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Naghdi T, Ardalan S, Asghari Adib Z, Sharifi AR, Golmohammadi H. Moving toward smart biomedical sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 223:115009. [PMID: 36565545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.115009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel biomedical sensors as highly promising devices/tools in early diagnosis and therapy monitoring of many diseases and disorders has recently witnessed unprecedented growth; more and faster than ever. Nonetheless, on the eve of Industry 5.0 and by learning from defects of current sensors in smart diagnostics of pandemics, there is still a long way to go to achieve the ideal biomedical sensors capable of meeting the growing needs and expectations for smart biomedical/diagnostic sensing through eHealth systems. Herein, an overview is provided to highlight the importance and necessity of an inevitable transition in the era of digital health/Healthcare 4.0 towards smart biomedical/diagnostic sensing and how to approach it via new digital technologies including Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, IoT gateways (smartphones, readers), etc. This review will bring together the different types of smartphone/reader-based biomedical sensors, which have been employing for a wide variety of optical/electrical/electrochemical biosensing applications and paving the way for future eHealth diagnostic devices by moving towards smart biomedical sensing. Here, alongside highlighting the characteristics/criteria that should be met by the developed sensors towards smart biomedical sensing, the challenging issues ahead are delineated along with a comprehensive outlook on this extremely necessary field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Naghdi
- Nanosensors Bioplatforms Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, 14335-186, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Ardalan
- Nanosensors Bioplatforms Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, 14335-186, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Asghari Adib
- Nanosensors Bioplatforms Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, 14335-186, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Sharifi
- Nanosensors Bioplatforms Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, 14335-186, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Golmohammadi
- Nanosensors Bioplatforms Laboratory, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Bacon A, Wang W, Lee H, Umrao S, Sinawang PD, Akin D, Khemtonglang K, Tan A, Hirshfield S, Demirci U, Wang X, Cunningham BT. Review of HIV Self Testing Technologies and Promising Approaches for the Next Generation. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:298. [PMID: 36832064 PMCID: PMC9954708 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The ability to self-test for HIV is vital to preventing transmission, particularly when used in concert with HIV biomedical prevention modalities, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In this paper, we review recent developments in HIV self-testing and self-sampling methods, and the potential future impact of novel materials and methods that emerged through efforts to develop more effective point-of-care (POC) SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. We address the gaps in existing HIV self-testing technologies, where improvements in test sensitivity, sample-to-answer time, simplicity, and cost are needed to enhance diagnostic accuracy and widespread accessibility. We discuss potential paths toward the next generation of HIV self-testing through sample collection materials, biosensing assay techniques, and miniaturized instrumentation. We discuss the implications for other applications, such as self-monitoring of HIV viral load and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bacon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hankeun Lee
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Saurabh Umrao
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Center for Genomic Diagnostics, Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Prima Dewi Sinawang
- Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Demir Akin
- Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence for Translational Diagnostics (CCNE-TD), School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kodchakorn Khemtonglang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Anqi Tan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sabina Hirshfield
- Special Treatment and Research (STAR) Program, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11203, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Center for Genomic Diagnostics, Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Center for Genomic Diagnostics, Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Guo W, Tao Y, Mao K, Liu W, Xue R, Ge Z, Ren Y. Portable general microfluidic device with complex electric field regulation functions for electrokinetic experiments. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 23:157-167. [PMID: 36484422 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01053d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electrokinetic sample manipulation is a key step for many kinds of microfluidic chips to achieve various functions, such as particle focusing and separation, fluid pumping and material synthesis. But these microfluidic experiments usually rely on large-scale signal generators for power supply, microscopes for imaging and other instruments for analysis, which hampers the portable process of microfluidic technology. Inspired by this situation, we herein designed a portable general microfluidic device (PGMD) with complex electric field regulation functions, which can accurately regulate static or continuous fluid samples. Through the graphical user interface (GUI) and modular design, the PGMD can generate multiple different electrical signals, and the micro-flow of fluid can be pumped through the built-in micropump, which can meet the requirements of most microfluidic experiments. Photos or videos of the microfluidic chip captured by the built-in microscope are received and displayed by a smartphone. We carried out a variety of microfluidic experiments such as induced-charge electroosmosis (ICEO), particle beam exit switching, thermal buoyancy flow and dielectrophoresis (DEP) on the PGMD. In addition, the PGMD can perform rapid microalgae concentration estimation in an outdoor environment, which can be used to guide microalgae cultivation, further demonstrating the development potential of this device in the field of microbial applications. Numerous results show that the PGMD has a high degree of integration and strong reliability, which expands the application of microfluidic electrokinetic experiments and provides technical support for the integration and portability of microfluidic experimental devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaihao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiyu Liu
- School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang'an University, Middle-Section of Nan'er Huan Road, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Rui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenyou Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yukun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Xiao M, Tian F, Liu X, Zhou Q, Pan J, Luo Z, Yang M, Yi C. Virus Detection: From State-of-the-Art Laboratories to Smartphone-Based Point-of-Care Testing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105904. [PMID: 35393791 PMCID: PMC9110880 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Infectious virus outbreaks pose a significant challenge to public healthcare systems. Early and accurate virus diagnosis is critical to prevent the spread of the virus, especially when no specific vaccine or effective medicine is available. In clinics, the most commonly used viral detection methods are molecular techniques that involve the measurement of nucleic acids or proteins biomarkers. However, most clinic-based methods require complex infrastructure and expensive equipment, which are not suitable for low-resource settings. Over the past years, smartphone-based point-of-care testing (POCT) has rapidly emerged as a potential alternative to laboratory-based clinical diagnosis. This review summarizes the latest development of virus detection. First, laboratory-based and POCT-based viral diagnostic techniques are compared, both of which rely on immunosensing and nucleic acid detection. Then, various smartphone-based POCT diagnostic techniques, including optical biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, and other types of biosensors are discussed. Moreover, this review covers the development of smartphone-based POCT diagnostics for various viruses including COVID-19, Ebola, influenza, Zika, HIV, et al. Finally, the prospects and challenges of smartphone-based POCT diagnostics are discussed. It is believed that this review will aid researchers better understand the current challenges and prospects for achieving the ultimate goal of containing disease-causing viruses worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHunghomHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Qiaoqiao Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Jiangfei Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Zhaofan Luo
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHunghomHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Changqing Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen Campus of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhen518107P. R. China
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5
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Madrid RE, Ashur Ramallo F, Barraza DE, Chaile RE. Smartphone-Based Biosensor Devices for Healthcare: Technologies, Trends, and Adoption by End-Users. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9030101. [PMID: 35324790 PMCID: PMC8945789 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9030101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Smart biosensors are becoming an important support for modern healthcare, even more so in the current context. Numerous smartphone-based biosensor developments were published in recent years, some highly effective and sensitive. However, when patents and patent applications related to smart biosensors for healthcare applications are analyzed, it is surprising to note that, after significant growth in the first half of the decade, the number of applications filed has decreased considerably in recent years. There can be many causes of this effect. In this review, we present the state of the art of different types of smartphone-based biosensors, considering their stages of development. In the second part, a critical analysis of the possible reasons why many technologies do not reach the market is presented. Both technical and end-user adoption limitations were addressed. It was observed that smart biosensors on the commercial stage are still scarce despite the great evolution that these technologies have experienced, which shows the need to strengthen the stages of transfer, application, and adoption of technologies by end-users.
