1
|
Zou Y, Pan M, Zhou T, Yan L, Chen Y, Yun J, Wang Z, Guo H, Zhang K, Xiong W. Critical COVID-19, Victivallaceae abundance, and celiac disease: A mediation Mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301998. [PMID: 38701071 PMCID: PMC11068179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease exhibits a higher prevalence among patients with coronavirus disease 2019. However, the potential influence of COVID-19 on celiac disease remains uncertain. Considering the significant association between gut microbiota alterations, COVID-19 and celiac disease, the two-step Mendelian randomization method was employed to investigate the genetic causality between COVID-19 and celiac disease, with gut microbiota as the potential mediators. We employed the genome-wide association study to select genetic instrumental variables associated with the exposure. Subsequently, these variables were utilized to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the risk of celiac disease and its potential influence on gut microbiota. Employing a two-step Mendelian randomization approach enabled the examination of potential causal relationships, encompassing: 1) the effects of COVID-19 infection, hospitalized COVID-19 and critical COVID-19 on the risk of celiac disease; 2) the influence of gut microbiota on celiac disease; and 3) the mediating impact of the gut microbiota between COVID-19 and the risk of celiac disease. Our findings revealed a significant association between critical COVID-19 and an elevated risk of celiac disease (inverse variance weighted [IVW]: P = 0.035). Furthermore, we observed an inverse correlation between critical COVID-19 and the abundance of Victivallaceae (IVW: P = 0.045). Notably, an increased Victivallaceae abundance exhibits a protective effect against the risk of celiac disease (IVW: P = 0.016). In conclusion, our analysis provides genetic evidence supporting the causal connection between critical COVID-19 and lower Victivallaceae abundance, thereby increasing the risk of celiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Manyi Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuntian Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Yun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaqi Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Okura Y, Ikawa-Teranishi Y, Mizoroki A, Takahashi N, Tsushima T, Irie M, Harfuddin Z, Miura-Okuda M, Ito S, Nakamura G, Takesue H, Ozono Y, Nishihara M, Yamada K, Gan SW, Hayasaka A, Ishii S, Wakabayashi T, Muraoka M, Nagaya N, Hino H, Nemoto T, Kuramochi T, Torizawa T, Shimada H, Kitazawa T, Okazaki M, Nezu J, Sollid LM, Igawa T. Characterizations of a neutralizing antibody broadly reactive to multiple gluten peptide:HLA-DQ2.5 complexes in the context of celiac disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8502. [PMID: 38135691 PMCID: PMC10746718 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In human celiac disease (CeD) HLA-DQ2.5 presents gluten peptides to antigen-specific CD4+ T cells, thereby instigating immune activation and enteropathy. Targeting HLA-DQ2.5 with neutralizing antibody for treating CeD may be plausible, yet using pan-HLA-DQ antibody risks affecting systemic immunity, while targeting selected gluten peptide:HLA-DQ2.5 complex (pHLA-DQ2.5) may be insufficient. Here we generate a TCR-like, neutralizing antibody (DONQ52) that broadly recognizes more than twenty-five distinct gluten pHLA-DQ2.5 through rabbit immunization with multi-epitope gluten pHLA-DQ2.5 and multidimensional optimization. Structural analyses show that the proline-rich and glutamine-rich motif of gluten epitopes critical for pathogenesis is flexibly recognized by multiple tyrosine residues present in the antibody paratope, implicating the mechanisms for the broad reactivity. In HLA-DQ2.5 transgenic mice, DONQ52 demonstrates favorable pharmacokinetics with high subcutaneous bioavailability, and blocks immunity to gluten while not affecting systemic immunity. Our results thus provide a rationale for clinical testing of DONQ52 in CeD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuu Okura
- Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akihiko Mizoroki
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Machiko Irie
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Shunsuke Ito
- Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Genki Nakamura
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takesue
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yui Ozono
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Kenta Yamada
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Siok Wan Gan
- Chugai Pharmabody Research Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Akira Hayasaka
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinya Ishii
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Masaru Muraoka
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nishiki Nagaya
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hino
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nemoto
- Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taichi Kuramochi
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Torizawa
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Makoto Okazaki
- Chugai Pharmabody Research Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Junichi Nezu
- R&D Portfolio Management Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ludvig M Sollid
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomoyuki Igawa
- Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Besser HA, Khosla C. Celiac disease: mechanisms and emerging therapeutics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:949-962. [PMID: 37839914 PMCID: PMC10843302 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is a widespread, gluten-induced, autoimmune disorder that lacks any medicinal therapy. Towards the goal of developing non-dietary treatments for CeD, research has focused on elucidating its molecular and cellular etiology. A model of pathogenesis has emerged centered on interactions between three molecular families: specific class II MHC proteins on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), deamidated gluten-derived peptides, and T cell receptors (TCRs) on inflammatory CD4+ T cells. Growing evidence suggests that this pathogenic axis can be pharmacologically targeted to protect patients from some of the adverse effects of dietary gluten. Further studies have revealed the existence of additional host and environmental contributors to disease initiation and tissue damage. This review summarizes our current understanding of CeD pathogenesis and how it is being harnessed for therapeutic design and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harrison A Besser
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chaitan Khosla
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H (Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Banerjee P, Chaudhary R, Singh AK, Parulekar P, Kumar S, Senapati S. Specific Genetic Polymorphisms Contributing in Differential Binding of Gliadin Peptides to HLA-DQ and TCR to Elicit Immunogenicity in Celiac Disease. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:2457-2480. [PMID: 37103600 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenicity of gliadin peptides in celiac disease (CD) is majorly determined by the pattern of molecular interactions with HLA-DQ and T-cell receptors (TCR). Investigation of the interactions between immune-dominant gliadin peptides, DQ protein, and TCR are warranted to unravel the basis of immunogenicity and variability contributed by the genetic polymorphisms. Homology modeling of HLA and TCR done using Swiss Model and iTASSER, respectively. Molecular interactions of eight common deamidated immune-dominant gliadin with HLA-DQ allotypes and specific TCR gene pairs were evaluated. Docking of the three structures was performed with ClusPro2.0 and ProDiGY was used to predict binding energies. Effects of known allelic polymorphisms and reported susceptibility SNPs were predicted on protein-protein interactions. CD susceptible allele, HLA-DQ2.5 was shown to have considerable binding affinity to 33-mer gliadin (ΔG = - 13.9; Kd = 1.5E - 10) in the presence of TRAV26/TRBV7. Higher binding affinity was predicted (ΔG = - 14.3, Kd = 8.9E - 11) when TRBV28 was replaced with TRBV20 paired with TRAV4 suggesting its role in CD predisposition. SNP rs12722069 at HLA-DQ8 that codes Arg76α forms three H-bonds with Glu12 and two H-bonds with Asn13 of DQ2 restricted gliadin in the presence of TRAV8-3/TRBV6. None of the HLA-DQ polymorphisms was found to be in linkage disequilibrium with reported CD susceptibility markers. Haplotypic presentations of rs12722069-G, rs1130392-C, rs3188043-C and rs4193-A with CD reported SNPs were observed in sub-ethnic groups. Highly polymorphic sites of HLA alleles and TCR variable regions could be utilized for better risk prediction models in CD. Therapeutic strategies by identifying inhibitors or blockers targeting specific gliadin:HLA-DQ:TCR binding sites could be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Banerjee
- Immunogenomics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Ramprasad Chaudhary
- Immunogenomics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Molecular Signaling and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Pratima Parulekar
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Molecular Signaling and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
| | - Sabyasachi Senapati
- Immunogenomics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stražar M, Park J, Abelin JG, Taylor HB, Pedersen TK, Plichta DR, Brown EM, Eraslan B, Hung YM, Ortiz K, Clauser KR, Carr SA, Xavier RJ, Graham DB. HLA-II immunopeptidome profiling and deep learning reveal features of antigenicity to inform antigen discovery. Immunity 2023; 56:1681-1698.e13. [PMID: 37301199 PMCID: PMC10519123 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cell responses are exquisitely antigen specific and directed toward peptide epitopes displayed by human leukocyte antigen class II (HLA-II) on antigen-presenting cells. Underrepresentation of diverse alleles in ligand databases and an incomplete understanding of factors affecting antigen presentation in vivo have limited progress in defining principles of peptide immunogenicity. Here, we employed monoallelic immunopeptidomics to identify 358,024 HLA-II binders, with a particular focus on HLA-DQ and HLA-DP. We uncovered peptide-binding patterns across a spectrum of binding affinities and enrichment of structural antigen features. These aspects underpinned the development of context-aware predictor of T cell antigens (CAPTAn), a deep learning model that predicts peptide antigens based on their affinity to HLA-II and full sequence of their source proteins. CAPTAn was instrumental in discovering prevalent T cell epitopes from bacteria in the human microbiome and a pan-variant epitope from SARS-CoV-2. Together CAPTAn and associated datasets present a resource for antigen discovery and the unraveling genetic associations of HLA alleles with immunopathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stražar
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jihye Park
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Hannah B Taylor
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Thomas K Pedersen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Eric M Brown
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Basak Eraslan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yuan-Mao Hung
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kayla Ortiz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Karl R Clauser
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Daniel B Graham
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moustakas AK, Nguyen H, James EA, Papadopoulos GK. Autoimmune susceptible HLA class II motifs facilitate the presentation of modified neoepitopes to potentially autoreactive T cells. Cell Immunol 2023; 390:104729. [PMID: 37301094 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and celiac disease (CD), are strongly associated with susceptible HLA class II haplotypes. The peptide-binding pockets of these molecules are polymorphic, thus each HLA class II protein presents a distinct set of peptides to CD4+ T cells. Peptide diversity is increased through post-translational modifications, generating non-templated sequences that enhance HLA binding and/or T cell recognition. The high-risk HLA-DR alleles that confer susceptibility to RA are notable for their ability to accommodate citrulline, promoting responses to citrullinated self-antigens. Likewise, HLA-DQ alleles associated with T1D and CD favor the binding of deamidated peptides. In this review, we discuss structural features that promote modified self-epitope presentation, provide evidence supporting the relevance of T cell recognition of such antigens in disease processes, and make a case that interrupting the pathways that generate such epitopes and reprogramming neoepitope-specific T cells are key strategies for effective therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonis K Moustakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Ionian University, GR26100 Argostoli, Cephalonia, Greece
