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Azimi H, Jafari A, Maralani M, Davoodi H. The role of histamine and its receptors in breast cancer: from pathology to therapeutic targets. Med Oncol 2024; 41:190. [PMID: 38951252 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02437-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, and despite the development of new treatment methods and the decreasing mortality rate in recent years, one of the clinical problems in breast cancer treatment is chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. Histamine, an inflammatory mediator, is produced by tumor cells and can induce chronic inflammation and the growth of some tumors by recruiting inflammatory cells. It can also affect tumor physiopathology, antitumor treatment efficiency, and patient survival. Antihistamines, as histamine receptor antagonists, play a role in modulating the effects of these receptors in tumor cells and can affect some treatment methods for breast cancer therapy; in this review, we investigate the role of histamine, its receptors, and antihistamines in breast cancer pathology and treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Azimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Afifeh Jafari
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahafarin Maralani
- Postdoctoral Fellow Atlantic Cancer Research Institute (ACRI) Dr.Georges-L.Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, NewBrunswick, Canada
| | - Homa Davoodi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
- Postdoctoral Fellow Atlantic Cancer Research Institute (ACRI) Dr.Georges-L.Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, NewBrunswick, Canada.
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Mohammad A, Laboulaye MA, Shenhar C, Dobberfuhl AD. Mechanisms of oxidative stress in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:433-449. [PMID: 38326514 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is characterized by bladder and/or pelvic pain, increased urinary urgency and frequency and nocturia. The pathophysiology of IC/BPS is poorly understood, and theories include chronic inflammation, autoimmune dysregulation, bacterial cystitis, urothelial dysfunction, deficiency of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) barrier and urine cytotoxicity. Multiple treatment options exist, including behavioural interventions, oral medications, intravesical instillations and procedures such as hydrodistension; however, many clinical trials fail, and patients experience an unsatisfactory treatment response, likely owing to IC/BPS phenotype heterogeneity and the use of non-targeted interventions. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of IC/BPS as reactive oxygen species impair bladder function via their involvement in multiple molecular mechanisms. Kinase signalling pathways, nociceptive receptors, mast-cell activation, urothelial dysregulation and circadian rhythm disturbance have all been linked to reactive oxygen species and IC/BPS. However, further research is necessary to fully uncover the role of oxidative stress in the pathways driving IC/BPS pathogenesis. The development of new models in which these pathways can be manipulated will aid this research and enable further investigation of promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Mohammad
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mallory A Laboulaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chen Shenhar
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Amy D Dobberfuhl
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Barbot A, Lheritier-Barrand M, Murrieta-Aguttes M, Leonetti M, Vernaz J, Huang S, Constant S, Boda B. Establishment of a human nasal epithelium model of histamine-induced inflammation to assess the activity of fexofenadine as an inverse agonist and its link to clinical benefit. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1393702. [PMID: 38933682 PMCID: PMC11200123 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1393702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fexofenadine (FEX) is an antihistamine that acts as an inverse agonist against histamine (HIS) receptor 1 (H1R), which mediates the allergic reaction. Inverse agonists may be more potent than neutral antagonists, as they bind the same receptor as the agonist (HIS) but stabilize the inactive form and induce an opposite pharmacological response, suppressing the basal activity of H1R and preventing HIS from binding. This study aims to establish and validate a model of HIS-induced inflammation based on fully reconstituted human nasal epithelial tissue to assess the activity of FEX as an inverse agonist in this model and explore its link to clinical benefit. Methods The model was developed using nasal MucilAir™ (Epithelix) in vitro epithelium challenged by HIS. Two conditions were assessed in a side-by-side comparison: tissue was exposed to HIS + FEX with or without FEX pre-treatment (one-hour prior to HIS challenge). Tissue functionality, cytotoxicity, H1R gene expression, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed. Results HIS at 100 µM induced significant 3.1-fold and 2.2-fold increases for inflammatory biomarkers interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6, respectively (p < 0.0001), as well as rapid upregulation of H1R mRNA. Inflammatory biomarkers were inhibited by FEX and H1R expression was significantly reduced (p < 0.0001). FEX alone decreased H1R expression at all doses tested. With one-hour FEX pre-treatment, there was significantly higher downregulation of IL-8 (p < 0.05) and further downregulation of H1R expression and IL-6 versus without FEX pre-treatment; the effects of FEX were improved from 22% to 40%. Conclusion A model of HIS-induced airway inflammation was established based on IL-8, IL-6 and H1R gene expression and was validated with FEX. FEX works as an inverse agonist, with a higher effect when used before+during versus only during the HIS challenge. Taking FEX before+during allergen exposure, or when symptoms first occur, may reduce basal activity and H1R gene expression, providing stronger protection against the worsening of symptoms upon allergen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Barbot
- Sanofi, CHC Scientific Innovation, Neuilly, France
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Chan SY, Chang Y, Polpichai N, Lee YT, Ma KSK. Treatment with Antihistamines and the Risk of Liver Cancer in Patients with Viral Hepatitis: A Multi-Center Cohort Study. Viruses 2024; 16:940. [PMID: 38932232 PMCID: PMC11209559 DOI: 10.3390/v16060940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The effects of antihistamines on cancer risk and prognosis have been inconsistent across cancers. The aim of this multi-center cohort study was to investigate the association between antihistamine use and the risk of liver cancer in individuals with viral hepatitis. Methods: This multi-center cohort study included individuals diagnosed with hepatitis B or hepatitis C between January 2008 and March 2022. For antihistamine-treated patients, the index date was the date of antihistamine prescription, and for non-users, it was the date of hepatitis diagnosis. Participants were followed for five years, with the primary outcome of interest being new-onset liver cancer. The incidence rate and the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) along with its 95% confidence interval (CI) of the outcome were calculated. Subgroup analyses were conducted, stratified by types of viral hepatitis including hepatitis C and hepatitis B. An additional validation study was performed. Results: The study included a total of 7748 patients with viral hepatitis. The incidence rate was 12.58 per 1000 person-years in patients with viral hepatitis on antihistamines, compared to 3.88 per 1000 person-years in those without antihistamine use. After adjusting for factors including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, laboratory data of liver function tests, comedications, and the use of antiviral therapies, the risk of new-onset liver cancer was significantly higher in patients on antihistamines (aHR = 1.83, 95% CI, 1.28-2.60). In patients with hepatitis C, the incidence rate in the antihistamine group was 15.73 per 1000 person-years, while non-users had a rate of 4.79 per 1000 person-years. Patients with hepatitis C on antihistamines had a significantly higher risk of developing liver cancer (aHR = 3.24, 95% CI, 2.16-4.86). Conclusions: This multi-center cohort study reported an increased risk of liver cancer in patients with hepatitis B or hepatitis C treated with antihistamines. Long-term follow-up studies are warranted to validate the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yen Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weiss Memorial Hospital/University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60640, USA; (S.-Y.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Yushan Chang
- Department of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
| | - Natchaya Polpichai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weiss Memorial Hospital/University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60640, USA; (S.-Y.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Yuan-Ti Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402306, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402306, Taiwan
| | - Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma
- Center for Global Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Bhat MA, Roy S, Dhaneshwar S, Kumar S, Saxena SK. Desloratadine via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties ameliorates TNBS-induced experimental colitis in rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38816915 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2360043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal mucosal immune cells, notably mast cells, are pivotal in ulcerative colitis (UC) pathophysiology. Its activation elevates tissue concentrations of histamine. Inhibiting colonic histamine release could be an effective therapeutic strategy for treating UC. Experimental model like 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats mimic human IBD, aiding treatment investigations. Drug repurposing is a promising strategy to explore new indications for established drugs. Desloratadine (DES) is second-generation antihistamine utilized for managing allergies by blocking histamine action in the body. It also has reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. OBJECTIVE DES was investigated for its repurposing potential in UC by preclinical screening in TNBS-induced colitis in Wistar rats. METHODS Therapeutic efficacy of DES was evaluated both individually and in combination with standard drug 5-aminosalicylicacid (5-ASA). Rats were orally administered DES (10 mg/kg), 5-ASA (25 mg/kg), and DES + 5-ASA (5 mg + 12.15 mg) following the induction of colitis. Parameters including disease activity score rate (DASR), colon/body weight ratio (CBWR), colon length, diameter, pH, histological injury, and scoring were evaluated. Inflammatory biomarkers such as IL-1β, TNF-α, along with reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed. RESULTS Significant protective effects of DES, especially in combination with 5-ASA, against TNBS-induced inflammation were observed as evidenced by reduced DASR, CBWR, and improved colon morphology. Drugs significantly lowered plasma and colon histamine and, cytokines levels. GSH restoration, and decreased MDA content were also observed. CONCLUSION DES and DES + 5-ASA demonstrated potential in alleviating colonic inflammation associated with TNBS-induced colitis in rats. The effect can be attributed to its antihistamine, anticytokine, and antioxidative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aadil Bhat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Supriya Roy
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suneela Dhaneshwar
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swatantra Kumar
- Centre for Advanced Research (CFAR), Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - Shailendra K Saxena
- Centre for Advanced Research (CFAR), Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
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Bhowmik R, Shaharyar MA, Sarkar A, Mandal A, Anand K, Shabana H, Mitra A, Karmakar S. Immunopathogenesis of urticaria: a clinical perspective on histamine and cytokine involvement. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:877-896. [PMID: 38555555 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urticaria is a clinical condition characterized by the appearance of wheals (hives), angioedema, or both. Over the last several decades, a better understanding of the mechanisms at play in the immunopathogenesis of urticaria has underscored the existence of numerous urticaria subtypes. Separating the different kinds of urticaria explicitly helps find the best detection method for the management of this skin disorder. Subtypes of urticaria also include both spontaneous and physical types. The conventional ones include spontaneous urticaria, constituting both acute and chronic urticaria. Therefore, a broad and effective therapy is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of urticaria. METHODS To understand the immunopathogenesis of urticaria, various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were used to retrieve original articles and reviews related to urticaria. While information on several clinical trials were obtained from clinicaltrials.gov database. RESULTS This article highlights the immunopathogenesis involved in the intricate interaction between cellular infiltration, immune reactions, coagulation cascades, and autoantibodies that underlie urticaria's pathophysiology. CONCLUSION The recent progress in understanding urticaria can help to understand the intricate characteristics in the immunopathogenesis of urticaria and could play a beneficial role in the management of urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudranil Bhowmik
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Md Adil Shaharyar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Arnab Sarkar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Avishek Mandal
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Kumar Anand