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Naeem N, Drese KS, Paterson L, Kersaudy-Kerhoas M. Current and Emerging Microfluidic-Based Integrated Solutions for Free Hemoglobin and Hemolysis Detection and Measurement. Anal Chem 2021; 94:75-85. [PMID: 34860012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noman Naeem
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Klaus-Stefan Drese
- The Institute of Sensor and Actuator Technology (ISAT), 96450 Coburg, Germany
| | - Lynn Paterson
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Maïwenn Kersaudy-Kerhoas
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K.,Infection Medicine, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, U.K
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7
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Rocca M, Temiz Y, Salva ML, Castonguay S, Gervais T, Niemeyer CM, Delamarche E. Rapid quantitative assays for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and hemoglobin combined on a capillary-driven microfluidic chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3573-3582. [PMID: 34341817 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00354b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rapid tests for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) are extremely important for determining G6PD deficiency, a widespread metabolic disorder which triggers hemolytic anemia in response to primaquine and tafenoquine medication, the most effective drugs for the radical cure of malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites. Current point-of-care diagnostic devices for G6PD are either qualitative, do not normalize G6PD activity to the hemoglobin concentration, or are very expensive. In this work we developed a capillary-driven microfluidic chip to perform a quantitative G6PD test and a hemoglobin measurement within 2 minutes and using less than 2 μL of sample. We used a powerful microfluidic module to integrate and resuspend locally the reagents needed for the G6PD assay and controls. We also developed a theoretical model that successfully predicts the enzymatic reactions on-chip, guides on-chip reagent spotting and allows efficient integration of multiple assays in miniaturized formats with only a few nanograms of reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rocca
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1) - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Yuksel Temiz
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
| | - Marie L Salva
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1) - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Samuel Castonguay
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Thomas Gervais
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christof M Niemeyer
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1) - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Chattopadhyay S, Ram R, Sarkar A, Dutta G, Chakraborty S. Reagent-free hemoglobin estimation on a spinning disc. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Multidrug resistant tuberculosis - Diagnostic challenges and its conquering by nanotechnology approach - An overview. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 337:109397. [PMID: 33508305 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One of the leading killer diseases that target the parenchymal tissues of lungs is Tuberculosis. Although antimycobacterial drugs are available, there are increased incidences of drug resistance encountered in Mycobacterium sp. They have been categorized into MDR (Multidrug resistant) and XDR (Extensively drug-resistant) strains exhibiting resistance toward successive treatment regimen. This situation threatens the futuristic containment of TB with the dearth of anti-TB drugs. Nanotechnology, the emerging multidisciplinary science has presented an excellent opportunity for timely and accurate diagnosis and discrimination of Mycobacteria via its unique physio-chemical and optical characteristics. The delayed and misdiagnosis of TB and lack of sensitive diagnostic method(s) has seen a paradigm shift toward nanoparticulate system for improved diagnosis, drug delivery and reduced treatment frequency. This review article highlights the evolution of tuberculosis and its transformation to multidrug resistant strain. Further, the conventional methods for diagnosing TB and the challenges encountered in their analytical performance have been highlighted and the strategies to overcome those challenges have been briefly discussed. Smart approaches encompassing metal nanoparticles, Quantum Dots (QDs) and Field Effect Transistors (FET) based biosensor for accurate diagnosis have been critically reviewed. A decade long state-of-the-art knowledge on TB nanodiagnostics, fabrication concepts and performance characteristics has been reviewed.
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10
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Hartanto H, Wu M, Lam ML, Chen TH. Microfluidic immunoassay for detection of serological antibodies: A potential tool for rapid evaluation of immunity against SARS-CoV-2. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2020; 14:061507. [PMID: 33343783 PMCID: PMC7738199 DOI: 10.1063/5.0031521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 became a pandemic affecting more than 200 countries and territories. Millions of lives are still affected because of mandatory quarantines, which hamstring economies and induce panic. Immunology plays a major role in the modern field of medicine, especially against virulent infectious diseases. In this field, neutralizing antibodies are heavily studied because they reflect the level of infection and individuals' immune status, which are essential when considering resumption of work, flight travel, and border entry control. More importantly, it also allows evaluating the antiviral vaccine efficacy as vaccines are still known for being the ultimate intervention method to inhibit the rapid spread of virulent infectious diseases. In this Review, we first introduce the host immune response after the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and discuss the latest results using conventional immunoassays. Next, as an enabling platform for detection with sufficient sensitivity while saving analysis time and sample size, the progress of microfluidic-based immunoassays is discussed and compared based on surface modification, microfluidic kinetics, signal output, signal amplification, sample matrix, and the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Based on the overall comparison, this Review concludes by proposing the future integration of visual quantitative signals on microfluidic devices as a more suitable approach for general use and large-scale surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hogi Hartanto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China
| | - Minghui Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China
| | - Miu Ling Lam
- School of Creative Media, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China
| | - Ting-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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11
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Park SM, Visbal-Onufrak MA, Haque MM, Were MC, Naanyu V, Hasan MK, Kim YL. mHealth spectroscopy of blood hemoglobin with spectral super-resolution. OPTICA 2020; 7:563-573. [PMID: 33365364 PMCID: PMC7755164 DOI: 10.1364/optica.390409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although blood hemoglobin (Hgb) testing is a routine procedure in a variety of clinical situations, noninvasive, continuous, and real-time blood Hgb measurements are still challenging. Optical spectroscopy can offer noninvasive blood Hgb quantification, but requires bulky optical components that intrinsically limit the development of mobile health (mHealth) technologies. Here, we report spectral super-resolution (SSR) spectroscopy that virtually transforms the built-in camera (RGB sensor) of a smartphone into a hyperspectral imager for accurate and precise blood Hgb analyses. Statistical learning of SSR enables us to reconstruct detailed spectra from three color RGB data. Peripheral tissue imaging with a mobile application is further combined to compute exact blood Hgb content without a priori personalized calibration. Measurements over a wide range of blood Hgb values show reliable performance of SSR blood Hgb quantification. Given that SSR does not require additional hardware accessories, the mobility, simplicity, and affordability of conventional smartphones support the idea that SSR blood Hgb measurements can be used as an mHealth method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Mok Park
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - Md Munirul Haque
- R. B. Annis School of Engineering, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46227, USA
| | - Martin C. Were
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
| | - Violet Naanyu
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Md Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
| | - Young L. Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Purdue Quantum Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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12
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Zhao Y, Gu H, Li H, Huang L, Cen X. Accuracy improvement of electrochemical whole blood ketone sensor based on HCT compensation algorithm. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1446-1449. [PMID: 32333412 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we demonstrated an electrochemical test strip with HCT (hematocrit) compensation algorithm to improve the accuracy of blood ketone sensor. In the conventional electrochemical sensor, the electrochemical current was directly resolved into the concentration value of the determinant without HCT compensation. For lower or higher HCT blood sample, the measured result was inaccurate. In the proposed design, the blood impedance can be measured to estimate the HCT, which was utilized to compensate the electrochemical current to resolve the more accurate concentration of determinant. The practical blood sample tests demonstrated the proposed design can provide more believable and reliable measured result in clinical point-of-care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hui Gu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hongchun Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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13