| | - Hai Nguyen
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eddie A James
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - George K Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Biochemistry, Bioprocessing and Bioproducts, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, GR47100 Arta, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Amundarain MJ, Vietri A, Dodero VI, Costabel MD. IDP Force Fields Applied to Model PPII-Rich 33-mer Gliadin Peptides. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2407-2417. [PMID: 36884001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The 33-mer gliadin peptide and its deamidated metabolite, 33-mer DGP, are the immunodominant peptides responsible for the adaptive immune response in celiac disease (CD). CD is a complex autoimmune chronic disorder triggered by gluten ingestion that affects the small intestine and affects ∼1% of the global population. The 33-mers are polyproline II-rich (PPII) and intrinsically disordered peptides (IDPs), whose structures remain elusive. We sampled the conformational ensembles of both 33-mer peptides via molecular dynamics simulations employing two force fields (FFs) (Amber ff03ws and Amber ff99SB-disp) specifically validated for other IDPs. Our results show that both FFs allow the extensive exploration of the conformational landscape, which was not possible with the standard FF GROMOS53A6 reported before. Clustering analysis of the trajectories showed that the five largest clusters (78-88% of the total structures) present elongated, semielongated, and curved conformations in both FFs. Large average radius of gyration and solvent-exposed surfaces characterized these structures. While the structures sampled are similar, the Amber ff99SB-disp trajectories explored folded conformations with a higher probability. In addition, PPII secondary structure was preserved throughout the trajectories (58-73%) together with a non-negligible content of β structures (11-23%), in agreement with previous experimental results. This work represents the initial step in studying further the interaction of these peptides with other biologically relevant molecules, which could lead to finally disclose the molecular events that lead to CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María J Amundarain
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física del Sur (IFISUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), CONICET, Avenida Leandro N. Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Agustín Vietri
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física del Sur (IFISUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), CONICET, Avenida Leandro N. Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Verónica I Dodero
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry III, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marcelo D Costabel
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física del Sur (IFISUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), CONICET, Avenida Leandro N. Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Protective effects of Acetobacter ghanensis against gliadin toxicity in intestinal epithelial cells with immunoregulatory and gluten-digestive properties. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:605-614. [PMID: 36175797 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to establish whether Acetobacter ghanensis, the probiotic characteristics of which were evaluated previously, attenuates gliadin-induced toxicity in intestinal epithelial cells with gluten-digestive and immunoregulatory properties. METHODS A co-culture model of human intestinal epithelial cell (Caco-2) monolayers on top of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from patients with celiac disease (CD) was established. The gluten-digestive properties of A. ghanensis were determined by checking bacterial growth in a medium containing gluten as the main nitrogen source. The mRNA levels of genes encoding TJ-associated proteins were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The concentrations of IL-6 and TNFα were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS We found that PT-gliadin disrupted intestinal barrier integrity by modulating the expression of TJ-associated genes encoding zonulin (increased by ~ 60%), zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) (decreased by ~ 22%), and occludin (decreased by ~ 28%) in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, PT-gliadin treatment in Caco-2 cells was associated with increased concentrations of IL-6 (~ 1.6-fold) and TNFα (~ twofold) from PBMCs. These modulatory effects of PT-gliadin, however, were suppressed when Caco-2 cells were subjected to A. ghanensis in the presence of PT-gliadin. As a factor underlying these protective effects, we showed that A. ghanensis could digest gluten peptides. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, the current study is the first to demonstrate that A. ghanensis improves intestinal barrier functions by attenuating the modulatory effects of PT-gliadin with immunoregulatory and gluten-digestive properties.
Collapse
|
9
|
Impacts of Sourdough Technology on the Availability of Celiac Peptides from Wheat α- and γ-Gliadins: In Silico Approach. ALLERGIES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/allergies3010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac peptide-generating α- and γ-gliadins consist of a disordered N-terminal domain extended by an α-helical-folded C-terminal domain. Celiac peptides, primarily located along the disordered part of α- and γ-gliadin molecules, are nicely exposed and directly accessible to proteolytic enzymes occurring in the gastric (pepsin) and intestinal (trypsin, chymotrypsin) fluids. More than half of the potential celiac peptides identified so far in gliadins exhibit cleavage sites for pepsin. However, celiac peptides proteolytically truncated by one or two amino acid residues could apparently retain some activity toward HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 receptors in docking experiments. Together with the uncleaved peptides, these still active partially degraded CD peptides account for the incapacity of the digestion process to inactivate CD peptides from gluten proteins. In contrast, sourdough fermentation processes involve other proteolytic enzymes susceptible to the deep degradation of celiac peptides. In particular, sourdough supplemented by fungal prolyl endoproteases enhances the degrading capacities of the sourdough fermentation process toward celiac peptides. Nevertheless, since tiny amounts of celiac peptides sufficient to trigger deleterious effects on CD people can persist in sourdough-treated bread and food products, it is advisable to avoid consumption of sourdough-treated food products for people suffering from celiac disease. As an alternative, applying the supplemented sourdough process to genetically modified low gluten or celiac-safe wheat lines should result in food products that are safer for susceptible and CD people.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Among human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-associated disorders, celiac disease has an immunopathogenesis that is particularly well understood. The condition is characterized by hypersensitivity to cereal gluten proteins, and the disease lesion is localized in the gut. Still, the diagnosis can be made by detection of highly disease-specific autoantibodies to transglutaminase 2 in the blood. We now have mechanistic insights into how the disease-predisposing HLA-DQ molecules, via presentation of posttranslationally modified gluten peptides, are connected to the generation of these autoantibodies. This review presents our current understanding of the immunobiology of this common disorder that is positioned in the border zone between food hypersensitivity and autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Iversen
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; .,Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludvig M Sollid
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; .,Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Skoracka K, Hryhorowicz S, Rychter AM, Ratajczak AE, Szymczak-Tomczak A, Zawada A, Słomski R, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Why are western diet and western lifestyle pro-inflammatory risk factors of celiac disease? Front Nutr 2023; 9:1054089. [PMID: 36742009 PMCID: PMC9895111 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1054089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of celiac disease increased in recent years. In addition to the genetic and immunological factors, it appears that environmental determinants are also involved in the pathophysiology of celiac disease. Gastrointestinal infections impact the development of celiac disease. Current research does not directly confirm the protective effect of natural childbirth and breastfeeding on celiac disease. However, it seems that in genetically predisposed children, the amount of gluten introduced into the diet may have an impact on celiac disease development. Also western lifestyle, including western dietary patterns high in fat, sugar, and gliadin, potentially may increase the risk of celiac disease due to changes in intestinal microbiota, intestinal permeability, or mucosal inflammation. Further research is needed to expand the knowledge of the relationship between environmental factors and the development of celiac disease to define evidence-based preventive interventions against the development of celiac disease. The manuscript summarizes current knowledge on factors predisposing to the development of celiac disease including factors associated with the western lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Skoracka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland,Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland,*Correspondence: Kinga Skoracka ✉
| | | | - Anna Maria Rychter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland,Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Ewa Ratajczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland,Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zawada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Loppinet E, Besser HA, Sewa AS, Yang FC, Jabri B, Khosla C. LRP-1 links post-translational modifications to efficient presentation of celiac disease-specific T cell antigens. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:55-68.e10. [PMID: 36608691 PMCID: PMC9868102 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder in which gluten-derived antigens trigger inflammation. Antigenic peptides must undergo site-specific deamidation to be presentable to CD4+ T cells in an HLA-DQ2 or -DQ8 restricted manner. While the biochemical basis for this post-translational modification is understood, its localization in the patient's intestine remains unknown. Here, we describe a mechanism by which gluten peptides undergo deamidation and concentration in the lysosomes of antigen-presenting cells, explaining how the concentration of gluten peptides necessary to elicit an inflammatory response in CeD patients is achieved. A ternary complex forms between a gluten peptide, transglutaminase-2 (TG2), and ubiquitous plasma protein α2-macroglobulin, and is endocytosed by LRP-1. The covalent TG2-peptide adduct undergoes endolysosomal decoupling, yielding the expected deamidated epitope. Our findings invoke a pathogenic role for dendritic cells and/or macrophages in CeD and implicate TG2 in the lysosomal clearance of unwanted self and foreign extracellular proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Loppinet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Harrison A Besser
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Agnele Sylvia Sewa
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Fu-Chen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bana Jabri
