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Sidow NO, Ibrahim AA, Ibrahim IG, Hassan MS, Mohamed SA. A challenging case presentation of multiple system atrophy cerebellar type: A rare case report from Somalia. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:6183-6186. [PMID: 39376957 PMCID: PMC11456811 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.08.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy is a rare and quickly progressing neurological condition characterized by autonomic failure, parkinsonism, or cerebellar ataxia. It is classified into two subtypes: MSA with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P) and MSA with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C). We are presenting here a 54-year-old male with parkinsonism, ataxia, and dysarthria. He was diagnosed with parkinson disease and was given a maximum dose of levodopa but has not responded. After a close neurological evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, which shows atrophy of the cerebellum and a brainstem with a hot cross bun sign of the pons, suggestive of multiple system atrophy, he was diagnosed with multiple system atrophy cerebellar type, which is the first time to have this diagnosis in Somalia, which is a low-resource country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Osman Sidow
- Department of Neurology, Mogadishu-Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Jazeera Univesity, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Abdiwahid Ahmed Ibrahim
- Department of Neurology, Mogadishu-Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Ismail Gedi Ibrahim
- Department of Radiology, Mogadishu-Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Mohamed Sheikh Hassan
- Department of Neurology, Mogadishu-Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Said Abdi Mohamed
- Department of Neurology, Mogadishu-Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
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Campese N, Göbel G, Wanschitz J, Schlager A, Caliò B, Leys F, Bower P, Kellerman L, Zamarian L, Bannister K, Chaudhuri KR, Schrag A, Freeman R, Kaufmann H, Granata R, Kiechl S, Poewe W, Seppi K, Wenning G, Fanciulli A. Pain in Multiple System Atrophy: A Community-Based Survey. Mov Disord 2024; 39:1784-1798. [PMID: 39101334 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is a frequent yet poorly characterized symptom of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Understanding the factors influencing pain and its burden is crucial for improving the symptomatic treatment and quality of life of MSA individuals. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at assessing the prevalence, characteristics, and current treatment strategies for pain in MSA. METHODS A community-based, online survey was conducted from February to May 2023. Invitations were extended to MSA individuals and informal MSA caregivers through patient advocacies and social media. RESULTS We included 190 persons with MSA and 114 caregivers. Eighty-seven percent of MSA individuals reported pain, which was more prevalent among women (odds ratio [OR]: 6.38 [95% confidence interval, CI: 1.27-32.08], P = 0.025) and low-income groups (OR: 5.02 [95% CI: 1.32-19.08], P = 0.018). Neck and shoulders (58%), back (45%), and legs (45%) were mostly affected. In the neck and shoulders, pain was associated with MSA core features, like orthostatic intolerance (OR: 4.80 [95% CI: 1.92-12.02], P = 0.001) and antecollis (OR: 3.24 [95% CI: 1.54-6.82], P = 0.002). Seventy-six percent of individuals experiencing pain received treatment, mostly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (47%), acetaminophen (39%), and opioids (28%). Only 53% of respondents reported at least partial satisfaction with their current pain management. Pain mostly impacted work, household activities, and hobbies of MSA individuals, and caregivers' social activities. CONCLUSIONS Pain is more prevalent than previously reported in MSA and particularly affects women and low-income groups. Despite its frequency, pain management remains suboptimal, highlighting an urgent therapeutic need, likely entailing an optimized management of MSA core motor and non-motor features. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Campese
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Göbel
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Wanschitz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Schlager
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bianca Caliò
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabian Leys
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pam Bower
- Mission MSA (formerly The Multiple System Atrophy Coalition) Inc, McLean, Virginia, USA
| | - Larry Kellerman
- Mission MSA (formerly The Multiple System Atrophy Coalition) Inc, McLean, Virginia, USA
| | - Laura Zamarian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kirsty Bannister
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kallol Ray Chaudhuri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anette Schrag
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roy Freeman
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Horacio Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Dysautonomia Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roberta Granata
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Poewe
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gregor Wenning
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Yamaguchi H, Nishimura Y, Matsuse D, Sekiya H, Masaki K, Tanaka T, Saiga T, Harada M, Kira YI, Dickson DW, Fujishima K, Matsuo E, Tanaka KF, Yamasaki R, Isobe N, Kira JI. A rapidly progressive multiple system atrophy-cerebellar variant model presenting marked glial reactions with inflammation and spreading of α-synuclein oligomers and phosphorylated α-synuclein aggregates. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 121:122-141. [PMID: 38986725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a severe α-synucleinopathy facilitated by glial reactions; the cerebellar variant (MSA-C) preferentially involves olivopontocerebellar fibres with conspicuous demyelination. A lack of aggressive models that preferentially involve olivopontocerebellar tracts in adulthood has hindered our understanding of the mechanisms of demyelination and neuroaxonal loss, and thus the development of effective treatments for MSA. We therefore aimed to develop a rapidly progressive mouse model that recaptures MSA-C pathology. We crossed Plp1-tTA and tetO-SNCA*A53T mice to generate Plp1-tTA::tetO-SNCA*A53T bi-transgenic mice, in which human A53T α-synuclein-a mutant protein with enhanced aggregability-was specifically produced in the oligodendrocytes of adult mice using Tet-Off regulation. These bi-transgenic mice expressed mutant α-synuclein from 8 weeks of age, when doxycycline was removed from the diet. All bi-transgenic mice presented rapidly progressive motor deterioration, with wide-based ataxic gait around 22 weeks of age and death around 30 weeks of age. They also had prominent demyelination in the brainstem/cerebellum. Double immunostaining demonstrated that myelin basic protein was markedly decreased in areas in which SM132, an axonal marker, was relatively preserved. Demyelinating lesions exhibited marked ionised calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1-, arginase-1-, and toll-like receptor 2-positive microglial reactivity and glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytic reactivity. Microarray analysis revealed a strong inflammatory response and cytokine/chemokine production in bi-transgenic mice. Neuronal nuclei-positive neuronal loss and patchy microtubule-associated protein 2-positive dendritic loss became prominent at 30 weeks of age. However, a perceived decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta in bi-transgenic mice compared with wild-type mice was not significant, even at 30 weeks of age. Wild-type, Plp1-tTA, and tetO-SNCA*A53T mice developed neither motor deficits nor demyelination. In bi-transgenic mice, double immunostaining revealed human α-synuclein accumulation in neurite outgrowth inhibitor A (Nogo-A)-positive oligodendrocytes beginning at 9 weeks of age; its expression was further increased at 10 to 12 weeks, and these increased levels were maintained at 12, 24, and 30 weeks. In an α-synuclein-proximity ligation assay, α-synuclein oligomers first appeared in brainstem oligodendrocytes as early as 9 weeks of age; they then spread to astrocytes, neuropil, and neurons at 12 and 16 weeks of age. α-Synuclein oligomers in the brainstem neuropil were most abundant at 16 weeks of age and decreased thereafter; however, those in Purkinje cells successively increased until 30 weeks of age. Double immunostaining revealed the presence of phosphorylated α-synuclein in Nogo-A-positive oligodendrocytes in the brainstem/cerebellum as early as 9 weeks of age. In quantitative assessments, phosphorylated α-synuclein gradually and successively accumulated at 12, 24, and 30 weeks in bi-transgenic mice. By contrast, no phosphorylated α-synuclein was detected in wild-type, tetO-SNCA*A53T, or Plp1-tTA mice at any age examined. Pronounced demyelination and tubulin polymerisation, promoting protein-positive oligodendrocytic loss, was closely associated with phosphorylated α-synuclein aggregates at 24 and 30 weeks of age. Early inhibition of mutant α-synuclein expression by doxycycline diet at 23 weeks led to fully recovered demyelination; inhibition at 27 weeks led to persistent demyelination with glial reactions, despite resolving phosphorylated α-synuclein aggregates. In conclusion, our bi-transgenic mice exhibited progressively increasing demyelination and neuroaxonal loss in the brainstem/cerebellum, with rapidly progressive motor deterioration in adulthood. These mice showed marked microglial and astrocytic reactions with inflammation that was closely associated with phosphorylated α-synuclein aggregates. These features closely mimic human MSA-C pathology. Notably, our model is the first to suggest that α-synuclein oligomers may spread from oligodendrocytes to neurons in transgenic mice with human α-synuclein expression in oligodendrocytes. This model of MSA is therefore particularly useful for elucidating the in vivo mechanisms of α-synuclein spreading from glia to neurons, and for developing therapies that target glial reactions and/or α-synuclein oligomer spreading and aggregate formation in MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Reiwa Health Sciences University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yuji Nishimura
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Dai Matsuse
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Sekiya
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
| | - Katsuhisa Masaki
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Tatsunori Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
| | - Toru Saiga
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Masaya Harada
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yuu-Ichi Kira
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | | | - Kei Fujishima
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Eriko Matsuo
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ryo Yamasaki
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Noriko Isobe
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Jun-Ichi Kira
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Translational Neuroscience Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, and School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Neurology, Brain and Nerve Center, Fukuoka Central Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Smolka M, Paulin LF, Grochowski CM, Horner DW, Mahmoud M, Behera S, Kalef-Ezra E, Gandhi M, Hong K, Pehlivan D, Scholz SW, Carvalho CMB, Proukakis C, Sedlazeck FJ. Detection of mosaic and population-level structural variants with Sniffles2. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:1571-1580. [PMID: 38168980 PMCID: PMC11217151 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-02024-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Calling structural variations (SVs) is technically challenging, but using long reads remains the most accurate way to identify complex genomic alterations. Here we present Sniffles2, which improves over current methods by implementing a repeat aware clustering coupled with a fast consensus sequence and coverage-adaptive filtering. Sniffles2 is 11.8 times faster and 29% more accurate than state-of-the-art SV callers across different coverages (5-50×), sequencing technologies (ONT and HiFi) and SV types. Furthermore, Sniffles2 solves the problem of family-level to population-level SV calling to produce fully genotyped VCF files. Across 11 probands, we accurately identified causative SVs around MECP2, including highly complex alleles with three overlapping SVs. Sniffles2 also enables the detection of mosaic SVs in bulk long-read data. As a result, we identified multiple mosaic SVs in brain tissue from a patient with multiple system atrophy. The identified SV showed a remarkable diversity within the cingulate cortex, impacting both genes involved in neuron function and repetitive elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Smolka
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luis F Paulin
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Dominic W Horner
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Royal Free Campus, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Medhat Mahmoud
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sairam Behera
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ester Kalef-Ezra
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Royal Free Campus, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Mira Gandhi
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute (PNRI), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karl Hong
- Bionano Genomics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claudia M B Carvalho
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute (PNRI), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christos Proukakis
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Royal Free Campus, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Fritz J Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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Chen X, Feng L, Li J, Jiang H. Multiple system atrophy mimics CASPR2 antibody-associated disease: a case report. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2024; 14:69-74. [PMID: 39319563 PMCID: PMC11457613 DOI: 10.1080/17582024.2024.2388506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and CASPR2 antibody-associated disease bear their own characteristics.Case presentation: A 58-year-old woman presented with a 26 months history of uncoordinated gait and slurred speech. Her serum was positive for anti-CASPR2 antibodies, and MRI revealed atrophy of the brainstem and cerebellum. She underwent three plasma exchanges (PE) and received high doses of corticosteroids without any apparent effect. Her autonomic dysfunction improved after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Eventually, a diagnosis of MSA-cerebellar phenotype(MSA-C) was made.Conclusion: With increased availability of tools for neuron antibody detection, physicians need to be aware of the possibility that antibodies may accompany other diseases. This report underscores the modern dilemmas caused by available and extensive neuron antibody testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Chen
- Department Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710008, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
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Akbari-Gharalari N, Ghahremani-Nasab M, Naderi R, Chodari L, Nezhadshahmohammad F. The potential of exosomal biomarkers: Revolutionizing Parkinson's disease: How do they influence pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies? AIMS Neurosci 2024; 11:374-397. [PMID: 39431275 PMCID: PMC11486621 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2024023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the pathological accumulation of α-synuclein, which has driven extensive research into the role of exosomes in disease mechanisms. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles enriched with proteins, RNA, and lipids that facilitate critical intercellular communication processes. Recent studies have elucidated the role of exosomes in transmitting misfolded proteins among neurons, which significantly impacts the progression of PD. The presence of disease-associated exosomes in cerebrospinal fluid and blood highlights their substantial diagnostic potential for PD. Specifically, exosomes derived from the central nervous system (CNS) have emerged as promising biomarkers because of their ability to accurately reflect pathological states. Furthermore, the isolation of exosomes from distinct brain cell types allows the identification of precise biomarkers, increasing diagnostic specificity and accuracy. In addition to being useful for diagnostics, exosomes hold therapeutic promise given their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and selectively modulate their cargo. These findings suggest that these materials could be used as delivery systems for therapeutic drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This review comprehensively examines the multifaceted roles of exosomes in PD pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. It also addresses the associated clinical challenges and underscores the urgent need for further research and development to fully leverage exosome-based strategies in PD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeimeh Akbari-Gharalari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghahremani-Nasab
