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Khator K, Parihar S, Jasik J, Shekhawat GS. Nitric oxide in plants: an insight on redox activity and responses toward abiotic stress signaling. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2298053. [PMID: 38190763 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2298053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Plants, as sessile organisms, are subjected to diverse abiotic stresses, including salinity, desiccation, metal toxicity, thermal fluctuations, and hypoxia at different phases of plant growth. Plants can activate messenger molecules to initiate a signaling cascade of response toward environmental stresses that results in either cell death or plant acclimation. Nitric oxide (NO) is a small gaseous redox-active molecule that exhibits a plethora of physiological functions in growth, development, flowering, senescence, stomata closure and responses to environmental stresses. It can also facilitate alteration in protein function and reprogram the gene profiling by direct or indirect interaction with different target molecules. The bioactivity of NO can be manifested through different redox-based protein modifications including S-nitrosylation, protein nitration, and metal nitrosylation in plants. Although there has been considerable progress in the role of NO in regulating stress signaling, still the physiological mechanisms regarding the abiotic stress tolerance in plants remain unclear. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the emerging knowledge regarding NO function in plant tolerance against abiotic stresses. The manuscript also highlighted the importance of NO as an abiotic stress modulator and developed a rational design for crop cultivation under a stress environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Khator
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany (UGC-CAS) Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, India
| | - Suman Parihar
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany (UGC-CAS) Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, India
| | - Jan Jasik
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gyan Singh Shekhawat
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany (UGC-CAS) Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, India
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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2
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Lewis A. A hypothesis of teleological evolution, via endogenous acetylcholine, nitric oxide, and calmodulin pathways. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 188:68-76. [PMID: 38552848 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES) addresses the issues in evolutionary biology which cannot be explained by neo-Darwinian theory. The EES paradigm recognises teleology and agency in living systems, and identifies that organisms can directly affect their evolutionary trajectory in a goal-directed manner, yet the physiological pathways via which this occurs remain unidentified. Here, I propose a physiological pathway via which organisms can alter their genotype and phenotype by making behavioural decisions with respect their activity levels, partitioning of resources either toward growth, defence against disease, or their behavioural response to stressors. Specifically, I hypothesize that agential, teleological decisions mediated by acetylcholine result in induced nitric oxide (NO) activity, which regulates metabolism, blood flow, and immune response. Nitric oxide, however, is also a key epigenetic molecule, being involved in DNA acetylation, methylation, and de-methylation. Further, NO alters the histone complexes which scaffold nuclear DNA strands, and is thus a good candidate in identifying a system which allows an organisms to make teleological genetic changes. The proposed mechanisms of inheritance of these genetic changes is via the paternal line, whereby epigenetic changes in the somatic Sertoli cells in animals are transcribed by mRNA and included in the germline cells - the male gametes. The microsporangium in plants, and the sporophore cells in fungi, meanwhile, are proposed to form similar systems in response to sensory detection of stressors. Whilst the hypothesis is presented as a simplified model for future testing, it opens new avenues for study in evolutionary biology.
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Rahman A, Kulik E, Majláth I, Khan I, Janda T, Pál M. Different reactions of wheat, maize, and rice plants to putrescine treatment. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:807-822. [PMID: 38846465 PMCID: PMC11150351 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Polyamines play an important role in growth and differentiation by regulating numerous physiological and biochemical processes at the cellular level. In addition to their roborative effect, their essential role in plant stress responses has been also reported. However, the positive effect may depend on the fine-tuning of polyamine metabolism, which influences the production of free radicals and/or signalling molecules. In the present study, 0.3 mM hydroponic putrescine treatment was tested in wheat, maize, and rice in order to reveal differences in their answers and highlight the relation of these with polyamine metabolism. In the case of wheat, the chlorophyll content and the actual quantum yield increased after putrescine treatment, and no remarkable changes were detected in the stress markers, polyamine contents, or polyamine metabolism-related gene expression. Although, in maize, the actual quantum yield decreased, and the root hydrogen peroxide content increased, no other negative effect was observed after putrescine treatment due to activation of polyamine oxidases at enzyme and gene expression levels. The results also demonstrated that after putrescine treatment, rice with a higher initial polyamine content, the balance of polyamine metabolism was disrupted and a significant amount of putrescine was accumulated, accompanied by a detrimental decrease in the level of higher polyamines. These initial differences and the putrescine-induced shift in polyamine metabolism together with the terminal catabolism or back-conversion-induced release of a substantial quantity of hydrogen peroxide could contribute to oxidative stress observed in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altafur Rahman
- Department of Plant Physiology and Metabolomics, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Brunszvik 2, Martonvásár, 2462 Hungary
- Department of Plant Physiology and Plant Ecology, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, 1118 Hungary
| | | | - Imre Majláth
- Department of Plant Physiology and Metabolomics, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Brunszvik 2, Martonvásár, 2462 Hungary
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Plant Physiology and Plant Ecology, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, 1118 Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Department of Plant Physiology and Metabolomics, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Brunszvik 2, Martonvásár, 2462 Hungary
| | - Magda Pál
- Department of Plant Physiology and Metabolomics, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Brunszvik 2, Martonvásár, 2462 Hungary
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4
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Hossain Z, Zhao S, Liu K, Li L, Hubbard M. Deciphering Aphanomyces euteiches-pea-biocontrol bacterium interactions through untargeted metabolomics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8877. [PMID: 38632368 PMCID: PMC11024177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52949-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aphanomyces euteiches causes root rot in pea, leading to significant yield losses. However, the metabolites involved in this pathosystem have not been thoroughly studied. This study aimed to fill this gap and explore mechanisms of bacterial suppression of A. euteiches via untargeted metabolomics using pea grown in a controlled environment. Chemical isotope labeling (CIL), followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), was used for metabolite separation and detection. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed clear separation of metabolites from pathogen-treated pea roots and roots from other treatments. A three-tier approach positively or putatively identified 5249 peak pairs or metabolites. Of these, 403 were positively identified in tier 1; 940 were putatively identified with high confidence in tier 2. There were substantial changes in amino acid pool, and fatty acid and phenylpropanoid pathway products. More metabolites, including salicylic and jasmonic acids, were upregulated than downregulated in A. euteiches-infected roots. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and 12-oxophytodienoic acid were upregulated in A. euteiches + bacterium-treated roots compared to A. euteiches-infected roots. A great number of metabolites were up- or down-regulated in response to A. euteiches infection compared with the control and A. euteiches + bacterium-treated plants. The results of this study could facilitate improved disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Hossain
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada.
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Kui Liu
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michelle Hubbard
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2, Canada.