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chaitan Khosla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ting TY, Baharin A, Ramzi AB, Ng CL, Goh HH. Neprosin belongs to a new family of glutamic peptidase based on in silico evidence. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 183:23-35. [PMID: 35537348 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neprosin was first discovered in the insectivorous tropical pitcher plants of Nepenthes species as a novel protease with prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) activity. Neprosin has two uncharacterized domains of neprosin activation peptide and neprosin. A previous study has shown neprosin activity in hydrolyzing proline-rich gliadin, a gluten component that triggers celiac disease. In this study, we performed in silico structure-function analysis to investigate the catalytic mechanism of neprosin. Neprosin sequences lack the catalytic triad and motifs of PEP family S9. Protein structures of neprosins from Nepenthes × ventrata (NvNpr) and N. rafflesiana (NrNpr1) were generated by ab initio methods and comparatively assessed to obtain high-quality models. Structural alignment of models to experimental structures in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) found a high structural similarity to glutamic peptidases. Further investigations reveal other resemblances to the glutamic peptidases with low optimum pH that activates the enzyme via autoproteolysis for maturation. Two highly conserved glutamic acid residues, which are stable according to the molecular dynamics simulation, can be found at the active site of the substrate cleft. Protein docking demonstrated that mature neprosins bind well with potent antigen αI-gliadin at the putative active site. Taken together, neprosins represent a new glutamic peptidase family, with a putative catalytic dyad of two glutamic acids. This study illustrates a hypothetical enzymatic mechanism of the neprosin family and demonstrates the useful application of an accurate ab initio protein structure prediction in the structure-function study of a novel protein family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiew-Yik Ting
- Institute of Systems Biology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anis Baharin
- Institute of Systems Biology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Bazli Ramzi
- Institute of Systems Biology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chyan-Leong Ng
- Institute of Systems Biology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hoe-Han Goh
- Institute of Systems Biology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Song Y, Lee S, Bell D, Goudey B, Zhou R. Binding Affinity Calculations of Gluten Peptides to HLA Risk Modifiers: DQ2.5 versus DQ7.5. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:5151-5160. [PMID: 35796490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Free energy perturbation (FEP) calculations can predict relative binding affinities of an antigen and its point mutants to the same human leukocyte antigen (HLA) with high accuracy (e.g., within 1.0 kcal/mol to experiment); however, a more challenging task is to compare binding affinities of wholly different antigens binding to completely different HLAs using FEP. Researchers have used a variety of different FEP schemes to compute and compare absolute binding affinities, with varied success. Here, we propose and assess a unifying scheme to compute the relative binding affinities of different antigens binding to completely different HLAs using absolute binding affinity FEP calculations. We apply our affinity calculation technique to HLA-antigen-T-cell receptor (TCR) systems relevant to celiac disease (CeD) by investigating binding affinity differences between HLA-DQ2.5 (enhanced CeD risk) and HLA-DQ7.5 (CeD protective) in the binary (HLA-gliadin) and ternary (HLA-gliadin-TCR) binding complexes for three gliadin derived epitopes: glia-α1, glia-α2, and glia-ω1. Based on FEP calculations with our carefully designed thermodynamic cycles, we demonstrate that HLA-DQ2.5 has higher binding affinity than HLA-DQ7.5 for gliadin and enhanced binding affinity with a common TCR, agreeing with known results that the HLA-DQ2.5 serotype exhibits increased risk for CeD. Our findings reveal that our proposed absolute binding affinity FEP method is appropriate for predicting HLA binding for disparate antigens with different genotypes. We also discuss atomic-level details of HLA genotypes interacting with gluten peptides and TCRs in regard to the pathogenesis of CeD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Song
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Physics, and Institute of Quantitative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sangyun Lee
- Computational Biology Center, IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
| | - David Bell
- Computational Biology Center, IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
| | - Benjamin Goudey
- School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Physics, and Institute of Quantitative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Computational Biology Center, IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Amnuaycheewa P, Abdelmoteleb M, Wise J, Bohle B, Ferreira F, Tetteh AO, Taylor SL, Goodman RE. Development of a Sequence Searchable Database of Celiac Disease-Associated Peptides and Proteins for Risk Assessment of Novel Food Proteins. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:900573. [PMID: 35769554 PMCID: PMC9234867 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.900573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune enteropathy induced by prolamin and glutelin proteins in wheat, barley, rye, and triticale recognized by genetically restricted major histocompatibility (MHC) receptors. Patients with CeD must avoid consuming these proteins. Regulators in Europe and the United States expect an evaluation of CeD risks from proteins in genetically modified (GM) crops or novel foods for wheat-related proteins. Our database includes evidence-based causative peptides and proteins and two amino acid sequence comparison tools for CeD risk assessment. Sequence entries are based on the review of published studies of specific gluten-reactive T cell activation or intestinal epithelial toxicity. The initial database in 2012 was updated in 2018 and 2022. The current database holds 1,041 causative peptides and 76 representative proteins. The FASTA sequence comparison of 76 representative CeD proteins provides an insurance for possible unreported epitopes. Validation was conducted using protein homologs from Pooideae and non-Pooideae monocots, dicots, and non-plant proteins. Criteria for minimum percent identity and maximum E-scores are guidelines. Exact matches to any of the 1,041 peptides suggest risks, while FASTA alignment to the 76 CeD proteins suggests possible risks. Matched proteins should be tested further by CeD-specific CD4/8+ T cell assays or in vivo challenges before their use in foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Plaimein Amnuaycheewa
- Department of Agro-Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - John Wise
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program (FARRP), Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Barbara Bohle
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunomodulation, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Steve L. Taylor
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program (FARRP), Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Richard E. Goodman
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program (FARRP), Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Richard E. Goodman
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ishigaki K, Lagattuta KA, Luo Y, James EA, Buckner JH, Raychaudhuri S. HLA autoimmune risk alleles restrict the hypervariable region of T cell receptors. Nat Genet 2022; 54:393-402. [PMID: 35332318 PMCID: PMC9010379 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes strongly influence autoimmune disease risk. HLA risk alleles may influence thymic selection to increase the frequency of T cell receptors (TCRs) reactive to autoantigens (central hypothesis). However, research in human autoimmunity has provided little evidence supporting the central hypothesis. Here we investigated the influence of HLA alleles on TCR composition at the highly diverse complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3), which confers antigen recognition. We observed unexpectedly strong HLA-CDR3 associations. The strongest association was found at HLA-DRB1 amino acid position 13, the position that mediates genetic risk for multiple autoimmune diseases. We identified multiple CDR3 amino acid features enriched by HLA risk alleles. Moreover, the CDR3 features promoted by the HLA risk alleles are more enriched in candidate pathogenic TCRs than control TCRs (for example, citrullinated epitope-specific TCRs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis). Together, these results provide genetic evidence supporting the central hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Ishigaki
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Laboratory for Human Immunogenetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kaitlyn A Lagattuta
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yang Luo
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eddie A James
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ciacchi L, Reid HH, Rossjohn J. Structural bases of T cell antigen receptor recognition in celiac disease. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 74:102349. [PMID: 35272251 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-linked autoimmune-like disorder that is triggered by the ingestion of gluten or related storage proteins. The majority of CeD patients are HLA-DQ2.5+, with the remainder being either HLA-DQ8+ or HLA-DQ2.2+. Structural studies have shown how deamidation of gluten epitopes engenders binding to HLA-DQ2.5/8, which then triggers an aberrant CD4+ T cell response. HLA tetramer studies, combined with structural investigations, have demonstrated that repeated patterns of TCR usage underpins the immune response to some HLADQ2.5/8 restricted gluten epitopes, with distinct TCR motifs representing common landing pads atop the HLA-gluten complexes. Structural studies have provided insight into TCR specificity and cross-reactivity towards gluten epitopes, as well as cross-reactivity to bacterial homologues of gluten epitopes, suggesting that environmental factors may directly play a role in CeD pathogenesis. Collectively, structural immunology-based studies in the CeD axis may lead to new therapeutics/diagnostics to treat CeD, and also serve as an exemplar for other T cell mediated autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ciacchi
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Hugh H Reid
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The double-edged sword of gut bacteria in celiac disease and implications for therapeutic potential. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:235-243. [PMID: 35031683 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated disease, triggered by gluten ingestion, in genetically susceptible individuals. The gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only current treatment for CeD, but is difficult to follow, has high non-adherence rates, and does not always lead to symptomatic or mucosal remission. Microbially-mediated mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to disease pathogenesis, and clinical studies support an association, but mechanistic insight has been difficult to obtain. Recent advances using translational approaches have provided clues to the mechanisms through which bacteria could contribute to CeD pathogenesis. In this review we discuss these bacterially mediated mechanisms, which include the modulation of pathogenic or protective pathways. Targeting these pathways through microbial therapeutics could provide adjuvant therapies to the GFD.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ciacchi L, Farenc C, Dahal-Koirala S, Petersen J, Sollid LM, Reid HH, Rossjohn J. Structural basis of T cell receptor specificity and cross-reactivity of two HLA-DQ2.5-restricted gluten epitopes in celiac disease. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101619. [PMID: 35065967 PMCID: PMC8857473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease is a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory condition often characterized by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2.5 molecules presenting gluten epitopes derived from wheat, barley, and rye. Although some T cells exhibit cross-reactivity toward distinct gluten epitopes, the structural basis underpinning such cross-reactivity is unclear. Here, we investigated the T-cell receptor specificity and cross-reactivity of two immunodominant wheat gluten epitopes, DQ2.5-glia-α1a (PFPQPELPY) and DQ2.5-glia-ω1 (PFPQPEQPF). We show by surface plasmon resonance that a T-cell receptor alpha variable (TRAV) 4+-T-cell receptor beta variable (TRBV) 29-1+ TCR bound to HLA-DQ2.5-glia-α1a and HLA-DQ2.5-glia-ω1 with similar affinity, whereas a TRAV4- (TRAV9-2+) TCR recognized HLA-DQ2.5-glia-ω1 only. We further determined the crystal structures of the TRAV4+-TRBV29-1+ TCR bound to HLA-DQ2.5-glia-α1a and HLA-DQ2.5-glia-ω1, as well as the structure of an epitope-specific TRAV9-2+-TRBV7-3+ TCR-HLA-DQ2.5-glia-ω1 complex. We found that position 7 (p7) of the DQ2.5-glia-α1a and DQ2.5-glia-ω1 epitopes made very limited contacts with the TRAV4+ TCR, thereby explaining the TCR cross-reactivity across these two epitopes. In contrast, within the TRAV9-2+ TCR-HLA-DQ2.5-glia-ω1 ternary complex, the p7-Gln was situated in an electrostatic pocket formed by the hypervariable CDR3β loop of the TCR and Arg70β from HLA-DQ2.5, a polar network which would not be supported by the p7-Leu residue of DQ2.5-glia-α1a. In conclusion, we provide additional insights into the molecular determinants of TCR specificity and cross-reactivity to two closely-related epitopes in celiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ciacchi
