1
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Carlo MJ, Nanney ALM, Patrick AL. Energy-Resolved In-Source Collison-Induced Dissociation for Isomer Discrimination. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024. [PMID: 39016059 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
While mass spectrometry remains a gold-standard tool for analyte detection, characterization, and quantitation, isomer differentiation is often a challenge. Tandem mass spectrometry is a common approach to increase the selectivity of mass spectrometry and energy-resolved measurements can provide further improvements. However, not all mass spectrometers, especially those that are very compact and affordable, are amenable to such experiments. For instance, single-stage mass spectrometers with soft ionization provide no dissociation information and quadrupole ion trap instruments with resonant excitation do not necessarily provide as informative of energy-resolved curves, for instance when extensive sequential dissociation is responsible for much of the "fingerprint". In-source collision-induced dissociation (IS-CID) is one approach to overcoming these barriers to exploit the analytical selectivity of energy-resolved CID without the need for additional instrumentation; this approach could broaden the reach of these selectivity gains to additional user bases (e.g., educational settings, field portable devices). Here, we specifically investigate energy-resolved IS-CID with the goal of (1) comparing between energy-resolved appearance curves measured with true tandem mass spectrometry on a quadrupole time-of-flight instrument and those obtained using IS-CID, (2) evaluating the approach as a means of differentiating isomers/isobar sets, especially those with similar dissociation patterns, and (3) exploring additional analytical considerations relevant to method development and implementation. This proof-of-concept work establishes the analytical potential of this approach, opening doors for future method development for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Carlo
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Andie L M Nanney
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Amanda L Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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2
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Carlo MJ, Patrick AL. Further exploration of the collision-induced dissociation of select beta blockers: Acebutolol, atenolol, bisoprolol, carteolol, and labetalol. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2023; 58:e4985. [PMID: 37990768 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Beta blockers are a class of drugs commonly used to treat heart-related diseases; they are also regulated under the World Anti-Doping Agency. Tandem mass spectrometry is often used in the pharmaceutical industry, clinical analysis laboratory, and antidoping laboratory for detection and characterization of drugs and their metabolites. A deeper chemical understanding of dissociation pathways may eventually lead to an improved ability to predict tandem mass spectra of compounds based strictly on their chemical structure (or vice versa), which is especially important for characterization of unknowns such as emerging designer drugs or novel metabolites. In addition to providing insights into dissociation pathways, the use of energy-resolved breakdown curves can produce improved selectivity and lend insights into optimal fragmentation conditions for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry LC-MS/MS workflows. Here, we perform energy-resolved collision cell and multistage ion trap collision-induced dissociation-mass spectrometry (CID-MS) experiments, along with complementary density functional theory calculations, on five beta blockers (acebutolol, atenolol, bisoprolol, carteolol, and labetalol), to better understand the details of the pathways giving rise to the observed MS/MS patterns. Results from this work are contextualized within previously reported literature on these compounds. New insights into the formation of the characteristic product ion m/z 116 and the pathway leading to characteristic loss of 77 u are highlighted. We also present comparisons of breakdown curves obtained via qToF, quadrupole ion trap, and in-source CID, allowing for differences between the data to be noted and providing a step toward allowing for improved selectivity of breakdown curves to be realized on simple instruments such as single quadrupoles or ion traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Carlo
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Amanda L Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
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3
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Zhou W, Nazdrajić E, Pawliszyn J. High-Throughput and Rapid Screening of Drugs of Abuse in Saliva by Multi-Segment Injection Using Solid-Phase Microextraction-Automated Microfluidic Open Interface-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:6367-6373. [PMID: 37021600 PMCID: PMC10848236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
There is great demand for analytical methods capable of providing high-throughput and rapid screening, especially for anti-doping and clinical point-of-care applications. In this work, automated microfluidic open interface-mass spectrometry (MOI-MS) was used for coupling with high-throughput, automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) to achieve this objective. The design of the MOI-MS interface provides a continuous and stable electrospray fluid flow to the MS without introducing any bubble, a feature that we exploit to introduce the concept of multi-segment injection for the determination of multiple samples in a single MS run. By eliminating the need to start a new MS run between sample assays, the developed approach provides significantly simplified protocols controlled by programmed software and increased reproducibility. Furthermore, the biocompatible SPME device, which utilizes coating consisting of hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced particles embedded in a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) binder, can be directly used for biological sample analysis, as the PAN acts as both a binder and a matrix-compatible barrier, thus enabling the enrichment of small molecules while eliminating interferences associated with the presence of interfering macromolecules. The above design was employed to develop a fast, quantitative method capable of analyzing drugs of abuse in saliva samples in as little as 75 s per sample. The findings indicate that the developed method provides good analytical performance, with limits of detection ranging between 0.05 and 5 ng/mL for analysis of 16 drugs of abuse, good calibration linear correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.9957), accuracy between 81 and 120%, and excellent precision (RSD% < 13%). Finally, a proof-of-concept experiment was performed to demonstrate the method's suitability for real-time analysis in anti-doping applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Emir Nazdrajić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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4
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Lv Y, Shang Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Ma Q. Online hyphenation of in-capillary aptamer-functionalized solid-phase microextraction and extraction nanoelectrospray ionization for miniature mass spectrometry analysis. Analyst 2023; 148:1815-1823. [PMID: 36939082 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Direct mass spectrometry (MS) analysis is vital to chemical and biological investigations. However, measuring complex samples is challenging due to matrix interference, resulting in compromised MS performance. In this study, an integrated experimental protocol has been developed, combining in-capillary aptamer-functionalized solid-phase microextraction (SPME), extraction nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI), and miniature MS analysis. The established method was applied to analyze caffeine in electronic cigarette liquid and beverage samples as proof-of-concept demonstrations. A custom SPME strip fabricated with caffeine-binding aptamers was prepared with an immobilization density of up to 0.812 nmol cm-2. Critical parameters affecting the effects of extraction, desorption, and ionization were optimized. A novel transition ion ratio-based strategy with enhanced quantitation accuracy was developed. The analytical performance of the proposed method was evaluated under optimized conditions. Acceptable recoveries of 87.5-111.5% with relative standard deviations of 3.1-6.1% and satisfactory sensitivity with limits of detection of 1.5 and 3 ng mL-1 and limits of quantitation of 5 and 10 ng mL-1 were obtained, respectively. The developed approach demonstrates a promising potential for rapid on-site applications with appealing analytical performance and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueguang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Yuhan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Linsen Li
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
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5
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Zhang X, Hou X, Ma L, Shi Y, Zhang D, Qu K. Analytical methods for assessing antimicrobial activity of nanomaterials in complex media: advances, challenges, and perspectives. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:97. [PMID: 36941596 PMCID: PMC10026445 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing the antimicrobial activity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), especially in realistic scenarios, is of great significance for both basic research and applications. Multiple analytical methods are available for analysis via off-line or on-line measurements. Real-world samples are often complex with inorganic and organic components, which complicates the measurements of microbial viability and/or metabolic activity. This article highlights the recent advances achieved in analytical methods including typical applications and specifics regarding their accuracy, cost, efficiency, and user-friendliness. Methodological drawbacks, technique gaps, and future perspectives are also discussed. This review aims to help researchers select suitable methods for gaining insight into antimicrobial activities of targeted ENMs in artificial and natural complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhi Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiangyi Hou
