1
|
Boukhers I, Domingo R, Septembre-Malaterre A, Antih J, Silvestre C, Petit T, Kodja H, Poucheret P. Bioguided Optimization of the Nutrition-Health, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Manihot esculenta (Cassava) Flour Enriched with Cassava Leaves. Nutrients 2024; 16:3023. [PMID: 39275338 PMCID: PMC11397558 DOI: 10.3390/nu16173023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Manihot esculenta (cassava) roots is a major food crop for its energy content. Leaves contain nutrients and demonstrate biological properties but remain undervalorized. In order to develop a bioguided optimization of cassava nutrition-health properties, we compared the phytochemistry and bioactive potential of cassava root flour extract (CF) with cassava flour extract enriched with 30% leaves powder (CFL). Cassava flour supplementation impact was explored on flour composition (starch, fiber, carotenoids, phenolic compounds), in vivo glycemic index, and bioactivity potential using macrophage cells. We assessed the impact of cassava flour supplementation on free radicals scavenging and cellular production of pro-inflammatory mediators. CFL showed higher levels of fiber, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and lower glycemic index. Significantly higher bioactive properties (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant) were recorded, and inhibition of cytokines production has been demonstrated as a function of extract concentration. Overall, our results indicate that enrichment of cassava flour with leaves significantly enhances its nutrition-health and bioactive potential. This bioguided matrix recombination approach may be of interest to provide prophylactic and therapeutic dietary strategy to manage malnutrition and associated chronic non-communicable diseases characterized by low-grade inflammation and unbalanced redox status. It would also promote a more efficient use of available food resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imane Boukhers
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Romain Domingo
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Axelle Septembre-Malaterre
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Antih
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Charlotte Silvestre
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Petit
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, ChemBioPro (EA2212), Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France
| | - Hippolyte Kodja
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Poucheret
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rezaei Shahrabi A, Arsenault G, Nabipoorashrafi SA, Lucke-Wold B, Yaghoobpoor S, Meidani FZ, Rahmati R, Ghaedi A, Khanzadeh S. Relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:523. [PMID: 37974254 PMCID: PMC10652461 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aims to review the existing scientific literature on the role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) to perform a meta-analysis on the available data. METHODS The electronic repositories Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus were systematically explored starting from their establishment up until June 9, 2022. RESULTS Fifteen articles were included in the meta-analysis after multiple screening according to the PRISMA guidelines. The combined findings indicated that individuals with DPN had higher levels of NLR in comparison to those without DPN (SMD = 0.61; CI 95% = 0.40-0.81, p < 0.001). In the subgroup assessment based on ethnicity, it was observed that diabetic patients with DPN exhibited increased NLR levels in contrast to those without DPN in studies conducted in India (SMD = 1.30; CI 95% = 0.37-2.24, p = 0.006) and East Asia (SMD = 0.53; CI 95% = 0.34-0.73, p < 0.001) but not in studies conducted in Turkey (SMD = 0.30; CI 95% = - 0.06-0.67, p = 0.104) and Egypt (SMD = 0.34; CI 95% = -0.14-0.82, p = 0.165). The pooled sensitivity of NLR was 0.67 (95% CI = 0.49-0.81), and the pooled specificity was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.56-0.81). The pooled positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of NLR were 2.30 (95% CI = 1.71-3.09), 0.45 (95%CI = 0.30-0.67), and 5.06 (95% CI = 3.16-8.12), respectively. CONCLUSION NLR serves as a distinct marker of inflammation, and its rise in cases of DPN suggests an immune system imbalance playing a role in the development of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seyed Ali Nabipoorashrafi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), School of Medicine, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Yaghoobpoor
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zari Meidani
- Students Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rahem Rahmati
- Students Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Arshin Ghaedi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sahoo DK, Chainy GBN. Hormone-linked redox status and its modulation by antioxidants. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 121:197-246. [PMID: 36707135 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hormones have been considered as key factors involved in the maintenance of the redox status of the body. We are making considerable progress in understanding interactions between the endocrine system, redox status, and oxidative stress with the dynamics of life, which encompasses fertilization, development, growth, aging, and various pathophysiological states. One of the reasons for changes in redox states of vertebrates leading to oxidative stress scenario is the disruption of the endocrine system. Comprehending the dynamics of hormonal status to redox state and oxidative stress in living systems is challenging. It is more difficult to come to a unifying conclusion when some hormones exhibit oxidant properties while others have antioxidant features. There is a very limited approach to correlate alteration in titers of hormones with redox status and oxidative stress with growth, development, aging, and pathophysiological stress. The situation is further complicated when considering various tissues and sexes in vertebrates. This chapter discusses the beneficial impacts of hormones with antioxidative properties, such as melatonin, glucagon, insulin, estrogens, and progesterone, which protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce pathophysiological effects. Additionally, we discuss the protective effects of antioxidants like vitamins A, E, and C, curcumin, tempol, N-acetyl cysteine, α-lipoic acid, date palm pollen extract, resveratrol, and flavonoids on oxidative stress triggered by hormones such as aldosterone, glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones, and catecholamines. Inflammation, pathophysiology, and the aging process can all be controlled by understanding how antioxidants and hormones operate together to maintain cellular redox status. Identifying the hormonal changes and the action of antioxidants may help in developing new therapeutic strategies for hormonal imbalance-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa States University, Ames, IA, United States.
| | - Gagan B N Chainy
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Milne G, Dai Q, Chen Q, Zhang X, Lan Q, Rothman N, Gao YT, Cai Q, Shu XO, Zheng W, Yang G. Quality of dietary carbohydrate is more important than its quantity in lipid peroxidation. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:189-196. [PMID: 35170729 PMCID: PMC9257472 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High glycemic index (GI) diets have been linked to elevated risk of cardiometabolic diseases. One possible underlying mechanism comes from high GI diet's potential to promote lipid peroxidation. OBJECTIVES We aim to evaluate whether and to what extent dietary carbohydrate quality and quantity are associated with systemic levels of lipid peroxidation in females. METHODS In this cross-sectional analysis of 2163 middle-aged women, a subset of the Shanghai Women's Health Study, we measured lipid peroxidation biomarkers F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) and its metabolite, 2,3-dinor-5,6-dihydro-15-F2t-IsoP (F2-IsoP-M), in urine. The quality of carbohydrate was defined by dietary GI, assessed using a validated FFQ via in-person interviews. A multivariable linear regression model with restricted cubic spline functions was used to evaluate the association of measured biomarkers with carbohydrate intake and dietary GI. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounding factors such as cigarette smoking, BMI, and comorbidities, among others, we found that F2-IsoP-M concentrations were positively associated with both carbohydrate intake and dietary GI. Carbohydrate intake and dietary GI were weakly correlated (r = 0.12). When further mutually adjusted for the 2 factors, the positive association with F2-IsoP-M remained statistically significant for GI (P = 0.004) but not for carbohydrate intake (P = 0.50). Compared with those in the 10th percentile of dietary GI, fold increases (95% CI) in F2-IsoP-M concentrations for those in the 30th, 50th, 70th, and 90th percentiles were 1.03 (1.00, 1.07), 1.06 (1.01, 1.10), 1.09 (1.03, 1.14), and 1.13 (1.05, 1.21), respectively. Moreover, there appeared a threshold regarding the association between dietary GI and F2-IsoP-M concentrations, with the dose-effect slope of GI being 2.3 times greater when GI was ≥75 relative to GI <75. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that the quality of dietary carbohydrate may be more important than the quantity of the intake with regard to systemic lipid peroxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yingya Zhao
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ginger Milne
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qi Dai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qingxia Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Eligini S, Porro B, Werba JP, Capra N, Genovese S, Greco A, Cavalca V, Banfi C. Oxidative Stress and Arginine/Nitric Oxide Pathway in Red Blood Cells Derived from Patients with Prediabetes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061407. [PMID: 35740426 PMCID: PMC9219800 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on red blood cells (RBCs) have not been thoroughly investigated, although it is known that the ingestion of 75 g of glucose during OGTT results in a systemic state of inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of OGTT on oxidative stress and L-arginine/Nitric Oxide (L-Arg/NO) metabolic pathway in RBCs obtained from patients with prediabetes. Blood samples were collected from all participants before (T0) and at 10 (T1), 20 (T2), 30 (T3), 60 (T4), 90 (T5), 120 (T6), 150 (T7), and 180 (T8) minutes after glucose loading. Results showed a significant increase in oxidative stress status characterized by a rise in the GSSG/GSH ratio at T4 and T6 that increased in parallel with a reduction of NO production in RBCs. In addition, in this time frame, increased exposure of phosphatidylserine on RBCs membrane was observed. These metabolic modifications were rescued at T8, together with an increase in activated RBC NO synthase expression. These findings provide a possible explanation of the phenomena occurring after glucose loading and suggest that, even in the early stages of diabetes, it may be important to avoid acute variations in glycemia in order to prevent diabetic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Eligini
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (S.E.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (S.G.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Benedetta Porro
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (S.E.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (S.G.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
| | - José Pablo Werba
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (S.E.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (S.G.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nicolò Capra
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (S.E.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (S.G.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Stefano Genovese
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (S.E.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (S.G.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Arianna Greco