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carine Farenc
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shiva Dahal-Koirala
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; K. G. Jebsen Centre for Coeliac Disease Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Petersen
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ludvig M Sollid
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; K. G. Jebsen Centre for Coeliac Disease Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hugh H Reid
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Qiu L, Song J, Zhang JZH. Computational Alanine Scanning Reveals Common Features of TCR/pMHC Recognition in HLA-DQ8-Associated Celiac Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2385:293-312. [PMID: 34888725 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1767-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In HLA-DQ8-associated celiac disease, Gliadin-γ1 or Gliadin-α1 peptide is presented to the cell surface and recognized by several types of T-cell receptor (TCR), but it is still unclear how the TCR, peptide, and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) act together to trigger celiac disease. For now, most of the analysis is based on static crystal structures. And the detailed information about these structures based on energetic interaction is still lacking. Here, we took four types of celiac disease-related MHC-peptide-TCR structures from three patients to perform computational alanine scanning calculations using the molecular mechanics generalized born surface area (MM/GBSA) approach combined with a recently developed interaction entropy (IE) method to identify the key residues on TCR, peptide, and MHC. Our study aims to shed some light on the interaction mechanism of this complex protein interaction system. Based on detailed computational analysis and mutational calculations, important binding interactions in these triple-interaction complexes are analyzed, and critical residues responsible for TCR/pMHC recognition pattern in HLA-DQ8-associated celiac disease are presented. These detailed analysis and computational result should help shed light on our understanding of the celiac disease and the development of the medical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linqiong Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Song
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - John Z H Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Amoriello R, Mariottini A, Ballerini C. Immunosenescence and Autoimmunity: Exploiting the T-Cell Receptor Repertoire to Investigate the Impact of Aging on Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:799380. [PMID: 34925384 PMCID: PMC8673061 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity is a determining factor for the immune system capability in fighting infections and preventing autoimmunity. During life, the TCR repertoire diversity progressively declines as a physiological aging progress. The investigation of TCR repertoire dynamics over life represents a powerful tool unraveling the impact of immunosenescence in health and disease. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating, inflammatory, T-cell mediated autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System in which age is crucial: it is the most widespread neurological disease among young adults and, furthermore, patients age may impact on MS progression and treatments outcome. Crossing knowledge on the TCR repertoire dynamics over MS patients' life is fundamental to investigate disease mechanisms, and the advent of high- throughput sequencing (HTS) has significantly increased our knowledge on the topic. Here we report an overview of current literature about the impact of immunosenescence and age-related TCR dynamics variation in autoimmunity, including MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Amoriello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica (DMSC), Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Mariottini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Clara Ballerini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica (DMSC), Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ayaki M, Manabe N, Fujita M, Katsumata R, Nakamura J, Kamada T, Murota M, Inoue K, Haruma K. Prevalence of Autoimmune Disease in Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Cross-sectional Study of Three Hospitals in Japan. Intern Med 2021; 60:3525-3531. [PMID: 34024859 PMCID: PMC8666211 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7389-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recent studies have found higher rates of autoimmune diseases, such as celiac disease, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis, in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) than in the general population. This study investigated the concomitant rate of autoimmune disease among Japanese patients with EoE and evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of EoE patients with autoimmune disease. Methods The medical records of patients diagnosed with EoE between April 1, 2016, and June 30, 2020, were reviewed. We analyzed the concomitant rate of autoimmune diseases in patients with EoE and compared the clinical and histological differences between patients with and without autoimmune disease. Results Sixty-four patients with EoE were enrolled. Of them, 1 had ulcerative colitis (1.6%), 1 had autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 (1.6%), and 6 had endometriosis (28.5% of women, 44.4% of reproductive-aged women). No significant differences in the clinical course or histological findings were found between EoE patients with and without autoimmune diseases. No complications, including stenosis, were seen in EoE with autoimmune disease, and most patients with EoE and autoimmune diseases were responsive to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Conclusion In this study, 8 out of 64 patients with EoE had an autoimmune-related disease, including ulcerative colitis (n=1, 1.6%), autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 (n=1, 1.6%), or endometriosis (n=6, 44.4% of women of reproductive age), which is higher than that previously reported in the general population. Further investigations are required to clarify the relationship between EoE and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Ayaki
- Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Noriaki Manabe
- Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Minoru Fujita
- Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Ryo Katsumata
- Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Jun Nakamura
- Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomoari Kamada
- Department of Health Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Masayuki Murota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sakaide City Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Ken Haruma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Verdu EF, Schuppan D. Co-factors, Microbes, and Immunogenetics in Celiac Disease to Guide Novel Approaches for Diagnosis and Treatment. Gastroenterology 2021; 161:1395-1411.e4. [PMID: 34416277 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is a frequent immune-mediated disease that affects not only the small intestine but also many extraintestinal sites. The role of gluten proteins as dietary triggers, HLA-DQ2 or -DQ8 as major necessary genetic predisposition, and tissue transglutaminase (TG2) as mechanistically involved autoantigen, are unique features of CeD. Recent research implicates many cofactors working in synergism with these key triggers, including the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites, nongluten dietary triggers, intestinal barrier defects, novel immune cell phenotypes, and mediators and cytokines. In addition, apart from HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8, multiple and complex predisposing genetic factors and interactions have been defined, most of which overlap with predispositions in other, usually autoimmune, diseases that are linked to CeD. The resultant better understanding of CeD pathogenesis, and its manifold manifestations has already paved the way for novel therapeutic approaches beyond the lifelong strict gluten-free diet, which poses a burden to patients and often does not lead to complete mucosal healing. Thus, supported by improved mouse models for CeD and in vitro organoid cultures, several targeted therapies are in phase 2-3 clinical studies, such as highly effective gluten-degrading oral enzymes, inhibition of TG2, cytokine therapies, induction of tolerance to gluten ingestion, along with adjunctive and preventive approaches using beneficial probiotics and micronutrients. These developments are supported by novel noninvasive markers of CeD severity and activity that may be used as companion diagnostics, allow easy-to perform and reliable monitoring of patients, and finally support personalized therapy for CeD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena F Verdu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology,Research Center for Immune Therapy and Celiac Center, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lauxmann MA, Vazquez DS, Schilbert HM, Neubauer PR, Lammers KM, Dodero VI. From celiac disease to coccidia infection and vice-versa: The polyQ peptide CXCR3-interaction axis. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100101. [PMID: 34705290 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Zonulin is a physiological modulator of intercellular tight junctions, which upregulation is involved in several diseases like celiac disease (CeD). The polyQ gliadin fragment binds to the CXCR3 chemokine receptor that activates zonulin upregulation, leading to increased intestinal permeability in humans. Here, we report a general hypothesis based on the structural connection between the polyQ sequence of the immunogenic CeD protein, gliadin, and enteric coccidian parasites proteins. Firstly, a novel interaction pathway between the parasites and the host is described based on the structural similarities between polyQ gliadin fragments and the parasite proteins. Secondly, a potential connection between coccidial infections as a novel environmental trigger of CeD is hypothesized. Therefore, this report represents a promising breakthrough for coccidian research and points out the potential role of coccidian parasites as a novel trigger of CeD that might define a preventive strategy for gluten-related disorders in general. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/oMaQasStcFI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Lauxmann
- Institute for Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane, Germany.,Department of Nephrology, Campus Clinic Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane, Germany
| | - Diego S Vazquez
- Grupo de Biología Estructural y Biotecnología (GBEyB-IMBICE), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hanna M Schilbert
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry OCIII, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld, Germany.,Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) & Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Pia R Neubauer
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry OCIII, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Veronica I Dodero
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry OCIII, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Halstead-Nussloch G, Tanaka T, Copetti D, Paape T, Kobayashi F, Hatakeyama M, Kanamori H, Wu J, Mascher M, Kawaura K, Shimizu KK, Handa H. Multiple Wheat Genomes Reveal Novel Gli-2 Sublocus Location and Variation of Celiac Disease Epitopes in Duplicated α-Gliadin Genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:715985. [PMID: 34539709 PMCID: PMC8446623 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.715985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The seed protein α-gliadin is a major component of wheat flour and causes gluten-related diseases. However, due to the complexity of this multigene family with a genome structure composed of dozens of copies derived from tandem and genome duplications, little was known about the variation between accessions, and thus little effort has been made to explicitly target α-gliadin for bread wheat breeding. Here, we analyzed genomic variation in α-gliadins across 11 recently published chromosome-scale assemblies of hexaploid wheat, with validation using long-read data. We unexpectedly found that the Gli-B2 locus is not a single contiguous locus but is composed of two subloci, suggesting the possibility of recombination between the two during breeding. We confirmed that the number of immunogenic epitopes among 11 accessions varied. The D subgenome of a European spelt line also contained epitopes, in agreement with its hybridization history. Evolutionary analysis identified amino acid sites under diversifying selection, suggesting their functional importance. The analysis opens the way for improved grain quality and safety through wheat breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwyneth Halstead-Nussloch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanaka