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Humira Shabana
- Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Formerly, Meerut University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Achintya Mitra
- Regional Ayurveda Research Institute (RARI) CCRAS Under Ministry of AYUSH, Thapla, Ganiyadeoli, Ranikhet Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Xiang YK, Fok JS, Podder I, Yücel MB, Özkoca D, Thomsen SF, Kocatürk E. An update on the use of antihistamines in managing chronic urticaria. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:551-569. [PMID: 38654448 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2345731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urticaria, a mast cell-mediated skin disease, manifests as acute or chronic, with the latter divided into spontaneous and inducible types and requires individualized management, including identifying triggers and comorbidities. Antihistamines, particularly the second generation group, form the mainstay of primary treatment plans consisting of dosage adjustments and/or in combination with other treatment modalities depending on underlying disease control. AREAS COVERED A literature search was conducted using 'antihistamines,' 'urticaria,' 'pharmacogenomics,' 'genomics,' 'biomarkers' and 'treatment response' as key words. In this review, we focus on the comprehensive understanding and application of antihistamines in managing adult and adolescent patients with chronic urticaria. EXPERT OPINION Using antihistamines to treat urticaria is set to change significantly, focusing more on personalized medicine and identifying key biomarkers to enhance treatment response prediction. These changes aim to make treatments more specific and cost-effective by avoiding unnecessary tests. Applying new approaches in everyday clinical care faces challenges like proving the biomarkers' reliability, updating current guidelines, and incorporating individualized treatments into standard procedures. Efforts should now concentrate on finding easy-to-use biomarkers, improving access to pharmacogenomics, understanding why some patients are resistant to treatment, and creating more specific treatment options based on patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kui Xiang
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Berlin, Germany
- Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jie Shen Fok
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and General Medicine, Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Lung, Sleep and Allergy/Immunology, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Indrashis Podder
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Muhammed Burak Yücel
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence, Department of Dermatology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Defne Özkoca
- Department of Dermatology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Simon Francis Thomsen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emek Kocatürk
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Berlin, Germany
- Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wang D, Guo Q, Wu Z, Li M, He B, Du Y, Zhang K, Tao Y. Molecular mechanism of antihistamines recognition and regulation of the histamine H 1 receptor. Nat Commun 2024; 15:84. [PMID: 38167898 PMCID: PMC10762250 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Histamine receptors are a group of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that play important roles in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Antihistamines that target the histamine H1 receptor (H1R) have been widely used to relieve the symptoms of allergy and inflammation. Here, to uncover the details of the regulation of H1R by the known second-generation antihistamines, thereby providing clues for the rational design of newer antihistamines, we determine the cryo-EM structure of H1R in the apo form and bound to different antihistamines. In addition to the deep hydrophobic cavity, we identify a secondary ligand-binding site in H1R, which potentially may support the introduction of new derivative groups to generate newer antihistamines. Furthermore, these structures show that antihistamines exert inverse regulation by utilizing a shared phenyl group that inserts into the deep cavity and block the movement of the toggle switch residue W4286.48. Together, these results enrich our understanding of GPCR modulation and facilitate the structure-based design of novel antihistamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zhangsong Wu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 518172, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Binbin He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yang Du
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 518172, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiming Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, P. R. China.
| | - Yuyong Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, P. R. China.
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Linton S, Hossenbaccus L, Ellis AK. Evidence-based use of antihistamines for treatment of allergic conditions. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2023; 131:412-420. [PMID: 37517656 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Available since the 1940s, H1 antihistamines are mainstay treatments for allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis and urticaria. They function as inverse agonists that bind to the H1 receptor to inhibit histamine-induced inflammation. The older, first-generation drugs are no longer recommended for patient use because of their well-documented negative adverse effect profile. Evidence has been accumulating to support a newer generation of H1 antihistamines in oral and intranasal formulations, including in combination with intranasal corticosteroids. The literature is replete with large meta-analyses and systematic reviews establishing the safety and efficacy of second-generation H1 antihistamines in adult and pediatric allergic rhinitis populations, including combination nasal spray agents (eg, MP29-02 or MP-AzeFlu). Although intraclass differences do exist, patient preference, access, and costs should be the priority. Robust data on the regular, not as needed use of H1 antihistamines for urticaria have been published, including in the management of children and pregnant or lactating women. In addition, H1 antihistamines can be used in other related allergic conditions, such as the secondary symptoms of anaphylaxis, to provide patients with greater comfort, including in allergic asthma, depending on the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Linton
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Kingston General Health Research Institute-Allergy Research Unit, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lubnaa Hossenbaccus
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Kingston General Health Research Institute-Allergy Research Unit, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Kingston General Health Research Institute-Allergy Research Unit, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Sutherland JJ, Yonchev D, Fekete A, Urban L. A preclinical secondary pharmacology resource illuminates target-adverse drug reaction associations of marketed drugs. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4323. [PMID: 37468498 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro secondary pharmacology assays are an important tool for predicting clinical adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of investigational drugs. We created the Secondary Pharmacology Database (SPD) by testing 1958 drugs using 200 assays to validate target-ADR associations. Compared to public and subscription resources, 95% of all and 36% of active (AC50 < 1 µM) results are unique to SPD, with bias towards higher activity in public resources. Annotating drugs with free maximal plasma concentrations, we find 684 physiologically relevant unpublished off-target activities. Furthermore, 64% of putative ADRs linked to target activity in key literature reviews are not statistically significant in SPD. Systematic analysis of all target-ADR pairs identifies several putative associations supported by publications. Finally, candidate mechanisms for known ADRs are proposed based on SPD off-target activities. Here we present a freely-available resource for benchmarking ADR predictions, explaining phenotypic activity and investigating clinical properties of marketed drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitar Yonchev
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Laszlo Urban
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Khouma A, Moeini MM, Plamondon J, Richard D, Caron A, Michael NJ. Histaminergic regulation of food intake. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1202089. [PMID: 37448468 PMCID: PMC10338010 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1202089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a biogenic amine that acts as a neuromodulator within the brain. In the hypothalamus, histaminergic signaling contributes to the regulation of numerous physiological and homeostatic processes, including the regulation of energy balance. Histaminergic neurons project extensively throughout the hypothalamus and two histamine receptors (H1R, H3R) are strongly expressed in key hypothalamic nuclei known to regulate energy homeostasis, including the paraventricular (PVH), ventromedial (VMH), dorsomedial (DMH), and arcuate (ARC) nuclei. The activation of different histamine receptors is associated with differential effects on neuronal activity, mediated by their different G protein-coupling. Consequently, activation of H1R has opposing effects on food intake to that of H3R: H1R activation suppresses food intake, while H3R activation mediates an orexigenic response. The central histaminergic system has been implicated in atypical antipsychotic-induced weight gain and has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity. It has also been demonstrated to interact with other major regulators of energy homeostasis, including the central melanocortin system and the adipose-derived hormone leptin. However, the exact mechanisms by which the histaminergic system contributes to the modification of these satiety signals remain underexplored. The present review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the central histaminergic system's role in regulating feeding and highlights unanswered questions remaining in our knowledge of the functionality of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Khouma
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Moein Minbashi Moeini
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Plamondon
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Richard
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Caron
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalie Jane Michael
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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12
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Neumann J, Hofmann B, Kirchhefer U, Dhein S, Gergs U. Function and Role of Histamine H 1 Receptor in the Mammalian Heart. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050734. [PMID: 37242517 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine can change the force of cardiac contraction and alter the beating rate in mammals, including humans. However, striking species and regional differences have been observed. Depending on the species and the cardiac region (atrium versus ventricle) studied, the contractile, chronotropic, dromotropic, and bathmotropic effects of histamine vary. Histamine is present and is produced in the mammalian heart. Thus, histamine may exert autocrine or paracrine effects in the mammalian heart. Histamine uses at least four heptahelical receptors: H1, H2, H3 and H4. Depending on the species and region studied, cardiomyocytes express only histamine H1 or only histamine H2 receptors or both. These receptors are not necessarily functional concerning contractility. We have considerable knowledge of the cardiac expression and function of histamine H2 receptors. In contrast, we have a poor understanding of the cardiac role of the histamine H1 receptor. Therefore, we address the structure, signal transduction, and expressional regulation of the histamine H1 receptor with an eye on its cardiac role. We point out signal transduction and the role of the histamine H1 receptor in various animal species. This review aims to identify gaps in our knowledge of cardiac histamine H1 receptors. We highlight where the published research shows disagreements and requires a new approach. Moreover, we show that diseases alter the expression and functional effects of histamine H1 receptors in the heart. We found that antidepressive drugs and neuroleptic drugs might act as antagonists of cardiac histamine H1 receptors, and believe that histamine H1 receptors in the heart might be attractive targets for drug therapy. The authors believe that a better understanding of the role of histamine H1 receptors in the human heart might be clinically relevant for improving drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Neumann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Magdeburger Straße 4, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany
| | - Britt Hofmann
- Herzchirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube Straße 40, 06097 Halle, Germany
| | - Uwe Kirchhefer
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Domagkstraße 12, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Dhein
- Rudolf-Boehm Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Härtelstraße 16-18, Universität Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gergs
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Magdeburger Straße 4, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany
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13