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de Haan K, Ceylan Koydemir H, Rivenson Y, Tseng D, Van Dyne E, Bakic L, Karinca D, Liang K, Ilango M, Gumustekin E, Ozcan A. Automated screening of sickle cells using a smartphone-based microscope and deep learning. NPJ Digit Med 2020; 3:76. [PMID: 32509973 PMCID: PMC7244537 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-020-0282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major public health priority throughout much of the world, affecting millions of people. In many regions, particularly those in resource-limited settings, SCD is not consistently diagnosed. In Africa, where the majority of SCD patients reside, more than 50% of the 0.2-0.3 million children born with SCD each year will die from it; many of these deaths are in fact preventable with correct diagnosis and treatment. Here, we present a deep learning framework which can perform automatic screening of sickle cells in blood smears using a smartphone microscope. This framework uses two distinct, complementary deep neural networks. The first neural network enhances and standardizes the blood smear images captured by the smartphone microscope, spatially and spectrally matching the image quality of a laboratory-grade benchtop microscope. The second network acts on the output of the first image enhancement neural network and is used to perform the semantic segmentation between healthy and sickle cells within a blood smear. These segmented images are then used to rapidly determine the SCD diagnosis per patient. We blindly tested this mobile sickle cell detection method using blood smears from 96 unique patients (including 32 SCD patients) that were imaged by our smartphone microscope, and achieved ~98% accuracy, with an area-under-the-curve of 0.998. With its high accuracy, this mobile and cost-effective method has the potential to be used as a screening tool for SCD and other blood cell disorders in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin de Haan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Hatice Ceylan Koydemir
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Yair Rivenson
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Derek Tseng
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Elizabeth Van Dyne
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Lissette Bakic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Doruk Karinca
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Kyle Liang
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Megha Ilango
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Esin Gumustekin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Aydogan Ozcan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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14
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Zhang L, Tian Z, Bachman H, Zhang P, Huang TJ. A Cell-Phone-Based Acoustofluidic Platform for Quantitative Point-of-Care Testing. ACS NANO 2020; 14:3159-3169. [PMID: 32119517 PMCID: PMC7335639 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Acoustofluidic methods, with advantages including simplicity of device design, biocompatible manipulation, and low power consumption, have been touted as promising tools for point-of-care (POC) testing. Here, we report a cell-phone-based acoustofluidic platform that uses acoustic radiation forces to enrich nanoscale analytes and red and green fluorescence nanoparticles (SiO2@R and G@SiO2) as probes for POC visual testing. Thus, the color signals from the fluorescent probes are enhanced, and colorimetric sensitivity is significantly improved. As a POC demonstration, the acoustofluidic platform is used to detect hemoglobin (Hb) from human blood, resulting in a rapid and straightforward measurement of normal blood Hb levels. Combining an acoustofluidic-based nanoparticle-concentration platform with cell-phone-based colorimetry, our method introduces a potential pathway toward practical POC testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Hunter Bachman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Peiran Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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15
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Trojanowicz M. Flow Chemistry in Contemporary Chemical Sciences: A Real Variety of Its Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E1434. [PMID: 32245225 PMCID: PMC7146634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow chemistry is an area of contemporary chemistry exploiting the hydrodynamic conditions of flowing liquids to provide particular environments for chemical reactions. These particular conditions of enhanced and strictly regulated transport of reagents, improved interface contacts, intensification of heat transfer, and safe operation with hazardous chemicals can be utilized in chemical synthesis, both for mechanization and automation of analytical procedures, and for the investigation of the kinetics of ultrafast reactions. Such methods are developed for more than half a century. In the field of chemical synthesis, they are used mostly in pharmaceutical chemistry for efficient syntheses of small amounts of active substances. In analytical chemistry, flow measuring systems are designed for environmental applications and industrial monitoring, as well as medical and pharmaceutical analysis, providing essential enhancement of the yield of analyses and precision of analytical determinations. The main concept of this review is to show the overlapping of development trends in the design of instrumentation and various ways of the utilization of specificity of chemical operations under flow conditions, especially for synthetic and analytical purposes, with a simultaneous presentation of the still rather limited correspondence between these two main areas of flow chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03–195 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02–093 Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Paper-based point-of-care immunoassays: Recent advances and emerging trends. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 39:107442. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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17
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Hu F, Li J, Zhang Z, Li M, Zhao S, Li Z, Peng N. Smartphone-Based Droplet Digital LAMP Device with Rapid Nucleic Acid Isolation for Highly Sensitive Point-of-Care Detection. Anal Chem 2019; 92:2258-2265. [PMID: 31841633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
While advances in microfluidics have enabled rapid and highly integrated detection of nucleic acid targets, the detection sensitivity is still unsatisfactory in the current POC (point-of-care) detection systems, especially for low abundance samples. In this study, a chip that integrates rapid nucleic acid extraction based on IFAST (immiscible phase filtration assisted by surface tension) and digital isothermal detection was developed to achieve highly sensitive POC detection within 60 min. Based on the interface theory, the factors influencing the interface stability of the IFAST process were studied, and the IFAST nucleic acid extraction conditions were optimized to increase the nucleic acid extraction recovery rate to 75%. Spiral mixing channel and flow-focusing droplet generation structure were designed to achieve the mixing and sample partitioning by applying negative pressure. A portable microdroplet fluorescence detection device was developed based on smartphone imaging. Validation tests were carried out for quantification of low-abundance cfDNA and detection of mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , 710054 , Shaanxi China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , 710054 , Shaanxi China
| | - Zengming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , 710054 , Shaanxi China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , 710054 , Shaanxi China
| | - Shuhao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , 710054 , Shaanxi China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , 710054 , Shaanxi China
| | - Niancai Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , 710054 , Shaanxi China
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18
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Developing Gold Nanoparticles-Conjugated Aflatoxin B1 Antifungal Strips. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246260. [PMID: 31842251 PMCID: PMC6941036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral flow immunochromatographic assays are a powerful diagnostic tool for point-of-care tests, based on their simplicity, specificity, and sensitivity. In this study, a rapid and sensitive gold nanoparticle (AuNP) immunochromatographic strip is produced for detecting aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in suspicious fungi-contaminated food samples. The 10 nm AuNPs were encompassed by bovine serum albumin (BSA) and AFB1 antibody. Thin-layer chromatography, gel electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were employed for analysing the chemical complexes. Various concentrations of AFB1 antigen (0-16 ng/mL) were tested with AFB1 antibody-BSA-AuNPs (conjugated AuNPs) and then analysed by scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and Zetasizer. The results showed that the AFB1 antibody was coupled to BSA by the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester method. The AuNPs application has the potential to contribute to AFB1 detection by monitoring a visible colour change from red to purple-blue, with a detection limit of 2 ng/mL in a 96-well plate. The lateral flow immunochromatographic strip tests are rapid, taking less than 10 min., and they have a detection capacity of 10 ng/g. The smartphone analysis of strips provided the results in 3 s, with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/g for AFB1 when the concentration was below 10 ng/g. Excellent agreement was found with AFB1 determination by high-performance liquid chromatography in the determination of AFB1 among 20 samples of peanuts, corn, rice, and bread.