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Dario Copetti
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timothy Paape
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | - Fuminori Kobayashi
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masaomi Hatakeyama
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hiroyuki Kanamori
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Martin Mascher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kanako Kawaura
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kentaro K. Shimizu
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Handa
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abualrous ET, Sticht J, Freund C. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II proteins: impact of polymorphism on antigen presentation. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 70:95-104. [PMID: 34052735 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci are amongst the most polymorphic regions in the genomes of vertebrates. In the human population, thousands of MHC gene variants (alleles) exist that translate into distinct allotypes equipped with overlapping but unique peptide binding profiles. Understanding the differential structural and dynamic properties of MHC alleles and their interaction with critical regulators of peptide exchange bears the potential for more personalized strategies of immune modulation in the context of HLA-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esam T Abualrous
- Protein Biochemistry, Institute for Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Sticht
- Protein Biochemistry, Institute for Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Freund
- Protein Biochemistry, Institute for Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Görög A, Antiga E, Caproni M, Cianchini G, De D, Dmochowski M, Dolinsek J, Drenovska K, Feliciani C, Hervonen K, Lakos Jukic I, Kinyó Á, Koltai T, Korponay-Szabó I, Marzano AV, Patsatsi A, Rose C, Salmi T, Schmidt E, Setterfield J, Shahid M, Sitaru C, Uzun S, Valitutti F, Vassileva S, Yayli S, Sárdy M. S2k guidelines (consensus statement) for diagnosis and therapy of dermatitis herpetiformis initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1251-1277. [PMID: 34004067 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic, pruritic, gluten-induced skin disorder characterized by subepidermal granular IgA deposition and a variable degree of enteropathy identical to that seen in coeliac disease. So far, there has been no European consensus about the management of DH. METHODS The guidelines were created by small subgroups of a guideline committee consisting of 26 specialists from various medical fields and one patients' representative. The members of the committee then discussed the guidelines and voted for the final version at two consensus meetings. The guidelines were developed under the support of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) and in collaboration with the European Dermatology Forum (EDF). RESULTS The guidelines summarize evidence-based and expert-based recommendations (S2 level) for the management of DH (see Appendix). CONCLUSION These guidelines will improve the quality of management of DH and support dermatologists in their diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Görög
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Antiga
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Caproni
- Rare Diseases Unit, Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, USL Toscana Centro, European Reference Network-Skin Member, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Cianchini
- Department of Dermatology, Cristo Re Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - D De
- Department of Dermatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - M Dmochowski
- Autoimmune Blistering Dermatoses Section, Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - J Dolinsek
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.,Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - K Drenovska
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - C Feliciani
- Dermatology Unit Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - K Hervonen
- Coeliac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Dermatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - I Lakos Jukic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Á Kinyó
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - T Koltai
- Association of European Coeliac Societies, Brussels, Belgium.,Hungarian Coeliac Society, Budapest, Hungary
| | - I Korponay-Szabó
- Coeliac Disease Centre, Heim Pál National Paediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Paediatrics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - A V Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Patsatsi
- Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Unit, 2nd Dermatology Department, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - C Rose
- Dermatopathology Laboratory, Lübeck, Germany.,German Coeliac Disease Society e. V., Stuttgart, Germany
| | - T Salmi
- Coeliac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Dermatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - E Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - J Setterfield
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Shahid
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - C Sitaru
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Uzun
- Department of Dermatology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - F Valitutti
- Pediatric Unit, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - S Vassileva
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - S Yayli
- Department of Dermatology, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - M Sárdy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of LMU, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gao J, Du H, Zhou Z, Liang Z, Liang H, Zhang P, Wei X, Liu S, Fu L, Wang Y, Che H, Xue W, Xin F, Yang D. Thermal and Acidic Treatments of Gluten Epitopes Affect Their Recognition by HLA-DQ2 in silico. Front Nutr 2021; 8:647750. [PMID: 34095188 PMCID: PMC8169964 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.647750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a prevalent disorder with autoimmune features. Dietary exposure of wheat gluten (including gliadins and glutenins) to the small intestine activates the gluten-reactive CD4+ T cells and controls the disease development. While the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is the single most important genetic factor of this polygenic disorder, HLA-DQ2 recognition of gluten is the major biological step among patients with CD. Gluten epitopes are often rich in Pro and share similar primary sequences. Here, we simulated the solution structures changes of a variety of gluten epitopes under different pH and temperatures, to mimic the fermentation and baking/cooking processes. Based on the crystal structure of HLA-DQ2, binding of differently processed gluten epitopes to DQ2 was studied in silico. This study revealed that heating and pH change during the fermentation process impact the solution structure of gluten epitope. However, binding of differently treated gluten epitope peptide (GEP) to HLA-DQ2 mainly depended on its primary amino acid sequence, especially acidic amino acid residues that play a pivotal role in their recognition by HLA-DQ2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haolan Du
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zekun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxin Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongrui Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - PeiAo Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wei
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shujun Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linglin Fu
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huilian Che
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wentong Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjiao Xin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Xiao X, Hu S, Lai X, Peng J, Lai W. Developmental trend of immunoassays for monitoring hazards in food samples: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
30
|
Bakker OB, Ramírez-Sánchez AD, Borek ZA, de Klein N, Li Y, Modderman R, Kooy-Winkelaar Y, Johannesen MK, Matarese F, Martens JHA, Kumar V, van Bergen J, Qiao SW, Lundin KEA, Sollid LM, Koning F, Wijmenga C, Withoff S, Jonkers IH. Potential impact of celiac disease genetic risk factors on T cell receptor signaling in gluten-specific CD4+ T cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9252. [PMID: 33927210 PMCID: PMC8085175 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease is an auto-immune disease in which an immune response to dietary gluten leads to inflammation and subsequent atrophy of small intestinal villi, causing severe bowel discomfort and malabsorption of nutrients. The major instigating factor for the immune response in celiac disease is the activation of gluten-specific CD4+ T cells expressing T cell receptors that recognize gluten peptides presented in the context of HLA-DQ2 and DQ8. Here we provide an in-depth characterization of 28 gluten-specific T cell clones. We assess their transcriptional and epigenetic response to T cell receptor stimulation and link this to genetic factors associated with celiac disease. Gluten-specific T cells have a distinct transcriptional profile that mostly resembles that of Th1 cells but also express cytokines characteristic of other types of T-helper cells. This transcriptional response appears not to be regulated by changes in chromatin state, but rather by early upregulation of transcription factors and non-coding RNAs that likely orchestrate the subsequent activation of genes that play a role in immune pathways. Finally, integration of chromatin and transcription factor binding profiles suggest that genes activated by T cell receptor stimulation of gluten‑specific T cells may be impacted by genetic variation at several genetic loci associated with celiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier B Bakker
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aarón D Ramírez-Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Zuzanna A Borek
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niek de Klein
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger Modderman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Kooy-Winkelaar
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie K Johannesen
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Filomena Matarese
- Department of Molecular Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Jeroen van Bergen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shuo-Wang Qiao
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut E A Lundin
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludvig M Sollid
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frits Koning
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sebo Withoff
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris H Jonkers
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Contribution of Infectious Agents to the Development of Celiac Disease. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030547. [PMID: 33800833 PMCID: PMC8001938 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ingestion of wheat gliadin (alcohol-soluble proteins, an integral part of wheat gluten) and related proteins induce, in genetically predisposed individuals, celiac disease (CD), which is characterized by immune-mediated impairment of the small intestinal mucosa. The lifelong omission of gluten and related grain proteins, i.e., a gluten-free diet (GFD), is at present the only therapy for CD. Although a GFD usually reduces CD symptoms, it does not entirely restore the small intestinal mucosa to a fully healthy state. Recently, the participation of microbial components in pathogenetic mechanisms of celiac disease was suggested. The present review provides information on infectious diseases associated with CD and the putative role of infections in CD development. Moreover, the involvement of the microbiota as a factor contributing to pathological changes in the intestine is discussed. Attention is paid to the mechanisms by which microbes and their components affect mucosal immunity, including tolerance to food antigens. Modulation of microbiota composition and function and the potential beneficial effects of probiotics in celiac disease are discussed.
