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Singh R, Chandi SK, Sran S, Aulakh SK, Nijjar GS, Singh K, Singh S, Tanvir F, Kaur Y, Sandhu APS. Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cureus 2024; 16:e64388. [PMID: 39131016 PMCID: PMC11317025 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including ischemic heart disease and stroke, are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, causing nearly 20 million deaths annually. Traditional therapies, while effective, have not curbed the rising prevalence of CVDs driven by aging populations and lifestyle factors. This review highlights innovative therapeutic strategies that show promise in improving patient outcomes and transforming cardiovascular care. Emerging pharmacological treatments, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, introduce novel mechanisms to complement existing therapies, significantly reducing cardiovascular events and mortality. These advancements emphasize the necessity of ongoing clinical trials and research to discover new therapeutic targets. Advanced biological therapies, including gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and RNA-based treatments, offer groundbreaking potential for repairing and regenerating damaged cardiovascular tissues. Despite being in various stages of clinical validation, early results are promising, suggesting these therapies could fundamentally change the CVD treatment landscape. Innovative medical devices and technologies, such as implantable devices, minimally invasive procedures, and wearable technology, are revolutionizing CVD management. These advancements facilitate early diagnosis, continuous monitoring, and effective treatment, driving care out of hospitals and into homes, improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs. Personalized medicine, driven by genetic profiling and biomarker identification, allows for tailored therapies that enhance treatment efficacy and minimize adverse effects. However, the adoption of these emerging therapies faces significant challenges, including regulatory hurdles, cost and accessibility issues, and ethical considerations. Addressing these barriers and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration are crucial for accelerating the development and implementation of innovative treatments. Integrating emerging therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular care holds immense potential to transform CVD management. By prioritizing future research and overcoming existing challenges, a new era of personalized, effective, and accessible cardiovascular care can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinderpal Singh
- Internal Medicine, Government Medical College Amritsar, Amritsar, IND
| | | | - Seerat Sran
- Internal Medicine, Sri Guru Ram Das University of Health Sciences and Research, Amritsar, IND
| | - Smriti K Aulakh
- Internal Medicine, Sri Guru Ram Das University of Health Sciences and Research, Amritsar, IND
| | | | | | - Sumerjit Singh
- Medicine, Government Medical College Amritsar, Amritsar, IND
| | - Fnu Tanvir
- Medicine, Government Medical College Amritsar, Amritsar, IND
| | - Yasmeen Kaur
- Medicine, Government Medical College Amritsar, Amritsar, IND
| | - Ajay Pal Singh Sandhu
- Medicine, Sri Guru Ram Das University of Health Sciences and Research, Amritsar, IND
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Kumar R, Mishra N, Tran T, Kumar M, Vijayaraghavalu S, Gurusamy N. Emerging Strategies in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cardiovascular Therapeutics. Cells 2024; 13:855. [PMID: 38786076 PMCID: PMC11120430 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases continue to challenge global health, demanding innovative therapeutic solutions. This review delves into the transformative role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in advancing cardiovascular therapeutics. Beginning with a historical perspective, we trace the development of stem cell research related to cardiovascular diseases, highlighting foundational therapeutic approaches and the evolution of cell-based treatments. Recognizing the inherent challenges of MSC-based cardiovascular therapeutics, which range from understanding the pro-reparative activity of MSCs to tailoring patient-specific treatments, we emphasize the need to refine the pro-regenerative capacity of these cells. Crucially, our focus then shifts to the strategies of the fourth generation of cell-based therapies: leveraging the secretomic prowess of MSCs, particularly the role of extracellular vesicles; integrating biocompatible scaffolds and artificial sheets to amplify MSCs' potential; adopting three-dimensional ex vivo propagation tailored to specific tissue niches; harnessing the promise of genetic modifications for targeted tissue repair; and institutionalizing good manufacturing practice protocols to ensure therapeutic safety and efficacy. We conclude with reflections on these advancements, envisaging a future landscape redefined by MSCs in cardiovascular regeneration. This review offers both a consolidation of our current understanding and a view toward imminent therapeutic horizons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Nitin Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Talan Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA
| | - Munish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | | | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA
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Wu D, Liu X, Jin Z. Placental mesenchymal stem cells-secreted proenkephalin suppresses the p38 MAPK signaling to block hyperproliferation of keloid fibroblasts. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102218. [PMID: 37913601 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thanks to their multi-potency and secretory functions, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have long been established as an ideal cell type for skin wound healing and a candidate therapeutic strategy for excessive pathological scarring in the meantime. This study focuses on the effect of placental MSCs (PMSCs) on the activity of keloid fibroblasts (KFs) and the potential involvement of proenkephalin (PENK). METHODS Secretory protein of PMSC that are lowly expressed in KFs were predicted by bioinformatics analyses. The expression of PENK in KFs was detected by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. PMSCs were co-cultured with KFs and dermal fibroblasts (DFs) to examine their effect on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of the distinct cell types. PENK secretion by PMSCs and its uptake by KFs were examined by ELISA, WB, and immunofluorescence staining. Loss-of-functions of PENK and p38-MAPK were induced to examine the activity of KFs in vitro and in mice. RESULTS PENK, a secretory protein of PMSCs, was conspicuously downregulated in KFs compared to normal DFs. PMSC stimulation suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis of the co-cultured KFs but not DFs, which was ascribed to the upregulation of PENK protein in KFs. PMSCs-secreted PENK suppressed p38 phosphorylation in KFs. The proliferative and aggressive properties of KFs in vitro and the nodule-forming capacity of KFs in vivo were promoted upon PENK downregulation but suppressed by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190. CONCLUSION This work unravels that PMSCs-secreted PENK suppresses the p38 MAPK signaling to block hyperproliferation of KFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Dermtology, Jilin Central Hospital, Jilin 132001, Jilin, PR China; Department of Dermtology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Dermtology, Jilin Central Hospital, Jilin 132001, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhehu Jin
- Department of Dermtology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, PR China.
