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Chen T, Zhou X, Zhu M, Chen X, Chang D, Lin Y, Xu W, Zheng Y, Li S, Song J, Huang M. Phytochemical determination and mechanistic investigation of Polygala tenuifolia root (Yuanzhi) extract for bronchitis: UPLC-MS/MS analysis, network pharmacology and in vitro/in vivo evaluation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118418. [PMID: 38838926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bronchitis is a respiratory disease characterized by a productive cough. Polygala tenuifolia Willd., commonly known as Yuan zhi, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for relieving cough and removing phlegm. Despite its historical use, studies are lacking on the effectiveness of P. tenuifolia in treating bronchitis. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of its bioactive compounds remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to identify the main bioactive compounds responsible for the effects of P. tenuifolia liquid extract (PLE) in treating bronchitis and to elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main chemical compounds in PLE were identified and determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The antitussive, expectorant and anti-inflammatory activities of PLE were evaluated in an ammonia-induced mouse cough model, a tracheal phenol red excretion mouse model, and a xylene-induced ear swelling mouse model, respectively. A network pharmacology analysis was conducted to investigate the associated gene targets, gene ontology, and KEGG pathways related to the main bioactives in PLE targeting bronchitis. PLE and its five bioactive compounds were assessed for their potential anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Western blot analysis was conducted to elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Thirty-seven compounds in PLE were identified, and twelve main compounds were further quantified in PLE using UPLC-MS/MS. PLE oral gavage administrations (0.6 and 0.12 mg/kg) for 7 days markedly reduced cough frequency, prolonged latency period of cough, reduced phlegm and inflammation in mice. The network pharmacology analysis identified 57 gene targets of PLE against bronchitis. The PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways were the top two modulated pathways. In RAW264.7 cells, PLE (12.5-50 μg/mL) significantly reduced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. PLE downregulated LPS-elevated protein targets in both PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. In PLE, tenuifolin, polygalaxanthone ⅠⅠⅠ, polygalasaponin ⅩⅩⅤⅢ, tenuifoliside B, and 3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose, were identified as the top five core components responsible for treating bronchitis. These compounds were also found to modulate the protein targets in the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the potential therapeutic effects of PLE on bronchitis by reducing cough, phlegm and inflammation. The anti-inflammatory action and molecular mechanisms of the 5 main bioactive compounds in PLE were partly validated through the in vitro assays. The findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the traditional use of PLE for bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Mingxing Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xueting Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Yifan Lin
- Fujian Institute for Food and Drug Quality Control, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yanfang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Shaohua Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Jianyuan Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian province, 350001, China.
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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Shen R, Cheng K, Li G, Pan Z, Qiaolongbatu X, Wang Y, Ma C, Huang X, Wang L, Li W, Wang Y, Jing L, Fan G, Wu Z. Alisol A, the Eye-Entering Ingredient of Alisma orientale, Relieves Macular Edema Through TNF-α as Revealed by UPLC-Triple-TOF/MS, Network Pharmacology, and Zebrafish Verification. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3361-3382. [PMID: 39100223 PMCID: PMC11297588 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s468119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Alisma orientale (AO, Alisma orientale (Sam). Juzep) has been widely employed for the treatment of macular edema (ME) in traditional Chinese medicine due to its renowned water-relief properties. Nonetheless, the comprehensive investigation of AO in alleviating ME remained unexplored. This study aims to identify the active components of AO that target the eye and investigate its pharmacological effects and mechanisms on ME. Methods The study commenced with UPLC-Triple-TOF/MS analysis to identify the primary constituents of AO. Zebrafish eye tissues were then analyzed after a five-day administration of AO to detect absorbed components and metabolites. Subsequently, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations were employed to predict the mechanisms of ME treatment via biological target pathways. In vivo experiments were conducted to corroborate the pharmacological actions and mechanisms. Results A total of 7 compounds, consisting of 2 prototype ingredients and 5 metabolites (including isomers), were found to traverse the blood-eye barrier and localized within eye tissues. Network pharmacology results showed that AO played a role in the treatment of ME mainly by regulating the pathway network of PI3K-AKT and MAPK with TNF-α centered. Computational analyses suggested that 11-dehydro-16-oxo-24-deoxy-alisol A, a metabolite of alisol A, mitigates edema through TNF-α inhibition. Furthermore, zebrafish fundus confocal experiments and HE staining of eyes confirmed the attenuating effects of alisol A on fundus angiogenesis and ocular edema, representing the first report of AO's ME-inhibitory effects. Conclusion In this study, computational analyses with experimental validation were used to understand the biological activity and mechanism of alisol A in the treatment of ME. The findings shed light on the bioactive constituents and pharmacological actions of AO, offering valuable insights and a theoretical foundation for its clinical application in managing ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kebin Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanyi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhendong Pan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xijier Qiaolongbatu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xucong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Jing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guorong Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenghua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People’s Republic of China
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Lu Q, Yang D, Li H, Niu T, Tong A. Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:25. [PMID: 38961036 PMCID: PMC11222366 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00188-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy of plasma cells, characterized by osteolytic bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, renal failure, and the accumulation of malignant plasma cells. The pathogenesis of MM involves the interaction between MM cells and the bone marrow microenvironment through soluble cytokines and cell adhesion molecules, which activate various signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS/MAPK, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, and NF-κB pathways. Aberrant activation of these pathways contributes to the proliferation, survival, migration, and drug resistance of myeloma cells, making them attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Currently, approved drugs targeting these signaling pathways in MM are limited, with many inhibitors and inducers still in preclinical or clinical research stages. Therapeutic options for MM include non-targeted drugs like alkylating agents, corticosteroids, immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and histone deacetylase inhibitors. Additionally, targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, bispecific T-cell engagers, and bispecific antibodies are being used in MM treatment. Despite significant advancements in MM treatment, the disease remains incurable, emphasizing the need for the development of novel or combined targeted therapies based on emerging theoretical knowledge, technologies, and platforms. In this review, we highlight the key role of signaling pathways in the malignant progression and treatment of MM, exploring advances in targeted therapy and potential treatments to offer further insights for improving MM management and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhong Lu
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Unit of Gene and Immunotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Donghui Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hexian Li
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Unit of Gene and Immunotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Niu
- Department of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Aiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Unit of Gene and Immunotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, China.
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Mazibuko M, Ghazi T, Chuturgoon A. Patulin alters alpha-adrenergic receptor signalling and induces epigenetic modifications in the kidneys of C57BL/6 mice. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2143-2152. [PMID: 38806716 PMCID: PMC11168996 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) is a food-borne mycotoxin produced by Penicillium and Byssochlamys species. It is widely known for its mutagenic, carcinogenic, and genotoxic effects and has been associated with kidney injury; however, the mechanism of toxicity remains unclear. To address this gap, we conducted a study to explore the changes in α-adrenergic receptor signalling pathways and epigenetic modifications induced by PAT in the kidneys of C57BL/6 mice during acute (1 day) and prolonged (10 days) exposure. The mice (20-22 g) were orally administered PAT (2.5 mg/kg; at 1 and 10 days), and post-treatment, the kidneys were harvested, homogenised and extracted for RNA, DNA, and protein. The relative gene expression of the α-adrenergic receptors (ADRA1, ADRA2A, ADRA2B) and associated signalling pathways (MAPK, MAPK14, ERK, PI3K, and AKT) was assessed by qPCR. The protein expression of ERK1/2 and MAPK was determined by western blot. The impact of PAT on DNA methylation was evaluated by quantifying global DNA methylation; qPCR was used to determine gene expression levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B) and demethylase (MBD2). PAT downregulated the expression of ADRA1, ADRA2A, ADRA2B, PI3K, and AKT and upregulated ERK1/2 and MAPK protein expression. Furthermore, PAT induced alterations in DNA methylation patterns by upregulating DNMT1 and MBD2 expressions and downregulating DNMT3A and DNMT3B expressions, resulting in global DNA hypomethylation. In conclusion, PAT disrupts α-1 and α-2 adrenergic receptor signalling pathways and induces epigenetic modifications, that can lead to kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makabongwe Mazibuko
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Terisha Ghazi
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
| | - Anil Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
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Rukhlenko OS, Imoto H, Tambde A, McGillycuddy A, Junk P, Tuliakova A, Kolch W, Kholodenko BN. Cell State Transition Models Stratify Breast Cancer Cell Phenotypes and Reveal New Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2354. [PMID: 39001416 PMCID: PMC11240448 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding signaling patterns of transformation and controlling cell phenotypes is a challenge of current biology. Here we applied a cell State Transition Assessment and Regulation (cSTAR) approach to a perturbation dataset of single cell phosphoproteomic patterns of multiple breast cancer (BC) and normal breast tissue-derived cell lines. Following a separation of luminal, basal, and normal cell states, we identified signaling nodes within core control networks, delineated causal connections, and determined the primary drivers underlying oncogenic transformation and transitions across distinct BC subtypes. Whereas cell lines within the same BC subtype have different mutational and expression profiles, the architecture of the core network was similar for all luminal BC cells, and mTOR was a main oncogenic driver. In contrast, core networks of basal BC were heterogeneous and segregated into roughly four major subclasses with distinct oncogenic and BC subtype drivers. Likewise, normal breast tissue cells were separated into two different subclasses. Based on the data and quantified network topologies, we derived mechanistic cSTAR models that serve as digital cell twins and allow the deliberate control of cell movements within a Waddington landscape across different cell states. These cSTAR models suggested strategies of normalizing phosphorylation networks of BC cell lines using small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii S Rukhlenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hiroaki Imoto
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ayush Tambde
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Stratford College, D06 T9V3 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amy McGillycuddy
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biological, Health and Sports Sciences, Technological University, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philipp Junk
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna Tuliakova
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Boris N Kholodenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Rauen KA, Tidyman WE. RASopathies - what they reveal about RAS/MAPK signaling in skeletal muscle development. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050609. [PMID: 38847227 PMCID: PMC11179721 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
RASopathies are rare developmental genetic syndromes caused by germline pathogenic variants in genes that encode components of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway. Although the incidence of each RASopathy syndrome is rare, collectively, they represent one of the largest groups of multiple congenital anomaly syndromes and have severe developmental consequences. Here, we review our understanding of how RAS/MAPK dysregulation in RASopathies impacts skeletal muscle development and the importance of RAS/MAPK pathway regulation for embryonic myogenesis. We also discuss the complex interactions of this pathway with other intracellular signaling pathways in the regulation of skeletal muscle development and growth, and the opportunities that RASopathy animal models provide for exploring the use of pathway inhibitors, typically used for cancer treatment, to correct the unique skeletal myopathy caused by the dysregulation of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Rauen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genomic Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
- University of California Davis MIND Institute, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - William E Tidyman