Collapse
|
32
|
Society for the Study of Celiac Disease position statement on gaps and opportunities in coeliac disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:875-884. [PMID: 34526700 PMCID: PMC8441249 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00511-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Progress has been made in understanding coeliac disease, a relatively frequent and underappreciated immune-mediated condition that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. However, several gaps remain in knowledge related to diagnosis and management. The gluten-free diet, currently the only available management, is not curative or universally effective (some adherent patients have ongoing duodenal injury). Unprecedented numbers of emerging therapies, including some with novel tolerogenic mechanisms, are currently being investigated in clinical trials. In March 2020, the Celiac Disease Foundation and the Society for the Study of Celiac Disease convened a consensus workshop to identify high-yield areas of research that should be prioritized. Workshop participants included leading experts in clinical practice, academia, government and pharmaceutical development, as well as representatives from patient support groups in North America. This Roadmap summarizes key advances in the field of coeliac disease and provides information on important discussions from the consensus approach to address gaps and opportunities related to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of coeliac disease. The morbidity of coeliac disease is often underestimated, which has led to an unmet need to improve the management of these patients. Expanded research funding is needed as coeliac disease is a potentially curable disease.
Collapse
|
33
|
Olshan KL, Leonard MM, Serena G, Zomorrodi AR, Fasano A. Gut microbiota in Celiac Disease: microbes, metabolites, pathways and therapeutics. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:1075-1092. [PMID: 33103934 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1840354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current evidence supports a vital role of the microbiota on health outcomes, with alterations in an otherwise healthy balance linked to chronic medical conditions like celiac disease (CD). Recent advances in microbiome analysis allow for unparalleled profiling of the microbes and metabolites. With the growing volume of data available, trends are emerging that support a role for the gut microbiota in CD pathogenesis. AREAS COVERED In this article, the authors review the relationship between factors such as genes and antibiotic exposure on CD onset and the intestinal microbiota. The authors also review other microbiota within the human body (like the oropharynx) that may play a role in CD pathogenesis. Finally, the authors discuss implications for disease modification and the ultimate goal of prevention. The authors reviewed literature from PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. EXPERT OPINION CD serves as a unique opportunity to explore the role of the intestinal microbiota on the development of chronic autoimmune disease. While research to date provides a solid foundation, most studies have been case-control and thus do not have capacity to explore the mechanistic role of the microbiota in CD onset. Further longitudinal studies and integrated multi-omics are necessary for investigating CD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Olshan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maureen M Leonard
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gloria Serena
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali R Zomorrodi
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA.,European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS) , Salerno, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Falcigno L, Calvanese L, Conte M, Nanayakkara M, Barone MV, D’Auria G. Structural Perspective of Gliadin Peptides Active in Celiac Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9301. [PMID: 33291297 PMCID: PMC7731278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluten fragments released in gut of celiac individuals activate the innate or adaptive immune systems. The molecular mechanisms associated with the adaptive response involve a series of immunodominant gluten peptides which are mainly recognized by human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2.5 and HLA-DQ8. Other peptides, such as A-gliadin P31-43, are not recognized by HLA and trigger innate responses by several routes not yet well detailed. Among the gluten fragments known to be active in Celiac disease, here we focus on the properties of all gluten peptides with known tri-dimensional structure either those locked into HLA-DQ complexes whose crystals were X-ray analyzed or characterized in solution as free forms. The aim of this work was to find the structural reasons why some gluten peptides prompt the adaptive immune systems while others do not, by apparently involving just the innate immune routes. We propose that P31-43 is a non-adaptive prompter because it is not a good ligand for HLA-DQ. Even sharing a similar ability to adopt polyproline II structure with the adaptive ones, the way in which the proline residues are located along the sequence disfavors a productive P31-43-HLA-DQ binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Falcigno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luisa Calvanese
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy;
| | - Mariangela Conte
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (M.N.); (M.V.B.)
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Merlin Nanayakkara
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (M.N.); (M.V.B.)
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Barone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (M.N.); (M.V.B.)
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella D’Auria
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Koşaloğlu-Yalçın Z, Sidney J, Chronister W, Peters B, Sette A. Comparison of HLA ligand elution data and binding predictions reveals varying prediction performance for the multiple motifs recognized by HLA-DQ2.5. Immunology 2020; 162:235-247. [PMID: 33064841 PMCID: PMC7808151 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding prediction tools are commonly used to identify peptides presented on MHC class II molecules. Recently, a wealth of data in the form of naturally eluted ligands has become available and discrepancies between ligand elution data and binding predictions have been reported. Quantitative metrics for such comparisons are currently lacking. In this study, we assessed how efficiently MHC class II binding predictions can identify naturally eluted peptides, and investigated instances with discrepancies between the two methods in detail. We found that, in general, MHC class II eluted ligands are predicted to bind to their reported restriction element with high affinity. But, for several studies reporting an increased number of ligands that were not predicted to bind, we found that the reported MHC restriction was ambiguous. Additional analyses determined that most of the ligands predicted to not bind, are predicted to bind other co‐expressed MHC class II molecules. For selected alleles, we addressed discrepancies between elution data and binding predictions by experimental measurements and found that predicted and measured affinities correlate well. For DQA1*05:01/DQB1*02:01 (DQ2.5) however, binding predictions did miss several peptides that were determined experimentally to be binders. For these peptides and several known DQ2.5 binders, we determined key residues for conferring DQ2.5 binding capacity, which revealed that DQ2.5 utilizes two different binding motifs, of which only one is predicted effectively. These findings have important implications for the interpretation of ligand elution data and for the improvement of MHC class II binding predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John Sidney
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Bjoern Peters
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhao LP, Papadopoulos GK, Kwok WW, Moustakas AK, Bondinas GP, Carlsson A, Elding Larsson H, Ludvigsson J, Marcus C, Samuelsson U, Wang R, Pyo CW, Nelson WC, Geraghty DE, Lernmark Å. Next-Generation HLA Sequence Analysis Uncovers Seven HLA-DQ Amino Acid Residues and Six Motifs Resistant to Childhood Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2020; 69:2523-2535. [PMID: 32868339 PMCID: PMC7576571 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genes have significant and potentially causal associations with autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). To follow up on the earlier analysis on high-risk HLA-DQ2.5 and DQ8.1, the current analysis uncovers seven residues (αa1, α157, α196, β9, β30, β57, and β70) that are resistant to T1D among subjects with DQ4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-resistant DQ haplotypes. These 7 residues form 13 common motifs: 6 motifs are significantly resistant, 6 motifs have modest or no associations (P values >0.05), and 1 motif has 7 copies observed among control subjects only. The motifs "DAAFYDG," "DAAYHDG," and "DAAYYDR" have significant resistance to T1D (odds ratios [ORs] 0.03, 0.25, and 0.18; P = 6.11 × 10-24, 3.54 × 10-15, and 1.03 × 10-21, respectively). Remarkably, a change of a single residue from the motif "DAAYHDG" to "DAAYHSG" (D to S at β57) alters the resistance potential, from resistant motif (OR 0.15; P = 3.54 × 10-15) to a neutral motif (P = 0.183), the change of which was significant (Fisher P value = 0.0065). The extended set of linked residues associated with T1D resistance and unique to each cluster of HLA-DQ haplotypes represents facets of all known features and functions of these molecules: antigenic peptide binding, peptide-MHC class II complex stability, β167-169 RGD loop, T-cell receptor binding, formation of homodimer of α-β heterodimers, and cholesterol binding in the cell membrane rafts. Identification of these residues is a novel understanding of resistant DQ associations with T1D. Our analyses endow potential molecular approaches to identify immunological mechanisms that control disease susceptibility or resistance to provide novel targets for immunotherapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lue Ping Zhao
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - George K Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Biochemistry, Biomaterials and Bioprocessing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Arta, Greece
| | - William W Kwok
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA
| | - Antonis K Moustakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Environment, Ionian University, Argostoli, Cephalonia, Greece
| | - George P Bondinas
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Biochemistry, Biomaterials and Bioprocessing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Arta, Greece
| | | | - Helena Elding Larsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital and Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Claude Marcus
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Samuelsson
- Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital and Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ruihan Wang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Chul-Woo Pyo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Wyatt C Nelson
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Daniel E Geraghty
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Åke Lernmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ding Y, Ting JP, Liu J, Al-Azzam S, Pandya P, Afshar S. Impact of non-proteinogenic amino acids in the discovery and development of peptide therapeutics. Amino Acids 2020; 52:1207-1226. [PMID: 32945974 PMCID: PMC7544725 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
With the development of modern chemistry and biology, non-proteinogenic amino acids (NPAAs) have become a powerful tool for developing peptide-based drug candidates. Drug-like properties of peptidic medicines, due to the smaller size and simpler structure compared to large proteins, can be changed fundamentally by introducing NPAAs in its sequence. While peptides composed of natural amino acids can be used as drug candidates, the majority have shown to be less stable in biological conditions. The impact of NPAA incorporation can be extremely beneficial in improving the stability, potency, permeability, and bioavailability of peptide-based therapies. Conversely, undesired effects such as toxicity or immunogenicity should also be considered. The impact of NPAAs in the development of peptide-based therapeutics is reviewed in this article. Further, numerous examples of peptides containing NPAAs are presented to highlight the ongoing development in peptide-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ding
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Joey Paolo Ting
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Jinsha Liu
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Shams Al-Azzam
- Professional Scientific Services, Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories, Lancaster, PA, 17605, USA
| | - Priyanka Pandya
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Sepideh Afshar
- Protein Engineering, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Song P, Hou Z, Sukumar S, Herman RA. Template-based peptide modeling for celiac risk assessment of newly expressed proteins in GM crops. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 116:104715. [PMID: 32619636 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Newly expressed proteins in genetically modified (GM) crops are subject to celiac disease risk assessment according to EFSA guidelines. Amino acid identity matches between short peptides (9aa) and known celiac restricted epitopes are required to be further evaluated through peptide modeling; however, validated methods and criteria are not yet available. In this investigation, several structures of HLA-DQ2.5/peptide/TCR (T-cell receptor) complexes were analyzed and two template-based peptide molding software packages were evaluated using various peptides including ones not associated with celiac disease. Structural characterization indicates that residues at P(position)1, P2, P5, P8, and P9 in the 9aa restricted epitopes also contribute to the binding of celiac peptides to the HLA-DQ2.5 antigen in addition to the presence of the motif Q/EX1PX2 starting at P4 or P6. The recognition of the HLA-DQ2.5/peptide complex by TCR is through specific interactions between the residues in the restricted epitopes and some loop structures in the TCR. The template-based software package GalaxyPepDock seems to be suitable for the application of peptide modeling when an estimated accuracy value of >0.95 combined with >160 interaction similarity score are used as a threshold for biologically meaningful in silico binding. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when applying peptide modeling to celiac disease risk assessment until methods are rigorously validated and further evaluated to demonstrate its value in the risk assessment of newly expressed proteins in GM crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Song
- Corteva Agriscience™, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268, United States.