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Kikuchi T, Nishimura M, Shirakawa C, Fujita Y, Otoi T. Relationship between oxygen partial pressure and inhibition of cell aggregation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells stored in cell preservation solutions. Regen Ther 2023; 24:25-31. [PMID: 37303463 PMCID: PMC10247950 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the storage conditions under which cell aggregation occurs and the conditions that inhibit cell aggregation when human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) are stored in lactated Ringer's solution (LR) supplemented with 3% trehalose and 5% dextran 40 (LR-3T-5D). Methods We first examined the effects of storage temperature and time on the aggregation and viability of hADSCs stored in LR and LR-3T-5D. The cells were stored at 5 °C or 25 °C for various times up to 24 h. We then evaluated the effects of storage volume (250-2,000 μL), cell density (2.5-20 × 105 cells/mL), and nitrogen gas replacement on aggregation, oxygen partial pressure (pO2), and viability of hADSCs stored for 24 h at 25 °C in LR-3T-5D. Results When stored in LR-3T-5D, viability did not change under either condition compared with pre-storage, but the cell aggregation rate increased significantly with storage at 25 °C for 24 h (p<0.001). In LR, the aggregation rate did not change under either condition, but cell viability decreased significantly after 24 h at both 5 °C and 25 °C (p < 0.05). The cell aggregation rates and pO2 tended to decrease with increasing solution volume and cell density. Nitrogen gas replacement significantly decreased the cell aggregation rate and pO2 (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in viability among cells stored under conditions of different storage volumes, densities, and nitrogen gas replacement. Conclusions Aggregation of cells after storage at 25 °C in LR-3T-5D may be suppressed by increasing the storage volume and cell density as well as by incorporating nitrogen replacement, which lowers the pO2 in the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kikuchi
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Masuhiro Nishimura
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Chikage Shirakawa
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fujita
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 779-3233, Japan
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Abouzid MR, Ali K, Kamel I, Esteghamati S, Saleh A, Ghanim M. The Safety and Efficacy of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients With Heart Failure and Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. Cureus 2023; 15:e49645. [PMID: 38033439 PMCID: PMC10686683 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggests that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (HUC-MSCs) may be useful in treating heart failure and acute myocardial infarction (MI). However, the effects of stem cell therapy on patients with heart failure remain the subject of ongoing controversy, and the safety and effectiveness of HUC-MSCs therapy have not yet been proven. To date, there has been no systematic overview and meta-analysis of clinical studies using HUC-MSCs therapy for heart failure and MI. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of HUC-MSC therapy versus a placebo in patients with heart failure and MI. While preparing this systematic review and meta-analysis, we adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A computer literature search of PubMed was performed. We considered randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported data on the safety and efficacy of HUC-MSC transplantation in patients with heart failure and MI. Two investigators independently searched the literature, extracted data, and rated the quality of the included research. Pooled data were analyzed using the fixed-effect model or the random-effect model in Review Manager 5.3. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the bias of included studies. The primary outcome was ejection fraction (EF), whereas the secondary outcomes were readmission and mortality rates. Three RCTs (201 patients) were included in this meta-analysis. The overall effect did not favor either of the two groups in terms of risk of readmission (risk ratio = 0.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.22-1.15, p = 0.10) as well as mortality rate (risk ratio = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.14-1.44, p = 0.18). However, there was an improvement in EF in patients who received HUC-MSCs compared to placebo after 12 months of transplantation (mean difference (MD) = 3.21, 95% CI = 2.91-3.51, p < 0.00001). At the six-month follow-up period, there was no significant improvement in EF (MD = 1.30, 95% CI = -1.94-4.54), p = 0.43), indicating that the duration of follow-up can shape the response to therapy. Our findings indicate that HUC-MSC transplantation can improve EF but has no meaningful effect on readmission or mortality rates. Existing evidence is insufficient to confirm the efficacy of HUC-MSCs for broader therapeutic applications. Therefore, additional double-blind RCTs with larger sample sizes are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed R Abouzid
- Internal Medicine, Baptist Hospitals of Southeast Texas, Beaumont, USA
| | - Karim Ali
- Internal Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Ibrahim Kamel
- Internal Medicine, Steward Carney Hospital, Boston, USA
| | | | - Amr Saleh
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EGY
| | - Mohammed Ghanim
- Internal Medicine, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, ARE
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Arsh H, Pahwani R, Arif Rasool Chaudhry W, Khan R, Khenhrani RR, Devi S, Malik J. Delayed Ventricular Septal Rupture Repair After Myocardial Infarction: An Updated Review. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101887. [PMID: 37336311 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rare but serious complication that can occur after myocardial infarction (MI) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The optimal management approach for VSR remains a topic of debate, with considerations including early versus delayed surgery, risk stratification, pharmacological interventions, minimally invasive techniques, and tissue engineering. The pathophysiology of VSR involves myocardial necrosis, inflammatory response, and enzymatic degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). These processes lead to structural weakening and subsequent rupture of the ventricular septum. Hemodynamically, VSR results in left-to-right shunting, increased pulmonary blood flow, and potentially hemodynamic instability. The early surgical repair offers the advantages of immediate closure of the defect, prevention of complications, and potentially improved outcomes. However, it is associated with higher surgical risk and limited myocardial recovery potential during the waiting period. In contrast, delayed surgery allows for a period of myocardial recovery, risk stratification, and optimization of surgical outcomes. However, it carries the risk of ongoing complications and progression of ventricular remodeling. Risk stratification plays a crucial role in determining the optimal timing for surgery and tailoring treatment plans. Various clinical factors, imaging assessments, scoring systems, biomarkers, and hemodynamic parameters aid in risk assessment and guide decision-making. Pharmacological interventions, including vasopressors, diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, antiplatelet agents, and antiarrhythmic drugs, are employed to stabilize hemodynamics, prevent complications, promote myocardial healing, and improve outcomes in VSR patients. Advancements in minimally invasive techniques, such as percutaneous device closure, and tissue engineering hold promise for less invasive interventions and better outcomes. These approaches aim to minimize surgical morbidity, optimize healing, and enhance patient recovery. In conclusion, the management of VSR after MI requires a multidimensional approach that considers various aspects, including risk stratification, surgical timing, pharmacological interventions, minimally invasive techniques, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Arsh
- Department of Medicine, THQ Hospital, Pasrur, Pakistan
| | - Ritesh Pahwani
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Rubaiqa Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sherwan Rural Health Center, Sherwan, Pakistan
| | - Raja Ram Khenhrani
- Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Sapna Devi
- Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Jahanzeb Malik
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Bragança J, Pinto R, Silva B, Marques N, Leitão HS, Fernandes MT. Charting the Path: Navigating Embryonic Development to Potentially Safeguard against Congenital Heart Defects. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1263. [PMID: 37623513 PMCID: PMC10455635 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are structural or functional defects present at birth due to improper heart development. Current therapeutic approaches to treating severe CHDs are primarily palliative surgical interventions during the peri- or prenatal stages, when the heart has fully developed from faulty embryogenesis. However, earlier interventions during embryonic development have the potential for better outcomes, as demonstrated by fetal cardiac interventions performed in utero, which have shown improved neonatal and prenatal survival rates, as well as reduced lifelong morbidity. Extensive research on heart development has identified key steps, cellular players, and the intricate network of signaling pathways and transcription factors governing cardiogenesis. Additionally, some reports have indicated that certain adverse genetic and environmental conditions leading to heart malformations and embryonic death may be amendable through the activation of alternative mechanisms. This review first highlights key molecular and cellular processes involved in heart development. Subsequently, it explores the potential for future therapeutic strategies, targeting early embryonic stages, to prevent CHDs, through the delivery of biomolecules or exosomes to compensate for faulty cardiogenic mechanisms. Implementing such non-surgical interventions during early gestation may offer a prophylactic approach toward reducing the occurrence and severity of CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rute Pinto
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Nuno Marques
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Helena S. Leitão
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mónica T. Fernandes
- Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- School of Health, University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Correia CD, Ferreira A, Fernandes MT, Silva BM, Esteves F, Leitão HS, Bragança J, Calado SM. Human Stem Cells for Cardiac Disease Modeling and Preclinical and Clinical Applications—Are We on the Road to Success? Cells 2023; 12:1727. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3390/cells12131727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are pointed out by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the leading cause of death, contributing to a significant and growing global health and economic burden. Despite advancements in clinical approaches, there is a critical need for innovative cardiovascular treatments to improve patient outcomes. Therapies based on adult stem cells (ASCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have emerged as promising strategies to regenerate damaged cardiac tissue and restore cardiac function. Moreover, the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells has opened new avenues for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine applications, with fewer ethical concerns than those associated with ESCs. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art review on the application of human pluripotent stem cells in CVD research and clinics. We describe the types and sources of stem cells that have been tested in preclinical and clinical trials for the treatment of CVDs as well as the applications of pluripotent stem-cell-derived in vitro systems to mimic disease phenotypes. How human stem-cell-based in vitro systems can overcome the limitations of current toxicological studies is also discussed. Finally, the current state of clinical trials involving stem-cell-based approaches to treat CVDs are presented, and the strengths and weaknesses are critically discussed to assess whether researchers and clinicians are getting closer to success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia D. Correia
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Anita Ferreira
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mónica T. Fernandes
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- School of Health, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Bárbara M. Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Helena S. Leitão
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia M. Calado
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Correia CD, Ferreira A, Fernandes MT, Silva BM, Esteves F, Leitão HS, Bragança J, Calado SM. Human Stem Cells for Cardiac Disease Modeling and Preclinical and Clinical Applications-Are We on the Road to Success? Cells 2023; 12:1727. [PMID: 37443761 PMCID: PMC10341347 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are pointed out by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the leading cause of death, contributing to a significant and growing global health and economic burden. Despite advancements in clinical approaches, there is a critical need for innovative cardiovascular treatments to improve patient outcomes. Therapies based on adult stem cells (ASCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have emerged as promising strategies to regenerate damaged cardiac tissue and restore cardiac function. Moreover, the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells has opened new avenues for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine applications, with fewer ethical concerns than those associated with ESCs. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art review on the application of human pluripotent stem cells in CVD research and clinics. We describe the types and sources of stem cells that have been tested in preclinical and clinical trials for the treatment of CVDs as well as the applications of pluripotent stem-cell-derived in vitro systems to mimic disease phenotypes. How human stem-cell-based in vitro systems can overcome the limitations of current toxicological studies is also discussed. Finally, the current state of clinical trials involving stem-cell-based approaches to treat CVDs are presented, and the strengths and weaknesses are critically discussed to assess whether researchers and clinicians are getting closer to success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia D. Correia
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Anita Ferreira
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mónica T. Fernandes
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- School of Health, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Bárbara M. Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Helena S. Leitão
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia M. Calado
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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10
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de Oliveira Laterza Ribeiro M, Correia VM, Herling de Oliveira LL, Soares PR, Scudeler TL. Evolving Diagnostic and Management Advances in Coronary Heart Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:951. [PMID: 37109480 PMCID: PMC10143565 DOI: 10.3390/life13040951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable improvement in diagnostic modalities and therapeutic options over the last few decades, the global burden of ischemic heart disease is steadily rising, remaining a major cause of death worldwide. Thus, new strategies are needed to lessen cardiovascular events. Researchers in different areas such as biotechnology and tissue engineering have developed novel therapeutic strategies such as stem cells, nanotechnology, and robotic surgery, among others (3D printing and drugs). In addition, advances in bioengineering have led to the emergence of new diagnostic and prognostic techniques, such as quantitative flow ratio (QFR), and biomarkers for atherosclerosis. In this review, we explore novel diagnostic invasive and noninvasive modalities that allow a more detailed characterization of coronary disease. We delve into new technological revascularization procedures and pharmacological agents that target several residual cardiovascular risks, including inflammatory, thrombotic, and metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thiago Luis Scudeler
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
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11
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Administration of stem cells against cardiovascular diseases with a focus on molecular mechanisms: Current knowledge and prospects. Tissue Cell 2023; 81:102030. [PMID: 36709696 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a serious global concern for public and human health. Despite the emergence of significant therapeutic advances, it is still the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. As a result, extensive efforts are underway to develop practical therapeutic approaches. Stem cell-based therapies could be considered a promising strategy for the treatment of CVDs. The efficacy of stem cell-based therapeutic approaches is demonstrated through recent laboratory and clinical studies due to their inherent regenerative properties, proliferative nature, and their capacity to differentiate into different cells such as cardiomyocytes. These properties could improve cardiovascular functioning leading to heart regeneration. The two most common types of stem cells with the potential to cure heart diseases are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Several studies have demonstrated the use, efficacy, and safety of MSC and iPSCs-based therapies for the treatment of CVDs. In this study, we explain the application of stem cells, especially iPSCs and MSCs, in the treatment of CVDs with a focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms and then discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and perspectives of using this technology in the treatment of these diseases.
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12
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Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Treatment of Myocardial Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054577. [PMID: 36902008 PMCID: PMC10003569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) therapy brings great hope to the treatment of myocardial injuries, while extracellular vesicles may be one of the main mechanisms of its action. iPSC-derived small extracellular vesicles (iPSCs-sEVs) can carry genetic and proteinaceous substances and mediate the interaction between iPSCs and target cells. In recent years, more and more studies have focused on the therapeutic effect of iPSCs-sEVs in myocardial injury. IPSCs-sEVs may be a new cell-free-based treatment for myocardial injury, including myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. In the current research on myocardial injury, the extraction of sEVs from mesenchymal stem cells induced by iPSCs was widely used. Isolation methods of iPSCs-sEVs for the treatment of myocardial injury include ultracentrifugation, isodensity gradient centrifugation, and size exclusion chromatography. Tail vein injection and intraductal administration are the most widely used routes of iPSCs-sEV administration. The characteristics of sEVs derived from iPSCs which were induced from different species and organs, including fibroblasts and bone marrow, were further compared. In addition, the beneficial genes of iPSC can be regulated through CRISPR/Cas9 to change the composition of sEVs and improve the abundance and expression diversity of them. This review focused on the strategies and mechanisms of iPSCs-sEVs in the treatment of myocardial injury, which provides a reference for future research and the application of iPSCs-sEVs.
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13
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Gao L, Qiu F, Cao H, Li H, Dai G, Ma T, Gong Y, Luo W, Zhu D, Qiu Z, Zhu P, Chu S, Yang H, Liu Z. Therapeutic delivery of microRNA-125a-5p oligonucleotides improves recovery from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice and swine. Theranostics 2023; 13:685-703. [PMID: 36632217 PMCID: PMC9830430 DOI: 10.7150/thno.73568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) to alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is compromised by the low cell engraftment rate and uncontrolled exosomal content. As one of their active ingredients, single-component microRNA therapy may have more inherent advantages. We sought to find an ideal microRNA candidate and determine whether it could reproduce the cardioprotective effects of MSCs and MSC-Exos. Methods: Cardiac function and myocardial remodeling in MSC, MSC-Exo, or microRNA oligonucleotide-treated mouse hearts were investigated after I/R injury. The effects of microRNA oligonucleotides on cardiac cells (macrophages, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells) and their downstream mechanisms were confirmed. Large animals were also employed to investigate the safety of microRNA therapy. Results: The results showed that microRNA-125a-5p (miR-125a-5p) is enriched in MSC-Exos, and intramyocardial delivery of their modified oligonucleotides (agomir) in mouse I/R myocardium, as well as MSCs or MSC-Exos, exerted obvious cardioprotection by increasing cardiac function and limiting adverse remodeling. In addition, miR-125a-5p agomir treatment increased M2 macrophage polarization, promoted angiogenesis, and attenuated fibroblast proliferation and activation, which subsequently contributed to the improvements in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation. Mechanistically, Klf13, Tgfbr1, and Daam1 are considered the targets of miR-125a-5p for regulating the function of macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, respectively. Similar results were observed following miR-125a-5p agomir treatment in a porcine model, with no increase in the risk of arrhythmia or hepatic, renal, or cardiac toxicity. Conclusions: This targeted microRNA delivery presents an effective and safe strategy as a stem cell and exosomal therapy in I/R cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Ling Gao, PhD, Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Rd., Shanghai, 200123, China. E-mail: ; Zhongmin Liu, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd., Shanghai, 200120, China. E-mail: ; Huangtian Yang, PhD, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, 320 Yueyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China. E-mail: ; Shuguang Chu, PhD, Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China. E-mail:
