1
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Lee SM, Doeven EH, Yuan D, Guijt RM. Method for lysis and paper-based elution-free DNA extraction with colourimetric isothermal amplification. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14479. [PMID: 38914553 PMCID: PMC11196276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid amplification testing has great potential for point-of-need diagnostic testing with high detection sensitivity and specificity. Current sample preparation is limited by a tedious workflow requiring multiple steps, reagents and instrumentation, hampering nucleic acid testing at point of need. In this study, we present the use of mixed cellulose ester (MCE) paper for DNA binding by ionic interaction under molecular crowding conditions and fluid transport by wicking. The poly(ethylene) glycol-based (PEG) reagent simultaneously provides the high pH for alkaline lysis and crowding effects for ionic binding of the DNA under high salt conditions. In this study, we introduce Paper-based Abridged Solid-Phase Extraction with Alkaline Poly(ethylene) Glycol Lysis (PASAP). The anionic mixed cellulose ester (MCE) paper is used as solid phase and allows for fluid transport by wicking, eliminating the need for pipetting skills and the use of a magnet to retain beads. Following the release of DNA from the cells due to the lytic activity of the PASAP solution, the DNA binds to the anionic surface of the MCE paper, concentrating at the bottom while the sample matrix is transported towards the top by wicking. The paper was washed by dipping it in 40% isopropanol for 10 s. After air-drying for 30 s, the bottom section of the paper (3 mm × 4 mm) was snapped off using the cap of a PCR tube and immersed in the colourimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (cLAMP) solution for direct amplification and colourimetric detection. The total sample processing was completed in 15 min and ready for amplification. cLAMP enabled the detection of 102 CFU/mL of Escherichia coli (E. coli) from culture media and the detection of E. coli in milk < 103 CFU/mL (10 CFU) after incubation at 68 °C for 60 min, demonstrating applicability of the method to complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Min Lee
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures (CeRRF), Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Egan H Doeven
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures (CeRRF), Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Dan Yuan
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures (CeRRF), Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Rosanne M Guijt
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures (CeRRF), Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
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2
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Bezinge L, Shih CJ, Richards DA, deMello AJ. Electrochemical Paper-Based Microfluidics: Harnessing Capillary Flow for Advanced Diagnostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401148. [PMID: 38801400 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical paper-based microfluidics has attracted much attention due to the promise of transforming point-of-care diagnostics by facilitating quantitative analysis with low-cost and portable analyzers. Such devices harness capillary flow to transport samples and reagents, enabling bioassays to be executed passively. Despite exciting demonstrations of capillary-driven electrochemical tests, conventional methods for fabricating electrodes on paper impede capillary flow, limit fluidic pathways, and constrain accessible device architectures. This account reviews recent developments in paper-based electroanalytical devices and offers perspective by revisiting key milestones in lateral flow tests and paper-based microfluidics engineering. The study highlights the benefits associated with electrochemical sensing and discusses how the detection modality can be leveraged to unlock novel functionalities. Particular focus is given to electrofluidic platforms that embed electrodes into paper for enhanced biosensing applications. Together, these innovations pave the way for diagnostic technologies that offer portability, quantitative analysis, and seamless integration with digital healthcare, all without compromising the simplicity of commercially available rapid diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léonard Bezinge
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Daniel A Richards
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
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3
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Barra M, Chang M, Salcedo MP, Schmeler K, Scheurer M, Maza M, Lopez L, Alfaro K, Richards-Kortum R. Single-tube four-target lateral flow assay detects human papillomavirus types associated with majority of cervical cancers. Anal Biochem 2024; 688:115480. [PMID: 38331373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods have many advantages for use at the point of care. However, there is a lack of multiplexed isothermal amplification tests to detect multiple targets in a single reaction, which would be valuable for many diseases, such as infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV). In this study, we developed a multiplexed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction to detect the three most common hrHPV types that cause cervical cancer (HPV16, HPV18, and HPV45) and a cellular control for sample adequacy. First, we characterized the assay limit of detection (LOD) in a real-time reaction with fluorescence readout; after 30 min of amplification the LOD was 100, 10, and 10 copies/reaction of HPV16, HPV18, and HPV45, respectively, and 0.1 ng/reaction of human genomic DNA (gDNA). Next, we implemented the assay on lateral flow strips, and the LOD was maintained for HPV16 and HPV18, but increased to 100 copies/reaction for HPV45 and to 1 ng/reaction for gDNA. Lastly, we used the LAMP test to evaluate total nucleic acid extracted from 38 clinical samples; compared to qPCR, the LAMP test had 89% sensitivity and 95% specificity. When integrated with sample preparation, this multiplexed LAMP assay could be useful for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Barra
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Megan Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mila P Salcedo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mauricio Maza
- Basic Health International, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Leticia Lopez
- Basic Health International, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Karla Alfaro
- Basic Health International, San Salvador, El Salvador
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4
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Ahuja S, Tallur S, Kondabagil K. Simultaneous microbial capture and nucleic acid extraction from wastewater with minimal pre-processing and high recovery efficiency. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170347. [PMID: 38336063 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated research towards developing low-cost assays for automated urban wastewater monitoring assay that can be integrated into an environmental surveillance system for early warning of frequent disease outbreaks and future pandemics. Microbial concentration is one of the most challenging steps in wastewater surveillance, due to the sample heterogeneity and low pathogen load. Keeping in mind the requirements of large-scale testing in densely populated low- or middle-income countries (LMICs), such assays would need to be low-cost and have rapid turnaround time with high recovery efficiency. In this study, two such methods are presented and evaluated against commercially available kits for pathogen detection in wastewater. The first method utilizes paper dipsticks while the second method comprises of a PTFE membrane filter (PMF) integrated with a peristaltic pump. Both methods were used to concentrate and isolate nucleic acids from different microbes such as SARS-CoV-2, pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), bacteriophage Phi6, and E. coli from wastewater samples with minimal or no sample pre-processing. While the paper dipstick method is suitable for sub-milliliter sample volume, the PMF method can be used with larger volumes of wastewater sample (40 mL) and can detect multiple microbes with recovery efficiency comparable to commercially available kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Ahuja
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Siddharth Tallur
- Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Kiran Kondabagil
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
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5
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Bai H, Liu Y, Gao L, Wang T, Zhang X, Hu J, Ding L, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wang L, Li J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Shen C, Ying B, Niu X, Hu W. A portable all-in-one microfluidic device with real-time colorimetric LAMP for HPV16 and HPV18 DNA point-of-care testing. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115968. [PMID: 38150799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Screening for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important preventative measures for cervical cancer. However, fast, convenient, and low-cost HPV detection remains challenging, especially in resource-limited settings. Here, we report a portable all-in-one device (PAD) for point-of-care testing (POCT) for HPV16 and HPV18 DNA in cervical swabs. The PAD was engineered to integrate modules for extraction-free sample lysis, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with lyophilized reagent beads, and real-time colorimetric signal sensing into a single miniaturized device, considerably shortening the sample-to-result time to 15 min. The precision liquid handling in the completely sealed microfluidic chip is achieved by a uniquely designed pressure-balanced automatic liquid flow mechanism, thereby eliminating the need for manual manipulation of liquids and thus the risk of biohazards. The PAD employs an improved real-time colorimetric LAMP (rcLAMP) assay with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1 copy/μL, enabled by enhanced assay chemistry to maximize the reaction kinetics. To validate this device for clinical application, we tested 206 clinical cervical swab samples and obtained a sensitivity of 92.1% and a specificity of 99.0%. This custom PAD enabled by microfluidic and electronic engineering techniques can be configured for the simultaneous detection of HPV16 and HPV18 or other pathogens in point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Linbo Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lisha Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yueting Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Wang
- One-Chip Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- One-Chip Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- One-Chip Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chenlan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Niu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wenchuang Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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6
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Bartosik M, Moranova L, Izadi N, Strmiskova J, Sebuyoya R, Holcakova J, Hrstka R. Advanced technologies towards improved HPV diagnostics. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29409. [PMID: 38293790 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomaviruses (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer, and an important factor in other malignancies, for example, head and neck cancer. Despite recent progress in screening and vaccination, the incidence and mortality are still relatively high, especially in low-income countries. The mortality and financial burden associated with the treatment could be decreased if a simple, rapid, and inexpensive technology for HPV testing becomes available, targeting individuals for further monitoring with increased risk of developing cancer. Commercial HPV tests available in the market are often relatively expensive, time-consuming, and require sophisticated instrumentation, which limits their more widespread utilization. To address these challenges, novel technologies are being implemented also for HPV diagnostics that include for example, isothermal amplification techniques, lateral flow assays, CRISPR-Cas-based systems, as well as microfluidics, paperfluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices, ideal for point-of-care testing in decentralized settings. In this review, we first evaluate current commercial HPV tests, followed by a description of advanced technologies, explanation of their principles, critical evaluation of their strengths and weaknesses, and suggestions for their possible implementation into medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bartosik
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Moranova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nasim Izadi
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Johana Strmiskova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ravery Sebuyoya
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Holcakova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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7
