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Llaguno-Munive M, Villalba-Abascal W, Avilés-Salas A, Garcia-Lopez P. Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Preclinical Models of Glioblastoma. J Imaging 2023; 9:212. [PMID: 37888319 PMCID: PMC10607214 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a public health problem requiring ongoing research to improve current treatments and discover novel therapies. More accurate imaging would facilitate such research. Near-infrared fluorescence has been developed as a non-invasive imaging technique capable of visualizing and measuring biological processes at the molecular level in living subjects. In this work, we evaluate the tumor activity in two preclinical glioblastoma models by using fluorochrome (IRDye 800CW) coupled to different molecules: tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). These molecules interact with pathological conditions of tumors, including their overexpression of αvβ3 integrins (RGD), elevated glucose uptake (2-DG), and enhanced permeability and retention effect (PEG). IRDye 800CW RGD gave the best in vivo fluorescence signal from the tumor area, which contrasted well with the low fluorescence intensity of healthy tissue. In the ex vivo imaging (dissected tumor), the accumulation of IRDye 800CW RGD could be appreciated at the tumor site. Glioblastoma tumors were presently detected with specificity and sensitivity by utilizing IRDye 800CW RGD, a near-infrared fluorophore combined with a marker of αvβ3 integrin expression. Further research is needed on its capacity to monitor tumor growth in glioblastoma after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Llaguno-Munive
- Laboratorio de Fármaco-Oncología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.L.-M.); (W.V.-A.)
- Laboratorio de Física Médica, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Wilberto Villalba-Abascal
- Laboratorio de Fármaco-Oncología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.L.-M.); (W.V.-A.)
| | - Alejandro Avilés-Salas
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Patricia Garcia-Lopez
- Laboratorio de Fármaco-Oncología, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.L.-M.); (W.V.-A.)
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2
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Tsai CC, Yang YCSH, Chen YF, Huang LY, Yang YN, Lee SY, Wang WL, Lee HL, Whang-Peng J, Lin HY, Wang K. Integrins and Actions of Androgen in Breast Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2126. [PMID: 37681860 PMCID: PMC10486718 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen has been shown to regulate male physiological activities and cancer proliferation. It is used to antagonize estrogen-induced proliferative effects in breast cancer cells. However, evidence indicates that androgen can stimulate cancer cell growth in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells via different types of receptors and different mechanisms. Androgen-induced cancer growth and metastasis link with different types of integrins. Integrin αvβ3 is predominantly expressed and activated in cancer cells and rapidly dividing endothelial cells. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) also plays a vital role in cancer growth. The part of integrins in action with androgen in cancer cells is not fully mechanically understood. To clarify the interactions between androgen and integrin αvβ3, we carried out molecular modeling to explain the potential interactions of androgen with integrin αvβ3. The androgen-regulated mechanisms on PD-L1 and its effects were also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Che Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-C.T.); (Y.-F.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen S. H. Yang
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Fong Chen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-C.T.); (Y.-F.C.)
| | - Lin-Yi Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (L.-Y.H.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Yung-Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (L.-Y.H.); (Y.-N.Y.)
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yang Lee
- Dentistry, Wan-Fang Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Long Wang
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Hsin-Lun Lee
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | | | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-C.T.); (Y.-F.C.)
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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3
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Peng Z, Hao M, Tong H, Yang H, Huang B, Zhang Z, Luo KQ. The interactions between integrin α 5β 1 of liver cancer cells and fibronectin of fibroblasts promote tumor growth and angiogenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5019-5037. [PMID: 35982891 PMCID: PMC9379399 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression is closely related to pathological fibrosis, which involves heterotypic intercellular interactions (HIIs) between liver cancer cells and fibroblasts. Here, we studied them in a direct coculture model, and identified fibronectin from fibroblasts and integrin-α5β1 from liver cancer cells as the primary responsible molecules utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology. Coculture led to the formation of 3D multilayer microstructures, and obvious fibronectin remodeling was caused by upregulated integrin-α5β1, which greatly promoted cell growth in 3D microstructures. Integrin-α5 was more sensitive and specific than integrin-β1 in this process. Subsequent mechanistic exploration revealed the activation of integrin-Src-FAK, AKT and ERK signaling pathways. Importantly, the growth-promoting effect of HIIs was verified in a xenograft tumor model, in which more blood vessels were observed in bigger tumors derived from the coculture group than that derived from monocultured groups. Hence, we conducted triculture by introducing human umbilical vein endothelial cells, which aligned to and differentiated along multilayer microstructures in an integrin-α5β1 dependent manner. Furthermore, fibronectin, integrin-α5, and integrin-β1 were upregulated in 52 HCC tumors, and fibronectin was related to microvascular invasion. Our findings identify fibronectin, integrin-α5, and integrin-β1 as tumor microenvironment-related targets and provide a basis for combination targeted therapeutic strategies for future HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Meng Hao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Haibo Tong
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kathy Qian Luo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.,Ministry of Education-Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
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4
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Bai S, Wang Z, Wang M, Li J, Wei Y, Xu R, Du J. Tumor-Derived Exosomes Modulate Primary Site Tumor Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:752818. [PMID: 35309949 PMCID: PMC8924426 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.752818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) are actively produced and released by tumor cells and carry messages from tumor cells to healthy cells or abnormal cells, and they participate in tumor metastasis. In this review, we explore the underlying mechanism of action of TDEs in tumor metastasis. TDEs transport tumor-derived proteins and non-coding RNA to tumor cells and promote migration. Transport to normal cells, such as vascular endothelial cells and immune cells, promotes angiogenesis, inhibits immune cell activation, and improves chances of tumor implantation. Thus, TDEs contribute to tumor metastasis. We summarize the function of TDEs and their components in tumor metastasis and illuminate shortcomings for advancing research on TDEs in tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwen Bai
- Longgang District People´s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zunyun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Longgang District People´s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junai Li
- Longgang District People´s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Longgang District People´s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruihuan Xu
- Longgang District People´s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Juan Du
- Longgang District People´s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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5
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Jafari Nivlouei S, Soltani M, Shirani E, Salimpour MR, Travasso R, Carvalho J. A multiscale cell-based model of tumor growth for chemotherapy assessment and tumor-targeted therapy through a 3D computational approach. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13187. [PMID: 35132721 PMCID: PMC8891571 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Computational modeling of biological systems is a powerful tool to clarify diverse processes contributing to cancer. The aim is to clarify the complex biochemical and mechanical interactions between cells, the relevance of intracellular signaling pathways in tumor progression and related events to the cancer treatments, which are largely ignored in previous studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A three-dimensional multiscale cell-based model is developed, covering multiple time and spatial scales, including intracellular, cellular, and extracellular processes. The model generates a realistic representation of the processes involved from an implementation of the signaling transduction network. RESULTS Considering a benign tumor development, results are in good agreement with the experimental ones, which identify three different phases in tumor growth. Simulating tumor vascular growth, results predict a highly vascularized tumor morphology in a lobulated form, a consequence of cells' motile behavior. A novel systematic study of chemotherapy intervention, in combination with targeted therapy, is presented to address the capability of the model to evaluate typical clinical protocols. The model also performs a dose comparison study in order to optimize treatment efficacy and surveys the effect of chemotherapy initiation delays and different regimens. CONCLUSIONS Results not only provide detailed insights into tumor progression, but also support suggestions for clinical implementation. This is a major step toward the goal of predicting the effects of not only traditional chemotherapy but also tumor-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Jafari Nivlouei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isafahan, Iran.,Department of Physics, CFisUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Madjid Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Computational Medicine Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Shirani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isafahan, Iran.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Foolad Institute of Technology, Fooladshahr, Iran
| | | | - Rui Travasso
- Department of Physics, CFisUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Carvalho
- Department of Physics, CFisUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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6
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Li M, Wang Y, Li M, Wu X, Setrerrahmane S, Xu H. Integrins as attractive targets for cancer therapeutics. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2726-2737. [PMID: 34589393 PMCID: PMC8463276 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that have been implicated in the biology of various human physiological and pathological processes. These molecules facilitate cell–extracellular matrix and cell–cell interactions, and they have been implicated in fibrosis, inflammation, thrombosis, and tumor metastasis. The role of integrins in tumor progression makes them promising targets for cancer treatment, and certain integrin antagonists, such as antibodies and synthetic peptides, have been effectively utilized in the clinic for cancer therapy. Here, we discuss the evidence and knowledge on the contribution of integrins to cancer biology. Furthermore, we summarize the clinical attempts targeting this family in anti-cancer therapy development.