| | - Fan Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, China
| | - Hao Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hao Li
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Gonghua Dai
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Yanshan Gong
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Dongling Zhu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Zhixuan Qiu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China
| | - Shuguang Chu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Ling Gao, PhD, Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Rd., Shanghai, 200123, China. E-mail: ; Zhongmin Liu, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd., Shanghai, 200120, China. E-mail: ; Huangtian Yang, PhD, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, 320 Yueyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China. E-mail: ; Shuguang Chu, PhD, Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China. E-mail:
| | - Huangtian Yang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China.,Research Institute of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai 200031, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Ling Gao, PhD, Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Rd., Shanghai, 200123, China. E-mail: ; Zhongmin Liu, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd., Shanghai, 200120, China. E-mail: ; Huangtian Yang, PhD, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, 320 Yueyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China. E-mail: ; Shuguang Chu, PhD, Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China. E-mail:
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institutes for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China.,Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Research Institute of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical translation, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Ling Gao, PhD, Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Rd., Shanghai, 200123, China. E-mail: ; Zhongmin Liu, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd., Shanghai, 200120, China. E-mail: ; Huangtian Yang, PhD, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, 320 Yueyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China. E-mail: ; Shuguang Chu, PhD, Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China. E-mail:
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14
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Bonavida V, Ghassemi K, Ung G, Inouye K, Thankam FG, Agrawal DK. Novel Approaches to Program Cells to Differentiate into Cardiomyocytes in Myocardial Regeneration. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:392. [PMID: 39076655 PMCID: PMC11270456 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2312392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
With heart failure (HF) being one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death worldwide, multiple stem cell therapies have been attempted to accelerate the regeneration of the infarct zone. Versatile strategies have emerged to establish the cell candidates of cardiomyocyte lineage for regenerative cardiology. This article illustrates critical insights into the emerging technologies, current approaches, and translational promises on the programming of diverse cell types for cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Bonavida
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Ghassemi
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Ung
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Keiko Inouye
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Finosh G Thankam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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15
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Alhajri N, Rustom M, Adegbile A, Ahmed W, Kilidar S, Afify N. Deciphering the Basis of Molecular Biology of Selected Cardiovascular Diseases: A View on Network Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911421. [PMID: 36232723 PMCID: PMC9569471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death across the world. For decades, researchers have been studying the causes of cardiovascular disease, yet many of them remain undiscovered or poorly understood. Network medicine is a recently expanding, integrative field that attempts to elucidate this issue by conceiving of disease as the result of disruptive links between multiple interconnected biological components. Still in its nascent stages, this revolutionary application of network science facilitated a number of important discoveries in complex disease mechanisms. As methodologies become more advanced, network medicine harbors the potential to expound on the molecular and genetic complexities of disease to differentiate how these intricacies govern disease manifestations, prognosis, and therapy. This is of paramount importance for confronting the incredible challenges of current and future cardiovascular disease research. In this review, we summarize the principal molecular and genetic mechanisms of common cardiac pathophysiologies as well as discuss the existing knowledge on therapeutic strategies to prevent, halt, or reverse these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Alhajri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi (CCAD), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112412, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad Rustom
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adedayo Adegbile
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Weshah Ahmed
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salsabeel Kilidar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City SSMC, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 11001, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nariman Afify
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
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16
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Overexpression of PYGO1 promotes early cardiac lineage development in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal/stem cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1722-1735. [PMID: 36085540 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease still has the highest mortality. Gene-modified mesenchymal stromal/stem cells could be a promising therapy. Pygo plays an important role in embryonic development and regulates life activities with a variety of regulatory mechanisms. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether the overexpression of the PYGO1 gene can promote the differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (HUC-MSCs) into early cardiac lineage cells and to preliminary explore the relevant mechanisms. In this study, HUC-MSCs were isolated by the explant method and were identified by flow cytometry and differentiation assay, followed by transfected with lentivirus carrying the PYGO1 plasmid. In PYGO1 group (cells were incubated with lentiviral-PYGO1), the mRNA expressions of cardiac differentiation-specific markers (MESP1, NKX2.5, GATA4, MEF2C, ISL1, TBX5, TNNT2, ACTC1, and MYH6 genes) and the protein expressions of NKX2.5 and cTnT were significantly up-regulated compared with the NC group (cells were incubated with lentiviral-empty vector). In addition, the proportion of NKX2.5, GATA4, and cTnT immunofluorescence-positive cells increased with the inducement time. Overexpression of PYGO1 statistically significantly increased the relative luciferase expression level of Topflash plasmid, the protein expression level of β-catenin and the mRNA expression level of CYCLIND1. Compared with the control group, decreased protein levels of NKX2.5 and cTnT were detected in PYGO1 group after application of XAV-939, the specific inhibitor of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Our study suggests that overexpression of PYGO1 significantly promotes the differentiation of HUC-MSCs into early cardiac lineage cells, which is regulated by the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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17
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Cell-Based and Selected Cell-Free Therapies for Myocardial Infarction: How Do They Compare to the Current Treatment Options? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810314. [PMID: 36142245 PMCID: PMC9499607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of cardiomyocyte death or dysfunction frequently caused by myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in modern society. Paradoxically, only limited and non-curative therapies for heart failure or MI are currently available. As a result, over the past two decades research has focused on developing cell-based approaches promoting the regeneration of infarcted tissue. Cell-based therapies for myocardial regeneration include powerful candidates, such as multipotent stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), bone-marrow-derived stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and hematopoietic stem cells) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These possess unique properties, such as potency to differentiate into desired cell types, proliferation capacity, and patient specificity. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated modest improvement in the myocardial regeneration and reduced infarcted areas upon transplantation of pluripotent or multipotent stem cells. Another cell population that need to be considered as a potential source for cardiac regeneration are telocytes found in different organs, including the heart. Their therapeutic effect has been studied in various heart pathologies, such as MI, arrhythmias, or atrial amyloidosis. The most recent cell-free therapeutic tool relies on the cardioprotective effect of complex cargo carried by small membrane-bound vesicles—exosomes—released from stem cells via exocytosis. The MSC/iPSC-derived exosomes could be considered a novel exosome-based therapy for cardiovascular diseases thanks to their unique content. There are also other cell-free approaches, e.g., gene therapy, or acellular cardiac patches. Therefore, our review provides the most recent insights into the novel strategies for myocardial repair based on the regenerative potential of different cell types and cell-free approaches.