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Naderi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Yamamoto T, Sakakibara R, Uchiyama T, Kuwabara S. The examination of detrusor underactivity in multiple system atrophy. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1460379. [PMID: 39355089 PMCID: PMC11442385 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1460379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims The urinary dysfunction in multiple system atrophy (MSA) is characterized by large post-void residuals (PVR) due to impaired bladder contractility. However, the evaluations of bladder contractility are not well validated in MSA. Because the bladder contractility index can be generally represented as Pdet Qmax (detrusor pressure at maximum urinary flow rate) + kQmax (maximum urinary flow rate), we aim to examine which "k" value is suitable for representing bladder contractility concerning its correlations to PVR and voided percentage (VOID%). Methods We retrospectively reviewed 133 patients with MSA (74 males, 59 females, mean disease duration 3.2 years) who underwent an urodynamic study. We calculated bladder contractility using the formula PIPk = Pdet Qmax + kQmax by increasing the "k" value from 0.1 to 10 by increments of 0.1. We calculated the correlations between each PIPk (k = 0.1-10.0) and PVR and VOID%. Results The correlational coefficients between PIPk and VOID% were larger than those between PIPk and PVR. The correlational coefficients between PIPk and VOID% reached a plateau level at a "k" value >5.0 in male patients, suggesting that currently used formulas such as Pdet Qmax + 5Qmax for males might be appropriate for male MSA patients. However, the correlational coefficients between PIPk and VOID% reached a plateau level in female patients when the "k" values were >6.0, which might overestimate bladder contractility in female patients. Conclusion Although currently used formulas such as Pdet Qmax + 5Qmax might be appropriate for male MSA patients, formulas for female patients need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Tomoyuki Uchiyama
- Department of Neurology, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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8
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Chen X, Chen S, Lai X, Fu J, Yang J, Ou R, Zhang L, Wei Q, Guo X, Shang H. Diagnostic value and correlation analysis of serum cytokine levels in patients with multiple system atrophy. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1459884. [PMID: 39295596 PMCID: PMC11409425 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1459884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The association between cytokines in peripheral blood and clinical symptoms of multiple system atrophy (MSA) has been explored in only a few studies with small sample size, and the results were obviously controversial. Otherwise, no studies have explored the diagnostic value of serum cytokines in MSA. Methods Serum cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), were measured in 125 MSA patients and 98 healthy controls (HCs). Correlations of these serum cytokines with clinical variables were analyzed in MSA patients. Diagnostic value of cytokines for MSA was plotted by receiver operating curves. Results No significant differences were found in sex and age between the MSA group and the HCs. TNF-α in MSA patients were significantly higher than those in HCs (area under the curve (AUC) 0.768), while IL-6 and IL-8 were not. Only Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) has a positive correlation between with TNF-α in MSA patients with age and age at onset as covariates. Serum IL-6 was associated with HAMA, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Unified MSA Rating Scale I (UMSARS I) scores, the UMSARS IV and the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living scores. However, IL-8 was not associated with all clinical variables in MSA patients. Regression analysis showed that HAMA and age at onset were significantly associated with TNF-α, and only HAMA was mild related with IL-6 levels in MSA patients. Conclusion Serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels in MSA patients may be associated with anxiety symptom; however, only TNF-α was shown to be a useful tool in distinguishing between MSA and HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sihui Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Lai
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajia Fu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Di Rienzo M, Romagnoli A, Refolo G, Vescovo T, Ciccosanti F, Zuchegna C, Lozzi F, Occhigrossi L, Piacentini M, Fimia GM. Role of AMBRA1 in mitophagy regulation: emerging evidence in aging-related diseases. Autophagy 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39113560 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2389474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a gradual and irreversible physiological process that significantly increases the risks of developing a variety of pathologies, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, and immune system diseases. Mitochondria are the energy-producing organelles, and their proper functioning is crucial for overall cellular health. Over time, mitochondrial function declines causing an increased release of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA, which leads to oxidative stress, inflammation and cellular damage, common features associated with various age-related pathologies. The impairment of mitophagy, the selective removal of damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria by autophagy, is relevant to the development and progression of age-related diseases. The molecular mechanisms that regulates mitophagy levels in aging remain largely uncharacterized. AMBRA1 is an intrinsically disordered scaffold protein with a unique property of regulating the activity of both proliferation and autophagy core machineries. While the role of AMBRA1 during embryonic development and neoplastic transformation has been extensively investigated, its functions in post-mitotic cells of adult tissues have been limited due to the embryonic lethality caused by AMBRA1 deficiency. Recently, a key role of AMBRA1 in selectively regulating mitophagy in post-mitotic cells has emerged. Here we summarize and discuss these results with the aim of providing a comprehensive view of the mitochondrial roles of AMBRA1, and how defective activity of AMBRA1 has been functionally linked to mitophagy alterations observed in age-related degenerative disorders, including muscular dystrophy/sarcopenia, Parkinson diseases, Alzheimer diseases and age-related macular degeneration.Abbreviations: AD: Alzheimer disease; AMD: age-related macular degeneration; AMBRA1: autophagy and beclin 1 regulator 1; APOE4: apolipoprotein E4; ATAD3A: ATPase family AAA domain containing 3A; ATG: autophagy related; BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; BH3: BCL2-homology-3; BNIP3L/NIX: BCL2 interacting protein 3 like; CDK: cyclin dependent kinase; CHUK/IKKα: component of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase complex; CRL2: CUL2-RING ubiquitin ligase; DDB1: damage specific DNA binding protein 1; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FOXO: forkhead box O; FUNDC1: FUN14 domain containing 1; GBA/β-glucocerebrosidase: glucosylceramidase beta; HUWE1: HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1; IDR: intrinsically disordered region; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAVS: mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein; MCL1: MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member; MFN2: mitofusin 2; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MSA: multiple system atrophy; MYC: MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor; NUMA1: nuclear mitotic apparatus protein 1; OMM; mitochondria outer membrane; PD: Parkinson disease; PHB2: prohibitin 2; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PIK3C3/VPS34: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PTK2/FAK: protein tyrosine kinase 2; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RPE: retinal pigment epithelium; SAD: sporadic AD; SOCS3: suppressor of cytokine signaling 3; SRC, SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase; STAT3: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; STING1: stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TBK1: TANK binding kinase 1; TGFB/TGFβ: transforming growth factor beta; TOMM: translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane; TRAF6: TNF receptor associated factor 6; TRIM32: tripartite motif containing 32; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Di Rienzo
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Romagnoli
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Refolo
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Vescovo
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Ciccosanti
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - Candida Zuchegna
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Lozzi
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Occhigrossi
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'L. Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
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10
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Raghavan S, Lesnick TG, Castillo AM, Reid RI, Fought AJ, Thostenson KB, Johnson Sparrman KL, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Sletten DM, Low PA, Singer W, Vemuri P. White Matter Abnormalities Track Disease Progression in Multiple System Atrophy. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:1085-1094. [PMID: 38923361 PMCID: PMC11452797 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.14147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter (WM) abnormalities have been implicated in clinically relevant functional decline in multiple system atrophy (MSA). OBJECTIVE To identify the WM and gray matter (GM) abnormalities in MSA and assess the utility of longitudinal structural and diffusion changes as surrogate markers for tracking disease progression in MSA. METHODS Twenty-seven participants with early MSA [15 with clinically predominant cerebellar (MSA-C) and 12 with clinically predominant parkinsonian features (MSA-P)] and 14 controls were enrolled as a part of our prospective, longitudinal study of synucleinopathies. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion MRI (diffusion tensor and neurite orientation and dispersion density imaging), we analyzed whole and regional brain changes in these participants. We also evaluated temporal imaging trajectories based on up to three annual follow-up scans and assessed the impact of baseline diagnosis on these imaging biomarkers using mixed-effect models. RESULTS MSA patients exhibited more widespread WM changes than GM, particularly in the cerebellum and brainstem, with greater severity in MSA-C. Structural and diffusion measures in the cerebellum WM and brainstem deteriorated with disease progression. Rates of progression of these abnormalities were similar in both MSA subtypes, reflecting increasing overlap of clinical features over time. CONCLUSION WM abnormalities are core features of MSA disease progression and advance at similar rates in clinical MSA subtypes. Multimodal MRI imaging reveals novel insights into the distribution and pattern of brain abnormalities and their progression in MSA. Selected structural and diffusion measures may be useful for tracking disease progression in MSA clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna M. Castillo
- Department of Quantitative Health SciencesMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Robert I. Reid
- Department of Information TechnologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Angela J. Fought
- Department of Quantitative Health SciencesMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
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11
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Raheel K, See QR, Munday V, Fakhroo B, Ivanenko O, Salvatelli ML, Mutti C, Goadsby PJ, Delogu A, Naismith SL, Holland P, Parrino L, Chaudhuri KR, Rosenzweig I. Orexin and Sleep Disturbances in Alpha-Synucleinopathies: a Systematic Review. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2024; 24:389-412. [PMID: 39031323 PMCID: PMC11349833 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-024-01359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sleep disturbances are amongst most frequent non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's Disease (PD), and they are similarly frequently reported in other alpha-syncleinopathies, such as Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA). More recently, the orexin system has been implicated in control of arousal based on salient environmental set points, and its dysregulation in sleep issues in alpha-synucleinopathies suggested by the findings from the translational animal models. However, its role in the patients with alpha-synucleinopathies remains unclear. We thus set to systematically review, and to critically assess, contemporary evidence on the association of the orexinergic system and sleep disturbances in alpha-synucleinopathies. In this systematic review, studies investigating orexin and sleep in alpha-synucleinopathies (Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Behaviour Disorder (RBD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)) were identified using electronic database searches of PubMed, Web of Science and PsychINFO using MeSH terms, keywords, and title words such as "Alpha-synucleinopathies" AND "Orexin" AND "Sleep Disturbances". RECENT FINDINGS 17 studies were included in this systemic review, of which 2 studies on RBD, 10 on PD, 4 on DLB, and 1 on MSA patients. Taken together, RBD and PD studies suggest a potential adaptive increase in orexin levels in early stages of the neurodegenerative process, with reduced levels more often reported for later, more advanced stages of illness. To date, no differences in orexin levels were demonstrated between MSA patients and healthy controls. There is a dearth of studies on the role of orexin levels in alpha-synucleinopathies. Moreover, significant methodologic limitations in the current body of work, including use of non-standardised research protocols and lack of prospective, multi-centre studies, disallow for any finite conclusion in regards to underlying pathomechanisms. Nonetheless, a picture of a complex, multifaceted relationship between the dysregulation of the orexinergic pathway and sleep disturbances in alpha-synucleinopathies is emerging. Hence, future studies disentangling orexinergic pathomechanisms of alpha-syncleinopathies are urgently needed to obtain a more comprehensive account of the role of orexinergic pathway in alpha-synucleinopathies. Pharmacological manipulations of orexins may have multiple therapeutic applications in treatment strategies, disease diagnosis, and might be effective for treating both motor and non-motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kausar Raheel
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Qi Rui See
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Veronica Munday
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Basma Fakhroo
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Olga Ivanenko
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Marcello Luigi Salvatelli
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlotta Mutti
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - Peter J Goadsby
- NIHR-Wellcome Trust King's Clinical Research Facility, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Alessio Delogu
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, IoPPN, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Sharon L Naismith
- Healthy Brain Ageing Program, School of Psychology; Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, & Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
| | - Phil Holland
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, IoPPN, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Liborio Parrino
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of General and Specialized Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Neurology Unit, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - K Ray Chaudhuri
- Movement Disorders Unit, King's College Hospital and Department of Clinical and Basic Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience and Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ivana Rosenzweig
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
- Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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12
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Jensen I, Heine J, Ruf VC, Compta Y, Porcel LM, Troakes C, Vamanu A, Downes S, Irwin D, Cohen J, Lee EB, Nilsson C, Englund E, Nemati M, Katzdobler S, Levin J, Pantelyat A, Seemiller J, Berger S, van Swieten J, Dopper E, Rozenmuller A, Kovacs GG, Bendahan N, Lang AE, Herms J, Höglinger G, Hopfner F. Impact of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Markers on the Diagnostic Performance of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Multiple System Atrophy Criteria. Mov Disord 2024; 39:1514-1522. [PMID: 38847384 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple system atrophy is a neurodegenerative disease with α-synuclein aggregation in glial cytoplasmic inclusions, leading to dysautonomia, parkinsonism, and cerebellar ataxia. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to validate the accuracy of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Multiple System Atrophy clinical diagnostic criteria, particularly considering the impact of the newly introduced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers. METHODS Diagnostic accuracy of the clinical diagnostic criteria for multiple system atrophy was estimated retrospectively in autopsy-confirmed patients with multiple system atrophy, Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration. RESULTS We identified a total of 240 patients. Sensitivity of the clinically probable criteria was moderate at symptom onset but improved with disease duration (year 1: 9%, year 3: 39%, final ante mortem record: 77%), whereas their specificity remained consistently high (99%-100% throughout). Sensitivity of the clinically established criteria was low during the first 3 years (1%-9%), with mild improvement at the final ante mortem record (22%), whereas specificity remained high (99%-100% throughout). When MRI features were excluded from the clinically established criteria, their sensitivity increased considerably (year 1: 3%, year 3: 22%, final ante mortem record: 48%), and their specificity was not compromised (99%-100% throughout). CONCLUSIONS The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society multiple system atrophy diagnostic criteria showed consistently high specificity and low to moderate sensitivity throughout the disease course. The MRI markers for the clinically established criteria reduced their sensitivity without improving specificity. Combining clinically probable and clinically established criteria, but disregarding MRI features, yielded the best sensitivity with excellent specificity and may be most appropriate to select patients for therapeutic trials. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Jensen
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johanne Heine
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Viktoria C Ruf
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Claire Troakes
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Albert Vamanu