| | - Zhenglin Hou
- Corteva Agriscience™, 8325 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131, United States
| | - Shravan Sukumar
- Corteva Agriscience™, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268, United States
| | - Rod A Herman
- Corteva Agriscience™, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jin Y, Blikslager AT. The Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier by Myosin Light Chain Kinase/Rho Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103550. [PMID: 32443411 PMCID: PMC7278945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelial apical junctional complex, which includes tight and adherens junctions, contributes to the intestinal barrier function via their role in regulating paracellular permeability. Myosin light chain II (MLC-2), has been shown to be a critical regulatory protein in altering paracellular permeability during gastrointestinal disorders. Previous studies have demonstrated that phosphorylation of MLC-2 is a biochemical marker for perijunctional actomyosin ring contraction, which increases paracellular permeability by regulating the apical junctional complex. The phosphorylation of MLC-2 is dominantly regulated by myosin light chain kinase- (MLCK-) and Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase- (ROCK-) mediated pathways. In this review, we aim to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the role of MLCK- and ROCK-mediated pathways in the regulation of the intestinal barrier during normal homeostasis and digestive diseases. Additionally, we will also suggest potential therapeutic targeting of MLCK- and ROCK-associated pathways in gastrointestinal disorders that compromise the intestinal barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Younggeon Jin
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Anthony T. Blikslager
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Taimoory SM, Twum K, Dashti M, Pan F, Lahtinen M, Rissanen K, Puttreddy R, Trant JF, Beyeh NK. Bringing a Molecular Plus One: Synergistic Binding Creates Guest-Mediated Three-Component Complexes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5884-5894. [PMID: 32174116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cethyl-2-methylresorcinarene (A), pyridine (B), and a set of 10 carboxylic acids (Cn) associate to form A·B·Cn ternary assemblies with 1:1:1 stoichiometry, representing a useful class of ternary systems where the guest mediates complex formation between the host and a third component. Although individually weak in solution, the combined strength of the multiple noncovalent interactions organizes the complexes even in a highly hydrogen-bond competing methanol solution, as explored by both experimental and computational methods. The interactions between A·B and Cn are dependent on the pKa values of carboxylic acids. The weak interactions between A and C further reinforce the interactions between A and B, demonstrating positive cooperativity. Our results reveal that the two-component system such as that formed by A and B can form the basis for the development of specific sensors for the molecular recognition of carboxylic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Maryamdokht Taimoory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Kwaku Twum
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, Michigan 48309-4479, United States
| | - Mohadeseh Dashti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Fangfang Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Luoyu Road 152, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Manu Lahtinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.,Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - John F Trant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, Michigan 48309-4479, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jouanin A, Gilissen LJWJ, Schaart JG, Leigh FJ, Cockram J, Wallington EJ, Boyd LA, van den Broeck HC, van der Meer IM, America AHP, Visser RGF, Smulders MJM. CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing of Gluten in Wheat to Reduce Gluten Content and Exposure-Reviewing Methods to Screen for Coeliac Safety. Front Nutr 2020; 7:51. [PMID: 32391373 PMCID: PMC7193451 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ingestion of gluten proteins (gliadins and glutenins) from wheat, barley and rye can cause coeliac disease (CD) in genetically predisposed individuals. The only remedy is a strict and lifelong gluten-free diet. There is a growing desire for coeliac-safe, whole-grain wheat-based products, as consumption of whole-grain foods reduces the risk of chronic diseases. However, due to the large number of gluten genes and the complexity of the wheat genome, wheat that is coeliac-safe but retains baking quality cannot be produced by conventional breeding alone. CD is triggered by immunogenic epitopes, notably those present in α-, γ-, and ω-gliadins. RNA interference (RNAi) silencing has been used to down-regulate gliadin families. Recently, targeted gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 has been applied to gliadins. These methods produce offspring with silenced, deleted, and/or edited gliadins, that overall may reduce the exposure of patients to CD epitopes. Here we review methods to efficiently screen and select the lines from gliadin gene editing programs for CD epitopes at the DNA and protein level, for baking quality, and ultimately in clinical trials. The application of gene editing for the production of coeliac-safe wheat is further considered within the context of food production and in view of current national and international regulatory frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelie Jouanin
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- John Bingham Laboratory, NIAB, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Luud J. W. J. Gilissen
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan G. Schaart
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Fiona J. Leigh
- John Bingham Laboratory, NIAB, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James Cockram
- John Bingham Laboratory, NIAB, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lesley A. Boyd
- John Bingham Laboratory, NIAB, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - A. H. P. America
- Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang Q, Tang Y, Yang Y, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li L, Wang Q, Ming J. Interaction between wheat gliadin and quercetin under different pH conditions analyzed by multi-spectroscopy methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 229:117937. [PMID: 31865099 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been known to have significant binding affinity for proteins, and the specific condition (such as pH) could affect the degree of binding, the formation of covalent bond, and non-covalent interaction. In this study, characteristics of binding quercetin (Q) to wheat gliadin (G) which is a strong food allergen, were studied from pH 2.0 to pH 9.0. The results showed that Q quenched the fluorescence intensity of G by dynamic and static quenching modes and the stoichiometry of binding was close to 1. Intermolecular binding distances were smaller than 8 nm. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that hydrophobic force took charge of the formation of complexes at pH 2.0-4.0, whereas hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces at pH 5.0-9.0. Analyses of the Fourier transform infrared and the Raman spectra along with synchronous fluorescence spectra revealed secondary and tertiary structural alterations and microenvironmental changed around protein fluorophores upon complexation with Q. The gauche-gauche-trans conformation increased at the expenses of the gauche-gauche-gauche conformation and the transition from β-turn and random coil to α-helix and β-sheet at pH 5.0 might decrease the allergenicity of G. These results provided new insights into G/Q interactions at different pH values, which may have potentials in decreasing allergen immunoreactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwan Tang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxuan Yang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichun Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ming
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li C, Huang R, Nie F, Li J, Zhu W, Shi X, Guo Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Zhang L, Chen L, Li R, Liu X, Zheng C, Zhang C, Ma RZ. Organization of the Addax Major Histocompatibility Complex Provides Insights Into Ruminant Evolution. Front Immunol 2020; 11:260. [PMID: 32161588 PMCID: PMC7053375 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruminants are critical as prey in transferring solar energy fixed by plants into carnivorous species, yet the genetic signature of the driving forces leading to the evolutionary success of the huge number of ruminant species remains largely unknown. Here we report a complete DNA map of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of the addax (Addax nasomaculatus) genome by sequencing a total of 47 overlapping BAC clones previously mapped to cover the MHC region. The addax MHC is composed of 3,224,151 nucleotides, harboring a total of 150 coding genes, 50 tRNA genes, and 14 non-coding RNA genes. The organization of addax MHC was found to be highly conserved to those of sheep and cattle, highlighted by a large piece of chromosome inversion that divided the MHC class II into IIa and IIb subregions. It is now highly possible that all of the ruminant species in the family of Bovidae carry the same chromosome inversion in the MHC region, inherited from a common ancestor of ruminants. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that DY, a ruminant-specific gene located at the boundary of the inversion and highly expressed in dendritic cells, was possibly evolved from DQ, with an estimated divergence time ~140 million years ago. Homology modeling showed that the overall predicted structure of addax DY was similar to that of HLA-DQ2. However, the pocket properties of P1, P4, P6, and P9, which were critical for antigen binding in the addax DY, showed certain distinctive features. Structural analysis suggested that the populations of peptide antigens presented by addax DY and HLA-DQ2 were quite diverse, which in theory could serve to promote microbial regulation in the rumen by ruminant species, contributing to enhanced grass utilization ability. In summary, the results of our study helped to enhance our understanding of the MHC evolution and provided additional supportive evidence to our previous hypothesis that an ancient chromosome inversion in the MHC region of the last common ancestor of ruminants may have contributed to the evolutionary success of current ruminants on our planet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaokun Li
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyuan Nie
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiujie Li
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limeng Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longxin Chen
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Runting Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies, Beijing Zoo, Beijing, China
| | - Changming Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies, Beijing Zoo, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies, Beijing Zoo, Beijing, China
| | - Runlin Z Ma
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Molecular Biology Laboratory of Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li D, Silvester JA, Crowley MJ, Yang JY, Alexopoulos AS, Xu Y, Zhan S, Wang T. Assessing the association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors use and celiac disease through drug adverse event reporting. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320904301. [PMID: 32071711 PMCID: PMC6997957 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320904301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jocelyn Anne Silvester
