1
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Pizzuti V, Balducelli E, Nunzio MD, Conte D, Gessaroli E, Demetri M, Marrazzo P, Alviano F, Corradetti V, Maritati F, Manna GL, Comai G. Urine-derived renal epithelial cells isolated after kidney transplant are sensitive to neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin exposure during in vitro culture. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151442. [PMID: 38986342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Urine-derived renal epithelial cells (URECs) are highly voided after kidney transplant and express typical kidney markers, including markers of kidney epithelial progenitor cells. Recently URECs have shown promising immunomodulatory properties when cultured with Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs), promoting an increase in the T regulatory cells. In vivo, kidney cells are highly exposed to damage associated molecules during both acute and chronic kidney injury. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is one of the most -known early marker of acute and chronic kidney damage. However, its role on the evolution of renal damage has not yet been fully described, nor has its impact on the characteristics of renal-derived cells during in vitro culture. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of NGAL on the characteristics of URECs isolated after kidney transplant, by exposing these cells to the treatment with NGAL during in vitro culture and evaluating its effect on UREC viability, proliferation, and immunomodulatory potential. The exposure of URECs to NGAL reduced their viability and proliferative capacity, promoting the onset of apoptosis. The immunomodulatory properties of URECs were partially inhibited by NGAL, without affecting the increase of Treg cells observed during UREC-PBMCs coculture. These results suggest that the exposure to NGAL may compromise some features of kidney stem and specialized cell types, reducing their viability, increasing apoptosis, and partially altering their immunomodulatory properties. Thus, NGAL could represent a target for approaches acting on its inhibition or reduction to improve functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pizzuti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Emma Balducelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Miriam Di Nunzio
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Diletta Conte
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Elisa Gessaroli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Marcello Demetri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Valeria Corradetti
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Federica Maritati
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Manna
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy; Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Comai
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy; Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
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2
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Kump DS. Mechanisms Underlying the Rarity of Skeletal Muscle Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6480. [PMID: 38928185 PMCID: PMC11204341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SKM), despite comprising ~40% of body mass, rarely manifests cancer. This review explores the mechanisms that help to explain this rarity, including unique SKM architecture and function, which prohibits the development of new cancer as well as negates potential metastasis to SKM. SKM also presents a unique immune environment that may magnify the anti-tumorigenic effect. Moreover, the SKM microenvironment manifests characteristics such as decreased extracellular matrix stiffness and altered lactic acid, pH, and oxygen levels that may interfere with tumor development. SKM also secretes anti-tumorigenic myokines and other molecules. Collectively, these mechanisms help account for the rarity of SKM cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Kump
- Department of Biological Sciences, Winston-Salem State University, 601 Martin Luther King Jr. Dr., Winston-Salem, NC 27110, USA
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3
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Lee EH, Lee JH, Kim DY, Lee YS, Jo Y, Dao T, Kim KE, Song DK, Seo JH, Seo YK, Seong JK, Moon C, Han E, Kim MK, Ryu S, Shin M, Roh GS, Jung HR, Osborne TF, Ryu D, Jeon TI, Im SS. Loss of SREBP-1c ameliorates iron-induced liver fibrosis by decreasing lipocalin-2. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1001-1012. [PMID: 38622198 PMCID: PMC11058876 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c is involved in cellular lipid homeostasis and cholesterol biosynthesis and is highly increased in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the molecular mechanism by which SREBP-1c regulates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in NASH animal models and patients have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the role of SREBP-1c in NASH and the regulation of LCN2 gene expression. Wild-type and SREBP-1c knockout (1cKO) mice were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet, treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and subjected to lipocalin-2 (LCN2) overexpression. The role of LCN2 in NASH progression was assessed using mouse primary hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and HSCs. LCN2 expression was examined in samples from normal patients and those with NASH. LCN2 gene expression and secretion increased in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis mice model, and SREBP-1c regulated LCN2 gene transcription. Moreover, treatment with holo-LCN2 stimulated intracellular iron accumulation and fibrosis-related gene expression in mouse primary HSCs, but these effects were not observed in 1cKO HSCs, indicating that SREBP-1c-induced LCN2 expression and secretion could stimulate HSCs activation through iron accumulation. Furthermore, LCN2 expression was strongly correlated with inflammation and fibrosis in patients with NASH. Our findings indicate that SREBP-1c regulates Lcn2 gene expression, contributing to diet-induced NASH. Reduced Lcn2 expression in 1cKO mice protects against NASH development. Therefore, the activation of Lcn2 by SREBP-1c establishes a new connection between iron and lipid metabolism, affecting inflammation and HSCs activation. These findings may lead to new therapeutic strategies for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seung Lee
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunju Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Tam Dao
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyu Song
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kyo Seo
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwan Ryu
- Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsang Shin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ra Jung
- Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy F Osborne
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Department of Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Il Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.