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Key Words
- ADAMs, adisintegrin and metalloproteases
- AJ, adherens junctions
- Antagonists
- CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts
- CAR, chimeric antigen receptor
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- CSC, cancer stem cell
- Clinical trial
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- ERK, extracellular regulated kinase
- Extracellular matrix
- FAK, focal adhesion kinase
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- ICAMs, intercellular adhesion molecules
- IGFR, insulin-like growth factor receptor
- IMD, integrin-mediated death
- Integrins
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase 16
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MMP2, matrix metalloprotease 2
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp
- RTKs, receptor tyrosine kinases
- SAPKs, stress-activated MAP kinases
- SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor-1
- SH2, Src homology 2
- STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- TICs, tumor initiating cells
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- Targeted drug
- Tumor progression
- VCAMs, vascular cell adhesion molecules
- VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
- mAb, monoclonal antibodies
- sdCAR-T, switchable dual-receptor CAR-engineered T
- siRNA, small interference RNA
- uPA, urokinase-type plasminogen activator
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7
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Dzobo K. Integrins Within the Tumor Microenvironment: Biological Functions, Importance for Molecular Targeting, and Cancer Therapeutics Innovation. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:417-430. [PMID: 34191612 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many cellular functions important for solid tumor initiation and progression are mediated by members of the integrin family, a diverse family of cell attachment receptors. With recent studies emphasizing the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in tumor initiation and progression, it is not surprising that considerable attention is being paid to integrins. Several integrin antagonists are under clinical trials, with many demonstrating promising activity in patients with different cancers. A deeper knowledge of the functions of integrins within the TME is still required and might lead to better inhibitors being discovered. Integrin expression is commonly dysregulated in many tumors with integrins playing key roles in signaling as well as promotion of tumor cell invasion and migration. Integrins also play a major role in adhesion of circulating tumor cells to new sites and the resulting formation of secondary tumors. Furthermore, integrins have demonstrated the ability to promoting stem cell-like properties in tumor cells as well as drug resistance. Anti-integrin therapies rely heavily on the doses or concentrations used as these determine whether the drugs act as antagonists or as integrin agonists. This expert review offers the latest synthesis in terms of the current knowledge of integrins functions within the TME and as potential molecular targets for cancer therapeutics innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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8
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Mushtaq U, Bashir M, Nabi S, Khanday FA. Epidermal growth factor receptor and integrins meet redox signaling through P66shc and Rac1. Cytokine 2021; 146:155625. [PMID: 34157521 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review examines the concerted role of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and integrins in regulating Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through different signaling pathways. ROS as such are not always deleterious to the cells but they also act as signaling molecules, that regulates numerous indespensible physiological fuctions of life. Many adaptor proteins, particularly Shc and Grb2, are involved in mediating the downstream signaling pathways stimulated by EGFR and integrins. Integrin-induced activation of EGFR and subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of a class of acceptor sites on EGFR leads to alignment and tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc, PLCγ, the p85 subunit of PI-3 K, and Cbl, followed by activation of the downstream targets Erk and Akt/PKB. Functional interactions between these receptors result in the activation of Rac1 via these adaptor proteins, thereby leading to Reactive Oxygen Species. Both GF and integrin activation can produce oxidants independently, however synergistically there is increased ROS generation, suggesting a mutual cooperation between integrins and GFRs for redox signalling. The ROS produced further promotes feed-forward stimulation of redox signaling events such as MAPK activation and gene expression. This relationship has not been reviewed previously. The literature presented here can have multiple implications, ranging from looking at synergistic effects of integrin and EGFR mediated signaling mechanisms of different proteins to possible therapeutic interventions operated by these two receptors. Furthermore, such mutual redox regulation of crosstalk between EGFR and integrins not only add to the established models of pathological oxidative stress, but also can impart new avenues and opportunities for targeted antioxidant based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Mushtaq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK 190006, India; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, JK 191201, India
| | - Muneesa Bashir
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK 190006, India; Department of Higher Education, Government of Jammu & Kashmir, 190001, India
| | - Sumaiya Nabi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK 190006, India
| | - Firdous A Khanday
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK 190006, India.
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9
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Comprehensive understanding of anchorage-independent survival and its implication in cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:629. [PMID: 34145217 PMCID: PMC8213763 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Detachment is the initial and critical step for cancer metastasis. Only the cells that survive from detachment can develop metastases. Following the disruption of cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, cells are exposed to a totally different chemical and mechanical environment. During which, cells inevitably suffer from multiple stresses, including loss of growth stimuli from ECM, altered mechanical force, cytoskeletal reorganization, reduced nutrient uptake, and increased reactive oxygen species generation. Here we review the impact of these stresses on the anchorage-independent survival and the underlying molecular signaling pathways. Furthermore, its implications in cancer metastasis and treatment are also discussed.
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10
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Pulous FE, Carnevale JC, Al-Yafeai Z, Pearson BH, Hamilton JAG, Henry CJ, Orr AW, Petrich BG. Talin-dependent integrin activation is required for endothelial proliferation and postnatal angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:177-190. [PMID: 33113074 PMCID: PMC8441968 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integrin activation contributes to key blood cell functions including adhesion, proliferation and migration. An essential step in the cell signaling pathway that activates integrin requires the binding of talin to the β-integrin cytoplasmic tail. Whereas this pathway is understood in platelets in detail, considerably less is known regarding how integrin-mediated adhesion in endothelium contributes to postnatal angiogenesis. We utilized an inducible EC-specific talin1 knock-out mouse (Tln1 EC-KO) and talin1 L325R knock-in mutant (Tln1 L325R) mouse, in which talin selectively lacks the capacity to activate integrins, to assess the role of integrin activation during angiogenesis. Deletion of talin1 during postnatal days 1-3 (P1-P3) caused lethality by P8 with extensive defects in retinal angiogenesis and widespread hemorrhaging. Tln1 EC-KO mice displayed reduced retinal vascular area, impaired EC sprouting and proliferation relative to Tln1 CTRLs. In contrast, induction of talin1 L325R in neonatal mice resulted in modest defects in retinal angiogenesis and mice survived to adulthood. Interestingly, deletion of talin1 or expression of talin1 L325R in ECs increased MAPK/ERK signaling. Strikingly, B16-F0 tumors grown in Tln1 L325R adult mice were 55% smaller and significantly less vascularized than tumors grown in littermate controls. EC talin1 is indispensable for postnatal development angiogenesis. The role of EC integrin activation appears context-dependent as its inhibition is compatible with postnatal development with mild defects in retinal angiogenesis but results in marked defects in tumor growth and angiogenesis. Inhibiting EC pan-integrin activation may be an effective approach to selectively target tumor blood vessel growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi E Pulous
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jamie C Carnevale
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zaki Al-Yafeai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Brenna H Pearson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Jamie A G Hamilton
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Curtis J Henry
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A Wayne Orr
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Brian G Petrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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11
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Integrin αvβ3 in the Mediating Effects of Dihydrotestosterone and Resveratrol on Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082906. [PMID: 32326308 PMCID: PMC7216104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormones and their receptors play an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer. Hormones regulate the proliferation of breast cancer cells through binding between estrogen or progestins and steroid receptors that may reside in the cytoplasm or be transcriptionally activated as steroid–protein nuclear receptor complexes. However, receptors for nonpeptide hormones also exist in the plasma membrane. Via those receptors, hormones are able to stimulate breast cancer cell proliferation when activated. Integrins are heterodimeric structural proteins of the plasma membrane. Their primary functions are to interact with extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors. Recently, integrin αvβ3 has been identified as a receptor for nonpeptide hormones, such as thyroid hormone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT promotes the proliferation of human breast cancer cells through binding to integrin αvβ3. A receptor for resveratrol, a polyphenol stilbene, also exists on this integrin in breast cancer cells, mediating the anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic action of the compound in these cells. Unrelated activities of DHT and resveratrol that originate at integrin depend upon downstream stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK, ERK1/2) activity, suggesting the existence of distinct, function-specific pools of ERK1/2 within the cell. This review will discuss the features of these receptors in breast cancer cells, in turn suggesting clinical applications that are based on the interactions of resveratrol/DHT with integrin αvβ3 and other androgen receptors.