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Bravo-González S, González-González E, Perales-Salinas V, Rodríguez-Sánchez IP, Ortiz-Castillo JE, Vargas-Martínez A, Perez-Gonzalez VH, Luna-Aguirre CM, Trujillo-de Santiago G, Alvarez MM. Self-Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 from Saliva Samples at Home: Isothermal Amplification Enabled by Do-It-Yourself Portable Incubators and Laminated Poly-ethyl Sulfonate Membranes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:221. [PMID: 38275468 PMCID: PMC10814948 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 made explicit the need for rethinking the way in which we conduct testing for epidemic emergencies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the dependence on centralized lab facilities and resource-intensive methodologies (e.g., RT-qPCR methods) greatly limited the deployment of widespread testing efforts in many developed and underdeveloped countries. Here, we illustrate the development of a simple and portable diagnostic kit that enables self-diagnosis of COVID-19 at home from saliva samples. We describe the development of a do-it-yourself (DIY) incubator for Eppendorf tubes that can be used to conduct SARS-CoV-2 detection with competitive sensitivity and selectivity from saliva at home. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we assembled Eppendorf-tube incubators at our home shop, prepared a single-tube mix of reagents and LAMP primers in our lab, and deployed these COVID-19 detection kits using urban delivery systems (i.e., Rappifavor or Uber) to more than 15 different locations in Monterrey, México. This straightforward strategy enabled rapid and cost-effective at-home molecular diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 from real saliva samples with a high sensitivity (100%) and high selectivity (87%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Bravo-González
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | - Everardo González-González
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | - Valeria Perales-Salinas
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | - Iram Pablo Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular y Estructural, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, NL, Mexico;
- Alfa Medical Center, Guadalupe 67100, NL, Mexico
| | - Jose E. Ortiz-Castillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Adriana Vargas-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Victor H. Perez-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Claudia Maribel Luna-Aguirre
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | - Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Mario Moisés Alvarez
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
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8
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Chen Y, Zhu Y, Wang X, Peng C, Wang R, Wang T, Che Y, Wu J, Junfeng Xu. Gravity-driven and rotation-controlled microfluidic chip for point-of-care nucleic acid detection in the fully closed environment. Talanta 2024; 267:125258. [PMID: 37801929 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care nucleic acid detection is essential for diagnosis and food safety, especially in resource-limited areas. This study reports a gravity-driven and rotation-controlled (GR) chip-coupled lateral flow-based assay (LFA) for point-of-care nucleic acid detection. The sample solution is added to the inlet of the GR chip and flows into the loop-medicated isothermal amplification (LAMP) chamber by the action of gravity. After the LAMP reaction, the GR chip is manually rotated to allow the amplified solution to flow into the LFA chamber for result readout. The GR chip integrates the LAMP reaction and LFA in a fully closed environment, avoiding the aerosol contamination problem. The GR chip's simple and ingenious structure simplifies the fabrication and reduces its cost, making it possible for point-of-care and even home self-testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China
| | - Xiaofu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Tingzhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbiol Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yang Che
- Key Laboratory of Microbiol Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, China.
| | - Junfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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9
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Vloemans D, Van Hileghem L, Ordutowski H, Dal Dosso F, Spasic D, Lammertyn J. Self-Powered Microfluidics for Point-of-Care Solutions: From Sampling to Detection of Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2804:3-50. [PMID: 38753138 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3850-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Self-powered microfluidics presents a revolutionary approach to address the challenges of healthcare in decentralized and point-of-care settings where limited access to resources and infrastructure prevails or rapid clinical decision-making is critical. These microfluidic systems exploit physical and chemical phenomena, such as capillary forces and surface tension, to manipulate tiny volumes of fluids without the need for external power sources, making them cost-effective and highly portable. Recent technological advancements have demonstrated the ability to preprogram complex multistep liquid operations within the microfluidic circuit of these standalone systems, which enabled the integration of sensitive detection and readout principles. This chapter first addresses how the accessibility to in vitro diagnostics can be improved by shifting toward decentralized approaches like remote microsampling and point-of-care testing. Next, the crucial role of self-powered microfluidic technologies to enable this patient-centric healthcare transition is emphasized using various state-of-the-art examples, with a primary focus on applications related to biofluid collection and the detection of either proteins or nucleic acids. This chapter concludes with a summary of the main findings and our vision of the future perspectives in the field of self-powered microfluidic technologies and their use for in vitro diagnostics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Vloemans
- Department of Biosystems - Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Henry Ordutowski
- Department of Biosystems - Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Dragana Spasic
- Department of Biosystems - Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- Department of Biosystems - Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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10
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Zou H, Li T, Zhang J, Shao H, Kageyama K, Feng W. Rapid Detection of Colletotrichum siamense from Infected Tea Plants Using Filter-Disc DNA Extraction and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:35-40. [PMID: 37528342 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-23-0913-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The pathogen Colletotrichum siamense causes tea anthracnose, resulting in economic losses to the Chinese tea industry. To effectively diagnose this pathogen in the field, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method using highly specific primers with a sensitivity of 1 pg/μl designed for amplifying the CAL gene, which was 10 times higher than that of conventional PCR. Additionally, to improve the method for obtaining DNA samples required for on-site diagnosis, we used the filter-disc DNA extraction method, which does not require special instruments and can be completed in a few minutes, and found that it effectively meets the requirements for the LAMP reaction. Finally, we combined LAMP with a filter-disc DNA extraction method (FDE-LAMP) to diagnose different degrees of disease in inoculated samples and 20 samples from the field. The results showed that the procedure had sufficient sensitivity for pathogen detection. Therefore, the FDE-LAMP procedure could greatly contribute to managing and preventing tea anthracnose in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Taiwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Huijuan Shao
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Koji Kageyama
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Wenzhuo Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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11
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Gavina K, Franco LC, Khan H, Lavik JP, Relich RF. Molecular point-of-care devices for the diagnosis of infectious diseases in resource-limited settings - A review of the current landscape, technical challenges, and clinical impact. J Clin Virol 2023; 169:105613. [PMID: 37866094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Molecular point-of-care (POC) tests offer high sensitivity, rapid turnaround times, relative ease of use, and the convenience of laboratory-grade testing in the absence of formal laboratory spaces and equipment, making them appealing options for infectious disease diagnosis in resource-limited settings. In this review, we discuss the role and potential of molecular POC tests in resource-limited settings and their associated logistical challenges. We discuss U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval, Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments complexity levels, and the REASSURED criteria as a starting point for assessing options currently available inside and outside of the United States. We then present POC tests currently in research and development phases that have potential for commercialization and implementation in limited-resource settings. Finally, we review published studies that have assessed the clinical impact of molecular POC testing in limited- and moderate-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Gavina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lauren C Franco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Haseeba Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John-Paul Lavik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ryan F Relich
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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12
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Chang MM, Ma A, Novak EN, Barra M, Kundrod KA, Montealegre JR, Scheurer ME, Castle PE, Schmeler K, Richards-Kortum R. A novel tailed primer nucleic acid test for detection of HPV 16, 18 and 45 DNA at the point of care. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20397. [PMID: 37989845 PMCID: PMC10663460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47582-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death for women in low-resource settings despite being preventable through human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, early detection, and treatment of precancerous lesions. The World Health Organization recommends high-risk HPV (hrHPV) as the preferred cervical cancer screening strategy, which is difficult to implement in low-resource settings due to high costs, reliance on centralized laboratory infrastructure, and long sample-to-answer times. To help meet the need for rapid, low-cost, and decentralized cervical cancer screening, we developed tailed primer isothermal amplification and lateral flow detection assays for HPV16, HPV18, and HPV45 DNA. We translated these assays into a self-contained cartridge to achieve multiplexed detection of three hrHPV genotypes in a disposable cartridge. The developed test achieves clinically relevant limits of detection of 50-500 copies per reaction with extracted genomic DNA from HPV-positive cells. Finally, we performed sample-to-answer testing with direct lysates of HPV-negative and HPV-positive cell lines and demonstrated consistent detection of HPV16, HPV18, and HPV45 with 5000-50,000 cells/mL in < 35 min. With additional optimization to improve cartridge reliability, incorporation of additional hrHPV types, and validation with clinical samples, the assay could serve as a point-of-care HPV DNA test that improves access to cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ariel Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Maria Barra
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathryn A Kundrod
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jane Richards Montealegre
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip E Castle
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Lee SM, Balakrishnan HK, Doeven EH, Yuan D, Guijt RM. Chemical Trends in Sample Preparation for Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing (NAAT): A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:980. [PMID: 37998155 PMCID: PMC10669371 DOI: 10.3390/bios13110980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid amplification testing facilitates the detection of disease through specific genomic sequences and is attractive for point-of-need testing (PONT); in particular, the early detection of microorganisms can alert early response systems to protect the public and ecosystems from widespread outbreaks of biological threats, including infectious diseases. Prior to nucleic acid amplification and detection, extensive sample preparation techniques are required to free nucleic acids and extract them from the sample matrix. Sample preparation is critical to maximize the sensitivity and reliability of testing. As the enzymatic amplification reactions can be sensitive to inhibitors from the sample, as well as from chemicals used for lysis and extraction, avoiding inhibition is a significant challenge, particularly when minimising liquid handling steps is also desirable for the translation of the assay to a portable format for PONT. The reagents used in sample preparation for nucleic acid testing, covering lysis and NA extraction (binding, washing, and elution), are reviewed with a focus on their suitability for use in PONT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Min Lee
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures (CeRRF), Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Hari Kalathil Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Egan H. Doeven
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia;
| | - Dan Yuan