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Tian S, Paudel D, Hao F, Neupane R, Castro R, Patterson AD, Tiwari AK, Prabhu KS, Singh V. Refined fiber inulin promotes inflammation-associated colon tumorigenesis by modulating microbial succinate production. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1863. [PMID: 37489647 PMCID: PMC10644334 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM There is an increased risk of colon cancer associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Dietary fibers (DFs) naturally present in vegetables and whole grains offer numerous beneficial effects on intestinal health. However, the effects of refined DFs on intestinal health remain unclear. Therefore, we elucidated the impact of the refined DF inulin on colonic inflammation and tumorigenesis. METHODS Four-week-old wild-type (WT) mice were fed diets containing insoluble DF cellulose (control) or refined DF inulin for 4 weeks. A subgroup of mice was then switched to drinking water containing dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 1.4% wt/vol) for colitis induction. In another subgroup of mice, colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) was initiated with three 7-day alternate cycles of DSS following an initial dose of mutagenic substance azoxymethane (AOM; 7.5 mg/kg body weight; i.p.). Post 7 weeks of AOM treatment, mice were euthanized and examined for CRC development. RESULTS Mice consuming inulin-containing diet exhibited severe colitis upon DSS administration, as evidenced by more body weight loss, rectal bleeding, and increased colonic inflammation than the DSS-treated control group. Correspondingly, histological analysis revealed extensive disruption of colon architecture and massive infiltration of immune cells in the inulin-fed group. We next examined the effect of inulin on CRC development. Surprisingly, significant mortality (~50%) was observed in the inulin-fed but not in the control group during the DSS cycle. Consequently, the remaining inulin-fed mice, which completed the study exhibited extensive colon tumorigenesis. Immunohistochemical characterization showed comparatively high expression of the cell proliferation marker Ki67 and activation of the Wnt signaling in tumor sections obtained from the inulin-fed group. Gut microbiota and metabolite analysis revealed expansion of succinate producers and elevated cecal succinate in inulin-fed mice. Human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116) proliferated more rapidly when supplemented with succinate in an inflamed environment, suggesting that elevated luminal succinate may contribute to tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our study uncovers that supplementation of diet with refined inulin induces abnormal succinate accumulation in the intestinal lumen, which in part contributes to promoting colon inflammation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangshan Tian
- Department of Nutritional SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Devendra Paudel
- Department of Nutritional SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Fuhua Hao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Rabin Neupane
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
| | - Rita Castro
- Department of Nutritional SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Andrew D. Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
| | - K. Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Nutritional SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
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5
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Popovics P, Penniston KL. Current research and future directions in non-malignant urologic research - proceedings of the annual CAIRIBU meeting. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2022; 10:449-461. [PMID: 36636691 PMCID: PMC9831912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The Annual Collaborating for the Advancement of Interdisciplinary Research (CAIRIBU) Meeting in 2022 highlighted basic, translational, and clinical non-malignant urology research within five main areas affecting the urinary tract: urinary dysfunction due to prostate disease, microbes and infection, bladder function and physiology, neurology and neuromuscular influences and calculi and obstruction. In this paper, we summarize main findings and future directions outlined by CAIRIBU-affiliated scientists who presented as part of the scientific sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Popovics
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical SchoolVA, USA
| | - Kristina L Penniston
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthWI, USA
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6
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Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhang H, Li S, Li J, Liu H, Cheng Q. The role of lipocalin 2 in brain injury and recovery after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:930526. [PMID: 36187347 PMCID: PMC9520288 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.930526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (including intracerebral hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage) is the dominating cause of disability and death worldwide. Neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuronal death are the main pathological progress, which eventually causes brain injury. Increasing evidence indicated that lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a 25k-Da acute phase protein from the lipocalin superfamily, significantly increased immediately after the stroke and played a vital role in these events. Meanwhile, there exists a close relationship between LCN2 levels and the worse clinical outcome of patients with stroke. Further research revealed that LCN2 elimination is associated with reduced immune infiltrates, infarct volume, brain edema, BBB leakage, neuronal death, and neurological deficits. However, some studies revealed that LCN2 might also act as a beneficial factor in ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism of LCN2 and its primary receptors (24p3R and megalin) involving in brain injury remains unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the mechanism of LCN2 induced brain damage after stroke. This review focuses on the role of LCN2 and its receptors in brain injury and aiming to find out possible therapeutic targets to reduce brain damage following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Shuwang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hongwei Liu,
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy Center for Glioma of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Cheng,
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7
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The Most Promising Biomarkers of Allogeneic Kidney Transplant Rejection. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:6572338. [PMID: 35669103 PMCID: PMC9167141 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6572338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical transplantology is a constantly evolving field of medicine. Kidney transplantation has become standard clinical practice, and it has a significant impact on reducing mortality and improving the quality of life of patients. Allogenic transplantation induces an immune response, which may lead to the rejection of the transplanted organ. The gold standard for evaluating rejection of the transplanted kidney by the recipient's organism is a biopsy of this organ. However, due to the high invasiveness of this procedure, alternative diagnostic methods are being sought. Therefore, the biomarkers may play an essential predictive role in transplant rejection. A review of the most promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of allogenic kidney transplant rejection summarizes novel data on neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL-10), cystatin C (CysC), osteopontin (OPN), and clusterin (CLU) and analyses the dynamics of changes of the biomarkers mentioned above in kidney diseases and the mechanism of rejection of the transplanted kidney.