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19
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Arumugam S, Nayak S, Williams T, di Santa Maria FS, Guedes MS, Chaves RC, Linder V, Marques AR, Horn EJ, Wong SJ, Sia SK, Gomes-Solecki M. A Multiplexed Serologic Test for Diagnosis of Lyme Disease for Point-of-Care Use. J Clin Microbiol 2019; 57:e01142-19. [PMID: 31597750 PMCID: PMC6879297 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01142-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Single multiplexed assays could replace the standard 2-tiered (STT) algorithm recommended for the laboratory diagnosis of Lyme disease if they perform with a specificity and a sensitivity superior or equal to those of the STT algorithm. We used human serum rigorously characterized to be sera from patients with acute- and convalescent-phase early Lyme disease, Lyme arthritis, and posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome, as well as the necessary controls (n = 241 samples), to select the best of 12 Borrelia burgdorferi proteins to improve our microfluidic assay (mChip-Ld). We then evaluated its serodiagnostic performance in comparison to that of a first-tier enzyme immunoassay and the STT algorithm. We observed that more antigens became positive as Lyme disease progressed from early to late stages. We selected three antigens (3Ag) to include in the mChip-Ld: VlsE and a proprietary synthetic 33-mer peptide (PepVF) to capture sensitivity in all disease stages and OspC for early Lyme disease. With the specificity set at 95%, the sensitivity of the mChip-Ld with 3Ag ranged from 80% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56% to 94%) and 85% (95% CI, 74% to 96%) for two panels of serum from patients with early Lyme disease and was 100% (95% CI, 83% to 100%) for serum from patients with Lyme arthritis; the STT algorithm detected early Lyme disease in the same two panels of serum from patients with early Lyme disease with a sensitivity of 48.5% and 75% and Lyme arthritis in serum from patients with Lyme arthritis with a sensitivity of 100%, and the specificity was 97.5% to 100%. The mChip-Ld platform outperformed the STT algorithm according to sensitivity. These results open the door for the development of a single, rapid, multiplexed diagnostic test for point-of-care use that can be designed to identify the Lyme disease stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth Arumugam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samiksha Nayak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Mariana Soares Guedes
- Immuno Technologies Inc., Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | - Adriana R Marques
- Lyme Disease Studies Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Susan J Wong
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Axelrod Institute, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Samuel K Sia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Gomes-Solecki
- Immuno Technologies Inc., Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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20
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Malekjahani A, Sindhwani S, Syed AM, Chan WCW. Engineering Steps for Mobile Point-of-Care Diagnostic Devices. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2406-2414. [PMID: 31430118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mobile phone technology is a perfect companion for point-of-care diagnostics as they come equipped with advanced processors, high resolution cameras, and network connectivity. Despite several academic pursuits, only a few mobile phone diagnostics have been tested in the field, commercialized or achieved regulatory approval. This review will address the challenges associated with developing mobile diagnostics and suggest strategies to overcome them. We aim to provide a resource for researchers to accelerate the development of new diagnostics. Our Account includes an overview of published mobile phone diagnostics and highlights lessons learned from their approach to diagnostic development. Also, we have included recommendations from regulatory and public health agencies, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and World Health Organization, to further guide researchers. We believe that the development of mobile phone point-of-care diagnostics takes place in four distinct steps: (1) Needs and Value Assessment, (2) Technology Development, (3) Preclinical Verification, and (4) Clinical Validation and Field Trials. During each step, we outline developmental strategies to help researchers avoid potential challenges. (1) Researchers commonly develop devices to maximize technical parameters such as sensitivity and time which do not necessarily translate to increased clinical impact. Researchers must focus on assessing specific diagnostic needs and the value which a potential device would offer. (2) Often, researchers claim they have developed devices for feasible implementation at the point-of-care, yet they rely on laboratory resources. Researchers must develop equipment-free devices which are agnostic to any mobile phone. (3) Another challenge researchers face is decreased performance during field evaluations relative to initial laboratory verification. Researchers must ensure that they simulate the field conditions during laboratory verification to achieve successful translation. (4) Finally, proper field testing of devices must be performed in conditions which match that of the final intended use. The future of mobile phone point-of-care diagnostic devices is bright and has the potential to radically change how patients are diagnosed. Before we reach this point, researchers must take a step backward and focus on the first-principles of basic research. The widespread adoption and rapid scaling of these devices can only be achieved once the fundamentals have been considered. The insights and strategies provided here will help researchers avoid pitfalls, streamline development and make better decisions during the development of new diagnostics. Further, we believe this Account can help push the field of mobile diagnostics toward increased productivity, leading to more approved devices and ultimately helping curb the burden of disease worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayden Malekjahani
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto, 164 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Shrey Sindhwani
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto, 164 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Abdullah Muhammad Syed
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto, 164 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Warren C. W. Chan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto, 164 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
- Donnelly Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
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21
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Guest FL. Early Detection and Treatment of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: Future Perspectives. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1118:295-317. [PMID: 30747429 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05542-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease affects approximately 6% of people over the age of 65 years. It is characterized as chronic degeneration of cortical neurons, with loss of memory, cognition and executive functions. As the disease progresses, it is accompanied by accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in key areas of the brain, leading to a loss of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, along with changes in the levels of essential neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and glutamate. Individuals with concomitant diseases such as depression, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders have a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, and those who have a healthier diet and partake in regular exercise and intellectual stimulation have a lower risk of developing the disorder. This chapter describes the advances made in early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease as this could help to improve outcomes for the patients by facilitating earlier treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca L Guest
- Taunton and Somerset NHS Trust, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, Somerset, UK.