- University of California Davis MIND Institute, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Reza Seyedi Moqadam SM, Lamuki MS, Sadeghimahalli F, Ghanbari M. The effect of Artemisia annua L. aqueous and methanolic extracts on insulin signaling in liver of HFD/STZ diabetic mice. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 21:215-221. [PMID: 38485514 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2024-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many studies have shown the anti-diabetic effects of medicinal plants. But their molecular mechanism has been less studied. Understanding of these mechanisms can help to better manage the treatment of diabetes by using these plants. So, this research examined the effect of Artemisia annua extract on PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)/AKt (serine/threonine kinase protein B) signaling pathway in liver of high-fat diet (HFD)/Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice. METHODS Groups of mice were control, untreated diabetic mice, diabetic mice treated with various doses (400, 200, 100 mg/kg) of methanolic and aqueous extract of A. annua and metformin for four weeks. Type 2 diabetes was produced by feeding high-fat diet following injection of low dose of STZ. After experiment duration all mice were sacrificed and blood glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), index of insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were detected and liver tissues were isolated for to detect m-RNA expression of PI3K and Akt. RESULTS Extracts of aqueous and methanolic this plant markedly reduced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, HOMA-IR and elevated ISI in diabetic group in comparison with un-treated diabetic mice. In addition, they could enhance the expression of AKt and PI3K m-RNA in liver tissues in diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS Artemisia annua extract ameliorated insulin resistance and improved insulin action in liver via the high activity of PI3K/AKt signaling pathway. So, it can be a suitable alternative treatment to synthetic antidiabetic drugs to improve insulin action in condition of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohammad Reza Seyedi Moqadam
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 92948 Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh Lamuki
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 92948 Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, 92948 Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
| | - Forouzan Sadeghimahalli
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, 92948 Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, 92948 Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
| | - Mahshid Ghanbari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 92948 Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari, Iran
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Rodríguez-González J, Wilkins-Rodríguez AA, Gutiérrez-Kobeh L. Human Dendritic Cell Maturation Is Modulated by Leishmania mexicana through Akt Signaling Pathway. Trop Med Infect Dis 2024; 9:118. [PMID: 38787051 PMCID: PMC11126033 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed9050118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) along with macrophages are the main host cells of the intracellular parasite Leishmania. DC traverse a process of maturation, passing through an immature state with phagocytic ability to a mature one where they can modulate the immune response through the secretion of cytokines. Several studies have demonstrated that Leishmania inhibits DC maturation. Nevertheless, when cells are subjected to a second stimulus such as LPS/IFN-γ, they manage to mature. In the maturation process of DC, several signaling pathways have been implicated, importantly MAPK. On the other hand, Akt is a signaling pathway deeply involved in cell survival. Some Leishmania species have shown to activate MAPK and Akt in different cells. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of ERK and Akt in the maturation of monocyte-derived DC (moDC) infected with L. mexicana. moDC were infected with L. mexicana metacyclic promastigotes, and the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt, the expression of MHCII and CD86 and IL-12 transcript, and secretion were determined in the presence or absence of an Akt inhibitor. We showed that L. mexicana induces a sustained Akt and ERK phosphorylation, while the Akt inhibitor inhibits it. Moreover, the infection of moDC downregulates CD86 expression but not MHCII, and the Akt inhibitor reestablishes CD86 expression and 12p40 production. Thus, L. mexicana can modulate DC maturation though Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rodríguez-González
- Laboratorio de Estudios Epidemiológicos, Clínicos, Diseños Experimentales e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez, Oaxaca C.P. 68120, Mexico;
| | - Arturo A. Wilkins-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico;
| | - Laila Gutiérrez-Kobeh
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico;
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Wei Q, Zhang YH. Flavonoids with Anti-Angiogenesis Function in Cancer. Molecules 2024; 29:1570. [PMID: 38611849 PMCID: PMC11013936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels, known as angiogenesis, significantly impacts the development of multiple types of cancer. Consequently, researchers have focused on targeting this process to prevent and treat numerous disorders. However, most existing anti-angiogenic treatments rely on synthetic compounds and humanized monoclonal antibodies, often expensive or toxic, restricting patient access to these therapies. Hence, the pursuit of discovering new, affordable, less toxic, and efficient anti-angiogenic compounds is imperative. Numerous studies propose that natural plant-derived products exhibit these sought-after characteristics. The objective of this review is to delve into the anti-angiogenic properties exhibited by naturally derived flavonoids from plants, along with their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. Additionally, we summarize the structure, classification, and the relationship between flavonoids with their signaling pathways in plants as anti-angiogenic agents, including main HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, JNK1/STAT3, and MAPK/AP-1 pathways. Nonetheless, further research and innovative approaches are required to enhance their bioavailability for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- School of Medicine, Anhui Xinhua University, 555 Wangjiang West Road, Hefei 230088, China;
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Li JB, Li D, Liu YY, Cao A, Wang H. Cytotoxicity of vanadium dioxide nanoparticles to human embryonic kidney cell line: Compared with vanadium(IV/V) ions. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104378. [PMID: 38295964 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a class of thermochromic material with potential applications in various fields. Massive production and wide application of VO2 raise the concern of its potential toxicity to human, which has not been fully understood. Herein, a commercial VO2 nanomaterial (S-VO2) was studied for its potential toxicity to human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293, and two most common vanadium ions, V(IV) and V(V), were used for comparison to reveal the related mechanism. Our results indicate that S-VO2 induces dose-dependent cellular viability loss mainly through the dissolved V ions of S-VO2 outside the cell rather than S-VO2 particles inside the cell. The dissolved V ions of S-VO2 overproduce reactive oxygen species to trigger apoptosis and proliferation inhibition via several signaling pathways of cell physiology, such as MAPK and PI3K-Akt, among others. All bioassays indicate that the differences in toxicity between S-VO2, V(IV), and V(V) in HEK293 cells are very small, supporting that the toxicity is mainly due to the dissolved V ions, in the form of V(V) and/or V(IV), but the V(V)'s behavior is more similar to S-VO2 according to the gene expression analysis. This study reveals the toxicity mechanism of nanosized VO2 at the molecular level and the role of dissolution of VO2, providing valuable information for safe applications of vanadium oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bei Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Aoneng Cao
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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11
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Hu J, Fu S, Zhan Z, Zhang J. Advancements in dual-target inhibitors of PI3K for tumor therapy: Clinical progress, development strategies, prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116109. [PMID: 38183777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) modify lipids by the phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids at the 3'-OH position, thereby participating in signal transduction and exerting effects on various physiological processes such as cell growth, metabolism, and organism development. PI3K activation also drives cancer cell growth, survival, and metabolism, with genetic dysregulation of this pathway observed in diverse human cancers. Therefore, this target is considered a promising potential therapeutic target for various types of cancer. Currently, several selective PI3K inhibitors and one dual-target PI3K inhibitor have been approved and launched on the market. However, the majority of these inhibitors have faced revocation or voluntary withdrawal of indications due to concerns regarding their adverse effects. This article provides a comprehensive review of the structure and biological functions, and clinical status of PI3K inhibitors, with a specific emphasis on the development strategies and structure-activity relationships of dual-target PI3K inhibitors. The findings offer valuable insights and future directions for the development of highly promising dual-target drugs targeting PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Hu
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyu Fu
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zixuan Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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12
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Luo L, Wang X, Liao YP, Xu X, Chang CH, Nel AE. Reprogramming the pancreatic cancer stroma and immune landscape by a silicasome nanocarrier delivering nintedanib, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor. NANO TODAY 2024; 54:102058. [PMID: 38681872 PMCID: PMC11044875 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2023.102058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The prevailing desmoplastic stroma and immunosuppressive microenvironment within pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) pose substantial challenges to therapeutic intervention. Despite the potential of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors in mitigating the desmoplastic stromal response and enhancing the immune milieu, their efficacy is curtailed by suboptimal pharmacokinetics (PK) and insufficient tumor penetration. To surmount these hurdles, we have pioneered a novel strategy, employing lipid bilayer-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (termed "silicasomes") as a carrier for the delivery of Nintedanib. Nintedanib, a triple PTK inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptors, was encapsulated in the pores of silicasomes via a remote loading mechanism for weak bases. This innovative approach not only enhanced pharmacokinetics and intratumor drug concentrations but also orchestrated a transformative shift in the desmoplastic and immune landscape in a robust orthotopic KRAS-mediated pancreatic carcinoma (KPC) model. Our results demonstrate attenuation of vascular density and collagen content through encapsulated Nintedanib treatment, concomitant with significant augmentation of the CD8+/FoxP3+ T-cell ratio. This remodeling was notably correlated with tumor regression in the KPC model. Strikingly, the synergy between encapsulated Nintedanib and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy further potentiated the antitumor effect. Both free and encapsulated Nintedanib induced a transcriptional upregulation of PD-L1 via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. In summary, our pioneering approach involving the silicasome carrier not only improved antitumor angiogenesis but also profoundly reshaped the desmoplastic stromal and immune landscape within PDAC. These insights hold excellent promise for the development of innovative combinatorial strategies in PDAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Luo
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiang Wang
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yu-Pei Liao
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiao Xu
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andre E. Nel
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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13
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Yu Q, Xu C, Song J, Jin Y, Gao X. Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese medicine/natural medicine in HR-positive Breast Cancer: A comprehensive Literature Review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117322. [PMID: 37866466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE With the emergence of endocrine resistance, the survival and good prognosis of HR-positive breast cancer (HR + BC) patients are threatened. As a common complementary and alternative therapy in cancer treatment, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used, and its internal mechanisms have been increasingly explored. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, the development status and achievements in understanding of the mechanisms related to the anti-invasion and anti-metastasis effects of TCM against HR + BC and the reversal of endocrine drug resistance by TCM in recent years have been summarized to provide ideas for antitumour research on the active components of TCM/natural medicine. METHODS We searched the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI) (from inception to July 2023) with the key words "HR-positive breast cancer" or "HR-positive breast carcinoma", "HR + BC" and "traditional Chinese medicine", "TCM", or "natural plant", "herb", etc., with the aim of elucidating the intrinsic mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine and natural medicine in the treatment of HR + BC. RESULTS TCM/natural medicine monomers and formulas can regulate the expression of related genes and proteins through the PI3K/AKT, JAK2/STAT3, MAPK, Wnt and other signalling pathways, inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of HR + BC tumours, play a synergistic role in combination with endocrine drugs, and reverse endocrine drug resistance. CONCLUSION The wide variety of TCM/natural medicine components makes the research and development of new methods of TCM for BC treatments more selective and innovative. Although progress has been made on research on TCM/natural medicine, there are still many problems in clinical and basic experimental designs, and more in-depth scientific explorations and research are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghong Yu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Chuchu Xu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Jiaqing Song