- School of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Liangyu Ma
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yaqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Keming Qu
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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6
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Online coupling of matrix solid-phase dispersion to direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry for high-throughput analysis of regulated chemicals in consumer products. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1239:340677. [PMID: 36628757 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The current work is the first study on online coupling of matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) to direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) bridging with solid-phase analytical derivatization (SPAD) based on a graphene oxide nanosheets (GONs)-coated cotton swab. Proof-of-concept demonstrations were explored for high-throughput analysis of a diversity of regulated chemicals in consumer products such as textiles, toys, and cosmetics. On-demand sorbent combinations were blended with samples, packed into MSPD columns, and mounted on a homemade 3D-printed rack module for automated sample feeding. To achieve good synergy between MSPD and DART-MS, a cotton swab with a conical tip deposited with GONs was attached to the bottom of the MSPD column. The swabs serve as a solid-phase microextraction probe for convenient enrichment of the eluted analytes from MSPD, thermal desorption of the enriched analytes by DART, and sensitive detection by a hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Furthermore, the utility of an on-swab SPAD strategy was demonstrated for the detection of formaldehyde by use of the derivatizing reagent of dansyl hydrazine, contributing to improved ionization efficiency without compromising the overall coherence of the analytical workflow. The MSPD-DART-MS methodology was systematically optimized and validated, obtaining acceptable recovery (71.7-110.3%), repeatability (11.8-19.3%), and sensitivity (limits of detection and quantitation in the ranges of 6.2-19.5 and 23.7-75.9 μg/kg) for 32 target analytes. The developed protocol streamlined sample extraction, clean-up, desorption, ionization, and detection, highlighting the appealing potential for high-throughput analysis of samples with complex matrices.
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7
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Yue H, He F, Zhao Z, Duan Y. Plasma-based ambient mass spectrometry: Recent progress and applications. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:95-130. [PMID: 34128567 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has grown as a group of advanced analytical techniques that allow for the direct sampling and ionization of the analytes in different statuses from their native environment without or with minimum sample pretreatments. As a significant category of AMS, plasma-based AMS has gained a lot of attention due to its features that allow rapid, real-time, high-throughput, in vivo, and in situ analysis in various fields, including bioanalysis, pharmaceuticals, forensics, food safety, and mass spectrometry imaging. Tens of new methods have been developed since the introduction of the first plasma-based AMS technique direct analysis in real-time. This review first provides a comprehensive overview of the established plasma-based AMS techniques from their ion source configurations, mechanisms, and developments. Then, the progress of the representative applications in various scientific fields in the past 4 years (January 2017 to January 2021) has been summarized. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and propose the future directions of plasma-based AMS from our perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlu Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feiyao He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Chen W, Zou Y, Mo W, Di D, Wang B, Wu M, Huang Z, Hu B. Onsite Identification and Spatial Distribution of Air Pollutants Using a Drone-Based Solid-Phase Microextraction Array Coupled with Portable Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry via Continuous-Airflow Sampling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17100-17107. [PMID: 36395360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous air pollutants can be unintentionally and intentionally released in many cases, such as industrial emissions, accidental events, and pesticide application. Under such events, the onsite operation is highly dependent on the molecular composition and spatial distribution of air pollutants in ambient air. However, it is usually difficult for people to reach hazardous and upper sites rapidly. In this work, we designed a new drone-based microextraction sampler array in which a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was mounted on drones for remote-control sampling at different spaces and was then coupled with a portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PGC-MS) approach for quickly identifying hazardous air pollutants and their spatial distribution in ambient air within minutes. Acceptable analytical performances, including good sensitivity (detection limit at nanogram per liter level), reproducibility (relative standard deviation < 20%, n = 6), analytical speed (single sample within minutes), and excellent linear dynamic response (3 orders of magnitude) were obtained for direct measurement of air samples. The drone-SPME sampling mechanism of air pollutants involving an airflow adsorptive microextraction process was proposed. Overall, this drone-SPME sampling array can access hard-to-reach and dangerous environmental sites and provide air pollution distribution in different spaces, showing versatile potential applications in environmental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weini Chen
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Yingtong Zou
- Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co., Ltd., Guangzhou510530, China
| | - Wenzheng Mo
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Dandan Di
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
- Guangdong MS Institute of Scientific Instrument Innovation, Guangzhou510530, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Guangdong MS Institute of Scientific Instrument Innovation, Guangzhou510530, China
| | - Manman Wu
- Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co., Ltd., Guangzhou510530, China
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Zhengxu Huang
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
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9
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Gu H, Dai G, Liu S, Zhai Y, Xu Q, Wu H, Xu W. A compact liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument for the quantitation of immunosuppressants. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Song Y, Zhang Y, Wang L, Hu C, Liu ZF, Feng XS, He ZW. Cocaine in Different Matrices: Recent Updates on Pretreatment and Detection Techniques. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:529-548. [PMID: 35708993 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2087467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine abuse has attracted increased attention in the recent past since it can cause addiction and great harm to the normal human body. Due to cocaine exists in various complex matrices, the detection of it in different matrices is helpful to prevent abuse. It is thus imperative to establish efficient and accurate methods for pretreatment and detection of cocaine in different samples. The present study provides a summary of the research progress of cocaine pretreatment methods (such as different microextraction methods, QuEChERS, and solid phase extraction based on novel extraction materials) and detection approaches (such as liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors, gas chromatography and related techniques, capillary electrophoresis and sensors). A comparison of the pros and cons of different pretreatment and detection methods is presented. The findings of this study will provide a reference for selection of the most suitable cocaine pretreatment and detection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen-Wei He
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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11
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Guo C, Diao Z, Liu J, Yang B, Zhang J. Quantification and evaluation of ion transmission efficiency in two-stage vacuum chamber miniature mass spectrometer. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2022; 57:e4816. [PMID: 35229406 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Miniature mass spectrometer is more compact and portable than traditional commercial mass spectrometry, with more potential for application outside the laboratory. However, a miniature mass spectrometer is less sensitive than a commercial instrument, limiting its application scenarios. The ion transmission efficiency of the instrument is an essential factor affecting the sensitivity. Still, there are few works of literature on the quantitative study of the ion transmission efficiency of each component from a systematic perspective. In this paper, the Faraday cup coupled with a microcurrent signal testing instrument was used to measure the ions generated by nanoelectrospray ionization (nano-ESI), which have successfully gone through several components. Then the ion transmission efficiency of each component was quantified. Results showed that the front lens had the highest ion transmission efficiency of 39.7%, whereas the inlet and skimmer had the lowest ion transfer efficiency of 0.8% and 17.1%. Next, the influence of control parameters on ion transmission efficiency of critical components was investigated. If optimized, the ion funnel and the skimmer had the potential to improve their transmission efficiency by 120% and 79%, respectively. This paper shows the decreasing intensity distribution of ions in the whole transmission process and the transmission efficiency of each component, which can guide for improving the sensitivity of the miniature mass spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengan Guo