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Simon M, Heard K. Are antimuscarinic effects common in hydroxyzine overdose? A cohort analysis of antimuscarinic effects in hydroxyzine and diphenhydramine-poisoned patients. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2023; 61:379-386. [PMID: 37194685 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2023.2200575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposures to hydroxyzine, a first-generation H1 antihistamine, have increased rapidly over the last two decades. Many assumptions about hydroxyzine poisoning are based on other antihistamines, like diphenhydramine. However, the receptor affinities of hydroxazine suggest that there should be fewer antimuscarinic findings than diphenhydramine. METHODS This was a cohort study that compared hydroxyzine and diphenhydramine exposures reported to the National Poison Data System between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2020, and the Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020. The primary outcome was to assess for antimuscarinic findings in hydroxyzine-poisoned patients, using diphenhydramine-poisoned patients as a comparison group. The secondary outcomes were to assess for markers of overall toxicity. Inclusion criteria were single-substance exposures with known outcomes. Exclusion criteria for National Poison Data System exposures were chronic exposures, unintentional exposures, and patients younger than 12 years old. There were no exclusion criteria for exposures reported to the Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry. RESULTS There were 17,265 hydroxyzine and 102,354 diphenhydramine exposures reported to the National Poison Data System and 134 hydroxyzine and 1,484 diphenhydramine exposures reported to the Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry that met inclusion criteria. In both datasets, hydroxyzine-poisoned patients had lower rates and relative risk of developing antimuscarinic findings or receiving physostigmine, with the exception of hyperthermia in the Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry dataset. Coma/central nervous system depression (major), respiratory depression, seizures, ventricular dysrhythmias, intubation, and benzodiazepine administration were less likely in hydroxyzine-poisoned patients, but central nervous system depression (mild) was more likely in exposures reported to the National Poison Data System. The mortality in hydroxyzine-poisoned patients was rare: 0.02% and 0.8% of exposures reported to the National Poison Data System and Toxicologic Investigators Consortium Core Registry, respectively. DISCUSSION The clinical manifestations of hydroxyzine exposures are consistent with the pharmacology of hydroxazine. The clinical effects were consistent across two United States national datasets. Clinicians should not generalize the illness script of diphenhydramine exposures to hydroxyzine exposures. CONCLUSIONS Hydroxyzine-poisoned patients were less likely to develop antimuscarinic findings than diphenhydramine-poisoned patients. Hydroxyzine-poisoned patients were more likely to have mild central nervous system depression than an antimuscarinic toxidrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Simon
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Kennon Heard
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of CO Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
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14
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Motawi TK, El-Maraghy SA, Kamel AS, Said SE, Kortam MA. Modulation of p38 MAPK and Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and pyroptosis outline the anti-neuroinflammatory and remyelinating characters of Clemastine in EAE rat model. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115435. [PMID: 36720356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
There is vast evidence for the effect of NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome on multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Clemastine (CLM) targets NLRP3 in hypoxic brain injury and promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation. However, no previous study pointed to the link of CLM with inflammasome components in MS. Herein, the study aimed to verify the action of CLM on NLRP3 signaling in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as an MS rat model. Homogenate of spinal cord with complete Freund's adjuvant was administered on days 0 and 7 to induce EAE. Rats received either CLM (5 mg/kg/day; p.o.) or MCC950 (2.5 mg/kg/day; i.p) for 15 days starting from the first immunization day. In EAEs' brains, NLRP3 pathway components; total and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), caspase-1, interleukins 1β and -18 along with pyroptotic marker; gasdermin D (GSDMD) were upregulated. These were accompanied with diminished nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and total antioxidant capacity levels. CLM improved these perturbations as well as signs of MS; weight loss, clinical scores, and motor disorders observed in the open field, hanging wire and rotarod tests. Histopathological examinations revealed improvement in H&E abnormalities and axonal demyelination as shown by luxol fast blue stain in lumbar sections of spinal cord. These CLM's actions were studied in comparison to MCC950 as a well-established selective blocker of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Conclusively, CLM has a protective role against neuroinflammation and demyelination in EAE via its anti-inflammatory and anti-pyroptotic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek K Motawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shohda A El-Maraghy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Salma E Said
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona A Kortam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
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15
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Nano-Spray-Dried Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride with Mucoadhesive Carriers and Cyclodextrins for Nasal Administration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020317. [PMID: 36839640 PMCID: PMC9966248 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Antihistamines such as levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LC) are commercially used in oral tablets and oral drops to reduce allergic symptoms. In this study, LC was nano-spray-dried using three mucoadhesive polymers and four cyclodextrin species to form composite powders for nasal administration. The product was composed of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose polymer, including LC as a zwitterion, after neutralization by NaOH, and XRD investigations verified its amorphous state. This and a sulfobutylated-beta-cyclodextrin sodium salt-containing sample showed crystal peaks due to NaCl content as products of the neutralization reaction in the solutions before drying. The average particle size of the spherical microparticles was between 2.42 and 3.44 µm, except for those containing a polyvinyl alcohol excipient, which were characterized by a medium diameter of 29.80 µm. The drug was completely and immediately liberated from all the samples at pH 5.6 and 32 °C; i.e., the carriers did not change the good dissolution behavior of LC. A permeability test was carried out by dipping the synthetic cellulose ester membrane in isopropyl myristate using modified horizontal diffusion cells. The spray-dried powder with β-cyclodextrin showed the highest permeability (188.37 µg/cm2/h), as this additive was the least hydrophilic. Products prepared with other cyclodextrins (randomly methylated-beta-cyclodextrin, sulfobutylated-beta-cyclodextrin sodium salt and (hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin) showed similar or slightly higher penetration abilities than LC. Other polymer excipients resulted in lower penetration of the active agent than the pure LC.
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16
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Torrens I, Ganza Á, Hernández G, Gonzalo A, Zazpe A. Ocular Biodistribution of Once-Daily 0.6% Bilastine Eye Drops Reveals Highest Levels in Conjunctiva Up to 24 h Postadministration. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2022; 38:617-625. [PMID: 36269652 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2022.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Bilastine is a second-generation antihistamine that has been shown to be effective for treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and biodistribution of 0.6% bilastine preservative-free eye drops. Methods: Bilastine was quantified in the conjunctiva, cornea, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, iris/ciliary body, retina/choroid, crystalline lens, and plasma, following a single topical administration to male Dutch-belted rabbits. Results: Concentrations of bilastine were highest in the conjunctiva [Cmax: 2,545.04 ng/g, at 6 h postadministration; area under the concentration-time curve (AUCt): 11,382.40 ng·h/g] and cornea (Cmax: 609.11 ng/g, at 1 h postadministration; AUCt: 1,993.88 ng·h/g), followed by the iris/ciliary body, retina/choroid, aqueous humor, plasma, vitreous humor, and crystalline lens. Quantifiable bilastine concentrations were observed up to 24 h after instillation in the conjunctiva (388.45 ng/g), cornea (28.68 ng/g), iris/ciliary body (12.42 ng/g), retina/choroid (1.91 ng/g), and crystalline lens (0.12 ng/g). In plasma, aqueous humor, and vitreous humor, bilastine was detected up to 12 h postadministration (0.18 ng/mL, 0.40 ng/mL, and 0.32 ng/g, respectively). Conclusions: PKs and biodistribution of 0.6% bilastine eye drops in rabbits revealed a marked preferential distribution in the conjunctiva (target tissue), with sustained levels up to 24 h. These findings are consistent with clinical efficacy trials supporting once-daily administration of topical bilastine for treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Torrens
- Research, Development and Innovation Department (R&D+i Department), Faes Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Ganza
- Research, Development and Innovation Department (R&D+i Department), Faes Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Hernández
- Research, Development and Innovation Department (R&D+i Department), Faes Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ana Gonzalo
- Research, Development and Innovation Department (R&D+i Department), Faes Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Arturo Zazpe
- Research, Development and Innovation Department (R&D+i Department), Faes Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
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17
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Abstract
Urticaria is an inflammatory skin disorder that affects up to 20% of the world population at some point during their life. It presents with wheals, angioedema or both due to activation and degranulation of skin mast cells and the release of histamine and other mediators. Most cases of urticaria are acute urticaria, which lasts ≤6 weeks and can be associated with infections or intake of drugs or foods. Chronic urticaria (CU) is either spontaneous or inducible, lasts >6 weeks and persists for >1 year in most patients. CU greatly affects patient quality of life, and is linked to psychiatric comorbidities and high healthcare costs. In contrast to chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) has definite and subtype-specific triggers that induce signs and symptoms. The pathogenesis of CSU consists of several interlinked events involving autoantibodies, complement and coagulation. The diagnosis of urticaria is clinical, but several tests can be performed to exclude differential diagnoses and identify underlying causes in CSU or triggers in CIndU. Current urticaria treatment aims at complete response, with a stepwise approach using second-generation H1 antihistamines, omalizumab and cyclosporine. Novel treatment approaches centre on targeting mediators, signalling pathways and receptors of mast cells and other immune cells. Further research should focus on defining disease endotypes and their biomarkers, identifying new treatment targets and developing improved therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kolkhir
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ana M Giménez-Arnau
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kanokvalai Kulthanan
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jonny Peter
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town, Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Martin Metz
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany.
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Fukasawa T, Yoshizaki-Ogawa A, Enomoto A, Miyagawa K, Sato S, Yoshizaki A. Pharmacotherapy of Itch-Antihistamines and Histamine Receptors as G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6579. [PMID: 35743023 PMCID: PMC9223628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Itching can decrease quality of life and exacerbate skin symptoms due to scratching. Itching not only contributes to disease progression but also triggers complications such as skin infections and eye symptoms. Therefore, controlling itching is very important in therapeutic management. In addition to the well-known histamine, IL-31, IL-4 and IL-13 have recently been reported as factors that induce itching. Itching may also be caused by factors other than these histamines. However, we do not know the extent to which these factors are involved in each disease. In addition, the degree of involvement is likely to vary among individuals. To date, antihistamines have been widely used to treat itching and are often effective, suggesting that histamine is more or less involved in itchy diseases. This review discusses the ligand-receptor perspective and describes the dynamics of G protein-coupled receptors, their role as biased agonists, their role as inverse agonists, proactive antihistamine therapy, and drug selection with consideration of impaired performance and anti-PAF effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takemichi Fukasawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (T.F.); (A.Y.-O.); (S.S.)
| | - Asako Yoshizaki-Ogawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (T.F.); (A.Y.-O.); (S.S.)
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.)
| | - Kiyoshi Miyagawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.)
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (T.F.); (A.Y.-O.); (S.S.)
| | - Ayumi Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (T.F.); (A.Y.-O.); (S.S.)