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (S.E.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (S.G.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Viviana Cavalca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Cristina Banfi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (S.E.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (S.G.); (A.G.); (C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kiraz ZK, Kar E, Kar F, Kocatürk E, Kebapçı MN, Alataş IÖ, Uslu S. Oxidative Status and Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis Are Changed During 75 g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test over a Five-Hour Period. J INVEST SURG 2022; 35:1626-1634. [PMID: 35649703 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2022.2084189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral glucose loading may affect oxidative status during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We aimed to investigate how oxidant and antioxidant markers and thiol/disulfide parameters change during OGTT. METHODS OGTT was performed to 42 volunteers who were considered risk of type 2 diabetes and were divided into three groups (normoglycemic, prediabetes, diabetes) according glucose levels during OGTT. Glucose, insulin, c-peptide, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), total thiol and native thiol were investigated with auto-anaylzer for five-hours period. RESULTS Decrease of TAS and increase of TOS levels began with the increase in glucose and insulin levels. The increase of TAS started at third hour and reached the highest levels at fifth hour. OSI levels were higher at fourth hour than fasting and first hours in normoglycemic and diabetes groups. In the prediabetic group, TAS were higher than the other groups, TOS peak was at the second hour (p < 0.05). Native thiol and total thiol levels showed variable course during OGTT, both parameters increased at the end of the process (p < 0.05). Disulfide levels showed an increase trend but it was not statistically different in normoglycemic and diabetes groups. In prediabetes group, second hour disulfide level was lower than fasting state and disulfide was significantly increased at third, fourth and fifth hours and fifth hour disulfide level was also higher than fasting. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress parameters and thiol/disulfide balance were found to deteriorate within five-hours after glucose loading in all groups. These results indicates that oxidative stress occurs during OGTT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Küskü Kiraz
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Ezgi Kar
- Training and Research Center, Kütahya Health Science University, Kütahya, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Kar
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Department of Basic Sciences, Kütahya Health Science University, Kütahya, Türkiye
| | - Evin Kocatürk
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Medine Nur Kebapçı
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Endocrinology Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - I Özkan Alataş
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Sema Uslu
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bae DH, Gholam Azad M, Kalinowski DS, Lane DJR, Jansson PJ, Richardson DR. Ascorbate and Tumor Cell Iron Metabolism: The Evolving Story and Its Link to Pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:816-838. [PMID: 31672021 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Vitamin C or ascorbate (Asc) is a water-soluble vitamin and an antioxidant that is involved in many crucial biological functions. Asc's ability to reduce metals makes it an essential enzyme cofactor. Recent Advances: The ability of Asc to act as a reductant also plays an important part in its overall role in iron metabolism, where Asc induces both nontransferrin-bound iron and transferrin-bound iron uptake at physiological concentrations (∼50 μM). Moreover, Asc has emerged to play an important role in multiple diseases and its effects at pharmacological doses could be important for their treatment. Critical Issues: Asc's role as a regulator of cellular iron metabolism, along with its cytotoxic effects and different roles at pharmacological concentrations, makes it a candidate as an anticancer agent. Ever since the controversy regarding the studies from the Mayo Clinic was finally explained, there has been a renewed interest in using Asc as a therapeutic approach toward cancer due to its minimal side effects. Numerous studies have been able to demonstrate the anticancer activity of Asc through selective oxidative stress toward cancer cells via H2O2 generation at pharmacological concentrations. Studies have demonstrated that Asc's cytotoxic mechanism at concentrations (>1 mM) has been associated with decreased cellular iron uptake. Future Directions: Recent studies have also suggested other mechanisms, such as Asc's effects on autophagy, polyamine metabolism, and the cell cycle. Clearly, more has yet to be discovered about Asc's mechanism of action to facilitate safe and effective treatment options for cancer and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hun Bae
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mahan Gholam Azad
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Darius J R Lane
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Patric J Jansson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao R, Chilibeck PD. Nutritional interventions during bed rest and spaceflight: prevention of muscle mass and strength loss, bone resorption, glucose intolerance, and cardiovascular problems. Nutr Res 2020; 82:11-24. [PMID: 32890860 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bed rest is necessary for many medical conditions but also used as a ground-based model for space flight (along with head-down tilt to simulate fluid shifts in microgravity). The purpose of this review is to examine nutritional interventions during bed rest and spaceflight for prevention of muscle and strength loss, glucose intolerance, bone resorption, and cardiovascular problems. Increased dietary protein intake and supplementation with amino acids, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, or cofactors with antioxidant properties are effective for ameliorating bed rest-induced loss of muscle mass and strength. Previous literature involving bed rest with dietary protein/amino acid supplementation had mixed findings, likely due to differences in dosage. Although high protein intake in some studies prevents bed rest-induced muscle loss, it also increases bone resorption. High calcium intake and vitamin D supplementation are not beneficial for preventing bone degradation during bed rest or spaceflight. Very few studies investigated countermeasures to prevent glucose intolerance and cardiovascular risks during bed rest/spaceflight. Low-glycemic index diets might be beneficial for the prevention of bed rest-induced glucose intolerance and cardiovascular problems. The present evidence warrants additional studies on the exact threshold of protein/amino acid intake to prevent the loss of muscle mass and strength during bed rest/spaceflight specifically to maintain the beneficial effects of proteins on muscle mass and function without increasing bone resorption. Furthermore, it is suggested to study the effects of vitamin K supplementation on bone health during bed rest/spaceflight and determine the role of long-term low-glycemic index diets on glucose regulation and cardiovascular health during extended bed rest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Gao
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5B2
| | - Philip D Chilibeck
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5B2.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liang D, Fan G. Social Support and User Characteristics in Online Diabetes Communities: An In-Depth Survey of a Large-Scale Chinese Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082806. [PMID: 32325783 PMCID: PMC7216204 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
:Objective: To determine the characteristics of members of online diabetes communities as well as those factors affecting the provision and acceptance of social support. Methods: A cross-sectional STAR questionnaire survey was conducted among patients with diabetes who were members of online diabetes groups. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were adopted to explore the relative analysis of providing and accepting social support compared with the characteristics of members in virtual diabetics' groups. Results: A total of 1297 respondents were collected. The map distribution of patients in China was mainly located in the Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan, and Hebei provinces. As for their demographic characteristics, respondents had diabetes or prediabetes and were between the ages of 21 and 50 years (Median age was 35.0 (interquartile range from 28.0 to 44.0)). Most respondents were married and lived in cities. The education level of patients was mainly distributed throughout junior high, technical secondary, high school, junior college, and undergraduate levels. Age, marital status, and education level varied by gender, and the total score of the patients aged 41 to 50 for social support had a statistical significance between male and female. In addition, when group members were in junior high school or below, or were undergraduate students, their total social support scores varied by gender. Binary logistic regression showed that in 21 independent variables the total score and the total score grade of relationship intensity in the online group and reorganize of age were significant. The patients' social support acceptance of the map of respondents score grading of relationship intensity in the online group was 5.420 times higher than that of the lower score grading of relationship intensity in the group. At the same time, the patients' social support acceptance of the patients at the age of less than or equal to 31 years old was 19.608 times higher than that of group members aged more than 31 years old. Conclusion: Age and education background of the patients affects scores of social supports between males and females. The higher the total score and the score grade of relationship intensity in the online group, the higher the patients' social support acceptance. The younger patients had a better utilization of social support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liang
- MPH Education Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou 515041, China;
| | - Guanhua Fan
- Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13726500757
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Postprandial Glycemia, Insulinemia, and Antioxidant Status in Healthy Subjects after Ingestion of Bread made from Anthocyanin-Rich Riceberry Rice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030782. [PMID: 32188005 PMCID: PMC7146297 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Riceberry rice, a gluten-free grain, contains many nutrient components, including carbohydrates, proteins, certain fatty acids, and micronutrients, as well as bioactive non-nutrient compounds, such as polyphenolic compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bread made from anthocyanin-rich Riceberry rice on the postprandial glycemic response, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), antioxidant status, and subjective ratings of appetite. In the crossover design, 16 healthy participants (six men and 10 women) completed four sessions involving blood collection in the fasting state and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min after food consumption (50 g of available carbohydrate) in a randomized order: 1) glucose solution, 2) wheat bread (WB), 3) Riceberry rice bread (RRB), and 4) Hom Mali bread (HMB). Consumption of RRB resulted in significantly lower postprandial plasma glucose concentration at 30 and 60 min when compared to HMB. No difference in postprandial glucose concentration between RRB and WB was observed. In addition, postprandial plasma insulin showed a significant decrease in the group which received RRB at 15 and 60 min, as compared to HMB. In comparison with 50 g of glucose, as a reference, the glycemic index (GI) of RRB, WB, and HMB was 69.3 ± 4.4, 77.8 ± 4.6, and 130.6 ± 7.9, respectively. Interestingly, the ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) level was shown to significantly increase after consumption of RRB. In the meantime, a significant decrease in the postprandial FRAP level was also observed following an intake of WB and HMB. All breads caused increases in the postprandial plasma protein thiol group and had similar effects on hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and satiety ratings. However, consumption of RBB, WB, and HMB did not change plasma GLP-1 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels when compared to the baseline. The findings suggest that anthocyanin-rich Riceberry rice can be a natural ingredient for gluten-free bread which reduced glycemic response together with improvement of antioxidant status in healthy subjects.