- Shenzhen Chin Instrument Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaoyin Diao
- Suzhou Fortune Precision Instrument Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Jianli Liu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Baokun Yang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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12
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Li J, Liu J, Wan Y, Wang J, Pi F. Routine analysis of pesticides in foodstuffs: Emerging ambient ionization mass spectrometry as an alternative strategy to be on your radar. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7341-7356. [PMID: 35229702 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides residues in foodstuffs are longstanding of great concern to consumers and governments, thus reliable evaluation techniques for these residues are necessary to ensure food safety. Emerging ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS), a transformative technology in the field of analytical chemistry, is becoming a promising and solid evaluation technology due to its advantages of direct, real-time and in-situ ionization on samples without complex pretreatments. To provide useful guidance on the evaluation techniques in the field of food safety, we offered a comprehensive review on the AIMS technology and introduced their novel applications for the analysis of residual pesticides in foodstuffs under different testing scenarios (i.e., quantitative, screening, imaging, high-throughput detection and rapid on-site analysis). Meanwhile, the creative combination of AIMS with high-resolution mass analyzer (e.g., orbitrap and time-of-flight) was fundamentally mentioned based on recent studies about the detection and evaluation of multi-residual pesticides between 2015 and 2021. Finally, the technical challenges and prospects associated with AIMS operation in food industry were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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13
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Arrizabalaga-Larrañaga A, Zoontjes PW, Lasaroms JJP, Nielen MWF, Blokland MH. Simplified screening approach of anabolic steroid esters using a compact atmospheric solid analysis probe mass spectrometric system. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:3459-3470. [PMID: 35220465 PMCID: PMC9018663 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to the absence of chromatographic separation, ambient ionization mass spectrometry had the potential to improve the throughput of control laboratories in the last decades and will soon be an excellent approach for on-site use as well. In this study, an atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) with a single quadrupole mass analyzer has been evaluated to identify anabolic steroid esters rapidly. Sample introduction, applied scan time, and probe temperature were optimized for sensitivity. The in-source fragmentations of seventeen selected steroid esters, commonly found in illicit samples, were determined by applying different cone voltages (12, 20, 30, and 40 V). A spectral library was created for these steroid esters based on the four stages of in-source fragmentation spectra. The applicability of this method was demonstrated for the rapid identification of steroid esters in oily injection solutions, providing test results in less than 2 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Arrizabalaga-Larrañaga
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Paul W Zoontjes
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Part of Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan J P Lasaroms
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Part of Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel W F Nielen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Part of Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco H Blokland
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Part of Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Shahhoseini F, Azizi A, Bottaro CS. Single-use porous polymer thin-film device: A reliable sampler for analysis of drugs in small volumes of biofluids. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1203:339651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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15
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Wilson S, Steele S, Adeli K. Innovative technological advancements in laboratory medicine: Predicting the lab of the future. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.2011413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Wilson
- Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shannon Steele
- Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Khosrow Adeli
- Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Yu Z, Huang L, Zhang Z, Li G. Simultaneous and Accurate Quantification of Multiple Antibiotics in Aquatic Samples by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Using a Ti 3C 2T x/DNA/Ag Membrane Substrate. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13072-13079. [PMID: 34515467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate analysis of multiple targets in complex samples is still a big challenge in the fast detection field. Herein, we developed a rapid and accurate strategy for simultaneous quantification of trace multiple antibiotic residues in complex aquatic samples by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) using a Ti3C2Tx/DNA/Ag membrane substrate. This membrane substrate was proven to have good uniformity, reproducibility, stability, and SERS activity by a series of characterizations. Also, this substrate combined excellent electromagnetic enhancement and chemical enhancement effects, which endowed it with good sensitivity and selectivity during SERS analysis. It achieved the integration of multitarget separation, enrichment, and in situ detection, which significantly improved the selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, and detection throughput by membrane substrate coupling with SERS for real-sample analysis. Finally, this rapid SERS analysis strategy was successfully applied to the simultaneous quantification of trace nitrofurantoin (NFT) and ofloxacin (OFX) in aquatic samples. It was observed that trace NFT and OFX were actually detected and simultaneously quantified to be 8.0-13.7 and 42.6-49.1 μg/kg in aquatic samples, respectively, with good recoveries of 88.0-107% and relative standard deviations of 0.3-5.5%. The results were verified by a traditional high-performance liquid chromatography method with relative errors of -9.8 to 5.3%. This strategy provided a methodological reference for accurate SERS quantification of multiple targets in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongning Yu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lu Huang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhuomin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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17
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Evans-Nguyen K, Stelmack AR, Clowser PC, Holtz JM, Mulligan CC. FIELDABLE MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE, HOMELAND SECURITY, AND DEFENSE APPLICATIONS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:628-646. [PMID: 32722885 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is commonly used in forensic chemistry laboratories for sensitive, definitive analysis. There have been significant efforts to bring mass spectrometry analysis on-site through the development of ruggedized, fieldable instruments. Testing samples in the field is of particular interest in forensic science, homeland security, and defense applications. In forensic chemistry, testing seized drugs in the field can significantly improve efficiencies in processing of related criminal cases. The screening of passengers and luggage at transportation hubs is a critical need for homeland security for which mass spectrometry is well suited to provide definitive answers with low false positive rates. Mass spectrometry can yield reliable data for military personnel testing sites for potential chemical weapons release. To meet the needs of the forensic and security communities fieldable mass spectrometers based on membrane inlet systems and hybrid gas chromatography systems have been developed and commercialized. More recently developed ambient ionization mass spectrometry methods can eliminate the time, equipment, and expertise associated with sample preparation, and so are especially appealing for on-site analysis. We describe the development of fieldable mass spectrometry systems, with emphasis on commercially available systems that have been deployed for on-site analysis of seized drugs, chemical warfare agents, explosives, and other analytes of interest to the forensic and security communities. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon Evans-Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | - Jessica M Holtz
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL
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18
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Jornet-Martínez N, Herráez-Hernández R, Campíns-Falcó P. Scopolamine analysis in beverages: Bicolorimetric device vs portable nano liquid chromatography. Talanta 2021; 232:122406. [PMID: 34074397 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Scopolamine (SCP) is often involved in sexual assaults and robberies, particularly in recreational environments. Therefore, analytical tools are required for the analysis of this compound amenable for the field. In this work, a sensor for SCP is described based on the entrapment of KMnO4 into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The possibility of using KMnO4 in combination with the reagent 1,2-naphtoquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) giving a double sensor acting as a bicolorimetric device is also demonstrated. In contact with the sample, the PDMS composite delivers MnO4-, which reacts rapidly with SCP under basic conditions causing a change of the color of the solution that can be related to the concentration of drug using both, absorbances and color coordinates, while the NQS part of the sensor remains unchanged. After an exposure time to the sensors of 10 min, satisfactory linearity was obtained for concentrations of SCP up to 865 μg/mL, being the limit of detection (LOD) 108 μg/mL. A method using a portable nano liquid chromatograph with detection at 255 nm has been also developed; in this case the LOD was 100 μg/mL and the working linear interval was 250-2000 μg/mL. The precision, expressed as relative standard deviation (RDS), was ≤8% for both methods. Different beverages (cola, cola-whisky, tonic water-vodka, red wine and green tea) were assayed. The potential of the two proposed approaches for on-site tests is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jornet-Martínez