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22
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Dincer C, Bruch R, Costa-Rama E, Fernández-Abedul MT, Merkoçi A, Manz A, Urban GA, Güder F. Disposable Sensors in Diagnostics, Food, and Environmental Monitoring. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806739. [PMID: 31094032 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Disposable sensors are low-cost and easy-to-use sensing devices intended for short-term or rapid single-point measurements. The growing demand for fast, accessible, and reliable information in a vastly connected world makes disposable sensors increasingly important. The areas of application for such devices are numerous, ranging from pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, forensic, and food sciences to wearables and clinical diagnostics, especially in resource-limited settings. The capabilities of disposable sensors can extend beyond measuring traditional physical quantities (for example, temperature or pressure); they can provide critical chemical and biological information (chemo- and biosensors) that can be digitized and made available to users and centralized/decentralized facilities for data storage, remotely. These features could pave the way for new classes of low-cost systems for health, food, and environmental monitoring that can democratize sensing across the globe. Here, a brief insight into the materials and basics of sensors (methods of transduction, molecular recognition, and amplification) is provided followed by a comprehensive and critical overview of the disposable sensors currently used for medical diagnostics, food, and environmental analysis. Finally, views on how the field of disposable sensing devices will continue its evolution are discussed, including the future trends, challenges, and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Dincer
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Royal School of Mines, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
- University of Freiburg, Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory for Sensors, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Richard Bruch
- University of Freiburg, Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory for Sensors, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Estefanía Costa-Rama
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Arben Merkoçi
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Manz
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology in Europe, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Gerald Anton Urban
- Laboratory for Sensors, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Firat Güder
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Royal School of Mines, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
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23
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Garg N, Boyle D, Randall A, Teng A, Pablo J, Liang X, Camerini D, Lee AP. Rapid immunodiagnostics of multiple viral infections in an acoustic microstreaming device with serum and saliva samples. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1524-1533. [PMID: 30806409 PMCID: PMC6478527 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01303a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing need to screen multiple infections simultaneously rather than diagnosis of one pathogen at a time in order to improve the quality of healthcare while saving initial screening time and reduce costs. This is the first demonstration of a five-step protein array assay for the multiplexed detection of HIV, HPV and HSV antibodies on an integrated microfluidic system. HIV, HPV and HSV reactive antibodies from both serum and saliva were rapidly detected by acoustic streaming-based mixing and pumping to enable an integrated, rapid and simple-to-use multiplexed assay device. We validated this device with 37 serum and saliva samples to verify reactivity of patient antibodies with HIV, HPV and HSV antigens. Our technology can be adapted with different protein microarrays to detect a variety of other infections, thus demonstrating a powerful platform to detect multiple putative protein biomarkers for rapid detection of infectious diseases. This integrated microfluidic protein array platform is the basis of a potent strategy to delay progression of primary infection, reduce the risk of co-infections and prevent onward transmission of infections by point-of-care detection of multiple pathogens in both serum and oral fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Garg
- Henry Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Advanced Design and Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Dylan Boyle
- Henry Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Advanced Design and Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Andy Teng
- Antigen Discovery Incorporated, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | | | - David Camerini
- Antigen Discovery Incorporated, Irvine, CA, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Abraham P. Lee
- Henry Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Henry Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Advanced Design and Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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24
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O'Sullivan S, Ali Z, Jiang X, Abdolvand R, Ünlü MS, Silva HPD, Baca JT, Kim B, Scott S, Sajid MI, Moradian S, Mansoorzare H, Holzinger A. Developments in Transduction, Connectivity and AI/Machine Learning for Point-of-Care Testing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E1917. [PMID: 31018573 PMCID: PMC6515310 DOI: 10.3390/s19081917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We review some emerging trends in transduction, connectivity and data analytics for Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) of infectious and non-communicable diseases. The patient need for POCT is described along with developments in portable diagnostics, specifically in respect of Lab-on-chip and microfluidic systems. We describe some novel electrochemical and photonic systems and the use of mobile phones in terms of hardware components and device connectivity for POCT. Developments in data analytics that are applicable for POCT are described with an overview of data structures and recent AI/Machine learning trends. The most important methodologies of machine learning, including deep learning methods, are summarised. The potential value of trends within POCT systems for clinical diagnostics within Lower Middle Income Countries (LMICs) and the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane O'Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil.
| | - Zulfiqur Ali
- Healthcare Innovation Centre, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK.
| | - Xiaoyi Jiang
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.
| | - Reza Abdolvand
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - M Selim Ünlü
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | | | - Justin T Baca
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Brian Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Simon Scott
- Healthcare Innovation Centre, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK.
| | - Mohammed Imran Sajid
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, Wirral University Teaching Hospital, Wirral CH49 5PE, UK.
| | - Sina Moradian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Hakhamanesh Mansoorzare
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Andreas Holzinger
- Institute for interactive Systems and Data Science, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8074, Austria.
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria.
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25
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Proteomic Studies of Psychiatric Disorders. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2019; 1735:59-89. [PMID: 29380307 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7614-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Many diseases result from programming effects in utero. This chapter describes recent advances in proteomic studies which have improved our understanding of the underlying pathophysiological pathways in the major psychiatric disorders, resulting in the development of potential novel biomarker tests. Such tests should be based on measurement of blood-based proteins given the ease of accessibility of this medium and the known connections between the periphery and the central nervous system. Most importantly, emerging biomarker tests should be developed on lab-on-a-chip and other handheld devices to enable point-of-care use. This should help to identify individuals with psychiatric disorders much sooner than ever before, which will allow more rapid treatment options for the best possible patient outcomes.