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12
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Cho WC, Jour G, Aung PP. Role of angiogenesis in melanoma progression: Update on key angiogenic mechanisms and other associated components. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:175-186. [PMID: 31255774 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels, is a complex and highly regulated process that plays a role in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. In malignancy, angiogenesis is essential for neoplastic cells to acquire the nutrients and oxygen critical for their continued proliferation. Angiogenesis requires a sequence of well-coordinated events mediated by a number of tightly regulated interactions between pro-angiogenic factors and their corresponding receptors expressed on various vascular components (e.g., endothelial cells and pericytes) and stromal components forming the extracellular matrix. In this review, we discuss the functional roles of key growth factors and cytokines known to promote angiogenesis in cutaneous melanoma and key factors implicated in the extracellular matrix remodeling that acts synergistically with angiogenesis to promote tumor progression in melanoma, incorporating some of the most up-to-date basic science knowledge from recently published in vivo and in vitro experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Cheal Cho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George Jour
- Department of Pathology and Dermatology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phyu P Aung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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13
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Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors ensuring the mechanical connection between cells and the extracellular matrix. In addition to the anchorage of cells to the extracellular matrix, these receptors have critical functions in intracellular signaling, but are also taking center stage in many physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we provide some historical, structural, and physiological notes so that the diverse functions of these receptors can be appreciated and put into the context of the emerging field of mechanobiology. We propose that the exciting journey of the exploration of these receptors will continue for at least another new generation of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bachmann
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire , Geneva , Switzerland ; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Fimlab Laboratories , Tampere , Finland
| | - Sampo Kukkurainen
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire , Geneva , Switzerland ; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Fimlab Laboratories , Tampere , Finland
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire , Geneva , Switzerland ; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Fimlab Laboratories , Tampere , Finland
| | - Bernhard Wehrle-Haller
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire , Geneva , Switzerland ; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Fimlab Laboratories , Tampere , Finland
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14
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Danilucci TM, Santos PK, Pachane BC, Pisani GFD, Lino RLB, Casali BC, Altei WF, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Recombinant RGD-disintegrin DisBa-01 blocks integrin α vβ 3 and impairs VEGF signaling in endothelial cells. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:27. [PMID: 30894182 PMCID: PMC6425665 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrins mediate cell adhesion, migration, and survival by connecting the intracellular machinery with the surrounding extracellular matrix. Previous studies demonstrated the interaction between αvβ3 integrin and VEGF type 2 receptor (VEGFR2) in VEGF-induced angiogenesis. DisBa-01, a recombinant His-tag fusion, RGD-disintegrin from Bothrops alternatus snake venom, binds to αvβ3 integrin with nanomolar affinity blocking cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Here we present in vitro evidence of a direct interference of DisBa-01 with αvβ3/VEGFR2 cross-talk and its downstream pathways. Methods Human umbilical vein (HUVECs) were cultured in plates coated with fibronectin (FN) or vitronectin (VN) and tested for migration, invasion and proliferation assays in the presence of VEGF, DisBa-01 (1000 nM) or VEGF and DisBa-01 simultaneously. Phosphorylation of αvβ3/VEGFR2 receptors and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways were analyzed by western blotting. Morphological alterations were observed and quantified by fluorescence confocal microscopy. Results DisBa-01 treatment of endothelial cells inhibited critical steps of VEGF-mediated angiogenesis such as migration, invasion and tubulogenesis. The blockage of αvβ3/VEGFR2 cross-talk by this disintegrin decreases protein expression and phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and β3 integrin subunit, regulates FAK/SrC/Paxillin downstream signals, and inhibits ERK1/2 and PI3K pathways. These events result in actin re-organization and inhibition of HUVEC migration and adhesion. Labelled-DisBa-01 colocalizes with αvβ3 integrin and VEGFR2 in treated cells. Conclusions Disintegrin inhibition of αvβ3 integrin blocks VEGFR2 signalling, even in the presence of VEGF, which impairs the angiogenic mechanism. These results improve our understanding concerning the mechanisms of pharmacological inhibition of angiogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0339-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taís M Danilucci
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Patty K Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Pachane
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Graziéle F D Pisani
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Rafael L B Lino
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Bruna C Casali
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Wanessa F Altei
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S Selistre-de-Araujo
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil.
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15
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Sun D, Cao F, Xu W, Chen Q, Shi W, Xu S. Ultrasensitive and Simultaneous Detection of Two Cytokines Secreted by Single Cell in Microfluidic Droplets via Magnetic-Field Amplified SERS. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2551-2558. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Fanghao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
- School of Chemical Engineering and New Energy Materials, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Weiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Qidan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
- School of Chemical Engineering and New Energy Materials, Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Shuping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
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16
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Hong R, Li X. Discovery of monoamine oxidase inhibitors by medicinal chemistry approaches. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:10-25. [PMID: 30774851 PMCID: PMC6350766 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00446c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression, have seriously inconvenienced the lives of patients. Growing evidence indicates that these diseases are closely related to the monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme, making it an attractive target for the exploitation of potent MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) with high selectivity and low side effects. Although various MAOIs have been discovered, the discovery of an ideal MAOI is not an easy task. In this review, we discuss the currently available rational design strategies for obtaining ideal MAOIs, including ligand-based and receptor-based design strategies, and these strategies were further illustrated with the aid of specific examples from the recent literature. To better understanding the biological activity of MAO, we also highlight the binding modes of typical inhibitors against MAO. Besides, advanced strategies for finding upcoming potent MAOIs were prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyuan Hong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shandong University , 44 West Culture Road , 250012 , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: 86 531 88382005
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shandong University , 44 West Culture Road , 250012 , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: 86 531 88382005
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17
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Mammadova-Bach E, Rupp T, Spenlé C, Jivkov I, Shankaranarayanan P, Klein A, Pisarsky L, Méchine-Neuville A, Cremel G, Kedinger M, De Wever O, Ambartsumian N, Robine S, Pencreach E, Guenot D, Simon-Assmann P, Goetz JG, Orend G, Lefebvre O. Laminin α1 orchestrates VEGFA functions in the ecosystem of colorectal carcinoma. Biol Cell 2018; 110:178-195. [PMID: 29907957 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Tumor stroma remodeling is a key feature of malignant tumors and can promote cancer progression. Laminins are major constituents of basement membranes that physically separate the epithelium from the underlying stroma. RESULTS By employing mouse models expressing high and low levels of the laminin α1 chain (LMα1), we highlighted its implication in a tumor-stroma crosstalk, thus leading to increased colon tumor incidence, angiogenesis and tumor growth. The underlying mechanism involves attraction of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts by LMα1, VEGFA expression triggered by the complex integrin α2β1-CXCR4 and binding of VEGFA to LM-111, which in turn promotes angiogenesis, tumor cell survival and proliferation. A gene signature comprising LAMA1, ITGB1, ITGA2, CXCR4 and VEGFA has negative predictive value in colon cancer. CONCLUSIONS Together, we have identified VEGFA, CXCR4 and α2β1 integrin downstream of LMα1 in colon cancer as of bad prognostic value for patient survival. SIGNIFICANCE This information opens novel opportunities for diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmina Mammadova-Bach
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Inserm UMR-S 949, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Strasbourg, F-67065, France
| | - Tristan Rupp
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Caroline Spenlé
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Ivo Jivkov
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Pattabhiraman Shankaranarayanan
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Annick Klein
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Laura Pisarsky