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Rosanne M. Guijt
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures (CeRRF), Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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14
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Gupta R, Gupta S. Point-of-care tests for human papillomavirus detection in uterine cervical samples: A review of advances in resource-constrained settings. Indian J Med Res 2023; 158:509-521. [PMID: 38236008 PMCID: PMC10878492 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1143_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Incidence of cervical cancer and associated mortality are still high in resource-constrained countries due to the lack of infrastructural facilities and trained workforce. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening tests offer a better sensitivity (>90%) for the detection of cervical high-grade lesions. However, these tests usually require an extensive laboratory set-up and trained technical staff. Moreover, the high cost of the currently available and approved HPV tests precludes their use in the cervical cancer screening programmes in resource-limited settings. Hence, there is a felt need for a low-cost point-of-care (POC) HPV test with good performance characteristics to help augment cervical cancer screening in such settings. A recent meta-analysis demonstrated a good sensitivity and specificity for two of the commercially available POC HPV tests. The present review discusses the merits and limitations of the current commercially available POC and near-POC devices for HPV-based cervical cancer screening. The technologies that have the potential to be developed into low-cost POC tests and newer promising modalities for HPV-based POC or near POC have also been highlighted. This review underscores the need for collaborative and coordinated research for development of POC or near-POC HPV-based tests to be used in cervical cancer screening. Efforts need to be focussed on technologies that offer ease of performance without the requirement of sophisticated equipment or extensive sample pre-processing coupled with a good sensitivity and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Gupta
- Division of Cytopathology, ICMR-National Institute for Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Chen Y, Hu Y, Lu X. An Integrated Paper Microfluidic Device Based on Isothermal Amplification for Simple Sample-to-Answer Detection of Campylobacter jejuni. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0069523. [PMID: 37382522 PMCID: PMC10370333 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00695-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is recognized as the most common species in the genus Campylobacter that causes foodborne diseases. The main reservoirs harboring C. jejuni are poultry products, which are associated with most illnesses, creating a demand for effective detection methods to achieve point-of-need diagnostics. We developed an easy-to-use, hybrid paper/polymer-based microfluidic device that integrates paper-based DNA extraction, isothermal nucleic acid amplification, and lateral flow detection. Overall, the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) reaction was completed in 20 min and demonstrated 100% specificity to C. jejuni, including 2 reference strains and 6 wild strains isolated from the agroecosystem, 9 other Campylobacter subspecies strains, and 11 non-Campylobacter strains. The limit of detection (LOD) was 46 CFU/mL with DNA extracted on the cellulose paper. The sensitivity was reduced to 460 CFU/mL on the integrated hybrid paper/polymer-based microfluidic device. This device could detect C. jejuni spiked at concentrations ranging from 101 to 102 CFU/g in chicken meat after an enrichment of 5 to 10 h. For C. jejuni levels of >102 CFU/g, it managed to confirm positive results immediately, without bacterial enrichment. RPA reagents and primers remained stable on the paper platform at 22°C for 12 h. After lyophilization and storage on paper, the RPA reaction showed consistent sensitivity for 3 days, and the LOD was reduced to 103 CFU/mL when storage was extended to 25 days. The use of this hybrid paper/polymer-based microfluidic device enabled detection of Campylobacter in foods with high specificity and sensitivity, demonstrating its potential as a reliable point-of-need diagnostic platform for on-site conditions due to its low cost, portability, and simplicity. IMPORTANCE The global health and economic burden of Campylobacter prompts the development of novel detection techniques that can be implemented in resource-limited and on-site settings. This study described point-of-need identification of C. jejuni using a hybrid paper/polymer-based microfluidic device that is easy to operate. This device had high specificity and sensitivity toward C. jejuni and significantly reduced the total analysis time compared to conventional culture-based methods. Nucleic acid extraction was simplified from intensive pipetting to a paper dipstick, making it more convenient for use in the field as a promising tool for future routine surveillance and outbreak investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxuan Chen
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yaxi Hu
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Food Science Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University Macdonald Campus, Quebec, Canada
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16
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Huang Z, Lyon CJ, Wang J, Lu S, Hu TY. CRISPR Assays for Disease Diagnosis: Progress to and Barriers Remaining for Clinical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301697. [PMID: 37162202 PMCID: PMC10369298 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Numerous groups have employed the special properties of CRISPR/Cas systems to develop platforms that have broad potential applications for sensitive and specific detection of nucleic acid (NA) targets. However, few of these approaches have progressed to commercial or clinical applications. This review summarizes the properties of known CRISPR/Cas systems and their applications, challenges associated with the development of such assays, and opportunities to improve their performance or address unmet assay needs using nano-/micro-technology platforms. These include rapid and efficient sample preparation, integrated single-tube, amplification-free, quantifiable, multiplex, and non-NA assays. Finally, this review discusses the current outlook for such assays, including remaining barriers for clinical or point-of-care applications and their commercial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesShenzhen Third People's HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology29 Bulan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518112China
- Center for Cellular and Molecular DiagnosticsTulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AveNew OrleansLA70112USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AveNew OrleansLA70112USA
| | - Christopher J. Lyon
- Center for Cellular and Molecular DiagnosticsTulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AveNew OrleansLA70112USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AveNew OrleansLA70112USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Tolo Biotechnology Company Limited333 Guiping RoadShanghai200233China
| | - Shuihua Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesShenzhen Third People's HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology29 Bulan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518112China
| | - Tony Y. Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular DiagnosticsTulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AveNew OrleansLA70112USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AveNew OrleansLA70112USA
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17
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Kundrod KA, Barra M, Wilkinson A, Smith CA, Natoli ME, Chang MM, Coole JB, Santhanaraj A, Lorenzoni C, Mavume C, Atif H, Montealegre JR, Scheurer ME, Castle PE, Schmeler KM, Richards-Kortum RR. An integrated isothermal nucleic acid amplification test to detect HPV16 and HPV18 DNA in resource-limited settings. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabn4768. [PMID: 37343083 PMCID: PMC10566637 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn4768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing is widely acknowledged as the most sensitive cervical cancer screening method but has limited availability in resource-limited settings, where the burden of cervical cancer is highest. Recently, HPV DNA tests have been developed for use in resource-limited settings, but they remain too costly for widespread use and require instruments that are often limited to centralized laboratories. To help meet the global need for low-cost cervical cancer screening, we developed a prototype, sample-to-answer, point-of-care test for HPV16 and HPV18 DNA. Our test relies on isothermal DNA amplification and lateral flow detection, two technologies that reduce the need for complex instrumentation. We integrated all test components into a low-cost, manufacturable platform, and performance of the integrated test was evaluated with synthetic samples, provider-collected clinical samples in a high-resource setting in the United States, and self-collected clinical samples in a low-resource setting in Mozambique. We demonstrated a clinically relevant limit of detection of 1000 HPV16 or HPV18 DNA copies per test. The test requires six user steps, yields results in 45 min, and can be performed using a benchtop instrument and minicentrifuge by minimally trained personnel. The projected per-test cost is <$5, and the projected instrumentation cost is <$1000. These results show the feasibility of a sample-to-answer, point-of-care HPV DNA test. With the inclusion of other HPV types, this test has the potential to fill a critical gap for decentralized and globally accessible cervical cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Kundrod
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Maria Barra
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Chelsey A Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mary E Natoli
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Megan M Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jackson B Coole
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Cesaltina Lorenzoni
- Ministério da Saúde de Moçambique (MISAU), Hospital Central de Maputo, Hospital Geral de Mavalane, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (UEM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Celda Mavume
- Ministério da Saúde de Moçambique (MISAU), Hospital Central de Maputo, Hospital Geral de Mavalane, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (UEM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Hira Atif
- Ministério da Saúde de Moçambique (MISAU), Hospital Central de Maputo, Hospital Geral de Mavalane, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (UEM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - Michael E Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip E Castle
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen M Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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18
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Rodriguez NM, Burleson G, Linnes JC, Sienko KH. Thinking Beyond the Device: An Overview of Human- and Equity-Centered Approaches for Health Technology Design. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 25:257-280. [PMID: 37068765 PMCID: PMC10640794 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-081922-024834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
A shift in the traditional technocentric view of medical device design to a human-centered one is needed to bridge existing translational gaps and improve health equity. To ensure the successful and equitable adoption of health technology innovations, engineers must think beyond the device and the direct end user and must seek a more holistic understanding of broader stakeholder needs and the intended context of use early in a design process. The objectives of this review article are (a) to provide rationale for the need to incorporate meaningful stakeholder analysis and contextual investigation in health technology development and biomedical engineering pedagogy, (b) to review existing frameworks and human- and equity-centered approaches to stakeholder engagement and contextual investigation for improved adoption of innovative technologies, and (c) to present case studyexamples of medical device design that apply these approaches to bridge the gaps between biomedical engineers and the contexts for which they are designing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Rodriguez
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Grace Burleson
- Design Science, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jacqueline C Linnes
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Kathleen H Sienko
- Design Science, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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19
