread globally and the unavailability of appropriate therapy and diagnostics systems. Thus, there is a need for efficient devices to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection at an early stage. Nowadays, the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique is being applied for detecting this virus around the globe; however, factors such as stringent expertise, long diagnostic times, invasive and painful screening, and high costs have restricted the use of RT-PCR methods for rapid diagnostics. Therefore, the development of cost-effective, portable, sensitive, prompt and selective sensing systems to detect SARS-CoV-2 in biofluids at fM/pM/nM concentrations would be a breakthrough in diagnostics. Immunosensors that show increased specificity and sensitivity are considerably fast and do not imply costly reagents or instruments, reducing the cost for COVID-19 detection. The current developments in immunosensors perhaps signify the most significant opportunity for a rapid assay to detect COVID-19, without the need of highly skilled professionals and specialized tools to interpret results. Artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) can also be equipped with this immunosensing approach to investigate useful networking through database management, sharing, and analytics to prevent and manage COVID-19. Herein, we represent the collective concepts of biomarker-based immunosensors along with AI and IoMT as smart sensing strategies with bioinformatics approach to monitor non-invasive early stage SARS-CoV-2 development, with fast point-of-care (POC) diagnostics as the crucial goal. This approach should be implemented quickly and verified practicality for clinical samples before being set in the present times for mass-diagnostic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Yadav
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - D Verma
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - A Kumar
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - P Kumar
- Sri Aurobindo College, Delhi University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - P R Solanki
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Zhao Z, Huang C, Huang Z, Lin F, He Q, Tao D, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Guo Z. Advancements in electrochemical biosensing for respiratory virus detection: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2021; 139:116253. [PMID: 33727755 PMCID: PMC7952277 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses are real menace for human health which result in devastating epidemic disease. Consequently, it is in urgent need of identifying and quantifying virus with a rapid, sensitive and precise approach. The study of electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection has become one of the most rapidly developing scientific fields. Recent developments in electrochemical biosensors concerning respiratory virus detection are comprehensively reviewed in this paper. This review is structured along common detecting objects of respiratory viruses, electrochemical biosensors, electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection and future challenges. The electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection are introduced, including nucleic acids-based, immunosensors and other affinity biosensors. Lastly, for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis, the future challenges regarding developing electrochemical biosensor-based Point-of-Care Tests (POCTs) are summarized. This review is expected to provide a helpful guide for the researchers entering this interdisciplinary field and developing more novel electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Changfu Huang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Fengjuan Lin
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Qinlin He
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Dan Tao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault
- University of Lyon, Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5280, 5, La Doua Street, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
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Khetani S, Singh A, Besler B, Butterworth S, Lijnse T, Loughery K, Smith K, Hosseini E, Narang R, Karan K, Debert C, Sen A, Murari K, Nezhad AS. μDrop: Multi-analyte portable electrochemical-sensing device for blood-based detection of cleaved tau and neuron filament light in traumatic brain injury patients. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 178:113033. [PMID: 33517230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over 27 million individuals are affected every year worldwide with central nervous system (CNS) injuries. These injuries include but are not limited to traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI). CNS injuries remain a significant public health concern which demands reliable tools for rapid, on-sight, on-field, and point-of-care diagnostic (POC) solutions. To address these challenges, we developed a low-cost, open-source, hand-held, portable, and POC detection technology, termed as MicroDrop (μDrop), which can simultaneously detect up to eight target biomolecules and display results in both analog and digital formats. The data acquired is stored wirelessly in a cloud server for further investigation and statistical analysis. Multiplexing capability of μDrop and immuno-biosensors detects and quantifies Cleaved-Tau Protein (C-Tau) and Neuron-Filament (NFL) proteins in the blood of TBI patients. Immuno-biosensors rapidly sense the two target proteins in less than 30 min, with μDrop and a conventional potentiostat. C-Tau and NFL were selectively detected with μDrop within the dynamic range of 10 pg/mL - 100 ng/mL and the sensitivity range of 47 μA/pg mm2 - 65 μA/pg mm2. Comparing the biosensing performance with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) shows that the immuno-biosensors combined with μDrop could successfully differentiate between clinical controls and injured patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Khetani
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Anupriya Singh
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Brendon Besler
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Savitri Butterworth
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Thomas Lijnse
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kenneth Loughery
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Katrin Smith
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ehsan Hosseini
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Rakesh Narang
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kunal Karan
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chantel Debert
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2H 2T9, Canada
| | - Arindom Sen
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kartikeya Murari
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Amir Sanati- Nezhad
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada; Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Derakhshan MA, Amani A, Faridi-Majidi R. State-of-the-Art of Nanodiagnostics and Nanotherapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14816-14843. [PMID: 33779135 PMCID: PMC8028022 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, with millions of infected patients worldwide, has severely challenged all aspects of public health. In this regard, early and rapid detection of infected cases and providing effective therapeutics against the virus are in urgent demand. Along with conventional clinical protocols, nanomaterial-based diagnostics and therapeutics hold a great potential against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Indeed, nanoparticles with their outstanding characteristics would render additional advantages to the current approaches for rapid and accurate diagnosis and also developing prophylactic vaccines or antiviral therapeutics. In this review, besides presenting an overview of the coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, we discuss the introduced nanomaterial-based detection assays and devices and also antiviral formulations and vaccines for coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Derakhshan
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and
Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nanomedicine
and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran
| | - Amir Amani
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Brazaca LC, Dos Santos PL, de Oliveira PR, Rocha DP, Stefano JS, Kalinke C, Abarza Muñoz RA, Bonacin JA, Janegitz BC, Carrilho E. Biosensing strategies for the electrochemical detection of viruses and viral diseases - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1159:338384. [PMID: 33867035 PMCID: PMC9186435 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are the causing agents for many relevant diseases, including influenza, Ebola, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19. Its rapid replication and high transmissibility can lead to serious consequences not only to the individual but also to collective health, causing deep economic impacts. In this scenario, diagnosis tools are of significant importance, allowing the rapid, precise, and low-cost testing of a substantial number of individuals. Currently, PCR-based techniques are the gold standard for the diagnosis of viral diseases. Although these allow the diagnosis of different illnesses with high precision, they still present significant drawbacks. Their main disadvantages include long periods for obtaining results and the need for specialized professionals and equipment, requiring the tests to be performed in research centers. In this scenario, biosensors have been presented as promising alternatives for the rapid, precise, low-cost, and on-site diagnosis of viral diseases. This critical review article describes the advancements achieved in the last five years regarding electrochemical biosensors for the diagnosis of viral infections. First, genosensors and aptasensors for the detection of virus and the diagnosis of viral diseases are presented in detail regarding probe immobilization approaches, detection methods (label-free and sandwich), and amplification strategies. Following, immunosensors are highlighted, including many different construction strategies such as label-free, sandwich, competitive, and lateral-flow assays. Then, biosensors for the detection of viral-diseases-related biomarkers are presented and discussed, as well as point of care systems and their advantages when compared to traditional techniques. Last, the difficulties of commercializing electrochemical devices are critically discussed in conjunction with future trends such as lab-on-a-chip and flexible sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Pãmyla Layene Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
| | - Diego Pessoa Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Santos Stefano
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Kalinke
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza Muñoz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Juliano Alves Bonacin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil.
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
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