Collapse
|
11
|
Jovanovski E, de Castro Ruiz Marques A, Li D, Ho HVT, Blanco Mejia S, Sievenpiper JL, Zurbau A, Komishon A, Duvnjak L, Bazotte RB, Vuksan V. Effect of high-carbohydrate or high-monounsaturated fatty acid diets on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2020; 77:19-31. [PMID: 30165599 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Current dietary guidelines for cardiovascular disease risk management recommend restricting intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs). However, the optimal macronutrient profile, in the context of a low-SFA diet, remains controversial. The blood-pressure effect of replacing SFAs in diets with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) compared with carbohydrate has not been quantified to date. Objective To synthesize the evidence for the effect of substituting a high-carbohydrate (high-CHO) diet for a high-monounsaturated fatty acid (high-MUFA) diet on blood pressure, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in a population without health restrictions was conducted. Data Sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials were searched through June 7, 2017. Randomized controlled trials of > 3 weeks duration that assessed the effect of high-MUFA diets in isocaloric substitution for high-CHO diets on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were included. Data Extraction Data were pooled using the generic-inverse variance method with random effects models and expressed as mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran Q statistic and quantified by the I2 statistic. The quality of the evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results Fourteen trials (n = 980 participants) were included in the analysis. Comparatively, the high-MUFA diets in isocaloric substitution for high-CHO diets did not demonstrate a greater reduction in blood pressure (SBP: MD, -0.08 mmHg [95%CI, -1.01 to 0.84], P = 0.86; DBP: MD = 0.01 mmHg [95%CI, -0.73 to 0.75], P = 0.98). The overall quality of the evidence was assessed as moderate. Conclusions In the context of low SFAs, high-MUFA diets in isocaloric substitution for high-CHO diets did not affect blood pressure in individuals with and without hypertension. Large-scale trials achieving higher MUFA targets are required to support these findings. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02626325.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Jovanovski
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Any de Castro Ruiz Marques
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Dandan Li
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hoang V T Ho
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sonia Blanco Mejia
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andreea Zurbau
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Lea Duvnjak
- University Hospital Merkur, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Roberto B Bazotte
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Vuksan
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Efficacy of Isomaltulose Compared to Sucrose in Modulating Endothelial Function in Overweight Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010141. [PMID: 31947853 PMCID: PMC7019610 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is linked to impaired arterial endothelial function (EF), an early sign of cardiovascular disease. We compared the efficacy of low-glycemic index isomaltulose (Palatinose™) with that of sucrose in modulating EF, as assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD). In this double-blinded cross-over study, 80 overweight mildly hypertensive subjects were randomized to receive 50 g of either isomaltulose or sucrose. On two non-consecutive days, brachial artery ultrasound FMD scans were obtained prior to and hourly (T0-T3) after carbohydrate load. Blood was drawn immediately after scanning. Glucose and insulin levels were analyzed. Overall, the FMD decrease was attenuated by isomaltulose compared to sucrose (ΔFMD = -0.003% and -0.151%; p > 0.05 for the interaction treatment x period). At T2, FMD was significantly higher after isomaltulose administration compared to that after sucrose administration (FMD = 5.9 ± 2.9% and 5.4 ± 2.6%, p = 0.047). Pearson correlations between FMD and blood glucose showed a trend for a negative association at T0 and T2 independently of the carbohydrate (r-range = -0.20 to -0.23, p < 0.1). Sub-analysis suggested a lower FMD in insulin-resistant (IR) compared to insulin-sensitive subjects. Isomaltulose attenuated the postprandial decline of FMD, particularly in IR persons. These data support the potential of isomaltulose to preserve the endothelial function postprandially and consequently play a favorable role in cardiovascular health.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
In aerobes, oxygen is essential for maintenance of life. However, incomplete reduction of oxygen leads to generation of reactive oxygen species. These oxidants oxidise biological macromolecules present in their vicinity and thereby impair cellular functions causing oxidative stress (OS). Aerobes have evolved both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defences to protect themselves from OS. Although hormones as means of biological coordination involve in regulation of physiological activities of tissues by regulating metabolism, any change in their normal titre leads to pathophysiological states. While, hormones such as melatonin, insulin, oestrogen, progesterone display antioxidant features, thyroid hormone, corticosteroids and catecholamines elicit free radical generation and OS, and the role of testosterone in inducing OS is debateable. This review is an attempt to understand the impact of free radical generation and cross talk between the hormones modulating antioxidant defence system under various pathophysiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gagan B N Chainy
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
YILDIRIM T, GÖÇMEN Y, OZAN ZT, BÖREKÇİ E, TURAN E, ARAL Y. The effect of hyperglycemic peak induced by oral glucose tolerance test on the oxidant and antioxidant levels. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:1742-1747. [PMID: 31655528 PMCID: PMC7518681 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1905-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim The possibility of adverse effects of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) carried out for the screening of gestational diabetes among pregnant women and fetuses is a frequently discussed topic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the hyperglycemia peak during OGTT on the levels of oxidants and antioxidants in the body. Materials and methods Eighty individuals who applied to the Outpatient Clinic with suspected diabetes and OGTT indication were included in the study. Glucose, total oxidant capacity status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels were tested on blood samples collected from these individuals at 0, 60, and 120 min during the OGTT carried out with 75 g of glucose. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated as the ratio of TOS to TAS. Results While the oxidative parameters TOS and LOOH were significantly increased at 60. min of OGTT, only LOOH was significantly increased at 120. min of OGTT. Significant decreases in antioxidative parameters (TAS, SOD) were observed at 60. and 120. min of the OGTT and OSI was significantly increased at 60. and 120. min of the OGTT. Conclusion Oxidative stress parameters were increased and antioxidative parameters were decreased during the OGTT. However, more extended studies are required to determine the effects of the increased oxidative stress on pregnant women and fetuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tekin YILDIRIM
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, YozgatTurkey
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Yeşim GÖÇMEN
- Department of Biochemistry Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, YozgatTurkey
| | - Zeynep Tuğba OZAN
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, YozgatTurkey
| | - Elif BÖREKÇİ
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, ManisaTurkey
| | - Elif TURAN
- Department of Endocrinology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, YozgatTurkey
| | - Yalçın ARAL
- Department of Endocrinology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, YozgatTurkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peçanha D, Huguenin GVB, De Lorenzo A, Tibirica E. Increased systemic endothelial-dependent microvascular reactivity after ingestion of a high-carbohydrate snack in young, healthy volunteers. Microvasc Res 2019; 129:103962. [PMID: 31786189 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the acute effect of a high-carbohydrate snack (HCS) on systemic microvascular function of healthy, young volunteers, using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). METHODS Cutaneous microvascular blood flow was assessed in the forearm with LSCI coupled to iontophoresis of acetylcholine, using increasing anodal currents, before and after (25 min) the ingestion of a HCS or water (control). Twenty volunteers (10 male) received a single HCS (70 g of carbohydrates) in the fasting state in the morning. RESULTS The area under the curve (AUC) of acetylcholine-induced microvascular vasodilation increased from 17,847 ± 4539 to 20,315 ± 7168 arbitrary perfusion units/s (P = 0.03) after ingestion of a HCS, but was unchanged after the ingestion of water (P = 0.22). CONCLUSION A single snack consisting on an acute oral load of carbohydrates induced a significant increase of endothelium-dependent microvascular vasodilation in healthy, young subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Peçanha
- National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Heart Institute Edson Saad, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Grazielle Vilas Bôas Huguenin
- National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Nutrition and Dietetic Department, Emilia de Jesus Ferreiro, Nutrition Faculty, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
West S, Smail O, Bond B. The acute influence of sucrose consumption with and without vitamin C co-ingestion on microvascular reactivity in healthy young adults. Microvasc Res 2019; 126:103906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
17
|
La Sala L, Mrakic-Sposta S, Tagliabue E, Prattichizzo F, Micheloni S, Sangalli E, Specchia C, Uccellatore AC, Lupini S, Spinetti G, de Candia P, Ceriello A. Circulating microRNA-21 is an early predictor of ROS-mediated damage in subjects with high risk of developing diabetes and in drug-naïve T2D. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:18. [PMID: 30803440 PMCID: PMC6388471 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a risk factor for the development of diabetes and related complications that ensue. Early identification of at-risk individuals might be beneficial to reduce or delay the progression of diabetes and its related complications. Recently, microRNAs emerged as potential biomarkers of diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate microRNA-21 as a potential biomarker for the risk of developing diabetes in adults with IGT and to investigate its downstream effects as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the induction of manganese-superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2), and the circulating levels of 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal). METHODS To evaluate the prognostic and predictive values of plasmatic microRNA-21 in identifying metabolic derangements, we tested a selected cohort (n = 115) of subjects enrolled in the DIAPASON Study, whom were selected on ADA criteria for 2hPG. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test as appropriate. ROC curves were drawn for diagnostic accuracy of the tests; positive and negative predictive values were performed, and Youden's index was used to seek the cut-off optimum truncation point. ROS, SOD2 and 4-HNE were also evaluated. RESULTS We observed significant upregulation of microRNA-21 in IGT and in T2D subjects, and microRNA-21 was positively correlated with glycaemic parameters. Diagnostic performance of microRNA-21 was high and accurate. We detected significant overproduction of ROS by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), significant accumulation of the lipid peroxidation marker 4-HNE, and defective SOD2 antioxidant response in IGT and newly diagnosed, drug-naïve T2D subjects. In addition, ROC curves demonstrated the diagnostic accuracy of markers used. CONCLUSIONS our data demonstrate that microRNA-21 is associated with prediabetic status and exhibits predictive value for early detection of glucose imbalances. These data could provide novel clues for miR-based biomarkers to evaluate diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia La Sala
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Prattichizzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Micheloni
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sangalli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Specchia
- Department of Translational Biomedicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Gaia Spinetti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola de Candia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Ceriello