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia Downes
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Irwin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jesse Cohen
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christer Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Englund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Pathology instead of Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mojtaba Nemati
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Katzdobler
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, Munich, Germany
| | - Alex Pantelyat
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph Seemiller
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen Berger
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John van Swieten
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elise Dopper
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Rozenmuller
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Laboratory Medicine Program and Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathaniel Bendahan
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre, Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Rossy Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Centre, Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jochen Herms
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, Munich, Germany
| | - Günter Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Hopfner
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
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13
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Xie C, He P, Gan R, Chen J, He X, Yang R, Wang L, Nie K, Wang L. Differential diagnosis value of sympathetic skin response and cutaneous silent period on early-stage multiple system atrophy and Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 126:107046. [PMID: 39002210 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.107046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early differentiation between Parkinson's disease (PD) and Multiple system atrophy (MSA), particularly the parkinsonian subtypes (MSA-P), is challenging due to similar clinical symptoms. We aimed to evaluate Sympathetic skin response (SSR) and Cutaneous silent period (CSP) parameters in patients with MSA-P and PD to identify possible biomarkers that could distinguish the two groups of patients in early stage. METHODS 22 individuals with early-stage MSA-P, 29 with early-stage PD, and 28 healthy controls were recruited from Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital. Demographic data was collected for all participants. Their SSR and CSP were evaluated using clinical electromyography equipment. Data were compared between different groups. The diagnostic accuracy of SSR and CSP parameters was calculated using the ROC curve. Logistic regression was used to produce an integration model to enhance diagnostic utility. RESULTS Foot amplitude, CSP end latency and duration distinguished MSA-P from PD with the area under the curve (AUC) 0.770, 0.806, and 0.776, respectively. Foot and hand SSR amplitude distinguished PD from HC with the AUC 0.871 and 0.768, respectively. Foot SSR amplitude, hand SSR amplitude, and CSP end latency distinguished MSA-P from HC with the AUC 0.964, 0.872, and 0.812, respectively. The combination of SSR and CSP parameters differentiation between MSA-P and PD, PD and HC with the AUC 0.829 and 0.879, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of SSR and CSP parameters showed excellent diagnostic accuracy in discriminating patients with early-stage MSA-P from HC and good diagnostic accuracy in discriminating patients with MSA-P from PD with early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunge Xie
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peikun He
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Gan
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieling Chen
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuetao He
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Nie
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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Ueha R, Koyama M, Seto A, Sato T, Goto T, Orimo K, Mitsui J, Yamasoba T. Esophageal Dysmotility in Multiple System Atrophy: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5026. [PMID: 39274241 PMCID: PMC11396424 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is often associated with dysphagia and esophageal dysmotility (ED). However, ED in patients with MSA is poorly understood. To assess the relationship between ED, dysphagia, and other clinical findings in such patients and investigate the details of ED in MSA using high-resolution manometry (HRM). Methods: Patients from The University of Tokyo Hospital with MSA who underwent swallowing examinations, esophagography, and HRM between 2017 and 2022 were enrolled. A retrospective chart review of patients' backgrounds, swallowing function, and esophageal motility was performed. ED was evaluated using the Chicago Classification version 4.0. Results: Seventy-four patients with MSA were identified. The median age was 64 years, 48 patients (65%) were male, and the cerebellar variant type was predominant (69%). Abnormal upper esophageal sphincter (UES) resting pressure was observed in 34 patients (46%) and intraesophageal stasis in 65 (88%). High-severity MSA was a risk factor for developing dysphagia, vocal fold movement impairment, and abnormal UES function (p < 0.05). However, no overt clinical risk factors for ED were identified. Various types of ED were detected using HRM, and ineffective esophageal motility was the most frequent disorder. Conclusions: ED is a common occurrence in patients with MSA. Although a high-severity MSA may be a risk factor for developing dysphagia and vocal fold motion impairment, ED can occur regardless of clinical severity. Since ED is rarely detected based on subjective symptoms, careful evaluation of esophageal motility by esophagography or HRM is warranted in patients with MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Ueha
- Swallowing Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Misaki Koyama
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Akiko Seto
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Taku Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takao Goto
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kenta Orimo
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Jun Mitsui
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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15
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Koutsokostas C, Merkouris E, Goulas A, Aidinopoulou K, Sini N, Dimaras T, Tsiptsios D, Mueller C, Nystazaki M, Tsamakis K. Gut Microbes Associated with Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1735. [PMID: 39203576 PMCID: PMC11357424 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows that neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders are influenced by alterations in the gut microbiome. Various diseases have been linked to microbiome dysbiosis, yet there are inconclusive data regarding which microorganisms are associated with each disorder. The aim of our study is to systematically review the recent literature of the past decade to clarify whether the gut microbiome contributes to the understanding of pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Most included studies showed a strong correlation between the relative abundance of certain microorganisms, mainly species of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is speculated that the microorganisms and their byproducts have a significant role in brain protein accumulation, neuro-inflammation, and gut permeability. The estimation of microbial populations could potentially improve clinical outcomes and hinder the progression of the disease. However, further research is needed to include more diseases and larger patient samples and identify specific species and subspecies associated with these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Koutsokostas
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Ermis Merkouris
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Apostolos Goulas
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Konstantina Aidinopoulou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Niki Sini
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Theofanis Dimaras
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | | | - Christoph Mueller
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AB, UK;
- Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Maria Nystazaki
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, University General Hospital ‘Attikon’, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AB, UK;
- Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
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16
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Li XY, Lai H, Li X, Xu F, Song Y, Wang Z, Li Q, Lin R, Xu Z, Wang C. Genetic profiles of multiple system atrophy revealed by exome sequencing, long-read sequencing and spinocerebellar ataxia repeat expansion analysis. Eur J Neurol 2024:e16441. [PMID: 39152783 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive, adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by combinations of autonomic failure, parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal signs. Although a few genetic factors have been reported to contribute to the disease, its mutational profiles have not been systemically studied. METHODS To address the genetic profiles of clinically diagnosed MSA patients, exome sequencing and triplet repeat detection was conducted in 205 MSA patients, including one familial case. The pathogenicity of variants was determined according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology guidelines. RESULTS In the familial patient, a novel heterozygous COQ2 pathogenic variant (p.Ala351Thr) was identified in the MSA pedigree. In the sporadic patients, 29 pathogenic variants were revealed in 21 genes, and the PARK7 p.Ala104Thr variant was significantly associated with MSA (p = 0.0018). Moreover, burden tests demonstrated that the pathogenic variants were enriched in cerebellar ataxia-related genes in patients. Furthermore, repeat expansion analyses revealed that two patients carried the pathogenic CAG repeat expansion in the CACNA1A gene (SCA6), one patient carried the (ACAGG)exp/(ACAGG)exp expansion in RFC1 and one carried the GAA-pure expansion in FGF14 gene. CONCLUSION In conclusion, a novel COQ2 pathogenic variant was identified in a familial MSA patient, and repeat expansions in CACNA1A, RFC1 and FGF14 gene were detected in four sporadic patients. Moreover, a PARK7 variant and the burden of pathogenic variants in cerebellar ataxia-related genes were associated with MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ying Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Lai
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fanxi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qibin Li
- Shenzhen Clabee Biotechnology Incorporation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruichai Lin
- Shenzhen Clabee Biotechnology Incorporation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaodong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
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17
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Stankovic I, Kuijpers M, Kaufmann H. An update on multiple system atrophy. Curr Opin Neurol 2024; 37:400-408. [PMID: 38828714 PMCID: PMC11219253 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rapidly progressive synucleinopathy characterized by autonomic failure, parkinsonism, and cerebellar ataxia. Here, we provide an update on α-synuclein's role in MSA pathophysiology and review the new Movement Disorders Society (MDS) diagnostic criteria and the utility of α-synuclein-based biomarkers. We also highlight ongoing efforts toward clinical trial readiness and review potential disease-modifying therapies undergoing clinical trials. RECENT FINDINGS A role of urinary tract infections in triggering α-synuclein aggregation and contribution of genes implicated in oligodendroglial development have been suggested in the MSA pathophysiology. The clinically probable MSA category of the new diagnostic criteria shows improved accuracy in early disease stages. Predictors of phenoconversion from pure autonomic failure to MSA are now better defined. Alpha-synuclein strains in CSF and serum, phosphorylated α-synuclein deposits in the skin, and brain α-synuclein pathology visualized using PET ligand [18F]ACI-12589 are emerging as valuable diagnostic tools. Clinical trials in MSA investigate drugs targeting α-synuclein aggregation or preventing α-synuclein expression, along with stem cell and gene therapies to halt disease progression. SUMMARY New MSA diagnostic criteria and α-synuclein-based biomarkers may enhance diagnostic accuracy while promising therapies are in development to address disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Stankovic
- Neurology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mechteld Kuijpers
- Dysautonomia Center, Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Horacio Kaufmann
- Dysautonomia Center, Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Jellinger KA. The Pathobiology of Behavioral Changes in Multiple System Atrophy: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7464. [PMID: 39000570 PMCID: PMC11242406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
While cognitive impairment, which was previously considered a red flag against the clinical diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA), is a common symptom of this rare neurodegenerative disorder, behavioral disorders are reported in 30 to 70% of MSA patients. They include anxiety, apathy, impaired attention, compulsive and REM sleep behavior disorders (RBD), and these conditions, like depression, are early and pervasive features in MSA, which may contribute to disease progression. Despite changing concepts of behavioral changes in this synucleinopathy, the underlying pathophysiological and biochemical mechanisms are poorly understood. While specific neuropathological data are unavailable, neuroimaging studies related anxiety disorders to changes in the cortico-limbic system, apathy (and depression) to dysfunction of prefrontal-subcortical circuits, and compulsive behaviors to impairment of basal ganglia networks and involvement of orbito-frontal circuits. Anxiety has also been related to α-synuclein (αSyn) pathology in the amygdala, RBD to striatal monoaminergic deficit, and compulsive behavior in response to dopamine agonist therapy in MSA, while the basic mechanisms of the other behavioral disorders and their relations to other non-motor dysfunctions in MSA are unknown. In view of the scarcity of functional and biochemical findings in MSA with behavioral symptoms, further neuroimaging and biochemical studies are warranted in order to obtain better insight into their pathogenesis as a basis for the development of diagnostic biomarkers and future adequate treatment modalities of these debilitating comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Jellinger
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Alberichgasse 5/13, 1150 Vienna, Austria
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19
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Chia R, Ray A, Shah Z, Ding J, Ruffo P, Fujita M, Menon V, Saez-Atienzar S, Reho P, Kaivola K, Walton RL, Reynolds RH, Karra R, Sait S, Akcimen F, Diez-Fairen M, Alvarez I, Fanciulli A, Stefanova N, Seppi K, Duerr S, Leys F, Krismer F, Sidoroff V, Zimprich A, Pirker W, Rascol O, Foubert-Samier A, Meissner WG, Tison F, Pavy-Le Traon A, Pellecchia MT, Barone P, Russillo MC, Marín-Lahoz J, Kulisevsky J, Torres S, Mir P, Periñán MT, Proukakis C, Chelban V, Wu L, Goh YY, Parkkinen L, Hu MT, Kobylecki C, Saxon JA, Rollinson S, Garland E, Biaggioni I, Litvan I, Rubio I, Alcalay RN, Kwei KT, Lubbe SJ, Mao Q, Flanagan ME, Castellani RJ, Khurana V, Ndayisaba A, Calvo A, Mora G, Canosa A, Floris G, Bohannan RC, Moore A, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Palma JA, Kaufmann H, Kim C, Iba M, Masliah E, Dawson TM, Rosenthal LS, Pantelyat A, Albert MS, Pletnikova O, Troncoso JC, Infante J, Lage C, Sánchez-Juan P, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Pastor P, Morris HR, Albani D, Clarimon J, Wenning GK, Hardy JA, Ryten M, Topol E, Torkamani A, Chiò A, Bennett DA, De Jager PL, Low PA, Singer W, Cheshire WP, Wszolek ZK, Dickson DW, Traynor BJ, Gibbs JR, Dalgard CL, Ross OA, Houlden H, Scholz SW. Genome sequence analyses identify novel risk loci for multiple system atrophy. Neuron 2024; 112:2142-2156.e5. [PMID: 38701790 PMCID: PMC11223971 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an adult-onset, sporadic synucleinopathy characterized by parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and dysautonomia. The genetic architecture of MSA is poorly understood, and treatments are limited to supportive measures. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of whole genome sequence data from 888 European-ancestry MSA cases and 7,128 controls to systematically investigate the genetic underpinnings of this understudied neurodegenerative disease. We identified four significantly associated risk loci using a genome-wide association study approach. Transcriptome-wide association analyses prioritized USP38-DT, KCTD7, and lnc-KCTD7-2 as novel susceptibility genes for MSA within these loci, and single-nucleus RNA sequence analysis found that the associated variants acted as cis-expression quantitative trait loci for multiple genes across neuronal and glial cell types. In conclusion, this study highlights the role of genetic determinants in the pathogenesis of MSA, and the publicly available data from this study represent a valuable resource for investigating synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Chia
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anindita Ray
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zalak Shah
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinhui Ding
- Computational Biology Group, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paola Ruffo
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA; Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Saez-Atienzar
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paolo Reho
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karri Kaivola
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald L Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Regina H Reynolds
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, London, UK; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ramita Karra