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, U.S.A
| | | | - Gérard Cremel
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Michèle Kedinger
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | | | | | - Erwan Pencreach
- EA 3430, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Plateforme de Génétique Moléculaire des Cancers, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67098, France
| | | | - Patricia Simon-Assmann
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Gertraud Orend
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Olivier Lefebvre
- Inserm U1109, MN3T, Strasbourg, F-67200, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- LabEx Medalis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, F-67000, France
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18
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Huang R, Rofstad EK. Integrins as therapeutic targets in the organ-specific metastasis of human malignant melanoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:92. [PMID: 29703238 PMCID: PMC5924434 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a large family of adhesion molecules that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Among the 24 integrin isoforms, many have been found to be associated with tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell migration and proliferation, and metastasis. Integrins, especially αvβ3, αvβ5 and α5β1, participate in mediating tumor angiogenesis by interacting with the vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-Tie signaling pathways. Melanoma patients have a poor prognosis when the primary tumor has generated distant metastases, and the melanoma metastatic site is an independent predictor of the survival of these patients. Different integrins on the melanoma cell surface preferentially direct circulating melanoma cells to different organs and promote the development of metastases at specific organ sites. For instance, melanoma cells expressing integrin β3 tend to metastasize to the lungs, whereas those expressing integrin β1 preferentially generate lymph node metastases. Moreover, tumor cell-derived exosomes which contain different integrins may prepare a pre-metastatic niche in specific organs and promote organ-specific metastases. Because of the important role that integrins play in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, they have become promising targets for the treatment of advanced cancer. In this paper, we review the integrin isoforms responsible for angiogenesis and organ-specific metastasis in malignant melanoma and the inhibitors that have been considered for the future treatment of metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Huang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Einar K Rofstad
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379, Oslo, Norway
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19
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Extracellular matrix: The driving force of mammalian diseases. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:1-9. [PMID: 29625183 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Like the major theme of a Mozart concerto, the immense and pervasive extracellular matrix drives each movement and ultimately closes the symphony, embracing a unique role as the fundamental mediator for most, if not all, ensuing intracellular events. As such, it comes as no surprise that the mechanism of just about every known disease can be traced back to some part of the matrix, typically in the form of an abnormal amount or activity level of a particular matrix component. These defects considerably affect downstream signaling axes leading to overt cellular dysfunction, organ failure, and death. From skin to bone, from vessels to brain, from eyes to all the internal organs, the matrix plays an incredible role as both a cause and potential means to reverse diseases. Human malaises including connective tissue disorders, muscular dystrophy, fibrosis, and cancer are all extracellular matrix-driven diseases. The ability to understand and modulate these matrix-related mechanisms may lead to the future discovery of novel therapeutic options for these patients.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an update on recent literature and findings concerning selected foodborne viruses. Two groups of viruses were selected: (a) the most important viruses contaminating food, based on numbers of publications in the last 5 years and (b) viruses infecting sources of food that might have an impact on human health. RECENT FINDINGS Important foodborne viruses such as norovirus, hepatitis A and rotavirus are usually "only" contaminating food and are detected on the surface of foodstuffs. However, they are threats to human public health and make up for the majority of cases. In contrast, the meaning of viruses born from within the food such as natural animal and plant viruses is still in many cases unknown. An exception is Hepatitis E virus that is endemic in pigs, transmitted via pork meat and is recognised as an emerging zoonosis in industrialised countries. SUMMARY Even though the clinical meaning of "new" foodborne viruses, often detected by next generation sequencing, still needs clarification, the method has great potential to enhance surveillance and detection particularly in view of an increasingly globalised food trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bachofen
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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21
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Gensberger ET, Scharrer S, Regele H, Aumayr K, Kopecky C, Gmeiner B, Hermann M, Zeillinger R, Bajar T, Winnicki W, Sengölge G. Known players, new interplay in atherogenesis: Chronic shear stress and carbamylated-LDL induce and modulate expression of atherogenic LR11 in human coronary artery endothelium. Thromb Haemost 2017; 111:323-32. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-12-0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIn this study we examined whether low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family members represent a link between blood flow characteristics and modified low-density lipoproteins involved in endothelial injury, a pivotal factor in atherogenesis. We demonstrated the expression of pro-atherogenic LDL receptor relative (LR11) for the first time in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) in vitro and in vivo. Next, LR11 expression and regulation were explored in HCAEC cultured conventionally or on the inner surface of hollow fiber capillaries under exposure to shear stress for 10 days in the presence or absence of LDL. There was no LR11 expression under static conditions. When exposed to chronic low shear stress (2.5 dynes/cm2) transmembrane and soluble endothelial-LR11 were detected in high levels irrespective of the type of LDL added (carbamylated or native). In contrast, chronic high shear stress (25 dynes/cm2) inhibited the LR11-inducing effect of LDL such that transmembrane and soluble LR11 expression became non-detectable with native LDL. Carbamylated LDL significantly counteracted this atheroprotective effect of high shear stress as shown by lower, yet sustained expression of soluble and transmembrane LR11. Oxidised LDL showed similar effects compared to carbamylated LDL but caused significantly lower LR11 expression under chronic high shear stress. Medium from HCAEC under LR11-inducing conditions enhanced vascular smooth muscle cell migration, which was abrogated by the anti-LR11 antibody. Expression of LR11 depended entirely on p38MAPK phosphorylation. We conclude that coronary endothelial LR11 expression modulated by LDL and chronic shear stress contributes to atherogenesis. LR11 and p38MAPK are potential targets for prevention of atherosclerosis.
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22
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A mutation in Nischarin causes otitis media via LIMK1 and NF-κB pathways. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006969. [PMID: 28806779 PMCID: PMC5570507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Otitis media (OM), inflammation of the middle ear (ME), is a common cause of conductive hearing impairment. Despite the importance of the disease, the aetiology of chronic and recurrent forms of middle ear inflammatory disease remains poorly understood. Studies of the human population suggest that there is a significant genetic component predisposing to the development of chronic OM, although the underlying genes are largely unknown. Using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis we identified a recessive mouse mutant, edison, that spontaneously develops a conductive hearing loss due to chronic OM. The causal mutation was identified as a missense change, L972P, in the Nischarin (NISCH) gene. edison mice develop a serous or granulocytic effusion, increasingly macrophage and neutrophil rich with age, along with a thickened, inflamed mucoperiosteum. We also identified a second hypomorphic allele, V33A, with only modest increases in auditory thresholds and reduced incidence of OM. NISCH interacts with several proteins, including ITGA5 that is thought to have a role in modulating VEGF-induced angiogenesis and vascularization. We identified a significant genetic interaction between Nisch and Itga5; mice heterozygous for Itga5-null and homozygous for edison mutations display a significantly increased penetrance and severity of chronic OM. In order to understand the pathological mechanisms underlying the OM phenotype, we studied interacting partners to NISCH along with downstream signalling molecules in the middle ear epithelia of edison mouse. Our analysis implicates PAK1 and RAC1, and downstream signalling in LIMK1 and NF-κB pathways in the development of chronic OM. Otitis media (OM) is the most common cause of deafness in children and is primarily characterised by inflammation of the middle ear. It is the most common cause of surgery in children in the developed world, with many children developing recurrent and chronic forms of OM undergoing tympanostomy tube insertion. There is evidence that a significant genetic component contributes towards the development of recurrent and chronic forms of OM. The mouse has been a powerful tool for identifying the genes involved in chronic OM. In this study we identified and characterised edison, a novel mouse model of chronic OM that shares important features with the chronic disease in humans. A mutation in the Nisch gene causes edison mice to spontaneously develop OM following birth and subsequently develop chronic OM, with an associated hearing loss. Our molecular analysis of the mutation reveals the underlying pathological mechanisms and pathways involved in OM in the edison mouse, involving PAK1, RAC1 and downstream signalling in LIMK1 and NF-κB pathways. Identification of the edison mutant provides an important genetic disease model of chronic OM and implicates a new gene and genetic pathways involved in predisposition to OM.