- MINTOTA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - R Herráez-Hernández
- MINTOTA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - P Campíns-Falcó
- MINTOTA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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19
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Lee S, Chintalapudi K, Badu-Tawiah AK. Clinical Chemistry for Developing Countries: Mass Spectrometry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2021; 14:437-465. [PMID: 33979544 PMCID: PMC8932337 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091520-085936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Early disease diagnosis is necessary to enable timely interventions. Implementation of this vital task in the developing world is challenging owing to limited resources. Diagnostic approaches developed for resource-limited settings have often involved colorimetric tests (based on immunoassays) due to their low cost. Unfortunately, the performance/sensitivity of such simplistic tests are often limited and significantly hinder opportunities for early disease detection. A new criterion for selecting diagnostic tests in low- and middle-income countries is proposed here that is based on performance-to-cost ratio. For example, modern mass spectrometry (MS) now involves analysis of the native sample in the open laboratory environment, enabling applications in many fields, including clinical research, forensic science, environmental analysis, and agriculture. In this critical review, we summarize recent developments in chemistry that enable MS to be applied effectively in developing countries. In particular, we argue that closed automated analytical systems may not offer the analytical flexibility needed in resource-limited settings. Alternative strategies proposed here have potential to be widely accepted in low- and middle-income countries through the utilization of the open-source ambient MS platform that enables microsampling techniques such as dried blood spot to be coupled with miniature mass spectrometers in a centralized analytical platform. Consequently, costs associated with sample handling and maintenance can be reduced by >50% of the total ownership cost, permitting analytical measurements to be operated at high performance-to-cost ratios in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;
| | - Kavyasree Chintalapudi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;
| | - Abraham K Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;
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20
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Emmons RV, Gionfriddo E. Minimizing transient microenvironment-associated variability for analysis of environmental anthropogenic contaminants via ambient ionization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145789. [PMID: 33631588 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rapid and quantitative analysis of anthropogenic contaminants in environmental matrices is crucial for regulatory testing and to elucidate the environmental fate of these pollutants. Direct ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) methodologies greatly increase sample throughput, can be adapted for onsite analysis and are often regarded as semi-quantitative by most developed protocols. One of the limitations of AMS, especially for on site analysis applications, is the irreproducibility of the measurements related to the occurrence of transient microenvironments (TME) and variable background interferences. In this work we report an effective strategy to minimize these effects by hyphenating, for the first time, solid phase microextraction (SPME) arrow to mass spectrometry via a thermal desorption unit (TDU) and direct analysis in real time (DART) source. The developed method was optimized for the extraction and analysis of pesticides and pharmaceuticals from surface water. It was demonstrated that the hyphenation of the SPME and TDU-DART resulted in reduced background contamination, indicating the suitability of the method for onsite analysis even in variable and non-ideal environments. Model analytes were quantitated in the low μg/L range with a total analysis time of less than 5 min, linear dynamic ranges (LDR) and interday reproducibility for most compounds being 2.5-500 μg/L and lower than 10%, respectively. The developed approach provides an excellent analytical tool that can be applied for the onsite high-throughput analysis of water samples as well as air and aereosols. Considering the tunability of our extraction process, time-resolved environmental monitoring can be achieved onsite within minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald V Emmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States; Dr. Nina McClelland Laboratory for Water Chemistry and Environmental Analysis, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States
| | - Emanuela Gionfriddo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States; Dr. Nina McClelland Laboratory for Water Chemistry and Environmental Analysis, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States; School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States.
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21
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Jafari S, Guercetti J, Geballa-Koukoula A, Tsagkaris AS, Nelis JLD, Marco MP, Salvador JP, Gerssen A, Hajslova J, Elliott C, Campbell K, Migliorelli D, Burr L, Generelli S, Nielen MWF, Sturla SJ. ASSURED Point-of-Need Food Safety Screening: A Critical Assessment of Portable Food Analyzers. Foods 2021; 10:1399. [PMID: 34204284 PMCID: PMC8235511 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard methods for chemical food safety testing in official laboratories rely largely on liquid or gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Although these methods are considered the gold standard for quantitative confirmatory analysis, they require sampling, transferring the samples to a central laboratory to be tested by highly trained personnel, and the use of expensive equipment. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for portable and handheld devices to provide rapid, efficient, and on-site screening of food contaminants. Recent technological advancements in the field include smartphone-based, microfluidic chip-based, and paper-based devices integrated with electrochemical and optical biosensing platforms. Furthermore, the potential application of portable mass spectrometers in food testing might bring the confirmatory analysis from the laboratory to the field in the future. Although such systems open new promising possibilities for portable food testing, few of these devices are commercially available. To understand why barriers remain, portable food analyzers reported in the literature over the last ten years were reviewed. To this end, the analytical performance of these devices and the extent they match the World Health Organization benchmark for diagnostic tests, i.e., the Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment-free, and Deliverable to end-users (ASSURED) criteria, was evaluated critically. A five-star scoring system was used to assess their potential to be implemented as food safety testing systems. The main findings highlight the need for concentrated efforts towards combining the best features of different technologies, to bridge technological gaps and meet commercialization requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiye Jafari
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland;
- CSEM SA, Center Landquart, Bahnhofstrasse 1, 7302 Landquart, Switzerland; (D.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Julian Guercetti
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (M.-P.M.); (J.-P.S.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadni Geballa-Koukoula
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.G.-K.); (A.G.); (M.W.N.F.)
| | - Aristeidis S. Tsagkaris
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Dejvice, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (A.S.T.); (J.H.)
| | - Joost L. D. Nelis
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (J.L.D.N.); (C.E.); (K.C.)
| | - M.-Pilar Marco
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (M.-P.M.); (J.-P.S.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J.-Pablo Salvador
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (M.-P.M.); (J.-P.S.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arjen Gerssen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.G.-K.); (A.G.); (M.W.N.F.)
| | - Jana Hajslova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Dejvice, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (A.S.T.); (J.H.)
| | - Chris Elliott
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (J.L.D.N.); (C.E.); (K.C.)
| | - Katrina Campbell
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (J.L.D.N.); (C.E.); (K.C.)
| | - Davide Migliorelli
- CSEM SA, Center Landquart, Bahnhofstrasse 1, 7302 Landquart, Switzerland; (D.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Loïc Burr
- CSEM SA, Center Landquart, Bahnhofstrasse 1, 7302 Landquart, Switzerland; (D.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Silvia Generelli
- CSEM SA, Center Landquart, Bahnhofstrasse 1, 7302 Landquart, Switzerland; (D.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Michel W. F. Nielen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.G.-K.); (A.G.); (M.W.N.F.)