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shaimaa Sait
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fulya Akcimen
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Monica Diez-Fairen
- Memory and Movement Disorders Units, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Memory and Movement Disorders Units, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nadia Stefanova
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Duerr
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabian Leys
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Krismer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Victoria Sidoroff
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Walter Pirker
- Department of Neurology, Klinik Ottakring - Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivier Rascol
- MSA French Reference Center and CIC-1436, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Foubert-Samier
- Service de Neurologie des Maladies Neurodégénératives, French Reference Center for MSA, NS-Park/FCRIN Network, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Wassilios G Meissner
- Service de Neurologie des Maladies Neurodégénératives, French Reference Center for MSA, NS-Park/FCRIN Network, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medicine, University of Otago, and the New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - François Tison
- Service de Neurologie des Maladies Neurodégénératives, French Reference Center for MSA, NS-Park/FCRIN Network, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Pavy-Le Traon
- French Reference Center for MSA, Department of Neurosciences, Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Toulouse CIC1436, UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University Hospital of Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Teresa Pellecchia
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paolo Barone
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Claudia Russillo
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Juan Marín-Lahoz
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soraya Torres
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Medicina Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Periñán
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centre for Preventive Neurology, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Christos Proukakis
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Viorica Chelban
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Lesley Wu
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yee Y Goh
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Laura Parkkinen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michele T Hu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher Kobylecki
- Department of Neurology, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jennifer A Saxon
- Cerebral Function Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salfort, UK; Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sara Rollinson
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Emily Garland
- Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Italo Biaggioni
- Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ileana Rubio
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kimberly T Kwei
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Margaret E Flanagan
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rudolph J Castellani
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vikram Khurana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Disease, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alain Ndayisaba
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Disease, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Calvo
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriele Mora
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianluca Floris
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ryan C Bohannan
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Anni Moore
- Computational Biology Group, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jose-Alberto Palma
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Horacio Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Changyoun Kim
- Molecular Neuropathology Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michiyo Iba
- Molecular Neuropathology Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Molecular Neuropathology Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute of Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Science, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liana S Rosenthal
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Pantelyat
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jon Infante
- Neurology Service, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL-UC-CIBERNED, Santander, Spain
| | - Carmen Lage
- Neurology Service, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL-UC-CIBERNED, Santander, Spain
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Neurology Service, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL-UC-CIBERNED, Santander, Spain; Alzheimer's Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Geidy E Serrano
- Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA
| | - Pau Pastor
- Genomics and Transcriptomics of Synucleinopathies, Neurosciences, The Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Huw R Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Diego Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; The Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gregor K Wenning
- Autonomic Unit - Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - John A Hardy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute of UCL, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK; Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mina Ryten
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eric Topol
- Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ali Torkamani
- Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adriano Chiò
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, C.N.R., Rome, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip A Low
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bryan J Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; RNA Therapeutics Laboratory, Therapeutics Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - J Raphael Gibbs
- Computational Biology Group, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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20
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Corbin-Stein NJ, Childers GM, Webster JM, Zane A, Yang YT, Ali MA, Sandoval IM, Manfredsson FP, Kordower JH, Tyrrell DJ, Harms AS. Tissue resident memory CD8+ T cells are present but not critical for demyelination and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of multiple system atrophy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.02.597035. [PMID: 38895456 PMCID: PMC11185520 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.02.597035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is rare, fast progressing, and fatal synucleinopathy with alpha-synuclein (α-syn) inclusions located within oligodendroglia called glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCI). Along with GCI pathology there is severe demyelination, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. In post-mortem tissue, there is significant infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the brain parenchyma, however their role in disease progression is unknown. To determine the role of CD8+ T cells, a modified AAV, Olig001-SYN, was used to selectively overexpress α-syn in oligodendrocytes modeling MSA in mice. Four weeks post transduction, we observed significant CD8+ T cell infiltration into the striatum of Olig001-SYN transduced mice recapitulating the CD8+ T cell infiltration observed in post-mortem tissue. To understand the role of CD8+ T cells, a CD8 knockout mice were transduced with Olig001-SYN. Six months post transduction into a mouse lacking CD8+ T cells, demyelination and neurodegeneration were unchanged. Four weeks post transduction, neuroinflammation and demyelination were enhanced in CD8 knockout mice compared to wild type controls. Applying unbiased spectral flow cytometry, CD103+, CD69+, CD44+, CXCR6+, CD8+ T cells were identified when α-syn was present in oligodendrocytes, suggesting the presence of tissue resident memory CD8+ T (Trm) cells during MSA disease progression. This study indicates that CD8+ T cells are not critical in driving MSA pathology but are needed to modulate the neuroinflammation and demyelination response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J. Corbin-Stein
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Birmingham, AL
| | - Gabrielle M. Childers
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jhodi M. Webster
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Birmingham, AL
| | - Asta Zane
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Birmingham, AL
| | - Md Akkas Ali
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology and Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ivette M. Sandoval
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | - Jeffrey H. Kordower
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | - Daniel J. Tyrrell
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology and Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ashley S. Harms
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Birmingham, AL
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21
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Li Y, Yu C, Jiang X, Fu J, Sun N, Zhang D. The mechanistic view of non-coding RNAs as a regulator of inflammatory pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155349. [PMID: 38772115 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PD, with the NLRP3 inflammasome implicated as a key mediator. Nfon-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have recently garnered attention for their regulatory roles in various biological processes, including inflammation. This review aims to provide a mechanistic insight into how ncRNAs function as regulators of inflammatory pathways in PD, with a specific focus on the NLRP3 inflammasome. We discuss the dysregulation of miRNAs and lncRNAs in PD pathogenesis and their impact on neuroinflammation through modulation of NLRP3 activation, cytokine production, and microglial activation. Additionally, we explore the crosstalk between ncRNAs, alpha-synuclein pathology, and mitochondrial dysfunction, further elucidating the intricate network underlying PD-associated inflammation. Understanding the mechanistic roles of ncRNAs in regulating inflammatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of PD and provide insights into the broader implications of ncRNA-mediated regulation in neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu'an Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Chunlei Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Daquan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, China.
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22
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Shiina K, Tsunemi T, Hattori N. Cerebellar blood perfusion is a diagnostic, but not a prognostic, marker for parkinsonian-dominant type multiple system atrophy. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 123:106975. [PMID: 38677216 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is clinically characterized by various neurological symptoms. According to the diagnostic criteria, MSA is classified into parkinsonian-dominant type (MSA-P) or cerebellar ataxia-dominant type (MSA-C) based on the predominant signs displayed. Recently, N-isopropyl-p-[123I] iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), a radiological examination evaluating brain perfusion, has been successful in detecting cerebellar hypoperfusion in MSA-P patients, demonstrating its utility in the early detection of cerebellar dysfunction. In this study, we further explored whether this cerebellar hypoperfusion impacts the clinical features of MSA-P, whether it is observable in patients without cerebellar symptoms, and, most importantly, whether it influences the prognosis of MSA-P. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 88 MSA patients who were admitted to our department for the last fifteen years. Clinical data were collected, and cerebellar perfusion was examined using 123I-IMP SPECT. This analysis includes the application of the three-dimensional stereotactic surface projection (3D-SSP) technique and Z-score. RESULTS Cerebellar perfusion decreased in MSA-P patients without cerebellar ataxia, compared to healthy individuals (p = 0.0017). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated a moderate ability to distinguish MSA-P patients without cerebellar ataxia (MSA-Pp) from healthy controls (AUC = 0.6832). Among MSA-Pp, those exhibiting cerebellar hypoperfusion showed relatively improved neurological prognosis, although the difference was not statistically significant when compared to those with normal cerebellar perfusion. CONCLUSION Assessing cerebellar perfusion through IMP-SPECT proves valuable in detecting subclinical cerebellar dysfunction in MSA-Pp. Importantly, cerebellar hypoperfusion does not correlate with a poorer neurological prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Shiina
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Taiji Tsunemi
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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23
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Mozzanica F, Pizzorni N, Eplite A, Ginocchio D, Colombo A, Mora G, Ambrogi F, Warnecke T, Schindler A. Swallowing Characteristics in Patients with Multiple System Atrophy Analyzed Using FEES Examination. Dysphagia 2024; 39:387-397. [PMID: 37733099 PMCID: PMC11127813 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-023-10619-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) frequently experience dysphagia but only few studies analyzed its characteristics. The aim of this study was to describe the swallowing characteristics in these patients using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). In addition, the swallowing abilities in patients with predominantly cerebellar MSA (MSA-C) and predominantly parkinsonian MSA (MSA-P) were compared. Twenty-five patients with MSA (16 MSA-P and 9 MSA-C) were enrolled. Clinical data including age, sex, functional oral intake scale (FOIS) score, body mass index (BMI) and the results of the global disability-unified MSA rating scale (GD-UMSARS) were collected. Three different textures of food (liquid, semisolid, solid) were provided during FEES examination. The characteristics of dysphagia (safety, efficiency, phenotype) and laryngeal movement alterations were analyzed. Delayed pharyngeal phase (92%) and posterior oral incontinence (52%) were the phenotypes more frequently seen. Penetration was more frequent with Liquid (68%), while aspiration occurred only with Liquid (20%). Residues of ingested food were demonstrated both in the pyriform sinus and in the vallecula with all the consistencies. Vocal fold motion impairment was the laryngeal movement alteration most frequently encountered (56%). No significant differences between patients with MSA-P and MSA-C in the dysphagia characteristics and laryngeal movement alterations were found. Patients with MSA frequently experience swallowing impairment and altered laryngeal mobility. Dysphagia characteristics and laryngeal movements alterations seems to be similar in MSA-C and MSA-P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mozzanica
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- IRCCS Multimedica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Milan, Italy.
| | - Nicole Pizzorni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Eplite
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Ginocchio
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Colombo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Mora
- ALS Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Ambrogi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tobias Warnecke
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation at the Klinikum Osnabrück, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Antonio Schindler
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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24
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Beach P, McKay JL. Longitudinal prevalence of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in the idiopathic Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) cohort. Auton Neurosci 2024; 253:103173. [PMID: 38692034 PMCID: PMC11128342 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reported orthostatic hypotension (OH) prevalence in Parkinson's disease (PD) varies widely, with few studies evaluating specifically neurogenic-OH (nOH). The ratio of orthostatic heart rate (HR) to systolic blood pressure (SBP) change (Δ) is a valid screening method to stratify nOH/non-nOH but has had minimal epidemiologic application. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of nOH and non-nOH in the PPMI using the ΔHR/ΔSBP ratio and examine associations between nOH and various motor and non-motor measures. METHODS Longitudinal orthostatic vitals and motor and non-motor measures were extracted (baseline-month 48). Patients were consensus criteria classified as OH+/-, with ΔHR/ΔSBP sub-classification to nOH (ΔHR/ΔSBP < 0.5) or non-nOH (ratio ≥ 0.5). Prevalence was determined across visits. Independent linear mixed models tested associations between nOH/non-nOH and clinical variables. RESULTS Of N = 907 PD with baseline orthostatic vitals, 3.9 % and 1.8 % exhibited nOH and non-nOH, respectively. Prevalence of nOH/non-nOH increased yearly (P = 0.012, chi-square), though with modest magnitude (baseline: 5.6 % [95 % CI: 4.3-7.3 %]; month 48: 8.6 % [6.4-11.5 %]). nOH patients were older than PD with no OH and nOH was associated with greater impairment of motor and independent functioning than non-nOH/OH- groups. Cognitive function and typical OH symptoms were worse in PD + OH, generally. CONCLUSIONS nOH prevalence was greater than non-nOH in the PPMI early PD cohort, with modest prevalence increase over time. Our findings are consistent with prior studies of large cohorts that evaluated nOH, specifically. Those with early PD and nOH were likelier to be older and suffer from greater motor and functional impairment, but OH presence was generally associated with more cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Beach
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States of America.