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Yuan Y, Tan M, Zhou M, Hassan MJ, Lin L, Lin J, Zhang Y, Li Z. Drought priming-induced stress memory improves subsequent drought or heat tolerance via activation of γ-aminobutyric acid-regulated pathways in creeping bentgrass. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024. [PMID: 38509772 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Recurrent drought can induce stress memory in plants to induce tolerance to subsequent stress, such as high temperature or drought. Drought priming (DP) is an effective approach to improve tolerance to various stresses; however, the potential mechanism of DP-induced stress memory has not been fully resoved. We examined DP-regulated subsequent drought tolerance or thermotolerance associated with changes in physiological responses, GABA and NO metabolism, heat shock factor (HSF) and dehydrin (DHN) pathways in perennial creeping bentgrass. Plants can recover after two cycle of DP, and DP-treated plants had significantly higher tolerance to subsequent drought or heat stress, with higher leaf RWC, Chl content, photochemical efficiency, and cell membrane stability. DP significantly alleviated oxidative damage through enhancing total antioxidant capacity in response to subsequent drought or heat stress. Endogenous GABA was significantly increased by DP through activating glutamic acid decarboxylase activity and inhibiting GABA transaminase activity. DP also enhanced accumulation of NO, depending on NOS activity, under subsequent drought or heat stress. Transcript levels of multiple transcription factors, heat shock proteins, and DHNs in the HSF and DHN pathways were up-regulated by DP under drought or heat stress, but there were differences between DP-regulated heat tolerance and drought tolerance in these pathways. The findings indicate that under recurrent moderate drought, DP improves subsequent tolerance to drought or heat stress in relation to GABA-regulated pathways, providing new insight into understanding of the role of stress memory in plant adaptation to complex environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yuan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - M Tan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - M Zhou
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - M J Hassan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Lin
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Lin
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Z Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Ahmad B, Mukarram M, Choudhary S, Petrík P, Dar TA, Khan MMA. Adaptive responses of nitric oxide (NO) and its intricate dialogue with phytohormones during salinity stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108504. [PMID: 38507841 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical that acts as a messenger for various plant phenomena corresponding to photomorphogenesis, fertilisation, flowering, germination, growth, and productivity. Recent developments have suggested the critical role of NO in inducing adaptive responses in plants during salinity. NO minimises salinity-induced photosynthetic damage and improves plant-water relation, nutrient uptake, stomatal conductance, electron transport, and ROS and antioxidant metabolism. NO contributes active participation in ABA-mediated stomatal regulation. Similar crosstalk of NO with other phytohormones such as auxins (IAAs), gibberellins (GAs), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid (SA), strigolactones (SLs), and brassinosteroids (BRs) were also observed. Additionally, we discuss NO interaction with other gaseous signalling molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive sulphur species (RSS). Conclusively, the present review traces critical events in NO-induced morpho-physiological adjustments under salt stress and discusses how such modulations upgrade plant resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India; Department of Botany, Govt Degree College for Women, Pulwama, University of Kashmir, 192301, India
| | - Mohammad Mukarram
- Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia; Food and Plant Biology Group, Department of Plant Biology, School of Agriculture, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Sadaf Choudhary
- Department of Botany, Govt Degree College for Women, Pulwama, University of Kashmir, 192301, India
| | - Peter Petrík
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research-Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Kreuzeckbahnstraße 19, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Tariq Ahmad Dar
- Sri Pratap College, Cluster University Srinagar, 190001, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
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Yu NN, Park G. Nitric Oxide in Fungi: Production and Function. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:155. [PMID: 38392826 PMCID: PMC10889981 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized in all kingdoms of life, where it plays a role in the regulation of various physiological and developmental processes. In terms of endogenous NO biology, fungi have been less well researched than mammals, plants, and bacteria. In this review, we summarize and discuss the studies to date on intracellular NO biosynthesis and function in fungi. Two mechanisms for NO biosynthesis, NO synthase (NOS)-mediated arginine oxidation and nitrate- and nitrite-reductase-mediated nitrite reduction, are the most frequently reported. Furthermore, we summarize the multifaceted functions of NO in fungi as well as its role as a signaling molecule in fungal growth regulation, development, abiotic stress, virulence regulation, and metabolism. Finally, we present potential directions for future research on fungal NO biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Yu
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Plasma-Bio Display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungsoon Park
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Plasma-Bio Display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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Li S, Sun JY, Wang HY, Jing HK, Shen RF, Zhu XF. Auxin acts upstream of nitric oxide to regulate cell wall xyloglucan and its aluminium-binding capacity in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTA 2024; 259:52. [PMID: 38289400 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Auxin acts upstream of NO through NOA and XXT5 pathways to regulate the binding capacity of the root cell wall to Al. In our previous study, we identified an unknown mechanism by which 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) decreased the fixation of aluminum (Al) in the cell wall. Here, we observed that external application of the nitric oxide (NO) donor S-nitrosoglutathion (GSNO) increased the inhibition of Al on root elongation. Further analysis indicated that GSNO could induce Al accumulation in the roots and root cell walls, which is consistent with lower xyloglucan content. In comparison to the Columbia-0 (Col-0) wild type (WT), endogenous NO-reduced mutants noa1 (NOA pathway) and nia1nia2 (NR pathway) were more resistant to Al, with lower root Al content, higher xyloglucan content, and more Al accumulation in the root cell walls. By contrast, the xxt5 mutant with reduced xyloglucan content exhibited an Al-sensitive phenotype. Interestingly, Al treatment increased the endogenous auxin and NO levels, and the auxin levels induced under Al stress further stimulated NO production. Auxin application reduced Al retention in hemicellulose and decreased the xyloglucan content, similar to the effects observed with GSNO. In yucca and aux1-7 mutants, exogenous application of NO resulted in responses similar to those of the WT, whereas exogenous auxin had little effect on the noa1 mutant under Al stress. In addition, as auxin had similar effects on the nia1nia2 mutant and the WT, exogenous auxin and NO had little effect on the xxt5 mutant under Al stress, further confirming that auxin acts upstream of NO through NOA and XXT5 pathways to regulate the binding capacity of the root cell wall to Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jie Ya Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Hao Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Huai Kang Jing
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiao Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Bibi G, Shafique I, Ali S, Ahmad R, Shah MM, Naqvi TA, Zeb I, Maathuis FJM, Hussain J. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate improves salt tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:111-124. [PMID: 37610631 PMCID: PMC10764492 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic nucleotide cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a powerful cell signaling molecule involved in biotic and abiotic stress perception and signal transduction. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, salt and osmotic stress rapidly induce increase in cGMP which plays role by modulating the activity of monovalent cation transporters, possibly by direct binding to these proteins and by altering the expression of many abiotic stress responsive genes. In a recent study, a membrane permeable analogue of cGMP (8-bromo-cGMP) was found to have a promotive effect on soluble sugar, flavonoids and lignin content, and membrane integrity in Solanum lycopersicum seedlings under salt stress. However, it remains to be elucidated how salt stress affects the endogenous cGMP level in S. lycopersicum and if Br-cGMP-induced improvement in salt tolerance in S. lycopersicum involves altered cation fluxes. The current study was conducted to answer these questions. A rapid increase (within 30 s) in endogenous cGMP level was determined in S. lycopersicum roots after treatment with 100 mM NaCl. Addition of membrane permeable Br-cGMP in growth medium remarkably ameliorated the inhibitory effects of NaCl on seedlings' growth parameters, chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis rate. In salt stressed plants, Br-cGMP significantly decreased Na+ content by reducing its influx and increasing efflux while it improved plants K+ content by reducing its efflux and enhancing influx. Furthermore, supplementation with Br-cGMP improved plant's proline content and total antioxidant capacity, resulting in markedly decreased electrolyte leakage under salt stress. Br-cGMP increased the expression of Na+/H+ antiporter genes in roots and shoots of S. lycopersicum growing under salt stress, potentially enhancing plant's ability to sequester Na+ into the vacuole. The findings of this study provide insights into the mechanism of cGMP-induced salt stress tolerance in S. lycopersicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnaz Bibi
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Shafique
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sartaj Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Raza Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Maroof Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Tatheer Alam Naqvi
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Zeb
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | | | - Jamshaid Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Tobe Camp, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
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Chae HB, Bae SB, Paeng SK, Wi SD, Thi Phan KA, Lee SY. S-nitrosylation switches the Arabidopsis redox sensor protein, QSOX1, from an oxidoreductase to a molecular chaperone under heat stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108219. [PMID: 38048703 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 1 (QSOX1) thiol-based redox sensor has been identified as a negative regulator of plant immunity. Here, we have found that small molecular weight proteins of QSOX1 were converted to high molecular weight (HMW) complexes upon exposure to heat stress and that this was accompanied by a switch in QSOX1 function from a thiol-reductase to a molecular chaperone. Plant treatment with S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), which causes nitrosylation of cysteine residues (S-nitrosylation), but not with H2O2, induced HMW QSOX1 complexes. Thus, functional switching of QSOX1 is induced by GSNO treatment. Accordingly, simultaneous treatment of plants with heat shock and GSNO led to a significant increase in QSOX1 chaperone activity by increasing its oligomerization. Consequently, transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing QSOX1 (QSOX1OE) showed strong resistance to heat shock, whereas qsox1 knockout plants exhibited high sensitivity to heat stress. Plant treatment with GSNO under heat stress conditions increased their resistance to heat shock. We conclude that S-nitrosylation allows the thiol-based redox sensor, QSOX1, to respond to various external stresses in multiple ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Byoung Chae
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Su Bin Bae
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Seol Ki Paeng
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Seong Dong Wi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Kieu Anh Thi Phan
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), PMBBRC, and Plant Biological Rhythm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
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11
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Baiyin B, Xiang Y, Hu J, Tagawa K, Son JE, Yamada S, Yang Q. Nutrient Solution Flowing Environment Affects Metabolite Synthesis Inducing Root Thigmomorphogenesis of Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) in Hydroponics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16616. [PMID: 38068940 PMCID: PMC10706437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The principal difference between hydroponics and other substrate cultivation methods is the flowing liquid hydroponic cultivation substrate. Our previous studies have revealed that a suitable flowing environment of nutrient solution promoted root development and plant growth, while an excess flow environment was unfavorable for plants. To explain the thigmomorphogenetic response of excess flow-induced metabolic changes, six groups of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), including two flow conditions and three time periods, were grown. Compared with the plants without flow, the plants with flow showed decreased root fresh weight, total root length, root surface area, and root volume but increased average root diameter and root density. The roots with flow had more upregulated metabolites than those without flow, suggesting that the flow may trigger metabolic synthesis and activity. Seventy-nine common differential metabolites among six groups were screened, and enrichment analysis showed the most significant enrichment in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Arginine was present in all the groups and exhibited greater concentrations in roots with flow than without flow. It can be speculated from the results that a high-flowing environment of nutrient solution promotes arginine synthesis, resulting in changes in root morphology. The findings provide insights on root thigmomorphogenesis affected by its growing conditions and help understand how plants respond to environmental mechanical forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bateer Baiyin
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (B.B.); (Y.X.); (J.H.)
| | - Yue Xiang
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (B.B.); (Y.X.); (J.H.)
| | - Jiangtao Hu
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (B.B.); (Y.X.); (J.H.)
| | - Kotaro Tagawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Jung Eek Son
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
| | - Satoshi Yamada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (K.T.); (S.Y.)
| | - Qichang Yang
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; (B.B.); (Y.X.); (J.H.)