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee HA, Lee JH, Han JS. 2,7"-Phloroglucinol-6,6'-bieckol protects INS-1 cells against high glucose-induced apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1473-1481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
19
|
Mertoğlu C, Gunay M, Siranli G, Kulhan M, Gok G, Erel Ö. The Effect of the 50 g Glucose Challenge Test on The Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis in Pregnancy. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2018; 37:147-156. [PMID: 29694252 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1453002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM A 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) is recommended for screening all pregnant women for gestational diabetes mellitus. In this study, the effect of GCT on the thiol/disulfide balance was investigated. METHODS One-hundred women that underwent a 50 g GCT at 24-28 weeks of gestation (63 positive and 37 negative results) were evaluated in terms of thiol/disulfide in serum samples at test hours 0 and 1. RESULTS Compared to the baseline values (hour 0), after the glucose load (hour 1), the thiol and native thiol/total thiol (p < 0.0001) of the GCT-positive women were reduced whereas the values of glucose, disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol (p < 0.0001) and total thiol increased (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION In GCT-positive pregnant individuals, the glucose load increases oxidative stress by changing the thiol/disulfide homeostasis. Such an effect is not observed in healthy pregnancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuma Mertoğlu
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Murat Gunay
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Gulsah Siranli
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kulhan
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Gamze Gok
- c Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- c Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chew B, Mathison B, Kimble L, McKay D, Kaspar K, Khoo C, Chen CYO, Blumberg J. Chronic consumption of a low calorie, high polyphenol cranberry beverage attenuates inflammation and improves glucoregulation and HDL cholesterol in healthy overweight humans: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:1223-1235. [PMID: 29476238 PMCID: PMC6499871 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1643-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We studied the health benefits of low calorie cranberry beverage consumption on glucoregulation, oxidative damage, inflammation, and lipid metabolism in overweight but otherwise healthy humans. Methods 78 overweight or obese men and women (30–70 years; BMI 27–35 kg/m2) with abdominal adiposity (waist: hip > 0.8 for women and > 0.9 for men; waist: height ≥ 0.5) consumed 450 mL placebo or low calorie, high polyphenol cranberry extract beverage (CEB) daily for 8 week in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design trial. Blood and urine samples were collected after overnight fast at baseline and after 8 weeks of daily beverage consumption. Blood and urine samples were also collected during 3 oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) challenges: (1) pre-intervention without the test beverages, (2) following a single dose of placebo or CEB at baseline (week 0), and (3) following a single dose of placebo or CEB at 8 week. Results Compared to placebo, a single CEB dose at baseline lowered endothelin-1 and elevated nitric oxide and the reduced:oxidized glutathione ratio (P < 0.05). Interferon-γ was elevated (P < 0.05) after a single CEB dose at baseline; however, after 8 week of CEB intervention, fasting C-reactive protein was lower (P < 0.05). CEB consumption for 8 week also reduced serum insulin and increased HDL cholesterol compared to placebo (P < 0.05). Conclusions An acute dose of low calorie, high polyphenol cranberry beverage improved antioxidant status, while 8 week daily consumption reduced cardiovascular disease risk factors by improving glucoregulation, downregulating inflammatory biomarkers, and increasing HDL cholesterol. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00394-018-1643-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boon Chew
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
- Nutrition & Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Bridget Mathison
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Lindsey Kimble
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Diane McKay
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - C-Y Oliver Chen
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Blumberg
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chusak C, Thilavech T, Henry CJ, Adisakwattana S. Acute effect of Clitoria ternatea flower beverage on glycemic response and antioxidant capacity in healthy subjects: a randomized crossover trial. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:6. [PMID: 29310631 PMCID: PMC5759795 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Clitoria ternatea L., a natural food-colorant containing anthocyanin, demonstrated antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activity. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Clitoria ternatea flower extract (CTE) on postprandial plasma glycemia response and antioxidant status in healthy men. Methods In a randomized, crossover study, 15 healthy men (ages 22.53 ± 0.30 years; with body mass index of 21.57 ± 0.54 kg/m2) consumed five beverages: (1) 50 g sucrose in 400 mL water; (2) 1 g CTE in 400 mL of water; (3) 2 g CTE in 400 mL of water; (4) 50 g sucrose and 1 g CTE in 400 mL of water; and (5) 50 g sucrose and 2 g CTE in 400 mL of water. Incremental postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, uric acid, antioxidant capacities and lipid peroxidation were measured during 3 h of administration. Results After 30 min ingestion, the postprandial plasma glucose and insulin levels were suppressed when consuming sucrose plus 1 g and 2 g CTE. In addition, consumption of CTE alone did not alter plasma glucose and insulin concentration in the fasting state. The significant increase in plasma antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and protein thiol) and the decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) level were observed in the subjects who received 1 g and 2 g CTE. Furthermore, consumption of CTE protected sucrose-induced reduction in ORAC and TEAC and increase in plasma MDA. Conclusions These findings suggest that an acute ingestion of CTE increases plasma antioxidant capacity without hypoglycemia in the fasting state. It also improves postprandial glucose, insulin and antioxidant status when consumed with sucrose. Trial registration Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20170609003. Registered 09 September 2017. ‘retrospectively registered’.
Collapse
|
22
|
Anderson C, Milne GL, Park YMM, Sandler DP, Nichols HB. Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Are Positively Associated with Oxidative Stress among Premenopausal Women. J Nutr 2018; 148:125-130. [PMID: 29378036 PMCID: PMC5972583 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxx022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diets with a high glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been hypothesized to increase oxidative stress, but the limited human studies are inconsistent. Objective The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate associations between dietary GI, GL, and carbohydrate intake and oxidative stress, as measured by F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs). Methods Concentrations of F2-IsoP and its metabolite (15-F2t-IsoP-M) were measured in urine samples collected at enrollment from 866 premenopausal women (aged 35-54 y) participating in the Sister Study. Total carbohydrate intake and dietary GI and GL were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Urinary F2-IsoP and 15-F2t-IsoP-M concentrations were compared across quintiles of carbohydrate intake, GI, and GL using multivariable linear regression models. Results Urinary F2-IsoP concentrations were positively associated with dietary GI (P-trend = 0.023), and both F2-IsoP and 15-F2t-IsoP-M concentrations were positively associated with GL (F2-IsoP: P-trend < 0.001; 15-F2t-IsoP-M: P-trend < 0.001) and total carbohydrate intake (F2-IsoP: P-trend = 0.012; 15-F2t-IsoP-M: P-trend < 0.001). Stratified analyses suggested that a positive association between GI and urinary 15-F2t-IsoP-M concentrations was present among women with a body mass index [BMI (in kg/m2)] ≥30.0, but not among those with a BMI of <25.0 or 25.0-29.9 (P-interaction = 0.01). Conclusions Our cross-sectional analyses in a sample of premenopausal women support hypothesized relations between high dietary GI and GL and oxidative stress, as assessed by urinary F2-IsoP and 15-F2t-IsoP-M concentrations. Given potential associations between oxidative stress and the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, our findings may have important implications for reducing chronic disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ginger L Milne
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Yong-Moon Mark Park
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Hazel B Nichols
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC,Address correspondence HBN (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Soares RN, Reimer RA, Alenezi Z, Doyle-Baker PK, Murias JM. Near-infrared spectroscopy can detect differences in vascular responsiveness to a hyperglycaemic challenge in individuals with obesity compared to normal-weight individuals. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2018; 15:55-63. [PMID: 28931323 DOI: 10.1177/1479164117731481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the near-infrared spectroscopy combined with vascular occlusion test technique could detect differences in vascular responsiveness during hyperglycaemia between normal-weight individuals and individuals with obesity. METHODS A total of 16 normal-weight individuals (body mass index, 21.3 ± 1.7 kg/m2) and 13 individuals with obesity (body mass index, 34.4 ± 2.0 kg/m2) were submitted to five vascular occlusion tests (Pre, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after glucose challenge). Vascular responsiveness was determined by the Slope 2 (Slope 2 StO2) and the area under the curve (StO2AUC) of oxygen saturation derived from near-infrared spectroscopy-vascular occlusion test. RESULTS The Slope 2 StO2 increased from 1.07 ± 0.16%/s (Pre) to 1.53 ± 0.21%/s at 90 min ( p < 0.05) in the control group, while in obese it increased from 0.71 ± 0.09%/s (Pre) to 0.92 ± 0.14%/s at 60 min ( p < 0.05), and to 0.97 ± 0.10%/s ( p < 0.01) at 120 min after glucose ingestion. The StO2AUC decreased from 1729 ± 214% . sec (Pre) to 1259 ± 232% . sec at 60 min ( p < 0.05) and to 1034 ± 172% . sec at 90 min ( p < 0.05) in the normal-weight group, whereas it decreased at 90 min (637 ± 98% . sec; p < 0.05) and at 120 min (590 ± 93% . sec; p < 0.01) compared to 30 min (1232 ± 197% . sec) after glucose ingestion in individuals with obesity. CONCLUSION Near-infrared spectroscopy-vascular occlusion test technique was capable of detecting differences in vascular responsiveness during hyperglycaemia between normal-weight individuals and individuals with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- 1 Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- 2 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Zaid Alenezi
- 1 Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Patricia K Doyle-Baker
- 1 Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- 3 Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hu EA, Martínez-González MA, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Ros E, Fitó M, Garcia-Rodriguez A, Estruch R, Arós F, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Pintó X, Ruiz-Canela M, Razquin C, Bulló M, Sorlí JV, Schröder H, Rebholz CM, Toledo E. Potato Consumption Does Not Increase Blood Pressure or Incident Hypertension in 2 Cohorts of Spanish Adults. J Nutr 2017; 147:2272-2281. [PMID: 29046405 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.252254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Potatoes have a high glycemic load but also antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. It is unclear what mechanisms are involved in relation to their effect on blood pressure (BP) and hypertension.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between potato consumption, BP changes, and the risk of hypertension in 2 Spanish populations.Methods: Separate analyses were performed in PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea), a multicenter nutrition intervention trial of adults aged 55-80 y, and the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) project, a prospective cohort made up of university graduates and educated adults with ages (means ± SDs) of 42.7 ± 13.3 y for men and 35.1 ± 10.7 y for women. In PREDIMED, generalized estimating equations adjusted for lifestyle and dietary characteristics were used to assess changes in BP across quintiles of total potato consumption during a 4-y follow-up. Controlled BP values (systolic BP <140 mm Hg and diastolic BP <90 mm Hg) during follow-up were also assessed. For SUN, multivariate-adjusted HRs for incident hypertension during a mean 6.7-y follow-up were calculated.Results: In PREDIMED, the total potato intake was 81.9 ± 40.6 g/d. No overall differences in systolic or diastolic BP changes were detected based on consumption of potatoes. For total potatoes, the mean difference in change between quintile 5 (highest intake) and quintile 1 (lowest intake) in systolic BP after multivariate adjustment was -0.90 mm Hg (95% CI: -2.56, 0.76 mm Hg; P-trend = 0.1) and for diastolic BP was -0.02 mm Hg (95% CI: -0.93, 0.89 mm Hg; P-trend = 0.8). In SUN, the total potato consumption was 52.7 ± 33.6 g/d, and no significant association between potato consumption and hypertension incidence was observed in the fully adjusted HR for total potato consumption (quintile 5 compared with quintile 1: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.19; P-trend = 0.8).Conclusions: Potato consumption is not associated with changes over 4 y in blood pressure among older adults in Spain or with the risk of hypertension among Spanish adults. This trial was registered at www.controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN35739639.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Hu