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Ying Jin
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Xiufei Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
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14
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Novoplansky O, Shnerb AB, Marripati D, Jagadeeshan S, Abu Shareb R, Conde-López C, Zorea J, Prasad M, Ben Lulu T, Yegodayev KM, Benafsha C, Li Y, Kong D, Kuo F, Morris LGT, Kurth I, Hess J, Elkabets M. Activation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway limits the efficacy of trametinib treatment in head and neck cancer. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2618-2636. [PMID: 37501404 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Blocking the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway with the MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib has produced promising results in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the current study, we showed that trametinib treatment leads to overexpression and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in HNSCC cell lines and patient-derived xenografts. Knockdown of EGFR improved trametinib treatment efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that trametinib-induced EGFR overexpression hyperactivates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway. In vitro, blocking the PI3K pathway with GDC-0941 (pictilisib), or BYL719 (alpelisib), prevented AKT pathway hyperactivation and enhanced the efficacy of trametinib in a synergistic manner. In vivo, a combination of trametinib and BYL719 showed superior antitumor efficacy vs. the single agents, leading to tumor growth arrest. We confirmed our findings in a syngeneic murine head and neck cancer cell line in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings show that trametinib treatment induces hyperactivation of EGFR/PI3K/AKT; thus, blocking of the EGFR/PI3K pathway is required to improve trametinib efficacy in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofra Novoplansky
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Avital B Shnerb
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Divyasree Marripati
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sankar Jagadeeshan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Raghda Abu Shareb
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Cristina Conde-López
- Division of Radiooncology-Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Zorea
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Manu Prasad
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Talal Ben Lulu
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ksenia M Yegodayev
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Chen Benafsha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yushi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dexin Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengshen Kuo
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Luc G T Morris
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ina Kurth
- Division of Radiooncology-Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Hess
- Section Experimental and Translational Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
- Research Group Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Tumors, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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15
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Glover HJ, Holliday H, Shparberg RA, Winkler D, Day M, Morris MB. Signalling pathway crosstalk stimulated by L-proline drives mouse embryonic stem cells to primitive-ectoderm-like cells. Development 2023; 150:dev201704. [PMID: 37823343 PMCID: PMC10652046 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The amino acid L-proline exhibits growth factor-like properties during development - from improving blastocyst development to driving neurogenesis in vitro. Addition of 400 μM L-proline to self-renewal medium drives naïve mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to early primitive ectoderm-like (EPL) cells - a transcriptionally distinct primed or partially primed pluripotent state. EPL cells retain expression of pluripotency genes, upregulate primitive ectoderm markers, undergo a morphological change and have increased cell number. These changes are facilitated by a complex signalling network hinging on the Mapk, Fgfr, Pi3k and mTor pathways. Here, we use a factorial experimental design coupled with statistical modelling to understand which signalling pathways are involved in the transition between ESCs and EPL cells, and how they underpin changes in morphology, cell number, apoptosis, proliferation and gene expression. This approach reveals pathways which work antagonistically or synergistically. Most properties were affected by more than one inhibitor, and each inhibitor blocked specific aspects of the naïve-to-primed transition. These mechanisms underpin progression of stem cells across the in vitro pluripotency continuum and serve as a model for pre-, peri- and post-implantation embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Glover
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Holly Holliday
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | | | - David Winkler
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Latrobe Institute for Molecular Science, Latrobe University, Bundoora 3083, Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
- Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Margot Day
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Michael B. Morris
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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16
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Tomasin R, Rodrigues AM, Manucci AC, Bruni-Cardoso A. A molecular landscape of quiescence and proliferation highlights the role of Pten in mammary gland acinogenesis. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261178. [PMID: 37712332 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell context is key for cell state. Using physiologically relevant models of laminin-rich extracellular matrix (lrECM) induction of mammary epithelial cell quiescence and differentiation, we provide a landscape of the key molecules for the proliferation-quiescence decision, identifying multiple layers of regulation at the mRNA and protein levels. Quiescence occurred despite activity of Fak (also known as PTK2), Src and phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), suggesting the existence of a disconnecting node between upstream and downstream proliferative signalling. Pten, a lipid and protein phosphatase, fulfils this role, because its inhibition increased proliferation and restored signalling via the Akt, mTORC1, mTORC2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Pten and laminin levels were positively correlated in developing murine mammary epithelia, and Pten localized apicolaterally in luminal cells in ducts and near the nascent lumen in terminal end buds. Consistently, in three-dimensional acinogenesis models, Pten was required for triggering and sustaining quiescence, polarity and architecture. The multilayered regulatory circuitry that we uncovered provides an explanation for the robustness of quiescence within a growth-suppressive microenvironment, which could nonetheless be disrupted by perturbations in master regulators such as Pten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeka Tomasin
- E-signal lab, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Rodrigues
- E-signal lab, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Manucci
- E-signal lab, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- E-signal lab, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
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17
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Jiang RY, Fang ZR, Zhang HP, Xu JY, Zhu JY, Chen KY, Wang W, Jiang X, Wang XJ. Ginsenosides: changing the basic hallmarks of cancer cells to achieve the purpose of treating breast cancer. Chin Med 2023; 18:125. [PMID: 37749560 PMCID: PMC10518937 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2021, breast cancer accounted for a substantial proportion of cancer cases and represented the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. Although tumor cells originate from normal cells in the human body, they possess distinct biological characteristics resulting from changes in gene structure and function of cancer cells in contrast with normal cells. These distinguishing features, known as hallmarks of cancer cells, differ from those of normal cells. The hallmarks primarily include high metabolic activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and resistance to cell death. Current evidence suggests that the fundamental hallmarks of tumor cells affect the tissue structure, function, and metabolism of tumor cells and their internal and external environment. Therefore, these fundamental hallmarks of tumor cells enable tumor cells to proliferate, invade and avoid apoptosis. Modifying these hallmarks of tumor cells represents a new and potentially promising approach to tumor treatment. The key to breast cancer treatment lies in identifying the optimal therapeutic agent with minimal toxicity to normal cells, considering the specific types of tumor cells in patients. Some herbal medicines contain active ingredients which can precisely achieve this purpose. In this review, we introduce Ginsenoside's mechanism and research significance in achieving the therapeutic effect of breast cancer by changing the functional hallmarks of tumor cells, providing a new perspective for the potential application of Ginsenoside as a therapeutic drug for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Yuan Jiang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Ru Fang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan-Ping Zhang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Yao Xu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke-Yu Chen
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, NO. 13, Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiao-Jia Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Rashid R, Tripathi R, Singh A, Sarkar S, Kawale A, Bader GN, Gupta S, Gupta RK, Jha RK. Naringenin improves ovarian health by reducing the serum androgen and eliminating follicular cysts in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in the Sprague Dawley rats. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4018-4041. [PMID: 37165686 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is most common in women of reproductive age, giving rise to androgen excess and anovulation, leading to infertility and non-reproductive complications. We explored the ameliorating effect of naringenin in PCOS using the Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model and human granulosa cells. Letrozole-induced PCOS rats were given either naringenin (50 mg/kg/day) alone or in combination with metformin (300 mg/kg/day), followed by the estrous cycle, hormonal analysis, and glucose sensitivity test. To evaluate the effect of naringenin on granulosa cell (hGC) steroidogenesis, we treated cells with naringenin (2.5 μM) alone or in combination with metformin (1 mM) in the presence of forskolin (10 μM). To determine the steroidogenesis of CYP-17A1, -19A1, and 3βHSD2, the protein expression levels were examined. Treatment with naringenin in the PCOS animal groups increased ovulation potential and decreased cystic follicles and levels of androgens. The expression levels of CYP-17A1, -19A1, and 3βHSD2, were seen restored in the ovary of PCOS SD rats' model and in the human ovarian cells in response to the naringenin. We found an increased expression level of phosphorylated-AKT in the ovary and hGCs by naringenin. Naringenin improves ovulation and suppress androgens and cystic follicles, involving AKT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumaisa Rashid
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rupal Tripathi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sudarsan Sarkar
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ajaykumar Kawale
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - G N Bader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Satish Gupta
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Jha
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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19
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Smolen KA, Papke CM, Swingle MR, Musiyenko A, Li C, Salter EA, Camp AD, Honkanen RE, Kettenbach AN. Quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics of PP2A-PPP2R5D variants reveal deregulation of RPS6 phosphorylation via converging signaling cascades. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105154. [PMID: 37572851 PMCID: PMC10485637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic germline variants of PPP2R5D (encoding: phosphoprotein phosphatase 2 regulatory protein 5D) result in PPP2R5D-related disorder (Jordan's Syndrome), which is characterized by intellectual disability, hypotonia, seizures, macrocephaly, autism spectrum disorder, and delayed motor skill development. The disorder originates from de novo single nucleotide mutations, generating missense variants that act in a dominant manner. Pathogenic mutations altering 13 different amino acids have been identified, with the E198K variant accounting for ∼40% of reported cases. However, the generation of a heterozygous E198K variant cell line to study the molecular effects of the pathogenic mutation has been challenging. Here, we use CRISPR-PRIME genomic editing to introduce a transition (c.592G>A) in a single PPP2R5D allele in HEK293 cells, generating E198K-heterozygous lines to complement existing E420K variant lines. We generate global protein and phosphorylation profiles of WT, E198K, and E420K cell lines and find unique and shared changes between variants and WT cells in kinase- and phosphatase-controlled signaling cascades. We observed ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) hyperphosphorylation as a shared signaling alteration, indicative of increased ribosomal protein S6-kinase activity. Treatment with rapamycin or an RPS6-kinase inhibitor (LY2584702) suppressed RPS6 phosphorylation in both, suggesting upstream activation of mTORC1/p70S6K. Intriguingly, our data suggests ERK-dependent activation of mTORC1 in both E198K and E420K variant cells, with additional AKT-mediated mTORC1 activation in the E420K variant. Thus, although upstream activation of mTORC1 differs between PPP2R5D-related disorder genotypes, inhibition of mTORC1 or RPS6 kinases warrants further investigation as potential therapeutic strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kali A Smolen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Cinta M Papke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Mark R Swingle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Alla Musiyenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Chenchen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - E Alan Salter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Ashley D Camp
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Richard E Honkanen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.