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Zayed O, Hewedy OA, Abdelmoteleb A, Ali M, Youssef MS, Roumia AF, Seymour D, Yuan ZC. Nitrogen Journey in Plants: From Uptake to Metabolism, Stress Response, and Microbe Interaction. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1443. [PMID: 37892125 PMCID: PMC10605003 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants uptake and assimilate nitrogen from the soil in the form of nitrate, ammonium ions, and available amino acids from organic sources. Plant nitrate and ammonium transporters are responsible for nitrate and ammonium translocation from the soil into the roots. The unique structure of these transporters determines the specificity of each transporter, and structural analyses reveal the mechanisms by which these transporters function. Following absorption, the nitrogen metabolism pathway incorporates the nitrogen into organic compounds via glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase that convert ammonium ions into glutamine and glutamate. Different isoforms of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase exist, enabling plants to fine-tune nitrogen metabolism based on environmental cues. Under stressful conditions, nitric oxide has been found to enhance plant survival under drought stress. Furthermore, the interaction between salinity stress and nitrogen availability in plants has been studied, with nitric oxide identified as a potential mediator of responses to salt stress. Conversely, excessive use of nitrate fertilizers can lead to health and environmental issues. Therefore, alternative strategies, such as establishing nitrogen fixation in plants through diazotrophic microbiota, have been explored to reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers. Ultimately, genomics can identify new genes related to nitrogen fixation, which could be harnessed to improve plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Zayed
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 9250, USA;
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt;
| | - Omar A. Hewedy
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt;
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ali Abdelmoteleb
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Maryout Research Station, Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, 1 Mathaf El-Matarya St., El-Matareya, Cairo 11753, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed S. Youssef
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ahmed F. Roumia
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 32514, Egypt;
| | - Danelle Seymour
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 9250, USA;
| | - Ze-Chun Yuan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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Shehzad MA, Hussain I, Akhtar G, Ahmad KS, Nawaz F, Faried HN, Mehmood A. Insights into physiological and metabolic modulations instigated by exogenous sodium nitroprusside and spermidine reveals drought tolerance in Helianthus annuus L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107935. [PMID: 37579683 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the most critical climatic factor instigating severe threats to crop production worldwide. As stress ameliorants, exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or spermidine (Spd) supply has positive responses in alleviating the drought adversities in crops, however, reports regarding their combined effects is still elusive. Here, the protective role of SNP and Spd to confer drought resistance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) through up-regulation of physiological and metabolic processes was investigated. Plants were foliar sprayed with individual or combined SNP (100 μM) or Spd (100 μM). Drought was induced by keeping the soil at 100% (normal) and 60% (drought stress) field capacity levels. Drought exposure caused a marked decline in relative water content (RWC), excised leaf water retention (ELWR), net photosynthesis (PN), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and sub-stomatal conductance (Ci) with substantial increase in catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POX). SNP plus Spd exhibited a considerable increase in CAT, SOD, and POX activities under drought, and helped the plants to retain optimum water status and gas exchange attributes. Similarly, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were increased significantly to drought; however, a notable decline was recorded in drought prone plants treated with exogenous SNP plus Spd. Moreover, addition of SNP plus Spd under drought caused a remarkable increase in chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), chlorophyll total (Chl t), carotenoids (Car), and growth traits like shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW). Combined SNP and Spd application could potentially alleviate the drought-induced damages in sunflower through increased water status (8-10%), antioxidant enzymes (17-28%), chlorophyll pigments (14-21%), and growth performance (12-22%) under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asif Shehzad
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan.
| | - Israr Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Akhtar
- Department of Horticulture, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Khawaja Shafique Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR), 12350, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
| | - Fahim Nawaz
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Hafiz Nazar Faried
- Department of Horticulture, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Mehmood
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR), 12350, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
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Siddiqui MN, Pandey K, Bhadhury SK, Sadeqi B, Schneider M, Sanchez-Garcia M, Stich B, Schaaf G, Léon J, Ballvora A. Convergently selected NPF2.12 coordinates root growth and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat and barley. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2175-2193. [PMID: 36808608 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the genetic and molecular function of nitrate sensing and acquisition across crop species will accelerate breeding of cultivars with improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Here, we performed a genome-wide scan using wheat and barley accessions characterized under low and high N inputs that uncovered the NPF2.12 gene, encoding a homolog of the Arabidopsis nitrate transceptor NRT1.6 and other low-affinity nitrate transporters that belong to the MAJOR FACILITATOR SUPERFAMILY. Next, it is shown that variations in the NPF2.12 promoter correlated with altered NPF2.12 transcript levels where decreased gene expression was measured under low nitrate availability. Multiple field trials revealed a significantly enhanced N content in leaves and grains and NUE in the presence of the elite allele TaNPF2.12TT grown under low N conditions. Furthermore, the nitrate reductase encoding gene NIA1 was up-regulated in npf2.12 mutant upon low nitrate concentrations, thereby resulting in elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO) production. This increase in NO correlated with the higher root growth, nitrate uptake, and N translocation observed in the mutant when compared to wild-type. The presented data indicate that the elite haplotype alleles of NPF2.12 are convergently selected in wheat and barley that by inactivation indirectly contribute to root growth and NUE by activating NO signaling under low nitrate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nurealam Siddiqui
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Kailash Pandey
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Suzan Kumer Bhadhury
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Bahman Sadeqi
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Michael Schneider
- Institute for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miguel Sanchez-Garcia
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, 10101, Morocco
| | - Benjamin Stich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Gabriel Schaaf
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Jens Léon
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
- Field Lab Campus Klein-Altendorf, University of Bonn, Klein-Altendorf 2, Rheinbach, 53359, Germany
| | - Agim Ballvora
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
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15
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Daloso DDM, Morais EG, Oliveira E Silva KF, Williams TCR. Cell-type-specific metabolism in plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1093-1114. [PMID: 36987968 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Every plant organ contains tens of different cell types, each with a specialized function. These functions are intrinsically associated with specific metabolic flux distributions that permit the synthesis of the ATP, reducing equivalents and biosynthetic precursors demanded by the cell. Investigating such cell-type-specific metabolism is complicated by the mosaic of different cells within each tissue combined with the relative scarcity of certain types. However, techniques for the isolation of specific cells, their analysis in situ by microscopy, or modeling of their function in silico have permitted insight into cell-type-specific metabolism. In this review we present some of the methods used in the analysis of cell-type-specific metabolism before describing what we know about metabolism in several cell types that have been studied in depth; (i) leaf source and sink cells; (ii) glandular trichomes that are capable of rapid synthesis of specialized metabolites; (iii) guard cells that must accumulate large quantities of the osmolytes needed for stomatal opening; (iv) cells of seeds involved in storage of reserves; and (v) the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells of C4 plants that participate in a CO2 concentrating cycle. Metabolism is discussed in terms of its principal features, connection to cell function and what factors affect the flux distribution. Demand for precursors and energy, availability of substrates and suppression of deleterious processes are identified as key factors in shaping cell-type-specific metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo de Menezes Daloso
- Lab Plant, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CA, 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Eva Gomes Morais
- Lab Plant, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CA, 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Karen Fernanda Oliveira E Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
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16
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Le QT, Truong HA, Nguyen DT, Yang S, Xiong L, Lee H. Enhanced growth performance of abi5 plants under high salt and nitrate is associated with reduced nitric oxide levels. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 286:154000. [PMID: 37207503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Numerous environmental stresses have a significant impact on plant growth and development. By 2050, it is anticipated that high salinity will destroy more than fifty percent of the world's agricultural land. Understanding how plants react to the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers and salt stress is crucial for enhancing crop yield. However, the effect of excessive nitrate treatment on plant development is disputed and poorly understood; so, we evaluated the effect of excessive nitrate supply and high salinity on abi5 plant growth performance. We demonstrated that abi5 plants are tolerant to the harmful environmental conditions of excessive nitrate and salt. abi5 plants have lower amounts of endogenous nitric oxide than Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 plants due to their decreased nitrate reductase activity, caused by a decrease in the transcript level of NIA2, a gene encoding nitrate reductase. Nitric oxide appeared to have a critical role in reducing the salt stress tolerance of plants, which was diminished by an excess of nitrate. Discovering regulators such as ABI5 that can modulate nitrate reductase activity and comprehending the molecular activities of these regulators are crucial for the application of gene-editing techniques. This would result in the appropriate buildup of nitric oxide to increase the production of crops subjected to a variety of environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Tri Le
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai An Truong
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonyoung Yang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Liming Xiong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hojoung Lee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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Mata-Pérez C, Sánchez-Vicente I, Arteaga N, Gómez-Jiménez S, Fuentes-Terrón A, Oulebsir CS, Calvo-Polanco M, Oliver C, Lorenzo Ó. Functions of nitric oxide-mediated post-translational modifications under abiotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1158184. [PMID: 37063215 PMCID: PMC10101340 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1158184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental conditions greatly impact plant growth and development. In the current context of both global climate change and land degradation, abiotic stresses usually lead to growth restriction limiting crop production. Plants have evolved to sense and respond to maximize adaptation and survival; therefore, understanding the mechanisms involved in the different converging signaling networks becomes critical for improving plant tolerance. In the last few years, several studies have shown the plant responses against drought and salinity, high and low temperatures, mechanical wounding, heavy metals, hypoxia, UV radiation, or ozone stresses. These threats lead the plant to coordinate a crosstalk among different pathways, highlighting the role of phytohormones and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). In particular, plants sense these reactive species through post-translational modification (PTM) of macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and fatty acids, hence triggering antioxidant responses with molecular implications in the plant welfare. Here, this review compiles the state of the art about how plant systems sense and transduce this crosstalk through PTMs of biological molecules, highlighting the S-nitrosylation of protein targets. These molecular mechanisms finally impact at a physiological level facing the abiotic stressful traits that could lead to establishing molecular patterns underlying stress responses and adaptation strategies.