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23
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Lee YK, Kang M, Choi EY. TLR/MyD88-mediated Innate Immunity in Intestinal Graft-versus-Host Disease. Immune Netw 2017; 17:144-151. [PMID: 28680375 PMCID: PMC5484644 DOI: 10.4110/in.2017.17.3.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GHVD) is a severe complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The degree of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, a major GVHD target organ, correlates with the disease severity. Intestinal inflammation is initiated by epithelial damage caused by pre-conditioning irradiation. In combination with damages caused by donor-derived T cells, such damage disrupts the epithelial barrier and exposes innate immune cells to pathogenic and commensal intestinal bacteria, which release ligands for Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and signaling through the TLR/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) pathways contribute to the development of intestinal GVHD. Understanding the changes in the microbial flora and the roles of TLR signaling in intestinal GVHD will facilitate the development of preventative and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Myungsoo Kang
- BioMembrane Plasticity Research Center (MPRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,BioMembrane Plasticity Research Center (MPRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Haddad T, Qin R, Lupu R, Satele D, Eadens M, Goetz MP, Erlichman C, Molina J. A phase I study of cilengitide and paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:1221-1227. [PMID: 28477227 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cilengitide is a potent and selective inhibitor of the integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5. The primary objective of this phase I clinical trial was to establish the maximum tolerated dose and determine safety/tolerability of cilengitide in combination with paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors. Secondary objectives included the evaluation of the preliminary clinical outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced solid tumors experiencing disease progression on standard treatment were assigned to two different dose levels of cilengitide (2000 mg intravenously once or twice weekly) in combination with fixed-dose, weekly paclitaxel (90 mg/m2 intravenously). RESULTS Twelve evaluable patients were treated per protocol. A single dose limiting toxicity (DLT) of grade 4 neutropenia was observed at the starting dose level of once weekly cilengitide. There were no grade ≥3 adverse events that occurred with >10% frequency. One patient achieved a partial response to therapy. Five patients experienced stable disease as best response, 3 of which discontinued study participation due to progressive, peripheral neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS Cilengitide in combination with paclitaxel was well tolerated. Antitumor activity was observed. The recommended phase II dose is twice weekly cilengitide (2000 mg) with weekly paclitaxel (90 mg/m2). Further studies evaluating drugs that target this pathway are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tufia Haddad
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Rui Qin
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ruth Lupu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniel Satele
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew Eadens
- Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Fellow Hematology/Oncology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew P Goetz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Charles Erlichman
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Julian Molina
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Abdelsaid M, Coucha M, Hafez S, Yasir A, Johnson MH, Ergul A. Enhanced VEGF signalling mediates cerebral neovascularisation via downregulation of guidance protein ROBO4 in a rat model of diabetes. Diabetologia 2017; 60:740-750. [PMID: 28116460 PMCID: PMC5342922 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetes promotes cerebral neovascularisation via increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) angiogenic signalling. Roundabout-4 (ROBO4) protein is an endogenous inhibitor of VEGF signalling that stabilises the vasculature. Yet, how diabetes affects ROBO4 function remains unknown. We hypothesised that increased VEGF signalling in diabetes decreases ROBO4 expression and function via binding of ROBO4 with VEGF-activated β3 integrin and that restoration of ROBO4 expression prevents/repairs cerebral neovascularisation in diabetes. METHODS ROBO4 protein expression in a rat model of type 2 diabetes (Goto-Kakizaki [GK] rats) was examined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. ROBO4 was locally overexpressed in the brain and in primary brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs). GK rats were treated with SKLB1002, a selective VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) antagonist. Cerebrovascular neovascularisation indices were determined using a FITC vascular space-filling model. Immunoprecipitation was used to determine ROBO4-β3 integrin interaction. RESULTS ROBO4 expression was significantly decreased in the cerebral vasculature as well as in BMVECs in diabetes (p < 0.05). Silencing Robo4 increased the angiogenic properties of control BMVECs (p < 0.05). In vivo and in vitro overexpression of ROBO4 inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenic signalling and increased vessel maturation. Inhibition of VEGF signalling using SKLB1002 increased ROBO4 expression (p < 0.05) and reduced neovascularisation indices (p < 0.05). Furthermore, SKLB1002 significantly decreased ROBO4-β3 integrin interaction in diabetes (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study identifies the restoration of ROBO4 and inhibition of VEGF signalling as treatment strategies for diabetes-induced cerebral neovascularisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Abdelsaid
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street CA-3135, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Maha Coucha
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street CA-3135, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sherif Hafez
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street CA-3135, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Abdul Yasir
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street CA-3135, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | | | - Adviye Ergul
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street CA-3135, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
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Wu F, Chen W, Gillis B, Fischbach C, Estroff LA, Gourdon D. Protein-crystal interface mediates cell adhesion and proangiogenic secretion. Biomaterials 2017; 116:174-185. [PMID: 27940370 PMCID: PMC5223748 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The nanoscale materials properties of bone apatite crystals have been implicated in breast cancer bone metastasis and their interactions with extracellular matrix proteins are likely involved. In this study, we used geologic hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), closely related to bone apatite, to investigate how HAP surface chemistry and nano/microscale topography individually influence the crystal-protein interface, and how the altered protein deposition impacts subsequent breast cancer cell activities. We first utilized Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to assess the molecular conformation of fibronectin (Fn), a major extracellular matrix protein upregulated in cancer, when it adsorbed onto HAP facets. Our analysis reveals that both low surface charge density and nanoscale roughness of HAP facets individually contributed to molecular unfolding of Fn. We next quantified cell adhesion and secretion on Fn-coated HAP facets using MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Our data show elevated proangiogenic and proinflammatory secretions associated with more unfolded Fn adsorbed onto nano-rough HAP facets with low surface charge density. These findings not only deconvolute the roles of crystal surface chemistry and topography in interfacial protein deposition but also enhance our knowledge of protein-mediated breast cancer cell interactions with apatite, which may be implicated in tumor growth and bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Weisi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Brian Gillis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Claudia Fischbach
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Lara A Estroff
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Delphine Gourdon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
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Wang K, Wu F, Seo BR, Fischbach C, Chen W, Hsu L, Gourdon D. Breast cancer cells alter the dynamics of stromal fibronectin-collagen interactions. Matrix Biol 2016; 60-61:86-95. [PMID: 27503584 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer cells recruit surrounding stromal cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), to remodel their extracellular matrix (ECM) and promote invasive tumor growth. Two major ECM components, fibronectin (Fn) and collagen I (Col I), are known to interact with each other to regulate cellular behavior. In this study, we seek to understand how Fn and Col I interplay and promote a dysregulated signaling pathway to facilitate tumor progression. Specifically, we investigated the evolution of tumor-conditioned stromal ECM composition, structure, and relaxation. Furthermore, we assessed how evolving Fn-Col I interactions gradually affected pro-angiogenic signaling. Our data first indicate that CAFs initially assembled a strained, viscous, and unfolded Fn matrix. This early altered Fn matrix was later remodeled into a thick Col I-rich matrix that was characteristic of a dense tumor mass. Next, our results suggest that this ECM remodeling was primarily mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This MMP activity caused profound structural and mechanical changes in the developing ECM, which then modified vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by CAFs and matrix sequestration. Collectively, these findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms by which Fn and Col I synergistically interplay in promoting a sustained altered signaling cascade to remodel the breast tumor stroma for invasive breast tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA; Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA
| | - Bo Ri Seo
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA
| | - Claudia Fischbach
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA
| | - Weisi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA
| | - Lauren Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA
| | - Delphine Gourdon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA; Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
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Tripathi RKP, Ayyannan SR. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of 2-Amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole-Derived Hydrazones as MAO Inhibitors: Role of the Methylene Spacer Group. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1551-67. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rati K. P. Tripathi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory; Department of Pharmaceutics; Indian Institute of Technology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India), Fax
| | - Senthil R. Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory; Department of Pharmaceutics; Indian Institute of Technology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India), Fax
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29
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Parani M, Lokhande G, Singh A, Gaharwar AK. Engineered Nanomaterials for Infection Control and Healing Acute and Chronic Wounds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:10049-69. [PMID: 27043006 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanoengineered biomaterials have dramatically expanded the range of tools used for infection control and to accelerate wound healing. This review thoroughly describes the developments that are shaping this emerging field and evaluates the potential wound healing applications of recently developed engineered nanomaterials for both acute and chronic wounds. Specifically, we will assess the unique characteristics of engineered nanomaterials that render them applicable for wound healing and infection control. A range of engineered nanomaterials, including polymeric-, metallic- and ceramic-based nanomaterials, that could be used as therapeutic delivery agents to accelerate regeneration of damaged dermal and epidermal tissues are also detailed. Finally, we will detail the current state of engineered nanomaterials for wound regeneration and will identify promising new research directions in infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madasamy Parani
- Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University , Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India
| | | | - Ankur Singh
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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30
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Azam F, Mohamed N, Alhussen F. Molecular interaction studies of green tea catechins as multitarget drug candidates for the treatment of Parkinson's disease: computational and structural insights. NETWORK (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2016; 26:97-115. [PMID: 27030558 DOI: 10.3109/0954898x.2016.1146416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Green tea catechins have extensively been studied for their imminent role in reducing the risk of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding the molecular interaction of these compounds with various anti-Parkinsonian drug targets is of interest. The present study is intended to explore binding modes of catechins with molecular targets having potential role in PD. Lamarckian genetic algorithm methodology was adopted for molecular docking simulations employing AutoDock 4.2 program. Toxicity potential and molecular properties responsible for good pharmacokinetic profile were calculated by Osiris property explorer and Molinspiration online toolkit, respectively. A strong correlation coefficient (r(2) = 0.893) was obtained between experimentally reported and docking predicted activities of native co-crystallized ligands of the 18 target receptors used in current study. Analysis of docked conformations revealed monoamine oxidase-B as most promising, while N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor was recognized as the least favorable target for catechins. Benzopyran skeleton with a phenyl group substituted at the 2-position and a hydroxyl (or ester) function at the 3-position has been identified as common structural requirements at majority of the targets. The present findings suggest that epigallocatechin gallate is the most promising lead to be developed as multitarget drug for the design and development of novel anti-Parkinsonian agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizul Azam
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
| | - Najah Mohamed
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
| | - Fatma Alhussen
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Misurata University , Misurata , Libya
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31
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Li J, Wu Y, Schimmel N, Al-Ameen MA, Ghosh G. Breast cancer cells mechanosensing in engineered matrices: Correlation with aggressive phenotype. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 61:208-220. [PMID: 26874251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of cancer is often driven by the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Recent reports have highlighted that the progressive stiffening of tumor matrix is crucial for malignant transformation. Though extensive work has been done analyzing the mechanotransductive signals involved in tumor progression, it is still not clear whether the stiffness induced changes in cancer cell behavior is conserved across the invasive/aggressive phenotype of cells. Here, we used synthetic hydrogel based cell culture platform to correlate the aggressive potential of the breast cancer cells to the responses to matrix stiffness. The cellular functions such as proliferation, migration, and angiogenic capability were characterized. We report that the proliferation and motility of the highly aggressive cell line MDA-MB-231 increased with increase in matrix rigidity. We also demonstrated for the first time that the change in matrix stiffness stimulated the angiogenic activity of these cells as manifested from enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Inhibition of actomyosin contractility attenuated proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells on stiff matrices while promoted the growth on soft gels. In addition, the release of VEGF was reduced upon inhibition of contractility. The less and non-aggressive breast cancer cells, SKBr3 and MCF-7 respectively displayed less dependency on matrix stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Yang Wu
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Nicholas Schimmel
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Mohammad Ali Al-Ameen
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Gargi Ghosh
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA.