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8
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Platt E, Klootwijk E, Salama A, Davidson B, Robertson F. Literature review of the mechanisms of acute kidney injury secondary to acute liver injury. World J Nephrol 2022; 11:13-29. [PMID: 35117976 PMCID: PMC8790308 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v11.i1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
People exposed to liver ischaemia reperfusion (IR) injury often develop acute kidney injury and the combination is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Molecular mediators released by the liver in response to IR injury are the likely cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in this setting, but the mediators have not yet been identified. Identifying the mechanism of injury will allow the identification of therapeutic targets which may modulate both liver IR injury and AKI following liver IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Platt
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - Enriko Klootwijk
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Salama
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Davidson
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Robertson
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
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9
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NGAL as a Potential Target in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212333
expr 804735418 + 979474750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling network between cancer and stromal cells plays a crucial role in tumor microenvironment. The fate of tumor progression mainly depends on the huge amount of information that these cell populations exchange from the onset of neoplastic transformation. Interfering with such signaling has been producing exciting results in cancer therapy: just think of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1/anti-CTLA-4 antibodies that, acting as immune checkpoint inhibitors, interrupt the inhibitory signaling exerted by cancer cells on immune cells or the CAR-T technology that fosters the reactivation of anti-tumoral immunity in a restricted group of leukemias and lymphomas. Nevertheless, many types of cancers, in particular solid tumors, are still refractory to these treatments, so the identification of novel molecular targets in tumor secretome would benefit from implementation of current anti-cancer therapeutical strategies. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is a secreted protein abundantly expressed in the secretome of various human tumors. It represents a promising target for the multiple roles that are played inside cancer and stromal cells, and also overall in their cross-talk. The review focuses on the different roles of NGAL in tumor microenvironment and in cancer senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), highlighting the most crucial functions that could be eventually targetable in cancer therapy.
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10
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Crescenzi E, Leonardi A, Pacifico F. NGAL as a Potential Target in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12333. [PMID: 34830212 PMCID: PMC8623964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212333&set/a 915137580+984946846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling network between cancer and stromal cells plays a crucial role in tumor microenvironment. The fate of tumor progression mainly depends on the huge amount of information that these cell populations exchange from the onset of neoplastic transformation. Interfering with such signaling has been producing exciting results in cancer therapy: just think of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1/anti-CTLA-4 antibodies that, acting as immune checkpoint inhibitors, interrupt the inhibitory signaling exerted by cancer cells on immune cells or the CAR-T technology that fosters the reactivation of anti-tumoral immunity in a restricted group of leukemias and lymphomas. Nevertheless, many types of cancers, in particular solid tumors, are still refractory to these treatments, so the identification of novel molecular targets in tumor secretome would benefit from implementation of current anti-cancer therapeutical strategies. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is a secreted protein abundantly expressed in the secretome of various human tumors. It represents a promising target for the multiple roles that are played inside cancer and stromal cells, and also overall in their cross-talk. The review focuses on the different roles of NGAL in tumor microenvironment and in cancer senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), highlighting the most crucial functions that could be eventually targetable in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Crescenzi
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Via S. Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, “Federico II” University of Naples, Via S. Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Pacifico
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Via S. Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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11
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NGAL as a Potential Target in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212333. [PMID: 34830212 PMCID: PMC8623964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling network between cancer and stromal cells plays a crucial role in tumor microenvironment. The fate of tumor progression mainly depends on the huge amount of information that these cell populations exchange from the onset of neoplastic transformation. Interfering with such signaling has been producing exciting results in cancer therapy: just think of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1/anti-CTLA-4 antibodies that, acting as immune checkpoint inhibitors, interrupt the inhibitory signaling exerted by cancer cells on immune cells or the CAR-T technology that fosters the reactivation of anti-tumoral immunity in a restricted group of leukemias and lymphomas. Nevertheless, many types of cancers, in particular solid tumors, are still refractory to these treatments, so the identification of novel molecular targets in tumor secretome would benefit from implementation of current anti-cancer therapeutical strategies. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is a secreted protein abundantly expressed in the secretome of various human tumors. It represents a promising target for the multiple roles that are played inside cancer and stromal cells, and also overall in their cross-talk. The review focuses on the different roles of NGAL in tumor microenvironment and in cancer senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), highlighting the most crucial functions that could be eventually targetable in cancer therapy.