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Department of Epidemiology; Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; .,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service and
| | - Montse Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Institute of Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands and Son Espases Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Department of Family Medicine, Unit Research, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain; and
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and
| | - Mònica Bulló
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - José V Sorlí
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Department of Epidemiology; Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Estefania Toledo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición and
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Montes-Nieto R, Insenser M, Murri M, Fernández-Durán E, Ojeda-Ojeda M, Martínez-García MÁ, Luque-Ramírez M, Escobar-Morreale HF. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in young adults: Obesity increases fasting levels only in men whereas glucose ingestion, and not protein or lipid intake, increases postprandial concentrations regardless of sex and obesity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28722287 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Oxidative stress and damage participate in the pathophysiology of obesity and its metabolic complications. We studied the influence of sex, obesity, and ingestion of different macronutrients on fasting and postprandial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), which can be considered as an index of lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 19 men and 17 women, out of whom nine men and eight women had obesity. We collected blood samples in the fasting state and, on alternate days, following the ingestion of 300 kcal in the form of glucose, lipids, or proteins. Fasting TBARS concentrations correlated with waist circumference and were increased in obese men compared with nonobese men. This increase was not, however, observed in women. TBARS concentrations showed a marked increase following the ingestion of glucose in parallel to the increase in plasma glucose when considering all subjects as a whole, but did not increase after the oral intake of lipids and proteins. CONCLUSION Plasma TBARS concentrations are increased in the fasting state only in obese men in association with abdominal adiposity, and increases markedly after the ingestion of glucose, but not after oral intake of lipids and proteins, regardless of sex and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Montes-Nieto
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Insenser
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Durán
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Ojeda-Ojeda
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Martínez-García
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Luque-Ramírez
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor F Escobar-Morreale
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria IRYCIS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Characterization of the post-prandial insulinemic response and low glycaemic index of a soy beverage. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182762. [PMID: 28793331 PMCID: PMC5549974 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean is recognized as rich source of bioactive compounds for the improvement of glucose homeostasis. However, the post-prandial mechanisms of action have not been extensively described. The aim of this study is to determine the changes in glucose homeostasis and related factors after acute intake of a soy beverage. Twenty-nine subjects (15 women and 14 men, with an average age of 19.5 ± 1.2) ingested 500 mL of water, glucose (20.5 g/500 mL) and soy beverage (20 g of carbohydrate) in three separate sessions. Capillary blood glucose was monitored every 15 min until 120 min post-prandial, and blood samples were collected at baseline and after 60 min for insulin, incretin, free amino acids, antioxidant capacity and inflammation marker analysis. The increase in capillary glucose after soy-beverage intake was negligible. This is explained in part by an increase in 83% in insulin levels than induced with glucose alone, which is mainly mediated by a low insulin degradation ratio (determined by c-peptide ratio), incretins and likely also by the modulation of the antioxidant environment. No associations were observed between the insulin levels and soy amino acid uptake. It could be concluded that the acute low glycaemic response of a soy beverage may involves a relationship between incretin and insulin secretion and insulin degradation.
Collapse
|
27
|
Laubertová L, Koňariková K, Gbelcová H, Ďuračková Z, Muchová J, Garaiova I, Žitňanová I. Fish oil emulsion supplementation might improve quality of life of diabetic patients due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nutr Res 2017; 46:49-58. [PMID: 28893413 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-related complications, including cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, are a significant cause of increased morbidity and mortality among people with diabetes. Previous studies have confirmed that hyperglycemia has pro-oxidative and proinflammatory properties which cause diabetic complications. We hypothesized that supplementation of fish oil emulsion (FOE), rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, to diabetic patients might reduce hyperglycemia-induced pathological changes due to specific properties of FOE. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have a wide range of biological effects. In this project, we have examined the potential protective effect of the FOE on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and cytokine generation in monocytes/macrophages U937 system in vitro. The monocytes/macrophages U937 were cultivated under normal or hyperglycemic (35 mmol/L glucose) conditions with/without FOE for 72 hours. We have focused on specific markers of oxidative stress (antioxidant capacity; superoxide dismutase activity; oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids) and inflammation (tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocytic chemotactic protein-1). Hyperglycemia caused reduction of antioxidant capacity, induction of DNA damage, and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. FOE significantly increased antioxidant capacity of cells as well as superoxide dismutase activity and significantly reduced tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and monocytic chemotactic protein-1 release. No effect was observed on oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids. Our results indicate that FOE can reduce hyperglycemia-induced pathological mechanisms by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Laubertová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Katarína Koňariková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Helena Gbelcová
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Jana Muchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Iveta Garaiova
- Research and Development Department, Cultech Ltd, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Ingrid Žitňanová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Thanpari C, Takhelmayum R, Yadav NK, Shrewastwa MK, Thapa P, Mittal RK. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidants, lipid profile, and HbA1c in diabetic patients. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-015-0356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
29
|
Soares RN, Reimer RA, Murias JM. Changes in vascular responsiveness during a hyperglycemia challenge measured by near-infrared spectroscopy vascular occlusion test. Microvasc Res 2017; 111:67-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
30
|
Yu CH, Suriguga, Gong M, Liu WJ, Cui NX, Wang Y, Du X, Yi ZC. High glucose induced endothelial to mesenchymal transition in human umbilical vein endothelial cell. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 102:377-383. [PMID: 28347704 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) could contribute to the progression of diabetic nephropathy, diabetic renal fibrosis, and cardiac fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of high glucose and related mechanism of MAPK inhibitor or specific antioxidant on the EndMT. METHODS In vitro human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured with 11mM, 30mM, 60mM and 120mM glucose for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 168h. Endothelial cell morphology was observed with microscope, and RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of endothelial markers VE-cadherin and CD31, mesenchymal markers α-SMA and collagen I, and transforming growth factor TGF-β1. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the expression of CD31 and α-SMA. The concentration of TGF-β1 in the supernatant was detected by ELISA. ERK1/2 phosphorylation level was detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS High glucose induced EndMT and increased the TGF-β1 level in HUVEC cells. Cells in high glucose for 7 days showed a significant decrease in mRNA expression of CD31 and VE-cadherin, and a significant increase in that of α-SMA and collagen I, while lost CD31 staining and acquired α-SMA staining. ERK signaling pathway blocker PD98059 significantly attenuated the high glucose-induced increase in the ERK1/2 phosphorylation level. PD98059 and NAC both inhibited high glucose-induced TGF-β1 expression and attenuated EndMT marker protein synthesis. CONCLUSION High glucose could induce HUVEC cells to undergo EndMT. NAC and ERK signaling pathway may play important role in the regulation of the TGF-β1 biosynthesis during high glucose-induced EndMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Yu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Suriguga
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Gong
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Xuan Cui
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing, China; Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Zong-Chun Yi
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Prior SL, Barry JD, Caplin S, Min T, Grant DA, Stephens JW. Temporal changes in plasma markers of oxidative stress following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in subjects with impaired glucose regulation. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:162-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.08.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
32
|
Arthur JF, Jandeleit-Dahm K, Andrews RK. Platelet Hyperreactivity in Diabetes: Focus on GPVI Signaling-Are Useful Drugs Already Available? Diabetes 2017; 66:7-13. [PMID: 27999100 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Adults with diabetes are 2-4 times more likely to suffer from heart disease or ischemic stroke than adults without diabetes, yet standard antiplatelet therapy, which is the cornerstone for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, fails in many patients with diabetes. Three independent but often interrelated variables that contribute to platelet hyperreactivity-high blood glucose, oxidative stress, and elevated vascular shear forces-coexist in patients with diabetes, creating a perilous concurrence of risk factors for cardiovascular events. Recent research has focused attention on the platelet-specific collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) as a potential antithrombotic target. Signaling events downstream of GPVI are influenced by hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and shear stress. Importantly, drugs targeting these GPVI signaling pathways are already in existence. The potential to repurpose existing drugs is a high-gain strategy for yielding new antiplatelet agents and could have particular benefit in individuals with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane F Arthur
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Robert K Andrews