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Emamverdian A, Ding Y, Barker J, Liu G, Li Y, Mokhberdoran F. Sodium Nitroprusside Improves Bamboo Resistance under Mn and Cr Toxicity with Stimulation of Antioxidants Activity, Relative Water Content, and Metal Translocation and Accumulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031942. [PMID: 36768266 PMCID: PMC9916771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), as a single minuscule signaling molecule, has been employed to alleviate plant stress in recent years. This approach has a beneficial effect on the biological and physiological processes of plants. As a result, an in vitro tissue culture experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of high and low levels of SNP on the amelioration of manganese (Mn) and chromium (Cr) toxicity in a one-year-old bamboo plant, namely Pleioblastus pygmaea L. Five different concentrations of SNP were utilized as a nitric oxide (NO) donor (0, 50, 80, 150, 250, and 400 µM) in four replications of 150 µM Mn and 150 µM Cr. The results revealed that while 150 µM Mn and 150 µM Cr induced an over-generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compounds, enhancing plant membrane injury, electrolyte leakage (EL), and oxidation in bamboo species, the varying levels of SNP significantly increased antioxidant and non-antioxidant activities, proline (Pro), glutathione (GSH), and glycine betaine (GB) content, photosynthesis, and plant growth parameters, while also reducing heavy metal accumulation and translocation in the shoot and stem. This resulted in an increase in the plant's tolerance to Mn and Cr toxicity. Hence, it is inferred that NO-induced mechanisms boosted plant resistance to toxicity by increasing antioxidant capacity, inhibiting heavy metal accumulation in the aerial part of the plant, restricting heavy metal translocation from root to leaves, and enhancing the relative water content of leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolghassem Emamverdian
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (Y.D.); Tel.: +86-13705154436 (Y.D.)
| | - Yulong Ding
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (Y.D.); Tel.: +86-13705154436 (Y.D.)
| | - James Barker
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Guohua Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Farzad Mokhberdoran
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Wu Q, Yang L, Liang H, Yin L, Chen D, Shen P. Integrated analyses reveal the response of peanut to phosphorus deficiency on phenotype, transcriptome and metabolome. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:524. [PMID: 36372886 PMCID: PMC9661748 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) is one of the most essential macronutrients for crops. The growth and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) are always limited by P deficiency. However, the transcriptional and metabolic regulatory mechanisms were less studied. In this study, valuable phenotype, transcriptome and metabolome data were analyzed to illustrate the regulatory mechanisms of peanut under P deficiency stress. RESULT In present study, two treatments of P level in deficiency with no P application (-P) and in sufficiency with 0.6 mM P application (+ P) were used to investigate the response of peanut on morphology, physiology, transcriptome, microRNAs (miRNAs), and metabolome characterizations. The growth and development of plants were significantly inhibited under -P treatment. A total of 6088 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified including several transcription factor family genes, phosphate transporter genes, hormone metabolism related genes and antioxidant enzyme related genes that highly related to P deficiency stress. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses indicated that 117 genes were annotated in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway under P deficiency stress. A total of 6 miRNAs have been identified significantly differential expression between + P and -P group by high-throughput sequencing of miRNAs, including two up-regulated miRNAs (ahy-miR160-5p and ahy-miR3518) and four down-regulated miRNAs (ahy-miR408-5p, ahy-miR408-3p, ahy-miR398, and ahy-miR3515). Further, the predicted 22 target genes for 6 miRNAs and cis-elements in 2000 bp promoter region of miRNA genes were analyzed. A total of 439 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) showed obviously differences in two experimental conditions. CONCLUSIONS According to the result of transcripome and metabolome analyses, we can draw a conclusion that by increasing the content of lignin, amino acids, and levan combining with decreasing the content of LPC, cell reduced permeability, maintained stability, raised the antioxidant capacity, and increased the P uptake in struggling for survival under P deficiency stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Liyu Yang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Liang Yin
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Dianxu Chen
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Pu Shen
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetics & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao, 266100 China
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20
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High Nitric Oxide Concentration Inhibits Photosynthetic Pigment Biosynthesis by Promoting the Degradation of Transcription Factor HY5 in Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116027. [PMID: 35682704 PMCID: PMC9181159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic pigments in higher plants, including chlorophyll and carotenoid, are crucial for photosynthesis and photoprotection. Previous studies have shown that nitric oxide (NO) plays a dual role in plant photosynthesis. However, how pigment biosynthesis is suppressed by NO remains unclear. In this study, we generated NO-accumulated gsnor mutants, applied exogenous NO donors, and used a series of methods, including reverse transcription quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, electrophoretic mobility shift, dual-luciferase, and NO content assays, to explore the regulation of photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis by NO in tomato. We established that both endogenous and exogenous NO inhibited pigment accumulation and photosynthetic capacities. High levels of NO stimulated the degradation of LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) protein and further inactivated the transcription of genes encoding protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase C (PORC) and phytoene synthase 2 (PSY2)—two enzymes that catalyze the rate-limiting steps in chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis. Our findings provide a new insight into the mechanism of NO signaling in modulating HY5-mediated photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis at the transcriptional level in tomato plants.
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21
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Growth modulation by nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside in in vitro plant tissue cultures – A review. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sharma A, Ramakrishnan M, Khanna K, Landi M, Prasad R, Bhardwaj R, Zheng B. Brassinosteroids and metalloids: Regulation of plant biology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127518. [PMID: 34836689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Metalloid contamination in the environment is one of the serious concerns posing threat to our ecosystems. Excess of metalloid concentrations (including antimony, arsenic, boron, selenium etc.) in soil results in their over accumulation in plant tissues, which ultimately causes phytotoxicity and their bio-magnification. So, it is very important to find some ecofriendly approaches to counter negative impacts of above mentioned metalloids on plant system. Brassinosteroids (BRs) belong to family of plant steroidal hormones, and are considered as one of the ecofriendly way to counter metalloid phytotoxicity. This phytohormone regulates the plant biology in presence of metalloids by modulating various key biological processes like cell signaling, primary and secondary metabolism, bio-molecule crosstalk and redox homeostasis. The present review explains the in-depth mechanisms of BR regulated plant responses in presence of metalloids, and provides some biotechnological aspects towards ecofriendly management of metalloid contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environment Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy; CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Horticulture, Kulbhaskar Ashram Post Graduate College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environment Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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23
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ELAM E, LV YM, WANG W, THAKUR K, MA WP, NI ZJ, WEI ZJ. Effects of nitric oxide on postharvest storage quality of Lycium barbarum fruit. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.84122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kiran THAKUR
- North Minzu University, China; Hefei University of Technology, China
| | | | | | - Zhao-Jun WEI
- North Minzu University, China; Hefei University of Technology, China
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24
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Liu Y, Zhang H. Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide as mediators in plant hypersensitive response and stomatal closure. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1985860. [PMID: 34668846 PMCID: PMC9208772 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1985860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have attracted considerable interest from plant pathologists since they regulate plant defenses via the hypersensitive response (HR) and stomatal closure. Here, we introduce the regulatory mechanisms of NO and ROS bursts and discuss the role of such bursts in HR and stomatal closure. It showed that epidermal sections of leaves respond to pathogens by the rapid and intense production of intracellular ROS and NO. Oxidative stress and H2O2 induce stomatal closure. Catalase and peroxidase-deficient plants are also hyperresponsive to pathogen invasion, suggesting a role for H2O2 in HR-mediated cell death. The analysis reveals that ROS and NO play important roles in stomatal closure and HR that involves multiple pathways. Therefore, multi-disciplinary and multi-omics combined analysis is crucial to the advancement of ROS and NO research and their role in plant defense mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huajian Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Hefei, Anhui, China
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25
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Kolomiiets YV, Grygoryuk IP, Butsenko LM, Emets AI, Blume YB. Sodium Nitroprusside as a Resistance Inducer in Tomato Plants against Pathogens of Bacterial Diseases. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721060049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Wong A, Hu N, Tian X, Yang Y, Gehring C. Nitric oxide sensing revisited. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:885-897. [PMID: 33867269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) sensing is an ancient trait enabled by hemoproteins harboring a highly conserved Heme-Nitric oxide/OXygen (H-NOX) domain that operates throughout bacteria, fungi, and animal kingdoms including in humans, but that has long thought to be absent in plants. Recently, H-NOX-containing plant hemoproteins mediating crucial NO-dependent responses such as stomatal closure and pollen tube guidance have been reported. There are indications that the detection method that led to these discoveries will uncover many more heme-based NO sensors that operate as regulatory sites in complex proteins. Their characterizations will in turn offer a much more complete picture of plant NO responses at both the molecular and systems level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China; Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China.