| | - Arminja N Kettenbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
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20
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Aguilar-Valdés A, González-Vela F, Sánchez-Vidal H, Martínez-Aguilar J. A proteomic signature and potential pharmacological opportunities in the adaptive resistance to MEK and PI3K kinase inhibition in pancreatic cancer cells. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2300041. [PMID: 37140101 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancer types and is becoming a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The limited benefit offered by chemotherapy agents has propelled the search for alternative approaches that target specific molecular drivers of cancer growth and progression. Mutant KRas and effector pathways Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt are key players in pancreatic cancer; however, preclinical studies have shown adaptive tumour response to combined MEK and PI3K kinase inhibition leading to treatment resistance. There is a critical unmet need to decipher the molecular basis underlying adaptation to this targeted approach. Here, we aimed to identify common protein expression alterations associated with adaptive resistance in KRas-mutant pancreatic cancer cells, and test if it can be overcome by selected already available small molecule drugs. We found a group of 14 proteins with common expression change in resistant cells, including KRas, caveolin-1, filamin-a, eplin, IGF2R and cytokeratins CK-8, -18 and -19. Notably, several proteins have previously been observed in pancreatic cancer cells with intrinsic resistance to the combined kinase inhibition treatment, suggesting a proteomic signature. We also found that resistant cells are sensitive to small molecule drugs ERK inhibitor GDC-0994, S6K1 inhibitor DG2 and statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Aguilar-Valdés
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco González-Vela
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hilda Sánchez-Vidal
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Martínez-Aguilar
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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21
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Narayanan J, Tamilanban T, Kumar PS, Guru A, Muthupandian S, Kathiravan MK, Arockiaraj J. Role and mechanistic actions of protein kinase inhibitors as an effective drug target for cancer and COVID. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:238. [PMID: 37193831 PMCID: PMC10188327 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Kinases can be grouped into 20 families which play a vital role as a regulator of neoplasia, metastasis, and cytokine suppression. Human genome sequencing has discovered more than 500 kinases. Mutations of the kinase itself or the pathway regulated by kinases leads to the progression of diseases such as Alzheimer's, viral infections, and cancers. Cancer chemotherapy has made significant leaps in recent years. The utilization of chemotherapeutic agents for treating cancers has become difficult due to their unpredictable nature and their toxicity toward the host cells. Therefore, targeted therapy as a therapeutic option against cancer-specific cells and toward the signaling pathways is a valuable avenue of research. SARS-CoV-2 is a member of the Betacoronavirus genus that is responsible for causing the COVID pandemic. Kinase family provides a valuable source of biological targets against cancers and for recent COVID infections. Kinases such as tyrosine kinases, Rho kinase, Bruton tyrosine kinase, ABL kinases, and NAK kinases play an important role in the modulation of signaling pathways involved in both cancers and viral infections such as COVID. These kinase inhibitors consist of multiple protein targets such as the viral replication machinery and specific molecules targeting signaling pathways for cancer. Thus, kinase inhibitors can be used for their anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic activity along with cytokine suppression in cases of COVID. The main goal of this review is to focus on the pharmacology of kinase inhibitors for cancer and COVID, as well as ideas for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Narayanan
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - T Tamilanban
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Pollachi Main Road, Eachanari Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.
| | - Saravanan Muthupandian
- AMR and Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.
| | - M K Kathiravan
- 209, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Research Lab, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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22
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Park J, An G, Park H, Hong T, Lim W, Song G. Developmental defects induced by thiabendazole are mediated via apoptosis, oxidative stress and alteration in PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 176:107973. [PMID: 37196567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thiabendazole, a benzimidazole fungicide, is widely used to prevent yield loss in agricultural land by inhibiting plant diseases derived from fungi. As thiabendazole has a stable benzimidazole ring structure, it remains in the environment for an extended period, and its toxic effects on non-target organisms have been reported, indicating the possibility that it could threaten public health. However, little research has been conducted to elucidate the comprehensive mechanisms of its developmental toxicity. Therefore, we used zebrafish, a representative toxicological model that can predict toxicity in aquatic organisms and mammals, to demonstrate the developmental toxicity of thiabendazole. Various morphological malformations were observed, including decreased body length, eye size, and increased heart and yolk sac edema. Apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inflammatory response were also triggered by thiabendazole exposure in zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways important for appropriate organogenesis were significantly changed by thiabendazole. These results led to toxicity in various organs and a reduction in the expression of related genes, including cardiovascular toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatic and pancreatic toxicity, which were detected in flk1:eGFP, olig2:dsRED, and L-fabp:dsRed;elastase:GFP transgenic zebrafish models, respectively. Overall, this study partly determined the developmental toxicity of thiabendazole in zebrafish and provided evidence of the environmental hazards of this fungicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Önal HT, Yetkin D, Ayaz F. Escitalopram's inflammatory effect on the mammalian macrophages and its intracellular mechanism of action. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110762. [PMID: 37031947 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The majority of patients with depression are treated with antidepressant drugs that are in the serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) group. Different studies have been conducted on the effect of treatment with antidepressants on the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. There have been studies on the effects of escitalopram, an SSRI group antidepressant, on the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels both in vivo and in vitro. The results of these studies do not overlap and therefore the escitalopram's effect on the immune system should be studied in more depth. In this study, we aimed to examine, in detail, the cytokine production amount by escitalopram treatment of the J774.2 macrophage cells and its intracellular mechanism of action by examining the PI3K and p38 pathways. As a result of our study, we observed that Escitalopram caused a significant increase in TNF-α, IL-6, and GM-CSF levels in mammalian macrophage cells, but did not induce IL-12p40 production. We observed that the p38 and PI3K pathways play a role in inflammation in the presence of Escitalopram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harika Topal Önal
- Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Toros University, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Derya Yetkin
- Mersin University Advanced Technology Education Research and Application Center, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Furkan Ayaz
- Science Institute, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biotechnology, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey; Mersin University Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
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Hu X, Liu W, He M, Qiu Q, Zhou B, Liu R, Wu F, Huang Z. Comparison of the molecular mechanisms of Fuzi Lizhong Pill and Huangqin decoction in the treatment of the cold and heat syndromes of ulcerative colitis based on network pharmacology. Comput Biol Med 2023; 159:106870. [PMID: 37084637 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to illuminate the similarities and differences of two prescriptions as "cold" and "heat" drugs for treating ulcerative colitis (UC) with the simultaneous occurrence of heat and cold syndrome via network pharmacology. METHODS (1) Active compounds of Fuzi-Lizhong Pill (FLP) and Huangqin Decoction (HQT) were retrieved from the TCMSP database, and their common active compounds were compared using the Venn diagram. (2) Potential proteins targeted to three sets of compounds either (i) shared by FLP and HQT, (ii) unique to FLP or (iii) unique to HQT were screened from the STP, STITCH and TCMSP databases, and three corresponding core compound sets were identified in Herb-Compound-Target (H-C-T) networks. (3) Targets related to UC were identified from the DisGeNET and GeneCards databases and compared with the FLP-HQT common targets to identify potential targets of FLP-HQT compounds related to UC. (4) Three potential target sets were imported into the STRING database for protein‒protein interaction (PPI) analysis, and three core target sets were defined. (5) The binding capabilities and interacting modes between core compounds and key targets were verified by molecular docking via Discovery Studio 2019 and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations via Amber 2018. (6) The target sets were enriched for KEGG pathways using the DAVID database. RESULTS (1) FLP and HQT included 95 and 113 active compounds, respectively, with 46 common compounds, 49 FLP-specific compounds and 67 HQT-specific compounds. (2) 174 targets of FLP-HQT common compounds, 168 targets of FLP-specific compounds, and 369 targets of HQT-specific compounds were predicted from the STP, STITCH and TCMSP databases; six core compounds specific to FLP and HQT were screened in the FLP-specific and HQT-specific H-C-T networks, respectively. (3) 103 targets overlapped from the 174 predicted targets and the 4749 UC-related targets; two core compounds for FLP-HQT were identified from the FLP-HQT H-C-T network. (4) 103 FLP-HQT-UC common targets, 168 of FLP-specific targets and 369 of HQT-specific targets had shared core targets (AKT1, MAPK3, TNF, JUN and CASP3) based on the PPI network analysis. (5) Molecular docking demonstrated that naringenin, formononetin, luteolin, glycitein, quercetin, kaempferol and baicalein of FLP and HQT play a critical role in treating UC; meanwhile, MD simulations revealed the stability of protein‒ligand interactions. (6) The enriched pathways indicated that most targets were related to anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and other pathways. Compared with the pathways identified using traditional methods, FLP-specific pathways included the PPAR signaling pathway and the bile secretion pathway, and HQT-specific pathways included the vascular smooth muscle contraction pathway and the natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathway etc. CONCLUSION: In this study, we clarified the common mechanisms of FLP and HQT in treating UC and their specific mechanisms in treating cold and heat syndrome in UC through compound, target and pathway distinction and a literature comparison based on network pharmacology; these results provide a new perspective on the detailed mechanism of "multidrugs and single-disease" thought in traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, China; Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, China; Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Meiqi He
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, China; Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Qimiao Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Bingjie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Ruining Liu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Fengxu Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, China; Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Dongguan, 523808, China; Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
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25
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Lu S, Xu J, Xu Y, Liu Y, Shi D, Wang J, Qiu F. Glycyrol attenuates colon injury via promotion of SQSTM1/p62 ubiquitination and autophagy by inhibiting the ubiquitin-specific protease USP8. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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26
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Regulation of germline proteostasis by HSF1 and insulin/IGF-1 signaling. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:501-512. [PMID: 36892215 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for cellular function and organismal health and requires the concerted actions of protein synthesis, folding, transport, and turnover. In sexually reproducing organisms, the immortal germline lineage passes genetic information across generations. Accumulating evidence indicates the importance of proteome integrity for germ cells as genome stability. As gametogenesis involves very active protein synthesis and is highly energy-demanding, it has unique requirements for proteostasis regulation and is sensitive to stress and nutrient availability. The heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a key transcriptional regulator of cellular response to cytosolic and nuclear protein misfolding has evolutionarily conserved roles in germline development. Similarly, insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling, a major nutrient-sensing pathway, impacts many aspects of gametogenesis. Here, we focus on HSF1 and IIS to review insights into their roles in germline proteostasis and discuss the implications on gamete quality control during stress and aging.