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dai J, Zhou J, Liu H, Huang K. Selenite and ebselen supplementation attenuates D-galactose-induced oxidative stress and increases expression of SELR and SEP15 in rat lens. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 21:1037-1046. [PMID: 27752786 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Selenite and ebselen supplementation has been shown to possess anti-cataract potential in some experimental animal models of cataract, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-cataract effects and the underlying mechanisms of selenite and ebselen supplementation on galactose induced cataract in rats, a common animal model of sugar cataract. Transmission electron microscopy images of lens fiber cells (LFC) and lens epithelial cells (LEC) were observed in D-galactose-induced experimental cataractous rats treated with or without selenite and ebselen, also redox homeostasis and expression of proteins such as selenoprotein R (SELR), 15kD selenoprotein (SEP15), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), β-crystallin protein, aldose reductase (AR) and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) were estimated in the lenses. The results showed that D-galactose injection injured rat lens and resulted in cataract formation; however, selenite and ebselen supplementation markedly alleviated ultrastructural injury of LFC and LEC. Moreover, selenite and ebselen supplementation could mitigate the oxidative damage in rat lens and increase the protein expressions of SELR, SEP15, SOD1, CAT and β-crystallin, as well as decrease the protein expressions of AR and GRP78. Taken together, these findings for the first time reveal the anti-cataract potential of selenite and ebselen in galactosemic cataract, and provide important new insights into the anti-cataract mechanisms of selenite and ebselen in sugar cataract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixun Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kucukaydın Z, Duran C, Basaran M, Camlica F, Erdem SS, Basaran A, Kutlu O, Burnik FS, Elmas H, Gonen MS. Plasma total oxidant and antioxidant status after oral glucose tolerance and mixed meal tests in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:1139-48. [PMID: 27300033 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Insulin resistance (IR) and increased oxidative stress (OS) are the characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) and mixed meal tests (MMT) on plasma total oxidant (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in patients with PCOS and the relationship between these parameters and IR, calculated via homeostasis of model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda's insulin sensitivity index (ISI) derived from OGTT and MMT. METHODS Twenty-two patients with PCOS, and age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched 20 women as controls were enrolled into the study. Five-hour OGTT and MMT were performed on different days, and before and after these tests, plasma TOS and TAS levels were investigated. IR was calculated with HOMA-IR and Matsuda's ISI. RESULTS HOMA-IR levels were higher in patients with PCOS, compared to controls, while Matsuda's ISI derived from OGTT and MMT was higher in controls. Plasma TOS levels before OGTT and MMT were higher in patients with PCOS than controls, while TAS levels were similar. After OGTT, plasma TOS levels became decreased at 5th hour, when compared to baseline values in PCOS group. Likewise, the same decrement was found in controls, but the decrement was not significant. After OGTT and MMT at 5th hour, no changes were observed in TAS levels, compared to baseline. CONCLUSION Matsuda's ISIs derived from OGTT and MMT can be used instead of each other, and interestingly, we found a decrease in TOS levels after OGTT in patients with PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Kucukaydın
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Cevdet Duran
- Division of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Meram Yeniyol, 42100, Meram, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Basaran
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Sami Said Erdem
- Division of Biochemistry, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Basaran
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Orkide Kutlu
- Division of Internal Medicine, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ferda Sevimli Burnik
- Division of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Halis Elmas
- Division of Internal Medicine, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sait Gonen
- Division of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Livingstone C, Davis J. Review: Targeting therapeutics against glutathione depletion in diabetes and its complications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/14746514070070060201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant intracellular antioxidant, the dysregulation of which is widely implicated in disease states. There is in vitro and clinical evidence that abnormal glutathione status is involved in β-cell dysfunction and in the pathogenesis of long-term complications of diabetes. Interest has developed in the potential for therapeutic modification of glutathione status in the treatment of diabetes. There is evidence which supports the use of glutathione pro-drugs, lipoic acid and vitamin supplementation but further studies are required before these enter widespread use. Studies into the role of oxidative stress in diabetes rely heavily on the ability to measure glutathione, which has been a problematic analyte to measure in the laboratory. New electrochemical methods being developed should speed up the rate at which data can be accumulated and will help define clinical utility for its measurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Callum Livingstone
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XX, UK,
| | - James Davis
- Department of Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Serum Malondialdehyde Concentration and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in a Longitudinal Study of Gestational Diabetes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155353. [PMID: 27228087 PMCID: PMC4882015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The main goal of this study was to evaluate the presence of oxidative damage and to quantify its level in gestational diabetes. Methods Thirty-six healthy women and thirty-six women with gestational diabetes were studied in the three trimesters of pregnancy regarding their levels of oxidative stress markers. These women were diagnosed with diabetes in the second trimester of pregnancy. Blood glucose levels after 100g glucose tolerance test were higher than 190, 165 or 145 mg/dl, 1, 2 or 3 hours after glucose intake. Results The group of women with gestational diabetes had higher serum malondialdehyde levels, with significant differences between groups in the first and second trimester. The mean values of serum glutathione peroxidase activity in the diabetic women were significantly lower in the first trimester. In the group of women with gestational diabetes there was a negative linear correlation between serum malondialdehyde concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in the second and third trimester. Conclusions In this observational and longitudinal study in pregnant women, the alterations attributable to oxidative stress were present before the biochemical detection of the HbA1c increase. Usual recommendations once GD is detected (adequate metabolic control, as well as any other normally proposed to these patients) lowered the concentration of malondialdehyde at the end of pregnancy to the same levels of the healthy controls. Serum glutathione peroxidase activity in women with gestational diabetes increased during the gestational period.
Collapse
|
37
|
Borgi L, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Forman JP. Potato intake and incidence of hypertension: results from three prospective US cohort studies. J Nutr 2016. [PMID: 27189229 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz047 10.1136/bmj.i2351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether higher intake of baked or boiled potatoes, French fries, or potato chips is associated with incidence of hypertension. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal cohort studies. SETTING Healthcare providers in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 62 175 women in Nurses' Health Study, 88 475 women in Nurses' Health Study II, and 36 803 men in Health Professionals Follow-up Study who were non-hypertensive at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incident cases of hypertension (self reported diagnosis by healthcare provider). RESULTS Compared with consumption of less than one serving a month, the random effects pooled hazard ratios for four or more servings a week were 1.11 (95% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.28; P for trend=0.05) for baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes, 1.17 (1.07 to 1.27; P for trend=0.001) for French fries, and 0.97 (0.87 to 1.08; P for trend=0.98) for potato chips. In substitution analyses, replacing one serving a day of baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes with one serving a day of non-starchy vegetables was associated with decreased risk of hypertension (hazard ratio 0.93, 0.89 to 0.96). CONCLUSION Higher intake of baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes and French fries was independently and prospectively associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension in three large cohorts of adult men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Borgi
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - John P Forman
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Borgi L, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Forman JP. Potato intake and incidence of hypertension: results from three prospective US cohort studies. BMJ 2016; 353:i2351. [PMID: 27189229 PMCID: PMC4870381 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i2351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether higher intake of baked or boiled potatoes, French fries, or potato chips is associated with incidence of hypertension. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal cohort studies. SETTING Healthcare providers in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 62 175 women in Nurses' Health Study, 88 475 women in Nurses' Health Study II, and 36 803 men in Health Professionals Follow-up Study who were non-hypertensive at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incident cases of hypertension (self reported diagnosis by healthcare provider). RESULTS Compared with consumption of less than one serving a month, the random effects pooled hazard ratios for four or more servings a week were 1.11 (95% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.28; P for trend=0.05) for baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes, 1.17 (1.07 to 1.27; P for trend=0.001) for French fries, and 0.97 (0.87 to 1.08; P for trend=0.98) for potato chips. In substitution analyses, replacing one serving a day of baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes with one serving a day of non-starchy vegetables was associated with decreased risk of hypertension (hazard ratio 0.93, 0.89 to 0.96). CONCLUSION Higher intake of baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes and French fries was independently and prospectively associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension in three large cohorts of adult men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Borgi
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - John P Forman
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Angelopoulos TJ, Lowndes J, Sinnett S, Rippe JM. Fructose Containing Sugars at Normal Levels of Consumption Do Not Effect Adversely Components of the Metabolic Syndrome and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease. Nutrients 2016; 8:179. [PMID: 27023594 PMCID: PMC4848648 DOI: 10.3390/nu8040179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to explore our hypothesis that average consumption of fructose and fructose containing sugars would not increase risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). A randomized, double blind, parallel group study was conducted where 267 individuals with BMI between 23 and 35 kg/m2 consumed low fat sugar sweetened milk, daily for ten weeks as part of usual weight-maintenance diet. One group consumed 18% of calories from high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), another group consumed 18% of calories from sucrose, a third group consumed 9% of calories from fructose, and the fourth group consumed 9% of calories from glucose. There was a small change in waist circumference (80.9 ± 9.5 vs. 81.5 ± 9.5 cm) in the entire cohort, as well as in total cholesterol (4.6 ± 1.0 vs. 4.7 ± 1.0 mmol/L, p < 0.01), triglycerides (TGs) (11.5 ± 6.4 vs. 12.6 ± 8.9 mmol/L, p < 0.01), and systolic (109.2 ± 10.2 vs. 106.1 ± 10.4 mmHg, p < 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (69.8 ± 8.7 vs. 68.1 ± 9.7 mmHg, p < 0.01). The effects of commonly consumed sugars on components of the MetS and CVD risk factors are minimal, mixed and not clinically significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore J Angelopoulos
- Obesity Research Center, School of Health Sciences, Emory & Henry College, 601 Radio Hill Rd, Marion, VA 24354, USA.