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12
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Guardado S, Ojeda-Juárez D, Kaul M, Nordgren TM. Comprehensive review of lipocalin 2-mediated effects in lung inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L726-L733. [PMID: 34468208 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00080.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an inflammatory mediator best known for its role as an innate acute-phase protein. LCN2 mediates the innate immune response to pathogens by sequestering iron, thereby inhibiting pathogen growth. Although LCN2 and its bacteriostatic properties are well studied, other LCN2 functions in the immune response to inflammatory stimuli are less well understood, such as its role as a chemoattractant and involvement in the regulation of cell migration and apoptosis. In the lungs, most studies thus far investigating the role of LCN2 in the immune response have looked at pathogenic inflammatory stimuli. Here, we compile data that explore the role of LCN2 in the immune response to various inflammatory stimuli in an effort to differentiate between protective versus detrimental roles of LCN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Guardado
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Daniel Ojeda-Juárez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Marcus Kaul
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California
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Dekens DW, Eisel ULM, Gouweleeuw L, Schoemaker RG, De Deyn PP, Naudé PJW. Lipocalin 2 as a link between ageing, risk factor conditions and age-related brain diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101414. [PMID: 34325073 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic (neuro)inflammation plays an important role in many age-related central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and vascular dementia. Inflammation also characterizes many conditions that form a risk factor for these CNS disorders, such as physical inactivity, obesity and cardiovascular disease. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is an inflammatory protein shown to be involved in different age-related CNS diseases, as well as risk factor conditions thereof. Lcn2 expression is increased in the periphery and the brain in different age-related CNS diseases and also their risk factor conditions. Experimental studies indicate that Lcn2 contributes to various neuropathophysiological processes of age-related CNS diseases, including exacerbated neuroinflammation, cell death and iron dysregulation, which may negatively impact cognitive function. We hypothesize that increased Lcn2 levels as a result of age-related risk factor conditions may sensitize the brain and increase the risk to develop age-related CNS diseases. In this review we first provide a comprehensive overview of the known functions of Lcn2, and its effects in the CNS. Subsequently, this review explores Lcn2 as a potential (neuro)inflammatory link between different risk factor conditions and the development of age-related CNS disorders. Altogether, evidence convincingly indicates Lcn2 as a key constituent in ageing and age-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doortje W Dekens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonie Gouweleeuw
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Regien G Schoemaker
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health and Neuroscience Institute, Brain Behaviour Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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14
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Zavala-Guevara IP, Ortega-Romero MS, Narváez-Morales J, Jacobo-Estrada TL, Lee WK, Arreola-Mendoza L, Thévenod F, Barbier OC. Increased Endocytosis of Cadmium-Metallothionein through the 24p3 Receptor in an In Vivo Model with Reduced Proximal Tubular Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7262. [PMID: 34298880 PMCID: PMC8303618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proximal tubule (PT) is the major target of cadmium (Cd2+) nephrotoxicity. Current dogma postulates that Cd2+ complexed to metallothionein (MT) (CdMT) is taken up through receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME) via the PT receptor megalin:cubilin, which is the predominant pathway for reuptake of filtered proteins in the kidney. Nevertheless, there is evidence that the distal parts of the nephron are also sensitive to damage induced by Cd2+. In rodent kidneys, another receptor for protein endocytosis, the 24p3 receptor (24p3R), is exclusively expressed in the apical membranes of distal tubules (DT) and collecting ducts (CD). Cell culture studies have demonstrated that RME and toxicity of CdMT and other (metal ion)-protein complexes in DT and CD cells is mediated by 24p3R. In this study, we evaluated the uptake of labeled CdMT complex through 24p3R after acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by gentamicin (GM) administration that disrupts PT function. Subcutaneous administration of GM at 10 mg/kg/day for seven days did not alter the structural and functional integrity of the kidney's filtration barrier. However, because of PT injury, the concentration of the renal biomarker Kim-1 increased. When CdMT complex coupled to FITC was administered intravenously, both uptake of the CdMT complex and 24p3R expression in DT increased and also colocalized after PT injury induced by GM. Although megalin decreased in PT after GM administration, urinary protein excretion was not changed, which suggests that the increased levels of 24p3R in the distal nephron could be acting as a compensatory mechanism for protein uptake. Altogether, these results suggest that PT damage increases the uptake of the CdMT complex through 24p3R in DT (and possibly CD) and compensate for protein losses associated with AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel Pamela Zavala-Guevara
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, México CP 07360, Mexico; (I.P.Z.-G.); (M.S.O.-R.); (J.N.-M.)
| | - Manolo Sibael Ortega-Romero
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, México CP 07360, Mexico; (I.P.Z.-G.); (M.S.O.-R.); (J.N.-M.)
| | - Juana Narváez-Morales
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, México CP 07360, Mexico; (I.P.Z.-G.); (M.S.O.-R.); (J.N.-M.)
| | - Tania Libertad Jacobo-Estrada
- Departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 30 de Junio de 1520 s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, México CP 07340, Mexico;
| | - Wing-Kee Lee
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and ZBAF (Center for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health-School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58448 Witten, Germany; (W.-K.L.); (F.T.)
- Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cells and Membranes, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Laura Arreola-Mendoza
- Departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 30 de Junio de 1520 s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, México CP 07340, Mexico;
| | - Frank Thévenod
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology and ZBAF (Center for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health-School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58448 Witten, Germany; (W.-K.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Olivier Christophe Barbier
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, México CP 07360, Mexico; (I.P.Z.-G.); (M.S.O.-R.); (J.N.-M.)