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Danza K, De Summa S, Pinto R, Pilato B, Palumbo O, Merla G, Simone G, Tommasi S. MiR-578 and miR-573 as potential players in BRCA-related breast cancer angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:471-83. [PMID: 25333258 PMCID: PMC4381608 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of microRNA (miRNAs), a new class of small RNA molecules, in governing angiogenesis has been well described. Our aim was to investigate miRNA-mediated regulation of angiogenesis in a series of familial breast cancers stratified by BRCA1/2 mutational status in BRCA carriers and BRCA non-carriers (BRCAX). Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA Arrays were used to perform miRNA expression analysis on 43 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumour tissue familial breast cancers (22 BRCA 1/2-related and 21 BRCAX). Pathway enrichment analysis was carried out with the DIANA miRPath v2.0 web-based computational tool, and the miRWalk database was used to identify target genes of deregulated miRNAs. An independent set of 8 BRCA 1/2-related and 11 BRCAX breast tumors was used for validation by Real-Time PCR. In vitro analysis on HEK293, MCF-7 and SUM149PT cells were performed to best-clarify miR-573 and miR-578 role. A set of 16 miRNAs differentially expressed between BRCA 1/2-related and BRCAX breast tumors emerged from the profile analysis. Among these, miR-578 and miR-573 were found to be down-regulated in BRCA 1/2-related breast cancer and associated to the Focal adhesion, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathways. Our data highlight the role of miR-578 and miR-573 in controlling BRCA 1/2-related angiogenesis by targeting key regulators of Focal adhesion, VEGF and HIF-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Danza
- IRCCS "Giovanni Paolo II", Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Bari, Italy
| | - Simona De Summa
- IRCCS "Giovanni Paolo II", Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Bari, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Pinto
- IRCCS "Giovanni Paolo II", Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Bari, Italy
| | - Brunella Pilato
- IRCCS "Giovanni Paolo II", Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Medical Genetics Unit - San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Medical Genetics Unit - San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Gianni Simone
- IRCCS "Giovanni Paolo II", Anatomopathology Unit - Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- IRCCS "Giovanni Paolo II", Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Bari, Italy
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García JR, Clark AY, García AJ. Integrin-specific hydrogels functionalized with VEGF for vascularization and bone regeneration of critical-size bone defects. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:889-900. [PMID: 26662727 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Vascularization of bone defects is considered a crucial component to the successful regeneration of large bone defects. Although vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been delivered to critical-size bone defect models to augment blood vessel infiltration into the defect area, its potential to increase bone repair remains ambiguous. In this study, we investigated whether integrin-specific biomaterials modulate the effects of VEGF on bone regeneration. We engineered protease-degradable, VEGF-loaded poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels functionalized with either a triple-helical, α2 β1 integrin-specific peptide GGYGGGP(GPP)5 GFOGER(GPP)5 GPC (GFOGER) or an αv β3 integrin-targeting peptide GRGDSPC (RGD). Covalent incorporation of VEGF into the PEG hydrogel allowed for protease degradation-dependent release of the protein while maintaining VEGF bioactivity. When applied to critical-size segmental defects in the murine radius, GFOGER-functionalized VEGF-free hydrogels exhibited significantly increased vascular volume and density and resulted in a larger number of thicker blood vessels compared to RGD-functionalized VEGF-free hydrogels. VEGF-loaded RGD hydrogels increased vascularization compared to VEGF-free RGD hydrogels, but the levels of vascularization for these VEGF-containing RGD hydrogels were similar to those of VEGF-free GFOGER hydrogels. VEGF transiently increased bone regeneration in RGD hydrogels but had no effect at later time points. In GFOGER hydrogels, VEGF did not show an effect on bone regeneration. However, VEGF-free GFOGER hydrogels resulted in increased bone regeneration compared to VEGF-free RGD hydrogels. These findings demonstrate the importance of integrin-specificity in engineering constructs for vascularization and associated bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amy Y Clark
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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35
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Multimodality noninvasive imaging for assessing therapeutic effects of exogenously transplanted cell aggregates capable of angiogenesis on acute myocardial infarction. Biomaterials 2015; 73:12-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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36
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Fan X, Wang Y, Wang K, Liu S, Liu Y, Ma J, Li S, Jiang T. Anatomical specificity of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in glioblastomas: a voxel-based mapping analysis. Neuroradiology 2015; 58:69-75. [PMID: 26453565 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-015-1602-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a common genetic alteration in malignant gliomas and contributes to the angiogenesis of tumors. This study aimed to investigate the anatomical specificity of VEGF expression levels in glioblastomas using voxel-based neuroimaging analysis. METHODS Clinical information, MR scans, and immunohistochemistry stains of 209 patients with glioblastomas were reviewed. All tumor lesions were segmented manually and subsequently registered to standard brain space. Voxel-based regression analysis was performed to correlate the brain regions of tumor involvement with the level of VEGF expression. Brain regions identified as significantly associated with high or low VEGF expression were preserved following permutation correction. RESULTS High VEGF expression was detected in 123 (58.9 %) of the 209 patients. Voxel-based statistical analysis demonstrated that high VEGF expression was more likely in tumors located in the left frontal lobe and the right caudate and low VEGF expression was more likely in tumors that occurred in the posterior region of the right lateral ventricle. CONCLUSION Voxel-based neuroimaging analysis revealed the anatomic specificity of VEGF expression in glioblastoma, which may further our understanding of genetic heterogeneity during tumor origination. This finding provides primary theoretical support for potential future application of customized antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinyan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowu Li
- Department of Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Clinical Oncology, Beijing Academy of Critical Illness in Brain, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Ehlerding EB, Cai W. Harnessing the Power of Molecular Imaging for Precision Medicine. J Nucl Med 2015; 57:171-2. [PMID: 26405165 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.166199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Ehlerding
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
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38
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Wang K, Seo BR, Fischbach C, Gourdon D. Fibronectin Mechanobiology Regulates Tumorigenesis. Cell Mol Bioeng 2015; 9:1-11. [PMID: 26900407 PMCID: PMC4746220 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-015-0417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin (Fn) is an essential extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein involved in both physiological and pathological processes. The structure–function relationship of Fn has been and is still being studied, as changes in its molecular structure are integral in regulating (or dysregulating) its biological activities via its cell, matrix component, and growth factor binding sites. Fn comprises three types of repeating modules; among them, FnIII modules are mechanically unstable domains that may be extended/unfolded upon cell traction and either uncover cryptic binding sites or disrupt otherwise exposed binding sites. Cells assemble Fn into a fibrillar network; its conformational flexibility implicates Fn as a critical mechanoregulator of the ECM. Fn has been shown to contribute to altered stroma remodeling during tumorigenesis. This review will discuss (i) the significance of the structure–function relationship of Fn at both the molecular and the matrix scales, (ii) the role of Fn mechanobiology in the regulation of tumorigenesis, and (iii) Fn-related advances in cancer therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, 327 Bard Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Bo Ri Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Claudia Fischbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA ; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Delphine Gourdon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, 327 Bard Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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39