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Li X, Yin X, Bao H, Liu C. Circular RNA ITCH increases sorafenib-sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma via sequestering miR-20b-5p and modulating the downstream PTEN-PI3K/Akt pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 67:101877. [PMID: 36442661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Sorafenib-resistance leads to poor prognosis and high mortality in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this study aims to investigate the functional role of a circular RNA ITCH (circITCH) in regulating the sorafenib-resistance of HCC and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The expression of circITCH in HCC tissues and cell lines were detected by performing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Sorafenib-resistant HCC cells were transfected with PLCDH-circITCH to upregulate circITCH and intervened with sorafenib, and MTT assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay were used to test the cell viability, apoptosis and migration ability, respectively. The downstream target of circITCH were explored by using bioinformatic analysis, dual luciferase reporter system and Western blot. RESULTS CircITCH was significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines, compared with their normal counterparts. Especially, in contrast with the sorafenib-sensitive HCC cells, continuous sorafenib treatment decreased the expression levels of circITCH in the sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Overexpression of circITCH increased sorafenib-sensitivity, promoted cell apoptosis and reduced cell migration abilities in the sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Mechanically, circITCH elevated PTEN expression to inactivate the PI3K/Akt signals through negatively regulating miR-20b-5p in HCC, and upregulating miR-20b-5p or inhibiting PTEN abolished the enhancing effect of circITCH overexpression on sorafenib-induced cytotoxicity in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, this study proves that circITCH enhances sorafenib-sensitivity in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells via regulating the miR-20b-5p/PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling cascade, which highlights the potential value of circITCH as a target for enhancing the sorafenib-sensitivity in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Xuedong Yin
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Heyi Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Qiqihar First Hospital, Qiqihar, 161005, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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28
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Wang Y, Wang HM, Zhou Y, Hu LH, Wan JM, Yang JH, Niu HB, Hong XP, Hu P, Chen LB, Hu P, Chen LB. Dusp1 regulates thermal tolerance limits in zebrafish by maintaining mitochondrial integrity. Zool Res 2023; 44:126-141. [PMID: 36419379 PMCID: PMC9841188 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature tolerance restricts the distribution of a species. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that set the thermal tolerance limits of an organism are poorly understood. Here, we report on the function of dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) in thermal tolerance regulation. Notably, we found that dusp1 -/- zebrafish grew normally but survived within a narrowed temperature range. The higher susceptibility of these mutant fish to both cold and heat challenges was attributed to accelerated cell death caused by aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction and over-production of reactive oxygen species in the gills. The DUSP1-MAPK-DRP1 axis was identified as a key pathway regulating these processes in both fish and human cells. These observations suggest that DUSP1 may play a role in maintaining mitochondrial integrity and redox homeostasis. We therefore propose that maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis may be a key mechanism for coping with cellular thermal stress and that the interplay between signaling pathways regulating redox homeostasis in the most thermosensitive tissue (i.e., gills) may play an important role in setting the thermal tolerance limit of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hua-Min Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ling-Hong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jing-Ming Wan
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ji-Hui Yang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hong-Bo Niu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Hong
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Peng Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Liang-Biao Chen
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China,E-mail:
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Stulpinas A, Sereika M, Vitkeviciene A, Imbrasaite A, Krestnikova N, Kalvelyte AV. Crosstalk between protein kinases AKT and ERK1/2 in human lung tumor-derived cell models. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1045521. [PMID: 36686779 PMCID: PMC9848735 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1045521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that cell signaling manipulation is a key strategy for anticancer therapy. Furthermore, cell state determines drug response. Thus, establishing the relationship between cell state and therapeutic sensitivity is essential for the development of cancer therapies. In the era of personalized medicine, the use of patient-derived ex vivo cell models is a promising approach in the translation of key research findings into clinics. Here, we were focused on the non-oncogene dependencies of cell resistance to anticancer treatments. Signaling-related mechanisms of response to inhibitors of MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways (regulators of key cellular functions) were investigated using a panel of patients' lung tumor-derived cell lines with various stemness- and EMT-related markers, varying degrees of ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation, and response to anticancer treatment. The study of interactions between kinases was the goal of our research. Although MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT interactions are thought to be cell line-specific, where oncogenic mutations have a decisive role, we demonstrated negative feedback loops between MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in all cell lines studied, regardless of genotype and phenotype differences. Our work showed that various and distinct inhibitors of ERK signaling - selumetinib, trametinib, and SCH772984 - increased AKT phosphorylation, and conversely, inhibitors of AKT - capivasertib, idelalisib, and AKT inhibitor VIII - increased ERK phosphorylation in both control and cisplatin-treated cells. Interaction between kinases, however, was dependent on cellular state. The feedback between ERK and AKT was attenuated by the focal adhesion kinase inhibitor PF573228, and in cells grown in suspension, showing the possible role of extracellular contacts in the regulation of crosstalk between kinases. Moreover, studies have shown that the interplay between MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways may be dependent on the strength of the chemotherapeutic stimulus. The study highlights the importance of spatial location of the cells and the strength of the treatment during anticancer therapy.
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Jiang L, Li L, Liu Y, Lu L, Zhan M, Yuan S, Liu Y. Drug resistance mechanism of kinase inhibitors in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1097277. [PMID: 36891274 PMCID: PMC9987615 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1097277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer, and it usually occurs following chronic liver disease. Although some progress has been made in the treatment of HCC, the prognosis of patients with advanced HCC is not optimistic, mainly because of the inevitable development of drug resistance. Therefore, multi-target kinase inhibitors for the treatment of HCC, such as sorafenib, lenvatinib, cabozantinib, and regorafenib, produce small clinical benefits for patients with HCC. It is necessary to study the mechanism of kinase inhibitor resistance and explore possible solutions to overcome this resistance to improve clinical benefits. In this study, we reviewed the mechanisms of resistance to multi-target kinase inhibitors in HCC and discussed strategies that can be used to improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Luan Li
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongzhuang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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31
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Önal HT, Yetkin D, Ayaz F. Immunostimulatory activity of fluoxetine in macrophages via regulation of the PI3K and P38 signaling pathways. Immunol Res 2022; 71:413-421. [PMID: 36512200 PMCID: PMC9745289 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09350-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is an antidepressant drug that is heavily preferred in the cure of depression, which is from the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) group. There are many reports on the effect of fluoxetine on the immune system, and its effect on the macrophage cells has never been looked at before. We aimed to demonstrate the cytokine production potential of fluoxetine antidepressant, which is widely used in the clinic, in the J774.2 cell line and its effect on PI3K and P38 pathways. The use of fluoxetine alone in J774.2 macrophage cells showed immunostimulatory properties by inducing the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) IL-6, IL-12p40, and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) cytokines. It showed anti-inflammatory properties by completely stopping the production of cytokines (IL-6, IL12p40, TNF-α, and GM-CSF) at all concentrations where LPS and fluoxetine were used together. While PI3K and P38 pathways were not effective in the immunostimulatory effect in the presence of the drug agent, we found that the PI3K and P38 pathways were influenced during their anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harika Topal Önal
- Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Toros University, 33140 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Derya Yetkin
- Mersin University Advanced Technology Education Research and Application Center, Mersin University, 33110 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Furkan Ayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey 33110
- Mersin University Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Mersin University, 33110, Mersin, Turkey
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32
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Almowallad S, Alqahtani LS, Mobashir M. NF-kB in Signaling Patterns and Its Temporal Dynamics Encode/Decode Human Diseases. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122012. [PMID: 36556376 PMCID: PMC9788026 DOI: 10.3390/life12122012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Defects in signaling pathways are the root cause of many disorders. These malformations come in a wide variety of types, and their causes are also very diverse. Some of these flaws can be brought on by pathogenic organisms and viruses, many of which can obstruct signaling processes. Other illnesses are linked to malfunctions in the way that cell signaling pathways work. When thinking about how errors in signaling pathways might cause disease, the idea of signalosome remodeling is helpful. The signalosome may be conveniently divided into two types of defects: phenotypic remodeling and genotypic remodeling. The majority of significant illnesses that affect people, including high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and many types of mental illness, appear to be caused by minute phenotypic changes in signaling pathways. Such phenotypic remodeling modifies cell behavior and subverts normal cellular processes, resulting in illness. There has not been much progress in creating efficient therapies since it has been challenging to definitively confirm this connection between signalosome remodeling and illness. The considerable redundancy included into cell signaling systems presents several potential for developing novel treatments for various disease conditions. One of the most important pathways, NF-κB, controls several aspects of innate and adaptive immune responses, is a key modulator of inflammatory reactions, and has been widely studied both from experimental and theoretical perspectives. NF-κB contributes to the control of inflammasomes and stimulates the expression of a number of pro-inflammatory genes, including those that produce cytokines and chemokines. Additionally, NF-κB is essential for controlling innate immune cells and inflammatory T cells' survival, activation, and differentiation. As a result, aberrant NF-κB activation plays a role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory illnesses. The activation and function of NF-κB in relation to inflammatory illnesses was covered here, and the advancement of treatment approaches based on NF-κB inhibition will be highlighted. This review presents the temporal behavior of NF-κB and its potential relevance in different human diseases which will be helpful not only for theoretical but also for experimental perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena S. Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23445, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (L.S.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Mohammad Mobashir
- SciLifeLab, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 1031, S-17121 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
- Special Infectious Agents Unit—BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21362, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (L.S.A.); (M.M.)