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15
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Burda PC, Crosskey T, Lauk K, Zurborg A, Söhnchen C, Liffner B, Wilcke L, Pietsch E, Strauss J, Jeffries CM, Svergun DI, Wilson DW, Wilmanns M, Gilberger TW. Structure-Based Identification and Functional Characterization of a Lipocalin in the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107817. [PMID: 32579913 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the lipocalin family are known to bind small hydrophobic ligands and are involved in various physiological processes ranging from lipid transport to oxidative stress responses. The genome of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum contains a single protein PF3D7_0925900 with a lipocalin signature. Using crystallography and small-angle X-ray scattering, we show that the protein has a tetrameric structure of typical lipocalin monomers; hence we name it P. falciparum lipocalin (PfLCN). We show that PfLCN is expressed in the intraerythrocytic stages of the parasite and localizes to the parasitophorous and food vacuoles. Conditional knockdown of PfLCN impairs parasite development, which can be rescued by treatment with the radical scavenger Trolox or by temporal inhibition of hemoglobin digestion. This suggests a key function of PfLCN in counteracting oxidative stress-induced cell damage during multiplication of parasites within erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul-Christian Burda
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Crosskey
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Lauk
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aimo Zurborg
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Söhnchen
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Liffner
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Louisa Wilcke
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Emma Pietsch
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Strauss
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cy M Jeffries
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitri I Svergun
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Danny W Wilson
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Matthias Wilmanns
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Tim-Wolf Gilberger
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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16
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Abstract
Iron is an essential metal for cellular metabolism. The reduced form of iron is a cofactor in numerous redox reactions in the cell and is therefore required for many vital physiological functions. Since iron is an oxidatively active metal, its homeostasis is tightly regulated in healthy cell. Most of iron exists in a protein-bound form, in erythrocytes as the heme compound hemoglobin, and in storage proteins such as ferritin, hemosiderin and myoglobin. Iron also is bound to proteins and non-heme enzymes involved in oxidation-reduction reactions and the transfer of electrons. There is no free iron inside the cell, however a small fraction of loosely bound iron is found in the cytoplasm. This poorly defined pool of ferrous iron is called labile iron pool. Under pathological conditions iron homeostasis may be disrupted at different levels including absorption, systemic transportation, and cellular uptake and storage. Cancer cells display dysregulated iron homeostasis and, for reasons yet poorly understood, require more iron for their metabolism and growth. As a result, in cancer cells labile iron pool is increased, and loosely bound iron catalyzes Fenton reaction and perhaps other reactions that generate reactive oxygen species. Oxygen-derived free radicals produce DNA mutations, damage proteins and lipids resulting in either cell death or cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Salnikow
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States.
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17
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Samsonov SA, Zsila F, Maszota-Zieleniak M. Acute phase α 1-acid glycoprotein as a siderophore-capturing component of the human plasma: A molecular modeling study. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 105:107861. [PMID: 33640788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Siderophores are ferric ion-specific organic compounds that are used by bacteria and fungi to secure their iron supply when infecting target organisms. There are a few proteins in the human body, named siderocalins, which bind these important virulence factors and so starve microorganisms of iron. In this study, we analyzed in silico if serum α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), the major acute phase lipocalin component of the human plasma, could functionally belong to this group. The real biological function of AAG is elusive and its concentration substantially increases in response to pathological stimuli, including bacterial infections. We computationally evaluated the potential binding of nine microbial siderophores into the β-barrel cavity of AAG and compared the results with the corresponding experimental data reported for siderophore-neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin complexes. According to the results, petrobactin and Fe-BisHaCam are putative candidates to be recognized by this protein. It is proposed that AAG may function as a siderophore capturing component of the innate immune system being able to neutralize bacterial iron chelators not recognized by other siderocalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Samsonov
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ferenc Zsila
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Hungary.
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18