| | - Ningxin Hu
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
| | - Xuechen Tian
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
| | - Yixin Yang
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China; Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
| | - Christoph Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, I-06121 Perugia, Italy
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27
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Souri Z, Karimi N, Farooq MA, da Silva Lobato AK. Improved physiological defense responses by application of sodium nitroprusside in Isatis cappadocica Desv. under cadmium stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:100-115. [PMID: 33011999 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Isatis cappadocica is a well-known arsenic-hyperaccumulator, but there are no reports of its responses to cadmium (Cd). Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule, which induces cross-stress tolerance and mediates several physio-biochemical processes related to heavy metal toxicity. In this study, the effects of Cd and sodium nitroprusside (SNP as NO donor) on the growth, defense responses and Cd accumulation in I. cappadocica were investigated. When I. cappadocica was treated with 100 and 200 μM Cd, there was an insignificant inhibition of shoot growth. However, Cd stress at Cd400 treatment decreased significantly the dry weight of root and shoot by 73 and 38%, respectively, as compared to control. The application of SNP significantly improved the growth parameters and mitigated Cd toxicity. In addition, SNP decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by Cd. The increased total thiol and glutathione (GSH) concentrations after SNP application may play a decisive role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis, thereby protecting plants against oxidative damage under Cd stress. Bovine hemoglobin (Hb as NO scavenger) reduced the protective role of SNP, suggesting a major role of NO in the defensive effect of SNP. Furthermore, the reduction in shoot growth and the increase of oxidative damage were more severe after the addition of Hb, which confirms the protective role of NO against Cd-induced oxidative stress. The protective role of SNP in decreasing Cd-induced oxidative stress may be related to NO production, which can lead to stimulation of the thiols synthesis and improve defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Souri
- Laboratory of plant physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- Laboratory of plant physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Muhammad A Farooq
- Agri. Services Department, Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Allan K da Silva Lobato
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia, Paragominas, Brazil
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28
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Grossi L, Casadei R. The crucial role of non-enzymatic NO-production in plants. An EPR study. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 188:112794. [PMID: 34022441 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines and polyamides have a fundamental role in the biology of plants, and the presence of NO seems compulsory to account for their actions. In general, the NO production has claimed to occur through an enzymatic process, but not involving polyamines and polyamides. Nevertheless, a non-enzymatic mechanism, such as an electron transfer process among polyamines or polyamides and an acid nitrite solution, could account for rapid production of NO, even in anoxic conditions. EPR experiments, carried out with these substrates, proved the formation of NO. This evidence supports a non-enzymatic mechanism as an alternative source of NO, even in plants. So, since the NO production seems directly dependent on polyamines or polyamides presence, and these responsible for many activities in plants, it comes plausibly to consider crucial the involvement of NO in their actions. Furthermore, as for mammals, these results would confirm that, even in plants, NO production can occur through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Grossi
- Dipartimento di "Scienze per la Qualità della Vita" - Università di Bologna, Campus di Rimini, Corso d'Augusto, 237 I-47921, Rimini, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Casadei
- Dipartimento di "Scienze per la Qualità della Vita" - Università di Bologna, Campus di Rimini, Corso d'Augusto, 237 I-47921, Rimini, Italy.
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29
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Zhang L, Song H, Li B, Wang M, Di D, Lin X, Kronzucker HJ, Shi W, Li G. Induction of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase protects root growth from ammonium toxicity by regulating potassium homeostasis in Arabidopsis and rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4548-4564. [PMID: 33772588 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) is toxic to root growth in most plants already at moderate levels of supply, but mechanisms of root growth tolerance to NH4+ remain poorly understood. Here, we report that high levels of NH4+ induce nitric oxide (NO) accumulation, while inhibiting potassium (K+) acquisition via SNO1 (sensitive to nitric oxide 1)/SOS4 (salt overly sensitive 4), leading to the arrest of primary root growth. High levels of NH4+ also stimulated the accumulation of GSNOR (S-nitrosoglutathione reductase) in roots. GSNOR overexpression improved root tolerance to NH4+. Loss of GSNOR further induced NO accumulation, increased SNO1/SOS4 activity, and reduced K+ levels in root tissue, enhancing root growth sensitivity to NH4+. Moreover, the GSNOR-like gene, OsGSNOR, is also required for NH4+ tolerance in rice. Immunoblotting showed that the NH4+-induced GSNOR protein accumulation was abolished in the VTC1- (vitamin C1) defective mutant vtc1-1, which is hypersensititive to NH4+ toxicity. GSNOR overexpression enhanced vtc1-1 root tolerance to NH4+. Our findings suggest that induction of GSNOR increases NH4+ tolerance in Arabidopsis roots by counteracting NO-mediated suppression of tissue K+, which depends on VTC1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Song
- Academic Affairs Office, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Baohai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongwei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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30
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Yan Y, Wang P, Wei Y, Bai Y, Lu Y, Zeng H, Liu G, Reiter RJ, He C, Shi H. The dual interplay of RAV5 in activating nitrate reductases and repressing catalase activity to improve disease resistance in cassava. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:785-800. [PMID: 33128298 PMCID: PMC8051611 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cassava bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) seriously affects cassava yield. Nitrate reductase (NR) plays an important role in plant nitrogen metabolism in plants. However, the in vivo role of NR and the corresponding signalling pathway remain unclear in cassava. In this study, we isolated MeNR1/2 and revealed their novel upstream transcription factor MeRAV5. We also identified MeCatalase1 (MeCAT1) as the interacting protein of MeRAV5. In addition, we investigated the role of MeCatalase1 and MeRAV5-MeNR1/2 module in cassava defence response. MeNRs positively regulates cassava disease resistance against CBB through modulation of nitric oxide (NO) and extensive transcriptional reprogramming especially in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling. Notably, MeRAV5 positively regulates cassava disease resistance through the coordination of NO and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) level. On the one hand, MeRAV5 directly activates the transcripts of MeNRs and NO level by binding to CAACA motif in the promoters of MeNRs. On the other hand, MeRAV5 interacts with MeCAT1 to inhibit its activity, so as to negatively regulate endogenous H2 O2 level. This study highlights the precise coordination of NR activity and CAT activity by MeRAV5 through directly activating MeNRs and interacting with MeCAT1 in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Peng Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yunxie Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yujing Bai
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yi Lu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Hongqiu Zeng
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Guoyin Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Anatomy and Cell SystemUT Health San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Chaozu He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
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31
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Tewari RK, Horemans N, Watanabe M. Evidence for a role of nitric oxide in iron homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:990-1006. [PMID: 33196822 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), once regarded as a poisonous air pollutant, is now understood as a regulatory molecule essential for several biological functions in plants. In this review, we summarize NO generation in different plant organs and cellular compartments, and also discuss the role of NO in iron (Fe) homeostasis, particularly in Fe-deficient plants. Fe is one of the most limiting essential nutrient elements for plants. Plants often exhibit Fe deficiency symptoms despite sufficient tissue Fe concentrations. NO appears to not only up-regulate Fe uptake mechanisms but also makes Fe more bioavailable for metabolic functions. NO forms complexes with Fe, which can then be delivered into target cells/tissues. NO generated in plants can alleviate oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant defense processes, probably by improving functional Fe status and by inducing post-translational modifications in the enzymes/proteins involved in antioxidant defense responses. It is hypothesized that NO acts in cooperation with transcription factors such as bHLHs, FIT, and IRO to regulate the expression of enzymes and proteins essential for Fe homeostasis. However, further investigations are needed to disentangle the interaction of NO with intracellular target molecules that leads to enhanced internal Fe availability in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nele Horemans
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Chiba University, Inage-ward, Yayoicho, Chiba, Japan
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32
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Wei Q, Yan Z, Xiong Y, Fang Z. Altered Expression of OsAAP3 Influences Rice Lesion Mimic and Leaf Senescence by Regulating Arginine Transport and Nitric Oxide Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2181. [PMID: 33671705 PMCID: PMC7927093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent lesion mimic can cause leaf senescence, affecting grain yield in crops. However, knowledge about the regulation of lesion mimic and leaf senescence in crop plants is still limited. Here, we report that the amino acid transporter OsAAP3, a negative regulator of tiller bud elongation and rice grain yield, is involved in lesion mimic and leaf senescence. Altered expression of OsAAP3 can initiate the nitric oxide signaling pathway through excessive accumulation of arginine in rice leaves, influencing ROS accumulation, antioxidant enzymes activities, proline concentration, and malondialdehyde concentration. This finally triggers cell death which ultimately leads to lesion mimic and leaf senescence by regulating the degradation of chloroplast and the expression abundance of components in the photosynthetic pathway. Overall, the results not only provide initial insights into the regulatory role of amino acid transport genes in rice growth and development, but also help to understand the factors regulating the leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Zhenwei Yan
- Xiamen Plant Genetics Key Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
| | - Yifan Xiong
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China;
| | - Zhongming Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China;
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33
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Ma M, Wendehenne D, Philippot L, Hänsch R, Flemetakis E, Hu B, Rennenberg H. Physiological significance of pedospheric nitric oxide for root growth, development and organismic interactions. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2336-2354. [PMID: 32681574 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is essential for plant growth and development, as well as interactions with abiotic and biotic environments. Its importance for multiple functions in plants means that tight regulation of NO concentrations is required. This is of particular significance in roots, where NO signalling is involved in processes, such as root growth, lateral root formation, nutrient acquisition, heavy metal homeostasis, symbiotic nitrogen fixation and root-mycorrhizal fungi interactions. The NO signal can also be produced in high levels by microbial processes in the rhizosphere, further impacting root processes. To explore these interesting interactions, in the present review, we firstly summarize current knowledge of physiological processes of NO production and consumption in roots and, thereafter, of processes involved in NO homeostasis in root cells with particular emphasis on root growth, development, nutrient acquisition, environmental stresses and organismic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ma
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - David Wendehenne
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INRA, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Philippot
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INRA, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Robert Hänsch
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Institute for Plant Biology, Technische Universität, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Bin Hu
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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34
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Mukherjee S, Corpas FJ. Crosstalk among hydrogen sulfide (H 2S), nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) in root-system development and its rhizosphere interactions: A gaseous interactome. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:800-814. [PMID: 32882618 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Root development in higher plants is achieved by a precise intercellular communication which determines cell fate in the primary embryonic meristem where the gasotransmitters H2S, NO and CO participate dynamically. Furthermore, the rhizosphere interaction of these molecules with microbial and soil metabolism also affects root development. NO regulates root growth and architecture in association with several other biomolecules like auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ethylene, jasmonic acid (JA), strigolactones, alkamides and melatonin. The CO-mediated signal transduction pathway in roots is closely linked to the NO-mediated signal cascades. Interestingly, H2S acts also as an upstream component in IAA and NO-mediated crosstalk during root development. Heme oxygenase (HO) 1 generates CO and functions as a downstream component in H2S-mediated adventitious rooting and H2S-CO crosstalk. Likewise, reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2S and NO crosstalk are important components in the regulation of root architecture. Deciphering these interactions will be a potential biotechnological tool which could provide benefits in crop management in soils, especially under adverse environmental conditions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive update of the complex networks of these gasotransmitters during the development of roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India.