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Kumar A, Heidari-Bafroui H, Rahmani N, Anagnostopoulos C, Faghri M. Modeling of Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator for Microfluidic Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:580. [PMID: 37366945 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This research explores the dynamics of a fluidically loaded Bi-Material cantilever (B-MaC), a critical component of μPADs (microfluidic paper-based analytical devices) used in point-of-care diagnostics. Constructed from Scotch Tape and Whatman Grade 41 filter paper strips, the B-MaC's behavior under fluid imbibition is examined. A capillary fluid flow model is formulated for the B-MaC, adhering to the Lucas-Washburn (LW) equation, and supported by empirical data. This paper further investigates the stress-strain relationship to estimate the modulus of the B-MaC at various saturation levels and to predict the behavior of the fluidically loaded cantilever. The study shows that the Young's modulus of Whatman Grade 41 filter paper drastically decreases to approximately 20 MPa (about 7% of its dry-state value) upon full saturation. This significant decrease in flexural rigidity, in conjunction with the hygroexpansive strain and coefficient of hygroexpansion (empirically deduced to be 0.008), is essential in determining the B-MaC's deflection. The proposed moderate deflection formulation effectively predicts the B-MaC's behavior under fluidic loading, emphasizing the measurement of maximum (tip) deflection using interfacial boundary conditions for the B-MaC's wet and dry regions. This knowledge of tip deflection will prove instrumental in optimizing the design parameters of B-MaCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Kumar
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Hojat Heidari-Bafroui
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Nassim Rahmani
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Constantine Anagnostopoulos
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Mohammad Faghri
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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20
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Kumari S, Islam M, Gupta A. Paper-based multiplex biosensors for inexpensive healthcare diagnostics: a comprehensive review. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 25:17. [PMID: 37133791 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiplex detection is a smart and an emerging approach in point-of-care testing as it reduces analysis time and testing cost by detecting multiple analytes or biomarkers simultaneously which are crucial for disease detection at an early stage. Application of inexpensive substrate such as paper has immense potential and matter of research interest in the area of point of care testing for multiplexed analysis as it possesses several unique advantages. This study presents the use of paper, strategies adopted to refine the design created on paper and lateral flow strips to enhance the signal, increase the sensitivity and specificity of multiplexed biosensors. An overview of different multiplexed detection studies performed using biological samples has also been reviewed along with the challenges and advantages offered by multiplexed analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrishti Kumari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Monsur Islam
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur 342037, Rajasthan, India.
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21
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Liu W, Lee LP. Toward Rapid and Accurate Molecular Diagnostics at Home. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206525. [PMID: 36416278 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The global outbreaks of infectious diseases have significantly driven an imperative demand for rapid and accurate molecular diagnostics. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) feature high sensitivity and high specificity; however, the labor-intensive sample preparation and nucleic acid amplification steps remain challenging in order to carry out rapid and precision molecular diagnostics at home. This review discusses the advances and challenges of automatic solutions of sample preparation integrated with on-chip nucleic acid amplification for effective and accurate molecular diagnostics at home. The sample preparation methods of whole blood, urine, saliva/nasal swab, and stool on chip are examined. Then, the repurposable integrated sample preparation on a chip using various biological samples is investigated. Finally, the on-chip NAATs that can be integrated with automated sample preparation are evaluated. The user-friendly approaches with combined sample preparation and NAATs can be the game changers for next-generation rapid and precision home diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Liu
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Engineering in Medicine and Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Luke P Lee
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Engineering in Medicine and Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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22
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Sritong N, Sala de Medeiros M, Basing LA, Linnes JC. Promise and perils of paper-based point-of-care nucleic acid detection for endemic and pandemic pathogens. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:888-912. [PMID: 36688463 PMCID: PMC10028599 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00554a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
From HIV and influenza to emerging pathogens like COVID-19, each new infectious disease outbreak has highlighted the need for massively-scalable testing that can be performed outside centralized laboratory settings at the point-of-care (POC) in order to prevent, track, and monitor endemic and pandemic threats. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are highly sensitive and can be developed and scaled within weeks while protein-based rapid tests require months for production. Combining NAATs with paper-based detection platforms are promising due to the manufacturability, scalability, and simplicity of each of these components. Typically, paper-based NAATs consist of three sequential steps: sample collection and preparation, amplification of DNA or RNA from pathogens of interest, and detection. However, these exist within a larger ecosystem of sample collection and interpretation workflow, usability, and manufacturability which can be vastly perturbed during a pandemic emergence. This review aims to explore the challenges of paper-based NAATs covering sample-to-answer procedures along with three main types of clinical samples; blood, urine, and saliva, as well as broader operational, scale up, and regulatory aspects of device development and implementation. To fill the technological gaps in paper-based NAATs, a sample-in-result-out system that incorporates the integrated sample collection, sample preparation, and integrated internal amplification control while also balancing needs of users and manufacturability upfront in the early design process is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaporn Sritong
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | | | - Laud Anthony Basing
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana
| | - Jacqueline C Linnes
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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23
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Heidari-Bafroui H, Kumar A, Hahn C, Scholz N, Charbaji A, Rahmani N, Anagnostopoulos C, Faghri M. Development of a New Lab-on-Paper Microfluidics Platform Using Bi-Material Cantilever Actuators for ELISA on Paper. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:310. [PMID: 36979522 PMCID: PMC10046564 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel and cost-effective lab-on-paper microfluidics platform for performing ELISA autonomously, with no user intervention beyond adding the sample. The platform utilizes two Bi-Material Cantilever Valves placed in a specially designed housing. The integration of these valves in a specific channel network forms a complete fluidic logic circuit for performing ELISA on paper. The housing also incorporates an innovative reagent storage and release mechanism that minimizes variability in the volume of reagents released into the reagent pads. The platform design was optimized to minimize variance in the time of fluid wicking from the reagent pad, using a randomized design of experiment. The platform adheres to the World Health Organization's ASSURED principles. The optimized design was used to conduct an ELISA for detecting rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) in a buffer, with a limit of detection of 2.27 ng/mL and a limit of quantification of 8.33 ng/mL. This represents a 58% improvement over previous ELISA methods for detecting rabbit IgG in buffer using portable microfluidic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojat Heidari-Bafroui
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Cameron Hahn
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Nicholas Scholz
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Amer Charbaji
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Nassim Rahmani
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Constantine Anagnostopoulos
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Mohammad Faghri
- Microfluidics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, 2 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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24
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Gupta A, Adarsh T, Manchanda V, Sasmal PK, Gupta S. COVID-19 detection using AIE-active iridium complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1188-1192. [PMID: 36656120 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03554e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The highly contagious COVID-19, caused by the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is commonly diagnosed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, despite being highly sensitive, RT-PCR is also time consuming and quite complex, which limits its use for point-of-care (POC) testing. We have developed a simple single-step fluorescence assay for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection based on the principle of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) using iridium complexes. Our smartly designed iridium probes fluorescently "turn-on" in the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and give specific results at room temperature within 10 min. The lower limit of detection (LOD) is 1.84 genome copies per reaction, and the sensitivity and specificity of the assay in 20 clinical samples are found to be 90% and 80%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Gupta
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Tarun Adarsh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Vikas Manchanda
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi 110002, India
| | - Pijus K Sasmal
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Shalini Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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25
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Zingg JM, Yang YP, Seely S, Joshi P, Roshid MHO, Iribarren Latasa F, O'Connor G, Alfaro J, Riquelme E, Bernales S, Dikici E, Deo S, Daunert S. Rapid isothermal point-of-care test for screening of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). ASPECTS OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 1:100002. [PMID: 37519861 PMCID: PMC9890548 DOI: 10.1016/j.amolm.2023.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Rapid on-site diagnosis of emerging pathogens is key for early identification of infected individuals and for prevention of further spreading in a population. Currently available molecular diagnostic tests are instrument-based whereas rapid antibody and antigen tests are often not sufficiently sensitive for detection in pre-symptomatic subjects. There is a need for rapid point of care molecular screening tests that can be easily adapted to emerging pathogens and are selective, sensitive, reliable in different settings around the world. We have developed a simple, rapid (<30 min), and inexpensive test for SARS-CoV-2 that is based on combination of isothermal reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) using modified primers and visual detection with paper-based microfluidics. Our test (CoRapID) is specific for SARS-CoV-2 (alpha to omicron variants) and does not detect other coronaviruses and pathogens by in silico and in vitro analysis. A two-step test protocol was developed with stable lyophilized reagents that reduces handling by using portable and disposable components (droppers, microapplicators/swabs, paper-strips). After optimization of assay components and conditions, we have achieved a limit of detection (LoD) of 1 copy/reaction by adding a blocking primer to the lateral flow assay. Using a set of 138 clinical samples, a sensitivity of 88.1% (P < 0.05, CI: 78.2-93.8%) and specificity of 93.9% (P < 0.05, CI: 85.4-97.6%) was determined. The lack of need for instrumentation for our CoRapID makes it an ideal on-site primary screening tool for local hospitals, doctors' offices, senior homes, workplaces, and in remote settings around the world that often do not have access to clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Zingg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
| | - Spencer Seely
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
| | - Pratibha Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
| | - Md Harun Or Roshid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Fabiola Iribarren Latasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
- Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gregory O'Connor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
| | | | | | - Sebastian Bernales
- Merken Biotech SpA, Zañartu, 1482, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Zañartu, 1482, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emre Dikici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
| | - Sapna Deo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
| | - Sylvia Daunert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
- University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136-6129, USA