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33
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Wang Z, An J, Zhu D, Chen H, Lin A, Kang J, Liu W, Kang X. Periostin: an emerging activator of multiple signaling pathways. J Cell Commun Signal 2022; 16:515-530. [PMID: 35412260 PMCID: PMC9733775 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins are responsible for regulating the microenvironment, the behaviors of surrounding cells, and the homeostasis of tissues. Periostin (POSTN), a non-structural matricellular protein, can bind to many extracellular matrix proteins through its different domains. POSTN usually presents at low levels in most adult tissues but is highly expressed in pathological sites such as in tumors and inflamed organs. POSTN can bind to diverse integrins to interact with multiple signaling pathways within cells, which is one of its core biological functions. Increasing evidence shows that POSTN can activate the TGF-β, the PI3K/Akt, the Wnt, the RhoA/ROCK, the NF-κB, the MAPK and the JAK pathways to promote the occurrence and development of many diseases, especially cancer and inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, POSTN can interact with some pathways in an upstream and downstream relationship, forming complicated crosstalk. This article focuses on the interactions between POSTN and different signaling pathways in diverse diseases, attempting to explain the mechanisms of interaction and provide novel guidelines for the development of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoheng Wang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangdong An
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Daxue Zhu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiwei Chen
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Aixin Lin
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jihe Kang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhao Liu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
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34
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Wang Z, Hou X, Li M, Ji R, Li Z, Wang Y, Guo Y, Liu D, Huang B, Du H. Active fractions of golden-flowered tea ( Camellia nitidissima Chi) inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor mutated non-small cell lung cancer via multiple pathways and targets in vitro and in vivo. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1014414. [PMID: 36386893 PMCID: PMC9649924 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1014414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As a medicine-food homology (MFH) plant, golden-flowered tea (Camellia nitidissima Chi, CNC) has many different pharmacologic activities and is known as "the queen of the tea family" and "the Panda of the Plant world". Several studies have revealed the pharmacologic effects of CNC crude extract, including anti-tumor, anti-oxidative and hepatoprotective activity. However, there are few studies on the anti-tumor active fractions and components of CNC, yet the underlying mechanism has not been investigated. Thus, we sought to verify the anti-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) effects of four active fractions of CNC. Firstly, we determined the pharmacodynamic material basis of the four active fractions of CNC (Camellia. leave. saponins, Camellia. leave. polyphenols, Camellia. flower. saponins, Camellia. flower. polyphenols) by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and confirmed the differences in their specific compound contents. Then, MTT, colony formation assay and EdU incorporation assay confirmed that all fractions of CNC exhibit significant inhibitory on NSCLC, especially the Camellia. leave. saponins (CLS) fraction on EGFR mutated NSCLC cell lines. Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed that the inhibition of NSCLC cell growth by CLS may be via three pathways, including "Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction," "PI3K-Akt signaling pathway" and "MAPK signaling pathway." Subsequently, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot (WB) revealed TGFB2, INHBB, PIK3R3, ITGB8, TrkB and CACNA1D as the critical targets for the anti-tumor effects of CLS in vitro. Finally, the xenograft models confirmed that CLS treatment effectively suppressed tumor growth, and the key targets were also verified in vivo. These observations suggest that golden-flowered tea could be developed as a functional tea drink with anti-cancer ability, providing an essential molecular mechanism foundation for MFH medicine treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- School of Medicine, Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Li
- Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongsheng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhouyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Dahui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Bisheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhi Du
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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35
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Stern AD, Smith GR, Santos LC, Sarmah D, Zhang X, Lu X, Iuricich F, Pandey G, Iyengar R, Birtwistle MR. Relating individual cell division events to single-cell ERK and Akt activity time courses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18077. [PMID: 36302844 PMCID: PMC9613772 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochemical correlates of stochastic single-cell fates have been elusive, even for the well-studied mammalian cell cycle. We monitored single-cell dynamics of the ERK and Akt pathways, critical cell cycle progression hubs and anti-cancer drug targets, and paired them to division events in the same single cells using the non-transformed MCF10A epithelial line. Following growth factor treatment, in cells that divide both ERK and Akt activities are significantly higher within the S-G2 time window (~ 8.5-40 h). Such differences were much smaller in the pre-S-phase, restriction point window which is traditionally associated with ERK and Akt activity dependence, suggesting unappreciated roles for ERK and Akt in S through G2. Simple metrics of central tendency in this time window are associated with subsequent cell division fates. ERK activity was more strongly associated with division fates than Akt activity, suggesting Akt activity dynamics may contribute less to the decision driving cell division in this context. We also find that ERK and Akt activities are less correlated with each other in cells that divide. Network reconstruction experiments demonstrated that this correlation behavior was likely not due to crosstalk, as ERK and Akt do not interact in this context, in contrast to other transformed cell types. Overall, our findings support roles for ERK and Akt activity throughout the cell cycle as opposed to just before the restriction point, and suggest ERK activity dynamics may be more important than Akt activity dynamics for driving cell division in this non-transformed context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Stern
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory R Smith
- Department of Neurology, Center for Advanced Research on Diagnostic Assays, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luis C Santos
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deepraj Sarmah
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- School of Computing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | | | - Gaurav Pandey
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ravi Iyengar
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc R Birtwistle
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
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36
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Martins FC, Couturier DL, de Santiago I, Sauer CM, Vias M, Angelova M, Sanders D, Piskorz A, Hall J, Hosking K, Amirthanayagam A, Cosulich S, Carnevalli L, Davies B, Watkins TBK, Funingana IG, Bolton H, Haldar K, Latimer J, Baldwin P, Crawford R, Eldridge M, Basu B, Jimenez-Linan M, Mcpherson AW, McGranahan N, Litchfield K, Shah SP, McNeish I, Caldas C, Evan G, Swanton C, Brenton JD. Clonal somatic copy number altered driver events inform drug sensitivity in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6360. [PMID: 36289203 PMCID: PMC9606297 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability is a major challenge to patient stratification and targeted drug development for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). Here we show that somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) in frequently amplified HGSOC cancer genes significantly correlate with gene expression and methylation status. We identify five prevalent clonal driver SCNAs (chromosomal amplifications encompassing MYC, PIK3CA, CCNE1, KRAS and TERT) from multi-regional HGSOC data and reason that their strong selection should prioritise them as key biomarkers for targeted therapies. We use primary HGSOC spheroid models to test interactions between in vitro targeted therapy and SCNAs. MYC chromosomal copy number is associated with in-vitro and clinical response to paclitaxel and in-vitro response to mTORC1/2 inhibition. Activation of the mTOR survival pathway in the context of MYC-amplified HGSOC is statistically associated with increased prevalence of SCNAs in genes from the PI3K pathway. Co-occurrence of amplifications in MYC and genes from the PI3K pathway is independently observed in squamous lung cancer and triple negative breast cancer. In this work, we show that identifying co-occurrence of clonal driver SCNA genes could be used to tailor therapeutics for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Correia Martins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Experimental Medicine Initiative, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Dominique-Laurent Couturier
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ines de Santiago
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Maria Vias
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mihaela Angelova
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Deborah Sanders
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Piskorz
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Hall
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas B K Watkins
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ionut G Funingana
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Bolton
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Krishnayan Haldar
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Latimer
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Baldwin
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robin Crawford
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew Eldridge
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bristi Basu
- Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Andrew W Mcpherson
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, NYC, USA
| | - Nicholas McGranahan
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Kevin Litchfield
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Sohrab P Shah
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, NYC, USA
| | - Iain McNeish
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College of London, London, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gerard Evan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
| | - James D Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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37
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Swati K, Agrawal K, Raj S, Kumar R, Prakash A, Kumar D. Molecular mechanism(s) of regulations of cancer stem cell in brain cancer propagation. Med Res Rev 2022; 43:441-463. [PMID: 36205299 DOI: 10.1002/med.21930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumors are most often diagnosed with solid neoplasms and are the primary reason for cancer-related deaths in both children and adults worldwide. With recent developments in the progression of novel targeted chemotherapies, the prognosis of malignant glioma remains dismal. However, the high recurrence rate and high mortality rate remain unresolved and are closely linked to the biological features of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Research on tumor biology has reached a new age with more understanding of CSC features. CSCs, a subpopulation of whole tumor cells, are now regarded as candidate therapeutic targets. Therefore, in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors, recognizing the biological properties of CSCs is of considerable significance. Here, we have discussed the concept of CSCs and their significant role in brain cancer growth and propagation. We have also discussed personalized therapeutic development and immunotherapies for brain cancer by specifically targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Swati
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Kirti Agrawal
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES University, Dehradun, India.,Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Sibi Raj
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES University, Dehradun, India.,Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES University, Dehradun, India.,Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
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38
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The Impact of Oxidative Stress and AKT Pathway on Cancer Cell Functions and Its Application to Natural Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091845. [PMID: 36139919 PMCID: PMC9495789 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and AKT serine-threonine kinase (AKT) are responsible for regulating several cell functions of cancer cells. Several natural products modulate both oxidative stress and AKT for anticancer effects. However, the impact of natural product-modulating oxidative stress and AKT on cell functions lacks systemic understanding. Notably, the contribution of regulating cell functions by AKT downstream effectors is not yet well integrated. This review explores the role of oxidative stress and AKT pathway (AKT/AKT effectors) on ten cell functions, including apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial morphogenesis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, DNA damage response, senescence, migration, and cell-cycle progression. The impact of oxidative stress and AKT are connected to these cell functions through cell function mediators. Moreover, the AKT effectors related to cell functions are integrated. Based on this rationale, natural products with the modulating abilities for oxidative stress and AKT pathway exhibit the potential to regulate these cell functions, but some were rarely reported, particularly for AKT effectors. This review sheds light on understanding the roles of oxidative stress and AKT pathway in regulating cell functions, providing future directions for natural products in cancer treatment.