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shana J. Sturla
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland;
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Birse N, Chevallier O, Hrbek V, Kosek V, Hajŝlová J, Elliott C. Ambient mass spectrometry as a tool to determine poultry production system history: A comparison of rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry (REIMS) and direct analysis in real time (DART) ambient mass spectrometry platforms. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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Zhang X, Ren X, Chingin K. Applications of direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry in food analysis: A review. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9013. [PMID: 33277776 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Direct analysis in real time (DART) combined with mass spectrometry (MS) detection has become one of the most broadly used analytical approaches for the direct molecular characterization of food samples with regard to their chemical quality, safety, origin, and authentication. The major advantages of DART-MS for food analysis include high chemical sensitivity and specificity, high speed and throughput of analysis, simplicity, and the obviation of tedious sample preparation and solvents. METHODS The recent applications of DART coupled with different mass analyzers, including quadrupole, ion trap, Orbitrap, and time of flight, are discussed. In addition, sample pretreatment methods that have been coupled with DART-MS are discussed. RESULTS We summarize the applications of DART-MS in food science and industry published in the period from 2005 to this date. The applications and analytical characteristics are systematically categorized across the three major types of foods: solid foods, liquid foods, and viscous foods. CONCLUSIONS DART-MS has proved its high suitability for the direct, rapid, and high-throughput molecular analysis of very different food samples with minimal or no sample preparation, thus offering a high-speed alternative to liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) approaches that are traditionally employed in food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Konstantin Chingin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, China
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24
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Gionfriddo E, Gómez-Ríos GA. Analysis of food samples made easy by microextraction technologies directly coupled to mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4665. [PMID: 33098354 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Because of the complexity and diversity of food matrices, their chemical analysis often entails several analytical challenges to attain accurate and reliable results, especially for multiresidue analysis and ultratrace quantification. Nonetheless, microextraction technology, such as solid-phase microextraction (SPME), has revolutionized the concept of sample preparation for complex matrices because of its nonexhaustive, yet quantitative extraction approach and its amenability to coupling to multiple analytical platforms. In recent years, microextraction devices directly interfaced with mass spectrometry (MS) have redefined the analytical workflow by providing faster screening and quantitative methods for complex matrices. This review will discuss the latest developments in the field of food analysis by means of microextraction approaches directly coupled to MS. One key feature that differentiates SPME-MS approaches from other ambient MS techniques is the use of matrix compatible extraction phases that prevent biofouling, which could drastically affect the ionization process and are still capable of selective extraction of the targeted analytes from the food matrix. Furthermore, the review examines the most significant applications of SPME-MS for various ionization techniques such as direct analysis in real time, dielectric barrier desorption ionization, and some unique SPME geometries, for example, transmission mode SPME and coated blade spray, that facilitate the interface to MS instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Gionfriddo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, 43606, USA
- School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, 43606, USA
- Dr. Nina McClelland Laboratory for Water Chemistry and Environmental Analysis, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, 43606, USA
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25
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Borden SA, Palaty J, Termopoli V, Famiglini G, Cappiello A, Gill CG, Palma P. MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF DRUGS OF ABUSE: CHALLENGES AND EMERGING STRATEGIES. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:703-744. [PMID: 32048319 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry has been the "gold standard" for drugs of abuse (DoA) analysis for many decades because of the selectivity and sensitivity it affords. Recent progress in all aspects of mass spectrometry has seen significant developments in the field of DoA analysis. Mass spectrometry is particularly well suited to address the rapidly proliferating number of very high potency, novel psychoactive substances that are causing an alarming number of fatalities worldwide. This review surveys advancements in the areas of sample preparation, gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, as well as the rapidly emerging field of ambient ionization mass spectrometry. We have predominantly targeted literature progress over the past ten years and present our outlook for the future. © 2020 Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Borden
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, V9R 5S5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Jan Palaty
- LifeLabs Medical Laboratories, Burnaby, BC, V3W 1H8, Canada
| | - Veronica Termopoli
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Famiglini
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Achille Cappiello
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, V9R 5S5, Canada
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Chris G Gill
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, V9R 5S5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Pierangela Palma
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, V9R 5S5, Canada
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
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Mielczarek P, Silberring J, Smoluch M. MINIATURIZATION IN MASS SPECTROMETRY. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:453-470. [PMID: 31793697 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Expectations for continuous miniaturization in mass spectrometry are not declining for years. Portable instruments are highly welcome by the industry, science, space agencies, forensic laboratories, and many other units. All are striving for the small, cheap, and as good as possible instruments. This review describes the recent developments of miniature mass spectrometers and also provides selected applications where these devices are used. Upcoming perspectives of further development are also discussed. @ 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Mielczarek
- Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Silberring
- Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Curie-Sklodowskiej St. 34, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marek Smoluch
- Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
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27
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Brown HM, McDaniel TJ, Fedick PW, Mulligan CC. The current role of mass spectrometry in forensics and future prospects. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:3974-3997. [PMID: 32720670 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01113d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) techniques are highly prevalent in crime laboratories, particularly those coupled to chromatographic separations like gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC). These methods are considered "gold standard" analytical techniques for forensic analysis and have been extensively validated for producing prosecutorial evidentiary data. However, factors such as growing evidence backlogs and problematic evidence types (e.g., novel psychoactive substance (NPS) classes) have exposed limitations of these stalwart techniques. This critical review serves to delineate the current role of MS methods across the broad sub-disciplines of forensic science, providing insight on how governmental steering committees guide their implementation. Novel, developing techniques that seek to broaden applicability and enhance performance will also be highlighted, from unique modifications to traditional hyphenated MS methods to the newer "ambient" MS techniques that show promise for forensic analysis, but need further validation before incorporation into routine forensic workflows. This review also expounds on how recent improvements to MS instrumental design, scan modes, and data processing could cause a paradigm shift in how the future forensic practitioner collects and processes target evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary M Brown
- Chemistry Division, Research Department, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division (NAWCWD), United States Navy Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR), China Lake, California 93555, USA.