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18
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Ma J, Lei P, Chen H, Wang L, Fang Y, Yan X, Yang Q, Peng B, Jin L, Sun D. Advances in lncRNAs from stem cell-derived exosome for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:986683. [PMID: 36147326 PMCID: PMC9486024 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.986683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality globally. Benefiting from the advantages of early diagnosis and precision medicine, stem cell-based therapies have emerged as promising treatment options for CVDs. However, autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation imposes a potential risk of immunological rejection, infusion toxicity, and oncogenesis. Fortunately, exosome can override these limitations. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in exosome from stem cell paracrine factors play critical roles in stem cell therapy and participate in numerous regulatory processes, including transcriptional silencing, transcriptional activation, chromosome modification, and intranuclear transport. Accordingly, lncRNAs can treat CVDs by directly acting on specific signaling pathways. This mini review systematically summarizes the key regulatory actions of lncRNAs from different stem cells on myocardial aging and apoptosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, retinopathy, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. In addition, the current challenges and future prospects of lncRNAs treatment for CVDs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haojie Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yimeng Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qinsi Yang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Da Sun, ; Libo Jin,
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Da Sun, ; Libo Jin,
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19
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Bashor CJ, Hilton IB, Bandukwala H, Smith DM, Veiseh O. Engineering the next generation of cell-based therapeutics. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:655-675. [PMID: 35637318 PMCID: PMC9149674 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapeutics are an emerging modality with the potential to treat many currently intractable diseases through uniquely powerful modes of action. Despite notable recent clinical and commercial successes, cell-based therapies continue to face numerous challenges that limit their widespread translation and commercialization, including identification of the appropriate cell source, generation of a sufficiently viable, potent and safe product that meets patient- and disease-specific needs, and the development of scalable manufacturing processes. These hurdles are being addressed through the use of cutting-edge basic research driven by next-generation engineering approaches, including genome and epigenome editing, synthetic biology and the use of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb J Bashor
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Isaac B Hilton
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Hozefa Bandukwala
- Sigilon Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Flagship Pioneering, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Devyn M Smith
- Sigilon Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Arbor Biotechnologies, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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20
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Munderere R, Kim SH, Kim C, Park SH. The Progress of Stem Cell Therapy in Myocardial-Infarcted Heart Regeneration: Cell Sheet Technology. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:969-986. [PMID: 35857259 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Various tissues, including the heart, cornea, bone, esophagus, bladder and liver, have been vascularized using the cell sheet technique. It overcomes the limitations of existing techniques by allowing small layers of the cell sheet to generate capillaries on their own, and it can also be used to vascularize tissue-engineered transplants. Cell sheets eliminate the need for traditional tissue engineering procedures such as isolated cell injections and scaffold-based technologies, which have limited applicability. While cell sheet engineering can eliminate many of the drawbacks, there are still a few challenges that need to be addressed. The number of cell sheets that can be layered without triggering core ischemia or hypoxia is limited. Even when scaffold-based technologies are disregarded, strategies to tackle this problem remain a substantial impediment to the efficient regeneration of thick, living three-dimensional cell sheets. In this review, we summarize the cell sheet technology in myocardial infarcted tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Munderere
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,The Center for Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 PLUS), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hwa Kim
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,The Center for Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 PLUS), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Kim
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyug Park
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. .,The Center for Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 PLUS), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. .,Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Afjeh-Dana E, Naserzadeh P, Moradi E, Hosseini N, Seifalian AM, Ashtari B. Stem Cell Differentiation into Cardiomyocytes: Current Methods and Emerging Approaches. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2566-2592. [PMID: 35508757 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are globally known to be important causes of mortality and disabilities. Common treatment strategies for CVDs, such as pharmacological therapeutics impose serious challenges due to the failure of treatments for myocardial necrosis. By contrast, stem cells (SCs) based therapies are seen to be promising approaches to CVDs treatment. In such approaches, cardiomyocytes are differentiated from SCs. To fulfill SCs complete potential, the method should be appointed to generate cardiomyocytes with more mature structure and well-functioning operations. For heart repairing applications, a greatly scalable and medical-grade cardiomyocyte generation must be used. Nonetheless, there are some challenges such as immune rejection, arrhythmogenesis, tumorigenesis, and graft cell death potential. Herein, we discuss the types of potential SCs, and commonly used methods including embryoid bodies related techniques, co-culture, mechanical stimulation, and electrical stimulation and their applications, advantages and limitations in this field. An estimated 17.9 million people died from CVDs in 2019, representing 32 % of all global deaths. Of these deaths, 85 % were due to heart attack and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Afjeh-Dana
- Radiation Biology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Naserzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Moradi
- Radiation Biology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Hosseini
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alexander Marcus Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialisation Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd), London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UK
| | - Behnaz Ashtari
- Radiation Biology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Yang L, Patel KD, Rathnam C, Thangam R, Hou Y, Kang H, Lee KB. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles for Biomedical Applications Using Multifunctional Magnetic Nanomaterials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104783. [PMID: 35132796 PMCID: PMC9344859 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (e.g., exosomes) carrying various biomolecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) have rapidly emerged as promising platforms for many biomedical applications. Despite their enormous potential, their heterogeneity in surfaces and sizes, the high complexity of cargo biomolecules, and the inefficient uptake by recipient cells remain critical barriers for their theranostic applications. To address these critical issues, multifunctional nanomaterials, such as magnetic nanomaterials, with their tunable physical, chemical, and biological properties, may play crucial roles in next-generation extracellular vesicles (EV)-based disease diagnosis, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. As such, one aims to provide cutting-edge knowledge pertaining to magnetic nanomaterials-facilitated isolation, detection, and delivery of extracellular vesicles and their associated biomolecules. By engaging the fields of extracellular vesicles and magnetic nanomaterials, it is envisioned that their properties can be effectively combined for optimal outcomes in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kapil D. Patel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher Rathnam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ramar Thangam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yannan Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers-the State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- CORRESPONDENCE: Prof. Heemin Kang, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea, Phone: +82-2-3290-3853, , https://www.dynamicnano.org/; Prof. Ki-Bum Lee, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA, Tel. +1-848-445-2081; Fax: +1-732-445-5312, , https://kblee.rutgers.edu/
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- CORRESPONDENCE: Prof. Heemin Kang, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea, Phone: +82-2-3290-3853, , https://www.dynamicnano.org/; Prof. Ki-Bum Lee, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA, Tel. +1-848-445-2081; Fax: +1-732-445-5312, , https://kblee.rutgers.edu/
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23
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Tian Y, Wang TS, Bu H, Shao G, Zhang W, Zhang L. Role of Exosomal miR-223 in Chronic Skeletal Muscle Inflammation. Orthop Surg 2022; 14:644-651. [PMID: 35293669 PMCID: PMC9002075 DOI: 10.1111/os.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As skeletal muscle is one of the largest organs in the body, its damage can directly reflect a decline in somatic function, thus, further affecting daily life and health. Inflammation is a prerequisite for the repair of injured skeletal muscles. Chronic inflammation induced by inadequate repair in skeletal muscle aggravates tissue injury. Exosomes regulate inflammatory responses to facilitate the repair of skeletal muscle injury. Moreover, exosomal miR‐223 with high specificity is the most abundant miRNA in peripheral blood and regarded as biomarkers for inflammation post skeletal muscle injury, which warrants further investigation. Available studies have demonstrated that exosomal miR‐223 negatively correlates with TNF‐α levels in serum and regulates the canonical inflammatory NF‐κB signaling pathway. miR‐223 is a negative feedback regulator with great potential for adjusting inflammatory imbalance and promoting skeletal muscle repair. The research on the regulation of negative feedback factors in the inflammatory signaling pathway is essential in biology and medicine. Therefore, this review mainly elaborates the formation, heterogeneity and markers of exosomes and points out exosomal miR‐223 as a beneficial role in chronic skeletal muscle inflammation and can be expected to be a potential therapeutic target for skeletal muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Tie-Shan Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - He Bu