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Christodouleas DC, Kaur B, Chorti P. From Point-of-Care Testing to eHealth Diagnostic Devices (eDiagnostics). ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:1600-1616. [PMID: 30648144 PMCID: PMC6311959 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care devices were originally designed to allow medical testing at or near the point of care by health-care professionals. Some point-of-care devices allow medical self-testing at home but cannot fully cover the growing diagnostic needs of eHealth systems that are under development in many countries. A number of easy-to-use, network-connected diagnostic devices for self-testing are needed to allow remote monitoring of patients' health. This Outlook highlights the essential characteristics of diagnostic devices for eHealth settings and indicates point-of-care technologies that may lead to the development of new devices. It also describes the most representative examples of simple-to-use, point-of-care devices that have been used for analysis of untreated biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balwinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Parthena Chorti
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
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27
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"The Smartphone's Guide to the Galaxy": In Situ Analysis in Space. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8040096. [PMID: 30347742 PMCID: PMC6316803 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A human mission to Mars can be viewed as the apex of human technological achievement. However, to make this dream a reality several obstacles need to be overcome. One is devising practical ways to safeguard the crew health during the mission through the development of easy operable and compact sensors. Lately, several smartphone-based sensing devices (SBDs) with the purpose to enable the immediate sensitive detection of chemicals, proteins or pathogens in remote settings have emerged. In this critical review, the potential to piggyback these systems for in situ analysis in space has been investigated on application of a systematic keyword search whereby the most relevant articles were examined comprehensively and existing SBDs were divided into 4 relevant groups for the monitoring of crew health during space missions. Recently developed recognition elements (REs), which could offer the enhanced ability to tolerate those harsh conditions in space, have been reviewed with recommendations offered. In addition, the potential use of cell free synthetic biology to obtain long-term shelf-stable reagents was reviewed. Finally, a synopsis of the possibilities of combining novel SBD, RE and nanomaterials to create a compact sensor-platform ensuring adequate crew health monitoring has been provided.
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Sharafeldin M, Jones A, Rusling JF. 3D-Printed Biosensor Arrays for Medical Diagnostics. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E394. [PMID: 30424327 PMCID: PMC6187244 DOI: 10.3390/mi9080394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
While the technology is relatively new, low-cost 3D printing has impacted many aspects of human life. 3D printers are being used as manufacturing tools for a wide variety of devices in a spectrum of applications ranging from diagnosis to implants to external prostheses. The ease of use, availability of 3D-design software and low cost has made 3D printing an accessible manufacturing and fabrication tool in many bioanalytical research laboratories. 3D printers can print materials with varying density, optical character, strength and chemical properties that provide the user with a vast array of strategic options. In this review, we focus on applications in biomedical diagnostics and how this revolutionary technique is facilitating the development of low-cost, sensitive, and often geometrically complex tools. 3D printing in the fabrication of microfluidics, supporting equipment, and optical and electronic components of diagnostic devices is presented. Emerging diagnostics systems using 3D bioprinting as a tool to incorporate living cells or biomaterials into 3D printing is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry (U-3060), University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Abby Jones
- Department of Chemistry (U-3060), University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - James F Rusling
- Department of Chemistry (U-3060), University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Department of Surgery and Neag Cancer Center, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
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Abstract
Meeting policy requirements is essential for advancing molecular diagnostic devices from the laboratory to real-world applications and commercialization. Considering policy as a starting point in the design of new technology is a winning strategy. Rapid developments have put mobile biosensors at the frontier of molecular diagnostics, at times outpacing policymakers, and therefore offering new opportunities for breakthroughs in global health. In this Perspective we survey influential global health policies and recent developments in mobile biosensing in order to gain a new perspective for the future of the field. We summarize the main requirements for mobile diagnostics outlined by policy makers such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the European Union (EU), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We then classify current mobile diagnostic technologies according to the manner in which the biosensor interfaces with a smartphone. We observe a trend in reducing hardware components and substituting instruments and laborious data processing steps for user-friendly apps. From this perspective we see software application developers as key collaborators for bridging the gap between policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Russell
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Roberto de la Rica
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
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30
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Zarei M. Infectious pathogens meet point-of-care diagnostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 106:193-203. [PMID: 29428589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The field of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics provides the rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases which is essential and critical for improving the general public health in resource-limited settings. POC platforms offer many advantages for detection of various pathogens including portability, automation, speed, cost, and efficiency. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent trends for POC diagnostics of infectious diseases with focus on portable platforms. We review here the present status of POC platforms, emphasizing in period of the past three years, then extrapolate their advance into the future applications for diagnosis of infectious pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Chemical and Civil Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, P.O. Box 66177, Kurdistan Province 66618-36336, Iran.
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31
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Shin J, Chakravarty S, Choi W, Lee K, Han D, Hwang H, Choi J, Jung HI. Mobile diagnostics: next-generation technologies forin vitrodiagnostics. Analyst 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01945a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of a wide range of applications of smartphones along with advances in ‘liquid biopsy’ has significantly propelled medical research particularly in the field ofin vitrodiagnostics (IVD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonchul Shin
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sudesna Chakravarty
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
- Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseok Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungyeon Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
- Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Hyo-Il Jung
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 03722
- Republic of Korea
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32
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Wang H, Sun Y, Yue W, Kang Q, Li H, Shen D. A smartphone-based double-channel fluorescence setup for immunoassay of a carcinoembryonic antigen using CuS nanoparticles for signal amplification. Analyst 2018; 143:1670-1678. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01988b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers is valuable for clinical diagnosis and treatment assessment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghai Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of MoleCular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of MoleCular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Weiwei Yue
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of MoleCular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Qi Kang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of MoleCular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Huijuan Li
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Shandong University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao
- P.R. China
| | - Dazhong Shen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of MoleCular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
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Abstract
This chapter describes innovations in biomarker testing that can facilitate earlier and better treatment of patients who suffer from metabolic disorders. The use of new microfluidic devices along with miniaturized biosensors and transducers enables analysis of a single drop of a blood within the time frame of a typical visit to a doctor's office. Steps are underway so that these approaches will incorporate both biochemical and clinical data, resulting in unique bioprofiles for each patient. This will allow earlier, personalized, and more effective therapeutic options. In addition, smartphone apps for self-monitoring will be used increasingly for the best possible patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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34