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Abstract
AbstractThere is a growing need for chemical analyses to be performed in the field, at the point of need. Tools and techniques often found in analytical chemistry laboratories are necessary in performing these analyses, yet have, historically, been unable to do so owing to their size, cost and complexity. Technical advances in miniaturisation and liquid chromatography are enabling the translation of these techniques out of the laboratory, and into the field. Here we examine the advances that are enabling portable liquid chromatography (LC). We explore the evolution of portable instrumentation from its inception to the most recent advances, highlighting the trends in the field and discussing the necessary criteria for developing in-field solutions. While instrumentation is becoming more capable it has yet to find adoption outside of research.
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Frey BS, Damon DE, Badu-Tawiah AK. Emerging trends in paper spray mass spectrometry: Microsampling, storage, direct analysis, and applications. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:336-370. [PMID: 31491055 PMCID: PMC7875099 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in the sensitivity of chemical instrumentation have led to increased interest in the use of microsamples for translational and biomedical research. Paper substrates are by far the most widely used media for biofluid collection, and mass spectrometry is the preferred method of analysis of the resultant dried blood spot (DBS) samples. Although there have been a variety of review papers published on DBS, there has been no attempt to unify the century old DBS methodology with modern applications utilizing modified paper and paper-based microfluidics for sampling, storage, processing, and analysis. This critical review will discuss how mass spectrometry has expanded the utility of paper substrates from sample collection and storage, to direct complex mixture analysis to on-surface reaction monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abraham K. Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Miniaturized liquid chromatography focusing on analytical columns and mass spectrometry: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1103:11-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Abstract
Thirty years since the invention and public disclosure of solid phase microextraction (SPME), the technology continues evolving and inspiring several other green extraction technologies amenable for the collection of small molecules present in complex matrices. In this manuscript, we review the fundamental and operational aspects of a novel SPME geometry that can be used to “hunt” target molecules in complex matrices: the SPME Arrow. In addition, a series of applications in environmental, food, cannabis and forensic analysis are succinctly covered. Finally, special emphasis is placed on novel interfaces to analytical instrumentation, as well as recent developments in coating materials for the SPME Arrow.
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McCullough BJ, Patel K, Francis R, Cain P, Douce D, Whyatt K, Bajic S, Lumley N, Hopley C. Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe Coupled to a Portable Mass Spectrometer for Rapid Identification of Bulk Drug Seizures. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:386-393. [PMID: 32031401 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of ambient ionization techniques and their combination with smaller, cheaper mass spectrometers is beginning to make real the possibility of mass spectrometry measurements being made routinely outside of traditional laboratory settings. Here, we describe the development of an atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) source for a commercially available miniaturized, single-quadrupole mass spectrometer and subsequent modification of the instrument to allow it to run as a deployable system; we further go on to describe the application of this instrument to the identification of the contents of drug seizures. For the drug seizure analysis, a small quantity of the material (powder, tablet, resin, etc.) was dissolved in ethanol and shaken to extract the analytes, the resulting solutions were then sampled by dipping a sealed glass capillary into the solution prior to analysis by ASAP-MS. Identification of the contents of the seizures was carried out using a NIST searching approach utilizing a bespoke spectral library containing 46 compounds representative of those most commonly encountered in UK forensic laboratories. In order to increase confidence in identification the library sample and subsequent analyses were carried out using a four-channel acquisition method; each channel in this method used a different cone voltage (15, 30, 50, and 70 V) inducing differing levels of in-source fragmentation in each channel; the match score across each channel was then used for identification. Using this developed method, a set of 50 real-life drug samples was analyzed with each of these being identified correctly using the library searching method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J McCullough
- National Measurement Laboratory , LGC , Queen's Road , Teddington TW11 0LY , UK
| | - Kirtan Patel
- Eurofins Forensic Services , Queens Road , Teddington TW11 0LY , UK
| | - Ryan Francis
- Eurofins Forensic Services , Queens Road , Teddington TW11 0LY , UK
| | - Peter Cain
- Eurofins Forensic Services , Queens Road , Teddington TW11 0LY , UK
| | - David Douce
- Waters Corporation , Stamford Avenue , Wilmslow SK9 4AX , UK
| | - Kate Whyatt
- Waters Corporation , Stamford Avenue , Wilmslow SK9 4AX , UK
| | - Steve Bajic
- Waters Corporation , Stamford Avenue , Wilmslow SK9 4AX , UK
| | - Nicola Lumley
- Waters Corporation , Stamford Avenue , Wilmslow SK9 4AX , UK
| | - Chris Hopley
- National Measurement Laboratory , LGC , Queen's Road , Teddington TW11 0LY , UK
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Swiner DJ, Jackson S, Burris BJ, Badu-Tawiah AK. Applications of Mass Spectrometry for Clinical Diagnostics: The Influence of Turnaround Time. Anal Chem 2020; 92:183-202. [PMID: 31671262 PMCID: PMC7896279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This critical review discusses how the need for reduced clinical turnaround times has influenced chemical instrumentation. We focus on the development of modern mass spectrometry (MS) and its application in clinical diagnosis. With increased functionality that takes advantage of novel front-end modifications and computational capabilities, MS can now be used for non-traditional clinical analyses, including applications in clinical microbiology for bacteria differentiation and in surgical operation rooms. We summarize here recent developments in the field that have enabled such capabilities, which include miniaturization for point-of-care testing, direct complex mixture analysis via ambient ionization, chemical imaging and profiling, and systems integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin J. Swiner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Sierra Jackson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Benjamin J. Burris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Abraham K. Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Potential of Recent Ambient Ionization Techniques for Future Food Contaminant Analysis Using (Trans)Portable Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn food analysis, a trend towards on-site testing of quality and safety parameters is emerging. So far, on-site testing has been mainly explored by miniaturized optical spectroscopy and ligand-binding assay approaches such as lateral flow immunoassays and biosensors. However, for the analysis of multiple parameters at regulatory levels, mass spectrometry (MS) is the method of choice in food testing laboratories. Thanks to recent developments in ambient ionization and upcoming miniaturization of mass analyzers, (trans)portable mass spectrometry may be added to the toolkit for on-site testing and eventually compete with multiplex immunoassays in mixture analysis. In this study, we preliminary evaluated a selection of recent ambient ionization techniques for their potential in simplified testing of selected food contaminants such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, and natural toxins, aiming for a minimum in sample preparation while maintaining acceptable sensitivity and robustness. Matrix-assisted inlet ionization (MAI), handheld desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (DAPCI), transmission-mode direct analysis in real time (TM-DART), and coated blade spray (CBS) were coupled to both benchtop Orbitrap and compact quadrupole single-stage mass analyzers, while CBS was also briefly studied on a benchtop triple-quadrupole MS. From the results, it can be concluded that for solid and liquid sample transmission configurations provide the highest sensitivity while upon addition of a stationary phase, such as in CBS, even low μg/L levels in urine samples can be achieved provided the additional selectivity of tandem mass spectrometry is exploited.