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39
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Erisken S, Nune G, Chung H, Kang JW, Koh S. Time and age dependent regulation of neuroinflammation in a rat model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Correlation with human data. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:969364. [PMID: 36172274 PMCID: PMC9512631 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.969364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute brain insults trigger diverse cellular and signaling responses and often precipitate epilepsy. The cellular, molecular and signaling events relevant to the emergence of the epileptic brain, however, remain poorly understood. These multiplex structural and functional alterations tend also to be opposing - some homeostatic and reparative while others disruptive; some associated with growth and proliferation while others, with cell death. To differentiate pathological from protective consequences, we compared seizure-induced changes in gene expression hours and days following kainic acid (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE) in postnatal day (P) 30 and P15 rats by capitalizing on age-dependent differential physiologic responses to KA-SE; only mature rats, not immature rats, have been shown to develop spontaneous recurrent seizures after KA-SE. To correlate gene expression profiles in epileptic rats with epilepsy patients and demonstrate the clinical relevance of our findings, we performed gene analysis on four patient samples obtained from temporal lobectomy and compared to four control brains from NICHD Brain Bank. Pro-inflammatory gene expressions were at higher magnitudes and more sustained in P30. The inflammatory response was driven by the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 in the acute period up to 72 h and by IL-18 in the subacute period through the 10-day time point. In addition, a panoply of other immune system genes was upregulated, including chemokines, glia markers and adhesion molecules. Genes associated with the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways comprised the largest functional group identified. Through the integration of multiple ontological databases, we analyzed genes belonging to 13 separate pathways linked to Classical MAPK ERK, as well as stress activated protein kinases (SAPKs) p38 and JNK. Interestingly, genes belonging to the Classical MAPK pathways were mostly transiently activated within the first 24 h, while genes in the SAPK pathways had divergent time courses of expression, showing sustained activation only in P30. Genes in P30 also had different regulatory functions than in P15: P30 animals showed marked increases in positive regulators of transcription, of signaling pathways as well as of MAPKKK cascades. Many of the same inflammation-related genes as in epileptic rats were significantly upregulated in human hippocampus, higher than in lateral temporal neocortex. They included glia-associated genes, cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules and MAPK pathway genes. Uniquely expressed in human hippocampus were adaptive immune system genes including immune receptors CDs and MHC II HLAs. In the brain, many immune molecules have additional roles in synaptic plasticity and the promotion of neurite outgrowth. We propose that persistent changes in inflammatory gene expression after SE leads not only to structural damage but also to aberrant synaptogenesis that may lead to epileptogenesis. Furthermore, the sustained pattern of inflammatory genes upregulated in the epileptic mature brain was distinct from that of the immature brain that show transient changes and are resistant to cell death and neuropathologic changes. Our data suggest that the epileptogenic process may be a result of failed cellular signaling mechanisms, where insults overwhelm the system beyond a homeostatic threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Erisken
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - George Nune
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hyokwon Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital & Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Joon Won Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital & Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Pediatrics & Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sookyong Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital & Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Sookyong Koh,
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Butler M, Vervoort BM, van Ingen Schenau DS, Jongeneel L, van der Zwet JC, Marke R, Meijerink JP, Scheijen B, van der Meer LT, van Leeuwen FN. Reversal of IKZF1-induced glucocorticoid resistance by dual targeting of AKT and ERK signaling pathways. Front Oncol 2022; 12:905665. [PMID: 36119546 PMCID: PMC9478899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.905665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although long-term survival in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) currently exceeds 90%, some subgroups, defined by specific genomic aberrations, respond poorly to treatment. We previously reported that leukemias harboring deletions or mutations affecting the B-cell transcription factor IKZF1 exhibit a tumor cell intrinsic resistance to glucocorticoids (GCs), one of the cornerstone drugs used in the treatment of ALL. Here, we identified increased activation of both AKT and ERK signaling pathways as drivers of GC resistance in IKZF1-deficient leukemic cells. Indeed, combined pharmacological inhibition of AKT and ERK signaling effectively reversed GC resistance in IKZF1-deficient leukemias. As inhibitors for both pathways are under clinical investigation, their combined use may enhance the efficacy of prednisolone-based therapy in this high-risk patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Butler
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - René Marke
- Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Blanca Scheijen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Frank N. van Leeuwen
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Frank N. van Leeuwen,
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Liu XL, Zhang GM, Huang SS, Shi WH, Ye LX, Ren ZL, Zhang JJ, Liu SW, Yu L, Li YL. PTEN loss confers sensitivity to rapalogs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2397-2409. [PMID: 35165399 PMCID: PMC9433447 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapalogs (everolimus and temsirolimus) are allosteric mTORC1 inhibitors and approved agents for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), although only a subset of patients derive clinical benefit. Progress in genomic characterization has made it possible to generate comprehensive profiles of genetic alterations in ccRCC; however, the correlations between recurrent somatic mutations and rapalog efficacy remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate by using multiple patient-derived ccRCC cell lines that compared to PTEN-proficient cells, PTEN-deficient cells exhibit hypersensitivity to rapalogs. Rapalogs inhibit cell proliferation by inducing G0/G1 arrest without inducing apoptosis in PTEN-deficient ccRCC cell lines. Using isogenic cell lines generated by CRISPR/Cas9, we validate the correlation between PTEN loss and rapalog hypersensitivity. In contrast, deletion of VHL or chromatin-modifying genes (PBRM1, SETD2, BAP1, or KDM5C) fails to influence the cellular response to rapalogs. Our mechanistic study shows that ectopic expression of an activating mTOR mutant (C1483F) antagonizes PTEN-induced cell growth inhibition, while introduction of a resistant mTOR mutant (A2034V) enables PTEN-deficient ccRCC cells to escape the growth inhibitory effect of rapalogs, suggesting that PTEN loss generates vulnerability to mTOR inhibition. PTEN-deficient ccRCC cells are more sensitive to the inhibitory effects of temsirolimus on cell migration and tumor growth in zebrafish and xenograft mice, respectively. Of note, PTEN protein loss as detected by immunohistochemistry is much more frequent than mutations in the PTEN gene in ccRCC patients. Our study suggests that PTEN loss correlates with rapalog sensitivity and could be used as a marker for ccRCC patient selection for rapalog therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Gui-Ming Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Si-Si Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Hui Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lin-Xuan Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhong-Lu Ren
- College of Medical Information Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Medicinal Information and Real World Engineering Technology Center of Universities, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shu-Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Le Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yi-Lei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Lu D, Hu W, Tian T, Wang M, Zhou M, Wu C. The Mechanism of Lipopolysaccharide’s Effect on Secretion of Endometrial Mucins in Female Mice during Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179972. [PMID: 36077364 PMCID: PMC9456203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main toxic component of endotoxins released from the death or dissolution of Gram-negative bacteria is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which exists widely in the natural environment, and a large amount of endotoxin can significantly inhibit the reproductive performance of animals. A previous study showed that endotoxins mainly damaged the physiological function of mucins in the endometrium, but the mechanism is not clear. In this study, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was not activated, and the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited by LPS treatment; the expression of occludin and E-cadherin proteins were decreased and ZO-1 protein expression was increased, because LPS can lead to the mucous layer becoming thinner, so that the embryonic survival rate is significantly reduced in early pregnancy. In middle and late pregnancy, LPS translocated to the epithelial cells of the uterus and the expression of claudin-1, JAMA, and E-cadherin proteins were decreased; at this time, a large number of glycosaminoglycan particles were secreted by endometrial gland cells through the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway that was activated after LPS treatment, However, there was no significant difference between the survival rates of fetal mice in the LPS (+) and LPS (-) groups. Glycosaminoglycan particles and mucins are secreted by gland cells, which can protect and maintain the pregnancy in the middle and late gestational periods.
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A lymphatic-absorbed multi-targeted kinase inhibitor for myelofibrosis therapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4730. [PMID: 35977945 PMCID: PMC9386018 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32486-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of compensatory signaling nodes in cancer often requires combination therapies that are frequently plagued by dose-limiting toxicities. Intestinal lymphatic drug absorption is seldom explored, although reduced toxicity and sustained drug levels would be anticipated to improve systemic bioavailability. A potent orally bioavailable multi-functional kinase inhibitor (LP-182) is described with intrinsic lymphatic partitioning for the combined targeting of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways without observable toxicity. We demonstrate selectivity and therapeutic efficacy through reduction of downstream kinase activation, amelioration of disease phenotypes, and improved survival in animal models of myelofibrosis. Our further characterization of synthetic and physiochemical properties for small molecule lymphatic uptake will support continued advancements in lymphatropic therapy for altering disease trajectories of a myriad of human disease indications. Combination therapies simultaneously inhibiting different therapeutic targets in cancer is challenged by individual pharmacokinetic profiles. Here, the authors generate an orally provided multi-targeted kinase inhibitor that is lymphatic absorbed and increases survival in a murine model of myelofibrosis.