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, E-18080, Granada, Spain
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35
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Adamipour N, Khosh-Khui M, Salehi H, Razi H, Karami A, Moghadam A. Regulation of stomatal aperture in response to drought stress mediating with polyamines, nitric oxide synthase and hydrogen peroxide in Rosa canina L. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1790844. [PMID: 32657206 PMCID: PMC8550291 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1790844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To assess the role of genes involved in polyamines synthesis, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), copper amine oxidase activity (CuAO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in regulation of stomatal aperture to drought stress in Rosa canina L., a study was performed at three irrigating levels (25%, 50%, and 100% field capacity) with three replications at 1, 3, 6 and 12 days. The results showed that putrescine (Put) accumulation occurred under both 50% and 25% FC at 1 d. Furthermore, the role of the Put direct biosynthesis pathway ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was more effective under 50% FC whereas in the 25% FC the Put indirect production pathway (agmatine iminohydrolase (AIH), N-carbamoyl putrescine amidohydrolase (CPA) and arginine decarboxylase (ADC)) was more effective. HPLC results showed that the accumulation of spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) is consistent with the expression of S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), spermidine synthase (SPDS) and spermine synthase (SPMS) genes. Spd accumulation under both 50% and 25% FC occurred on the 3 d and then decreased in the other days. Spm content showed an increasing trend from 6 d under 50% FC and from 3 d under 25% FC. Our results suggest that among the measured polyamines, Put oxidation through CuAO activity increased resulted in an increase in H2O2 production. The H2O2 accumulation also as a secondary messenger led to enhance in NOS gene expression. Increase in NOS gene expression can act as a signal resulting in stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Adamipour
- Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Khosh-Khui
- Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Salehi
- Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hooman Razi
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Karami
- Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Moghadam
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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36
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Hesami M, Naderi R, Tohidfar M, Yoosefzadeh-Najafabadi M. Development of support vector machine-based model and comparative analysis with artificial neural network for modeling the plant tissue culture procedures: effect of plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis of chrysanthemum, as a case study. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:112. [PMID: 32817755 PMCID: PMC7424974 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00655-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimizing the somatic embryogenesis protocol can be considered as the first and foremost step in successful gene transformation studies. However, it is usually difficult to achieve an optimized embryogenesis protocol due to the cost and time-consuming as well as the complexity of this process. Therefore, it is necessary to use a novel computational approach, such as machine learning algorithms for this aim. In the present study, two machine learning algorithms, including Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) as an artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector regression (SVR), were employed to model somatic embryogenesis of chrysanthemum, as a case study, and compare their prediction accuracy. RESULTS The results showed that SVR (R2 > 0.92) had better performance accuracy than MLP (R2 > 0.82). Moreover, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was also applied for the optimization of the somatic embryogenesis and the results showed that the highest embryogenesis rate (99.09%) and the maximum number of somatic embryos per explant (56.24) can be obtained from a medium containing 9.10 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 4.70 μM kinetin (KIN), and 18.73 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP). According to our results, SVR-NSGA-II was able to optimize the chrysanthemum's somatic embryogenesis accurately. CONCLUSIONS SVR-NSGA-II can be employed as a reliable and applicable computational methodology in future plant tissue culture studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Hesami
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
| | - Roohangiz Naderi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Masoud Tohidfar
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran
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Zhong Z, Kobayashi T, Zhu W, Imai H, Zhao R, Ohno T, Rehman SU, Uemura M, Tian J, Komatsu S. Plant-derived smoke enhances plant growth through ornithine-synthesis pathway and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in soybean. J Proteomics 2020; 221:103781. [PMID: 32294531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of promotive effect of plant-derived smoke on the soybean growth, a gel-free/label-free proteomics was performed. Smoke solutions were irrigated on soybean or supplied simultaneously with flooding stress. Morphological and physiological analyses were performed for the confirmation of proteomic result. Metabolomic change was investigated to correlate proteomic change with metabolism regulation. Under normal condition, the length of root including hypocotyl increased in soybean treated with 2000 ppm plant-derived smoke within 4 days, as well as nitric oxide content. Proteins related to protein synthesis especially arginine metabolism were altered; metabolites related to amino acid, carboxylic acids, and sugars were mostly altered. Integrated analysis of omics data indicated that plant-derived smoke regulated nitrogen‑carbon transformation through ornithine synthesis pathway and promoted soybean normal growth. Under flooding, the number of lateral roots increased with root tip degradation in soybean treated with smoke solutions. Proteins related to ubiquitin-proteasome pathway were altered and led to sacrifice-for-survival-mechanism-driven degradation of root tip in soybean, which enabled accumulation of metabolites and guaranteed lateral root development during soybean recovery after flooding. These findings suggest that plant-derived smoke improves early stage of growth in soybean with regulation of ornithine-synthesis pathway and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Plant-derived smoke plays a key role in crop growth, however, the understanding of soybean in response to smoke treatment remains premature. Therefore, gel-free/label-free proteomic analysis was used for comprehensive study on the dual effect of smoke to soybean under normal and flooding conditions. Under normal condition, plant-derived smoke regulated nitrogen‑carbon transformation through ornithine synthesis pathway and resulted in the increase of the length of root including hypocotyl in soybean within 4 days. Under flooding condition, plant-derived smoke induced inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and led to sacrifice-for-survival-mechanism-driven degradation of root tip in soybean, which enabled accumulation of metabolites and promoted lateral root development during soybean recovery after flooding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoheng Zhong
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan; College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tomoki Kobayashi
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Wei Zhu
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hiroyuki Imai
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| | - Rongyi Zhao
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Ohno
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Matsuo Uemura
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| | - Jingkui Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
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Touchell DH, Palmer IE, Ranney TG. In vitro Ploidy Manipulation for Crop Improvement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:722. [PMID: 32582252 PMCID: PMC7284393 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In vitro regeneration systems provide a powerful tool for manipulating ploidy to facilitate breeding and development of new crops. Polyploid induction can expand breeding opportunities, assist with the development of seedless triploid cultivars, enhance ornamental characteristics and environmental tolerances, increase biomass and restore fertility in wide hybrids. In vitro ploidy manipulation is commonly induced using antimitotic agents such as colchicine, oryzalin and trifluralin, while many other antimitotic agents have been relatively unexplored. Successful induction requires a synergistic pairing of efficient penetration of the antimitotic agent and may be dependent the length of exposure and concentrations of antimitotic agents, tissue types, and interactions with basal media and plant growth regulators. In vitro conditions vary among taxa and individual genera, species, and cultivars, often requiring unique treatments to maximize polyploid induction. In some taxa, the induction of polyploidy influences in vitro growth, development, and root formation. Here we provide an overview of mitotic inhibitors and their application for in vitro ploidy manipulation for plant breeding and crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren H. Touchell
- Mountain Crop Improvement Lab, Department of Horticultural Science, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, North Carolina State University, Mills River, NC, United States