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Park H, Yeo S, Kang S, Huh CS. Longitudinal Microbiome Analysis in a Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Mouse Model. Microorganisms 2021; 9:370. [PMID: 33673349 PMCID: PMC7917662 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been in focus for decades. Although metagenomic observations in patients/animal colitis models have been attempted, the microbiome results were still indefinite and broad taxonomic presumptions were made due to the cross-sectional studies. Herein, we conducted a longitudinal microbiome analysis in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model with a two-factor design based on serial DSS dose (0, 1, 2, and 3%) and duration for 12 days, and four mice from each group were sacrificed at two-day intervals. During the colitis development, a transition of the cecal microbial diversity from the normal state to dysbiosis and dynamic changes of the populations were observed. We identified genera that significantly induced or depleted depending on DSS exposure, and confirmed the correlations of the individual taxa to the colitis severity indicated by inflammatory biomarkers (intestinal bleeding and neutrophil-derived indicators). Of note, each taxonomic population showed its own susceptibility to the changing colitis status. Our findings suggest that an understanding of the individual susceptibility to colitis conditions may contribute to identifying the role of the gut microbes in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoon Park
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon 25354, Korea;
- Advanced Green Energy and Environment Institute, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Korea
| | - Soyoung Yeo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Seokwon Kang
- Department of Life Sciences, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Korea;
| | - Chul Sung Huh
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon 25354, Korea;
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon 25354, Korea
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19
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Luthra A, Montezuma-Rusca JM, La Vake CJ, LeDoyt M, Delgado KN, Davenport TC, Fiel-Gan M, Caimano MJ, Radolf JD, Hawley KL. Evidence that immunization with TP0751, a bipartite Treponema pallidum lipoprotein with an intrinsically disordered region and lipocalin fold, fails to protect in the rabbit model of experimental syphilis. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008871. [PMID: 32936831 PMCID: PMC7521688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deconvolution of syphilis pathogenesis and selection of candidate syphilis vaccinogens requires detailed knowledge of the molecular architecture of the Treponema pallidum outer membrane (OM). The T. pallidum OM contains a low density of integral OM proteins, while the spirochete's many lipoprotein immunogens are periplasmic. TP0751, a lipoprotein with a lipocalin fold, is reportedly a surface-exposed protease/adhesin and protective antigen. The rapid expansion of calycin/lipocalin structures in the RCSB PDB database prompted a comprehensive reassessment of TP0751. Small angle X-ray scattering analysis of full-length protein revealed a bipartite topology consisting of an N-terminal, intrinsically disordered region (IDR) and the previously characterized C-terminal lipocalin domain. A DALI server query using the lipocalin domain yielded 97 hits, 52 belonging to the calycin superfamily, including 15 bacterial lipocalins, but no Gram-negative surface proteins. Surprisingly, Tpp17 (TP0435) was identified as a structural ortholog of TP0751. In silico docking predicted that TP0751 can bind diverse ligands along the rim of its eight-stranded β-barrel; high affinity binding of one predicted ligand, heme, to the lipocalin domain was demonstrated. qRT-PCR and immunoblotting revealed very low expression of TP0751 compared to other T. pallidum lipoproteins. Immunoblot analysis of immune rabbit serum failed to detect TP0751 antibodies, while only one of five patients with secondary syphilis mounted a discernible TP0751-specific antibody response. In opsonophagocytosis assays, neither TP0751 nor Tpp17 antibodies promoted uptake of T. pallidum by rabbit peritoneal macrophages. Rabbits immunized with intact, full-length TP0751 showed no protection against local or disseminated infection following intradermal challenge with T. pallidum. Our data argue that, like other lipoprotein lipocalins in dual-membrane bacteria, TP0751 is periplasmic and binds small molecules, and we propose that its IDR facilitates ligand binding by and offloading from the lipocalin domain. The inability of TP0751 to elicit opsonic or protective antibodies is consistent with a subsurface location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Luthra
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
| | - Jairo M. Montezuma-Rusca
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
| | - Carson J. La Vake
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
| | - Morgan LeDoyt
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
| | | | | | - Mary Fiel-Gan
- Department of Pathology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, United States of America
| | - Melissa J. Caimano
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
| | - Justin D. Radolf
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
| | - Kelly L. Hawley
- Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, United States of America
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20
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Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential of Lipocalin 2 in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124365. [PMID: 32575507 PMCID: PMC7352275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a secreted glycoprotein linked to several physiological roles, including transporting hydrophobic ligands across cell membranes, modulating immune responses, maintaining iron homeostasis, and promoting epithelial cell differentiation. Although LNC2 is expressed at low levels in most human tissues, it is abundant in aggressive subtypes of cancer, including breast, pancreas, thyroid, ovarian, colon, and bile duct cancers. High levels of LCN2 have been associated with increased cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, LCN2 modulates the degradation, allosteric events, and enzymatic activity of matrix metalloprotease-9, a metalloprotease that promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Hence, LCN2 has emerged as a potential therapeutic target against many cancer types. This review summarizes the most relevant findings regarding the expression, biological roles, and regulation of LCN2, as well as the proteins LCN2 interacts with in cancer. We also discuss the approaches to targeting LCN2 for cancer treatment that are currently under investigation, including the use of interference RNAs, antibodies, and gene editing.