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Guo Shao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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24
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Bagno LL, Salerno AG, Balkan W, Hare JM. Mechanism of Action of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): impact of delivery method. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 22:449-463. [PMID: 34882517 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2016695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs; AKA mesenchymal stem cells) stimulate healing and reduce inflammation. Promising therapeutic responses are seen in many late-phase clinical trials, but others have not satisfied their primary endpoints, making translation of MSCs into clinical practice difficult. These inconsistencies may be related to the route of MSC delivery, lack of product optimization, or varying background therapies received in clinical trials over time. AREAS COVERED Here we discuss the different routes of MSC delivery, highlighting the proposed mechanism(s) of therapeutic action as well as potential safety concerns. PubMed search criteria used: MSC plus: local administration; routes of administration; delivery methods; mechanism of action; therapy in different diseases. EXPERT OPINION Direct injection of MSCs using a controlled local delivery approach appears to have benefits in certain disease states, but further studies are required to make definitive conclusions regarding the superiority of one delivery method over another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza L Bagno
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alessandro G Salerno
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wayne Balkan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami
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25
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Luo DS, Li YQ, Deng ZQ, Liu GH. Progress and prospect of stem cell therapy for diabetic erectile dysfunction. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:2000-2010. [PMID: 35047115 PMCID: PMC8696650 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i12.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic erectile dysfunction (DED) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, significantly impairing the quality of life of patients. The conventional clinical treatment still has limitations. Stem cells (SCs), as a type of cells with multidirectional or directional differentiation capability and sustainable self-renewal potential, are widely used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. With the continuous update of regenerative medicine theory and the success of animal experiments, SCs as a treatment for male erectile dysfunction, especially DED, have attracted widespread attention because of curable possibility. This review focus on the current progress in the clinical application of SC treatment for DED. Moreover, we summarize the development prospects of SCs in the field of DMED therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Sheng Luo
- Department of Urology, Dongguan People’s Hospital, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Reproductive Centre, Sun Yat-Sen University, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Quan Deng
- Department of Urology, Dongguan People’s Hospital, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gui-Hua Liu
- Reproductive Centre, Sun Yat-Sen University, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
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26
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Chabanovska O, Galow AM, David R, Lemcke H. mRNA - A game changer in regenerative medicine, cell-based therapy and reprogramming strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114002. [PMID: 34653534 PMCID: PMC9418126 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
After thirty years of intensive research shaping and optimizing the technology, the approval of the first mRNA-based formulation by the EMA and FDA in order to stop the COVID-19 pandemic was a breakthrough in mRNA research. The astonishing success of these vaccines have brought the mRNA platform into the spotlight of the scientific community. The remarkable persistence of the groundwork is mainly attributed to the exceptional benefits of mRNA application, including the biological origin, immediate but transitory mechanism of action, non-integrative properties, safe and relatively simple manufacturing as well as the flexibility to produce any desired protein. Based on these advantages, a practical implementation of in vitro transcribed mRNA has been considered in most areas of medicine. In this review, we discuss the key preconditions for the rise of the mRNA in the medical field, including the unique structural and functional features of the mRNA molecule and its vehicles, which are crucial aspects for a production of potent mRNA-based therapeutics. Further, we focus on the utility of mRNA tools particularly in the scope of regenerative medicine, i.e. cell reprogramming approaches or manipulation strategies for targeted tissue restoration. Finally, we highlight the strong clinical potential but also the remaining hurdles to overcome for the mRNA-based regenerative therapy, which is only a few steps away from becoming a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra Chabanovska
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany,Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Life, Light & Matter, University Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Galow
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Robert David
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany,Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Life, Light & Matter, University Rostock, Rostock, Germany,Corresponding author at: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Heiko Lemcke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany,Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department Life, Light & Matter, University Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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27
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Yu J, Zhang RF, Mao YL, Zhang H. Efficacy and Safety of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:793-807. [PMID: 34397334 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x16666210816111031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The adjuvant treatment of stem cell therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been studied in multiple clinical trials, but many questions remain to be addressed, such as efficacy, safety, identification of the optimal cell type, tractable route of delivery, transplant dosage, and transplant timing. The current meta-analysis aimed to explore the issues of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation in patients with AMI based on published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and guide the design of subsequent clinical trials of MSCs therapy for AMI. METHODS The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE databases were searched for relevant clinical trials from January 1, 2000, to January 23, 2021. Results from RCTs involving MSCs transplantation for the treatment of AMI were identified. According to the Cochrane systematic review method, the literature quality, including studies, was evaluated and valid data was extracted. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.1 software were used for Meta-analysis. RESULTS After a literature search and detailed evaluation, 9 randomized controlled trials enrolling 460 patients were included in the quantitative analysis. Pooled analyses indicated that MSCs therapy was associated with a significantly greater improvement in overall left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the effect was maintained for up to 24 months. No significant difference in favor of MSCs treatment in left ventricular (LV) volume and in the risk of rehospitalization as a result of heart failure (HF) was noted, compared with the controls. For transplantation dose, the LVEF of patients accepting a MSCs dose of 107-108 cells was significantly increased by 2.62% (95% CI 1.54 to 3.70; P < 0.00001; I2 =0%), but this increase was insignificant in the subgroup that accepted an MSCs dose of < 107 cells (1.65% in LVEF, 95% CI, 0.03 to 3.27; P =0.05; I2 =75%) or >108 cells (4.65% in LVEF, 95% CI, -4.55 to 13.48; P =0.32; I2 =95%), compared with the controls. For transplantation timing, a significant improvement of LVEF of 3.18% was achieved in the group of patients accepting a MSCs infusion within 2 to 14 days Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (95% CI, 2.89 to 3.47; P <0.00001; I2 = 0). There was no association between MSCs therapy and major adverse events. CONCLUSION Results from our systematic review suggest that MSCs therapy for patients with AMI appears to be safe and might induce a significant increase in LVEF with a limited impact on LV volume and rehospitalization caused by HF. The effect was maintained for up to 24 months. MSCs dose of 107-108 cells was more likely to achieve better clinical endpoints than <107 or >108 cells. The optimal time window for cell transplantation might be within 2-14 days after PCI. This meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD 42021241104.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Run-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang/Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi-Li Mao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang/Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang/Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
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28
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapies on Fibrotic Heart Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147447. [PMID: 34299066 PMCID: PMC8307175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising alternative approach to heart diseases. The most prevalent source of multipotent stem cells, usually called somatic or adult stem cells (mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, MSCs) used in clinical trials is bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue (AT-MSCs), umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) and placenta. Therapeutic use of MSCs in cardiovascular diseases is based on the benefits in reducing cardiac fibrosis and inflammation that compose the cardiac remodeling responsible for the maintenance of normal function, something which may end up causing progressive and irreversible dysfunction. Many factors lead to cardiac fibrosis and failure, and an effective therapy is lacking to reverse or attenuate this condition. Different approaches have been shown to be promising in surpassing the poor survival of transplanted cells in cardiac tissue to provide cardioprotection and prevent cardiac remodeling. This review includes the description of pre-clinical and clinical investigation of the therapeutic potential of MSCs in improving ventricular dysfunction consequent to diverse cardiac diseases.