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Recent Applications and Newly Developed Strategies of Solid-Phase Microextraction in Contaminant Analysis: Through the Environment to Humans. SEPARATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/separations6040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review aims to describe the recent and most impactful applications in pollutant analysis using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technology in environmental, food, and bio-clinical analysis. The covered papers were published in the last 5 years (2014–2019) thus providing the reader with information about the current state-of-the-art and the future potential directions of the research in pollutant monitoring using SPME. To this end, we revised the studies focused on the investigation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), pesticides, and emerging pollutants (EPs) including personal care products (PPCPs), in different environmental, food, and bio-clinical matrices. We especially emphasized the role that SPME is having in contaminant surveys following the path that goes from the environment to humans passing through the food web. Besides, this review covers the last technological developments encompassing the use of novel extraction coatings (e.g., metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, PDMS-overcoated fiber), geometries (e.g., Arrow-SPME, multiple monolithic fiber-SPME), approaches (e.g., vacuum and cold fiber SPME), and on-site devices. The applications of SPME hyphenated with ambient mass spectrometry have also been described.
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Vasiljevic T, Gómez-Ríos GA, Li F, Liang P, Pawliszyn J. High-throughput quantification of drugs of abuse in biofluids via 96-solid-phase microextraction-transmission mode and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:1423-1433. [PMID: 31063263 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The workload of clinical laboratories has been steadily increasing over the last few years. High-throughput (HT) sample processing allows scientists to spend more time undertaking matters of critical thinking rather than laborious sample processing. Herein we introduce a HT 96-solid-phase microextraction (SPME) transmission mode (TM) system coupled to direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectrometry (MS). METHODS Model compounds (opioids) were extracted from urine and plasma samples using a 96-SPME-TM device. A standard voltage and pressure (SVP) DART source was used for all experiments. Examination of SPME-TM performance was done using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in full scan mode (100-500 m/z), whereas quantitation of opioids was performed using triple quadrupole MS in multiple reaction monitoring mode and by using a matrix-matched internal standard correction method. RESULTS Thirteen points (0.5 to 200 ng mL-1 ) were used to establish a calibration curve. Low limits of quantitation (LOQ) were obtained (0.5 to 25 ng mL-1 ) for matrices used. Acceptable accuracy (71.4-129.4%) and repeatability (1.1-24%) were obtained for validation levels tested (0.5, 30 and 90 ng mL-1 ). In less than 1.5 hours, 96 samples were extracted, desorbed and processed using the 96-SPME-TM system coupled to DART-MS. CONCLUSIONS A rapid HT method for detection of opioids in urine and plasma samples was developed. This study demonstrated that ambient ionization mass spectrometry coupled to robust sample preparation methods such as SPME-TM can rapidly and efficiently screen/quantify target analytes in a HT context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Vasiljevic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Germán Augusto Gómez-Ríos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Restek Corporation, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, 16823, USA
| | - Frederick Li
- Ionsense, Inc., Saugus, Massachusetts, 01906, USA
| | - Paul Liang
- Ionsense, Inc., Saugus, Massachusetts, 01906, USA
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Feider CL, Krieger A, DeHoog RJ, Eberlin LS. Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Recent Developments and Applications. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4266-4290. [PMID: 30790515 PMCID: PMC7444024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara L. Feider
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Anna Krieger
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Rachel J. DeHoog
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Livia S. Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Seyyal E, Evans-Nguyen T. Online Sol-gel Capillary Microextraction-Mass Spectrometry (CME-MS) Analysis of Illicit Drugs. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:595-604. [PMID: 30796621 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-02127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Providing rapid and sensitive sample cleanup, sol-gel capillary microextraction (CME) is a form of solid phase microextraction (SPME). The capillary format of CME couples easily with mass spectrometry (MS) by employing sol-gel sorbent coatings in inexpensive fused silica capillaries. By leveraging the syringe pump and six-port valve readily available on the commercial MS, we can obviate the need for chromatography for samples as complex as urine in quantitative assays. Two different sol-gel materials were studied as microextraction sorbents: one with a single ligand of octadecyl (C18) and the other with a dual-ligand combination of C18 and phenyl (Phe) groups. The CME-MS method was optimized for flow rate and solvent desorption and studied for overall microextraction performance between the two sorbents studied. We extract illicit drugs including cocaine, heroin, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and oxycodone, proving good run-to-run reproducibility (RSD% < 10%) and low detection limits (< 10 ng mL-1). The dual-ligand sorbent demonstrated superior performance due to typical hydrophobic properties of C18 as well as potential π-π interactions of the Phe functionality and the aromatic moiety common to many drugs. This study demonstrates the advantage of fine-tuning sol-gel sorbents for application-specific CME-MS. We apply our method to the analysis of various drugs in synthetic and human urine samples and show low carryover effect (~ 5%) and low matrix effect in the presence of the urine matrix. Thus, the sol-gel CME-MS technique described herein stands to be an attractive alternative to other SPME-MS techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Seyyal
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CHE 205, Tampa, FL, 33620-5250, USA
| | - Theresa Evans-Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CHE 205, Tampa, FL, 33620-5250, USA.