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21
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Cassidy H, Slyne J, Higgins M, Radford R, Conlon PJ, Watson AJ, Ryan MP, McMorrow T, Slattery C. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is localised to the primary cilium in renal tubular epithelial cells - A novel source of urinary biomarkers of renal injury. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:165532. [PMID: 31422117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary cilia have been shown to play a central role in regulating epithelial cell differentiation during injury and repair. Growing evidence implicates structural and functional abnormalities of primary cilia in kidney epithelial cells in the onset and development of various kidney diseases including polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Neutrophil-gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been identified as a reliable urinary biomarker of kidney injury. However, the mechanism by which this protein accumulates in patient urine samples has not been fully elucidated. METHODS Human renal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs) were exposed to previously characterized deciliating agents to assess mechanisms of primary cilium loss. Confocal immunofluorescent imaging was employed to visualise the effects on cilia. Western blot analysis was utilised to quantify the ciliary protein Arl13b in both RPTEC whole cell lysates and supernatants. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to demonstrate co-localisation of Arl13b and NGAL in urinary samples from a clinical Chronic Allograft Nephropathy (CAN) cohort. RESULTS Immunofluorescent analysis revealed that NGAL was localised to the primary cilium in RPTECs, co-localizing with a ciliary specific protein, Arl13b. Deciliation experiments showed that loss of the cilia coincided with loss of NGAL from the cells. CONCLUSION The accumulation of NGAL in supernatants in vitro and in the urine of CAN patients was concurrent with loss of Arl13b, a specific ciliary protein. The findings of this study propose that increased NGAL urinary concentrations are directly linked to deciliation of the renal epithelial cells as a result of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Cassidy
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jennifer Slyne
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Michael Higgins
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Robert Radford
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Peter J Conlon
- Department of Nephrology & Transplantation, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan J Watson
- Department of Nephrology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Medicine and Medicinal Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Michael P Ryan
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tara McMorrow
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Craig Slattery
- UCD Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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22
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The anti-bacterial iron-restriction defence mechanisms of egg white; the potential role of three lipocalin-like proteins in resistance against Salmonella. Biometals 2019; 32:453-467. [PMID: 30810876 PMCID: PMC6584246 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-019-00180-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) is the most frequently-detected Salmonella in foodborne outbreaks in the European Union. Among such outbreaks, egg and egg products were identified as the most common vehicles of infection. Possibly, the major antibacterial property of egg white is iron restriction, which results from the presence of the iron-binding protein, ovotransferrin. To circumvent iron restriction, SE synthesise catecholate siderophores (i.e. enterobactin and salmochelin) that can chelate iron from host iron-binding proteins. Here, we highlight the role of lipocalin-like proteins found in egg white that could enhance egg-white iron restriction through sequestration of certain siderophores, including enterobactin. Indeed, it is now apparent that the egg-white lipocalin, Ex-FABP, can inhibit bacterial growth via its siderophore-binding capacity in vitro. However, it remains unclear whether Ex-FABP performs such a function in egg white or during bird infection. Regarding the two other lipocalins of egg white (Cal-γ and α-1-glycoprotein), there is currently no evidence to indicate that they sequester siderophores.
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23
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Dekens DW, Naudé PJW, Keijser JN, Boerema AS, De Deyn PP, Eisel ULM. Lipocalin 2 contributes to brain iron dysregulation but does not affect cognition, plaque load, and glial activation in the J20 Alzheimer mouse model. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:330. [PMID: 30501637 PMCID: PMC6267886 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is an acute-phase protein implicated in multiple neurodegenerative conditions. Interestingly, both neuroprotective and neurodegenerative effects have been described for Lcn2. Increased Lcn2 levels were found in human post-mortem Alzheimer (AD) brain tissue, and in vitro studies indicated that Lcn2 aggravates amyloid-β-induced toxicity. However, the role of Lcn2 has not been studied in an in vivo AD model. Therefore, in the current study, the effects of Lcn2 were studied in the J20 mouse model of AD. METHODS J20 mice and Lcn2-deficient J20 (J20xLcn2 KO) mice were compared at the behavioral and neuropathological level. RESULTS J20xLcn2 KO and J20 mice presented equally strong AD-like behavioral changes, cognitive impairment, plaque load, and glial activation. Interestingly, hippocampal iron accumulation was significantly decreased in J20xLcn2 KO mice as compared to J20 mice. CONCLUSIONS Lcn2 contributes to AD-like brain iron dysregulation, and future research should further explore the importance of Lcn2 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doortje W. Dekens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
| | - Petrus J. W. Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
| | - Jan N. Keijser
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
| | - Ate S. Boerema
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
| | - Peter P. De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ulrich L. M. Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
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24
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Sun WY, Bai B, Luo C, Yang K, Li D, Wu D, Félétou M, Villeneuve N, Zhou Y, Yang J, Xu A, Vanhoutte PM, Wang Y. Lipocalin-2 derived from adipose tissue mediates aldosterone-induced renal injury. JCI Insight 2018; 3:120196. [PMID: 30185654 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.120196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 is not only a sensitive biomarker, but it also contributes to the pathogenesis of renal injuries. The present study demonstrates that adipose tissue-derived lipocalin-2 plays a critical role in causing both chronic and acute renal injuries. Four-week treatment with aldosterone and high salt after uninephrectomy (ANS) significantly increased both circulating and urinary lipocalin-2, and it induced glomerular and tubular injuries in kidneys of WT mice. Despite increased renal expression of lcn2 and urinary excretion of lipocalin-2, mice with selective deletion of lcn2 alleles in adipose tissue (Adipo-LKO) are protected from ANS- or aldosterone-induced renal injuries. By contrast, selective deletion of lcn2 alleles in kidney did not prevent aldosterone- or ANS-induced renal injuries. Transplantation of fat pads from WT donors increased the sensitivity of mice with complete deletion of Lcn2 alleles (LKO) to aldosterone-induced renal injuries. Aldosterone promoted the urinary excretion of a human lipocalin-2 variant, R81E, in turn causing renal injuries in LKO mice. Chronic treatment with R81E triggered significant renal injuries in LKO, resembling those observed in WT mice following ANS challenge. Taken in conjunction, the present results demonstrate that lipocalin-2 derived from adipose tissue causes acute and chronic renal injuries, largely independent of local lcn2 expression in kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Yan Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Bai