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26
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Smith CA, Chang MM, Kundrod KA, Novak EN, Parra SG, López L, Mavume C, Lorenzoni C, Maza M, Salcedo MP, Carns JL, Baker E, Montealegre J, Scheurer M, Castle PE, Schmeler KM, Richards-Kortum RR. A low-cost, paper-based hybrid capture assay to detect high-risk HPV DNA for cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:451-465. [PMID: 36562325 PMCID: PMC9890501 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00885h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death for women in low-resource settings. The World Health Organization recommends that cervical cancer screening programs incorporate HPV DNA testing, but available tests are expensive, require laboratory infrastructure, and cannot be performed at the point-of-care. We developed a two-dimensional paper network (2DPN), hybrid-capture, signal amplification assay and a point-of-care sample preparation protocol to detect high-risk HPV DNA from exfoliated cervical cells within an hour. The test does not require expensive equipment and has an estimated cost of <$3 per test without the need for batching. We evaluated performance of the paper HPV DNA assay with short synthetic and genomic HPV DNA targets, HPV positive and negative cellular samples, and two sets of clinical samples. The first set of clinical samples consisted of 16 biobanked, provider-collected cervical samples from a study in El Salvador previously tested with careHPV and subsequently tested in a controlled laboratory environment. The paper HPV DNA test correctly identified eight of eight HPV-negative clinical samples and seven of eight HPV-positive clinical samples. We then performed a field evaluation of the paper HPV DNA test in a hospital laboratory in Mozambique. Cellular controls generated expected results throughout field testing with fully lyophilized sample preparation and 2DPN reagents. When evaluated with 16 residual self-collected cervicovaginal samples previously tested by the GeneXpert HPV assay ("Xpert"), the accuracy of the HPV DNA paper test in the field was reduced compared to testing in the controlled laboratory environment, with positive results obtained for all eight HPV-positive samples as well as seven of eight HPV-negative samples. Further evaluation showed reduction in performance was likely due in part to increased concentration of exfoliated cells in the self-collected clinical samples from Mozambique compared with provider-collected samples from El Salvador. Finally, a formal usability assessment was conducted with users in El Salvador and Mozambique; the assay was rated as acceptable to perform after minimal training. With additional optimization for higher cell concentrations and inclusion of an internal cellular control, the paper HPV DNA assay offers promise as a low-cost, point-of-care cervical cancer screening test in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsey A Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Megan M Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | - Emilie N Novak
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Sonia G Parra
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Leticia López
- Basic Health International, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | - Cesaltina Lorenzoni
- Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique
- Ministerio da Saude de Moçambique (MISAU), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Mauricio Maza
- Basic Health International, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Mila P Salcedo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer L Carns
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Ellen Baker
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jane Montealegre
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip E Castle
- Divisions of Cancer Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen M Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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27
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Rubio-Monterde A, Quesada-González D, Merkoçi A. Toward Integrated Molecular Lateral Flow Diagnostic Tests Using Advanced Micro- and Nanotechnology. Anal Chem 2023; 95:468-489. [PMID: 36413136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rubio-Monterde
- Paperdrop Diagnostics S.L., MRB, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Nanobioelectronics and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Arben Merkoçi
- Paperdrop Diagnostics S.L., MRB, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Nanobioelectronics and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.,The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, 08036 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain.,ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Photothermal biosensor for HPV16 based on strand-displacement amplification and gold nanoparticles using a thermometer as readout. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:437. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Tharakan S, Faqah O, Asghar W, Ilyas A. Microfluidic Devices for HIV Diagnosis and Monitoring at Point-of-Care (POC) Settings. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:949. [PMID: 36354458 PMCID: PMC9687700 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global epidemic; however, many individuals are able to obtain treatment and manage their condition. Progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occurs during late-stage HIV infection, which compromises the immune system, making it susceptible to infections. While there is no cure, antiretroviral therapy can be used provided that detection occurs, preferably during the early phase. However, the detection of HIV is expensive and resource-intensive when tested with conventional methods, such as flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Improving disease detection in resource-constrained areas requires equipment that is affordable, portable, and can deliver rapid results. Microfluidic devices have transformed many benchtop techniques to on-chip detection for portable and rapid point-of-care (POC) testing. These devices are cost-effective, sensitive, and rapid and can be used in areas lacking resources. Moreover, their functionality can rival their benchtop counterparts, making them efficient for disease detection. In this review, we discuss the limitations of currently used conventional HIV diagnostic assays and provide an overview of potential microfluidic technologies that can improve HIV testing in POC settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shebin Tharakan
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Biomaterials (BNB) Lab, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
- Department of Biological & Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Omair Faqah
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Waseem Asghar
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Azhar Ilyas
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Biomaterials (BNB) Lab, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
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30
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Calidonio JM, Gomez-Marquez J, Hamad-Schifferli K. Nanomaterial and interface advances in immunoassay biosensors. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:17804-17815. [PMID: 38957865 PMCID: PMC11218816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c05008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Biosensors have been used for a remarkable array of applications, including infectious diseases, environmental monitoring, cancer diagnosis, food safety, and numerous others. In particular, the global COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a need for rapid tests, so the type of biosensor that has gained considerable interest recently are immunoassays, which are used for rapid diagnostics. The performance of paper-based lateral flow and dipstick immunoassays is influenced by the physical properties of the nanoparticles (NPs), NP-antibody conjugates, and paper substrate. Many materials innovations have enhanced diagnostics by increasing sensitivity or enabling unique readouts. However, negative side effects can arise at the interface between the biological sample and biomolecules and the NP or paper substrate, such as non-specific adsorption and protein denaturation. In this Perspective, we discuss the immunoassay components and highlight chemistry and materials innovations that can improve sensitivity. We also explore the range of bio-interface issues that can present challenges for immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125
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31
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Cherusseri J, Savio CM, Khalid M, Chaudhary V, Numan A, Varma SJ, Menon A, Kaushik A. SARS-CoV-2-on-Chip for Long COVID Management. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:890. [PMID: 36291027 PMCID: PMC9599615 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a "wicked evil" in this century due to its extended progression and huge human mortalities. Although the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection is made simple and practical by employing reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) investigation, the process is costly, complex, time-consuming, and requires experts for testing and the constraints of a laboratory. Therefore, these challenges have raised the paradigm of on-site portable biosensors on a single chip, which reduces human resources and enables remote access to minimize the overwhelming burden on the existing global healthcare sector. This article reviews the recent advancements in biosensors for long coronavirus disease (COVID) management using a multitude of devices, such as point-of-care biosensors and lab-on-chip biosensors. Furthermore, it details the shift in the paradigm of SARS-CoV-2-on-chip biosensors from the laboratory to on-site detection with intelligent and economical operation, representing near-future diagnostic technologies for public health emergency management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Cherusseri
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Claire Mary Savio
- Department of Engineering, Amity University Dubai, Dubai International Academic City P.O. Box 345019, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering (SMS2E) Research Cluster, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Vishal Chaudhary
- Research Cell & Department of Physics, Bhagini Nivedita College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110043, India
- SUMAN Laboratory (Sustainable Materials and Advanced Nanotechnology), New Delhi 110072, India
| | - Arshid Numan
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering (SMS2E) Research Cluster, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sreekanth J. Varma
- Materials for Energy Storage and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Department of Physics, Sanatana Dharma College, University of Kerala, Alappuzha 688003, India
| | - Amrutha Menon
- Advanced Bio-Energy Devices Laboratory, Research & Development Division, JC Puli Energy Private Limited, Koduvayur, Palakkad 678501, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health System Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, India
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32
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Chen Q, Yao L, Wu Q, Xu J, Yan C, Guo C, Zhang C, Xu T, Qin P, Chen W. Rapid and simultaneous visual typing of high-risk HPV-16/18 with use of integrated lateral flow strip platform. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:350. [PMID: 36008739 PMCID: PMC9409624 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A biosensor for rapid and simultaneous visual identification of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes 16 and 18 in clinical samples based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) integrated lateral flow strip platform was developed. Using an one-step protocol to extract nucleic acid rapidly and the functionalized primer sets specific to HPV-16 and 18 were designed for the simultaneous amplification. In the presence of target HPV genotypes, the corresponding functionalized primer sets will participate in the PCR process and produce numerous duplex functionalized dsDNA amplicons. With the bridge effect of duplex functionalized dsDNA amplicons between gold nanoparticles-fluorescein isothiocyanate antibody conjugates (AuNP-FITC antibody conjugates) and other two antibodies on corresponding test line (T1 or T2), visualized color signals on test lines could be obtained directly visible with a naked eye. Combining the high amplification efficiency of PCR and the visualized sensing of LFS, as low as 700 copies of HPV-16 and 18 DNA were detected simultaneously within 75 min, which can promote application in the resource limited settings. High-risk genotypes of HPV-16 and HPV-18 were easily and simultaneously screened with the amplification-assisted molecular lateral flow strip by on-site observation in the resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, MOE; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yao
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, MOE; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, MOE; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, MOE; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, MOE; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanxiang Guo
- Anhui Deepblue Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Anhui Deepblue Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Panzhu Qin
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, MOE; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, MOE; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China.