- Harvard Celiac Disease Research Program, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J Crowley
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeff Y Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Yang Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiansheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Campus Box 7453, 27599 Chapel Hill, NC 27515, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ting YT, Dahal-Koirala S, Kim HSK, Qiao SW, Neumann RS, Lundin KEA, Petersen J, Reid HH, Sollid LM, Rossjohn J. A molecular basis for the T cell response in HLA-DQ2.2 mediated celiac disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020. [PMID: 31974305 DOI: 10.1073/pnas1914308117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly homologous human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 molecules, HLA-DQ2.5 and HLA-DQ2.2, are implicated in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CeD) by presenting gluten peptides to CD4+ T cells. However, while HLA-DQ2.5 is strongly associated with disease, HLA-DQ2.2 is not, and the molecular basis underpinning this differential disease association is unresolved. We here provide structural evidence for how the single polymorphic residue (HLA-DQ2.5-Tyr22α and HLA-DQ2.2-Phe22α) accounts for HLA-DQ2.2 additionally requiring gluten epitopes possessing a serine at the P3 position of the peptide. In marked contrast to the biased T cell receptor (TCR) usage associated with HLA-DQ2.5-mediated CeD, we demonstrate with extensive single-cell sequencing that a diverse TCR repertoire enables recognition of the immunodominant HLA-DQ2.2-glut-L1 epitope. The crystal structure of two CeD patient-derived TCR in complex with HLA-DQ2.2 and DQ2.2-glut-L1 (PFSEQEQPV) revealed a docking strategy, and associated interatomic contacts, which was notably distinct from the structures of the TCR:HLA-DQ2.5:gliadin epitope complexes. Accordingly, while the molecular surfaces of the antigen-binding clefts of HLA-DQ2.5 and HLA-DQ2.2 are very similar, differences in the nature of the peptides presented translates to differences in responding T cell repertoires and the nature of engagement of the respective antigen-presenting molecules, which ultimately is associated with differing disease penetrance.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/chemistry
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Celiac Disease/genetics
- Celiac Disease/immunology
- Celiac Disease/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Glutens/chemistry
- Glutens/immunology
- Glutens/metabolism
- HLA-DQ Antigens/chemistry
- HLA-DQ Antigens/genetics
- HLA-DQ Antigens/metabolism
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Protein Binding
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian Ting
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Shiva Dahal-Koirala
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Coeliac Disease Research, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hui Shi Keshia Kim
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Shuo-Wang Qiao
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Coeliac Disease Research, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ralf S Neumann
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Coeliac Disease Research, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut E A Lundin
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Coeliac Disease Research, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Petersen
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Hugh H Reid
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ludvig M Sollid
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Coeliac Disease Research, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, CF14 4XN Cardiff, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
A molecular basis for the T cell response in HLA-DQ2.2 mediated celiac disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3063-3073. [PMID: 31974305 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1914308117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly homologous human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 molecules, HLA-DQ2.5 and HLA-DQ2.2, are implicated in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CeD) by presenting gluten peptides to CD4+ T cells. However, while HLA-DQ2.5 is strongly associated with disease, HLA-DQ2.2 is not, and the molecular basis underpinning this differential disease association is unresolved. We here provide structural evidence for how the single polymorphic residue (HLA-DQ2.5-Tyr22α and HLA-DQ2.2-Phe22α) accounts for HLA-DQ2.2 additionally requiring gluten epitopes possessing a serine at the P3 position of the peptide. In marked contrast to the biased T cell receptor (TCR) usage associated with HLA-DQ2.5-mediated CeD, we demonstrate with extensive single-cell sequencing that a diverse TCR repertoire enables recognition of the immunodominant HLA-DQ2.2-glut-L1 epitope. The crystal structure of two CeD patient-derived TCR in complex with HLA-DQ2.2 and DQ2.2-glut-L1 (PFSEQEQPV) revealed a docking strategy, and associated interatomic contacts, which was notably distinct from the structures of the TCR:HLA-DQ2.5:gliadin epitope complexes. Accordingly, while the molecular surfaces of the antigen-binding clefts of HLA-DQ2.5 and HLA-DQ2.2 are very similar, differences in the nature of the peptides presented translates to differences in responding T cell repertoires and the nature of engagement of the respective antigen-presenting molecules, which ultimately is associated with differing disease penetrance.
Collapse
|
47
|
Ramedani N, Sharifan A, Gholam-Mostafaei FS, Rostami-Nejad M, Yadegar A, Ehsani-Ardakani MJ. The potentials of probiotics on gluten hydrolysis; a review study. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2020; 13:S1-S7. [PMID: 33584998 PMCID: PMC7881392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestinal mucosa in genetically susceptible subjects consuming gluten. Gluten in wheat, rye and barley is harmful for some individuals and leads to various symptoms. Research has shown that treatment with probiotics in CD patients could improve the symptoms by the gluten hydrolysis. For this purpose, different databases such as Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched using the following keywords: Celiac disease, Wheat flour, Gluten, glutamine, Probiotic, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enzymes, Wheat allergy, Immune system, T cells, HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ8, Gluten-free diet, Proteolysis, α2-gliadin fragment, Gliadin, 33-mer peptide, and Zonulin. The search aimed to retrieve the articles published during 2000-2019. Today, a gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only celiac disease treatment. Biotechnological strategy based on probiotic treatment could degrade gluten. Research has shown that combination of the probiotic enzyme is more effective than single probiotic on gluten hydrolysis. The result of different studies showed that probiotic mixture has the capacity to hydrolyze a considerable concentration of the 33-mer of gliadin completely. The present study was aimed to investigate associations between the capacities of probiotics on gluten hydrolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Ramedani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anousheh Sharifan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Sadat Gholam-Mostafaei
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Ehsani-Ardakani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
T cell receptor cross-reactivity between gliadin and bacterial peptides in celiac disease. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2019; 27:49-61. [PMID: 31873306 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-019-0353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus is strongly associated with T cell-mediated autoimmune disorders. HLA-DQ2.5-mediated celiac disease (CeD) is triggered by the ingestion of gluten, although the relative roles of genetic and environmental risk factors in CeD is unclear. Here we identify microbially derived mimics of gliadin epitopes and a parental bacterial protein that is naturally processed by antigen-presenting cells and activated gliadin reactive HLA-DQ2.5-restricted T cells derived from CeD patients. Crystal structures of T cell receptors in complex with HLA-DQ2.5 bound to two distinct bacterial peptides demonstrate that molecular mimicry underpins cross-reactivity toward the gliadin epitopes. Accordingly, gliadin reactive T cells involved in CeD pathogenesis cross-react with ubiquitous bacterial peptides, thereby suggesting microbial exposure as a potential environmental factor in CeD.
Collapse
|
49
|
Van Buiten CB, Yennawar NH, Pacheco CN, Hatzakis E, Elias RJ. Physicochemical interactions with (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate drive structural modification of celiac-associated peptide α 2-gliadin (57-89) at physiological conditions. Food Funct 2019; 10:2997-3007. [PMID: 31086895 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00553f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major phenolic constituent of tea, has been shown to have biological activity within inflammatory pathways involved with food allergies and intolerances. Proposed mechanisms for this effect include sequestration and structural modification of immunostimulatory proteins as a result of interactions with EGCG. The present study employs biophysical techniques including dynamic light scattering, circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance to elucidate the likely mechanism(s) by which EGCG interacts with α2-gliadin (57-89) (α2g), an immunodominant peptide in celiac disease pathogenesis. We demonstrate that EGCG interacts with α2g in a multi-phase reaction driven by non-specific binding, resulting in the formation of polydisperse EGCG/α2g complexes which induce changes in peptide structure. We also show that these interactions occur at a range of pH levels associated with digestion, including pH 2.0, 6.8 and 7.5. Based on previous reports of binding specificity of enzymes and antigen presenting cells in celiac disease pathogenesis, our results provide foundational support for EGCG to prevent recognition of immunostimulatory gliadin epitopes by the body and thus prevent the inflammatory and autoimmune response associated with celiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlene B Van Buiten
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The prevalence of celiac disease (CeD) has increased in the last decades, suggesting a role for environmental factors in addition to gluten. Several cohort studies have shown that different gastrointestinal infections increase CeD risk. However, the mechanisms by which microbes participate in CeD have remained elusive. Recently, with the use of animal models, both viral and bacterial opportunistic pathogens were shown to induce immune activation relevant for CeD. The hypothesis that viral and/or bacterial infections can contribute to immune activation and breakdown of tolerance toward gluten in genetically susceptible individuals is therefore reinforced. Here, we discuss the evidence regarding the role of microbes in promoting CeD and the specific pathways triggered by microbes that could participate in CeD pathogenesis. Understanding these pathways will allow us to develop optimal microbiota-modulating strategies to help prevent CeD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Caminero
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elena F. Verdu
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|