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Hu Q, Liu S, Liu Y, Fang X, Xu J, Chen X, Zhu F, Ouyang G. Development of an on–site detection approach for rapid and highly sensitive determination of persistent organic pollutants in real aquatic environment. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1050:88-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Medina S, Perestrelo R, Silva P, Pereira JA, Câmara JS. Current trends and recent advances on food authenticity technologies and chemometric approaches. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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42
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43
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A critical outlook on recent developments and applications of matrix compatible coatings for solid phase microextraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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44
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Forbes TP, Verkouteren JR. Forensic Analysis and Differentiation of Black Powder and Black Powder Substitute Chemical Signatures by Infrared Thermal Desorption-DART-MS. Anal Chem 2019; 91:1089-1097. [PMID: 30516959 PMCID: PMC6614743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The trace detection and forensic analysis of black powders and black powder substitutes, directly from wipe-based sample collections, was demonstrated using infrared thermal desorption (IRTD) coupled with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). Discrete 15 s heating ramps were generated, creating a thermal desorption profile that desorbed more volatile species (e.g., organic and semivolatile inorganic compounds) at lower temperatures (250-400 °C) and nonvolatile inorganic oxidizers at high temperatures (450-550 °C). Common inorganic components of black powders (e.g., sulfur and potassium nitrate) as well as the alternative and additional organic and inorganic components of common black powder substitutes (e.g., dicyandiamide, ascorbic acid, sodium benzoate, guanidine nitrate, and potassium perchlorate) were detected from polytetrafluoroethylene-coated fiberglass collection wipes with no additional sample preparation. IRTD-DART-MS enabled the direct detection of intact inorganic salt species as nitrate adducts (e.g., [KClO4+NO3]-) and larger clusters. The larger ion distributions generated by these complex mixtures were differentiated using principal component analysis (PCA) of the mass spectra generated at two points during the thermal desorption profile (low and high temperatures), as well as at high in-source collision-induced dissociation. The PCA framework generated by the analysis of the two black powders and five black powder substitutes was used to classify samples collected from a commercial firecracker containing both flash powder and black powder. The coupling of IRTD-DART-MS and multivariate statistics demonstrated the powerful utility for detection and discrimination of trace fuel-oxidizer mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P. Forbes
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Verkouteren
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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Liang D, Liu W, Raza R, Bai Y, Liu H. Applications of solid-phase micro-extraction with mass spectrometry in pesticide analysis. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:330-341. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Liang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education; College of New Energy and Environment; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education; College of New Energy and Environment; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Rabia Raza
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing P. R. China
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Bee MY, Jastrzembski JA, Sacks GL. Parallel Headspace Extraction onto Etched Sorbent Sheets Prior to Ambient-Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Automated, Trace-Level Volatile Analyses. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13806-13813. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Y. Bee
- Cornell University, Department of Food Science, 411 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jillian A. Jastrzembski
- Cornell University, Department of Food Science, 411 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gavin L. Sacks
- Cornell University, Department of Food Science, 411 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Wang P, Kricka LJ. Current and Emerging Trends in Point-of-Care Technology and Strategies for Clinical Validation and Implementation. Clin Chem 2018; 64:1439-1452. [PMID: 29884677 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.287052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Point-of-care technology (POCT) provides actionable information at the site of care to allow rapid clinical decision-making. With healthcare emphasis shifting toward precision medicine, population health, and chronic disease management, the potential impact of POCT continues to grow, and several prominent POCT trends have emerged or strengthened in the last decade. CONTENT This review summarizes current and emerging trends in POCT, including technologies approved or cleared by the Food and Drug Administration or in development. Technologies included have either impacted existing clinical diagnostics applications (e.g., continuous monitoring and targeted nucleic acid testing) or are likely to impact diagnostics delivery in the near future. The focus is limited to in vitro diagnostics applications, although in some sections, technologies beyond in vitro diagnostics are also included given the commonalities (e.g., ultrasound plug-ins for smart phones). For technologies in development (e.g., wearables, noninvasive testing, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, paper-based diagnostics, nanopore-based devices, and digital microfluidics), we also discuss their potential clinical applications and provide perspectives on strategies beyond technological and analytical proof of concept, with the end goal of clinical implementation and impact. SUMMARY The field of POCT has witnessed strong growth over the past decade, as evidenced by new clinical or consumer products or research and development directions. Combined with the appropriate strategies for clinical needs assessment, validation, and implementation, these and future POCTs may significantly impact care delivery and associated outcomes and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- William Pepper Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania Heath System, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Larry J Kricka
- William Pepper Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania Heath System, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Carbon Nanohorn Suprastructures on a Paper Support as a Sorptive Phase. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061252. [PMID: 29794967 PMCID: PMC6100432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes a method for the modification of paper with single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) to form stable suprastructures. The SWCNHs form stable dahlia-like aggregates in solution that are then self-assembled into superior structures if the solvent is evaporated. Dipping paper sections into a dispersion of SWCNHs leads to the formation of a thin film that can be used for microextraction purposes. The coated paper can be easily handled with a simple pipette tip, paving the way for disposable extraction units. As a proof of concept, the extraction of antidepressants from urine and their determination by direct infusion mass spectrometry is studied. Limits of detection (LODs) were 10 ng/L for desipramine, amitriptyline, and mianserin, while the precision, expressed as a relative standard deviation, was 7.2%, 7.3%, and 9.8%, respectively.
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Tascon M, Alam MN, Gómez-Ríos GA, Pawliszyn J. Development of a Microfluidic Open Interface with Flow Isolated Desorption Volume for the Direct Coupling of SPME Devices to Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:2631-2638. [PMID: 29388761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Technologies that efficiently integrate the sampling and sample preparation steps with direct introduction to mass spectrometry (MS), providing simple and sensitive analytical workflows as well as capabilities for automation, can generate a great impact in a vast variety of fields, such as in clinical, environmental, and food-science applications. In this study, a novel approach that facilitates direct coupling of Bio-SPME devices to MS using a microfluidic design is presented. This technology, named microfluidic open interface (MOI), which operates under the concept of flow-isolated desorption volume, consists of an open-to-ambient desorption chamber (V ≤ 7 μL) connected to an ionization source. Subsequently, compounds of interest are transported to the ionization source by means of the self-aspiration process intrinsic of these interfaces. Thus, any ionization technology that provides a reliable and constant suction, such as electrospray ionization (ESI), atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI), or inductively coupled plasma ionization (ICP), can be hyphenated to MOI. Using this setup, the desorption chamber is used to release target compounds from the coating, while the isolation of the flow enables the ionization source to be continuously fed with solvent, all without the necessity of employment of additional valves. As a proof of concept, the design was applied to an ESI-MS/MS system for experimental validation. Furthermore, numerical simulations were undertaken to provide a detailed understanding of the fluid flow pattern inside the interface, then used to optimize the system for better efficiency. The analytical workflow of the developed Bio-SPME-MOI-MS setup consists of the direct immersion of SPME fibers into the matrix to extract/enrich analytes of interest within a short period of time, followed by a rinsing step with water to remove potentially adhering proteins, salts, and/or other interfering compounds. Next, the fiber is inserted into the MOI for desorption of compounds of interest. Finally, the volume contained in the chamber is drained and moved toward the electrospray needle for ionization and direct introduction to MS. Aiming to validate the technology, the fast determination of selected immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., tacrolimus, cyclosporine, sirolimus, and everolimus) from 100 μL of whole blood was assessed. Limits of quantitation in the subppb range were obtained for all studied compounds. Good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.99) and excellent precision, with (8%) and without (14%) internal standard correction, were attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Tascon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Md Nazmul Alam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Coated blade spray: shifting the paradigm of direct sample introduction to MS. Bioanalysis 2018; 10:257-271. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2017-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coated blade spray (CBS) is a solid-phase microextraction-based technology that can be directly coupled to MS to enable the rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of complex matrices. The goal of this mini review is to concisely introduce CBS's operational fundamentals and to consider how it correlates/contrasts with existing direct-to-MS technologies suitable for bioanalytical applications. In addition, we provide a fair comparison of CBS to other existing solid-phase microextraction-to-MS approaches, as well as an overview of recent CBS applications/strategies that have been developed to analyze diverse compounds present in biofluids.
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