- Intelligent Manufacturing Institute, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Y, Farwin A, Ying JY. Directly interface microreaction tube and test strip for the Detection of Salmonella in food with combined isothermal amplification and lateral flow assay. Food Microbiol 2022; 107:104062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zhao X, Wan Q, Zhang J, Duan Y, Li Y, Ma J, Shi C, Ma C. Single-tube analysis for ultra-fast and visual detection of Salmonella. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2333-2341. [PMID: 35079852 PMCID: PMC8788404 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we developed an ultra-fast and visual single-tube nucleic acid detection approach, which combined the advantages of self-settling characteristics of chitosan-functionalized diatomaceous earth (CDE) and accelerated PCR (AC-PCR). DNA was rapidly extracted by CDE within 3 min for the next nucleic acid amplification based on the nucleic acid attached on the chitosan in pH = 5.0. Under the action of gravity, the DNA-enriched CDE self-sediments to the bottom of the tube could be directly used for AC-PCR to achieve single-tube extraction and amplification. Our method detected Salmonella culture fluids with a detection limit of 1 CFU/mL, which was 100-fold more sensitive than conventional method that have not undergone nucleic acid enrichment. Furthermore, it also displayed high specificity and sensitivity for a variety of spiked samples. The entire process could be completed within 17 min in a single tube, and in particular, the result was visualized by the naked eyes. Overall, it is an all-in-one detection strategy without the requirement of redundant procedure, which greatly improved the detection efficiency, and saved the time and the cost. With these advantages, the approach will supply a promising tool in the field of point-of-care testing for Salmonella and other foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Qianyi Wan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Yake Duan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Jingrong Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ordos Central Hospital, Kangbashi, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Testing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, College of Life Sciences, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, and Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China.
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Cao Y, Mo F, Liu Y, Liu Y, Li G, Yu W, Liu X. Portable and sensitive detection of non-glucose target by enzyme-encapsulated metal-organic-framework using personal glucose meter. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 198:113819. [PMID: 34836711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Personal glucose meter (PGM) is one of the most commercially available POC (point-of-care) devices for monitoring the level of glucose reliably, yet its non-glucose quantification ability is limited since such strategy needs ingenious interface design and tedious enzyme conjugation. Herein, we constructed a portable and sensitive platform that can detect non-glucose target by combining enzyme-encapsulated zeolitic imidazole framework-90 (ZIF-90) with personal glucose meter. ZIF-90 is an ideal carrier and susceptor due to the extraordinary capability of packaging enzyme and stimuli-responsiveness. We selected adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) as the target model of non-glucose analytes. Upon ATP-induced decomposition of MOF, the released enzyme (glucose oxidase or invertase) catalyzed substrate and gave rise to the change of the glucose concentration for PGM assay. This method determined ATP with a remarkably sensitivity of 233 nM and effective recovery in real serum samples. Our strategy provides a facile and practical approach for measuring the non-glucose target using PGM, and could potentially be applied in bimolecular detection in point-of-care diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhe Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Fengye Mo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Yahua Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Animal, Plant and Foodstuffs Inspection Center of Tianjin Customs, Tianjin, 300461, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Gaiping Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Wenqian Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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Sinha A, Basu M, Chandna P. Paper based microfluidics: A forecast toward the most affordable and rapid point-of-care devices. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 186:109-158. [PMID: 35033281 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The microfluidic industry has evolved through years with acquired scientific knowledge from different, and already developed industries. Consequently, a wide range of materials like silicon from the electronic industry to all the way, silicone, from the chemical engineering industry, has been spotted to solve similar challenges. Although a typical microfluidic chip, fabricated from glass or polymer substrates offers definite benefits, however, paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs) possess numerous special benefits for practical implementation at a lower price. Owing to these features, in recent years, paper microfluidics has drawn immense interest from researchers in industry and academia alike. These devices have wider applications with advantages like lower cost, speedy detection, user-easiness, biocompatibility, sensitivity, and specificity etc. when compared to other microfluidic devices. Therefore, these sensitive but affordable devices fit themselves into point-of-care (POC) testing with features in demand like natural disposability, situational flexibility, and the capability to store and analyze the target at the point of requirement. Gradually, advancements in fabrication technologies, assay development techniques, and improved packaging capabilities, have contributed significantly to the real-time identification and health investigation through paper microfluidics; however, the growth has not been limited to the biomedical field; industries like electronics, energy storage and many more have expanded substantially. Here, we represent an overall state of the paper-based microfluidic technology by covering the fundamentals, working principles, different fabrication procedures, applications for various needs and then to make things more practical, the real-life scenario and practical challenges involved in launching a device into the market have been revealed. To conclude, recent contribution of μPADs in the 2020 pandemic and potential future possibilities have been reviewed.
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Cunha ML, da Silva SS, Stracke MC, Zanette DL, Aoki MN, Blanes L. Sample Preparation for Lab-on-a-Chip Systems in Molecular Diagnosis: A Review. Anal Chem 2021; 94:41-58. [PMID: 34870427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and low-cost molecular analysis is especially required for early and specific diagnostics, quick decision-making, and sparing patients from unnecessary tests and hospitals from extra costs. One way to achieve this objective is through automated molecular diagnostic devices. Thus, sample-to-answer microfluidic devices are emerging with the promise of delivering a complete molecular diagnosis system that includes nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection steps in a single device. The biggest issue in such equipment is the extraction process, which is normally laborious and time-consuming but extremely important for sensitive and specific detection. Therefore, this Review focuses on automated or semiautomated extraction methodologies used in lab-on-a-chip devices. More than 15 different extraction methods developed over the past 10 years have been analyzed in terms of their advantages and disadvantages to improve extraction procedures in future studies. Herein, we are able to explain the high applicability of the extraction methodologies due to the large variety of samples in which different techniques were employed, showing that their applications are not limited to medical diagnosis. Moreover, we are able to conclude that further research in the field would be beneficial because the methodologies presented can be affordable, portable, time efficient, and easily manipulated, all of which are strong qualities for point-of-care technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylena Lemes Cunha
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Stella Schuster da Silva
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Mateus Cassaboni Stracke
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010.,Paraná Institute of Molecular Biology, Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Dalila Luciola Zanette
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Mateus Nóbrega Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Lucas Blanes
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010.,Paraná Institute of Molecular Biology, Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
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Selvakumar B, Kathiravan A. Sensory materials for microfluidic paper based analytical devices - A review. Talanta 2021; 235:122733. [PMID: 34517601 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have grown-up swiftly over the decade due to its low cost, simple fabrication procedure, resource-limitedness, non-toxicity and their environmentally benign nature. The μPADs, also identified as point-of-care devices or health care devices have successfully applied in several fields such as diagnostics, biological, food safety, environmental, electrochemical and most importantly colorimetric/fluorimetric sensors, owing to the attractive passive motions of analyte without any external forces. In recent years, a large number of colorimetric and fluorimetric probes have been reported that can selectively recognize the analytes in μPADs. However, there is no organized review on its structure-activity relationship. In this review, we have focused to summarize the colorimetric and fluorimetric probes utilized in μPADs. This review discuss about the relationships between the structure and functions of various probes as signaling units of the efficient μPADs. The probes including nanomaterials, nanozymes, polymers and organic molecules, their structural activity with regard to sensing performances along with their limit of detection are also discussed. This review is expected to assist readers for better understanding of the sensing mechanisms of various chemo and bio-probes utilized in μPADs, as well as promote their advancement in the field. On the other hand, this review also helps the researchers for enhancement of μPADs and paves way for synergistic application of existing molecular probes as an effective diagnostic tool for the worldwide pandemic novel corona virus COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavadharini Selvakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, 600 062, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunkumar Kathiravan
- Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, 600 062, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Jia Y, Sun H, Tian J, Song Q, Zhang W. Paper-Based Point-of-Care Testing of SARS-CoV-2. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:773304. [PMID: 34912791 PMCID: PMC8667078 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.773304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant global social and economic disruption. The highly transmissive nature of the disease makes rapid and reliable detection critically important. Point-of-care (POC) tests involve performing diagnostic tests outside of a laboratory that produce a rapid and reliable result. It therefore allows the diagnostics of diseases at or near the patient site. Paper-based POC tests have been gaining interest in recent years as they allow rapid, low-cost detection without the need for external instruments. In this review, we focus on the development of paper-based POC devices for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The review first introduces the principles of detection methods that are available to paper-based devices. It then summarizes the state-of-the-art paper devices and their analytical performances. The advantages and drawbacks among methods are also discussed. Finally, limitations of the existing devices are discussed, and prospects are given with the hope to identify research opportunities and directions in the field. We hope this review will be helpful for researchers to develop a clinically useful and economically efficient paper-based platform that can be used for rapid, accurate on-site diagnosis to aid in identifying acute infections and eventually contain the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jia
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Tian