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Li L, Liu R, Peng C, Chen X, Li J. Pharmacogenomics for the efficacy and side effects of antihistamines. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:993-1004. [PMID: 35538735 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antihistamines, especially H1 antihistamines, are widely used in the treatment of allergic diseases such as urticaria and allergic rhinitis, mainly for reversing elevated histamine and anti-allergic effects. Antihistamines are generally safe, but some patients experience adverse reactions, such as cardiotoxicity, central inhibition, and anticholinergic effects. There are also individual differences in antihistamine efficacy in clinical practice. The concept of individualized medicine has been deeply rooted in people's minds since it was put forward. Pharmacogenomics is the study of the role of inheritance in individual variations in drug response. In recent decades, pharmacogenomics has been developing rapidly, which provides new ideas for individualized medicine. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding metabolic enzymes, transporters, and target receptors have been shown to affect the efficacy of antihistamines. In addition, recent evidence suggests that gene polymorphisms influence urticaria susceptibility and antihistamine therapy. Here, we summarize current reports in this area, aiming to contribute to future research in antihistamines and clinical guidance for antihistamines use in individualized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Runqiu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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20
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Qian T, Li S, Chen Q, Zhang D, Song Z, Hao F. Efficacy and safety of ebastine dose escalation in chronic urticaria: A prospective study. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15386. [PMID: 35179272 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The second-generation antihistamines at licensed doses are first-line treatment in urticaria and up-dosing is recommended as second-line treatment. To assess the efficacy and safety of escalated doses of ebastine in patients with chronic urticaria (CU), we designed this study. Recruited patients with CU were treated with increasing doses of ebstine. Treatment started at the daily dose of 10 mg. The symptom is assessed weekly, and if there is no significant improvement, the dose is increased from 10 mg to 20 mg, and if still no significant improvement, up to 40 mg. Pruritus, number, diameter, duration and frequency of wheals, and adverse reactions were assessed. One hundred and forty (76.50%) patients achieved marked effect with ebastine 10 mg/day, 27 (14.75%) patients with ebastine 20 mg/day and 13 (7.10%) patients with ebastine 40 mg/day, while 3(1.64%) patients did not get marked effect. There was no significant difference of effect between factitious urticaria, CSU, cholinergic urticaria and CSU with factitious urticaria in different dose (all p > 0.05). Common adverse reactions of ebstine treatment, included dry mouth, somnolence, tiredness and headache, were mild or moderate. There was no significant difference between the degree score of dry mouth with different doses of ebastine, and the same to somnolence, tiredness and headache (all p > 0.05). Doses escalation of ebastine should be effective in treatment of factitious urticaria, CSU and cholinergic urticaria with poorly treated by standard of double doses. Increasing ebastine dose did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qian
- Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shifei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiquan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Daojun Zhang
- Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Song
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Hao
- Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Roberti A, Chaffey LE, Greaves DR. NF-κB Signaling and Inflammation-Drug Repurposing to Treat Inflammatory Disorders? BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030372. [PMID: 35336746 PMCID: PMC8945680 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Since its first description 35 years ago, the transcription factor NF-κB (nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) has been shown to be a key mediator of immune cell responses to inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and genotoxic injury. Dysregulated NF-κB signalling drives inflammation in inflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, re-establishing the appropriate regulation of NF-κB activity seems like a promising approach to treat inflammatory diseases. Current anti-inflammatory drugs have many, often serious, side effects. Thus, there is an unmet clinical need for safe and effective anti-inflammatory medicines that both decrease inflammatory mediator production and enhance endogenous anti-inflammatory and prorepair pathways. So far, traditional de novo drug discovery has fallen short of satisfying this need. Drug repurposing is a cost- and time-effective alternative to de novo drug development for the identification of novel applications and has already resulted in the identification of effective anti-inflammatories in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper we critically review NF-κB as a potential target for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs with an emphasis on drug repurposing as a strategy to identify new approaches to treat inflammatory diseases. Abstract NF-κB is a central mediator of inflammation, response to DNA damage and oxidative stress. As a result of its central role in so many important cellular processes, NF-κB dysregulation has been implicated in the pathology of important human diseases. NF-κB activation causes inappropriate inflammatory responses in diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, modulation of NF-κB signaling is being widely investigated as an approach to treat chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity and cancer. The emergence of COVID-19 in late 2019, the subsequent pandemic and the huge clinical burden of patients with life-threatening SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia led to a massive scramble to repurpose existing medicines to treat lung inflammation in a wide range of healthcare systems. These efforts continue and have proven to be controversial. Drug repurposing strategies are a promising alternative to de novo drug development, as they minimize drug development timelines and reduce the risk of failure due to unexpected side effects. Different experimental approaches have been applied to identify existing medicines which inhibit NF-κB that could be repurposed as anti-inflammatory drugs.
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22
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Redmond JS, Stang BV, Schlipf JW, Christensen JM. Pharmacokinetics of diphenhydramine following single-dose intravenous and oral administration in non-fasted adult horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2021; 45:188-195. [PMID: 34921427 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diphenhydramine is an H1 receptor antagonist used to control urticaria and other allergic signs caused by type I hypersensitivity reactions in horses (Equus caballus). Limited studies have been conducted on pharmacokinetics of this drug in horses, with no studies involving oral formulations. Our study investigated pharmacokinetics of an oral diphenhydramine formulation compared to intravenous administration in non-fasted adult horses. Six healthy horses underwent a single administration of three different doses of diphenhydramine (1 mg/kg intravenously, 1 mg/kg intragastrically, and 5 mg/kg intragastrically) with a two-week washout period between doses. Bioavailability of intragastric diphenhydramine was less than one percent and six percent for 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg intragastric doses, respectively. This poor bioavailability is similar to what is reported in dogs. Two of six horses experienced transient side effects after intravenous diphenhydramine administration, emphasizing the need for determining therapeutic plasma levels in efforts to determine the lowest effective dose minimizing risk of adverse effects. The main conclusion of our study was that oral diphenhydramine at doses up to 5 mg/kg are unlikely to achieve therapeutic plasma levels in adult horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy S Redmond
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Bernadette V Stang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - John W Schlipf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Caron A, Jane Michael N. New Horizons: Is Obesity a Disorder of Neurotransmission? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4872-e4886. [PMID: 34117881 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a disease of the nervous system. While some will view this statement as provocative, others will take it as obvious. Whatever our side is, the pharmacology tells us that targeting the nervous system works for promoting weight loss. It works, but at what cost? Is the nervous system a safe target for sustainable treatment of obesity? What have we learned-and unlearned-about the central control of energy balance in the last few years? Herein we provide a thought-provoking exploration of obesity as a disorder of neurotransmission. We discuss the state of knowledge on the brain pathways regulating energy homeostasis that are commonly targeted in anti-obesity therapy and explore how medications affecting neurotransmission such as atypical antipsychotics, antidepressants, and antihistamines relate to body weight. Our goal is to provide the endocrine community with a conceptual framework that will help expending our understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity, a disease of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Caron
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalie Jane Michael
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Clemastine improves electrophysiologic and histomorphometric changes through promoting myelin repair in a murine model of compression neuropathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20886. [PMID: 34686718 PMCID: PMC8536687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compression neuropathies are common and debilitating conditions that result in variable functional recovery after surgical decompression. Recent drug repurposing studies have verified that clemastine promotes functional recovery through enhancement of myelin repair in demyelinating disease. We investigated the utility of clemastine as a treatment for compression neuropathy using a validated murine model of compression neuropathy encircling the compression tube around the sciatic nerve. Mice received PBS or clemastine solution for 6 weeks of compression phase. Mice taken surgical decompression received PBS or clemastine solution for 2 weeks of decompression phase. Electrodiagnostic, histomorphometric, and Western immunoblotting analyses were performed to verify the effects of clemastine. During the compression phase, mice treated with clemastine had significantly decreased latency and increased amplitude compared to untreated mice that received PBS. Histomorphometric analyses revealed that mice treated with clemastine had significantly higher proportions of myelinated axons, thicker myelin, and a lower G-ratio. The expression levels of myelin proteins, including myelin protein zero and myelin associated glycoprotein, were higher in mice treated with clemastine. However, the electrophysiologic and histomorphometric improvements were observed regardless of clemastine treatment in mice taken surgical decompression. Mice treated with clemastine during compression of the sciatic nerve demonstrated that clemastine treatment attenuated electrophysiologic and histomorphometric changes caused by compression through promoting myelin repair.