| | - J Lucas McKay
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States of America; Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, United States of America
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25
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Breitegger C, Krismer F, Lorenzl S, Schrag A, Jahn B, Knoflach-Gabis A, Gabl C, Prajczer S, Fanciulli A, Schmidhuber M. Advance care planning in multiple system atrophy: ethical challenges and considerations. Clin Auton Res 2024; 34:321-326. [PMID: 38965149 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-024-01049-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Florian Krismer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Lorenzl
- Institute of Palliative Care, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anette Schrag
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Beate Jahn
- Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT TIROL-University for Health Sciences and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Andrea Knoflach-Gabis
- Tyrolean Regional Institute for Integrated Palliative and Hospice Care, Tiroler Hospizgemeinschaft, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Christoph Gabl
- Tyrolean Regional Institute for Integrated Palliative and Hospice Care, Tiroler Hospizgemeinschaft, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Sinikka Prajczer
- Tyrolean Regional Institute for Integrated Palliative and Hospice Care, Tiroler Hospizgemeinschaft, Hall in Tirol, Austria
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26
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Ishimoto T, Oono M, Kaji S, Ayaki T, Nishida K, Funakawa I, Maki T, Matsuzawa SI, Takahashi R, Yamakado H. A novel mouse model for investigating α-synuclein aggregates in oligodendrocytes: implications for the glial cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy. Mol Brain 2024; 17:28. [PMID: 38790036 PMCID: PMC11127389 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The aggregated alpha-synuclein (αsyn) in oligodendrocytes (OLGs) is one of the pathological hallmarks in multiple system atrophy (MSA). We have previously reported that αsyn accumulates not only in neurons but also in OLGs long after the administration of αsyn preformed fibrils (PFFs) in mice. However, detailed spatial and temporal analysis of oligodendroglial αsyn aggregates was technically difficult due to the background neuronal αsyn aggregates. The aim of this study is to create a novel mouse that easily enables sensitive and specific detection of αsyn aggregates in OLGs and the comparable analysis of the cellular tropism of αsyn aggregates in MSA brains. To this end, we generated transgenic (Tg) mice expressing human αsyn-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins in OLGs under the control of the 2', 3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) promoter (CNP-SNCAGFP Tg mice). Injection of αsyn PFFs in these mice induced distinct GFP-positive aggregates in the processes of OLGs as early as one month post-inoculation (mpi), and their number and size increased in a centripetal manner. Moreover, MSA-brain homogenates (BH) induced significantly more oligodendroglial αsyn aggregates than neuronal αsyn aggregates compared to DLB-BH in CNP-SNCAGFP Tg mice, suggestive of their potential tropism of αsyn seeds for OLGs. In conclusion, CNP-SNCAGFP Tg mice are useful for studying the development and tropism of αsyn aggregates in OLGs and could contribute to the development of therapeutics targeting αsyn aggregates in OLGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ishimoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Miki Oono
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Seiji Kaji
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Ayaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Katsuya Nishida
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Hyogo-Chuo National Hospital, 1314 Ohara, Sanda, 669-1592, Japan
| | - Itaru Funakawa
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Hyogo-Chuo National Hospital, 1314 Ohara, Sanda, 669-1592, Japan
| | - Takakuni Maki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Matsuzawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Hodaka Yamakado
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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27
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Yoshitake M, Sugiyama A, Shimohata T, Araki N, Suzuki M, Shibuya K, Nagashima K, Hattori N, Kuwabara S. Delivering the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy: a multicenter survey on Japanese neurologists' perspectives. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:160. [PMID: 38741055 PMCID: PMC11089725 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03666-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive, incurable, life-threatening neurodegenerative disease uniquely characterized by the risk of sudden death, which makes diagnosis delivery challenging for neurologists. Empirical studies on breaking a diagnosis of MSA are scarce, with no guidelines currently established. This study aimed to investigate neurologists' current practices and experiences in delivering the diagnosis of MSA. METHODS We conducted a multicenter online survey and employed a mixed-methods (quantitative and qualitative) study design in which responses to open-ended questions were analyzed qualitatively using critical incident technique. RESULTS Among the 194 neurologists surveyed, 166 opened the survey (response rate = 85.6%), of whom 144 respondents across various Japanese regions completed the survey. Accordingly, 92.3% and 82.8% of the participating neurologists perceived delivering the diagnosis of MSA and explaining the risk of sudden death as difficult, respectively. Factors independently associated with difficulties in diagnosis delivery included explaining the importance of the family decision making process in life-prolonging treatment, perceived difficulties in delivering information regarding the risk of sudden death, and perceived difficulties in differential diagnosis of MSA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that the majority of neurologists perceived delivering the diagnosis of MSA and explaining the risk of sudden death as difficult, which could have been associated with the difficulty of breaking the diagnosis of MSA. Difficulty in conveying bad news in MSA are caused by various factors, such as empathic burden on neurologists caused by the progressive and incurable nature of MSA, the need to explain complex and important details, including the importance of the family decision-making process in life-prolonging treatment, difficulty of MSA diagnosis, and communication barriers posed by mental status and cognitive impairment in patients or their family members. Neurologists consider various factors in explaining the risk of sudden death (e.g., patient's personality, mental state, and degree of acceptance and understanding) and adjust their manner of communication, such as limiting their communication on such matters or avoiding the use of the term "sudden death" in the early stages of the disease. Although neurologists endeavor to meet the basic standards of good practice, there is room for the multiple aspects for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Yoshitake
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Sugiyama
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
| | - Takayoshi Shimohata
- Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Araki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
- Department of Community-Oriented Medical Education, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Kazumoto Shibuya
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Kengo Nagashima
- Biostatistics Unit, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
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28
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Liu M, Wang Z, Shang H. Multiple system atrophy: an update and emerging directions of biomarkers and clinical trials. J Neurol 2024; 271:2324-2344. [PMID: 38483626 PMCID: PMC11055738 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy is a rare, debilitating, adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder that manifests clinically as a diverse combination of parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and autonomic dysfunction. It is pathologically characterized by oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions containing abnormally aggregated α-synuclein. According to the updated Movement Disorder Society diagnostic criteria for multiple system atrophy, the diagnosis of clinically established multiple system atrophy requires the manifestation of autonomic dysfunction in combination with poorly levo-dopa responsive parkinsonism and/or cerebellar syndrome. Although symptomatic management of multiple system atrophy can substantially improve quality of life, therapeutic benefits are often limited, ephemeral, and they fail to modify the disease progression and eradicate underlying causes. Consequently, effective breakthrough treatments that target the causes of disease are needed. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies are currently focusing on a set of hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases to slow or halt the progression of multiple system atrophy: pathological protein aggregation, synaptic dysfunction, aberrant proteostasis, neuronal inflammation, and neuronal cell death. Meanwhile, specific biomarkers and measurements with higher specificity and sensitivity are being developed for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy, particularly for early detection of the disease. More intriguingly, a growing number of new disease-modifying candidates, which can be used to design multi-targeted, personalized treatment in patients, are being investigated, notwithstanding the failure of most previous attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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29
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Delforge V, Tard C, Davion JB, Dujardin K, Wissocq A, Dhaenens CM, Mutez E, Huin V. RFC1: Motifs and phenotypes. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024; 180:393-409. [PMID: 38627134 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Biallelic intronic expansions (AAGGG)exp in intron 2 of the RFC1 gene have been shown to be a common cause of late-onset ataxia. Since their first description, the phenotypes, neurological damage, and pathogenic variants associated with the RFC1 gene have been frequently updated. Here, we review the various motifs, genetic variants, and phenotypes associated with the RFC1 gene. We searched PubMed for scientific articles published between March 1st, 2019, and January 15th, 2024. The motifs and phenotypes associated with the RFC1 gene are highly heterogeneous, making molecular diagnosis and clinical screening and investigation challenging. In this review we will provide clues to give a better understanding of RFC1 disease. We briefly discuss new methods for molecular diagnosis, the origin of cough in RFC1 disease, and research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Delforge
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, CHU de Lille, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C Tard
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, CHU de Lille, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Neurology and Movement disorders, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J-B Davion
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, CHU de Lille, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Neurology and Movement disorders, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - K Dujardin
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, CHU de Lille, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Neurology and Movement disorders, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Wissocq
- Department of Toxicology and Genopathies, UF Neurobiology, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C-M Dhaenens
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, CHU de Lille, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Toxicology and Genopathies, UF Neurobiology, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - E Mutez
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, CHU de Lille, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Neurology and Movement disorders, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - V Huin
- Inserm, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, CHU de Lille, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Toxicology and Genopathies, UF Neurobiology, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
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Ando T, Riku Y, Akagi A, Miyahara H, Uematsu T, Aiba I, Sone J, Katsuno M, Yoshida M, Iwasaki Y. Degeneration of olivospinal tract in the upper cervical spinal cord of multiple system atrophy patients: Reappraisal of Helweg's triangular tract. Brain Pathol 2024; 34:e13226. [PMID: 37972988 PMCID: PMC11007009 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder that presents with variable combinations of autonomic dysfunction, cerebellar ataxia, parkinsonism, and pyramidal signs. The inferior olivary nucleus is targeted in MSA, with a phenotype of olivopontocerebellar atrophy in particular, and involvement of the olivocerebellar tract is well known. However, degeneration of the olivospinal tract has not been studied in MSA. We examined 97 spinal cords from consecutively autopsied patients with MSA. Myelin staining revealed that 22 cords (22.7%) had small, bilateral, triangular-shaped tract degeneration in the boundary of the anterior and lateral funiculi, which appeared continuously from C1 to C5. The anatomical pathway of the degenerated tract was consistent with the description of the olivospinal tract provided by Helweg in 1888. The MSA patients showing degeneration of this tract were younger at disease onset (average: 56.4 ± 8.7 years, range: 42-74), and had longer disease duration (average: 10.1 ± 4.8 years, range: 2-25) and more severe olivopontocerebellar changes compared to other MSA patients. Quantitative analyses revealed that patients with olivospinal tract degeneration had a lower neuronal density in the inferior olivary nucleus compared to other patients. Microglial density in this tract was negatively correlated with the neuronal density in the inferior olivary nucleus. The densities of glial cytoplasmic inclusions in the inferior olivary nucleus and in the olivospinal tract were strongly correlated with each other. Neurologically healthy controls (n = 22) and disease controls with Lewy body disease (n = 30), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 30), and progressive supranuclear palsy (n = 30) did not present the olivospinal tract degeneration. Our results indicate an impairment of the neural connection between the inferior olivary nucleus and the spinal cord in MSA patients, which may develop in a descending manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ando
- Department of NeurologyJapanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi HospitalNagoyaAichiJapan
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteAichiJapan
| | - Yuichi Riku
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteAichiJapan
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Akio Akagi
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteAichiJapan
| | - Hiroaki Miyahara
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteAichiJapan
| | - Takashi Uematsu
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Ikuko Aiba
- Department of NeurologyNational Hospital Organization Higashinagoya National HospitalNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Jun Sone
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteAichiJapan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
- Department of Clinical Research EducationNagoya University Graduate School of medicineNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Mari Yoshida
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteAichiJapan
| | - Yasushi Iwasaki
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteAichiJapan
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Abdul‐Rahman T, Herrera‐Calderón RE, Ahluwalia A, Wireko AA, Ferreira T, Tan JK, Wolfson M, Ghosh S, Horbas V, Garg V, Perveen A, Papadakis M, Ashraf GM, Alexiou A. The potential of phosphorylated α-synuclein as a biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple system atrophy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14678. [PMID: 38572788 PMCID: PMC10993367 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) containing aggregated α-synuclein (α-Syn). Accurate diagnosis and monitoring of MSA present significant challenges, which can lead to potential misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Biomarkers play a crucial role in improving the accuracy of MSA diagnosis, and phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-syn) has emerged as a promising biomarker for aiding in diagnosis and disease monitoring. METHODS A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using specific keywords and MeSH terms without imposing a time limit. Inclusion criteria comprised various study designs including experimental studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies published only in English, while conference abstracts and unpublished sources were excluded. RESULTS Increased levels of p-syn have been observed in various samples from MSA patients, such as red blood cells, cerebrospinal fluid, oral mucosal cells, skin, and colon biopsies, highlighting their diagnostic potential. The α-Syn RT-QuIC assay has shown sensitivity in diagnosing MSA and tracking its progression. Meta-analyses and multicenter investigations have confirmed the diagnostic value of p-syn in cerebrospinal fluid, demonstrating high specificity and sensitivity in distinguishing MSA from other neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, combining p-syn with other biomarkers has further improved the diagnostic accuracy of MSA. CONCLUSION The p-syn stands out as a promising biomarker for MSA. It is found in oligodendrocytes and shows a correlation with disease severity and progression. However, further research and validation studies are necessary to establish p-syn as a reliable biomarker for MSA. If proven, p-syn could significantly contribute to early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and assessing treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tomas Ferreira