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Chen Y, Zhang W, Huang Y, Gao F, Fang X. Dual-functional c(RGDyK)-decorated Pluronic micelles designed for antiangiogenesis and the treatment of drug-resistant tumor. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4863-81. [PMID: 26257522 PMCID: PMC4525800 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s86827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-functional drug delivery system was developed by decorating c(RGDyK) (cyclic RGD [arginine-glycine-aspartic acid] peptide) with Pluronic polymeric micelles (c[RGDyK]-FP-DP) to overcome the drawbacks of low transport of chemotherapeutics across the blood–tumor barrier and poor multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumor therapy. c(RGDyK) that can bind to the integrin protein richly expressed at the site of tumor vascular endothelial cells and tumor cells with high affinity and specificity was conjugated to the N-hydroxysuccinimide-activated PEO terminus of the Pluronic F127 block copolymer. In this study, decreased tumor angiogenic and increased apoptotic activity in MDR cancer cells were observed after the treatment with c(RGDyK)-FP-DP. c(RGDyK)-FP-DP was fully characterized in terms of morphology, particle size, zeta potential, and drug release. Importantly, in vitro antiangiogenesis results demonstrated that c(RGDyK)-FP-DP had a significant inhibition effect on the tubular formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and promoted cellular apoptotic activity in MDR KBv cells. In addition, the growth inhibition efficacy of KBv tumor spheroids after crossing the blood–tumor barrier was obviously increased by c(RGDyK)-FP-DP compared to other control groups. Results suggested that c(RGDyK)-decorated Pluronic polymeric micelles can take pharmacological action on both human umbilical vein endothelial cells and KBv MDR cancer cells, resulting in a dual-functional anticancer effect similar to that observed in our in vitro cellular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzuo Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; CONRAD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Yukun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Fang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education and PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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40
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Derricks KE, Trinkaus-Randall V, Nugent MA. Extracellular matrix stiffness modulates VEGF calcium signaling in endothelial cells: individual cell and population analysis. Integr Biol (Camb) 2015; 7:1011-25. [PMID: 26183123 DOI: 10.1039/c5ib00140d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular disease and its associated complications are the number one cause of death in the Western world. Both extracellular matrix stiffening and dysfunctional endothelial cells contribute to vascular disease. We examined endothelial cell calcium signaling in response to VEGF as a function of extracellular matrix stiffness. We developed a new analytical tool to analyze both population based and individual cell responses. Endothelial cells on soft substrates, 4 kPa, were the most responsive to VEGF, whereas cells on the 125 kPa substrates exhibited an attenuated response. Magnitude of activation, not the quantity of cells responding or the number of local maximums each cell experienced distinguished the responses. Individual cell analysis, across all treatments, identified two unique cell clusters. One cluster, containing most of the cells, exhibited minimal or slow calcium release. The remaining cell cluster had a rapid, high magnitude VEGF activation that ultimately defined the population based average calcium response. Interestingly, at low doses of VEGF, the high responding cell cluster contained smaller cells on average, suggesting that cell shape and size may be indicative of VEGF-sensitive endothelial cells. This study provides a new analytical tool to quantitatively analyze individual cell signaling response kinetics, that we have used to help uncover outcomes that are hidden within the average. The ability to selectively identify highly VEGF responsive cells within a population may lead to a better understanding of the specific phenotypic characteristics that define cell responsiveness, which could provide new insight for the development of targeted anti- and pro-angiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E Derricks
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 80 E Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
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41
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Shinderman-Maman E, Cohen K, Weingarten C, Nabriski D, Twito O, Baraf L, Hercbergs A, Davis PJ, Werner H, Ellis M, Ashur-Fabian O. The thyroid hormone-αvβ3 integrin axis in ovarian cancer: regulation of gene transcription and MAPK-dependent proliferation. Oncogene 2015; 35:1977-87. [PMID: 26165836 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma is the fifth common cause of cancer death in women, despite advanced therapeutic approaches. αvβ3 integrin, a plasma membrane receptor, binds thyroid hormones (L-thyroxine, T4; 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine, T3) and is overexpressed in ovarian cancer. We have demonstrated selective binding of fluorescently labeled hormones to αvβ3-positive ovarian cancer cells but not to integrin-negative cells. Physiologically relevant T3 (1 nM) and T4 (100 nM) concentrations in OVCAR-3 (high αvβ3) and A2780 (low αvβ3) cells promoted αv and β3 transcription in association with basal integrin levels. This transcription was effectively blocked by RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptide and neutralizing αvβ3 antibodies, excluding T3-induced β3 messenger RNA, suggesting subspecialization of T3 and T4 binding to the integrin receptor pocket. We have provided support for extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)-mediated transcriptional regulation of the αv monomer by T3 and of β3 monomer by both hormones and documented a rapid (30-120 min) and dose-dependent (0.1-1000 nM) ERK activation. OVCAR-3 cells and αvβ3-deficient HEK293 cells treated with αvβ3 blockers confirmed the requirement for an intact thyroid hormone-integrin interaction in ERK activation. In addition, novel data indicated that T4, but not T3, controls integrin's outside-in signaling by phosphorylating tyrosine 759 in the β3 subunit. Both hormones induced cell proliferation (cell counts), survival (Annexin-PI), viability (WST-1) and significantly reduced the expression of genes that inhibit cell cycle (p21, p16), promote mitochondrial apoptosis (Nix, PUMA) and tumor suppression (GDF-15, IGFBP-6), particularly in cells with high integrin expression. At last, we have confirmed that hypothyroid environment attenuated ovarian cancer growth using a novel experimental platform that exploited paired euthyroid and severe hypothyroid serum samples from human subjects. To conclude, our data define a critical role for thyroid hormones as potent αvβ3-ligands, driving ovarian cancer cell proliferation and suggest that disruption of this axis may present a novel treatment strategy in this aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Shinderman-Maman
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, The Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - K Cohen
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, The Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - C Weingarten
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, The Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Nabriski
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Endocrinology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
| | - O Twito
- Department of Endocrinology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
| | - L Baraf
- Department of Endocrinology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
| | - A Hercbergs
- Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - P J Davis
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - H Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Ellis
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, The Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - O Ashur-Fabian
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, The Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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42
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Bhat SS, Anand D, Khanday FA. p66Shc as a switch in bringing about contrasting responses in cell growth: implications on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:76. [PMID: 25890053 PMCID: PMC4421994 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
p66Shc, a member of the ShcA (Src homologous- collagen homologue) adaptor protein family, is one of the three isoforms of this family along with p46Shc and p52Shc. p66Shc, a 66 kDa protein is different from the other isoforms of the ShcA family. p66Shc is the longest isoform of the ShcA family. p66Shc has an additional CH domain at the N-terminal, called the CH2 domain, which is not not present in the other isoforms. This CH2 domain contains a very crucial S36 residue which is phosphorylated in response to oxidative stress and plays a role in apoptosis. Whereas p52Shc and p46Shc are ubiquitously expressed, p66Shc shows constrained expression. This adaptor protein has been shown to be involved in mediating and executing the post effects of oxidative stress and increasing body of evidence is pinpointing to its role in carcinogenesis as well. It shows proto-oncogenic as well as pro-apoptotic properties. This multitasking protein is involved in regulating different networks of cell signaling. On one hand it shows an increased expression profile in different cancers, has a positive role in cell proliferation and migration, whereas on the other hand it promotes apoptosis under oxidative stress conditions by acting as a sensor of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species). This paradoxical role of p66Shc could be attributed to its involvement in ROS production, as ROS is known to both induce cell proliferation as well as apoptosis. p66Shc by regulating intracellular ROS levels plays a crucial role in regulating longevity and cell senescence. These multi-faceted properties of p66Shc make it a perfect candidate protein for further studies in various cancers and aging related diseases. p66Shc can be targeted in terms of it being used as a possible therapeutic target in various diseases. This review focuses on p66Shc and highlights its role in promoting apoptosis via different cell signaling networks, its role in cell proliferation, along with its presence and role in different forms of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar S Bhat
- Department Of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India.