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29
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Ng NN, Thakor AS. Locoregional delivery of stem cell-based therapies. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/547/eaba4564. [PMID: 32522806 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interventional regenerative medicine (IRM) uses image-guided, minimally invasive procedures for the targeted delivery of stem cell-based therapies to regenerate, replace, or repair damaged organs. Although many cellular therapies have shown promise in the preclinical setting, clinical results have been suboptimal. Most intravenously delivered cells become trapped in the lungs and reticuloendothelial system, resulting in little therapy reaching target tissues. IRM aims to increase the efficacy of cell-based therapies by locoregional stem cell delivery via endovascular, endoluminal, or direct injection into tissues. This review highlights routes of delivery, disease states, and mechanisms of action involved in the targeted delivery of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Norton Ng
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Avnesh Sinh Thakor
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
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30
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Suprunenko EA, Sazonova EA, Vasiliev AV. Extracellular Vesicles of Pluripotent Stem Cells. Russ J Dev Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360421030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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31
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Loo SJQ, Wong NK. Advantages and challenges of stem cell therapy for osteoarthritis (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 15:67. [PMID: 34155451 PMCID: PMC8212446 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disorder of the cartilage and is one of the leading causes of disability, particularly amongst the elderly, wherein patients with advanced-stage OA experience chronic pain and functional impairment of the limbs, thus resulting in a significantly reduced quality of life. The currently available treatments primarily revolve around symptom management, and is thus palliative rather than curative. The aim of the present review is to briefly discuss the limitations of some of the currently available treatments for patients with OA, and highlight the value of the potential use of stem cells in cellular therapy, which is widely regarded as the breakthrough that can address the present unmet medical needs for treatment of degenerative diseases, such as OA. The advantages of stem cell therapy, particularly mesenchymal stem cells, and the challenges involved are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Jyet Quan Loo
- Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Nyet Kui Wong
- Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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32
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Berndt R, Albrecht M, Rusch R. Strategies to Overcome the Barrier of Ischemic Microenvironment in Cell Therapy of Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052312. [PMID: 33669136 PMCID: PMC7956787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transplantation of various immune cell types are promising approaches for the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction (MI) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Major limitation of these so-called Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) is the ischemic microenvironment affecting cell homeostasis and limiting the demanded effect of the transplanted cell products. Accordingly, different clinical and experimental strategies have been evolved to overcome these obstacles. Here, we give a short review of the different experimental and clinical strategies to solve these issues due to ischemic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouven Berndt
- Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
- Vascular Research Center, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0431)-500-22033; Fax: +49-(0431)-500-22024
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - René Rusch
- Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
- Vascular Research Center, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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33
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Carresi C, Scicchitano M, Scarano F, Macrì R, Bosco F, Nucera S, Ruga S, Zito MC, Mollace R, Guarnieri L, Coppoletta AR, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Maiuolo J, Palma E, Mollace V. The Potential Properties of Natural Compounds in Cardiac Stem Cell Activation: Their Role in Myocardial Regeneration. Nutrients 2021; 13:275. [PMID: 33477916 PMCID: PMC7833367 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which include congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and many other cardiac disorders, cause about 30% of deaths globally; representing one of the main health problems worldwide. Among CVDs, ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. The onset of IHDs is essentially due to an unbalance between the metabolic demands of the myocardium and its supply of oxygen and nutrients, coupled with a low regenerative capacity of the heart, which leads to great cardiomyocyte (CM) loss; promoting heart failure (HF) and myocardial infarction (MI). To date, the first strategy recommended to avoid IHDs is prevention in order to reduce the underlying risk factors. In the management of IHDs, traditional therapeutic options are widely used to improve symptoms, attenuate adverse cardiac remodeling, and reduce early mortality rate. However, there are no available treatments that aim to improve cardiac performance by replacing the irreversible damaged cardiomyocytes (CMs). Currently, heart transplantation is the only treatment being carried out for irreversibly damaged CMs. Hence, the discovery of new therapeutic options seems to be necessary. Interestingly, recent experimental evidence suggests that regenerative stem cell medicine could be a useful therapeutic approach to counteract cardiac damage and promote tissue regeneration. To this end, researchers are tasked with answering one main question: how can myocardial regeneration be stimulated? In this regard, natural compounds from plant extracts seem to play a particularly promising role. The present review will summarize the recent advances in our knowledge of stem cell therapy in the management of CVDs; focusing on the main properties and potential mechanisms of natural compounds in stimulating and activating stem cells for myocardial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Maria Caterina Zito
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.S.); (R.M.); (F.B.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (L.G.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (J.M.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Fan C, Joshi J, Li F, Xu B, Khan M, Yang J, Zhu W. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:687. [PMID: 32671049 PMCID: PMC7326780 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of an adult cardiac tissue is insufficient to repair the massive loss of heart tissue, particularly cardiomyocytes (CMs), following ischemia or other catastrophic myocardial injuries. The delivery methods of therapeutics agents, such as small molecules, growth factors, exosomes, cells, and engineered tissues have significantly advanced in medical science. Furthermore, with the controlled release characteristics, nanoparticle (NP) systems carrying drugs are promising in enhancing the cardioprotective potential of drugs in patients with cardiac ischemic events. NPs can provide sustained exposure precisely to the infarcted heart via direct intramyocardial injection or intravenous injection with active targets. In this review, we present the recent advances and challenges of different types of NPs loaded with agents for the repair of myocardial infarcted heart tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jyotsna Joshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wuqiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Wei J, Hollabaugh C, Miller J, Geiger PC, Flynn BC. Molecular Cardioprotection and the Role of Exosomes: The Future Is Not Far Away. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:780-785. [PMID: 32571657 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in men and women in the United States. During the past several decades, research into the role of specific intracellular mediators, called exosomes, has advanced the understanding of molecular cardioprotection. Exosomes and the micro-RNAs within them may be potential targets for the development of genetically engineered or biosimilar medications for patients in heart failure or with ischemic cardiac disease. This review discusses anesthetic implications of exosome production and the future micro-RNA applications for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | | | - Joshua Miller
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Paige C Geiger
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Brigid C Flynn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
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He N, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Wang D, Ye H. Exosomes: Cell-Free Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2020; 13:713-721. [PMID: 32333198 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-020-09966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are an important cause of death and disease worldwide. Because injured cardiac tissue cannot be repaired itself, it is urgent to develop other alternate therapies. Stem cells can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells for the treatment of CVDs. Therefore, cell therapy has recently been considered a viable treatment option that can significantly improve cardiac function. Nonetheless, implanted stem cells rarely survive in the recipient heart, suggesting that the benefits of stem cell therapy may involve other mechanisms. Exosomes derived from stem cells have a myocardial protection function after myocardial injury, and may be a promising and effective therapy for CVDs. Here, we discuss the application and mechanism of exosomes derived from stem cells in the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs and provide evidence for the application of exosomes in CVDs. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana He
- Department of Cardiology, HwaMei Hospital (previously named Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Dongjuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, HwaMei Hospital (previously named Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Honghua Ye
- Department of Cardiology, HwaMei Hospital (previously named Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China.
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Next-generation stem cells - ushering in a new era of cell-based therapies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:463-479. [PMID: 32612263 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring stem cells isolated from humans have been used therapeutically for decades. This has primarily involved the transplantation of primary cells such as haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells and, more recently, derivatives of pluripotent stem cells. However, the advent of cell-engineering approaches is ushering in a new generation of stem cell-based therapies, greatly expanding their therapeutic utility. These next-generation stem cells are being used as 'Trojan horses' to improve the delivery of drugs and oncolytic viruses to intractable tumours and are also being engineered with angiogenic, neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory molecules to accelerate the repair of injured or diseased tissues. Moreover, gene therapy and gene editing technologies are being used to create stem cell derivatives with improved functionality, specificity and responsiveness compared with their natural counterparts. Here, we review these engineering approaches and areas in which they will help broaden the utility and clinical applicability of stem cells.