| | - Joshua Lowndes
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute of Florida, 215 Celebration Place, Celebration, FL 34747, USA.
| | - Stephanie Sinnett
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute of Florida, 215 Celebration Place, Celebration, FL 34747, USA.
| | - James M Rippe
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute of Florida, 215 Celebration Place, Celebration, FL 34747, USA.
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute, 21 North Quinsigamond Avenue, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA.
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jacome-Sosa M, Parks EJ, Bruno RS, Tasali E, Lewis GF, Schneeman BO, Rains TM. Postprandial Metabolism of Macronutrients and Cardiometabolic Risk: Recent Developments, Emerging Concepts, and Future Directions. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:364-74. [PMID: 26980820 PMCID: PMC4785471 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.010397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Although the role of habitual lifestyle factors such as physical activity and dietary patterns in increasing CVD risk has long been appreciated, less is known about how acute daily activities may cumulatively contribute to long-term disease risk. Here, the term acute refers to metabolic responses occurring in a short period of time after eating, and the goal of this article is to review recently identified stressors that can occur after meals and during the sleep-wake cycle to affect macronutrient metabolism. It is hypothesized that these events, when repeated on a regular basis, contribute to the observed long-term behavioral risks identified in population studies. In this regard, developments in research methods have supported key advancements in 3 fields of macronutrient metabolism. The first of these research areas is the focus on the immediate postmeal metabolism, spanning from early intestinal adsorptive events to the impact of incretin hormones on these events. The second topic is a focus on the importance of meal components on postprandial vasculature function. Finally, some of the most exciting advances are being made in understanding dysregulation in metabolism early in the day, due to insufficient sleep, that may affect subsequent processing of nutrients throughout the day. Key future research questions are highlighted which will lead to a better understanding of the relations between nocturnal, basal (fasting), and early postmeal events, and aid in the development of optimal sleep and targeted dietary patterns to reduce cardiometabolic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Jacome-Sosa
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Elizabeth J Parks
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO;
| | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Esra Tasali
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Gary F Lewis
- Banting and Best Diabetes Center and Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dai J, Liu H, Zhou J, Huang K. Selenoprotein R Protects Human Lens Epithelial Cells against D-Galactose-Induced Apoptosis by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:231. [PMID: 26875981 PMCID: PMC4783963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential micronutrient for humans. Much of selenium's beneficial influence on health is attributed to its presence within 25 selenoproteins. Selenoprotein R (SelR), known as methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 (MsrB1), is a selenium-dependent enzyme that, like other Msrs, is required for lens cell viability. In order to investigate the roles of SelR in protecting human lens epithelial (hLE) cells against damage, the influences of SelR gene knockdown on d-galactose-induced apoptosis in hLE cells were studied. The results showed that both d-galactose and SelR gene knockdown by siRNA independently induced oxidative stress. When SelR-gene-silenced hLE cells were exposed to d-galactose, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) protein level was further increased, mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly decreased and accompanied by a release of mitochondrial cytochrome c. At the same time, the apoptosis cells percentage and the caspase-3 activity were visibly elevated in hLE cells. These results suggested that SelR might protect hLE cell mitochondria and mitigating apoptosis in hLE cells against oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by d-galactose, implying that selenium as a micronutrient may play important roles in hLE cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Kaixun Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kushwaha PS, Singh AK, Keshari AK, Maity S, Saha S. An Updated Review on the Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Clinical Trials of Salacia oblonga. Pharmacogn Rev 2016; 10:109-114. [PMID: 28082793 PMCID: PMC5214554 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.194046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salacia oblonga (S. oblonga), a perennial herb, has been used for thousands of years in ayurvedic medicine and is closely associated with prevention, treatment, and cure of various human ailments such as obesity and diabetes. A vast and wide range of chemical compounds such as polyphenols, friedelane-type triterpenes, norfriedelane-type triterpenes, eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes including various glycosides had been isolated from this plant. This review is aimed to survey the literature covering the phytochemistry and pharmacology of S. oblonga and to review the scientific data including active components and their multi-targeted mechanisms of action against various metabolic syndromes. We also included clinical trials related to this plant in this review. The overview would assist researchers to gather scientific information related to S. oblonga in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit K Keshari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Siddhartha Maity
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mellor DD, Sathyapalan T, Kilpatrick ES, Atkin SL. Diabetes and chocolate: friend or foe? JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9910-9918. [PMID: 25775252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols and other compounds found in cocoa and chocolate have therapeutic potential in the management of diabetes in humans. Polyphenol benefits have been proposed supported by in vitro studies, animal work, and clinical trials, which have been conducted mostly in healthy volunteers. The energy-dense formulations of many cocoa and chocolate products, which can be up to 50% sugar by weight, have given the perception that chocolate may be harmful through its contribution to obesity. A review of both clinical trial databases and published literature yielded 15 registered trials and 7 published studies. The published data interventions reported are diverse and vary widely in quality, including poor selection of control products or inadequate blinding procedures. There are also inconsistencies in reporting of data with limited information on the effect of cocoa and chocolate supplementation on weight and glycemic control despite the potential benefits reported with respect to the cardiovascular risk factors of endothelial function and lipids. More studies are required powered for primary clinical outcomes together with the development of standardized product formulations that optimize the dose of polyphenols within a palatable and energy-restricted product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duane D Mellor
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham , Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
- Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom
- Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham , Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
- Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom
- Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eric S Kilpatrick
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham , Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
- Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom
- Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Stephen L Atkin
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham , Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
- Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom
- Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
DiNicolantonio JJ, Bhutani J, O'Keefe JH. Acarbose: safe and effective for lowering postprandial hyperglycaemia and improving cardiovascular outcomes. Open Heart 2015; 2:e000327. [PMID: 26512331 PMCID: PMC4620230 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2015-000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are a class of oral glucose-lowering drugs used exclusively for treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus. AGIs act by altering the intestinal absorption of carbohydrates through inhibition of their conversion into simple sugars (monosaccharides) and thus decrease the bioavailability of carbohydrates in the body, significantly lowering blood glucose levels. The three AGIs used in clinical practice are acarbose, voglibose and miglitol. This review will focus on the cardiovascular properties of acarbose. The current available data suggest that AGIs (particularly acarbose) may be safe and effective for the treatment of prediabetes and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James H O'Keefe
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute , Kansas City, Missouri , USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Jovanovski E, Zurbau A, Vuksan V. Carbohydrates and endothelial function: is a low-carbohydrate diet or a low-glycemic index diet favourable for vascular health? Clin Nutr Res 2015; 4:69-75. [PMID: 25954727 PMCID: PMC4418418 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-carbohydrate diets have become increasingly popular in both media and clinical research settings. Although they may improve some metabolic markers, their effects on arterial function remain unclear. Endothelial dysfunction is the well-established response to cardiovascular risk factors and a pivotal feature that precedes atherosclerotic diseases. It has been demonstrated that a high carbohydrate-induced hyperglycemia and subsequent oxidative stress acutely worsen the efficacy of the endothelial vasodilatory system. Thus, in theory, a carbohydrate restricted diet may preserve the integrity of the arterial system. This review attempts to provide insight on whether low-carbohydrate diets have a favorable or detrimental impact on vascular function, or it is perhaps the quality of carbohydrate that should direct dietary recommendations. Research to date suggests that diets low in carbohydrate amount may negatively impact vascular endothelial function. Conversely, it appears that maintaining recommended carbohydrate intake with utilization of low glycemic index foods generates a more favorable vascular profile. Understanding these relationships will aid in deciphering the diverging role of modulating quantity and quality of carbohydrates on cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Jovanovski
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Andreea Zurbau