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | | | - Shankhaneel Ghosh
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' AnusandhanBhubaneswarIndia
| | | | - Vandana Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesMaharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtakHaryanaIndia
| | - Asma Perveen
- Glocal School of Life SciencesGlocal UniversitySaharanpurUttar PradeshIndia
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al‐Saud Center for Excellence Research in BiotechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten‐HerdeckeUniversity of Witten‐HerdeckeWuppertalGermany
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesUniversity of Sharjah, College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health SciencesSharjahUAE
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & DevelopmentChandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjabIndia
- Department of Research & DevelopmentAthensGreece
- Department of Research & DevelopmentAFNP MedWienAustria
- Department of Science and EngineeringNovel Global Community Educational FoundationNew South WalesAustralia
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Mir MJ, Herndon NE, Wagle Shukla A, Wheeler‐Hegland K, McFarland NR. The Vocal Flutter of Multiple System Atrophy: A Parkinsonian-Type Phenomenon? Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:403-410. [PMID: 38314679 PMCID: PMC10982599 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early features of multiple system atrophy (MSA) are similar to those in Parkinson's disease (PD), which can challenge differential diagnosis. Identifying clinical markers that help distinguish MSA from forms of parkinsonism is essential to promptly implement the most appropriate management plan. In the context of a thorough neurological evaluation, the presence of a vocal flutter might be considered a potential feature of MSA-parkinsonian type (MSA-P). CASES This case series describes clinical histories of 3 individuals with MSA-P. In each case, vocal flutter was detected during neurological and motor speech evaluations. It seemed to be a concomitant feature with the constellation of other signs and symptoms that led to the clinical diagnosis. LITERATURE REVIEW The vocal flutter may be described as pitch and loudness fluctuations during phonation. Different from a vocal tremor, the flutter phenomenon has higher oscillation frequencies. The neuropathological underpinnings of vocal flutter may be related to generalized laryngeal dysfunction that is commonly described in MSA-P. CONCLUSION Vocal flutter may be a unique speech feature in some individuals who have MSA-P. Future studies using perceptual and acoustic measures of speech are warranted to quantify these observations and directly compare to other MSA variants, PD, and a control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela J. Mir
- Department of Physical TherapyBREATHE Center, University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Nicole E. Herndon
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing SciencesCollege of Public Health and Health Professions, University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- UF Health Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological DiseasesGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Aparna Wagle Shukla
- UF Health Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological DiseasesGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of NeurologyCollege of Medicine, University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Karen Wheeler‐Hegland
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing SciencesCollege of Public Health and Health Professions, University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- UF Health Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological DiseasesGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Nikolaus R. McFarland
- UF Health Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological DiseasesGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of NeurologyCollege of Medicine, University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
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Wirth T, Bonnet C, Delvallée C, Pellerin D, Bogdan T, Clément G, Schalk A, Chanson JB, Fleury MC, Piton A, Calmels N, Namer IJ, Kremer S, Brais B, Tranchant C, Renaud M, Anheim M. Does Spinocerebellar ataxia 27B mimic cerebellar multiple system atrophy? J Neurol 2024; 271:2078-2085. [PMID: 38263489 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether spinocerebellar ataxia 27B (SCA27B) may present as a cerebellar multiple system atrophy (MSA-C) mimic remains undetermined. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of FGF14 (GAA)≥250 expansions in patients with MSA-C, to compare SCA27B and MSA-C clinical presentation and natural history. METHODS FGF14 expansion screening combined with longitudinal deep-phenotyping in a prospective cohort of 195 patients with sporadic late-onset cerebellar ataxia. RESULTS After a mean disease duration of 6.4 years, 111 patients were not meeting criteria for MSA-C while 24 and 60 patients had a final diagnosis of possible and probable MSA-C, respectively. 16 patients carried an FGF14 (GAA)≥250 expansion in the group not meeting MSA-C criteria (14.4%), 3 patients in the possible MSA-C group (12.5%), but none among probable MSA-C cases. SCA27B patients were evolving more slowly than probable MSA-C patients. CONCLUSIONS FGF14 (GAA)≥250 expansion may account for MSA look-alike cases and should be screened among slow progressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wirth
- Neurology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France.
- Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology, INSERM-U964, CNRS-UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
| | - Céline Bonnet
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Nancy Regional University Hospital, Nancy, France
- INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Lorraine Univesity, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Clarisse Delvallée
- Neurology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology, INSERM-U964, CNRS-UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - David Pellerin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Bogdan
- Neurology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Audrey Schalk
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Genetic Diagnosis Laboratory, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Chanson
- Neurology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Neuromuscular Center Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Céline Fleury
- Neurology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amélie Piton
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology, INSERM-U964, CNRS-UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Genetic Diagnosis Laboratory, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nadège Calmels
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Genetic Diagnosis Laboratory, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Izzie Jacques Namer
- MNMS Platform, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, Strasbourg, France
- ICube, University of Strasbourg/CNRS UMR 7357, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, ICANS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Kremer
- ICube, University of Strasbourg/CNRS UMR 7357, Strasbourg, France
- Neuroradiology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Brais
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christine Tranchant
- Neurology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology, INSERM-U964, CNRS-UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Mathilde Renaud
- INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Lorraine Univesity, 54000, Nancy, France
- Neurology Department, Nancy Regional University Hospital, Nancy, France
- Clinical Genetics Department, Nancy Regional University Hospital, Nancy, France
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Neurology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Strasbourg Federation of Translational Medicine, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
- Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology, INSERM-U964, CNRS-UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
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Li XY, Xue T, Lai H, Dai J, Peng F, Xu F, Zhu J, Li X, Hu J, Li W, He R, Chen L, Chen Y, Ding C, Zhao G, Chen X, Ye Q, Xu Z, Wang C. Pyruvate is modified by tea/coffee metabolites and reversely correlated with multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26588. [PMID: 38434286 PMCID: PMC10906427 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder. Although diverse biomarkers have been established for Parkinson's disease (PD), no widely accepted markers have been identified in MSA. Pyruvate and lactate are the end-product of glycolysis and crucial for brain metabolism. However, their correlation with MSA remains unclear. Moreover, it is elusive how lifestyles modify these metabolites. Methods To investigate the correlation and diagnostic value of plasma pyruvate and lactate levels in MSA and PD. Moreover, we explored how lifestyle-related metabolites interact with these metabolites in determining the disease risk. We assayed the 3 metabolites in pyruvate/lactate and 6 in the tea/coffee metabolic pathways by targeted mass spectrometry and evaluate their interactions and performance in diagnosis and differentiation between MSA and PD. Results We found that 7 metabolites were significantly different between MSA, PD and healthy controls (HCs). Particularly, pyruvate was increased in PD while significantly decreased in MSA patients. Moreover, the tea/coffee metabolites were negatively associated with the pyruvate level in HCs, but not in MSA and PD patients. Using machine-learning models, we showed that the combination of pyruvate and tea/coffee metabolites diagnosed MSA (AUC = 0.878) and PD (AUC = 0.833) with good performance. Additionally, pyruvate had good performance in distinguishing MSA from PD (AUC = 0.860), and the differentiation increased (AUC = 0.922) when combined with theanine and 1,3-dimethyluric acid. Conclusions This study demonstrates that pyruvate correlates reversely with MSA and PD, and may play distinct roles in their pathogenesis, which can be modified by lifestyle-related tea/coffee metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ying Li
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Teng Xue
- Zhongyuanborui Key Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Guangdong-Macao In-depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin, China
- Zhongguancun Biological and Medical Big Data Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Lai
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jing Dai
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, NHC (National Center for Occupational Medicine of Coal Industry), Beijing, China
| | - Fangda Peng
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, NHC (National Center for Occupational Medicine of Coal Industry), Beijing, China
| | - Fanxi Xu
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Junge Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Junya Hu
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Raoli He
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunguang Ding
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, NHC (National Center for Occupational Medicine of Coal Industry), Beijing, China
| | - Guoguang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Clinical Research Center for Epilepsy Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyang Chen
- Zhongguancun Biological and Medical Big Data Center, Beijing, China
- Bao Feng Key Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing, China
| | - Qinyong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chaodong Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
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Zhu W, Zhang W, Chen J, Tong Y, Xu F, Pang J. Discovery of Effective Dual PROTAC Degraders for Neurodegenerative Disease-Associated Aggregates. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3448-3466. [PMID: 38356330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The aggregation of specific proteins is a histopathological hallmark in various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), among which Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) and tau have received increased attention. The targeted protein degradation (TPD) strategy has been studied in the treatment of NDs, but multitarget bifunctional molecules have been ignored. Herein, a series of effective dual PROTAC degraders were developed, which could degrade α-Syn aggregates and total tau simultaneously. The degradation effects were evaluated in vitro, and the results showed that T3 could significantly knockdown α-Syn aggregates and total tau in the degradation efficiency with DC50 of 1.57 ± 0.55 and 4.09 ± 0.90 μM, respectively. Further mechanistic exploration showed that the degradation effect was mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Additionally, the therapeutic efficacy of T3 was confirmed in an MPTP-induced PD mouse model. Our results suggest that these dual PROTACs may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenqian Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yichen Tong
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fang Xu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization & Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE) & Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiyan Pang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Mir MJ, Childers JT, Wheeler-Hegland K. Cough Correlates of Functional Swallow Outcomes in Atypical Parkinsonism. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:265-275. [PMID: 38229245 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Swallow and cough impairments lead to aspiration and reduced clearance of aspirate material. Both behaviors are impaired in Parkinson's disease, but it is unknown whether a similar relationship of dysfunction exists in forms of atypical Parkinsonism (APD). Elucidating this association in APD may lead to early, comprehensive airway protection treatment. OBJECTIVES We tested the hypotheses that swallow deficits in APD are associated with impaired cough and that airway protective dysfunction is associated with longer disease duration. METHODS Swallowing difficulty was described by 11 participants with APD. Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) and DIGEST scores for thin liquid trials were extracted from medical records of videofluoroscopic swallow study reports. Voluntary and capsaicin induced-reflex cough measures of flow, volume, and timing were analyzed. RESULTS While most participants did not have post-swallow residue, ~80% received abnormal PAS scores and reported swallowing difficulty. Those with abnormal PAS scores had lower voluntary cough expired volume (P = 0.037; mean rank difference = 5.0); lower reflex inspiratory flow rate (P = 0.034; mean rank difference = 5.5); and longer reflex expiratory flow rise time (P = 0.034; mean rank difference = 5.5). Higher PAS scores and reduced reflex cough volume acceleration were significantly correlated (r = -0.63; P = 0.04) and longer disease duration predicted larger voluntary cough expired volume (R2 = 0.72) and longer flow rise times (R2 = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS As swallow safety worsens, so might the ability to clear the airways with effective cough in in APD; particularly with longer disease duration. Assessing cough in conjunction with swallowing is important for informing airway protection treatment plans in APD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela J Mir
- Breathing Research and Therapeutics Center, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Brooks Clinical Research Center, Brooks Rehabilitation, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Justin T Childers
- College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Karen Wheeler-Hegland
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, UF Health, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Upper Airway Dysfunction Lab, Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Li K, Wang P, Li W, Yan JH, Ge YL, Zhang JR, Wang F, Mao CJ, Liu CF. The association between plasma GPNMB and Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 120:106001. [PMID: 38217954 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Parkinson's disease (PD), as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, often presents diagnostic challenges in differentiation from other forms of Parkinsonism. Recent studies have reported an association between plasma glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (pGPNMB) and PD. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted, comprising 401 PD patients, 111 multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients, 13 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients and 461 healthy controls from the Chinese Han population, with an assessment of pGPNMB levels. RESULTS The study revealed that pGPNMB concentrations were significantly lower in PD and MSA patients compared to controls (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) 0.62 and 0.74, respectively, P < 0.0001 for both), but no difference was found in PSP patients compared to controls (P > 0.05). Interestingly, the level of pGPNMB was significantly higher in PD patients than in MSA patients (AUC = 0.63, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the study explored the association between pGPNMB levels and disease severity in PD and MSA patients, revealing a positive correlation in PD patients but not in MSA patients with both disease severity and cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION This study successfully replicated prior findings, demonstrating an association between pGPNMB levels and disease severity, and also identified a correlation with cognitive impairment in PD patients of the Chinese Han population. Additionally, this study is the first to identify a significant difference in pGPNMB levels between MSA, PD, and normal controls. The data provide new evidence supporting the potential role of pGPNMB in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Puzhi Wang