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Cotter EK, Kidd B, Flynn BC. Elevation of Intraoperative Lactate Levels During Cardiac Surgery: Is There Power in This Prognostication? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 34:885-887. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nishimura K, Oydanich M, Zhang J, Babici D, Fraidenraich D, Vatner DE, Vatner SF. Rats are protected from the stress of chronic pressure overload compared with mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R894-R900. [PMID: 32209023 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00370.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this investigation was to compare the effects of chronic (4 wk) transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in Sprague-Dawley rats and C57BL/6J mice. TAC, after 1 day, induced similar left ventricular (LV) pressure gradients in both rats (n = 7) and mice (n = 7) (113 ± 5.4 vs. 103 ± 11.5 mmHg), and after 4 wk, the percent increase in LV hypertrophy, as reflected by LV/tibial length (51% vs 49%), was similar in rats (n = 12) and mice (n = 12). After 4 wk of TAC, LV systolic and diastolic function were preserved in TAC rats. In contrast, in TAC mice, LV ejection fraction decreased by 31% compared with sham, along with increases in LV end-diastolic pressure (153%) and LV systolic wall stress (86%). Angiogenesis, as reflected by Ki67 staining of capillaries, increased more in rats (n = 6) than in mice (n = 6; 10 ± 2 vs. 6 ± 1 Ki67-positive cells/field). Myocardial blood flow fell by 55% and coronary reserve by 28% in mice with TAC (n = 4), but they were preserved in rats (n = 4). Myogenesis, as reflected by c-kit-positive myocytes staining positively for troponin I, is another mechanism that can confer protection after TAC. However, the c-kit-positive cells in rats with TAC were all negative for troponin I, indicating the absence of myogenesis. Thus, rats showed relative tolerance to severe pressure overload compared with mice, with mechanisms involving angiogenesis but not myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Nishimura
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Marko Oydanich
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Denis Babici
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Diego Fraidenraich
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Dorothy E Vatner
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Stephen F Vatner
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
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Fujita Y, Nishimura M, Komori NW, Wada T, Shirakawa C, Takenawa T, Sawamoto O, Doi M. A pair of cell preservation solutions for therapy with human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Regen Ther 2020; 14:95-102. [PMID: 31988999 PMCID: PMC6970134 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stem cells for therapy are often suspended in a preservation solution, such as normal saline or lactated Ringer's solution, for a short time before intravenous infusion. However, these solutions are not necessarily ideal for maintaining cell viability and preventing the sedimentation of cells during storage and infusion. In this study, we attempted to optimize the compositions of preservation solutions, which could affect the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy. Methods We determined the characteristics of a preservation solution that would optimize cell viability and the percentage of cells in the supernatant using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hADSCs). We compared solutions that differed by electrolytes (e.g., normal saline and Ringer's solution) and the concentrations of dextran 40 and trehalose. The effects of the solutions on hADSCs were evaluated by assessing cell surface markers, colony-forming capacity, differentiation potential, and cell concentrations in the infusion line. Results Optimized preservation solutions consisted of lactated Ringer's solution with 3% trehalose without or with 5% dextran 40 (LR-3T and LR-3T-5D, respectively). The cell viabilities after 24 h of storage at 5 °C in LR-3T and LR-3T-5D were 94.9% ± 2.4% and 97.6% ± 2.4%, respectively. The percentage of cells in the supernatant after 1 h of storage at room temperature in LR-3T-5D was 83.5% ± 7.6%. These solutions preserved the percentage of cell surface marker-positive cells, the colony-forming capacity, and the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation ability in hADSCs for at least 24 h after preservation at 5 °C and 25 °C. Discussion We determined the optimal composition of preservation solutions for hADSCs and confirmed the effects of these solutions on cell viability and the stability of cell characteristics in vitro. Our results suggest that LR-3T and LR-3T-5D can help maintain the quality of stem cells for therapy during preservation and infusion. However, further in vivo research is needed on the efficacy and safety of the solutions in different therapeutic cell lines before clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Fujita
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masuhiro Nishimura
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Tamaki Wada
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chikage Shirakawa
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Tokushima, Japan
| | - Taichi Takenawa
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Tokushima, Japan
| | - Osamu Sawamoto
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masako Doi
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Tokushima, Japan
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Gupta AO, Wagner JE. Umbilical Cord Blood Transplants: Current Status and Evolving Therapies. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:570282. [PMID: 33123504 PMCID: PMC7567024 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.570282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplants using stem cells from umbilical cord blood are used worldwide for the treatment of malignant and non-malignant disorders. Transplant procedures from this stem cell source have shown promising outcomes in successfully treating various hematologic, immunologic, malignant, and inherited metabolic disorders. Rapid availability of these stem cells is an important advantage over other unrelated donor transplants, especially in situations where waiting can adversely affect the prognosis. The umbilical cord blood is rich in CD34+ stem cells, though with a limited cell dose and usually takes longer to engraft. Limitations around this have been addressed by in vivo and ex vivo expansion techniques as well as enhanced engraftment kinetics. Development of adoptive immunotherapy using other components of umbilical cord blood such as regulatory T cells, virus-specific T cells, and natural killer cells has further transformed the field and enhanced the utility of umbilical cord blood unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish O Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - John E Wagner
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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The association between serum and dietary magnesium with cardiovascular disease risk factors in Iranian adults with metabolic syndrome. TRANSLATIONAL METABOLIC SYNDROME RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tmsr.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Caccioppo A, Franchin L, Grosso A, Angelini F, D'Ascenzo F, Brizzi MF. Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: Mechanisms of Damage/Protection and Novel Strategies for Cardiac Recovery/Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5024. [PMID: 31614414 PMCID: PMC6834134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases in an aging population pose a heavy social encumbrance. Moreover, current therapeutic approaches, which aimed to prevent or minimize ischemia-induced damage, are associated with relevant costs for healthcare systems. Early reperfusion by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) has undoubtedly improved patient's outcomes; however, the prevention of long-term complications is still an unmet need. To face these hurdles and improve patient's outcomes, novel pharmacological and interventional approaches, alone or in combination, reducing myocardium oxygen consumption or supplying blood flow via collateral vessels have been proposed. A number of clinical trials are ongoing to validate their efficacy on patient's outcomes. Alternative options, including stem cell-based therapies, have been evaluated to improve cardiac regeneration and prevent scar formation. However, due to the lack of long-term engraftment, more recently, great attention has been devoted to their paracrine mediators, including exosomes (Exo) and microvesicles (MV). Indeed, Exo and MV are both currently considered to be one of the most promising therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine. As a matter of fact, MV and Exo that are released from stem cells of different origin have been evaluated for their healing properties in ischemia reperfusion (I/R) settings. Therefore, this review will first summarize mechanisms of cardiac damage and protection after I/R damage to track the paths through which more appropriate interventional and/or molecular-based targeted therapies should be addressed. Moreover, it will provide insights on novel non-invasive/invasive interventional strategies and on Exo-based therapies as a challenge for improving patient's long-term complications. Finally, approaches for improving Exo healing properties, and topics still unsolved to move towards Exo clinical application will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caccioppo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy.
| | - Luca Franchin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy.
| | - Alberto Grosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy.
| | - Filippo Angelini
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio D'Ascenzo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy.
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Tavakoli Dargani Z, Singla DK. Embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit doxorubicin-induced TLR4-NLRP3-mediated cell death-pyroptosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H460-H471. [PMID: 31172809 PMCID: PMC6732475 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00056.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiac side effects are regulated through increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, it remains unknown whether Dox induces the specific inflammatory-mediated form of cell death called pyroptosis. The current study is undertaken to determine whether Dox induces pyroptosis in an in vitro model and to test the potential of exosomes derived from embryonic stem cells (ES-Exos) in inhibiting pyroptosis. H9c2 cells were exposed to Dox to generate pyroptosis and then subsequently treated with exosomes to investigate the protective effects of ES-Exos. Mouse embryonic fibroblast-exosomes (MEF-Exos) were used as a cell line control. We confirmed pyroptosis by analyzing the presence of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome that initiates pyroptosis, which was further confirmed with pyroptotic markers caspase-1, IL-1β, caspase-11, and gasdermin-D. The presence of inflammation was confirmed for proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, and IL-6. Our data show that Dox exposure significantly (P < 0.05) increases expression of TLR4, NLRP3, pyroptotic markers (caspase-1, IL-1β, caspase-11, and gasdermin-D), and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in H9c2 cells. The increased expression of inflammasome, pyroptosis, and inflammation was significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited by ES-Exos. Interestingly, our cell line control, MEF-Exos, did not show any protective effects. Furthermore, our cytokine array data suggest increased anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-9, and IL-13) and decreased proinflammatory cytokines (Fas ligand, IL-12, and TNF-α) in ES-Exos, suggesting that anti-inflammatory cytokines might be mediating the protective effects of ES-Exos. In conclusion, our data show that Dox induces pyroptotic cell death in the H9c2 cell culture model and is attenuated via treatment with ES-Exos.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity is mediated through increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, and necrosis. We report for the first time as per the best of our knowledge that Dox initiates Toll-like receptor 4 and pyrin domain containing-3 inflammasome formation and induces caspase-1-mediated inflammatory pyroptotic cell death in H9c2 cells. Moreover, we establish that inflammation and pyroptosis is inhibited by embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes that could be used as a future therapeutic option to treat Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tavakoli Dargani
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
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Liu H, Sun X, Gong X, Wang G. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes exert antiapoptosis effect via activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway on H9C2 cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14455-14464. [PMID: 30989714 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhe Gong
- Department of Cardiology Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Guogan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
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