| | - Deepak Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals, Bld: 7, Room: 129, Dhahran, 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Firdous A Khanday
- Department of Life Sciences, King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals, Bld: 7, Room: 129, Dhahran, 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Stiffening and unfolding of early deposited-fibronectin increase proangiogenic factor secretion by breast cancer-associated stromal cells. Biomaterials 2015; 54:63-71. [PMID: 25907040 PMCID: PMC4659482 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fibronectin (Fn) forms a fibrillar network that controls cell behavior in both physiological and diseased conditions including cancer. Indeed, breast cancer-associated stromal cells not only increase the quantity of deposited Fn but also modify its conformation. However, (i) the interplay between mechanical and conformational properties of early tumor-associated Fn networks and (ii) its effect on tumor vascularization remain unclear. Here, we first used the Surface Forces Apparatus to reveal that 3T3-L1 preadipocytes exposed to tumor-secreted factors generate a stiffer Fn matrix relative to control cells. We then show that this early matrix stiffening correlates with increased molecular unfolding in Fn fibers, as determined by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. Finally, we assessed the resulting changes in adhesion and proangiogenic factor (VEGF) secretion of newly seeded 3T3-L1s, and we examined altered integrin specificity as a potential mechanism of modified cell-matrix interactions through integrin blockers. Our data indicate that tumor-conditioned Fn decreases adhesion while enhancing VEGF secretion by preadipocytes, and that an integrin switch is responsible for such changes. Collectively, our findings suggest that simultaneous stiffening and unfolding of initially deposited tumor-conditioned Fn alters both adhesion and proangiogenic behavior of surrounding stromal cells, likely promoting vascularization and growth of the breast tumor. This work enhances our knowledge of cell - Fn matrix interactions that may be exploited for other biomaterials-based applications, including advanced tissue engineering approaches.
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Abstract
All of life is regulated by complex and organized chemical reactions that help dictate when to grow, to move, to reproduce, and to die. When these processes go awry, or are interrupted by pathological agents, diseases such as cancer, autoimmunity, or infections can result. Cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, adipokines, and other chemical moieties make up a vast subset of these chemical reactions that are altered in disease states, and monitoring changes in these molecules could provide for the identification of disease biomarkers. From the first identification of carcinoembryonic antigen, to the discovery of prostate-specific antigen, to numerous others described within, biomarkers of disease are detectable in a plethora of sample types. The growing number of biomarkers for infection, autoimmunity, and cancer allow for increasingly early detection, to identification of novel drug targets, to prognostic indicators of disease outcome. However, more and more studies are finding that a single cytokine or growth factor is insufficient as a true disease biomarker and that a more global perspective is needed to understand true disease biology. Such a broad view requires a multiplexed platform for chemical detection, and antibody arrays meet and exceed this need by performing this detection in a high-throughput fashion. Herein, we will discuss how antibody arrays have evolved, and how they have helped direct new drug target design, helped identify therapeutic disease markers, and helped in earlier disease detection. From asthma to renal disease, and neurological dysfunction to immunologic disorders, antibody arrays afford a bright future for new biomarkers discovery.
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45
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Lan JS, Xie SS, Huang M, Hu YJ, Kong LY, Wang XB. Chromanones: selective and reversible monoamine oxidase B inhibitors with nanomolar potency. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00124b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compound 4f was a potent and selective inhibitor for hMAO-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shuai Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Sai-Sai Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
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46
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Wang ZM, Li XM, Xu W, Li F, Wang J, Kong LY, Wang XB. Acetophenone derivatives: novel and potent small molecule inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00357a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compounds 1j and 2e were both potent and selective MAO-B inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- People's Republic of China
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47
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Integrin-mediated adhesion and mechano-sensing in cutaneous wound healing. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 360:571-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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48
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Lü WD, Zhang L, Wu CL, Liu ZG, Lei GY, Liu J, Gao W, Hu YR. Development of an acellular tumor extracellular matrix as a three-dimensional scaffold for tumor engineering. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103672. [PMID: 25072252 PMCID: PMC4114977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor engineering is defined as the construction of three-dimensional (3D) tumors in vitro with tissue engineering approaches. The present 3D scaffolds for tumor engineering have several limitations in terms of structure and function. To get an ideal 3D scaffold for tumor culture, A549 human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells were implanted into immunodeficient mice to establish xenotransplatation models. Tumors were retrieved at 30-day implantation and sliced into sheets. They were subsequently decellularized by four procedures. Two decellularization methods, Tris-Trypsin-Triton multi-step treatment and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment, achieved complete cellular removal and thus were chosen for evaluation of histological and biochemical properties. Native tumor tissues were used as controls. Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were cultured onto the two 3D scaffolds for further cell growth and growth factor secretion investigations, with the two-dimensional (2D) culture and cells cultured onto the Matrigel scaffolds used as controls. Results showed that Tris-Trypsin-Triton multi-step treated tumor sheets had well-preserved extracellular matrix structures and components. Their porosity was increased but elastic modulus was decreased compared with the native tumor samples. They supported MCF-7 cell repopulation and proliferation, as well as expression of growth factors. When cultured within the Tris-Trypsin-Triton treated scaffold, A549 cells and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (SW-480) had similar behaviors to MCF-7 cells, but human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells (KYSE-510) had a relatively slow cell repopulation rate. This study provides evidence that Tris-Trypsin-Triton treated acellular tumor extracellular matrices are promising 3D scaffolds with ideal spatial arrangement, biomechanical properties and biocompatibility for improved modeling of 3D tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dong Lü
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Chun-Lin Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Guang-Yan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Ye-Rong Hu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
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Anti-microRNA-378a enhances wound healing process by upregulating integrin beta-3 and vimentin. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1839-50. [PMID: 24954475 PMCID: PMC4428398 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed or impaired wound healing is a major public health issue worldwide,
especially in patients with diabetes mellitus and vascular atherosclerosis.
MicroRNAs have been identified as key regulators of wound healing. Here, we show
that miR-Pirate378a transgenic mice (and thus have inhibited miR-378a-5p
function) display enhanced wound healing. Expression of vimentin and β3
integrin, two important modulators of wound healing, is markedly elevated in the
transgenic mice. MiR-Pirate378a-transfected cells display greater mobility
during migration assays, which was hypothesized to be due to the upregulation of
vimentin and β3 integrin. Both molecules were confirmed to be targets of
miR-378a, and thus their expression could be rescued by miR-Pirate378a.
Overexpression of vimentin also contributed to fibroblast differentiation, and
upregulation of β3 integrin was responsible for increased angiogenesis.
Mice treatment with miR-Pirate378a-conjugated nanoparticles displayed enhanced
wound healing. Thus, we have demonstrated that knockdown of miR-378a increased
the expression of its target proteins, vimentin, and β3 integrin, which
accelerated fibroblast migration and differentiation in vitro and
enhanced wound healing in vivo.
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50
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Ruma IMW, Putranto EW, Kondo E, Watanabe R, Saito K, Inoue Y, Yamamoto KI, Nakata S, Kaihata M, Murata H, Sakaguchi M. Extract of Cordyceps militaris inhibits angiogenesis and suppresses tumor growth of human malignant melanoma cells. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:209-18. [PMID: 24789042 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor development and metastasis. Among several angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF) is important for tumor-derived angiogenesis and commonly overexpressed in solid tumors. Thus, many antitumor strategies targeting VEGF have been developed to inhibit cancer angiogenesis, offering insights into the successful treatment of solid cancers. However, there are a number of issues such as harmful effects on normal vascularity in clinical trials. Taking this into consideration, we employed Cordyceps militaris as an antitumor approach due to its biological safety in vivo. The herbal medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris has been reported to show potential anticancer properties including anti-angiogenic capacity; however, its concrete properties have yet to be fully demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the biological role of Cordyceps militaris extract in tumor cells, especially in regulating angiogenesis and tumor growth of a human malignant melanoma cell line. We demonstrated that Cordyceps militaris extract remarkably suppressed tumor growth via induction of apoptotic cell death in culture that links to the abrogation of VEGF production in melanoma cells. This was followed by mitigation of Akt1 and GSK-3β activation, while p38α phosphorylation levels were increased. Extract treatment in mouse model xenografted with human melanoma cells resulted in a dramatic antitumor effect with down-regulation of VEGF expression. The results suggest that suppression of tumor growth by Cordyceps militaris extract is, at least, mediated by its anti-angiogenicity and apoptosis induction capacities. Cordyceps militaris extract may be a potent antitumor herbal drug for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Made Winarsa Ruma
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Endy Widya Putranto
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Eisaku Kondo
- Division of Oncological Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | - Risayo Watanabe
- Division of Oncological Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | - Ken Saito
- Division of Oncological Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Division of Molecular Science, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamamoto
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Division of Oncological Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Murata
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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