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25
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Yanai K, Yoshikawa T, Church MK. Efficacy and Safety of Non-brain Penetrating H 1-Antihistamines for the Treatment of Allergic Diseases. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 59:193-214. [PMID: 34622396 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
H1 receptor antagonists, known as H1-antihistamines (AHs), inactivate the histamine H1-receptor thereby preventing histamine causing the primary symptoms of allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, pollinosis, food allergies, and urticaria. AHs, which are classified into first-generation (fgAHs) and second-generation (sgAHs) antihistamines, are the first line of treatment for allergic diseases. Although fgAHs are effective, they cause adverse reactions such as potent sedating effects, including drowsiness, lassitude, and cognitive impairment; anticholinergic effects, including thirst and tachycardia. Consequently, the use of fgAHs is not recommended for allergic diseases. Today, sgAHs, which are minimally sedating and, therefore, may be used at more effective doses, are the first-line treatment for alleviating the symptoms of allergic diseases. Pharmacologically, the use of sedating fgAHs is limited to antiemetics, anti-motion sickness drugs, and antivertigo drugs. The use of histamine H1-receptor occupancy (H1RO) based on positron emission tomography (PET) has been developed for the evaluation of brain penetrability. Based on the results of the H1RO-PET studies, non-brain-penetrating AHs (nbpAHs) have recently been reclassified among sgAHs. The nbpAHs are rapidly acting and exhibit minimal adverse reactions and, thus, are considered first-line drugs for allergic diseases. In this review, we will introduce recent topics on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of AHs and make recommendations for the use of nbpAHs as first-line treatment options for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yanai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. .,Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center (CYRIC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Martin K Church
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charitè-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Dully M, Ceresnakova M, Murray D, Soulimane T, Hudson SP. Lipid Cubic Systems for Sustained and Controlled Delivery of Antihistamine Drugs. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3777-3794. [PMID: 34547899 PMCID: PMC8493555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Antihistamines are capable of blocking mediator responses in allergic reactions including allergic rhinitis and dermatological reactions. By incorporating various H1 receptor antagonists into a lipid cubic phase network, these active ingredients can be delivered locally over an extended period of time owing to the mucoadhesive nature of the system. Local delivery can avoid inducing unwanted side effects, often observed after systematic delivery. Lipid-based antihistamine delivery systems are shown here to exhibit prolonged release capabilities. In vitro drug dissolution studies investigated the extent and release rate of two model first-generation and two model second-generation H1 antagonist antihistamine drugs from two monoacyglycerol-derived lipid models. To optimize the formulation approach, the systems were characterized macroscopically and microscopically by small-angle X-ray scattering and polarized light to ascertain the mesophase accessed upon an incorporation of antihistamines of varying solubilities and size. The impact of encapsulating the antihistamine molecules on the degree of mucoadhesivity of the lipid cubic systems was investigated using multiparametric surface plasmon resonance. With the ultimate goal of developing therapies for the treatment of allergic reactions, the ability of the formulations to inhibit mediator release utilizing RBL-2H3 mast cells with the propensity to release histamine upon induction was explored, demonstrating no interference from the lipid excipient on the effectiveness of the antihistamine molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Dully
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, the Science Foundation Ireland Research
Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy,
Co. Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Miriama Ceresnakova
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, the Science Foundation Ireland Research
Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy,
Co. Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - David Murray
- COOK
Ireland Limited, O’Halloran
Rd, Castletroy, Co. Limerick V94 N8X2, Ireland
| | - Tewfik Soulimane
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, the Science Foundation Ireland Research
Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy,
Co. Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Sarah P. Hudson
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, the Science Foundation Ireland Research
Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy,
Co. Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
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27
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Mizuguchi H, Kitamura Y, Takeda N, Fukui H. Molecular Signaling and Transcriptional Regulation of Histamine H 1 Receptor Gene. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 59:91-110. [PMID: 34595742 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Histamine-activated histamine H1 receptor (H1R) signaling regulates many gene expressions, mainly through the protein kinase C (PKC)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) signaling. Involvement of other signaling, including NF-κB, Wnt, RUNX-2, and Rho A signaling was also demonstrated. In addition, cAMP production through the activation of H1R signaling was reported. H1R gene itself is also up-regulated by the activation of H1R signaling with histamine. Here, we review our recent findings in the molecular signaling and transcriptional regulation of the H1R gene. Stimulation with histamine up-regulates H1R gene expression through the activation of H1R in HeLa cells. The PKCδ/ERK/poly(ADP)ribosyl transferase-1 (PARP-1) signaling was involved in this up-regulation. Heat shock protein 90 also plays an important role in regulating PKCδ translocation. Promoter analyses revealed the existence of two promoters in the human H1R gene in HeLa cells. H1R-activated H1R gene up-regulation in response to histamine was also observed in U373 astroglioma cells. However, this up-regulation was mediated not through the PKCδ signaling but possibly through the PKCα signaling. In addition, the promoter region responsible for histamine-induced H1R gene transcription in U373 cells was different from that of HeLa cells. These findings suggest that the molecular signaling and transcriptional regulation of the H1R gene are different between neuronal cells and non-neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Kitamura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Takeda
- Department of Otolaryngology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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Falkenstein M, Elek M, Stark H. Chemical Probes for Histamine Receptor Subtypes. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 59:29-76. [PMID: 34595743 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ligands with different properties and different selectivity are highly needed for in vitro and in vivo studies on the (patho)physiological influence of the chemical mediator histamine and its receptor subtypes. A selection of well-described ligands for the different receptor subtypes and different studies is shown with a particular focus on affinity and selectivity. In addition, compounds with radioactive or fluorescence elements will be presented with their beneficial use for other species or different investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Falkenstein
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Milica Elek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Signaling Pathway of Histamine H 1 Receptor-Mediated Histamine H 1 Receptor Gene Upregulation Induced by Histamine in U-373 MG Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1243-1254. [PMID: 34698097 PMCID: PMC8929123 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine H1 receptor (H1R) is one of the targets of histamine in the nervous system and the peripheral tissues. Protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ) signaling is involved in histamine-induced upregulation of H1R gene expression in HeLa cells. Histamine also upregulates H1R gene expression in U-373 MG cells. However, the molecular signaling of this upregulation is still unclear. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of histamine-induced H1R gene upregulation in U-373 MG cells. Histamine-induced H1R gene upregulation was inhibited by H1R antagonist d-chlorpheniramine, but not by ranitidine, ciproxifan, or JNJ77777120, and H2R, H3R, or H4R antagonists, respectively. Ro-31-8220 and Go6976 also suppressed this upregulation, however, the PKCδ selective inhibitor rottlerin and the PKCβ selective inhibitor Ly333531 did not. Time-course studies showed distinct kinetics of H1R gene upregulation in U-373 MG cells from that in HeLa cells. A promoter assay revealed that the promoter region responsible for H1R gene upregulation in U-373 MG cells was different from that of HeLa cells. These data suggest that the H1R-activated H1R gene expression signaling pathway in U-373 MG cells is different from that in HeLa cells, possibly by using different promoters. The involvement of PKCα also suggests that compounds that target PKCδ could work as peripheral type H1R-selective inhibitors without a sedative effect.
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Meng S, Sun X, Juan Z, Wang M, Wang R, Sun L, Li Y, Xin A, Li S, Li Y. Clemastine Fumarate Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibition of Mast Cell Degranulation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:704852. [PMID: 34512339 PMCID: PMC8430029 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.704852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cell (MC) activation is associated with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). Suppression of MC degranulation might be a target of anti-MIRI. This study aimed to determine whether clemastine fumarate (CLE) could attenuate MIRI by inhibiting MC degranulation. A rat ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. Compound 48/80 (C48/80) was used to promote MC degranulation. The protective effect of CLE by inhibiting MC degranulation on I/R injury was detected by cardiac function, 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, arrhythmia, and myocardial enzyme detection. Inflammatory factor mRNA levels, such as TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, were detected. Cultured RBL-2H3 mast cells were pretreated with CLE and subjected to C48/80 treatment to determine whether CLE suppressed MC degranulation. Degranulation of MCs was visualized using tryptase release, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), and cell toluidine blue (TB) staining. RBL cells were conditionally cultured with H9C2 cells to explore whether CLE could reverse the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes induced by MC degranulation. Apoptosis of H9C2 cells was detected by CCK-8, the LDH Cytotoxicity Assay Kit (LDH), TUNEL staining, and protein expression of BAX and Bcl-2. We found that CLE pretreatment further inhibited cardiac injury manifested by decreased infarct size, histopathological changes, arrhythmias, MC degranulation, and myocardial enzyme levels, improving cardiac function compared with that in the I/R group. C48/80 combined with I/R exacerbated these changes. However, pretreatment with CLE for C48/80 combined with I/R significantly reversed these injuries. In addition, CLE pretreatment improved the vitality of RBL cells and reduced tryptase release in vitro. Similarly, the supernatant of RBL cells pretreated with CLE decreased the cytotoxicity, TUNEL-positive cell rate, and BAX expression of conditioned H9C2 cells and increased the cell vitality and expression of Bcl-2. These results suggested that pretreatment with CLE confers protection against I/R injury by inhibiting MC degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Meng
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhaodong Juan
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Mingling Wang
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ruoguo Wang
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yaozu Li
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Anran Xin
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shuping Li
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yao Li
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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The Histamine and Multiple Sclerosis Alliance: Pleiotropic Actions and Functional Validation. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 59:217-239. [PMID: 34432258 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease with a resilient inflammatory component caused by accumulation into the CNS of inflammatory infiltrates and macrophage/microglia contributing to severe demyelination and neurodegeneration. While the causes are still in part unclear, key pathogenic mechanisms are the direct loss of myelin-producing cells and/or their impairment caused by the immune system. Proposed etiology includes genetic and environmental factors triggered by viral infections. Although several diagnostic methods and new treatments are under development, there is no curative but only palliative care against the relapsing-remitting or progressive forms of MS. In recent times, there has been a boost of awareness on the role of histamine signaling in physiological and pathological functions of the nervous system. Particularly in MS, evidence is raising that histamine might be directly implicated in the disease by acting at different cellular and molecular levels. For instance, constitutively active histamine regulates the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursors, thus playing a central role in the remyelination process; histamine reduces the ability of myelin-autoreactive T cells to adhere to inflamed brain vessels, a crucial step in the development of MS; histamine levels are found increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients. The aim of the present work is to present further proofs about the alliance of histamine with MS and to introduce the most recent and innovative histamine paradigms for therapy. We will report on how a long-standing molecule with previously recognized immunomodulatory and neuroprotective functions, histamine, might still provide a renewed and far-reaching role in MS.
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Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Itch (CKD-aI) in Children-A Narrative Review. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13070450. [PMID: 34209560 PMCID: PMC8309841 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition of widespread epidemiology and serious consequences affecting all organs of the organism and associated with significant mortality. The knowledge on CKD is rapidly evolving, especially concerning adults. Recently, more data is also appearing regarding CKD in children. Chronic itch (CI) is a common symptom appearing due to various underlying dermatological and systemic conditions. CI may also appear in association with CKD and is termed chronic kidney disease-associated itch (CKD-aI). CKD-aI is relatively well-described in the literature concerning adults, yet it also affects children. Unfortunately, the data on paediatric CKD-aI is particularly scarce. This narrative review aims to describe various aspects of CKD-aI with an emphasis on children, based on the available data in this population and the data extrapolated from adults. Its pathogenesis is described in details, focusing on the growing role of uraemic toxins (UTs), as well as immune dysfunction, altered opioid transmission, infectious agents, xerosis, neuropathy and dialysis-associated aspects. Moreover, epidemiological and clinical aspects are reviewed based on the few data on CKD-aI in children, whereas treatment recommendations are proposed as well, based on the literature on CKD-aI in adults and own experience in managing CI in children.