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiuming Song
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenwei Zhang
- Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
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Iliescu FS, Ionescu AM, Gogianu L, Simion M, Dediu V, Chifiriuc MC, Pircalabioru GG, Iliescu C. Point-of-Care Testing-The Key in the Battle against SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1464. [PMID: 34945314 PMCID: PMC8708595 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic urged the development of diagnostic tools to manage the spread of disease. Currently, the "gold standard" involves the use of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Even though it is sensitive, specific and applicable for large batches of samples, qRT-PCR is labour-intensive, time-consuming, requires trained personnel and is not available in remote settings. This review summarizes and compares the available strategies for COVID-19: serological testing, Point-of-Care Testing, nanotechnology-based approaches and biosensors. Last but not least, we address the advantages and limitations of these methods as well as perspectives in COVID-19 diagnostics. The effort is constantly focused on understanding the quickly changing landscape of available diagnostic testing of COVID-19 at the clinical levels and introducing reliable and rapid screening point of care testing. The last approach is key to aid the clinical decision-making process for infection control, enhancing an appropriate treatment strategy and prompt isolation of asymptomatic/mild cases. As a viable alternative, Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) is typically low-cost and user-friendly, hence harbouring tremendous potential for rapid COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florina Silvia Iliescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Ana Maria Ionescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Larisa Gogianu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Monica Simion
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Violeta Dediu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- The Romanian Academy, 25, Calea Victoriei, Sector 1, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Ciprian Iliescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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Manabe YC. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on technologic and process innovation in point-of-care diagnostics for sexually transmitted infections. Clin Biochem 2021; 117:75-83. [PMID: 34808115 PMCID: PMC8604101 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The STI diagnostic landscape of FDA cleared tests for use at point-of-care (POC), as well as those emergency use authorized for COVID-19 are reviewed; some of these COVID-19 diagnostics may have platform potential as STI diagnostics. Finally, process innovation is described with self-collection and hub-and-spoke mail-in to reference lab models. Movement of Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-waived POC tests to over-the-counter formats will make tests more accessible to consumers. Together with public health messaging, these measures could accelerate STI and COVID-19 syndemic diagnostic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari C Manabe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Shen Y, Anwar TB, Mulchandani A. Current status, advances, challenges and perspectives on biosensors for COVID-19 diagnosis in resource-limited settings. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS REPORTS 2021; 3:100025. [PMID: 35047829 PMCID: PMC7831652 DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2021.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted human life, prompt diagnostic tests are becoming an essential part of the social activities. However, the expensive and time-consuming laboratory-based traditional methods do not suffice the enormous needs for massive number of tests, especially in resource-limited settings. Therefore, more affordable, rapid, sensitive and specific field-practical diagnostic devices play an important role in the fight against the disease. In this review, we present the current status and advances in the biosensing technologies for diagnosing COVID-19, ranging from commercial achievements to research developments. Starting from a brief introduction to the disease biomarkers, this review summarizes the working principles of the biosensing technologies, followed by a review of the commercial products and research advances in academia. We recapitulate the literatures with a wide scope of bio/marker detections, embracing nucleic acids, viral proteins, human immune responses, and other potential bio/markers. Further, the challenges and perspectives for their employment in future point-of-care applications are discussed, with an extended appraisal on the practical strategies to enlarge the testing capability without high cost. This critical review provides a comprehensive insight into the diagnostic tools for COVID-19 and will encourage the industry and academia in the field of diagnostic biosensing for future evolvement to large-scale point-of-care screening of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shen
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521 USA
| | - Touhid Bin Anwar
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521 USA
| | - Ashok Mulchandani
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521 USA
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507 USA
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Sciuto EL, Leonardi AA, Calabrese G, Luca GD, Coniglio MA, Irrera A, Conoci S. Nucleic Acids Analytical Methods for Viral Infection Diagnosis: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1585. [PMID: 34827583 PMCID: PMC8615992 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of viral nucleic acids (NA), DNA or RNA, is a crucial issue in the diagnosis of infections and the treatment and prevention of related human diseases. Conventional nucleic acid tests (NATs) require multistep approaches starting from the purification of the pathogen genetic material in biological samples to the end of its detection, basically performed by the consolidated polymerase chain reaction (PCR), by the use of specialized instruments and dedicated laboratories. However, since the current NATs are too constraining and time and cost consuming, the research is evolving towards more integrated, decentralized, user-friendly, and low-cost methods. These will allow the implementation of massive diagnoses addressing the growing demand of fast and accurate viral analysis facing such global alerts as the pandemic of coronavirus disease of the recent period. Silicon-based technology and microfluidics, in this sense, brought an important step up, leading to the introduction of the genetic point-of-care (PoC) systems. This review goes through the evolution of the analytical methods for the viral NA diagnosis of infection diseases, highlighting both advantages and drawbacks of the innovative emerging technologies versus the conventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Luigi Sciuto
- Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Alessio Leonardi
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (A.I.)
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 5, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 5, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Giovanna De Luca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 5, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Maria Anna Coniglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Alessia Irrera
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (A.I.)
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 5, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (A.I.)
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 5, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.L.)
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IMM), Ottava Strada n.5, 95121 Catania, Italy
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Khaliliazar S, Toldrà A, Chondrogiannis G, Hamedi MM. Electroanalytical Paper-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Biosensors with Integrated Thread Electrodes. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14187-14195. [PMID: 34648274 PMCID: PMC8552215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are very sensitive and specific methods, but they mainly rely on centralized laboratories and therefore are not suitable for point-of-care testing. Here, we present a 3D microfluidic paper-based electrochemical NAAT. These devices use off-the-shelf gold plasma-coated threads to integrate electroanalytical readouts using ex situ self-assembled monolayer formation on the threads prior to assembling into the paper device. They further include a sandwich hybridization assay with sample incubation, rinsing, and detection steps all integrated using movable stacks of filter papers to allow time-sequenced reactions. The devices use glass fiber substrates for storing recombinase polymerase amplification reagents and conducting the isothermal amplification. We used the paper-based device for the detection of the toxic microalgae Ostreopsis cf. ovata. The NAAT, completed in 95 min, attained a limit of detection of 0.06 pM target synthetic DNA and was able to detect 1 ng/μL O. cf. ovata genomic DNA with negligible cross-reactivity from a closely related microalgae species. We think that the integration of thread electrodes within paper-based devices paves the way for digital one-time use NAATs and numerous other advanced electroanalytical paper- or textile-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georgios Chondrogiannis
- School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 10044, Sweden
| | - Mahiar Max Hamedi
- School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 10044, Sweden
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45
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Cao L, Guo X, Mao P, Ren Y, Li Z, You M, Hu J, Tian M, Yao C, Li F, Xu F. A Portable Digital Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Platform Based on Microgel Array and Hand-Held Reader. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3564-3574. [PMID: 34606243 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) has found widespread applications in molecular diagnosis of various diseases owing to its sensitive single-molecule detection capability. However, the existing dPCR platforms rely on the auxiliary procedure to disperse DNA samples, which needs complicated operation, expensive apparatus, and consumables. Besides, the complex and costly dPCR readers also impede the applications of dPCR for point-of-care testing (POCT). Herein, we developed a portable digital loop-mediated isothermal amplification (dLAMP) platform, integrating a microscale hydrogel (microgel) array chip for sample partition, a miniaturized heater for DNA amplification, and a hand-held reader for digital readout. In the platform, the chip with thousands of isolated microgels holds the capability of self-absorption and partition of DNA samples, thus avoiding auxiliary equipment and professional personnel operations. Using the integrated dLAMP platform, λDNA templates have been quantified with a good linear detection range of 2-1000 copies/μL and a detection limit of 1 copy/μL. As a demonstration, the epidermal growth factor receptor L858R gene mutation, a crucial factor for the susceptibility of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor in non-small-cell lung cancer treatment, has been accurately identified by the dLAMP platform with a spiked plasma sample. This work shows that the developed dLAMP platform provides a low-cost, facile, and user-friendly solution for the absolute quantification of DNA, showing great potential for the POCT of nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xiaojin Guo
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Ping Mao
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yulin Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zedong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Minli You
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Suzhou DiYinAn Biotechnology Company Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Miao Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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46