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Hou Y, Wang K, Xiao K, Qin W, Lu W, Tao W, Cui D. Smartphone-Based Dual-Modality Imaging System for Quantitative Detection of Color or Fluorescent Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strips. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:291. [PMID: 28438012 PMCID: PMC5400777 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, lateral flow immunochromatographic assays are increasingly popular as a diagnostic tool for point-of-care (POC) test based on their simplicity, specificity, and sensitivity. Hence, quantitative detection and pluralistic popular application are urgently needed in medical examination. In this study, a smartphone-based dual-modality imaging system was developed for quantitative detection of color or fluorescent lateral flow test strips, which can be operated anywhere at any time. In this system, the white and ultra-violet (UV) light of optical device was designed, which was tunable with different strips, and the Sobel operator algorithm was used in the software, which could enhance the identification ability to recognize the test area from the background boundary information. Moreover, this technology based on extraction of the components from RGB format (red, green, and blue) of color strips or only red format of the fluorescent strips can obviously improve the high-signal intensity and sensitivity. Fifty samples were used to evaluate the accuracy of this system, and the ideal detection limit was calculated separately from detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The results indicated that smartphone-controlled dual-modality imaging system could provide various POC diagnoses, which becomes a potential technology for developing the next-generation of portable system in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Hou
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Kun Xiao
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Weijian Qin
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Wenting Lu
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280 China
| | - Wei Tao
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Shanghai, 200240 China
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35
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Peeling RW, Boeras DI, Marinucci F, Easterbrook P. The future of viral hepatitis testing: innovations in testing technologies and approaches. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:699. [PMID: 29143676 PMCID: PMC5688478 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A large burden of undiagnosed hepatitis virus cases remains globally. Despite the 257 million people living with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and 71 million with chronic viraemic HCV infection, most people with hepatitis remain unaware of their infection. Advances in rapid detection technology have created new opportunities for enhancing access to testing and care, as well as monitoring of treatment. This article examines a range of other technological innovations that can be leveraged to provide more affordable and simplified approaches to testing for HBV and HCV infection and monitoring of treatment response. These include improved access to testing through alternative sampling methods (use of dried blood spots, oral fluids, self-testing) and combination rapid diagnostic tests for detection of HIV, HBV and HCV infection; more affordable options for confirmation of virological infection (HBV DNA and HCV RNA) such as point-of-care molecular assays, HCV core antigen and multi-disease polyvalent molecular platforms that make use of existing centralised laboratory based or decentralised TB and HIV instrumentation for viral hepatitis testing; and finally health system improvements such as integration of laboratory services for procurement and sample transportation and enhanced data connectivity to support quality assurance and supply chain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna W Peeling
- Depart of Clinical Research and International Diagnostics Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Debrah I Boeras
- Depart of Clinical Research and International Diagnostics Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | | | - Philippa Easterbrook
- Global Hepatitis Programme, HIV Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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36
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Abstract
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. T. pallidum is renowned for its invasiveness and immune-evasiveness; its clinical manifestations result from local inflammatory responses to replicating spirochaetes and often imitate those of other diseases. The spirochaete has a long latent period during which individuals have no signs or symptoms but can remain infectious. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Syphilis also causes several hundred thousand stillbirths and neonatal deaths every year in developing nations. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen. Strong advocacy and community involvement are needed to ensure that syphilis is given a high priority on the global health agenda. More investment is needed in research on the interaction between HIV and syphilis in MSM as well as into improved diagnostics, a better test of cure, intensified public health measures and, ultimately, a vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna W Peeling
- London School of Hygiene &Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - David Mabey
- London School of Hygiene &Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Mary L Kamb
- Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiang-Sheng Chen
- National Center for STD Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China
| | - Justin D Radolf
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Adele S Benzaken
- Department of Surveillance, Prevention and Control of STI, HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis, Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil
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37
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Majors CE, Smith CA, Natoli ME, Kundrod KA, Richards-Kortum R. Point-of-care diagnostics to improve maternal and neonatal health in low-resource settings. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:3351-3387. [PMID: 28832061 PMCID: PMC5636680 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Each day, approximately 830 women and 7400 newborns die from complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Improving maternal and neonatal health will require bringing rapid diagnosis and treatment to the point of care in low-resource settings. However, to date there are few diagnostic tools available that can be used at the point of care to detect the leading causes of maternal and neonatal mortality in low-resource settings. Here we review both commercially available diagnostics and technologies that are currently in development to detect the leading causes of maternal and neonatal mortality, highlighting key gaps in development where innovative design could increase access to technology and enable rapid diagnosis at the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Majors
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-142, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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38
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Chan HN, Tan MJA, Wu H. Point-of-care testing: applications of 3D printing. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:2713-2739. [PMID: 28702608 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00397h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) devices fulfil a critical need in the modern healthcare ecosystem, enabling the decentralized delivery of imperative clinical strategies in both developed and developing worlds. To achieve diagnostic utility and clinical impact, POCT technologies are immensely dependent on effective translation from academic laboratories out to real-world deployment. However, the current research and development pipeline is highly bottlenecked owing to multiple restraints in material, cost, and complexity of conventionally available fabrication techniques. Recently, 3D printing technology has emerged as a revolutionary, industry-compatible method enabling cost-effective, facile, and rapid manufacturing of objects. This has allowed iterative design-build-test cycles of various things, from microfluidic chips to smartphone interfaces, that are geared towards point-of-care applications. In this review, we focus on highlighting recent works that exploit 3D printing in developing POCT devices, underscoring its utility in all analytical steps. Moreover, we also discuss key advantages of adopting 3D printing in the device development pipeline and identify promising opportunities in 3D printing technology that can benefit global health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Nam Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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39
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Plevniak K, Campbell M. 3D printed microfluidic mixer for point-of-care diagnosis of anemia. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2016:267-270. [PMID: 28268328 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7590691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
3D printing has been an emerging fabrication tool in prototyping and manufacturing. We demonstrated a 3D microfluidic simulation guided computer design and 3D printer prototyping for quick turnaround development of microfluidic 3D mixers, which allows fast self-mixing of reagents with blood through capillary force. Combined with smartphone, the point-of-care diagnosis of anemia from finger-prick blood has been successfully implemented and showed consistent results with clinical measurements. Capable of 3D fabrication flexibility and smartphone compatibility, this work presents a novel diagnostic strategy for advancing personalized medicine and mobile healthcare.