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Charitos IA, Castellaneta F, Santacroce L, Bottalico L. Historical Anecdotes and Breakthroughs of Histamine: From Discovery to Date. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:801-814. [PMID: 32727338 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200729150124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Investigating about the history of allergies and discovery of the histamine's role in the immune response through historical references, starting with ancient anecdotes, analysing the first immunization attempts on animals to understand its importance as the anaphylaxis mediator. Moreover, we shortly resume the most recent discoveries on mast cell role in allergic diseases throughout the latest updates on its antibody-independent receptors. METHODS Publications, including reviews, treatment guidelines, historical and medical books, on the topic of interest were found on Medline, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Elsevier's (EMBASE.comvarious internet museum archives. Texts from the National Library of Greece (Stavros Niarchos Foundation), from the School of Health Sciences of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (Greece). We selected key articles which could provide ahistorical and scientific insight into histamine molecule and its mechanism of action's discovery starting with Egyptian, Greek and Chinese antiquity to end with the more recent pharmacological and molecular discoveries. RESULTS Allergic diseases were described by medicine since ancient times, without exactly understanding the physio-pathologic mechanisms of immuno-mediated reactions and of their most important biochemical mediator, histamine. Researches on histamine and allergic mechanisms started at the beginning of the 20th century with the first experimental observations on animals of anaphylactic reactions. Histamine was then identified as their major mediator of many allergic diseases and anaphylaxis, but also of several physiologic body's functions, and its four receptors were characterized. Modern researches focus their attention on the fundamental role of the antibody-independent receptors of mast cells in allergic mechanisms, such as MRGPRX2, ADGRE2 and IL-33 receptor. CONCLUSION New research should investigate how to modulate immunity cells activity in order to better investigate possible multi-target therapies for host's benefits in preclinical and clinical studies on allergic diseases in which mast cells play a major role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Charitos
- CEDICLO - Interdepartmental Research Center for Pre-Latin, Latin and Oriental Rights and Culture Studies, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Santacroce
- CEDICLO - Interdepartmental Research Center for Pre-Latin, Latin and Oriental Rights and Culture Studies, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- CEDICLO - Interdepartmental Research Center for Pre-Latin, Latin and Oriental Rights and Culture Studies, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Rahim NA, Jantan I, Said MM, Jalil J, Abd Razak AF, Husain K. Anti-Allergic Rhinitis Effects of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Metabolites via Suppression of the Immune System: A Mechanistic Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:660083. [PMID: 33927634 PMCID: PMC8076953 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.660083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa and it is an immunoglobulin E-mediated disease. The incidence and prevalence of AR globally have been escalating over recent years. Antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, decongestants, intranasal anticholinergics, intranasal cromolyn, leukotriene receptor antagonists and immunotherapy have been used in the treatment of AR. However, there is a need to search for more effective and safer remedies as many of the current treatments have reported side effects. Medicinal plants have been used traditionally to relief symptoms of AR but their efficacy and safety have not been scientifically proven. In this review, up-to-date reports of studies on the anti-allergic rhinitis of several medicinal plants and their bioactive metabolites through suppression of the immune system are compiled and critically analyzed. The plant samples were reported to suppress the productions of immunoglobulin E, cytokines and eosinophils and inhibit histamine release. The suppression of cytokines production was found to be the main mechanistic effect of the plants to give symptomatic relief. The prospect of these medicinal plants as sources of lead molecules for development of therapeutic agents to treat AR is highlighted. Several bioactive metabolites of the plants including shikonin, okicamelliaside, warifteine, methylwarifteine, luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, tussilagone, petasin, and mangiferin have been identified as potential candidates for development into anti-allergic rhinitis agents. The data collection was mainly from English language articles published in journals, or studies from EBSCOHOST, Medline and Ovid, Scopus, Springer, and Google Scholar databases from the year 1985-2020. The terms or keywords used to find relevant studies were allergic rhinitis OR pollinosis OR hay fever, AND medicinal plant OR single plant OR single herb OR phytotherapy. This comprehensive review serves as a useful resource for medicinal plants with anti-allergic rhinitis potential, understanding the underlying mechanisms of action and for future exploration to find natural product candidates in the development of novel anti-allergic rhinitis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amira Rahim
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Mazlina Mohd Said
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amirul Faiz Abd Razak
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairana Husain
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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35
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Cingi C, Bayar Muluk N, Mitsias DI, Papadopoulos NG, Klimek L, Laulajainen-Hongisto A, Hytönen M, Toppila-Salmi SK, Scadding GK. The Nose as a Route for Therapy: Part 1. Pharmacotherapy. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2021; 2:638136. [PMID: 35387039 PMCID: PMC8974766 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.638136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews nasal structure and function in the light of intranasal pharmacotherapy. The nose provides an accessible, fast route for local treatment of nose and sinus diseases, with lower doses than are necessary systemically and few adverse effects. It can also be used for other medications as it has sufficient surface area protected from local damage by mucociliary clearance, absence of digestive enzymes, responsive blood flow, and provides a rapid route to the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Cingi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Nuray Bayar Muluk
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Dimitrios I Mitsias
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos G Papadopoulos
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Centre for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Anu Laulajainen-Hongisto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Hytönen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Katriina Toppila-Salmi
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, The Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Glenis Kathleen Scadding
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Fritz I, Wagner P, Olsson H. Improved survival in several cancers with use of H 1-antihistamines desloratadine and loratadine. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101029. [PMID: 33550204 PMCID: PMC7868613 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Improved cancer survival with use of antihistamines desloratadine and loratadine. Improved survival seen in tumors that respond to immune checkpoint therapy. A – potentially immunological – anti-tumor effect of desloratadine and loratadine.
Background We have previously shown an association with substantially improved survival in breast cancer and melanoma for desloratadine and loratadine users, and set out to find whether an improved survival can be seen in tumors with and without a known response to immune checkpoint therapy, such as anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1. Methods We investigated survival and use of six common H1-antihistamines (cetirizine, clemastine, desloratadine, ebastine, fexofenadine and loratadine) in a nation-wide cohort of all 429,198 Swedish patients with ten types of immunogenic (gastric, colorectal/anal, pancreatic, lung, breast, prostate, kidney, and bladder cancer, melanoma and Hodgkin lymphoma) and six non-immunogenic (liver, uterine, ovarian, brain/CNS, and thyroid cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) tumors diagnosed 2006–2017. Follow-up was until 2019–02–24. Findings Desloratadine use was associated with an improved survival for all immunogenic tumors, but not for the non-immunogenic ones. Loratadine use was associated with improved survival for some tumors. Use of the other antihistamines could not be shown to be consistently associated with improved survival to a statistically significant degree. Interpretation Our hypothesis is that our findings result from immune checkpoint inhibition, and we believe both desloratadine and loratadine should be tested in randomized clinical trials as treatment of immunogenic tumors, with priority given to trials of desloratadine as treatment of tumors with few therapy options and dismal prognoses, such as pancreatic cancer. If our results can be confirmed in a clinical setting, new, potentially curative, therapies could result for several tumors, including ones with dire prognoses and limited treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Fritz
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Philippe Wagner
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Oncology and Pathology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Mousaei M, Kudaibergenova M, MacKerell AD, Noskov S. Assessing hERG1 Blockade from Bayesian Machine-Learning-Optimized Site Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:6489-6501. [PMID: 33196188 PMCID: PMC7839320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is a potentially lethal and yet one of the most common side effects with the drugs in clinical use. Most of the drug-induced cardiotoxicity is associated with an off-target pharmacological blockade of K+ currents carried out by the cardiac Human-Ether-a-go-go-Related (hERG1) potassium channel. There is a compulsory preclinical stage safety assessment for the hERG1 blockade for all classes of drugs, which adds substantially to the cost of drug development. The availability of a high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure for the channel in its open/depolarized state solved in 2017 enabled the application of molecular modeling for rapid assessment of drug blockade by molecular docking and simulation techniques. More importantly, if successful, in silico methods may allow a path to lead-compound salvaging by mapping out key block determinants. Here, we report the blind application of the site identification by the ligand competitive saturation (SILCS) protocol to map out druggable/regulatory hotspots in the hERG1 channel available for blockers and activators. The SILCS simulations use small solutes representative of common functional groups to sample the chemical space for the entire protein and its environment using all-atom simulations. The resulting chemical maps, FragMaps, explicitly account for receptor flexibility, protein-fragment interactions, and fragment desolvation penalty allowing for rapid ranking of potential ligands as blockers or nonblockers of hERG1. To illustrate the power of the approach, SILCS was applied to a test set of 55 blockers with diverse chemical scaffolds and pIC50 values measured under uniform conditions. The original SILCS model was based on the all-atom modeling of the hERG1 channel in an explicit lipid bilayer and was further augmented with a Bayesian-optimization/machine-learning (BML) stage employing an independent literature-derived training set of 163 molecules. BML approach was used to determine weighting factors for the FragMaps contributions to the scoring function. pIC50 predictions from the combined SILCS/BML approach to the 55 blockers showed a Pearson correlation (PC) coefficient of >0.535 relative to the experimental data. SILCS/BML model was shown to yield substantially improved performance as compared to commonly used rigid and flexible molecular docking methods for a well-established cohort of hERG1 blockers, where no correlation with experimental data was recorded. SILCS/BML results also suggest that a proper weighting of protonation states of common blockers present at physiological pH is essential for accurate predictions of blocker potency. The precalculated and optimized SILCS FragMaps can now be used for the rapid screening of small molecules for their cardiotoxic potential as well as for exploring alternative binding pockets in the hERG1 channel with applications to the rational design of activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mousaei
- Centre for Molecular Simulation, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Meruyert Kudaibergenova
- Centre for Molecular Simulation, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Alexander D. MacKerell
- Computer-Aided Drug Design Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Sergei Noskov
- Centre for Molecular Simulation, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Türk M, Yılmaz İ, Nazik Bahçecioğlu S, Can P, Ertaş R, Kartal D, Çınar SL, Kocatürk E. Effectiveness of as-needed antihistamines in chronic spontaneous urticaria patients under omalizumab treatment. Dermatol Ther 2020; 34:e14543. [PMID: 33190334 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The question how second-generation antihistamines (sgAHs) should be used when chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is under control with omalizumab is still unanswered. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of as-needed sgAHs in patients with well-controlled urticaria under omalizumab treatment. Patients from four different urticaria centers who were treated with omalizumab 300 mg/4 weeks for at least 3 months, had well-controlled urticaria (Urticaria Control Test: 16 > UCT≥12) and were using sgAHs only if needed, were included in this study. In order to assess effectiveness of sgAHs, change in the itch, hives, and total itch-hives scores before and after sgAHs were evaluated using modified urticaria activity score-twice daily. Fifty-three patients [38 female (71.7%)] with mean age 41.1 ± 11.4 years were included in this study. Median sgAH intake per patient throughout the 4 week-intervals was 3 (2-5) tablets. sgAH intake decreased itch, hives and total itch-hives scores 45.7% ± 52.9, 42.4% ± 39.1, and 50.2% ± 51.1, respectively (P < .001 for all). This decrease was similar in both isolated-urticaria and urticaria-and-angioedema phenotypes. Baseline IgE levels were positively correlated with the decrease of three symptom scores (r = 0.31, P = .05; r = 0.375, P = .017; r = 0.31, P = .05, respectively) that showed in patients with higher baseline total IgE levels, as needed sgAH intake decreased the symptom scores less. Our study showed that sgAHs may still be an effective option for the treatment of the intermittent symptoms in patients with well-controlled urticaria under omalizumab treatment. Baseline total IgE levels may be used as a potential biomarker for sgAH effectiveness in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Türk
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Chest Diseases, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.,Clinic of Immunological and Allergic Diseases, Kayseri Training and Research Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - İnsu Yılmaz
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Chest Diseases, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sakine Nazik Bahçecioğlu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Chest Diseases, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Pelin Can
- Department of Dermatology, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ragıp Ertaş
- Clinic of Dermatology, Kayseri Training and Research Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Demet Kartal
- Department of Dermatology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Salih Levent Çınar
- Department of Dermatology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emek Kocatürk
- Department of Dermatology, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Dermatology, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article presents an update on the clinical pharmacology, mechanisms of action, and safety of second generation antihistamines (SGAHs). RECENT FINDINGS Recent research has shown the efficacy and good tolerance of SGAHs supporting its indication as first line medications for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria. SUMMARY The information contained in this review is relevant for the correct utilization of SGAHs by practicing physicians who take care of these highly prevalent clinical disorders.