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Vladimir Vuksan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada. ; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada. ; Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1M4, Canada ; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Alaei-Shahmiri F, Zhao Y, Sherriff J. Assessment of vascular function in individuals with hyperglycemia: a cross-sectional study of glucose - induced changes in digital volume pulse. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2015; 14:23. [PMID: 25897416 PMCID: PMC4403892 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-015-0153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and its progression may be accelerated in the presence of hyperglycemia, either fasting or postprandial. The current study assessed vascular function in subjects with pre-diabetes hyperglycemia, using digital volume pulse analysis technique. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study examining vascular function in the fasting and postprandial (glucose-induced) state in 44 adults, consisting of 17 subjects with pre-diabetic hyperglycemia and 27 normoglycemic volunteers. Photoplethysmography of the digital volume pulse (DVP) was used to determine stiffness index (SI) and reflective index (RI), as main measures of larger artery stiffness and vascular tone, respectively. Results Our results showed a significantly higher (Ln) fasting SI in the hyperglycemic group compared with the control group (2.19 ± 0.32 vs. 1.96 ± 0.22, P = 0.005). However, this pattern reversed after adjustment for potential confounders. In multiple linear regression analysis, (Ln) SI was related to age (β = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.01-0.02, P < 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00-0.01, P < 0.05), but not with W/H, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or serum lipids. Furthermore, age (β = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01-0.03, P < 0.001) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (β = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00-0.02, P < 0.05) were found as the strong predictors of fasting SI in hyperglycemic group. Neither FPG nor 2-h plasma glucose was a significant predictor for SI in hyperglycemic group, after accounting for age and MAP. Subjects with hyperglycemia had a 15% blunted change in postprandial AUCs for RI, adjusted for the respective baseline measurements (−9.40 ± 3.59 vs. -11.00 ± 2.84%) but these did not attain statistical significance. Conclusion Increased arterial stiffness in pre-diabetic subjects is strongly associated with age and MAP. The increased DVP-derived SI reported in patients with pre-diabetic hyperglycemia may result from different frequently accompanied risk factors not just glycemic changes in this range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Alaei-Shahmiri
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia ; Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Yun Zhao
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Jill Sherriff
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Maas AH, Rozendaal YJW, van Pul C, Hilbers PAJ, Cottaar WJ, Haak HR, van Riel NAW. A physiology-based model describing heterogeneity in glucose metabolism: the core of the Eindhoven Diabetes Education Simulator (E-DES). J Diabetes Sci Technol 2015; 9:282-92. [PMID: 25526760 PMCID: PMC4604593 DOI: 10.1177/1932296814562607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Current diabetes education methods are costly, time-consuming, and do not actively engage the patient. Here, we describe the development and verification of the physiological model for healthy subjects that forms the basis of the Eindhoven Diabetes Education Simulator (E-DES). E-DES shall provide diabetes patients with an individualized virtual practice environment incorporating the main factors that influence glycemic control: food, exercise, and medication. The physiological model consists of 4 compartments for which the inflow and outflow of glucose and insulin are calculated using 6 nonlinear coupled differential equations and 14 parameters. These parameters are estimated on 12 sets of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) data (226 healthy subjects) obtained from literature. The resulting parameter set is verified on 8 separate literature OGTT data sets (229 subjects). The model is considered verified if 95% of the glucose data points lie within an acceptance range of ±20% of the corresponding model value. All glucose data points of the verification data sets lie within the predefined acceptance range. Physiological processes represented in the model include insulin resistance and β-cell function. Adjusting the corresponding parameters allows to describe heterogeneity in the data and shows the capabilities of this model for individualization. We have verified the physiological model of the E-DES for healthy subjects. Heterogeneity of the data has successfully been modeled by adjusting the 4 parameters describing insulin resistance and β-cell function. Our model will form the basis of a simulator providing individualized education on glucose control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne H Maas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands Stan Ackermans Institute - Design of Technology and Instrumentation, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne J W Rozendaal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Carola van Pul
- Department of Clinical Physics, Máxima Medical Center Veldhoven, Veldhoven, Netherlands
| | - Peter A J Hilbers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ward J Cottaar
- Stan Ackermans Institute - Design of Technology and Instrumentation, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Harm R Haak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Section Acute Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands Department of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Natal A W van Riel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Oskarsson V, Sadr-Azodi O, Orsini N, Andrén-Sandberg Å, Wolk A. High dietary glycemic load increases the risk of non-gallstone-related acute pancreatitis: a prospective cohort study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 12:676-82. [PMID: 24100113 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Obesity and type 2 diabetes--diseases linked to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance--have been positively associated with the risk of acute pancreatitis. However, it is unclear whether consumption of foods that increase postprandial glycemia and insulinemia have similar associations. We examined the association between dietary glycemic load and risk of non-gallstone-related acute pancreatitis. METHODS We performed a prospective study of 44,791 men and 36,309 women (aged 45-84 years), without a history of acute pancreatitis, from the Cohort of Swedish Men and the Swedish Mammography Cohort. Glycemic loads were calculated from food frequency questionnaire data collected in 1997, and participants were followed for the development of non-gallstone-related acute pancreatitis through 2010 via linkage to the Swedish National Patient Register. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS During a total follow-up of 967,568 person-years, there were 364 cases of incident non-gallstone-related acute pancreatitis (236 in men and 128 in women). Incidence rates, standardized for age and sex, were 49 cases per 100,000 person-years in the highest quartile of glycemic load and 33 cases per 100,000 person-years in the lowest. The multivariate-adjusted HR of non-gallstone-related acute pancreatitis was 1.60 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-2.18) for the highest compared with the lowest quartile. Every 50-unit increase in glycemic load per day (∼ 3 servings of white bread) had an HR of 1.38 in men (95% CI, 1.11-1.72) and women (95% CI, 1.02-1.86). CONCLUSIONS Based on a large, prospective cohort study, diets with high glycemic load are associated with an increased risk of non-gallstone-related acute pancreatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Oskarsson
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Omid Sadr-Azodi
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Upper Gastrointestinal Research, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicola Orsini
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åke Andrén-Sandberg
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Vinoy S, Normand S, Meynier A, Sothier M, Louche-Pelissier C, Peyrat J, Maitrepierre C, Nazare JA, Brand-Miller J, Laville M. Cereal processing influences postprandial glucose metabolism as well as the GI effect. J Am Coll Nutr 2014; 32:79-91. [PMID: 24015715 PMCID: PMC4673596 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2013.789336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Technological processes may influence the release of glucose in starch. The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic response and the kinetics of appearance of exogenous glucose from 2 cereal products consumed at breakfast. Methods: Twenty-five healthy men were submitted to a randomized, open, crossover study that was divided into 2 parts: 12 of the 25 subjects were included in the “isotope part,” and the 13 other subjects were included in the “glycemic part.” On test days, subjects received biscuits (low glycemic index [GI], high slowly available glucose [SAG]) or extruded cereals (medium GI, low SAG) as part of a breakfast similar in terms of caloric and macronutrient content. The postprandial phase lasted 270 minutes. Results: The rate of appearance (RaE) of exogenous glucose was significantly lower after consumption of biscuits in the first part of the morning (90–150 minutes) than after consumption of extruded cereals (p ≤ 0.05). Conversely, at 210 minutes, it was significantly higher with biscuits (p ≤ 0.01). For the first 2 hours, plasma glucose and insulin were significantly lower after biscuits during the glycemic part. C-peptide plasma concentrations were significantly lower at 90, 120, and 150 minutes after ingestion of the biscuits (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The consumption of biscuits with a high content of slowly digestible starch reduces the appearance rate of glucose in the first part of the morning and prolongs this release in the late phase of the morning (210 minutes). Our results also emphasize that modulation of glucose availability at breakfast is an important factor for metabolic control throughout the morning in healthy subjects due to the lowering of blood glucose and insulin excursions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Vinoy
- a Mondelez International R&D, Nutrition Department , Saclay , FRANCE
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lowndes J, Sinnett S, Pardo S, Nguyen VT, Melanson KJ, Yu Z, Lowther BE, Rippe JM. The effect of normally consumed amounts of sucrose or high fructose corn syrup on lipid profiles, body composition and related parameters in overweight/obese subjects. Nutrients 2014; 6:1128-44. [PMID: 24642950 PMCID: PMC3967182 DOI: 10.3390/nu6031128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The American Heart Association (AHA) has advocated that women and men not consume more than 100 and 150 kcal/day, respectively, from added sugars. These levels are currently exceeded by over 90% of the adult population in the United States. Few data exist on longer-term metabolic effects when sucrose and High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), the principal sources of added dietary sugars, are consumed at levels typical of the general population. Sixty five overweight and obese individuals were placed on a eucaloric (weight stable) diet for 10-weeks, which incorporated sucrose- or HFCS-sweetened, low-fat milk at 10% or 20% of calories in a randomized, double-blinded study. All groups responded similarly (interaction p > 0.05). There was no change in body weight in any of the groups over the 10-week study, or in systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Likewise, there were no changes in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or apolipoprotein B (Apo B). We conclude that (1) when consumed as part of a eucaloric diet fructose--when given with glucose (as normally consumed) does not promote weight gain or an atherogenic lipid profile even when consumed at two to four times the level recently recommended by the AHA. (2) There were no differences between HFCS and sucrose on these parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Lowndes
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute, 215 Celebration Place, Suite 300, Celebration, FL 34747, USA.
| | - Stephanie Sinnett
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute, 215 Celebration Place, Suite 300, Celebration, FL 34747, USA.
| | - Sabrina Pardo
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute, 215 Celebration Place, Suite 300, Celebration, FL 34747, USA.
| | - Von T Nguyen
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute, 215 Celebration Place, Suite 300, Celebration, FL 34747, USA.
| | - Kathleen J Melanson
- Energy Balance Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Zhiping Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32256, USA.
| | - Britte E Lowther
- Britte Lowther, 4302 39th Street West, Apt # 11, Bradenton, FL 34015 , USA.
| | - James M Rippe
- Rippe Lifestyle Institute, 215 Celebration Place, Suite 300, Celebration, FL 34747, USA.
| |
Collapse
|