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40
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Wang Y, Yu L, Kong X, Sun L. Application of nanodiagnostics in point-of-care tests for infectious diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:4789-4803. [PMID: 28740385 PMCID: PMC5503494 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s137338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although tremendous efforts have been put into the treatment of infectious diseases to prevent epidemics and mortality, it is still one of the major health care issues that have a profound impact on humankind. Therefore, the development of specific, sensitive, accurate, rapid, low-cost, and easy-to-use diagnostic tools is still in urgent demand. Nanodiagnostics, defined as the application of nanotechnology to medical diagnostics, can offer many unique opportunities for more successful and efficient diagnosis and treatment for infectious diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the nanodiagnostics for infectious diseases from nanoparticle-based, nanodevice-based, and point-of-care test (POCT) platforms. Most importantly, emphasis focused on the recent trends in the nanotechnology-based POCT system. The current state-of-the-art and most promising point-of-care nanodiagnostic technologies, including miniaturized diagnostic magnetic resonance platform, magnetic barcode assay system, cell phone-based polarized light microscopy platform, cell phone-based dongle platform, and paper-based POCT platform, for infectious diseases were fully examined. The limitations, challenges, and future trends of the nanodiagnostics in POCTs for infectious diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhong Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Kong
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Leming Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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41
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Hu B, Li J, Mou L, Liu Y, Deng J, Qian W, Sun J, Cha R, Jiang X. An automated and portable microfluidic chemiluminescence immunoassay for quantitative detection of biomarkers. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:2225-2234. [PMID: 28573279 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic platforms capable of automated, rapid, sensitive, and quantitative detection of biomarkers from patient samples could make a major impact on clinical or point-of-care (POC) diagnosis. In this work, we realize an automated diagnostic platform composed of two main components: (1) a disposable, self-contained, and integrated microfluidic chip and (2) a portable instrument that carries out completely automated operations. To demonstrate its potential for real-world application, we use injection molding for mass fabrication of the main components of disposable microfluidic chips. The assembled three-layered chip with on-chip mechanical valves for fluid control consists of (1) a top silicone fluidic layer with embedded zigzag microchannels, reagent reservoirs and a negative pressure port, (2) a middle tinfoil layer with patterned antibody/antigen stripes, and (3) a bottom silicone substrate layer with waste reservoirs. The versatility of the microfluidics-based system is demonstrated by implementation of a chemiluminescence immunoassay for quantitative detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) and testosterone in real clinical samples. This lab-on-a-chip platform with features of quantitation, portability and automation provides a promising strategy for POC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binfeng Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
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42
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Gong MM, Sinton D. Turning the Page: Advancing Paper-Based Microfluidics for Broad Diagnostic Application. Chem Rev 2017. [PMID: 28627178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major global health issue. Diagnosis is a critical first step in effectively managing their spread. Paper-based microfluidic diagnostics first emerged in 2007 as a low-cost alternative to conventional laboratory testing, with the goal of improving accessibility to medical diagnostics in developing countries. In this review, we examine the advances in paper-based microfluidic diagnostics for medical diagnosis in the context of global health from 2007 to 2016. The theory of fluid transport in paper is first presented. The next section examines the strategies that have been employed to control fluid and analyte transport in paper-based assays. Tasks such as mixing, timing, and sequential fluid delivery have been achieved in paper and have enabled analytical capabilities comparable to those of conventional laboratory methods. The following section examines paper-based sample processing and analysis. The most impactful advancement here has been the translation of nucleic acid analysis to a paper-based format. Smartphone-based analysis is another exciting development with potential for wide dissemination. The last core section of the review highlights emerging health applications, such as male fertility testing and wearable diagnostics. We conclude the review with the future outlook, remaining challenges, and emerging opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
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43
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Zarei M. Portable biosensing devices for point-of-care diagnostics: Recent developments and applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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44
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Nayak S, Blumenfeld NR, Laksanasopin T, Sia SK. Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Recent Developments in a Connected Age. Anal Chem 2017; 89:102-123. [PMID: 27958710 PMCID: PMC5793870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Nayak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Nicole R. Blumenfeld
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Tassaneewan Laksanasopin
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Samuel K. Sia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
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45
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Guest PC. Multiplex Biomarker Approaches to Enable Point-of-Care Testing and Personalized Medicine. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1546:311-315. [PMID: 27896781 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6730-8_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This chapter describes how current and future innovations driven by application of multiplex biomarker techniques can help in earlier and more efficacious treatment of patients, suffering from the world's most devastating and costly diseases. The application of new miniaturized biosensors and transducers will enable point-of-care testing by facilitating analysis of a single drop of a blood within the time span of a visit to the doctor's office. It is anticipated that the scoring algorithms used with future tests will incorporate both biochemical and clinical data, resulting in specific profiles for each patient or tested subject to enable personalized medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 255 F/01, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-862, Campinas, Brazil
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46
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Proteomic Approaches to Enable Point-of-Care Testing and Personalized Medicine for Psychiatric Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 974:363-370. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-52479-5_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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47
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Wang LJ, Chang YC, Sun R, Li L. A multichannel smartphone optical biosensor for high-throughput point-of-care diagnostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 87:686-692. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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48
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Li J, Ding C, Lin Y, Sun W, Luo C. An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for indirect hemin detection based on aptamer recognition materials. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MGO@H-Atp@Co-PP polymers were successfully prepared and used to construct a MGO@H-Atp@Co-PP-CL aptasensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Chaofan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Yanna Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Weiyan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Chuannan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
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49
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Kwon YI. A Review of the Characteristics of Early Apparatus and Methods for Hemoglobin Estimation. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2016.48.4.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Il Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu 11644, Korea
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50
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Nayak S, Sridhara A, Melo R, Richer L, Chee NH, Kim J, Linder V, Steinmiller D, Sia SK, Gomes-Solecki M. Microfluidics-based point-of-care test for serodiagnosis of Lyme Disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35069. [PMID: 27725740 PMCID: PMC5057150 DOI: 10.1038/srep35069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, diagnostic testing for Lyme disease is done by determination of the serologic responses to Borrelia burgdorferi antigens, with the exception of the early localized phase of disease where diagnosis must be done clinically. Here, we describe the use of microfluidics technology to develop a multiplexed rapid lab-on-a-chip point of care (POC) assay for the serologic diagnosis of human Lyme disease. Following ELISA screening of 12 candidate antigens, we tested 8 on a microfluidic diagnostic system, called mChip-Ld, using a set of 60 serological samples. The mChip-Ld test, which can be performed in 15 minutes at the point of care, showed promising performance for detection of antibodies to B. burgdorferi using the PPO triplex test (rP100 + PepVF + rOspC-K, AUC of 0.844) compared to a gold-standard reference of culture confirmed clinical samples. The performance is comparable to the commonly used C6 peptide by lab-based ELISA. In addition, the mChip-Ld test showed promising performance for early-stage diagnosis of the disease using the antigen OspC-K (sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 92%, respectively; AUC of 0.877). Overall, this study underscores the potential of using microfluidics to aid the diagnosis of Lyme disease at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Nayak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Archana Sridhara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rita Melo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Luciana Richer
- Immuno Technologies Inc, 20 South Dudley St, Memphis TN 38103, USA
| | - Natalie H. Chee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Vincent Linder
- OPKO Diagnostics, LLC, 4 Constitution Way, Suite E, Woburn, MA, 01801, USA
| | - David Steinmiller
- OPKO Diagnostics, LLC, 4 Constitution Way, Suite E, Woburn, MA, 01801, USA
| | - Samuel K. Sia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Maria Gomes-Solecki
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 858 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
- Immuno Technologies Inc, 20 South Dudley St, Memphis TN 38103, USA
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