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Gebrie A. Disease progression role as well as the diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNA-21 in patients with cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268480. [PMID: 35895593 PMCID: PMC9328569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cervical cancer is the fourth commonest and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in females globally. The upregulated expression of microRNA-21 in cervical cancer has been investigated in numerous studies, yet given the inconsistency on some of the findings, a systematic review and meta-analysis is needed. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the role in disease progression as well as the diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNA-21 in patients with cervical cancer. Methods Literature search was carried out through visiting several electronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE/ PubMed Central, Web of Science, Embase, WorldCat, DOAJ, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. After extraction, data analysis was carried out using Rev-Man 5.3, STATA 15.0 and Meta-disk 1.4. I2 and meta-bias statistics assessed heterogeneity and publication bias of the included studies, respectively. The area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve and other diagnostic indexes were used to estimate diagnostic accuracy. Result A total of 53 studies were included for this systematic review and meta-analysis. This study summarized that microRNA-21 targets the expression of numerous genes that regulate their subsequent downstream signaling pathways which promote cervical carcinogenesis. The targets addressed in this study included TNF-α, CCL20, PTEN RasA1, TIMP3, PDCD-4, TPM-1, FASL, BTG-2, GAS-5, and VHL. In addition, the meta-analysis of reports from 6 eligible studies has demonstrated that the overall area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) of microRNA-21 as a diagnostic accuracy index for cervical cancer was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.86). In addition, evidence from studies revealed that upregulated microRNA-21 led to worsening progression and poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients. Conclusion microRNA-21 is an oncogenic microRNA molecule playing a key role in the development and progression of cervical malignancy. It has good diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. In addition, the upregulation of microRNA-21 could predict a worse outcome in terms of prognosis in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemu Gebrie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
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Bazzari AH, Bazzari FH. BDNF Therapeutic Mechanisms in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158417. [PMID: 35955546 PMCID: PMC9368938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most abundant neurotrophin in the adult brain and functions as both a primary neurotrophic signal and a neuromodulator. It serves essential roles in neuronal development, maintenance, transmission, and plasticity, thereby influencing aging, cognition, and behavior. Accumulating evidence associates reduced central and peripheral BDNF levels with various neuropsychiatric disorders, supporting its potential utilization as a biomarker of central pathologies. Subsequently, extensive research has been conducted to evaluate restoring, or otherwise augmenting, BDNF transmission as a potential therapeutic approach. Promising results were indeed observed for genetic BDNF upregulation or exogenous administration using a multitude of murine models of neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, varying mechanisms have been proposed to underlie the observed therapeutic effects, and many findings indicate the engagement of disease-specific and other non-specific mechanisms. This is because BDNF essentially affects all aspects of neuronal cellular function through tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor signaling, the disruptions of which vary between brain regions across different pathologies leading to diversified consequences on cognition and behavior. Herein, we review the neurophysiology of BDNF transmission and signaling and classify the converging and diverging molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potentials in neuropsychiatric disorders. These include neuroprotection, synaptic maintenance, immunomodulation, plasticity facilitation, secondary neuromodulation, and preservation of neurovascular unit integrity and cellular viability. Lastly, we discuss several findings suggesting BDNF as a common mediator of the therapeutic actions of centrally acting pharmacological agents used in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad H. Bazzari
- Faculty of Medicine, Arab American University, 13 Zababdeh, Jenin 240, Palestine
- Correspondence:
| | - Firas H. Bazzari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Arab American University, 13 Zababdeh, Jenin 240, Palestine;
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Xu B, Dan W, Zhang X, Wang H, Cao L, Li S, Li J. Gene Differential Expression and Interaction Networks Illustrate the Biomarkers and Molecular Biological Mechanisms of Unsaponifiable Matter in Kanglaite Injection for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6229462. [PMID: 35707377 PMCID: PMC9192213 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6229462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Kanglaite injection (KLTi) has shown good clinical efficacy in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). While previous studies have demonstrated the antitumor effects of the oil compounds in KLTi, it is unclear whether the unsaponifiable matter (USM) also has antitumor effects. This study used network pharmacology, molecular docking, and database verification methods to investigate the molecular biological mechanisms of USM. Methods Compounds of USM were obtained from GC-MS, and targets from DrugBank. Next, the GEO database was searched for differentially expressed genes in cancerous tissues and healthy tissues of PDAC to identify targets. Subsequently, the protein-protein interaction of USM and PDAC targets was constructed by BisoGenet to extract candidate genes. The candidate genes were enriched using GO and KEGG by Metascape, and the gene-pathway network was constructed to screen the key genes. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations of core compound targets were finally performed and to explore the diagnostic, survival, and prognosis value of targets. Results A total of 10 active compounds and 36 drug targets were screened for USM, 919 genes associated with PDAC, and 139 USM candidate genes against PDAC were excavated. The enrichment predicted USM by acting on RELA, NFKB1, IKBKG, JUN, MAPK1, TP53, and AKT1. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations confirmed the screened core targets had good affinity and stability with the corresponding compounds. In diagnostic ROC validation, the above targets have certain accuracy for diagnosing PDAC, and the combined diagnosis is more advantageous. As the most diagnostic value of RELA, it is equally significant in predicting disease-specific survival and progression-free interval. Conclusions USM in KLTi plays an anti-PDAC role by intervening in the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, and downregulating the NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K-Akt pathways. It might participate in the pancreatic cancer pathway, and core target groups have diagnostic, survival, and prognosis value biomarker significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Xu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenchao Dan
- Department of Dermatological, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Heping Wang
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Luchang Cao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shixin Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Abstract
Both the mTORC2 and Ras-ERK pathways respond to growth factor stimulation and play critical roles in cell growth and proliferation, disarray of these pathways leads to many diseases, especially cancer. These two signaling pathways crosstalk at many levels; recently it's become clear that the SIN1 component of mTORC2 could interact with Ras family small GTPases, but how these two proteins interact at the molecular level and the functional outcomes of this interaction remain to be addressed. In this work we determined the high-resolution structure of Ras-SIN1 complexes and revealed the detailed interaction mechanism. We also showed that Ras-SIN1 association inhibits insulin-induced ERK activation. Insights from this work could improve our understanding of the disease-causing mechanism of errant mTORC2 or Ras proteins. Over the years it has been established that SIN1, a key component of mTORC2, could interact with Ras family small GTPases through its Ras-binding domain (RBD). The physical association of Ras and SIN1/mTORC2 could potentially affect both mTORC2 and Ras-ERK pathways. To decipher the precise molecular mechanism of this interaction, we determined the high-resolution structures of HRas/KRas-SIN1 RBD complexes, showing the detailed interaction interface. Mutation of critical interface residues abolished Ras-SIN1 interaction and in SIN1 knockout cells we demonstrated that Ras-SIN1 association promotes SGK1 activity but inhibits insulin-induced ERK activation. With structural comparison and competition fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays we showed that HRas-SIN1 RBD association is much weaker than HRas-Raf1 RBD but is slightly stronger than HRas-PI3K RBD interaction, providing a possible explanation for the different outcome of insulin or EGF stimulation. We also found that SIN1 isoform lacking the PH domain binds stronger to Ras than other longer isoforms and the PH domain appears to have an inhibitory effect on Ras-SIN1 binding. In addition, we uncovered a Ras dimerization interface that could be critical for Ras oligomerization. Our results advance our understanding of Ras-SIN1 association and crosstalk between growth factor-stimulated pathways.
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Zhang S, Cao S, Gong M, Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhu Z, Wu S, Yue Y, Qian W, Ma Q, Wang S, Wang Z. Mechanically activated ion channel Piezo1 contributes to melanoma malignant progression through AKT/mTOR signaling. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:336-347. [PMID: 36112948 PMCID: PMC9037449 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2060015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer that can metastasize at early stage. The aim of this study is to clarify the role of Piezo1 and its potential mechanism in regulating the malignant phenotypes of melanoma. In the present study, we first showed that Piezo1 was abnormally expressed in melanoma, which accelerated the malignant progression by activating AKT/mTOR signaling. Firstly, we found that Piezo1 was upregulated in melanoma and associated with poor survival. Additionally, Piezo1 knockdown significantly weakened intracellular calcium signal and viability of melanoma cells. Furthermore, Piezo1 knockdown inhibited the transendothelial migration and invasion in vitro, as well as metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that Piezo1 activated AKT/mTOR signaling to maintain malignant phenotypes of melanoma. Therefore, Piezo1 acts as an oncogene in melanoma cells and provides a novel candidate for melanoma diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Cao
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin, Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mengyuan Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wunai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weifan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zeen Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yangyang Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Yang L, Xie HJ, Li YY, Wang X, Liu XX, Mai J. Molecular mechanisms of platinum‑based chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2022; 47:82. [PMID: 35211759 PMCID: PMC8908330 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapy drugs for ovarian cancer, but resistance is common. The initial response to platinum‑based chemotherapy is as high as 80%, but in most advanced patients, final relapse and death are caused by acquired drug resistance. The development of resistance to therapy in ovarian cancer is a significant hindrance to therapeutic efficacy. The resistance of ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapeutic mechanisms is rather complex and includes multidrug resistance, DNA damage repair, cell metabolism, oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation, cancer stem cells, immunity, apoptotic pathways, autophagy and abnormal signaling pathways. The present review provided an update of recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms of ovarian cancer platinum‑based chemotherapy resistance, discussed current and emerging approaches for targeting these patients and presented challenges associated with these approaches, with a focus on development and overcoming resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Jian Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Xin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jia Mai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Tidyman WE, Goodwin AF, Maeda Y, Klein OD, Rauen KA. MEK-inhibitor-mediated rescue of skeletal myopathy caused by activating Hras mutation in a Costello syndrome mouse model. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:272258. [PMID: 34553752 PMCID: PMC8617311 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Costello syndrome (CS) is a congenital disorder caused by heterozygous activating germline HRAS mutations in the canonical Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Ras/MAPK) pathway. CS is one of the RASopathies, a large group of syndromes caused by mutations within various components of the Ras/MAPK pathway. An important part of the phenotype that greatly impacts quality of life is hypotonia. To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying hypotonia in CS, a mouse model with an activating HrasG12V allele was utilized. We identified a skeletal myopathy that was due, in part, to inhibition of embryonic myogenesis and myofiber formation, resulting in a reduction in myofiber size and number that led to reduced muscle mass and strength. In addition to hyperactivation of the Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways, there was a significant reduction in p38 signaling, as well as global transcriptional alterations consistent with the myopathic phenotype. Inhibition of Ras/MAPK pathway signaling using a MEK inhibitor rescued the HrasG12V myopathy phenotype both in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating that increased MAPK signaling is the main cause of the muscle phenotype in CS. Summary: A Costello syndrome (CS) mouse model carrying a heterozygous Hras p.G12V mutation was utilized to investigate Ras pathway dysregulation, revealing that increased MAPK signaling is the main cause of the muscle phenotype in CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Tidyman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,UC Davis MIND Institute, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Alice F Goodwin
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Yoshiko Maeda
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,UC Davis MIND Institute, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Katherine A Rauen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,UC Davis MIND Institute, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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