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Kaya C, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Nitrate reductase rather than nitric oxide synthase activity is involved in 24-epibrassinolide-induced nitric oxide synthesis to improve tolerance to iron deficiency in strawberry (Fragaria × annassa) by up-regulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:486-499. [PMID: 32302942 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Involvement of nitrate reductase (NR) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like enzyme in 24-epibrassinolide (EB)-triggered nitric oxide (NO) synthesis to improve iron deficiency (ID) tolerance in strawberry plants was studied. EB was sprayed to strawberry plants every two days for two weeks. Then, the EB-treated plants were pre-treated with inhibitors of NR, tungstate, or NOS, L-NAME for 3 h. During the first three weeks, Fe was supplied as 100 μM EDTA-Fe or FeSO4 to Fe-sufficient or Fe-deficient plants, respectively. Thereafter, plants were subjected for further three weeks to control (100 μM EDTA-Fe) and Fe deficiency (ID; without Fe). ID reduced biomass, chlorophyll, and chlorophyll fluorescence, while increased oxidative stress parameters, ascorbate (AsA), glutathione (GSH), endogenous NO, and the activities of NR, NOS, and antioxidant enzymes. Pre-treatments with EB and EB + SNP improved ID tolerance of strawberry by improving leaf Fe2+, plant growth, and antioxidant enzyme activities, and causing a further elevation in AsA, GSH, NO, NR and NOS. L-NAME application reversed NOS activity, but it did not eliminate NO, however, tungstate application reversed both NR activity and NO synthesis in plants exposed to ID + EB, suggesting that NR is the main contributor of EB-induced NO synthesis to improve ID tolerance in strawberry plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saudi University, P. O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saudi University, P. O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, 190001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Semeradova H, Montesinos JC, Benkova E. All Roads Lead to Auxin: Post-translational Regulation of Auxin Transport by Multiple Hormonal Pathways. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100048. [PMID: 33367243 PMCID: PMC7747973 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a key hormonal regulator, that governs plant growth and development in concert with other hormonal pathways. The unique feature of auxin is its polar, cell-to-cell transport that leads to the formation of local auxin maxima and gradients, which coordinate initiation and patterning of plant organs. The molecular machinery mediating polar auxin transport is one of the important points of interaction with other hormones. Multiple hormonal pathways converge at the regulation of auxin transport and form a regulatory network that integrates various developmental and environmental inputs to steer plant development. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanisms that underlie regulation of polar auxin transport by multiple hormonal pathways. Specifically, we focus on the post-translational mechanisms that contribute to fine-tuning of the abundance and polarity of auxin transporters at the plasma membrane and thereby enable rapid modification of the auxin flow to coordinate plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Semeradova
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Eva Benkova
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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He J, Zhang RX, Kim DS, Sun P, Liu H, Liu Z, Hetherington AM, Liang YK. ROS of Distinct Sources and Salicylic Acid Separate Elevated CO 2-Mediated Stomatal Movements in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:542. [PMID: 32457781 PMCID: PMC7225777 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Elevated CO2 (eCO2) often reduces leaf stomatal aperture and density thus impacts plant physiology and productivity. We have previously demonstrated that the Arabidopsis BIG protein distinguishes between the processes of eCO2-induced stomatal closure and eCO2-inhibited stomatal opening. However, the mechanistic basis of this action is not fully understood. Here we show that eCO2-elicited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in big mutants was compromised in stomatal closure induction but not in stomatal opening inhibition. Pharmacological and genetic studies show that ROS generated by both NADPH oxidases and cell wall peroxidases contribute to eCO2-induced stomatal closure, whereas inhibition of light-induced stomatal opening by eCO2 may rely on the ROS derived from NADPH oxidases but not from cell wall peroxidases. As with JA and ABA, SA is required for eCO2-induced ROS generation and stomatal closure. In contrast, none of these three signals has a significant role in eCO2-inhibited stomatal opening, unveiling the distinct roles of plant hormonal signaling pathways in the induction of stomatal closure and the inhibition of stomatal opening by eCO2. In conclusion, this study adds SA to a list of plant hormones that together with ROS from distinct sources distinguish two branches of eCO2-mediated stomatal movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Science, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruo-Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Science, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dae Sung Kim
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Science, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Science, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Honggang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Science, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Science, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Alistair M. Hetherington
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Kuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Science, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Nakamura M, Noguchi K. Tolerant mechanisms to O 2 deficiency under submergence conditions in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:343-371. [PMID: 32185673 PMCID: PMC7214491 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Wetland plants can tolerate long-term strict hypoxia and anoxic conditions and the subsequent re-oxidative stress compared to terrestrial plants. During O2 deficiency, both wetland and terrestrial plants use NAD(P)+ and ATP that are produced during ethanol fermentation, sucrose degradation, and major amino acid metabolisms. The oxidation of NADH by non-phosphorylating pathways in the mitochondrial respiratory chain is common in both terrestrial and wetland plants. As the wetland plants enhance and combine these traits especially in their roots, they can survive under long-term hypoxic and anoxic stresses. Wetland plants show two contrasting strategies, low O2 escape and low O2 quiescence strategies (LOES and LOQS, respectively). Differences between two strategies are ascribed to the different signaling networks related to phytohormones. During O2 deficiency, LOES-type plants show several unique traits such as shoot elongation, aerenchyma formation and leaf acclimation, whereas the LOQS-type plants cease their growth and save carbohydrate reserves. Many wetland plants utilize NH4+ as the nitrogen (N) source without NH4+-dependent respiratory increase, leading to efficient respiratory O2 consumption in roots. In contrast, some wetland plants with high O2 supply system efficiently use NO3- from the soil where nitrification occurs. The differences in the N utilization strategies relate to the different systems of anaerobic ATP production, the NO2--driven ATP production and fermentation. The different N utilization strategies are functionally related to the hypoxia or anoxia tolerance in the wetland plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoka Nakamura
- Department of Bio-Production, Faculty of Bio-Industry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan.
| | - Ko Noguchi
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
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Ting HM, Cheah BH, Chen YC, Yeh PM, Cheng CP, Yeo FKS, Vie AK, Rohloff J, Winge P, Bones AM, Kissen R. The Role of a Glucosinolate-Derived Nitrile in Plant Immune Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:257. [PMID: 32211010 PMCID: PMC7076197 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates are defense-related secondary metabolites found in Brassicaceae. When Brassicaceae come under attack, glucosinolates are hydrolyzed into different forms of glucosinolate hydrolysis products (GHPs). Among the GHPs, isothiocyanates are the most comprehensively characterized defensive compounds, whereas the functional study of nitriles, another group of GHP, is still limited. Therefore, this study investigates whether 3-butenenitrile (3BN), a nitrile, can trigger the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana against biotic stresses. Briefly, the methodology is divided into three stages, (i) evaluate the physiological and biochemical effects of exogenous 3BN treatment on Arabidopsis, (ii) determine the metabolites involved in 3BN-mediated defense responses in Arabidopsis, and (iii) assess whether a 3BN treatment can enhance the disease tolerance of Arabidopsis against necrotrophic pathogens. As a result, a 2.5 mM 3BN treatment caused lesion formation in Arabidopsis Columbia (Col-0) plants, a process found to be modulated by nitric oxide (NO). Metabolite profiling revealed an increased production of soluble sugars, Krebs cycle associated carboxylic acids and amino acids in Arabidopsis upon a 2.5 mM 3BN treatment, presumably via NO action. Primary metabolites such as sugars and amino acids are known to be crucial components in modulating plant defense responses. Furthermore, exposure to 2.0 mM 3BN treatment began to increase the production of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) phytohormones in Arabidopsis Col-0 plants in the absence of lesion formation. The production of SA and JA in nitrate reductase loss-of function mutant (nia1nia2) plants was also induced by the 3BN treatments, with a greater induction for JA. The SA concentration in nia1nia2 plants was lower than in Col-0 plants, confirming the previously reported role of NO in controlling SA production in Arabidopsis. A 2.0 mM 3BN treatment prior to pathogen assays effectively alleviated the leaf lesion symptom of Arabidopsis Col-0 plants caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum and Botrytis cinerea and reduced the pathogen growth on leaves. The findings of this study demonstrate that 3BN can elicit defense response pathways in Arabidopsis, which potentially involves a coordinated crosstalk between NO and phytohormone signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieng-Ming Ting
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Boon Huat Cheah
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Min Yeh
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ping Cheng
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Freddy Kuok San Yeo
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Ane Kjersti Vie
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jens Rohloff
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per Winge
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Atle M. Bones
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ralph Kissen
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Li Y, Wu Y, Liao W, Hu L, Dawuda MM, Jin X, Tang Z, Yang J, Yu J. Nitric oxide is involved in the brassinolide-induced adventitious root development in cucumber. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:102. [PMID: 32138654 PMCID: PMC7059714 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassinolide (BR), as a new type of plant hormones, is involved in the processes of plant growth and stress response. Previous studies have reported the roles of BR in regulating plant developmental processes and also response tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants. The main purpose of our study was to explore whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in the process of BR-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). RESULTS Exogenous application of 1 μM BR significantly promoted adventitious rooting, while high concentrations of BR (2-8 μM) effectively inhibited adventitious rooting. NO donor (S-nitroso-N-acerylpenicillamine, SNAP) promoted the occurrence of adventitious roots. Simultaneously, BR and SNAP applied together significantly promoted adventitious rooting and the combined effect was superior to the application of BR or SNAP alone. Moreover, NO scavenger (c-PTIO) and inhibitors (L-NAME and Tungstate) inhibited the positive effects of BR on adventitious rooting. BR at 1 μM also increased endogenous NO content, NO synthase (NOS-like) and Nitrate reductase (NR) activities, while BRz (a specific BR biosynthesis inhibitor) decreased these effects. In addition, the relative expression level of NR was up-regulated by BR and SNAP, whereas BRz down-regulated it. The application of NO inhibitor (Tungstate) in BR also inhibited the up-regulation of NR. CONCLUSION BR promoted the formation of adventitious roots by inducing the production of endogenous NO in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