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hui Yan
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi-Lun Ge
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Cheng-Jie Mao
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Stephen CD, Vangel M, Gupta AS, MacMore JP, Schmahmann JD. Rates of change of pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters are diagnostic of multiple system atrophy of the cerebellar type. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae019. [PMID: 38410617 PMCID: PMC10896291 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Definitive diagnosis of multiple system atrophy of the cerebellar type (MSA-C) is challenging. We hypothesized that rates of change of pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters on MRI would be unique to MSA-C and serve as diagnostic biomarkers. We defined the normative data for anterior-posterior pons and transverse middle cerebellar peduncle diameters on brain MRI in healthy controls, performed diameter-volume correlations and measured intra- and inter-rater reliability. We studied an Exploratory cohort (2002-2014) of 88 MSA-C and 78 other cerebellar ataxia patients, and a Validation cohort (2015-2021) of 49 MSA-C, 13 multiple system atrophy of the parkinsonian type (MSA-P), 99 other cerebellar ataxia patients and 314 non-ataxia patients. We measured anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters on baseline and subsequent MRIs, and correlated results with Brief Ataxia Rating Scale scores. We assessed midbrain:pons and middle cerebellar peduncle:pons ratios over time. The normative anterior-posterior pons diameter was 23.6 ± 1.6 mm, and middle cerebellar peduncle diameter 16.4 ± 1.4 mm. Pons diameter correlated with volume, r = 0.94, P < 0.0001. The anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle measures were smaller at first scan in MSA-C compared to all other ataxias; anterior-posterior pons diameter: Exploratory, 19.3 ± 2.6 mm versus 20.7 ± 2.6 mm, Validation, 19.9 ± 2.1 mm versus 21.1 ± 2.1 mm; middle cerebellar peduncle transverse diameter, Exploratory, 12.0 ± 2.6 mm versus 14.3 ±2.1 mm, Validation, 13.6 ± 2.1 mm versus 15.1 ± 1.8 mm, all P < 0.001. The anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle rates of change were faster in MSA-C than in all other ataxias; anterior-posterior pons diameter rates of change: Exploratory, -0.87 ± 0.04 mm/year versus -0.09 ± 0.02 mm/year, Validation, -0.89 ± 0.48 mm/year versus -0.10 ± 0.21 mm/year; middle cerebellar peduncle transverse diameter rates of change: Exploratory, -0.84 ± 0.05 mm/year versus -0.08 ± 0.02 mm/year, Validation, -0.94 ± 0.64 mm/year versus -0.11 ± 0.27 mm/year, all values P < 0.0001. Anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters were indistinguishable between Possible, Probable and Definite MSA-C. The rate of anterior-posterior pons atrophy was linear, correlating with ataxia severity. Using a lower threshold anterior-posterior pons diameter decrease of -0.4 mm/year to balance sensitivity and specificity, area under the curve analysis discriminating MSA-C from other ataxias was 0.94, yielding sensitivity 0.92 and specificity 0.87. For the middle cerebellar peduncle, with threshold decline -0.5 mm/year, area under the curve was 0.90 yielding sensitivity 0.85 and specificity 0.79. The midbrain:pons ratio increased progressively in MSA-C, whereas the middle cerebellar peduncle:pons ratio was almost unchanged. Anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters were smaller in MSA-C than in MSA-P, P < 0.001. We conclude from this 20-year longitudinal clinical and imaging study that anterior-posterior pons and middle cerebellar peduncle diameters are phenotypic imaging biomarkers of MSA-C. In the correct clinical context, an anterior-posterior pons and transverse middle cerebellar peduncle diameter decline of ∼0.8 mm/year is sufficient for and diagnostic of MSA-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Stephen
- Ataxia Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mark Vangel
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Anoopum S Gupta
- Ataxia Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jason P MacMore
- Ataxia Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jeremy D Schmahmann
- Ataxia Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cognitive Behavioral Neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Yuan X, Wan L, Chen Z, Long Z, Chen D, Liu P, Fu Y, Zhu S, Peng L, Qiu R, Tang B, Jiang H. Peripheral Inflammatory and Immune Landscape in Multiple System Atrophy: A Cross-Sectional Study. Mov Disord 2024; 39:391-399. [PMID: 38155513 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation might contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple systemic atrophy (MSA). However, specific alterations in the peripheral inflammatory and immune profiles of patients with MSA remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To determine the peripheral inflammatory and immune profiles of patients with MSA and their potential value as biomarkers for facilitating clinical diagnosis and monitoring disease severity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 235, 240, and 235 patients with MSA, patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and healthy controls (HCs), respectively. Inflammatory and immune parameters were measured in peripheral blood, differences between groups were assessed, and clusters were analyzed. Associations between the parameters and clinical characteristics of MSA were assessed using Spearman and partial correlation analyses. RESULTS Significant differences were observed especially in monocytes, neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio (MPV) between MSA patients and HCs (P < 0.01). Monocytes and uric acid (UA) levels were also significantly different between the MSA and PD patients (P < 0.05). The combination of NLR and MPV distinguished MSA-P patients from HCs (areas under the curve = 0.824). In addition, complement components C4 and C3 were significantly correlated with the Scale Outcomes in PD for Autonomic Symptoms and Wexner scale, whereas immunoglobulin G (IgG) was significantly correlated with scores of Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In MSA patients, monocytes, NLR and MPV might serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers, whereas MLR, C3, C4, and IgG significantly correlate with disease severity. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linlin Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe Long
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daji Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Panyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - You Fu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sudan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linliu Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Qiu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Sekiya H, Koga S, Murakami A, DeTure M, Ross OA, Uitti RJ, Cheshire WP, Wszolek ZK, Dickson DW. Frequency of Comorbid Pathologies and Their Clinical Impact in Multiple System Atrophy. Mov Disord 2024; 39:380-390. [PMID: 37986699 PMCID: PMC10922743 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed pathology is common at autopsy for a number of age-associated neurodegenerative disorders; however, the frequency of comorbid pathologies in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and their clinical correlations are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We determined the frequency of comorbid pathologic processes in autopsy-confirmed MSA and assessed their clinical correlates. METHODS This study included 160 neuropathologically established MSA from the Mayo Clinic brain bank. Clinical information, including age at onset or death, clinical subtype, initial symptoms, antemortem clinical diagnosis, and cognitive dysfunction was collected. We assessed comorbid pathologies including Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change, Lewy-related pathology, argyrophilic grain disease, age-related τ astrogliopathy, transactive DNA-binding protein 43 pathology, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and cerebrovascular small vessel disease and examined their clinical impact. RESULTS The majority of MSA patients (62%) had no significant comorbid pathologies. There was a positive correlation between age at onset or death with the number of comorbid pathologies; however, even in the highest quartile group (average age at death 78 ± 6 years), the average number of comorbid pathologies was <2. Logistic regression analysis revealed that none of the assessed variables, including sex, age at onset, and the presence or absence of each comorbid pathology, were significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS The majority of MSA patients do not have comorbid pathologies, even in advanced age, indicating that MSA is unique among neurodegenerative disorders in this regard. There was minimal clinical impact of comorbid pathologies in MSA. These findings warrant focusing on α-synuclein for the treatment strategy for MSA. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Sekiya
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Shunsuke Koga
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Aya Murakami
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Ryan J Uitti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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Corbin-Stein NJ, Childers GM, Webster JM, Zane A, Yang YT, Mudium N, Gupta R, Manfredsson FP, Kordower JH, Harms AS. IFNγ drives neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:11. [PMID: 38238869 PMCID: PMC10797897 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01710-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare and fatal synucleinopathy characterized by insoluble alpha-synuclein (α-syn) cytoplasmic inclusions located within oligodendroglia. Neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration are correlated with areas of glia cytoplasmic inclusions (GCI) pathology, however it is not known what specifically drives disease pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that disease pathologies found in post-mortem tissue from MSA patients can be modeled in rodents via a modified AAV overexpressing α-syn, Olig001-SYN, which has a 95% tropism for oligodendrocytes. In the Olig001-SYN mouse model, CD4+ T cells have been shown to drive neuroinflammation and demyelination, however the mechanism by which this occurs remains unclear. In this study we use genetic and pharmacological approaches in the Olig001-SYN model of MSA to show that the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon gamma (IFNγ) drives neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, using an IFNγ reporter mouse, we found that infiltrating CD4+ T cells were the primary producers of IFNγ in response to α-syn overexpression in oligodendrocytes. Results from these studies indicate that IFNγ expression from CD4+ T cells drives α-syn-mediated neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. These results indicate that targeting IFNγ expression may be a potential disease modifying therapeutic strategy for MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Corbin-Stein
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Gabrielle M Childers
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jhodi M Webster
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Asta Zane
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Nikhita Mudium
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Fredric P Manfredsson
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Kordower
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Ashley S Harms
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Wang J, Sugiyama A, Yokota H, Hirano S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka Y, Araki N, Ito S, Paul F, Kuwabara S. Differentiation between Parkinson's Disease and the Parkinsonian Subtype of Multiple System Atrophy Using the Magnetic Resonance T1w/T2w Ratio in the Middle Cerebellar Peduncle. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:201. [PMID: 38248077 PMCID: PMC10814850 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P) can hardly be distinguished from Parkinson's disease (PD) clinically in the early stages. This study investigated whether a standardized T1-weighted/T2-weighted ratio (sT1w/T2w ratio) can effectively detect degenerative changes in the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) associated with MSA-P and PD and evaluated its potential to distinguish between these two diseases. We included 35 patients with MSA-P, 32 patients with PD, and 17 controls. T1w and T2w scans were acquired using a 1.5-T MR system. The MCP sT1w/T2w ratio was analyzed via SPM12 using a region-of-interest approach in a normalized space. The diagnostic performance of the MCP sT1w/T2w ratio was compared between the MSA-P, PD, and controls. Patients with MSA-P had significantly lower MCP sT1w/T2w ratios than patients with PD and controls. Furthermore, MCP sT1w/T2w ratios were lower in patients with PD than in the controls. The MCP sT1w/T2w ratio showed excellent or good accuracy for differentiating MSA-P or PD from the control (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.919 and 0.814, respectively) and substantial power for differentiating MSA-P from PD (AUC = 0.724). Therefore, the MCP sT1w/T2w ratio is sensitive in detecting degenerative changes in the MCP associated with MSA-P and PD and is useful in distinguishing MSA-P from PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (J.W.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Atsuhiko Sugiyama
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (J.W.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Hajime Yokota
- Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shigeki Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (J.W.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (J.W.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.K.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Division of Occupational Therapy, Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba 261-0014, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Yamanaka
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (J.W.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.K.)
- Urayasu Rehabilitation Education Center, Chiba University Hospital, Urayasu 279-0023, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Araki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (J.W.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Shoichi Ito
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (J.W.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.K.)
- Department of Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Satoshi Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (J.W.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.K.)
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Sun J, Cong C, Li X, Zhou W, Xia R, Liu H, Wang Y, Xu Z, Chen X. Identification of Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy using multimodal PET/MRI radiomics. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:662-672. [PMID: 37535155 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To construct a machine learning model for differentiating Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) by using multimodal PET/MRI radiomics and clinical characteristics. METHODS One hundred and nineteen patients (81 with PD and 38 with MSA) underwent brain PET/CT and MRI to obtain metabolic images ([18F]FDG, [11C]CFT PET) and structural MRI (T1WI, T2WI, and T2-FLAIR). Image analysis included automatic segmentation on MRI, co-registration of PET images onto the corresponding MRI. Radiomics features were then extracted from the putamina and caudate nuclei and selected to construct predictive models. Moreover, based on PET/MRI radiomics and clinical characteristics, we developed a nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to evaluate the performance of the models. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was employed to access the clinical usefulness of the models. RESULTS The combined PET/MRI radiomics model of five sequences outperformed monomodal radiomics models alone. Further, PET/MRI radiomics-clinical combined model could perfectly distinguish PD from MSA (AUC = 0.993), which outperformed the clinical model (AUC = 0.923, p = 0.028) in training set, with no significant difference in test set (AUC = 0.860 vs 0.917, p = 0.390). However, no significant difference was found between PET/MRI radiomics-clinical model and PET/MRI radiomics model in training (AUC = 0.988, p = 0.276) and test sets (AUC = 0.860 vs 0.845, p = 0.632). DCA demonstrated the highest clinical benefit of PET/MRI radiomics-clinical model. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that multimodal PET/MRI radiomics could achieve promising performance to differentiate between PD and MSA in clinics. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This study developed an optimal radiomics signature and construct model to distinguish PD from MSA by multimodal PET/MRI imaging methods in clinics for parkinsonian syndromes, which achieved an excellent performance. KEY POINTS •Multimodal PET/MRI radiomics from putamina and caudate nuclei increase the diagnostic efficiency for distinguishing PD from MSA. •The radiomics-based nomogram was developed to differentiate between PD and MSA. •Combining PET/MRI radiomics-clinical model achieved promising performance to identify PD and MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Cong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinpeng Li
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weicheng Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Renxiang Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, China.