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cuiting Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kangmin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dahui Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Donghai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Yang Zhou
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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25
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Zhang W, Li X, Hua F, Chen W, Wang W, Chu GX, Bao GH. Interaction between Ester-Type Tea Catechins and Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin: Inhibitory Mechanism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1147-1156. [PMID: 29355013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tea is thought to alleviate neurotoxicity due to the antioxidative effect of ester-type tea catechins (ETC). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) can sensitize β-amyloid (Aβ) induced neurotoxicity, and inhibitors of NGAL may relieve associated symptoms. As such, the interactions of ETC with NGAL were investigated by fluorescence spectrometry and molecular simulation. NGAL fluorescence is quenched regularly when being added with six processing types of tea infusion (SPTT) and ETC. Thermodynamic analyses suggest that ETC with more catechol moieties has a stronger binding capacity with NGAL especially in the presence of Fe3+. (-)-Epicatechin 3-O-caffeoate (ECC), a natural product isolated from Zijuan green tea, shows the strongest binding ability with NGAL (Kd = 15.21 ± 8.68 nM in the presence of Fe3+). All ETC are effective in protecting nerve cells against H2O2 or Aβ1-42 induced injury. The inhibitory mechanism of ETC against NGAL supports its potential use in attenuation of neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Hua
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Xiu Chu
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-Hu Bao
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
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26
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Wang W, Fu XW, Dai XL, Hua F, Chu GX, Chu MJ, Hu FL, Ling TJ, Gao LP, Xie ZW, Wan XC, Bao GH. Novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Zijuan tea and biosynthetic pathway of caffeoylated catechin in tea plant. Food Chem 2017; 237:1172-1178. [PMID: 28763966 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Zijuan tea is a special cultivar of Yunnan broad-leaf tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) with purple buds, leaves, and stems. Phytochemical study on this tea led to the discovery of three hydroxycinnamoylated catechins (HCCs) (1-3), seven other catechins (4-10), three proanthocyanidins (11-13), five flavones and flavone glycosides (14-18), two alkaloids (19, 20), one steroid (21), and one phenylpropanoid glycoside (22). The isolation and structural elucidation of the caffeoylated catechin (1) by means of spectroscopic techniques were described. We also provide the first evidence that 1 is synthesized via a two-step pathway in tea plant. The three HCCs (1-3) were investigated on their bioactivity through molecular modeling simulation and biochemical experiments. Our results show that they bind acetylcholinesterase (AChE) tightly and have strong AChE inhibitory activity with IC50 value at 2.49, 11.41, 62.26μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Xi-Wen Fu
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Xin-Long Dai
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Fang Hua
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Gang-Xiu Chu
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Ming-Jie Chu
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Feng-Lin Hu
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Tie-Jun Ling
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Zhong-Wen Xie
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Xiao-Chun Wan
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Guan-Hu Bao
- International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230036, China.
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27
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Costa D, Principi E, Lazzarini E, Descalzi F, Cancedda R, Castagnola P, Tavella S. LCN2 overexpression in bone enhances the hematopoietic compartment via modulation of the bone marrow microenvironment. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3077-3087. [PMID: 28004388 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a member of the lipocalin family whose expression is modulated in several conditions, including cell differentiation, innate immunity, stress, and cancer. Although it is known that it is expressed in bone, its function in this tissue remains poorly studied. To this end, we took advantage of transgenic mice lines that expressed LCN2 driven by a bone specific type I collagen (LCN2-Tg). In the bone marrow (BM) of LCN2-Tg mice we observed an increased number of phenotypically long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSC) that also displayed a higher proliferation rate compared to wild-type controls (Wt). Furthermore, hematopoietic progenitor cells, obtained from LCN2-Tg BM showed an increased clonogenic capacity compared to those obtained from LCN2-Tg spleen, a higher concentration of serum erythropoietin and a higher number of mature erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of old LCN2-Tg animals compared to aged-matched wt. The findings of a combined increase in the BM of the LCN2-Tg mice of SDF-1, SCF, and TIMP-1 levels along with the reduction of both MMP-9 activity and cathepsin K concentration may explain the observed effects on the HSC compartment. This study shows that LCN2 overexpression in bones modifies the BM microenvironment via modulation of the expression of key secreted factors and cytokines, which in turn regulate the HSC niche behavior enhancing both HSC homing in young mice and erythrocytes production in older mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfina Costa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita' di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Principi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita' di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Lazzarini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita' di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Fiorella Descalzi
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
| | - Ranieri Cancedda
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita' di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Patrizio Castagnola
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Sara Tavella
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita' di Genova, Genova, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
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28
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Neumann W, Gulati A, Nolan EM. Metal homeostasis in infectious disease: recent advances in bacterial metallophores and the human metal-withholding response. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 37:10-18. [PMID: 27992799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A tug-of-war between the mammalian host and bacterial pathogen for nutrients, including first-row transition metals (e.g. Mn, Fe, Zn), occurs during infection. Here we present recent advances about three metal-chelating metabolites that bacterial pathogens deploy when invading the host: staphylopine, staphyloferrin B, and enterobactin. These highlights provide new insights into the mechanisms of bacterial metal acquisition and regulation, as well as the contributions of host-defense proteins during the human innate immune response. The studies also underscore that the chemical composition of the microenvironment at an infection site can influence bacterial pathogenesis and the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilma Neumann
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anmol Gulati
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Nolan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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