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Banoth S, Tangutur AD, Anthappagudem A, Ramaiah J, Bhukya B. Cloning and in vivo metabolizing activity study of CYP3A4 on amiodarone drug residues: A possible probiotic and therapeutic option. Pharmacotherapy 2020; 127:110128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Song WJ, Choi M, Lee DH, Kwon JW, Kim GW, Kim MH, Kim MA, Kim MH, Kim BK, Kim S, Kim JS, Kim JE, Kim JY, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim HB, Roh JY, Park KH, Park KY, Park HK, Park H, Bae JM, Byun JY, Song DJ, Ahn YM, Lee SE, Lee YB, Lee JS, Lee JH, Lim KH, Ye YM, Chang YS, Jeon YH, Jeon J, Jue MS, Choi SH, Choi JH, Hur GY, Park YM, Lim DH, Youn SW. The KAAACI/KDA Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines for Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria in Korean Adults and Children: Part 1. Definition, Methodology and First-line Management. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020; 12:563-578. [PMID: 32400125 PMCID: PMC7224993 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.4.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is defined as the occurrence of spontaneous wheals, angioedema, or both for >6 weeks in the absence of specific causes. It is a common condition associated with substantial disease burden both for affected individuals and societies in many countries, including Korea. CSU frequently persists for several years and requires high-intensity treatment; therefore, patients experience deteriorations in quality of life and medication-associated complications. During the last decade, there have been major advances in the pharmacological treatment of CSU and there is an outstanding need for evidence-based guidelines that reflect clinical practice in Korea. The guidelines reported here represent a joint initiative of the Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the Korean Dermatological Association, and aim to provide evidence-based guidance for the management of CSU in Korean adults and children. In Part 1, disease definition, guideline scope and development methodology as well as evidence-based recommendations on the use of antihistamines and corticosteroids are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jung Song
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mira Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Ilsan, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Gun Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Carollo General Hospital, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Myung Hwa Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Mi Ae Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Min Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Keun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sujeong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Joung Soo Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Joo Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Young Roh
- Department of Dermatology, Gachon University School of Medicine Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Park
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Ki Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyunsun Park
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Min Bae
- Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Byun
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Jin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Young Bok Lee
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong Sun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Young Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - You Hoon Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Jiehyun Jeon
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mihn Sook Jue
- Department of Dermatology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Choi
- Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Gyu Young Hur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Sang Woong Youn
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
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Cevikbas F, Lerner EA. Physiology and Pathophysiology of Itch. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:945-982. [PMID: 31869278 PMCID: PMC7474262 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00017.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Itch is a topic to which everyone can relate. The physiological roles of itch are increasingly understood and appreciated. The pathophysiological consequences of itch impact quality of life as much as pain. These dynamics have led to increasingly deep dives into the mechanisms that underlie and contribute to the sensation of itch. When the prior review on the physiology of itching was published in this journal in 1941, itch was a black box of interest to a small number of neuroscientists and dermatologists. Itch is now appreciated as a complex and colorful Rubik's cube. Acute and chronic itch are being carefully scratched apart and reassembled by puzzle solvers across the biomedical spectrum. New mediators are being identified. Mechanisms blur boundaries of the circuitry that blend neuroscience and immunology. Measures involve psychophysics and behavioral psychology. The efforts associated with these approaches are positively impacting the care of itchy patients. There is now the potential to markedly alleviate chronic itch, a condition that does not end life, but often ruins it. We review the itch field and provide a current understanding of the pathophysiology of itch. Itch is a disease, not only a symptom of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferda Cevikbas
- Dermira, Inc., Menlo Park, California; and Harvard Medical School and the Cutaneous Biology Research Center at Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Ethan A Lerner
- Dermira, Inc., Menlo Park, California; and Harvard Medical School and the Cutaneous Biology Research Center at Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
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Distinct binding of cetirizine enantiomers to human serum albumin and the human histamine receptor H 1. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2020; 34:1045-1062. [PMID: 32572668 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-020-00328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cetirizine, a major metabolite of hydroxyzine, became a marketed second-generation H1 antihistamine that is orally active and has a rapid onset of action, long duration of effects and a very good safety record at recommended doses. The approved drug is a racemic mixture of (S)-cetirizine and (R)-cetirizine, the latter being the levorotary enantiomer that also exists in the market as a third-generation, non-sedating and highly selective antihistamine. Both enantiomers bind tightly to the human histamine H1 receptor (hH1R) and behave as inverse agonists but the affinity and residence time of (R)-cetirizine are greater than those of (S)-cetirizine. In blood plasma, cetirizine exists in the zwitterionic form and more than 90% of the circulating drug is bound to human serum albumin (HSA), which acts as an inactive reservoir. Independent X-ray crystallographic work has solved the structure of the hH1R:doxepin complex and has identified two drug-binding sites for cetirizine on equine serum albumin (ESA). Given this background, we decided to model a membrane-embedded hH1R in complex with either (R)- or (S)-cetirizine and also the complexes of both ESA and HSA with these two enantiomeric drugs to analyze possible differences in binding modes between enantiomers and also among targets. The ensuing molecular dynamics simulations in explicit solvent and additional computational chemistry calculations provided structural and energetic information about all of these complexes that is normally beyond current experimental possibilities. Overall, we found very good agreement between our binding energy estimates and extant biochemical and pharmacological evidence. A much higher degree of solvent exposure in the cetirizine-binding site(s) of HSA and ESA relative to the more occluded orthosteric binding site in hH1R is translated into larger positional fluctuations and considerably lower affinities for these two nonspecific targets. Whereas it is demonstrated that the two known pockets in ESA provide enough stability for cetirizine binding, only one such site does so in HSA due to a number of amino acid replacements. At the histamine-binding site in hH1R, the distinct interactions established between the phenyl and chlorophenyl moieties of the two enantiomers with the amino acids lining up the pocket and between their free carboxylates and Lys179 in the second extracellular loop account for the improved pharmacological profile of (R)-cetirizine.
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Mizuguchi H, Wakugawa T, Sadakata H, Kamimura S, Takemoto M, Nakagawa T, Yabumoto M, Kitamura Y, Takeda N, Fukui H. Elucidation of Inverse Agonist Activity of Bilastine. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E525. [PMID: 32521742 PMCID: PMC7355758 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
H1-antihistamines antagonize histamine and prevent it from binding to the histamine H1 receptor (H1R). Some of them also act as inverse agonists, which are more potent than pure antagonists because they suppress the constitutive H1R activity. Bilastine is a non-sedative antihistamine which is one of the most satisfy the requirements for oral antihistamines. However, there is no information to show the inverse agonist activity of bilastine including inositol phosphates accumulation, and its inverse agonist activity is yet to be elucidated. Here we evaluated whether bilastine has inverse agonist activity or not. Intracellular calcium concentration was measured using Fluo-8. Inositol phosphates accumulation was assayed using [3H]myo-inositol. The H1R mRNA level was measured using real-time RT-PCR. At rest, Ca2+ oscillation was observed, indicating that H1R has intrinsic activity. Bilastine attenuated this fluorescence oscillation. Bilastine suppressed the increase in IPs formation in a dose-dependent manner and it was about 80% of the control level at the dose of 3 μM. Bilastine also suppressed histamine-induced increase in IPs formation to the control level. Furthermore, bilastine suppressed basal H1R gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. Data suggest that bilastine is an inverse agonist. Preseasonal prophylactic administration with bilastine could down-regulate basal H1R gene expression in the nasal mucosa and ameliorate the nasal symptoms during the peak pollen period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan; (M.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Tomoharu Wakugawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan;
| | | | - Seiichiro Kamimura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.K.); (N.T.); (H.F.)
| | - Mai Takemoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan; (M.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Tomomi Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan; (M.T.); (T.N.)
| | | | - Yoshiaki Kitamura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.K.); (N.T.); (H.F.)
| | - Noriaki Takeda
- Department of Otolaryngology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.K.); (N.T.); (H.F.)
| | - Hiroyuki Fukui
- Department of Otolaryngology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.K.); (N.T.); (H.F.)