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Xue C, Dou X, Yu C, Zhong Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Xue L, Hu D, Wu S, Zhang H, Tian M. In vivo cerebral metabolic and dopaminergic characteristics in multiple system atrophy with orthostatic hypotension. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:468-480. [PMID: 37807003 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease, often presented with orthostatic hypotension (OH), which is a disabling symptom but has not been very explored. Here, we investigated MSA patients with OH by using positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and 11C-N-2-carbomethoxy-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-tropane (11C-CFT) for in vivo evaluation of the glucose metabolism and dopaminergic function of the brain. METHODS Totally, 51 patients with MSA and 20 healthy controls (HC) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively enrolled, among which 24 patients also underwent 11C-CFT PET/CT. All patients were divided into MSA-OH(+) and MSA-OH(-) groups. Then, statistical parametric mapping (SPM) method was used to reveal the regional metabolic and dopaminergic characteristics of MSA-OH(+) compared with MSA-OH(-). Moreover, the metabolic networks of MSA-OH(+), MSA-OH(-) and HC groups were also constructed and analyzed based on graph theory to find possible network-level changes in MSA patients with OH. RESULTS The SPM results showed significant hypometabolism in the pons and right cerebellar tonsil, as well as hypermetabolism in the left parahippocampal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus in MSA-OH(+) compared with MSA-OH(-). A reduced 11C-CFT uptake in the left caudate was also shown in MSA-OH(+) compared with MSA-OH(-). In the network analysis, significantly reduced local efficiency and clustering coefficient were shown in MSA-OH(+) compared with HC, and decreased nodal centrality in the frontal gyrus was found in MSA-OH(+) compared with MSA-OH(-). CONCLUSION In this study, the changes in glucose metabolism in the pons, right cerebellar tonsil, left parahippocampal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus were found closely related to OH in MSA patients. And the decreased presynaptic dopaminergic function in the left caudate may contribute to OH in MSA. Taken together, this study provided in vivo pathophysiologic information on MSA with OH from neuroimaging approach, which is essential for a better understanding of MSA with OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Xue
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congcong Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Le Xue
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daoyan Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Sidoroff V, Carbone F, Ellmerer P, Bair S, Hoffmann A, Maran T, Krismer F, Mahlknecht P, Mair K, Raccagni C, Ndayisaba JP, Seppi K, Wenning GK, Djamshidian A. Emotion Recognition in Multiple System Atrophy: An Exploratory Eye-Tracking Study. J Mov Disord 2024; 17:38-46. [PMID: 37748924 PMCID: PMC10846972 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.23090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emotional processing is a core feature of social interactions and has been well studied in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), albeit with contradictory. RESULTS . However, these studies excluded patients with atypical parkinsonism, such as multiple system atrophy (MSA). The objective of this exploratory study was to provide better insights into emotion processing in patients with MSA using eye tracking data. METHODS We included 21 MSA patients, 15 PD patients and 19 matched controls in this study. Participants performed a dynamic and a static emotion recognition task, and gaze fixations were analyzed in different areas of interest. Participants underwent neuropsychological testing and assessment of depression and alexithymia. RESULTS MSA patients were less accurate in recognizing anger than controls (p = 0.02) and had overall fewer fixations than controls (p = 0.001). In the static task, MSA patients had fewer fixations (p < 0.001) and a longer time to first fixation (p = 0.026) on the eye region. Furthermore, MSA patients had a longer fixation duration overall than PD patients (p = 0.004) and longer fixations on the nose than controls (p = 0.005). Alexithymia scores were higher in MSA patients compared to controls (p = 0.038). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated impaired recognition of anger in MSA patients compared to HCs. Fewer and later fixations on the eyes along with a center bias suggest avoidance of eye contact, which may be a characteristic gaze behavior in MSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Sidoroff
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Ellmerer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefanie Bair
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Thomas Maran
- Department of Strategic Management & Leadership, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck Austria
- Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
| | - Florian Krismer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Mahlknecht
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katherina Mair
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Cecilia Raccagni
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital of Bolzano Teaching Hospital of Paracelsus Medical Private University Bolzano-Bozen, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gregor K. Wenning
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Atbin Djamshidian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Carrer T, Bonato G, Sandre M, Emmi A, Campagnolo M, Musso G, Carecchio M, Parchi P, Antonini A. Rapidly progressive multiple system atrophy in a patient carrying LRRK2 G2019S mutation. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:309-313. [PMID: 37752324 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is considered a primarily sporadic neurodegenerative disease, but the role of genetic is poorly understood. CASE We present a female patient of Moroccan origin who developed a rapidly progressive non-levodopa responsive parkinsonism, gait and balance problems, and dysautonomia including severe bulbar symptoms. She was diagnosed with MSA Parkinsonian-type (MSA-P) and suddenly died at night at 58 years of age. Reduced striatal DAT-SPECT, putaminal hyperintensity on T2-MRI, and hypometabolism with FDG-PET were present. Genetic testing documented a G2019S mutation in the LRRK2 gene. A skin biopsy was obtained and used to perform alpha-synuclein RT-QuIC, which was negative, and immunohistochemical analysis, which demonstrated abnormal alpha-synuclein deposits in cutaneous nerves. Elevated blood neurofilament light chain levels were also documented. CONCLUSIONS LRRK2 mutations are the most common cause of monogenic Parkinson's disease (PD) and G2019S is the most frequent variant. Our patient presented with biological, clinical, and radiological features of MSA, but genetic testing revealed a G2019S LRRK2 mutation, which has been previously reported only in one other case of pathologically proven MSA but with mild progression. In our patient, post-mortem confirmation could not be performed, but RT-QuIC and immunohistochemical findings on skin biopsy support the diagnosis of MSA. G2019S LRRK2 may be linked to an increased risk of MSA. Cases of atypical parkinsonism with rapid disease course should be screened for PD-related genes especially in populations with a high prevalence of mutations in known genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Carrer
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Study Center On Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Bonato
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Study Center On Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Michele Sandre
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Study Center On Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Aron Emmi
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Study Center On Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Campagnolo
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Study Center On Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Musso
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Study Center On Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Piero Parchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Programma Neuropatologia Delle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelo Antonini
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Study Center On Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
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Mercado G, Kaeufer C, Richter F, Peelaerts W. Infections in the Etiology of Parkinson's Disease and Synucleinopathies: A Renewed Perspective, Mechanistic Insights, and Therapeutic Implications. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:1301-1329. [PMID: 39331109 PMCID: PMC11492057 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-240195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a potential role for infectious pathogens in the etiology of synucleinopathies, a group of age-related neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy and dementia with Lewy bodies. In this review, we discuss the link between infections and synucleinopathies from a historical perspective, present emerging evidence that supports this link, and address current research challenges with a focus on neuroinflammation. Infectious pathogens can elicit a neuroinflammatory response and modulate genetic risk in PD and related synucleinopathies. The mechanisms of how infections might be linked with synucleinopathies as well as the overlap between the immune cellular pathways affected by virulent pathogens and disease-related genetic risk factors are discussed. Here, an important role for α-synuclein in the immune response against infections is emerging. Critical methodological and knowledge gaps are addressed, and we provide new future perspectives on how to address these gaps. Understanding how infections and neuroinflammation influence synucleinopathies will be essential for the development of early diagnostic tools and novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Mercado
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Kaeufer
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Franziska Richter
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wouter Peelaerts
- Laboratory for Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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48
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Li X, Bai J, Guo X, Mu Y, Di Z, Zhang G, Wang B, Zhang Y, Liu X, Shi Y, Lin S, Wu L, Bai Y, Liu X. Identifying New Subtypes of Multiple System Atrophy Using Cluster Analysis. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:777-795. [PMID: 38640168 PMCID: PMC11191464 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a disease with diverse symptoms and the commonly used classifications, MSA-P and MSA-C, do not cover all the different symptoms seen in MSA patients. Additionally, these classifications do not provide information about how the disease progresses over time or the expected outcome for patients. Objective To explore clinical subtypes of MSA with a natural disease course through a data-driven approach to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of MSA. Methods We followed 122 cases of MSA collected from 3 hospitals for 3 years. Demographic characteristics, age of onset, clinical signs, scale assessment scores, and auxiliary examination were collected. Age at onset; time from onset to assisted ambulation; and UMSARS I, II, and IV, COMPASS-31, ICARS, and UPDRS III scores were selected as clustering elements. K-means, partitioning around medoids, and self-organizing maps were used to analyze the clusters. Results The results of all three clustering methods supported the classification of three MSA subtypes: The aggressive progression subtype (MSA-AP), characterized by mid-to-late onset, rapid progression and severe clinical symptoms; the typical subtype (MSA-T), characterized by mid-to-late onset, moderate progression and moderate severity of clinical symptoms; and the early-onset slow progression subtype (MSA-ESP), characterized by early-to-mid onset, slow progression and mild clinical symptoms. Conclusions We divided MSA into three subtypes and summarized the characteristics of each subtype. According to the clustering results, MSA patients were divided into three completely different types according to the severity of symptoms, the speed of disease progression, and the age of onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Li
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaqian Mu
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengli Di
- Department of Neurology, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gejuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xi’an Third Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Air Force Medical University, School of Public Health, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xi’an Ninth Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shinuan Lin
- GYENNO Science Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- HUST – GYENNO CNS, Intelligent Digital Medicine Technology Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Linyu Wu
- GYENNO Science Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- HUST – GYENNO CNS, Intelligent Digital Medicine Technology Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Bai
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Pellerin D, Danzi MC, Renaud M, Houlden H, Synofzik M, Zuchner S, Brais B. Spinocerebellar ataxia 27B: A novel, frequent and potentially treatable ataxia. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1504. [PMID: 38279833 PMCID: PMC10819088 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary ataxias, especially when presenting sporadically in adulthood, present a particular diagnostic challenge owing to their great clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Currently, up to 75% of such patients remain without a genetic diagnosis. In an era of emerging disease-modifying gene-stratified therapies, the identification of causative alleles has become increasingly important. Over the past few years, the implementation of advanced bioinformatics tools and long-read sequencing has allowed the identification of a number of novel repeat expansion disorders, such as the recently described spinocerebellar ataxia 27B (SCA27B) caused by a (GAA)•(TTC) repeat expansion in intron 1 of the fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) gene. SCA27B is rapidly gaining recognition as one of the most common forms of adult-onset hereditary ataxia, with several studies showing that it accounts for a substantial number (9-61%) of previously undiagnosed cases from different cohorts. First natural history studies and multiple reports have already outlined the progression and core phenotype of this novel disease, which consists of a late-onset slowly progressive pan-cerebellar syndrome that is frequently associated with cerebellar oculomotor signs, such as downbeat nystagmus, and episodic symptoms. Furthermore, preliminary studies in patients with SCA27B have shown promising symptomatic benefits of 4-aminopyridine, an already marketed drug. This review describes the current knowledge of the genetic and molecular basis, epidemiology, clinical features and prospective treatment strategies in SCA27B.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pellerin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Matt C. Danzi
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human GenomicsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Mathilde Renaud
- INSERM‐U1256 NGEREUniversité de LorraineNancyFrance
- Service de Neurologie, CHRU de NancyNancyFrance
- Service de Génétique Clinique, CHRU de NancyNancyFrance
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Division of Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative DiseasesHertie‐Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of TübingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)TübingenGermany
| | - Stephan Zuchner
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human GenomicsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Bernard Brais
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
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50
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Lim SY, Klein C. Parkinson's Disease is Predominantly a Genetic Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:467-482. [PMID: 38552119 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of a pathogenic variant in the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene in the Contursi kindred in 1997 indisputably confirmed a genetic cause in a subset of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Currently, pathogenic variants in one of the seven established PD genes or the strongest known risk factor gene, GBA1, are identified in ∼15% of PD patients unselected for age at onset and family history. In this Debate article, we highlight multiple avenues of research that suggest an important - and in some cases even predominant - role for genetics in PD aetiology, including familial clustering, high rates of monogenic PD in selected populations, and complete penetrance with certain forms. At first sight, the steep increase in PD prevalence exceeding that of other neurodegenerative diseases may argue against a predominant genetic etiology. Notably, the principal genetic contribution in PD is conferred by pathogenic variants in LRRK2 and GBA1 and, in both cases, characterized by an overall late age of onset and age-related penetrance. In addition, polygenic risk plays a considerable role in PD. However, it is likely that, in the majority of PD patients, a complex interplay of aging, genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors leads to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yang Lim
- The Mah Pooi Soo and Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's and Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
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