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Zamani M, Furst AL, Klapperich CM. Strategies for Engineering Affordable Technologies for Point-of-Care Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3772-3779. [PMID: 34612619 PMCID: PMC8996141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Disease prevalence is highest in low-resource settings (LRS) due to the lack of funds, infrastructure, and personnel required to carry out laboratory-based molecular tests. In high-resource settings, gold-standard molecular tests for diseases consist of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) due to their excellent sensitivity and specificity. These tests require the extraction, amplification, and detection of nucleic acids from clinical samples. In high-resource settings, all three of these steps require highly specialized, costly, and onerous equipment that cannot be used in LRS. Nucleic acid extraction involves multiple centrifugation steps. Amplification consists of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which requires thermal cyclers. The detection of amplified DNA is typically done with specialized thermal cyclers that are capable of fluorescence detection. Traditional methods used to extract, amplify, and detect nucleic acids cannot be used outside of a laboratory in LRS. Thus, there is a need for affordable point-of-care devices to ease the high burden of disease in LRS.The past decade of work on paper-based fluidic devices has resulted in the invention of many paper-based biosensors for disease detection as well as isothermal amplification techniques that replace PCR. However, a challenge still remains in detecting pathogenic biomarkers from complex human samples without specialized laboratory equipment. Our research has focused on the development of affordable technologies to extract and detect nucleic acids in clinical samples with minimal equipment. Here we describe methods for the paper-based extraction, amplification, and detection of nucleic acids. This Account provides an overview of our latest technologies developed to detect an array of diseases in low-resource settings. We focus on detecting nucleic acids of H1N1, human papillomavirus (HPV), Neisseria gonorrheae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and malaria from a variety of clinical sample types. H1N1 RNA was extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs; HPV, NG, and CT DNA were extracted from either cervical, urethral, or vaginal swabs; TV DNA was extracted from urine; and malaria DNA was extracted from whole blood. Different sample types necessitate different nucleic extraction protocols; we provide guidelines for assay design based on the clinical sample type used. We compare the pros and cons of different isothermal amplification techniques, namely, helicase-dependent amplification (HDA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and a novel isothermal amplification technique that we developed: isothermal-identical multirepeat sequences (iso-IMRS). Finally, we compare various detection mechanisms, including lateral-flow and electrochemical readouts. Electrochemical readouts frequently employ gold electrodes due to strong gold-thiol coupling. However, the high cost of gold precludes their use in LRS. We discuss our development of novel gold leaf electrodes that can be made without specialized equipment for a fraction of the cost of commercially available gold electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjon Zamani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ariel L Furst
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Catherine M Klapperich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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47
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Cherkaoui D, Huang D, Miller BS, Turbé V, McKendry RA. Harnessing recombinase polymerase amplification for rapid multi-gene detection of SARS-CoV-2 in resource-limited settings. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 189:113328. [PMID: 34051382 PMCID: PMC8120794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is challenging diagnostic testing capacity worldwide. The mass testing needed to limit the spread of the virus requires new molecular diagnostic tests to dramatically widen access at the point-of-care in resource-limited settings. Isothermal molecular assays have emerged as a promising technology, given the faster turn-around time and minimal equipment compared to gold standard laboratory PCR methods. However, unlike PCR, they do not typically target multiple SARS-CoV-2 genes, risking sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, they often require multiple steps thus adding complexity and delays. Here we develop a multiplexed, 1-2 step, fast (20-30 min) SARS-CoV-2 molecular test using reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification to simultaneously detect two conserved targets - the E and RdRP genes. The agile multi-gene platform offers two complementary detection methods: real-time fluorescence or dipstick. The analytical sensitivity of the fluorescence test was 9.5 (95% CI: 7.0-18) RNA copies per reaction for the E gene and 17 (95% CI: 11-93) RNA copies per reaction for the RdRP gene. The analytical sensitivity for the dipstick method was 130 (95% CI: 82-500) RNA copies per reaction. High specificity was found against common seasonal coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV model samples. The dipstick readout demonstrated potential for point-of-care testing in decentralised settings, with minimal or equipment-free incubation methods and a user-friendly prototype smartphone application. This rapid, simple, ultrasensitive and multiplexed molecular test offers valuable advantages over gold standard tests and in future could be configurated to detect emerging variants of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounia Cherkaoui
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Da Huang
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin S. Miller
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valérian Turbé
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel A. McKendry
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Corresponding author. London Centre for Nanotechnology, Univerity College London, 17-19 Gordon Street, London, United Kingdom
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48
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Chopra S, Moroni M, Sanjak J, MacMillan L, Hritzo B, Martello S, Bylicky M, May J, Coleman CN, Aryankalayil MJ. Whole blood gene expression within days after total-body irradiation predicts long term survival in Gottingen minipigs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15873. [PMID: 34354115 PMCID: PMC8342483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gottingen minipigs mirror the physiological radiation response observed in humans and hence make an ideal candidate model for studying radiation biodosimetry for both limited-sized and mass casualty incidents. We examined the whole blood gene expression profiles starting one day after total-body irradiation with increasing doses of gamma-rays. The minipigs were monitored for up to 45 days or time to euthanasia necessitated by radiation effects. We successfully identified dose- and time-agnostic (over a 1-7 day period after radiation), survival-predictive gene expression signatures derived using machine-learning algorithms with high sensitivity and specificity. These survival-predictive signatures fare better than an optimally performing dose-differentiating signature or blood cellular profiles. These findings suggest that prediction of survival is a much more useful parameter for making triage, resource-utilization and treatment decisions in a resource-constrained environment compared to predictions of total dose received. It should hopefully be possible to build such classifiers for humans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Chopra
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maria Moroni
- Armed Forces Radiobiological Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | | | | | - Bernadette Hritzo
- Armed Forces Radiobiological Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Shannon Martello
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michelle Bylicky
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jared May
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - C Norman Coleman
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Molykutty J Aryankalayil
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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49
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Zhou W, Dou M, Timilsina SS, Xu F, Li X. Recent innovations in cost-effective polymer and paper hybrid microfluidic devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:2658-2683. [PMID: 34180494 PMCID: PMC8360634 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00414j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid microfluidic systems that are composed of multiple different types of substrates have been recognized as a versatile and superior platform, which can draw benefits from different substrates while avoiding their limitations. This review article introduces the recent innovations of different types of low-cost hybrid microfluidic devices, particularly focusing on cost-effective polymer- and paper-based hybrid microfluidic devices. In this article, the fabrication of these hybrid microfluidic devices is briefly described and summarized. We then highlight various hybrid microfluidic systems, including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based, thermoplastic-based, paper/polymer hybrid systems, as well as other emerging hybrid systems (such as thread-based). The special benefits of using these hybrid systems have been summarized accordingly. A broad range of biological and biomedical applications using these hybrid microfluidic devices are discussed in detail, including nucleic acid analysis, protein analysis, cellular analysis, 3D cell culture, organ-on-a-chip, and tissue engineering. The perspective trends of hybrid microfluidic systems involving the improvement of fabrication techniques and broader applications are also discussed at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Maowei Dou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Sanjay S Timilsina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - XiuJun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA. and Border Biomedical Research Center, Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA and Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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50
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de Souza França PD, Guru N, Kostolansky AR, Mauguen A, Pirovano G, Kossatz S, Roberts S, Abrahão M, Patel SG, Park KJ, Reiner T, Jewell E. PARP1: A Potential Molecular Marker to Identify Cancer During Colposcopy Procedures. J Nucl Med 2021; 62:941-948. [PMID: 33188153 PMCID: PMC8882878 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.253575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts in prevention, cervical cancer still presents with a high worldwide incidence and remains a great problem in public health, especially in low-income countries. Screening programs, such as colposcopy with Papanicolaou testing, have greatly improved mortality rates. However, the agents currently used to delineate those lesions (topical application of acetic acid or Lugol iodine) lack specificity and sometimes can lead to unnecessary biopsies or even cervical excisions. A tool to enable in vivo histology to quickly and quantitatively distinguish between tumor, dysplastic tissue, and healthy tissue would be of great clinical interest. Methods: Here, we describe the use of PARPi-FL, a fluorescent inhibitor of poly[adenosine diphosphate-ribose]polymerase 1 (PARP1), which is a nuclear enzyme that is overexpressed in cancer when compared with the normal surrounding tissues. We exploit its use as an optical imaging agent to specifically target PARP1 expression, which was demonstrated to be higher in cervical cancer than the normal surrounding tissue. Results: After topical application of PARPi-FL on freshly excised cone biopsy samples, the nuclei of tumor cells emitted a specific fluorescent signal that could be visualized using a handheld fluorescence confocal microscope. Conclusion: This approach has the potential to improve in vivo identification of tumor cells during colposcopy examination, allowing a rapid, noninvasive, and accurate histopathologic assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Demétrio de Souza França
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Navjot Guru
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Abigail R Kostolansky
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Audrey Mauguen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Giacomo Pirovano
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar and TranslaTUM, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sheryl Roberts
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marcio Abrahão
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Snehal G Patel
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kay J Park
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York;
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elizabeth Jewell
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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