- Department of Horticulture, FoA, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1882, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Xin Jin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Often in redox biology experiments there is a need to add compounds which impinge on the redox of the cellular environment cell. Such compounds may include reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reactive nitrogen species such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), or even hydrogen gas (H2). It is not always easy or obvious how such compounds should be used. Gases may be supplied and used in the gaseous form, but this is often not convenient. Alternative methods may involve donor molecules that release into solution the relevant compound, but the actual compound released needs to be considered, along with the kinetics of that release and the by-products that might be remain. Therefore, the method of delivery of redox active compounds needs to have careful consideration before more complex experiments are undertaken. This chapter covers some of the more common methods employed and discusses some of the pros and cons of such methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Hancock
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
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Singh S, Kumar V, Kapoor D, Kumar S, Singh S, Dhanjal DS, Datta S, Samuel J, Dey P, Wang S, Prasad R, Singh J. Revealing on hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide signals co-ordination for plant growth under stress conditions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:301-317. [PMID: 31264712 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the recent times, plants are facing certain types of environmental stresses, which give rise to formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxides, superoxide anions and so on. These are required by the plants at low concentrations for signal transduction and at high concentrations, they repress plant root growth. Apart from the ROS activities, hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) have major contributions in regulating growth and developmental processes in plants, as they also play key roles as signaling molecules and act as chief plant immune defense mechanisms against various biotic as well as abiotic stresses. H2 S and NO are the two pivotal gaseous messengers involved in growth, germination and improved tolerance in plants under stressed and non-stress conditions. H2 S and NO mediate cell signaling in plants as a response to several abiotic stresses like temperature, heavy metal exposure, water and salinity. They alter gene expression levels to induce the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes, osmolytes and also trigger their interactions with each other. However, research has been limited to only cross adaptations and signal transductions. Understanding the change and mechanism of H2 S and NO mediated cell signaling will broaden our knowledge on the various biochemical changes that occur in plant cells related to different stresses. A clear understanding of these molecules in various environmental stresses would help to confer biotechnological applications to protect plants against abiotic stresses and to improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
- Punjab Biotechnology Incubators, Mohali, 160059, India
- Regional Advanced Water Testing Laboratory, Mohali, 160059, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Gwalior, 474009, India
| | - Dhriti Kapoor
- Department of Botany, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Punjab Biotechnology Incubators, Mohali, 160059, India
- Regional Advanced Water Testing Laboratory, Mohali, 160059, India
| | - Satyender Singh
- Regional Advanced Water Testing Laboratory, Mohali, 160059, India
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Shivika Datta
- Department of Zoology, Doaba College, Jalandhar, 144005, India
| | - Jastin Samuel
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
- Waste Valorization Research Lab, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Pinaki Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Shanquan Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ram Prasad
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
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A forty year journey: The generation and roles of NO in plants. Nitric Oxide 2019; 93:53-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Niu L, Yu J, Liao W, Xie J, Yu J, Lv J, Xiao X, Hu L, Wu Y. Proteomic Investigation of S-Nitrosylated Proteins During NO-Induced Adventitious Rooting of Cucumber. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5363. [PMID: 31661878 PMCID: PMC6862188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) acts an essential signaling molecule that is involved in regulating various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. However, whether S-nitrosylation is a crucial molecular mechanism of NO is still largely unknown. In this study, 50 μM S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) treatment was found to have a maximum biological effect on promoting adventitious rooting in cucumber. Meanwhile, removal of endogenous NO significantly inhibited the development of adventitious roots implying that NO is responsible for promoting the process of adventitious rooting. Moreover, application of GSNO resulted in an increase of intracellular S-nitrosothiol (SNO) levels and endogenous NO production, while decreasing the S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activity during adventitious rooting, implicating that S-nitrosylation might be involved in NO-induced adventitious rooting in cucumber. Furthermore, the identification of S-nitrosylated proteins was performed utilizing the liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and biotin-switch technique during the development of adventitious rooting. Among these proteins, the activities and S-nitrosylated level of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), tubulin alpha chain (TUA), and glutathione reductase (GR) were further analyzed as NO direct targets. Our results indicated that NO might enhance the S-nitrosylation level of GAPDH and GR, and was found to subsequently reduce these activities and transcriptional levels. Conversely, S-nitrosylation of TUA increased the expression level of TUA. The results implied that S-nitrosylation of key proteins seems to regulate various pathways through differential S-nitrosylation during adventitious rooting. Collectively, these results suggest that S-nitrosylation could be involved in NO-induced adventitious rooting, and they also provide fundamental evidence for the molecular mechanism of NO signaling during adventitious rooting in cucumber explants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Niu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jian Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jian Lv
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xuemei Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Adavi SB, Sathee L, Padhan BK, Singh O, Meena HS, Durgesh K, Jha SK. Visualization of Nitric Oxide, Measurement of Nitrosothiols Content, Activity of NOS and NR in Wheat Seedlings. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3402. [PMID: 33654903 PMCID: PMC7853982 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), is a redox-active, endogenous signalling molecule involved in the regulation of numerous processes. It plays a crucial role in adaptation and tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses. In higher plants, NO is produced either by enzymatic or non-enzymatic reduction of nitrite and an oxidative pathway requiring a putative nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like enzyme. There are several methods to measure NO production: mass spectrometry, tissue localization by DAF-FM dye. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) also known as electron spin resonance (ESR) and spectrophotometric assays. The activity of NOS can be measured by L-citrulline based assay and spectroscopic method (NADPH utilization method). A major route for the transfer of NO bioactivity is S-nitrosylation, the addition of a NO moiety to a protein cysteine thiol forming an S-nitrosothiol (SNO). This experimental method describes visualization of NO using DAF-FM dye by fluorescence microscopy (Zeiss AXIOSKOP 2). The whole procedure is simplified, so it is easy to perform but has a high sensitivity for NO detection. In addition, spectrophotometry based protocols for assay of NOS, Nitrate Reductase (NR) and the content of S-nitrosothiols are also described. These spectrophotometric protocols are easy to perform, less expensive and sufficiently sensitive assays which provide adequate information on NO based regulation of physiological processes depending on the treatments of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ompal Singh
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, India
| | - Hari S. Meena
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, India
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Lee HJ, Jeong J, Alves AC, Han ST, In G, Kim EH, Jeong WS, Hong YS. Metabolomic understanding of intrinsic physiology in Panax ginseng during whole growing seasons. J Ginseng Res 2019; 43:654-665. [PMID: 31700261 PMCID: PMC6823831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax ginseng Meyer has widely been used as a traditional herbal medicine because of its diverse health benefits. Amounts of ginseng compounds, mainly ginsenosides, vary according to seasons, varieties, geographical regions, and age of ginseng plants. However, no study has comprehensively determined perturbations of various metabolites in ginseng plants including roots and leaves as they grow. METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics was applied to better understand the metabolic physiology of ginseng plants and their association with climate through global profiling of ginseng metabolites in roots and leaves during whole growing periods. RESULTS The results revealed that all metabolites including carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, and ginsenosides in ginseng roots and leaves were clearly dependent on growing seasons from March to October. In particular, ginsenosides, arginine, sterols, fatty acids, and uracil diphosphate glucose-sugars were markedly synthesized from March until May, together with accelerated sucrose catabolism, possibly associated with climatic changes such as sun exposure time and rainfall. CONCLUSION This study highlights the intrinsic metabolic characteristics of ginseng plants and their associations with climate changes during their growth. It provides important information not only for better understanding of the metabolic phenotype of ginseng but also for quality improvement of ginseng through modification of cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Lee
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesik Jeong
- Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sung-Tai Han
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyo In
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Protein Structure Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sik Jeong
- Department of Food & Life Science, College of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inje University, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Shick Hong
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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