- Medical Corporation Kinshukai, Osaka 558-0011, Japan;
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Hossenbaccus L, Linton S, Garvey S, Ellis AK. Towards definitive management of allergic rhinitis: best use of new and established therapies. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 16:39. [PMID: 32508939 PMCID: PMC7251701 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-020-00436-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa impacting up to 25% of Canadians. The standard of care for AR includes a treatment plan that takes into account patient preferences, the severity of the disease, and most essentially involves a shared decision-making process between patient and provider. BODY Since their introduction in the 1940s, antihistamines (AHs) have been the most utilized class of medications for the treatment of AR. First-generation AHs are associated with adverse central nervous system (CNS) and anticholinergic side effects. On the market in the 1980s, newer generation AHs have improved safety and efficacy. Compared to antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) have significantly greater efficacy but longer onset of action. Intranasal AH and INCS combinations offer a single medication option that offers broader disease coverage and faster symptom control. However, cost and twice-per-day dosing remain a major limitation. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying option and can be provided through subcutaneous (SCIT) or sublingual (SLIT) routes. While SCIT has been the definitive management option for many years, SLIT tablets (SLIT-T) have also been proven to be safe and efficacious. CONCLUSION There is a range of available treatment options for AR that reflect the varying disease length and severity. For mild to moderate AR, newer generation AHs should be the first-line treatment, while INCS are mainstay treatments for moderate to severe AR. In patients who do not respond to INCS, a combination of intranasal AH/INCS (AZE/FP) should be considered, assuming that cost is not a limiting factor. While SCIT remains the option with the most available allergens that can be targeted, it has the potential for severe systemic adverse effects and requires weekly visits for administration during the first 4 to 6 months. SLIT-T is a newer approach that provides the ease of being self-administered and presents a reduced risk for systemic reactions. In any case, standard care for AR includes a treatment plan that takes into account disease severity and patient preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubnaa Hossenbaccus
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston General Health Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Sophia Linton
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston General Health Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Sarah Garvey
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston General Health Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Anne K. Ellis
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston General Health Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
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He H, Hou Y, Wei D, Che D, Wang C, Hu T, Wang N, He L. HMF causes anaphylactic symptoms by acting as a H 1 receptor agonist. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:114008. [PMID: 32360308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) can readily form by acid-catalyzed transformations of various sugars such as fructose, sucrose and to a lesser degree glucose, and is known to widely exist in various sugar-containing consumer products. Thus the potential health effect of HMF has been a subject of intensive studies. There have been earlier reports of HMF's undesirable effects at or above high micromolar concentrations. In this study, HMF is found to stimulate the H1 receptor in vivo and in vitro. When assessed in cell culture and animal models, HMF was found to cause deformation of in cell culture studies of HUVECs at 50 μM, to increase the vascular permeability of paw skin at 1.0 mg/mL, and trigger symptoms of anaphylaxis in animal models at 32.5 μg/kg. At the molecular level, HMF was found to induce the release of NO and related cytokines, and trigger H1 receptor-mediated inflammatory responses. Mutation studies also suggest the binding sites for HMF on the H1 receptor. The findings described suggest the need for close monitoring of HMF contents in consumer products and their related side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaizhen He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yajing Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Di Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Delu Che
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tian Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Langchong He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Hirayama S, Fujii H. δ Opioid Receptor Inverse Agonists and their In Vivo Pharmacological Effects. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:2889-2902. [PMID: 32238139 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200402115654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of δ opioid receptor inverse agonist activity induced by ICI-174,864, which was previously reported as an δ opioid receptor antagonist, opened the door for the investigation of inverse agonism/constitutive activity of the receptors. Various peptidic or non-peptidic δ opioid receptor inverse agonists have since been developed. Compared with the reports dealing with in vitro inverse agonist activities of novel compounds or known compounds as antagonists, there have been almost no publications describing the in vivo pharmacological effects induced by a δ opioid receptor inverse agonist. After the observation of anorectic effects with the δ opioid receptor antagonism was discussed in the early 2000s, the short-term memory improving effects and antitussive effects have been very recently reported as possible pharmacological effects induced by a δ opioid receptor inverse agonist. In this review, we will survey the developed δ opioid receptor inverse agonists and summarize the possible in vivo pharmacological effects by δ opioid receptor inverse agonists. Moreover, we will discuss important issues involved in the investigation of the in vivo pharmacological effects produced by a δ opioid receptor inverse agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeto Hirayama
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Medicinal Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5- 9-1, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujii
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Medicinal Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5- 9-1, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
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Yuan X, Juan Z, Zhang R, Sun X, Yan R, Yue F, Huang Y, Yu J, Xia X. Clemastine Fumarate Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Activating the TLR4/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:28. [PMID: 32116705 PMCID: PMC7025565 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Our pilot studies have shown that clemastine fumarate (CLE) can protect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) through regulation of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4). However, the protective mechanism of CLE and related signaling pathways for MIRI remains unclear. The objective of this study is to determine the mechanism by which CLE relieves MIRI in cardiomyocytes and its relationship with the TLR4/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CCK8 analysis was used to test the optimal concentration of TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095 and TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on MIRI. The expression of inflammatory factors, oxidative stress response, cell damage, and intracellular calcium redistribution of cardiomyocytes were examined using the ELISA kits, Total Superoxide Dismutase Assay Kit with WST-8 and Lipid Peroxidation MDA Assay Kit, LDH Cytotoxicity Assay Kit, and laser scanning confocal microscope. The expression of TLR4/PI3K/Akt and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. Our results showed that MIRI aggravated the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, cellular damage of cardiomyocytes, and caused redistribution of intracellular calcium, upregulated the expression of TLR4 protein, cleaved caspase-3 protein, and down-regulated the expression of PI3K/Akt protein. After treatment with CLE, the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and cellular damage of cardiomyocytes were alleviated, and intracellular calcium ion accumulation decreased. The expression of TLR4 protein, cleaved caspase-3 protein declined, but PI3K/Akt protein expression increased in cardiomyocytes treated with CLE. In addition, after treatment with the TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095, the results were similar to those of CLE treatment. The TLR4 agonist LPS aggravated the reactions caused by MIRI. The role of LPS was reversed after CLE treatment. These results suggested that CLE can attenuate MIRI by activating the TLR4/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yuan
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhaodong Juan
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ru Yan
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Feng Yue
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yaru Huang
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jiacheng Yu
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaohui Xia
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Zhou S, Huang G. Synthesis of anti-allergic drugs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5874-5885. [PMID: 35497436 PMCID: PMC9049304 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10659f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine is formed by the decarboxylation of histidine catalyzed by enzymes. It is an endogenous biologically active substance involved in multiple complex physiological processes as an important chemical transmitter. Histamine receptors have four subtypes, H1, H2, H3 and H4, all of which are G protein coupling receptors (GPCRs) with different physiological functions. Histamine plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of allergic diseases, and the antagonistic effect of histamine has become an important way to study anti-allergic drugs, wherein the anti-allergic drugs used in clinical practice are mainly H1 receptor antagonists. Currently, there are many varieties of H1 receptor antagonists in clinical applications, which can be divided into ethylenediamine antagonists, amino ether antagonists, propylamine antagonists, tricyclic antagonists, piperazine antagonists and piperidine antagonists depending on their chemical structures. This article mainly reviews the research progress of allergic reactions with histamine H1 receptor antagonists and expounds the important aspects of the design and synthesis of various new compounds. Histamine is formed by the decarboxylation of histidine catalyzed by enzymes. It is an endogenous biologically active substance involved in multiple complex physiological processes as an important chemical transmitter.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing
- China
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Daddam JR, Sreenivasulu B, Peddanna K, Umamahesh K. Designing, docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies of novel cloperastine analogues as anti-allergic agents: homology modeling and active site prediction for the human histamine H1 receptor. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4745-4754. [PMID: 35495246 PMCID: PMC9049021 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09245e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study predicts a three-dimensional model for the histamine H1 receptor and the design of antihistamine inhibitors using cloperastine as the core molecule by docking studies. In this work, we predicted a three-dimensional structure of the histamine H1 receptor using the MODELLER9V7 software. The protein structure was developed based on the crystal structure of the histamine H1 receptor, the lysozyme chimera of Escherichia virus T4 (PDB ID: 3RZE_A) target collected from the PDB data bank. Using molecular dynamics simulation methods, the final predicted structure is obtained and further analyzed by VERIFY3D and PROCHECK programs, confirming that the final model is reliable. The drug derivatives of cloperastine were designed and docking was performed with the designed ligands along with the drug. The predicted model of the histamine H1 receptor structure is stable and confirms that it is a reliable structure for docking studies. The results indicate that MET 183, THR 184 and ILE 187 in the histamine H1 receptor are important determinant residues for binding as they have strong hydrogen bonding with cloperastine derivatives. The drug derivatives were docked to the histamine H1 receptor protein by hydrogen bonding interactions and these interactions played an important role in the binding studies. The molecule 1-{2-[(4-chlorophenyl) (phenyl) methoxy] ethyl}-4-methylenepiperidine showed the best docking results with the histamine H1 receptor. The docking results predicted the best compounds, which may act as better drugs than cloperastine and in the future, these may be developed for anti-allergy therapy. The present study predicts a three-dimensional model for the histamine H1 receptor and the design of antihistamine inhibitors using cloperastine as the core molecule by docking studies.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Basha Sreenivasulu
- Department of Microbiology
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India-517502
- Department of Biological Sciences
| | - Kotha Peddanna
- Department of Biochemistry
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India-517502
- School of Chinese Medicine
| | - Katike Umamahesh
- Department of Biochemistry
- Sri Venkateswara University
- Tirupati
- India-517502
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